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The primary aim was to determine if somatosensory impairments alter the association between falls history and glaucoma severity. A secondary aim was to identify the activities of daily living that cause increased concern related to falling in glaucoma and their association with glaucoma severity. Established questionnaires about falls and fear of falling (FoF) were mailed to participants diagnosed with glaucoma. Ninety-eight participants responded. Self-reported feet numbness and tingling symptoms were used to determine the presence of somatosensory impairments. Self-reported falls in glaucoma are associated with visual field deficits in both eyes, particularly in the presence of somatosensory impairments. In addition, increased FoF levels are linked with worse visual field deficits in both eyes, especially when performing challenging walking tasks. Somatosensory impairments alter the relationship between falls risk and visual field deficits in glaucoma. This information may be helpful in identifying older workers at an increased risk of falling.

Human visual performance has been observed to show superiority in localized regions of the visual field across many classes of stimuli. However, the underlying neural mechanisms remain unclear. This study aims to determine whether the visual information processing in the human brain is dependent on the location of stimuli in the visual field and the corresponding neuroarchitecture using blood-oxygenation-level-dependent functional MRI (fMRI) and diffusion kurtosis MRI, respectively, in 15 healthy individuals at 3 T. In fMRI, visual stimulation to the lower hemifield showed stronger brain responses and larger brain activation volumes than the upper hemifield, indicative of the differential sensitivity of the human brain across the visual field. In diffusion kurtosis MRI, the brain regions mapping to the lower visual field showed higher mean kurtosis, but not fractional anisotropy or mean diffusivity compared with the upper visual field. These results suggested the different distributions of microstructural organization across visual field brain representations. There was also a strong positive relationship between diffusion kurtosis and fMRI responses in the lower field brain representations. In summary, this study suggested the structural and functional brain involvements in the asymmetry of visual field responses in humans, and is important to the neurophysiological and psychological understanding of human visual information processing.

Several letters to the editor are presented in response to articles in previous issues including an article on nationalization of industry during war or peace time by Robert Griffiths in the March 15, 2012 issue, "What's Going on With Stop Kony" in the March 16, 2012 issue and "Move Your Money Campaign" in the March 2, 2012 issue.

The article suggests steps that sports officials could take when sued. One should check oneself, for being sued is never proof of a moral failing, so one should concede nothing. The very first thing that one should do when responding to a lawsuit is to begin search for a lawyer. Then one should notify the company that provides one's officiating insurance of the lawsuit. Then, one should gather documentation on all the various training sessions one has attended for all sports one has officiated.

The article looks at several common situations in which awareness of needed insurance coverage comes in handy for sports officials. When officiating non-league games, multiple insurance policies are available for officials that protect them from liability incurred on the field or court. The difference between professional and casual sports officials is discussed.

The author reflects on the legal protection referees and sports officials should have in order to carry out their duties and responsibilities in games, who could also breach those duties in the course of implementing modified rules for the protection of involved parties. He highlights that the main objective of an official is to keep the game safe and fair, thus, several instances would prompt officials to deviate from the rules to preserve the safety. He raises the concern over the liability created in deviating that needs to be assessed.

The article discusses the basics of a self-defense law that are useful for sports officials in the U.S. It differentiates criminal laws on self-defense from civil laws. It explains how much danger a person, who is acting in defense of an attacker, needs to be in before he or she can legally fight back. Also noted is the need to be aware that several aspects of the legislation differ from state to state.