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The article discusses a study carried out to review the literature associated with classroom-based and distance learning education and training initiatives for health and social care staff in end-of-life and palliative care in terms of various factors. The aim of the study is to determine the most yielding educational strategies for enhancing care. It concluded as classroom-based education and training enhances professional skills and delivers end-of-life care.

O'BRIEN T and ACKROYD S. Nursing Inquiry 2012; 19: 39-50 Understanding the recruitment and retention of overseas nurses: realist case study research in National Health Service Hospitals in the UK This paper illustrates one of the possible applications of critical realist ideas to the analysis of health services, in the use of comparative case study research design, to elucidate the causal social processes underlying events. In the research reported here, a comparative research design was used as a basis for improving our understanding of the processes involved in the assimilation of overseas nurses (OSN) into the salient long-term workforce of the National Health Service (NHS) hospitals in the UK. The work brought to light the salient experiences of overseas nurses during their initial work in the NHS hospitals, and these were used as a basis for developing an account of the general mechanisms typically underlying the recruitment and assimilation at work. The authors conclude that successful assimilation is often hindered by the presence of occupational closure mechanisms, by which home nurses effectively excluded recruits from participation and promotion; these mechanisms, which articulate with everyday racism, threaten successful assimilation for obvious reasons. If the treatment recruits receive does not lead to withdrawal, it is because they typically have very strong economic motives to continue despite unfavourable and sometimes inhumane treatment. Thus, the research offered substantial reasons why recruitment policies should be reviewed by policy-makers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Discusses letters on nursing and medicine in the U.S. as of July 1982.

This article focuses on the professional development at Human Resource Planning Society (HRPS). This society assists HR professionals to successfully meet the business challenges of the future within their organization. Each workshop gives the latest HR thinking and technology and explores how to integrate new approaches within the competing demands for the business. HRPS workshops are developed and organized around five core competency skills identified in two major research projects. Over the past three years, two state-of-the-art research projects were conducted by David Ulrich and Bob Eichinger to identify the key competency skills needed by HR professionals to perform at peak effectiveness in large, changing organizations. The HRPS curriculum enables one to develop competencies at the Foundation and Advanced levels. Foundation Workshops focus on the how-to's, skill building, tools and techniques, these workshops provide a thorough analysis and understanding of the essentials in each competency.