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Copyright of Basic & Clinical Andrology is the property of BioMed Central and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

En lien avec la feuille de route interministérielle sur l'obésité (2019-2022), la Haute Autorité de Santé (HAS) a publié en 2022 un guide pour optimiser le parcours de soins de l'enfant et de l'adolescent en situation de surpoids ou d'obésité et ainsi accompagner les professionnels de santé dans sa mise en œuvre. Ce guide insiste tout particulièrement sur l'importance de la surveillance de l'indice de masse corporelle (IMC) tout au long de l'enfance à chaque occasion afin d'optimiser le dépistage du surpoids et de l'obésité. En cas d'excès pondéral avéré, il détaille l'importance de l'évaluation multidisciplinaire de chaque situation avec la prise en compte des différents aspects (contexte socioculturel, psychoaffectif entre autres) et les leviers que les professionnels peuvent utiliser tout au long du parcours de soins qui doit être coordonné, gradué et inscrit dans la durée pour espérer être efficace. In link with the interministerial plan for obesity (2019-2022), the French National Authority for Health (HAS) has published in 2022 a guide to optimize the care pathway for overweight and obese children and adolescents to support healthcare professionals in its implementation. The guide particularly emphases on the importance of calculating Body Mass Index (BMI) throughout childhood, at every opportunity, to optimize screening for overweight and obesity. In case where excess weight has been established, it details the importance of multidisciplinary assessment of each situation, with considering several important aspects (socio-cultural, psycho-affective, etc.) and detailing the levers that professionals can use throughout this care pathway that must be coordinated and graduated on the long-term manner if it is to be effective. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Gériatrie et Psychologie Neuropsychiatrie du Vieillissement is the property of John Libbey Eurotext Ltd. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

To explore if individuals living with obesity participate, have interest, and benefit from circuit resistance training (RT+) and evaluate if the RT+ reaches moderate aerobic intensity and the association between oxygen consumption and heart rate while performing the RT+. Ten inactive adults living with obesity participated in the RT+ program for 12 weeks. Participants performed 150 min of the RT+ program using four exercises (squats, chest press, lunges and lat-pull down) for three sessions of 50 min each week. Measured outcomes included attendance, fitness, lipids, anthropometrics body composition. Oxygen consumption and heart rate were captured during a single session of the RT+ program using portable indirect calorimetry. Participants attended 90% of offered sessions (32.5/36.0 sessions). A significant improvement was observed in the body mass index (P = 0.03). The RT+ program was permitted to reach moderate intensity regardless of the indicator used to establish moderate intensity (3METs, 46%VO 2peak , 40%VO 2reserve , 64%HR max and 40%HR reserve). The association between HR and VO 2 while performing the RT+ program was 0.27; P < 0.01. This study suggests that people with obesity achieve moderate intensity when performing RT+. As a result, performing RT in a circuit manner could contribute to the aerobic portion of the guidelines for adults living with obesity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Obesity is a prevalent health problem affecting 29% of the Canadian population and having many complications (high blood pressure, dyslipidemia, diabetes, etc.). There are currently four treatments approved by Health Canada for weight loss: orlistat, the naltrexone/bupropion combination, liraglutide, and semaglutide at a dose of 2.4 mg (which is not yet sold in Canada). In this article, a review of the efficacy and safety data will be performed. Naltrexone/bupropion 32 mg/360 mg per day demonstrated a 5% weight reduction in 48% of patients (p < 0.000) in the COR-I study. Orslistat 120 mg PO TID had a mean weight loss of 10.2%, compared to 6.1% with placebo (p < 0.001). Semaglutide 2.4 mg subcutaneously weekly demonstrated a mean weight change of -14.9% in the semaglutide group and -2.4% in the placebo group (p < 0.001) in STEP-1. Liraglutide 3 mg subcutaneously once daily demonstrated -8% weight loss versus -2.6% with placebo (p < 0.001) in SCALE Obesity. Finally, tirzepatide demonstrated ≥ 5% weight loss in 89% to 91% of participants receiving 10 mg or 15 mg doses in SURMOUNT-1. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

La prise en charge de l'obésité infantile est un enjeu majeur de santé publique, compte tenu de son impact sur la santé physique et mentale des jeunes. Elle ne peut pas faire l'économie d'un examen psychiatrique exhaustif, à la recherche notamment d'un trouble du comportement alimentaire. Dans cet article de mise au point, nous présenterons dans le premier paragraphe les troubles alimentaires les plus spécifiquement liés à l'obésité (l'hyperphagie boulimique, la perte de contrôle alimentaire et l'hyperphagie nocturne) ainsi que les comorbidités psychiatriques associées. Dans une deuxième partie, nous étudierons certains facteurs (l'alimentation émotionnelle, la restriction cognitive alimentaire et la stigmatisation sociale) pouvant favoriser l'émergence de troubles alimentaires chez des jeunes en situation d'obésité. Cette approche psychopathologique ouvre la voie à une compréhension plus holistique de la problématique complexe de l'obésité infantile, pouvant aboutir à des stratégies thérapeutiques et préventives plus efficaces. Childhood obesity is a significant public health concern due to its adverse effects on both physical and mental health. It cannot dispense with a comprehensive psychiatric examination, particularly in the search for an eating behavior disorder. In this review article, we present, in the first part, eating disorders most specifically related to obesity (binge eating disorder, loss of control overeating, and night eating syndrome) as well as associated psychiatric comorbidities. In the second part, we examine specific factors (emotional eating, cognitive restriction, and social stigmatization) that may contribute to the emergence of eating disorders in young individuals with obesity. This psychopathological approach will facilitate a more comprehensive understanding of the complex issue of childhood obesity, potentially leading to more effective therapeutic and preventive strategies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In France, 49% of adults are overweight and 17% are obese [1]. Its prevalence is increasing in the entire population and much more rapidly in children. Data among 3rd grade adolescents show an increase in overweight and obesity of 20% and 5.4% respectively among girls and 17% and 4.7% among boys [2]. Several types of intervention are proposed to combat obesity, lifestyle interventions, combating a sedentary lifestyle, diet control, medication prescriptions. Anti-obesity drugs have shown great variability in their effectiveness in terms of weight loss, ranging from 5% to 12% in various randomized controlled trials and depending on clinical contexts [3]. Two Glucagon-like peptide1 analog drugs, indicated in the treatment of insufficiently controlled type 2 diabetes, semaglutide and liraglutide, are used in obese or overweight non-diabetic adult patients. For what benefit and what disadvantages? [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Physical inactivity in older diabetes patients. ▪ We aimed to examine self-reported physical activity (PA) and sitting time (ST) in older patients with type 1 diabetes (T1D) and type 2 diabetes (T2D) in daily clinical practice, and their associations with metabolic health, namely body mass index (BMI) and glycemic control (HbA1c). This cross-sectional cohort non-exposure study included 117 patients (n = 29 T1D and n = 88 T2D), aged 71.6 ± 1.1 years, on insulin regimens. Statistical analyses were conducted on data gathered with the validated International Physical Activity Questionnaire. T1D patients reported a longer duration of weekly physical activity and shorter duration of sitting time compared to T2D patients (active 162 ± 32 vs 72 ± 12 minutes weekly; sedentary 4.4 ± 0.7 vs 6.7 ± 0.9 hours daily, respectively) (P < 0.01 for both). PA was negatively associated with BMI in T1D (r = –0.5; P < 0.01). ST was positively associated with BMI in T2D (r = 0.2; P < 0.05). Only the (T2D + T1D) patients who achieved > 1500 metabolic equivalent-minutes weekly had significantly lower HbA1c (7.9 ± 1.6% vs.7.3 ± 1.2% (P < 0.05). Physical inactivity was associated with a higher BMI in a real-world cohort of older patients with diabetes, on insulin treatment. Beneficial effects of PA on glycemic control were observed only in the highly active subgroup. Assessing and addressing health-enhancing physical activity should be integrated into everyday clinical practice, since encouraging different modes of physical activity and interrupting sitting behavior has potential health implications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction. Obesity has become one of the most prevalent nutritional disor-ders, characterized by excess adipose tissue with physical and psychosocial conse-quences, affecting negatively quality of life. Objectives. To study the diet quality and identify eating disorders (TCA) in a pediatric population suffering from overweight. Population and methods. Thirty patients (16 girls/14 boys), aged 5 to 17 years, were recruited from the Pediatric Department of Oran University Hospital. Anthropometric parameters were measured. Physical activity level as well as diet quality by the KIDMED index were evaluated. The Binge Eating Scale (ADO-BED), and the Child-Three Factor Eating Questionnaire (CTFEQ) were used to identify possible eating disorders. Results. Obesity was noted in 77% of the pediatric population, while 23% were overweight. Only 40% of patients practiced sporting activity, while 60% had sedentary behavior on weekends. The KIDMED score calculation showed low adherence to the Mediterranean diet (RM), in 83% of the population. Although the ADO-BED questionnaire indicated a low risk of binge episodes in 97% of patients, CTFEQ data revealed that 67% had signs of loss of eating control, 7% had cognitive restriction, and 7% had emotional eating. Conclusion. Poor dietary habits, associated with sedentary lifestyle, are observed in the studied overweight pediatric population. These results highlight the need for nutritional intervention and psychological care for these patients. [Introduction. L'obésité est devenue l'un des troubles nutritionnels les plus répandus, caractérisé par un excès de tissu adipeux avec des conséquences physiques et psychosociales, affectant négativement la qualité de vie. Objectif. Etudier la qualité de l’alimentation et identifier les troubles des conduites alimentaires (TCA) chez une population pédiatrique, souffrant de surcharge pondérale. Population et méthodes. Trente patients (16 filles/14 garçons), âgés de 5 à 17 ans, ont été recrutés au niveau du Service de Pédiatrie du CHU d’Oran. Les paramètres anthropométriques ont été mesurés. Le niveau d'activité physique (NAP) ainsi que la qualité de l'alimentation par l’indice KIDMED ont été évalués. Le Binge Eating Scale (ADO-BED) et le Child-Three Factor Eating Questionnaire (CTFEQ) ont été utilisés afin d’identifier d’éventuels TCA. Résultats. L'obésité était observée chez 77% de la population pédiatrique, alors que 23% présentaient un surpoids. Seuls 40% des patients pratiquaient une activité sportive, tandis que 60% avaient un comportement sédentaire le week-end. Le calcul du score KIDMED a montré une adhésion faible au régime méditerranéen (RM) chez 83% de la population. Bien que le questionnaire ADO-BED ait indiqué un faible risque d'épisodes hyperphagiques chez 97% des patients, les données du CTFEQ ont révélé que 67% présentaient des signes de perte de contrôle alimentaire, 7% une restriction cognitive, et 7% une alimentation émotionnelle. Conclusion. De mauvaises habitudes alimentaires, associées à un mode de vie sédentaire, sont observées chez la population pédiatrique en surcharge pondérale. Ces résultats soulignent la nécessité d'une intervention nutri-tionnelle et d'une prise en charge psychologique pour ces patients.]

Objective: About 70% of women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) have insulin resistance and related metabolic disorders but the underlying mechanism leading to insulin resistance remain unknown. Betatrophin is a protein expressed in the liver and adipose tissue that has been found to be related to insulin resistance and ß-cell proliferation. The aim of this study is evaluate the circulating betatrophin level in PCOS cases and to investigate its relationship with obesity and insulin resistance. Methods: In this prospective cross-sectional study circulating betatrophin levels were measured in 35 PCOS cases with lean and 38 overweight/obese PCOS cases (BMI=25) using spesific enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kits. Betatrophin levels, antropometric measurements, fasting blood glucose, 2 -hour post-glucose load blood glucose and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) values were compared. Results: Circulating betatrophin levels of the lean PCOS group were found to be significantly higher than the overweight/obese PCOS group (p=0.023). There were no significant association between betatrophin and HOMA-IR levels. Conclusions: Betatrophin was found to be significantly lower in the overweight/obese group than in the lean PCOS group. Since the role of betatrophin in PCOS and insulin resistance has not been sufficiently clarified, it can be said that it is not a good predictor of insulin resistance in PCOS patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The growing proportion of patients with IBD and obesity (15 to 40%) makes their management a critical therapeutic challenge. Obesity has a negative impact on the natural course of the disease, leads to an attenuated response to biotherapies and favors surgical complications. A nutritional assessment is therefore essential, and physicians should be aware of screening patients for malnutrition (even in the presence of obesity), sarcopenia and obesity-related complications. A multidisciplinary approach must be proposed to the patients: supervised changes in eating habits to avoid causing or worsen deficiencies, especially during inflammatory flare-ups, as well as practicing regular physical activity. Drug treatments for obesity, particularly GLP-1 analogs, can be proposed, although their impact on the evolution of inflammatory bowel disease has yet to be demonstrated. Bariatric surgery, when indicated, should be proposed to patients, as it has a demonstrated benefit on post-operative evolution in IBD. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Canadian Journal of Hospital Pharmacy / Journal Canadien de la Pharmacie Hospitalière is the property of Canadian Society of Hospital Pharmacists and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Movement & Sport Sciences / Science & Motricité is the property of EDP Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Osmangazi Journal of Medicine / Osmangazi Tip Dergisi is the property of Eskisehir Osmangazi University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This review and meta-analysis examine the effects of aerobic exercise training on central arterial stiffness in obese individuals. Original articles were searched in PubMed, Scopus, and Coachrane from January 2005 to December 2021. Fixed-effects modeling was used to compare changes between pre- and post-interventions and control group. Comparisons between pre- and post-interventions (n = 13 studies) reveals a significant decrease in central PWV [standardized mean difference (SMD): 0.263; confidence interval (CI) 95%: 0.101 to 0.426, p = 0.001]. However, comparisons between control and exercised individuals (n = 4 studies) show no significant differences in central PWV [SMD: 0.241 (CI 95%, −0.116 to 0.599), p = 0.186]. In conclusion, aerobic exercise training reduces central arterial stiffness in obese adults. These results are of clinical relevance since it might be associated with reduced cardiovascular diseases and all-cause mortality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Une patiente en établissement d'hébergement pour personnes âgées dépendantes était atteinte de sclérose latérale primitive (SLP), qui est une maladie neuromusculaire d'évolution lente, dans son cas, très handicapante. Elle développait progressivement une obésité. La possibilité d'une sarcopénie sous-jacente était éliminée et la prise de poids était expliquée par une très faible activité physique et surtout des grignotages non contrôlés. En l'absence de traitement de la SLP, la patiente était considérée comme en situation palliative. Invoquant le respect de sa qualité de vie, elle refusait de modérer ses grignotages. Le seul recours était de prodiguer des conseils diététiques auprès de la patiente, des équipes et de sa famille. Ce cas clinique souligne la difficulté d'évaluation et de prise en charge nutritionnelles des personnes atteintes de maladies neurologiques et neuromusculaires. A patient in a nursing home suffered from primary lateral sclerosis (PLS), which is a slowly progressive neuromuscular disease, in her case, very disabling. She gradually developed obesity. The possibility of an underlying sarcopenia was eliminated, and the weight gain was explained by very low physical activity and especially uncontrolled snacking. In the absence of treatment for PLS, the patient was considered to be in a palliative situation. Invoking respect for her quality of life, she refused to moderate her snacking. The only recourse was to provide dietary advice to the patient, the teams and her family. This clinical case highlights the difficulty of nutritional assessment and management of people with neurological and neuromuscular diseases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

L'obésité et le surpoids s'avèrent être des problèmes de santé publique de manière pandémique réduisant significativement l'espérance de vie des personnes touchées et présentant un impact médicoéconomique important, en lien avec les traitements qu'ils requièrent et leurs comorbidités. En France, la prise en charge thérapeutique de cette pathologie se résume à une modification du mode de vie ou à une approche chirurgicale. L'endoscopie a permis le développement d'alternatives thérapeutiques ces dernières années, bien que ces méthodes ne soient à l'heure actuelle pas toutes recommandées en France alors même que des résultats probants aient été démontrés. À l'heure de l'avènement de l'endoscopie interventionnelle préservant les organes, des procédures thérapeutiques novatrices mini-invasives ont vu le jour et vont tendre à se développer afin d'occuper une place à part entière dans le traitement de cette maladie chronique. Avec la mise à disposition de nouveaux traitements médicamenteux efficaces comme les agonistes du GLP-1, des approches combinées « endoscopie-médicament » pourraient être nouvellement définies permettant d'atteindre une efficacité clinique sans précédent. L'objectif de cette mise au point est de rappeler les techniques endoscopiques actuelles existantes dans la prise en charge de l'obésité, d'exposer les innovations dans le domaine en cours de développement et d'esquisser quel pourrait être l'avenir de l'endoscopie bariatrique. Obesity and overweight are proving to be pandemic public health problems that significantly reduce the life expectancy of those affected. Obesity has a significant medico-economic impact, in relation to the treatments it requires and its comorbidities. In France, the therapeutic management of this pathology is limited to a lifestyle modification or a surgical approach. Endoscopy has allowed the development of therapeutic alternatives in the management of obesity in recent years, although not all of these methods are currently recommended in France, even though convincing results have been shown. With the advent of organ-sparing interventional endoscopy, innovative minimally invasive therapeutic procedures have emerged and will tend to develop in order to take a full place in the treatment of this chronic disease. More ambitious endoscopic procedures could also be combined, thus combining the different modes of action of each of them. Finally, with the availability of new effective drug treatments, combined "endoscopy-drug" approaches could be newly defined to achieve unprecedented clinical effectiveness. The objective of this review will be to present the current endoscopic techniques available for the management of obesity, to discuss the innovative procedures under development and to outline the future of bariatric endoscopy, either by combining procedures or by combining them with medical therapies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: The current obesity epidemic is accompanied by an increasing use of obesity surgery. However, the French health care system struggles to ensure long-term follow-up of these patients, for which the general practitioner plays a crucial role. Objective: Based on a literature review, to develop a monitoring tool in order to improve patient follow-up care after obesity surgery, by optimizing the coordination between general practitioner and the referral Obesity center team. Methods: Methodology of the French National Authority for Health to develop a memo sheet, supported by a systematic review, validated by the expertise of a task group. Results: Obesity surgery, yet effective on severe obesity and its comorbidities, can expose to the risk of severe postoperative complications, adverse psychosocial impact, or weight regain, which is feared. Nutritional deficiencies are frequent, and a lifelong micronutrient supplementation is essential (multivitamin and mineral complex, vitamin D-calcium, iron, vitamin B12); otherwise, the deficiency could lead to complications (e.g. hematological, neurological, musculoskeletal). Their prevention-screening-treatment are part of a global interdisciplinary postoperative management, including medical and biochemical monitoring, behavior change strategies in eating and exercise habits, and psychological support. The learned societies recommend to strengthen the collaboration between general practitioners and surgical teams. The "BARIA Check" sheet has synthesized these key data in order to guide the general practitioner to ensure this mission, in coordination with the referral obesity centre. Conclusion: Complications after obesity surgery need to be prevented to ensure its long-term safety and effectiveness. General practitioners supported by "BARIA Check" will contribute to this achievement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In recent years, psychological factors, including anxiety and post-traumatic stress disorder, have emerged as possible background factors for obesity and its comorbidities. Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) has been associated with higher body mass index (BMI) and metabolic syndrome (MetS) compared to other psychiatric disorders, but this association remains partly mysterious and intriguing, especially considering the effect of childhood trauma. We decided to conduct a review in order to obtain the most recent information on this association with a focus on developmental elements. The studies considered were very heterogeneous, in terms of sample size and results, and do not lend themselves to meta-analysis but rather to discursive synthesis. There are many different and complex planes of interrelationship between PTSD and obesity which offer different therapeutic clues for the clinician. Integrated psychotherapies and interventions focusing on exercise and mindfulness can be used in different settings to promote recovery from both disorders. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

À l'heure actuelle, l'évaluation psychologique préopératoire fait partie des éléments incontournables pour toute personne souhaitant bénéficier d'une chirurgie bariatrique. Toutefois, il aura fallu attendre la fin du XIXe siècle pour que la prise en charge de l'obésité s'inscrive dans une approche pluridisciplinaire, posant ainsi les bases de l'évaluation psychologique dans ce domaine. En étant intégrée comme un traitement possible, la chirurgie va renforcer l'intérêt d'une telle perspective, notamment en s'appuyant sur ce type d'évaluation qui a pour fonction d'établir l'existence éventuelle de contre-indications. Celles-ci sont définies selon les pays par différentes instances comme l' American Society for Bariatric and Metabolic Surgery ou la Haute Autorité de santé. Bien qu'il n'existe pas d'outil spécifique pour ce type de bilan, certains font figure de référence depuis l'émergence de cette discipline dont l'Inventaire Multiphasique de la Personnalité du Minnesota. Depuis sa création, il est utilisé dans l'univers de la chirurgie bariatrique, démontrant sa validité et ses qualités psychométriques au fil du temps. Par ailleurs, la littérature continue à s'enrichir de travaux de recherche concernant sa capacité prédictive des suites d'une chirurgie renforçant la pertinence et l'intérêt de son utilisation dans cette pratique. At present, the preoperative psychological assessment is one of the essential elements for anyone wishing to undergo bariatric surgery. However, it was not until the end of the 19th century that the management of obesity became part of a multidisciplinary approach, thus laying the foundations for psychological assessment in this area. By being integrated as a possible treatment, surgery will reinforce the interest of such a perspective, in particular by relying on this type of assessment, which has the function of establishing the possible existence of contraindications. These are defined in different countries by different bodies such as the American Society for Bariatric and Metabolic Surgery or the Haute Autorité de santé. Although there is no specific tool for this type of assessment, some have been used as a benchmark since the emergence of this discipline, including the Minnesota Multiphase Personality Inventory. Since its inception, it has been used in the world of bariatric surgery demonstrating its validity and psychometric qualities over time. In addition, the literature continues to be enriched by research work concerning its predictive capacity for the aftermath of surgery, reinforcing the relevance and interest of its use in this practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Nouveau Praticien Vétérinaire Canine & Féline is the property of EDP Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

To determine the status of 25(OH)D and parathyroid hormone (PTH) levels in patients with severe obesity who undergo and not undergo gastric bypass (GB); and analyzed their correlation with the degree of obesity and fat mass. Cross-sectional study in 34 patients, analyzed in two groups: a) patients who not undergo GB and b) patients who did undergo GB. Height, weight, BMI, body composition, % excess weight loss (EWL) and % total weight loss (TWL) were determinate. 25(OH)D level was categorized according to the Endocrine Society criteria. Mean age was of 37.24 ± 5.83 vs 40.82 ± 9.03 years (P = 0.021) and BMI of 44.92 ± 8.63 vs 31.28 ± 5.60 kg/m2 (P = 0.001) in patients who did not undergo GB and underwent GB respectively. Patients who underwent GB showed decreased levels of 25(OH)D: 14.04 ± 10.42 ng/mL vs patients without surgery 31.95 ± 31.00 ng/mL (P < 0.001). Vitamin D deficiency was identified in 70% patients having GB vs 59% patients without surgery (P < 0.05). Of all patients with GB, 35% were diagnosed with hyperparathyroidism vs 29% of those without GB (P = 0.492). Serum 25(OH)D concentrations were disclosed a significant inverse relationship with the % TWL after surgery, but not with weight, BMI and fat mass. Vitamin D deficiency is prevalent in patients with severe obesity and patients who did undergo GB. The major determinant of low levels of 25(OH)D was % TWL after surgery. Hyperparathyroidism did not indicate vitamin D deficiency. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aimed to examine the impact of 12 weeks of aerobic interval, resistance and combined exercise on inflammatory markers of TNF-a, IFN-y, Metrnl and IL-4 in obese men. Forty-four individuals (35–55 years; body mass index (BMI): 30–40 kg/m2) voluntarily participated, and were randomly divided into four groups: aerobic interval exercise (n = 10) (5 × 3-min intervals at ∼40–80% peak heart rate), resistance exercise (n = 11) (2–3 sets, 8–20 repetitions at 40–80% one-repetition maximum), combined exercise (n = 12) (a combination of both aerobic and resistance exercises) and control (n = 11). The exercise protocol in all three groups was 12 weeks with a frequency of three sessions per week. IL-4 increased significantly in aerobic interval (P = 0.005), resistance (P = 0.005), and combined (P = 0.022) exercise groups. TNF-α decreased significantly only in the aerobic (P = 0.005) and combined (P = 0.012) groups, but it increased in the resistance group (P = 0.025). None of the exercise interventions resulted in a significant change in Meteorin-like protein (Metrnl) and IFN-γ levels (P > 0.05). The results suggest that aerobic and combined exercises may have more beneficial effects in improving the inflammatory status than resistance exercise alone in obese individuals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Nouveau Praticien Vétérinaire Canine & Féline is the property of EDP Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Basic & Clinical Andrology is the property of BioMed Central and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Après une perte de poids massive, le thorax chez les hommes peut présenter des déformations importantes. Le traitement chirurgical de la gynécomastie après un amaigrissement massif reste une chirurgie difficile et partiellement incomprise en raison de 4 facteurs principaux : un excès cutané complexe en hauteur et largeur et qui peut parfois se poursuivre en axillaire ou en dorsal, une composante graisseuse prédominante plutôt que glandulaire, la malposition de la plaque aréolo-mamelonnaire (PAM) qui est souvent élargie et un sillon sous mammaire (SSM) souvent marqué. Les techniques actuellement décrites sont soit insuffisantes, soit elles entraînent des complications fréquentes et/ou importantes. Les auteurs décrivent une nouvelle approche qui dissocie le traitement du volume et de la peau avec une résection « sur mesure » qui est simple, reproductible et sécure. Notre objectif est d'améliorer la satisfaction des patients tout en réduisant les taux de complications. Dix-sept patients présentant une adipomastie avec excès cutané après amaigrissement massif ont été opérés selon la technique de lipoaspiration et redrapage cutané sur mesure après pose d'agrafes. Les auteurs décrivent la technique, les indications et contre-indications de la procédure et analysent les résultats. L'âge moyen des patients est de 39 ans. L'indice de masse corporelle (IMC) moyen avant la perte de poids est de 42,7 kg/m2, la perte moyenne de poids avant la correction corporelle est de 49 kg, avec un delta moyen de perte de BMI de 15,34 kg/m2. Le séjour moyen à l'hôpital est de 1,3 nuits. Aucun patient n'a présenté de complications majeures (hématome, hémorragie, nécrose, thrombophlébite, reprise chirurgicale immédiate pour traiter des complications). Les complications mineures incluant les déhiscences cicatricielles, les infections, les stéatonécroses, les corrections cicatricielles à distance, ont été rapportées pour 2 patients, soit 11 %. La torsoplastie assistée par liposuccion et désépidermisation sur mesure est moins invasive que les techniques décrites antérieurement. Les résultats sont reproductibles et les taux de complications sont faibles. Ses avantages sont multiples : absence d'espace de décollement et donc aucun drain n'est nécessaire, le respect des vaisseaux, nerfs et lymphatiques, peu de douleur et une courte durée d'hospitalisation. Cette technique est simple, rapide, facile à apprendre et reproductible. Cependant, elle n'est applicable que dans l'adipomastie pure. Une technique différente doit être utilisée en présence de tissu glandulaire ferme. After massive weight loss (MWL), the chest in men may show significant deformities. The surgical treatment of gynecomastia after MWL remains a difficult and partially misunderstood surgery due to 4 main factors: a complex excess of skin in height and width that sometimes continues in the axilla or dorsal region, a predominantly fatty rather than glandular component, the malposition of the nipple-areola complex (NAC) that is often enlarged and an inframammary fold (IMF) that is often marked. The techniques currently described are either insufficient or lead to frequent and/or significant complications. The authors describe a new approach that dissociates the treatment of the volume and the skin with a customized resection that is simple, reproducible and safe. Our goal is to improve patient satisfaction while reducing complication rates. Seventeen patients with adipomastia with excess skin after massive weight loss were operated on using liposuction and skin redraping technique. The authors describe the technique, indications and contraindications of the procedure and analyze the results. The average age of the patients was 39 years. The average body mass index (BMI) before weight loss is 42,7 kg/m2, the average weight loss before body correction is 49 kg, with an average delta of BMI loss of 15,34 kg/m2. The average stay in hospital is 1,3 nights. No patient had major complications (hematoma, hemorrhage, necrosis, thrombophlebitis, immediate surgical revision to treat complications). Minor complications including scar dehiscence, infection, steatonecrosis, and distant scar correction were reported in 2 patients, i.e. 11%. Liposuction assisted and desepidermization torsoplasty is a new technique for correction of pseudogynecomastia in MWL patients. The results are reproductible and the complication rates are low. There is no dead space and therefore no drains are needed. There is little pain and a short hospital stay. This technique is simple, quick and easy to learn. However, it is only applicable in adipomastia. A different technique should be used in the presence of firm glandular tissue. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of eight weeks of vitamin D supplementation and water exercise on cardiometabolic profile in women with type 2 diabetes. Forty women with type 2 diabetes participated in this study voluntarily and randomly divided to four groups: 1) vitamin D+ water exercise, 2) vitamin D, 3) water exercise, and 4) control groups. Water exercise groups (groups 1 and 3) performed 3 sessions of water training per week during 8 weeks (15 minutes of warm-up, 45 to 60 minutes of main activity with a Borg scale of 14 and 10 minutes of cooling). Vitamin D groups (groups 1 and 2) received 50,000 (IU) vitamin D supplements once a week. Levels of fasting blood sugar (FBS), insulin, hemoglobin A1c (HbA 1c), C- reactive protein (CRP) levels, as well as lipid profile were measured before and after intervention. Insulin resistance was also obtained by calculating HOMA-IR. Weight, waist circumference, and body fat mass were significantly decreased after intervention in Vitamin D+ water exercise group (P = 0.001, 0.032, and 0.013 respectively), as well as CRP, glycemic and lipid profile were significantly improved after intervention in water exercise group. The results of the present study showed that water exercise plus vitamin D supplementation had synergism beneficial effects on anthropometric indices and lipid and glycemic status of type 2 diabetic patients and can be used as a non-pharmacological and non-invasive method to improving these mentioned parameters of type 2 diabetes. IRCT20201223049811N1, data of registration: 12.01.2021; https://en.irct.ir/trial/53230. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Nonshivering thermogenesis, a component of whole-body energy expenditure, is regulated by many factors. The effect of a high-fat diet and endurance training was not yet explored on many NST factors at thermoneutrality. This study aimed to probe a high-fat diet and endurance training effect on newly identified NST factors, specifically Uncoupling Protein 1 -independent agents, at thermoneutrality. C57BL/6 mice were assigned into four groups including, Control, HFD, ET, and HFD-ET. The mice were housed at 28 °C (as a thermoneutrality). HFD group was fed an HFD for 12 weeks, and ET group had continuous running for six weeks. Likewise, HFD-ET group was submitted to ET for six weeks besides feeding HFD for 12 weeks. Real-time–PCR was used to assay the mRNA expression of NST-factors. The high-fat diet caused a significant increase in Uncoupling Protein 1 and Sarcolipin gene expression in brown fat and soleus muscle at thermoneutrality, respectively. Endurance training also caused a rise in Mitocondria Creatin Kinase 2 expression in beige fat. Neither the high-fat diet nor endurance training significantly changed the expression of Ca2+cyle-related factors and Uncoupling Protein 1 in beige fat. Endurance training restrained the increasing effect of the high-fat diet on the expression of brown fat's Uncoupling Protein 1 and Sarcolipin at thermoneutrality. The high-fat diet and endurance training may not homogeneously affect the NST factors under thermoneutrality. However, endurance training appears to be able to modulate the High-fat diet-induced nonshivering thermogenesis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Étudier le lien entre la prise du petit déjeuner et l'obésité. Une enquête transversale a été réalisée auprès de 284 adultes Algériens. La consommation et la composition du petit déjeuner ont été estimées par le rappel de 24 h répété trois fois. Les consommateurs du petit déjeuner ont été définis comme ceux ayant un apport de 300 Kcal et plus dans ce repas. Les mesures anthropométriques ont concerné le poids et la taille. Notre population compte 46,5 % d'hommes et 53,5 % de femmes. Au total, 62,3 % des adultes étaient en surpoids dont 25,4 % avaient une obésité. Plus de la moitié de la population (54,2 %) prenait un petit déjeuner. Il était habituellement composé d'un produit céréalier, d'un laitage et d'un produit sucré, accompagnés d'un café ou un thé. Aucune différence significative n'a été observée entre la prévalence de l'obésité chez les consommateurs et les non-consommateurs du petit déjeuner. Aucune corrélation n'a été trouvée entre l'IMC et l'apport énergétique du petit déjeuner. En excluant l'apport énergétique du petit déjeuner, les non-consommateurs du petit déjeuner avaient un apport énergétique total plus élevé que ceux qui consommaient un petit déjeuner. Dans notre étude, le saut du petit déjeuner ne semble pas avoir de relation avec l'obésité. Celle-ci semble plutôt être liée à un excès en énergie totale. To study the association between breakfast consumption and obesity. A cross-sectional study was conducted among 284 Algerian adults. The breakfast consumption and composition were assessed by the 24-hour recall repeated on three times. Breakfast consumers were defined as having consumed 300 Kcal and more in this meal. Anthropometric measurements included weight and height. Our population counts 46.5% men and 53.5% women. A total of 62.3% of adults were overweight, including 25.4% having obesity. Over half of the population (54.2%) ate breakfast. It usually consisted of a cereal product, a dairy product and a sweet product accompanied by coffee or tea. No significant difference was observed between the prevalence of obesity in breakfast consumers and non-consumers. No correlation was found between BMI and energy intake at breakfast. Non-consumers of breakfast had a higher total energy intake excluding breakfast than breakfast consumers. In our study, skipping breakfast does not appear to be related to obesity. Rather, it appears to be related to an excess in total energy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Le tissu adipeux est modifié en quantité et qualité au cours de l'obésité : hypertrophie des adipocytes, diminution de leur expansibilité et fibrose, productions de cytokines et adipokines proinflammatoires, infiltration inflammatoire par des macrophages pro-inflammatoires M1, des lymphocytes T. Ainsi, l'excès de tissu adipeux et l'obésité sont associés à une inflammation de bas grade qui peut aggraver les pathologies inflammatoires chroniques, impacter l'effet des traitements, l'apparition des comorbidités et le développement de la maladie à sa phase préclinique. L'obésité augmente le risque de développer une polyarthrite rhumatoïde (PR), un psoriasis, un rhumatisme psoriasique avec un effet dose dépendant du poids. C'est aussi un facteur de moins bonne réponse aux traitements en particulier aux anti-TNF. La perte de poids induite par la chirurgie bariatrique diminue le risque de psoriasis et de rhumatisme psoriasique, et améliore l'activité de la maladie et la rémission sous traitement dans la PR. Une perte de poids d'au moins 5 % avec un régime hypocalorique améliore la réponse thérapeutique aux traitements anti-TNF dans le rhumatisme psoriasique avec un effet dose dépendant de la perte de poids. Dans la PR, l'effet bénéfique de la perte de poids au cours d'un régime hypocalorique sur l'activité de la maladie est rapporté dans quelques études observationnelles mais n'a pas été démontré dans un essai randomisé contrôlé. Le dépistage et la prise en charge de l'obésité font partie des recommandations de la SFR sur l'alimentation des patients ayant un rhumatisme inflammatoire chronique et doivent bien sûr être associés aux autres facteurs modifiables, arrêt du tabac, qualité de l'alimentation, activité physique et lutte contre la sédentarité. Adipose tissue is altered in quantity and quality during obesity: hypertrophy of adipocytes, decrease in expandability and fibrosis, production of proinflammatory cytokines and adipokines, inflammatory infiltration by pro inflammatory macrophages M1, T lymphocytes. Thus, excess adipose tissue and obesity are associated with low-grade inflammation that can aggravate chronic inflammatory diseases, decrease the treatment efficacy, the development of comorbidities, and of the disease in its preclinical phase. Obesity increases the incidence of rheumatoid arthritis (RA), psoriasis, psoriatic arthritis with a weight dose effect. It is also predictor of poorer response to treatments, in particular TNF inhibitors. Weight loss induced by bariatric surgery decreases the risk of psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis, and improves disease activity and remission in RA. A weight loss of at least 5% with a hypocaloric diet improves the response to TNF inhibitor in psoriatic arthritis with a dose-dependent effect of weight loss. In RA, the beneficial effect of weight loss during a hypocaloric diet on disease activity has been reported in a few observational studies but has not been demonstrated in a randomized controlled trial. Screening and management of obesity are part of the dietary recommendations of the French Society for Rheumatology in patients with chronic inflammatory rheumatic diseases and should of course be associated with others modifiable lifestyle factors such as smoking, quality of food, physical activity and sedentary lifestyle. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The effects of body mass index (BMI) and blood groups on immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) are not clearly known. This study aims to investigate the effect of BMI and blood groups on the treatment of ITP. Materials and Methods: All cases included in this study were primary ITP patients. Body measurements, treatment history, demographic, and laboratory data were recorded. The data obtained were analyzed after the patients were divided into groups based on BMI and blood groups. Results: The study included 68 (100%) cases, 53 of which were female (77.9%). The median age of the cases was 44 years (min: 18, max: 87). The median BMI was 28.05 (min: 17.6, max: 51.4), and patients with normal weight, overweight, and obesity were found in 24 (35.3%), 20 (29.4%), and 24 (35.3%) cases, respectively. According to blood groups, 29 (42.6%), 20 (29.4%), 11 (16.2%), and 8 (11.8%) cases had blood groups A, O, B, and AB, respectively. The analysis of BMI and blood groups together with demographic and laboratory variables revealed that patients with obesity had a higher mean age (p=0.049) and lactate dehydrogenase levels (p<0.001) than other BMI groups. In the analysis of treatment responses, it was found that using eltrombopag in the second-line treatment in the patients with normal weight group was associated with a better response than other BMI groups (p=0.025). Conclusions: This is the first study to look investigate the relationship between BMI and ITP therapy. According to the results of our study, we believe that BMI should be considered in the selection of second-line therapy for ITP. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Basic & Clinical Andrology is the property of BioMed Central and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Meta-inflammation is a pathological aspect of immunometabolism disturbances in obesity. This inflammatory state is promoted by inflammatory cytokine overexpression partially related to the toll-like receptor 4 pathway. Here, we assessed the direct effects of exercise (in the absence of body fat changes) on serum cytokine concentration by constructing a short-term exercise training intervention among overweight/obese subjects. Thirty young inactive females were allocated to two groups: the inactive group (IG, continued their inactive lifestyle, n = 15) and the active group (AG, participated in two weeks combined high-intensity interval training, n = 15). Before and after the intervention, serum cytokines' concentration was measured by ELISA technique. The body composition parameters did not significantly change in both groups. Interleukin (IL)-10 levels were increased significantly in comparison with both pre-testing (P = 0.008) and IG (P = 0.007) values. Also, there was a significant decrease in tumor necrosis factor-α levels compared to IG (P = 0.05). No statistically significant changes (P > 0.05) were found in interferon (IFN)-γ (Δ% = −20.41), pentraxin 3 (Δ% = −13.57), and fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) (Δ% = 24.02). However, FGF21 changes revealed a significant positive correlation with IL-10 (r = 0.65) and a significant negative correlation with IFN-γ (r = 0.58). Although our exercise training protocol reduced the TLR4 activities and induced an anti-inflammatory environment, this impact seems to be not related to body fat changes, indicating the direct immunomodulatory impact of exercise. More interventions are needed to evaluate the clinical implications of crosstalk between skeletal muscle, liver, adipose tissue, and inflammatory response. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Évaluer, sur la population des enfants et des adolescents, la validité d'un modèle de cercle vicieux de la stigmatisation de l'obésité qui, dans une compréhension psychopathologique, inclut les concepts de dépression et d'alimentation émotionnelle. Revue de question répertoriant les études publiées dans PubMed et PsychINFO avant 2005, portant sur des participants âgés de moins de 18 et incluant les différents facteurs du modèle (stigmatisation, dépression, alimentation émotionnelle et obésité). Dans l'état actuel des publications, le modèle n'a pas été validé dans sa globalité, notamment concernant le lien entre alimentation émotionnelle et d'une part la dépression, d'autre part la prise de poids. Cependant, l'existence d'une association bidirectionnelle « stigmatisation × obésité » a été confirmée. Cette association semble en partie médiée par des manifestations dépressives. Des études longitudinales doivent être entreprises afin de vérifier le rôle de l'alimentation émotionnelle dans le modèle. La santé mentale des enfants et des adolescents apparaît comme un facteur de risque de perpétuation du surpoids ou de l'obésité. Le phénomène de stigmatisation des enfants et adolescents de forte corpulence doit être une préoccupation centrale en termes de prévention et de prise en charge. To assess the validity of a vicious circle model of obesity stigma in the child and adolescent population that includes the concepts of depression and emotional eating in a psychopathological understanding. A review of studies published in PubMed and PsychINFO prior to 2005, involving participants under 18 years of age and including the different factors of the model (stigma, depression, emotional eating and obesity). In the current state of the literature, the model has not been validated in its entirety, particularly concerning the link between emotional eating and depression on the one hand and weight gain on the other. However, the existence of a bidirectional association "stigma × obesity" has been confirmed. This association seems to be partly mediated by depressive manifestations. Longitudinal studies should be undertaken to verify the role of emotional eating in the model. The mental health of children and adolescents appears to be a risk factor for the perpetuation of overweight or obesity. The phenomenon of stigmatization of overweight children and adolescents must be a central concern in terms of prevention and management. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This narrative review is aimed at presenting recent evidence on the association between two widespread, chronic, and growing diseases in childhood: attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and obesity. Several hypotheses have been put forward about the correlations between the two conditions, concerning prenatal, perinatal and postnatal factors. We approached this topic through a search of recent literature on this subject, from the perspective of a child psychiatrist, a specialist in child development with an integrative view of the various factors involved in the onset, development and maintenance of a pathological condition, as well as a clinical approach, directed at addressing these factors in a combined manner. The most important point that emerged from our research and to be considered, as a child mental health specialist, seems to maintain an integrated view of the etiology and the management of mental disorders, through an integrative approach. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Orthodontie Française is the property of John Libbey Eurotext Ltd. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This paper presents some psychological considerations to consider when surgically treating obesity with bariatric surgery; it incorporates a comprehension of the body according to the three orders that Jacques Lacan formalized: real, symbolic, and imaginary. It analyzes the procedure in the pre- and post-operative stages and recognizes the importance of adding the notion "symbolic body" and examining the treatment by integrating the aforementioned orders. Such a proposal can be defined as a "supplementary complement" regarding the current therapeutic alternatives; it complements the approaches available but in a supplementary way by allowing the various forms of comprehending the phenomenon and encouraging the use of new therapeutic possibilities. The paper also presents some current problems due to not including the psychoanalytic notion "symbolic body" in the medical-surgical treatment. It finally presents some ideas to advance the comprehension of "morbid obesity" by incorporating the three body dimensions previously mentioned. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Antropo is the property of Antropo and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)