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Background. The spread of a new strain of SARS-CoV-2 and the pandemic that caused it has led to huge changes around the world. So, it reminded us again about the importance of developing measures for the prevention of infections that transmitted by air droplets. Aim: investigation of the antimicrobial activity of aminomethanesulfonic acid (AMSA) and its derivatives (N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-(HEAMSA), N-benzyl-(BnAMSA) and N-(tert-butyl)-(t-BuAMSA)) which impregnated on filtering fibrous material and can be used for the manufacture of anti-aerosol elements of individual respiratory protection against strains of Staphylococcus aureus with different level of antibiotics resistance. Materials and methods. The standard method of Kirby and Bauer disks is used for the investigation of the specific activity of antimicrobial drugs. The 24-hour cultures of microorganisms that contained (1.2+0.2)x109 CFU/ml were diluted according to the turbidity standard. The results were detected after 18-20 hours of incubation at 37°C. The 0.5 cm diameter filter fibrous discs contained the following compounds: AMSA, HEAMSA, BzAMSA, t-BuAMSA and streptocide (sulfanilamide) as a reference with active compound content (Q) at a final concentration of 0.047 and 0.236 mmol/g. Results. All test samples with aminomethanesulfonic acids at a final concentration of 0.236 mmol/g that were applied to the filter fibrous material had a higher level of inhibition of the growth of the microorganisms than the prototype using streptocide (sulfanilamide) e against the strains of Staphylococcus aureus 2781 and Staphylococcus aureus Kunda. Conclusions. Samples based on HEAMSA showed the greatest antimicrobial activity against the studied strains of Staphylococcus aureus from all research samples of filter fibrous material with YAMSA. They were characterized by the maximum hydrophilicity and the minimum value of the empirical pKa function lgPow. AMSA and HEAMSA were characterized by the smallest particle sizes on the surface of lavsan fiber according to electron microscopy analysis. This provides the largest boundary of contact between the phases of these biocides in the composition of the filtering fibrous material with bio aerosols during respiratory air purification.

Relevance. Spinal stenosis is a common manifestation of degenerative-dystrophic lesions of the cervical spine (CS). In most cases it occurs with the development of neurological complications in the form of secondary spondylogenic myelopathy, radicular dysfunction, pain. Isolated studies indicate that this type of damage occurs in some animals. Objective: a comparative analysis of clinical, radiological and morphometric data on degenerative-dystrophic lesions in human and domestic animals on the background of degenerative changes in bone structures that provoke stenosis of the spinal canal with the development of spondylogenic myelopathy. Material and methods. The retrospective analysis included 65 patients (25 men, 40 women) with neurological symptoms who underwent computed tomography during 2018-2021. Prospectively, a study was performed with the participation of 75 domestic animals with similar symptoms (19 dogs of large breeds weighing more 20 kg, 42 dogs of small and medium breeds weighing less 20 kg, and 14 cats. Results. There was a close correlation of symptoms in humans and large dogs in the presence and degree of narrowing of the canal: in cases of stenosis of the ventricles in humans (75.3%), large breeds of dogs (78.9%), patients had similar neurological symptoms. The maximum decrease in the sagittal diameter of the spinal canal was found more at the level of the C6 vertebral body in both humans and animals, weighing more than 20 kg. The mass share of stenotic changes was mainly registered in men (84.0% vs. 70.0% in women). In addition, according to the Pavlov-Torg morphometric index, the width of the spinal canal in men was smaller than in women. Stenosis of the spinal canal was mainly registered in large breeds of dogs (78.9%), which almost completely coincided with the morphometry in humans (75.4%). Conclusions. The data of our research indicate the possibility of using large breeds of dogs in predicting the course of degenerative-dystrophic changes in humans, because physiological and pathophysiological processes in dogs are on average 7 times faster than in humans. The severity of the process, the clinic and morphometric data of CS animals depend on the species, breed, weight, age, and common factors in the development of degenerative-dystrophic changes in humans and some groups of animals may be aging in general and the spine in particular.

Relevance. Traumatic brain injury (TBI) and its consequences often lead to disability, the progression of both the syndromes that arise after trauma and comorbid pathology. Resistance to emerging therapy dictates the search for new pathogenetically grounded, effective approaches to the treatment of this pathology. Particular attention should be paid to the consequences of mild brain lesions, the number of which is increasing, and their diagnosis is difficult, incl. due to compensation in the early stages of low states, ignoring the existing symptoms, followed by inadequacy of therapeutic measures, which leads to persistent violations of the mechanisms of regulation and adaptation. Objective of the study was to study sensory deprivation on the dynamics of indices of the autonomic nervous system (ANS), its neurohormonal link and melatonin hormone in patients with the consequences of mild combat TBI. Materials and methods. We examined 53 patients with the consequences of mild mine-explosive TBI, who were treated with the method of sensory deprivation in a special float chamber. The course of treatment was 10-12 sessions, 45-60 minutes a day. Investigated – neurological status, the state of the ANS: autonomic tone, reactivity, provision of activity, its neurohormonal link (adrenaline, norepinephrine, melatonin), microcirculation in the vessels of the bulbar conjunctiva. A similar examination was carried out after the course of sensory deprivation. Results. The clinical picture was dominated by stem symptoms, impaired activity of the ANS, limbic-reticular complex with inhibition of the reflex sphere, asthenization, disturbances in circadian rhythms, impaired emotional-volitional sphere, the presence of hypothalamic-stem paroxysms. Conclusions. Sensory deprivation has a significant effect on the functional state of the suprasegmental structures of the ANS and other above-mentioned indicators in patients with the consequences of combat TBI, that is, it helps to restore balance and synchronicity in the activity of the suprasegmental structures.