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3 results on '"Odom, Timothy L."'

1. Network Analysis Reveals Species-Specific Organization of Microbial Communities in Four Co-Occurring Elasmobranch Species along the Georgia Coast.

Author

Lyons, Kady, Bedore, Christine N., Carlisle, Aaron B., Moniz, Lauren, Odom, Timothy L., Ahmed, Rokeya, Greiman, Stephen E., and Freedman, Ryan M.

Subjects
MICROBIAL communities, BACTERIAL ecology, SPECIES, STABLE isotopes, NUCLEOTIDE sequencing, MICROBIAL ecology
Abstract

Comparing co-occurring species may provide insights into how aspects of ecology may play a role in influencing their microbial communities. During the 2019 commercial shrimp trawl season off coastal Georgia, swabs of skin, gills, cloaca, and gut were taken for three species of batoids (Butterfly Ray, Bluntnose Stingray, and Atlantic Stingray) and one shark species (Atlantic Sharpnose) for high-throughput sequencing of the V4 region of the bacterial 16S rRNA gene. White muscle was analyzed for stable isotopes (δ13C and δ15N) to evaluate potential niche overlap in these four sympatric mesopredators. Significant differences were found in both δ13C and δ15N signatures across species, suggesting a degree of resource partitioning. When examined within tissue type, the host species had a weak effect on β-diversity for cloaca and skin, with no differences found for gill and gut samples. However, network analysis metrics demonstrated a stronger species-specific effect and distinct microbial community relationships were apparent between the shark and batoids, with the former having tighter networks for both internally- and externally-influenced tissues (gut/cloaca and skin/gills, respectively). Despite overlapping habitat use, species' microbiomes differed in their organizational structuring that paralleled differences in stable isotope results, suggesting a mediating role of species-specific ecology on bacterial microbiomes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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2. Close Quarters: Seasonal Cestode-microbe Interactions Within the Guts of Two North American Sorex Shrew Species

Author

Odom, Timothy L, Jr

Subjects
Shrews, Seasonality, Tapeworms, Cestodes, Intestinal microbiome, Helminth diversity, Biology
Abstract

The mammalian gut microbiome has shown to be essential to host fitness and health assisting in both nutrient acquisition from diet as well as protection from pathogens and can include beneficial bacteria as well as parasites such as helminths and protozoans. In this study, I analyzed the cestode and bacterial communities found in the intestines of two North American species of shrew, Sorex monticola and Sorex cinereus. Specimens were collected approximately every three weeks from May to October during 2016 and 2017 as well as during April and May of 2018 and September of 2009 from the Sangre de Cristo Mountains in Cowles, New Mexico. A total of 186 shrews were dissected and surveyed for cestode and bacterial taxa. I extracted DNA from the whole GI tract of each specimen and amplified 2 loci (28S rRNA for cestodes and 16S rRNA for bacteria) using one-step PCR amplification and sequencing on an Illumina MiSeq. Collection month, shrew species, sex, and weight class all significantly influenced the gut microbiome communities in S. cinereus and S. monticola, however some of the effect of collection month and shrew species on community composition is likely due to variances in within-group distributions. Mathevolepis and Monocercus both significantly altered the bacterial community composition of their hosts, but further analysis could be conducted controlling for the presence of one or the other to parse out any confounding due to coinfection. This study provides novel descriptions of cestode taxa infecting S. monticola and provides a first survey of cestodes infecting shrews in New Mexico.

Published
2020

3. Close Quarters: Seasonal Cestode-microbe Interactions Within the Guts of Two North American Sorex Shrew Species

Author

Odom, Timothy L, Jr and Odom, Timothy L, Jr

Abstract

The mammalian gut microbiome has shown to be essential to host fitness and health assisting in both nutrient acquisition from diet as well as protection from pathogens and can include beneficial bacteria as well as parasites such as helminths and protozoans. In this study, I analyzed the cestode and bacterial communities found in the intestines of two North American species of shrew, Sorex monticola and Sorex cinereus. Specimens were collected approximately every three weeks from May to October during 2016 and 2017 as well as during April and May of 2018 and September of 2009 from the Sangre de Cristo Mountains in Cowles, New Mexico. A total of 186 shrews were dissected and surveyed for cestode and bacterial taxa. I extracted DNA from the whole GI tract of each specimen and amplified 2 loci (28S rRNA for cestodes and 16S rRNA for bacteria) using one-step PCR amplification and sequencing on an Illumina MiSeq. Collection month, shrew species, sex, and weight class all significantly influenced the gut microbiome communities in S. cinereus and S. monticola, however some of the effect of collection month and shrew species on community composition is likely due to variances in within-group distributions. Mathevolepis and Monocercus both significantly altered the bacterial community composition of their hosts, but further analysis could be conducted controlling for the presence of one or the other to parse out any confounding due to coinfection. This study provides novel descriptions of cestode taxa infecting S. monticola and provides a first survey of cestodes infecting shrews in New Mexico.

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