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5. Adapting Agriculture to Climate Change: A Synopsis of Coordinated National Crop Wild Relative Seed Collecting Programs across Five Continents

Author

Eastwood, Ruth J., primary, Tambam, Beri B., additional, Aboagye, Lawrence M., additional, Akparov, Zeynal I., additional, Aladele, Sunday E., additional, Allen, Richard, additional, Amri, Ahmed, additional, Anglin, Noelle L., additional, Araya, Rodolfo, additional, Arrieta-Espinoza, Griselda, additional, Asgerov, Aydin, additional, Awang, Khadijah, additional, Awas, Tesfaye, additional, Barata, Ana Maria, additional, Boateng, Samuel Kwasi, additional, Magos Brehm, Joana, additional, Breidy, Joelle, additional, Breman, Elinor, additional, Brenes Angulo, Arturo, additional, Burle, Marília L., additional, Castañeda-Álvarez, Nora P., additional, Casimiro, Pedro, additional, Chaves, Néstor F., additional, Clemente, Adelaide S., additional, Cockel, Christopher P., additional, Davey, Alexandra, additional, De la Rosa, Lucía, additional, Debouck, Daniel G., additional, Dempewolf, Hannes, additional, Dokmak, Hiba, additional, Ellis, David, additional, Faruk, Aisyah, additional, Freitas, Cátia, additional, Galstyan, Sona, additional, García, Rosa M., additional, Ghimire, Krishna H., additional, Guarino, Luigi, additional, Harker, Ruth, additional, Hope, Roberta, additional, Humphries, Alan W., additional, Jamora, Nelissa, additional, Jatoi, Shakeel Ahmad, additional, Khutsishvili, Manana, additional, Kikodze, David, additional, Kyratzis, Angelos C., additional, León-Lobos, Pedro, additional, Liu, Udayangani, additional, Mainali, Ram P., additional, Mammadov, Afig T., additional, Manrique-Carpintero, Norma C., additional, Manzella, Daniele, additional, Mat Ali, Mohd Shukri, additional, Medeiros, Marcelo B., additional, Mérida Guzmán, María A., additional, Mikatadze-Pantsulaia, Tsira, additional, Mohamed, El Tahir Ibrahim, additional, Monteros-Altamirano, Álvaro, additional, Morales, Aura, additional, Müller, Jonas V., additional, Mulumba, John W., additional, Nersesyan, Anush, additional, Nóbrega, Humberto, additional, Nyamongo, Desterio O., additional, Obreza, Matija, additional, Okere, Anthony U., additional, Orsenigo, Simone, additional, Ortega-Klose, Fernando, additional, Papikyan, Astghik, additional, Pearce, Timothy R., additional, Pinheiro de Carvalho, Miguel A. A., additional, Prohens, Jaime, additional, Rossi, Graziano, additional, Salas, Alberto, additional, Singh Shrestha, Deepa, additional, Siddiqui, Sadar Uddin, additional, Smith, Paul P., additional, Sotomayor, Diego A., additional, Tacán, Marcelo, additional, Tapia, César, additional, Toledo, Álvaro, additional, Toll, Jane, additional, Vu, Dang Toan, additional, Vu, Tuong Dang, additional, Way, Michael J., additional, Yazbek, Mariana, additional, Zorrilla, Cinthya, additional, and Kilian, Benjamin, additional

Published
2022
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6. Adapting Agriculture to Climate Change: A Synopsis of Coordinated National Crop Wild Relative Seed Collecting Programs across Five Continents

Author

Government of Norway, Eastwood, Ruth J. [0000-0003-4331-3894], Tambam, Beri B. [0000-0003-3321-7954], Akparov, Zeynal I.[0000-0001-6182-5303], Breman, Elinor [0000-0001-9834-5186], Burle, Marília L. [0000-0003-3494-4475], Chaves, Néstor F. [0000-0001-8465-8130], De la Rosa, Lucía [0000-0002-6787-0866], Faruk, Aisyah [0000-0003-0463-5495], Eastwood, Ruth J., Tambam, Beri B., Aboagye, Lawrence M., Akparov, Zeynal I., Aladele, Sunday E., Allen, Richard, Amri, Ahmed, Anglin, Noelle L., Araya, Rodolfo, Arrieta-Espinoza, Griselda, Asgerov, Aydin, Awang, Khadijah, Awas, Tesfaye, Barata, Ana Maria, Boateng, Samuel Kwasi, Magos Brehm, Joana, Breidy, Joelle, Breman, Elinor, Brenes Angulo, Arturo, Burle, Marília L., Castañeda-Álvarez, Nora P., Casimiro, Pedro, Chaves, Néstor F., Clemente, Adelaide S., Cockel, Christopher P., Davey, Alexandra, De la Rosa, Lucía, Debouck, Daniel G., Dempewolf, Hannes, Dokmak, Hiba, Ellis, David, Faruk, Aisyah, Freitas, Cátia, Galstyan, Sona, García, Rosa M., Ghimire, Krishna H., Guarino, Luigi, Harker, Ruth, Hope, Roberta, Humphries, Alan W., Jamora, Nelissa, Jatoi, Shakeel Ahmad, Khutsishvili, Manana, Kikodze, David, Kyratzis, Angelos C., León-Lobos, Pedro, Liu, Udayangani, Mainali, Ram P., Mammadov, Afig Tofig, Manrique-Carpintero, Norma C., Manzella, Daniele, Mat Ali, Mohd Shukri, Medeiros, Marcelo B., Mérida Guzmán, María A., Mikatadze-Pantsulaia, Tsira, Mohamed, El Tahir Ibrahim, Monteros-Altamirano, Álvaro, Morales, Aura, Müller, Jonas V., Mulumba, John W., Nersesyan, Anush, Nóbrega, Humberto, Nyamongo, Desterio O., Obreza, Matija, Okere, Anthony U., Orsenigo, Simone, Ortega-Klose, Fernando, Papikyan, Astghik, Pearce, Timothy R., Pinheiro de Carvalho, Miguel A.A., Prohens, Jaime, Rossi, Graziano, Salas, Alberto, Singh Shrestha, Deepa, Siddiqui, Sadar Uddin, Smith, Paul P., Sotomayor, Diego A., Tacán, Marcelo, Tapia, César, Toledo, Álvaro, Toll, Jane, Vu, Dang Toan, Vu, Tuong Dang, Way, Michael J., Yazbek, Mariana, Zorrilla, Cinthya, Kilian, Benjamin, Government of Norway, Eastwood, Ruth J. [0000-0003-4331-3894], Tambam, Beri B. [0000-0003-3321-7954], Akparov, Zeynal I.[0000-0001-6182-5303], Breman, Elinor [0000-0001-9834-5186], Burle, Marília L. [0000-0003-3494-4475], Chaves, Néstor F. [0000-0001-8465-8130], De la Rosa, Lucía [0000-0002-6787-0866], Faruk, Aisyah [0000-0003-0463-5495], Eastwood, Ruth J., Tambam, Beri B., Aboagye, Lawrence M., Akparov, Zeynal I., Aladele, Sunday E., Allen, Richard, Amri, Ahmed, Anglin, Noelle L., Araya, Rodolfo, Arrieta-Espinoza, Griselda, Asgerov, Aydin, Awang, Khadijah, Awas, Tesfaye, Barata, Ana Maria, Boateng, Samuel Kwasi, Magos Brehm, Joana, Breidy, Joelle, Breman, Elinor, Brenes Angulo, Arturo, Burle, Marília L., Castañeda-Álvarez, Nora P., Casimiro, Pedro, Chaves, Néstor F., Clemente, Adelaide S., Cockel, Christopher P., Davey, Alexandra, De la Rosa, Lucía, Debouck, Daniel G., Dempewolf, Hannes, Dokmak, Hiba, Ellis, David, Faruk, Aisyah, Freitas, Cátia, Galstyan, Sona, García, Rosa M., Ghimire, Krishna H., Guarino, Luigi, Harker, Ruth, Hope, Roberta, Humphries, Alan W., Jamora, Nelissa, Jatoi, Shakeel Ahmad, Khutsishvili, Manana, Kikodze, David, Kyratzis, Angelos C., León-Lobos, Pedro, Liu, Udayangani, Mainali, Ram P., Mammadov, Afig Tofig, Manrique-Carpintero, Norma C., Manzella, Daniele, Mat Ali, Mohd Shukri, Medeiros, Marcelo B., Mérida Guzmán, María A., Mikatadze-Pantsulaia, Tsira, Mohamed, El Tahir Ibrahim, Monteros-Altamirano, Álvaro, Morales, Aura, Müller, Jonas V., Mulumba, John W., Nersesyan, Anush, Nóbrega, Humberto, Nyamongo, Desterio O., Obreza, Matija, Okere, Anthony U., Orsenigo, Simone, Ortega-Klose, Fernando, Papikyan, Astghik, Pearce, Timothy R., Pinheiro de Carvalho, Miguel A.A., Prohens, Jaime, Rossi, Graziano, Salas, Alberto, Singh Shrestha, Deepa, Siddiqui, Sadar Uddin, Smith, Paul P., Sotomayor, Diego A., Tacán, Marcelo, Tapia, César, Toledo, Álvaro, Toll, Jane, Vu, Dang Toan, Vu, Tuong Dang, Way, Michael J., Yazbek, Mariana, Zorrilla, Cinthya, and Kilian, Benjamin

Abstract

The Adapting Agriculture to Climate Change Project set out to improve the diversity, quantity, and accessibility of germplasm collections of crop wild relatives (CWR). Between 2013 and 2018, partners in 25 countries, heirs to the globetrotting legacy of Nikolai Vavilov, undertook seed collecting expeditions targeting CWR of 28 crops of global significance for agriculture. Here, we describe the implementation of the 25 national collecting programs and present the key results. A total of 4587 unique seed samples from at least 355 CWR taxa were collected, conserved ex situ, safety duplicated in national and international genebanks, and made available through the Multilateral System (MLS) of the International Treaty on Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture (Plant Treaty). Collections of CWR were made for all 28 targeted crops. Potato and eggplant were the most collected genepools, although the greatest number of primary genepool collections were made for rice. Overall, alfalfa, Bambara groundnut, grass pea and wheat were the genepools for which targets were best achieved. Several of the newly collected samples have already been used in pre-breeding programs to adapt crops to future challenges.

Published
2022

8. Design and Fabrication of a 1.5GHz Microwave Low Noise Amplifier with Suitable Low-noise and High Gain Characteristics

Author

Okere A U, Oliver Ozioko, and Cherechi Ndukwe

Subjects
Engineering, Noise temperature, business.industry, Noise spectral density, Electrical engineering, Y-factor, Noise figure, Low-noise amplifier, Noise generator, Electronic engineering, Hardware_INTEGRATEDCIRCUITS, Effective input noise temperature, Instrumentation amplifier, business
Abstract

This paper presents the design, simulation and fabrication of a low noise amplifier with high gain of 1.5GHz. In communication systems, there is always difficulty in distinguishing the received signal from noise at very low signal powers. A low noise amplifier (LNA) is an effective and low-cost way of enhancing this signal quality through signal amplification at the receiver. In this work, LNA simulation and a novel design was carried out using the N76038A field effect transistor (FET). To ensure it is stable over a wide range of frequencies, the input and output stability of the transistor were plotted over its operating frequencies (0.1 GHz to 18 GHz). Constant gain and noise figure circles were plotted and the source impedance properly chosen. The input network was matched to the source impedance and conjugate matching used to match the output. The schematic was converted to microstrip and produced on a printed circuit board. Testing was carried out using the vector network analyser (VNA) and matching errors then corrected by calibration process. The fabricated LNA has a gain of 13.76dB and noise figure of 1.57dB which is in close agreement with a simulation result of 14.25dB and 1.56dB respectively.

Published
2017
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9. EFFECT OF INDUCED AGEING ON NUTRIENTS CONTENT OF SOME SELECTED CASTOR SEEDS GENOTYPES.

Author

Apuyor, B. O., Ossamalu, F. I., Salihu, B. Z., Okere, A. U., Nwosu, D. J., Kabaraini, M. A., Salahu, M. S., and Onwukwe, A. A.

Subjects
GENOTYPES, HUMIDITY, PHARMACEUTICAL industry, CARBOHYDRATES
Abstract

Castor is an important oilseed crop with great utilitarian value in industrial, pharmaceutical and agricultural sectors, the major constituents of the seeds are the lipids, carbohydrates, proteins and, of course, the nucleic acids. Seed deterioration is associated with various cellular, metabolic and chemical alterations to the seed constituents. The objective of this study was to determine the effects of induced ageing on the nutrient content of castor seeds. The study was carried out by subjecting castor seeds of various accessions to induced ageing by placing the seeds in an incubator at a temperature of 40OC and 100% relative humidity for 0, 2, 4 and 6 days. A total of twelve (12) castor accessions were used for the study. Percentage total fats, total protein, total reducing sugar was determined in the aged seeds using standard biochemical procedures. The result showed a progressive decrease in fats, protein and reducing sugar content with increased ageing time which became significant at (p < 0.05) on day four in all parameters measured. The percentage decrease of fats ranged from 38.01% in NCRI-P-007 to 9.0% NCRICAS036, protein 57.98% in NCRI-P-40 to 54.10% NCRICAS019 and reducing sugar 39.93% in NCRI-P-39 to 14.55% in NCRICAS036. The result has led to the conclusion that castor seeds lose its nutrients content with storage time. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2022
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11. ASSESSMENT OF ADOPTION AND UTILISATION OF SUPERIOR RICE GERMPLASM BY SMALLHOLDER FARMERS IN FOUR RICE PRODUCING ZONES OF NIGERIA.

Author

ALAMU, O., ALADELE, S. E., OKERE, A. U., OSEWA, S. O., OLUBIYI, M. R., LEE, M., JOLAIYA, O. B., and HASSAN, O. K.

Subjects
RICE yields, RICE disease & pest resistance, SMALL farms, RICE genetics
Abstract

Conservation and sustainable use of plant genetic resources is essential to the sustainable development of agricultural production and rural in production zones in Nigeria. This study, therefore investigated the utilisation of recently released superior rice germplasm among smallholder farmers in Nigeria. A post- crop varietal release impact assessment was conducted in Oyo, Ekiti, Kwara and Ebonyi states of Nigeria in 2019. Structured questionnaires were administered to 120 farmers using a simple random sampling technique. Result from the study revealed that rice farmers are mainly males, middle aged, married, with some form of education. They have medium (3-6 household member) household size with longer years of farming experiences. Inadequate capital and limited credit facilities, plant disease, birds and insect infestation are the major constraints encountered by the farmers. Result of the correlation analysis shows that there was no significant relationship between sources of planting materials and frequently planted varieties (r = 0.100 and p = 0.786). However, there was significant relationship between production constraints and frequently planted varieties (r = 0.010 and p = 0.648). It is recommended that more channels of credit facilities should be provided to rice farmers by governments at various levels to improve their level productivity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2020
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12. Antimicrobial and GC-MS Analyses of Stem and Root Extracts of Bidens pilosa Linn.

Author

AJANAKU, CHRISTIANA O., ECHEME, JOHNBULL O., MORDI, RAPHAEL C., AJANI, OLAYINKA O., OKERE, DANIEL U., and KAYODE, ABOLANLE A.

Subjects
ETHYL acetate, CARDIAC glycosides, OLEIC acid, EXTRACTS, TERPENES, HEXANE
Abstract

This study describes the qualitative phytochemical screening, antimicrobial and GC-MS analyses of the crude methanol extract of the stem and roots parts of Bidens pilosa partitioned between methanol, dichloromethane, ethyl acetate and hexane solvents. Phytochemical analysis indicated the presence of cardiac glycosides, terpenoids, flavonoids and alkaloids. Saponins were not found in any of the fractions of stem and root of B. pilosa. Antibacterial studies indicated that the lowest concentration (6.25 mg/mL) was achieved for Candida subtilis for the ethyl acetate fraction of the stem extract and hexane fraction of the root extract. Antimycobacterial test activity of these solvent fractions revealed that the hexane fraction of the root extract was susceptible to the bacterium isolate. Gas chromatography-Mass spectrometric study revealed the presence of the following compounds-cis-9-Hexadecenal, 2-hydroxyl ethyl (Z)-9-Octadecenoate, Octadecanal, Oleic acid, 4-(dimethylamino)-Benzaldehyde, 4,6,7-Trimethoxy-2,3-dihydrofuro(2,3-b)quinolone. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2019
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15. Examination Malpractice and Control in Public Secondary Schools in Anambra State, Nigeria: Implications for the Counsellor

Author

Obidoa, Mabel A., Onyechi, Kay C., Okere, Anthony U., Obidoa, Mabel A., Onyechi, Kay C., and Okere, Anthony U.

Abstract

This study set out to investigate examination malpractice and control among secondary school students in Anambra state, Nigeria. One thousand, five hundred (1,500) respondents were drawn from the population of staff and students using a multi-stage sampling procedure. Three research questions and one hypothesis guided the study. A 36 item structured questionnaire was used to collect data for the study. Data were analysed using mean and ‘t’ test statistics. The result shows that both teachers and students have knowledge of what examination malpractice is all about and possible ways of curbing it. Counsellors should internalize the results of this study and use them meaningfully for counselling on issues related to examination malpractice Key words: Examination, Malpractice, Control, Secondary School

Published
2013

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