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This paper identifies key factors which promote participation of the poor (resident participation) through group action and community decision making processes, programs, and activities; and describes techniques which Community Action Program (CAP) grantees have used successfully to enhance such participation. Kinds of CAP grantee and community activities have included membership in community action agencies (CAAS) and other policy boards and committees, employment in public and private agencies, administration and operation of economic self-help and other programs, and individual exercise of rights and privileges as citizens. Guidelines presented here are based on resident participation in 22 urban and rural CAAs in January 1969, discussions with Office of Economic Opportunity regional personnel, and selected evaluative reports prepared under Federal contracts. Appendix A contains case studies of successful, locally initiated group action. (LY)

The document, prepared by the U.S. Office of Economic Opportunity, describes the Upward Bound program of talent development to prepare low-income youth for college. Policy guidelines and application instructions are presented under the rubrics of the applicant agencies, the Upward Bound student target population, and the academic institution (its commitment and programs). Upward Bound is described in terms of curriculum and educational goals, staff, nondiscriminatory requirements, policy on religious activities, and relationship to other public and private resources. A major part of the document consists of details on how to apply for an Upward Bound grant. (NH)

Some of the ways community action agencies (CAA) can best implement the Community Action Program Mission in rural America are suggested in this paper. Generation of new employment and other income-producing opportunities for the poor within the rural community is recommended as an area for primary focus. The strategy for economic development is outlined and the CAA's primary role is specified. Discussion includes the areas of self-help enterprises, business and industrial development, and manpower programs. Organizational suggestions, sources of assistance, and federal programs are also considered. The appendices include a job description for the economic developer, case histories of self-help enterprises, case histories of business and industrial development, and case histories of manpower functions of the CAA. (SW)

The following programs are included: (1) Manpower Development and Training Act, (2) New Careers, (3) Vocational and Technical Education, (4) Work Incentive (WIN), (5) Neighborhood Youth Corps, (6) Demonstration Projects, and (7) Veterans Administration Training Assistance. Information about each program includes nature and purpose, national and local contacts, and activity to date in relation to the training of neighborhood residents for jobs in neighborhood health centers. (JK)

This guide for the development of training programs to prepare neighborhood residents to function as staff members in Comprehensive Health Services Projects is organized into an introduction and nine other sections. "A Special Training Program" discusses jobs and careers, learning style, practice, and basic skills. "Planning for the Training Program" discusses the development of job categories and assessment of community resources. "Recruitment and Selection" suggests approaches, emphasizes the importance of the recruitment of men, and considers the relevance of previous educational achievement. "Training Program" covers the phases of training: orientation, core training, skill training, on-the-job training, remediation, and counseling. "Schedules" discusses sequencing and integrating program phases and determining program length. "Training Supplements" discusses curriculum development and provisions for feedback. "Structure of the Training Program" discusses composition of the training staff and other resources for training such as other federal programs and colleges and universities. "Orientation of Professional Staff" treats content and approaches for inservice education. "Upward Mobility" discusses developing rungs in the career ladder and securing advanced training outside the center. (JK)

Published to stimulate local, state, and national groups to develop programs to assist the aged, this catalog presents information about federal grants-in-aid and basic service programs that serve the old, and about foundations and trusts, and national voluntary agencies supporting programs for the aged or willing to assist local groups organizing programs. Resources are given for financial assistance, food and clothing, housing, health services, nursing care, employment and training, small business loans and services, general education and recreation, consumer education, civil rights, veterans' programs, planning, facilities and staffing, programs for specific regions or special groups, and for rural areas and small towns. For each program listed descriptions include the nature and purpose of programs, form and extent of assistance, requirements for eligibility, and where to apply. Field offices and regional addresses of government agencies are given. There are two bibliographies. (aj)

Through the use of group interviews in which individuals were stimulated to interact on key questions, 100 applicants over the age of 45 and with incomes below the poverty standard were selected for training in two different 11-week training sessions. There were no requirements of education or experience. The first phase of the program was in a classroom-demonstration-discussion setting, the second phase in nursing homes, and the final phase in patients' homes. A basic education program was integrated with the vocational training. Eighty-three trainees successfully completed the course; of the 17 who did not finish, only two with reading levels of 3.7 and 4.6 respectively were terminated for lack of scholastic ability and were placed into basic education programs full- time in preparation for entry into a future home health aide class. A performance evaluation of 24 members of the first class who were employed immediately after graduation, indicated all were performing at a satisfactory level or above. Some recommendations are included. Economic costs and benefits are analyzed in the report and among attachments are a job description, a sample lesson plan, reports of group counseling meetings, a final course quiz, and a sample single lesson quiz, a performance checklist form, and a performance evaluation form. (JK)

Garland Junior College (Massachusetts) has developed a course of training for non-professional aides as auxiliary teaching personnel. As part of a trend toward liberalizing staffing patterns throughout the nation, it is expected to ease the shortage of teachers by relieving them of many routine classroom chores. A second purpose is to provide a career ladder for people from disadvantaged groups. Candidates, recruited through schools, social agencies, and community programs, are chosen less for academic success than for such qualities as sensitivity to children's needs, flexibility, interest in achievement, self-esteem, social adaptability, sense of responsibility and leadership, and acceptance of authority. An in-depth interview, with both oral and written questions, is used to discover these attributes. Ideally, the aide is placed in the local school system where the teachers participate in the training program, both as planners and as themselves trainees in the use of aides. Pre-service training takes two to eight weeks and includes workshops, laboratories, seminars, and discussion groups. The in-service training takes one year of supervised on-the-job work, along with workshops and seminars. The aide may work not only in the classroom, but also in the library, in counseling, and in similar areas. (HH)

THIS ISSUE OF THE JOURNAL, WHICH IS DEVOTED TO COMMUNITY ACTION PROGRAMS, CONTAINS INTERVIEWS, INFORMAL REPORTS, AND PUBLIC RELATIONS MATERIAL ABOUT THE TYPES OF PROGRAMS WHICH HAVE BEEN INSTITUTED BY THE OFFICE OF ECONOMIC OPPORTUNITY (OEO) FOR THE DISADVANTAGED POPULATION IN THE LOWER EAST SIDE SECTION OF NEW YORK CITY, PARTICULARLY DURING THE SUMMER OF 1967. THE TENSIONS IN THE COMMUNITY ARE DEPICTED THROUGH A CHRONOLOGICAL LOG INTERVIEW WITH A STAFF WORKER FROM MOBILIZATION FOR YOUTH, A LOCAL POVERTY PROGRAM, AS HE ATTEMPTS TO MEDIATE THE POTENTIALLY DANGEROUS COMMUNITY SITUATION. THERE ARE EXCERPTS FROM A TAPE RECORDED INTERVIEW WITH THE POVERTY WORKER AND A COMMUNITY RESIDENT AS THEY DISCUSS THE MOOD OF THE NEIGHBORHOOD DURING THIS PERIOD. THREE LOCAL SELF-HELP PROJECTS (SEWING CO-OP, FOOD BUYING CLUB, AND BUILDING REHABILITATION PROJECT) ARE DISCUSSED IN OTHER ARTICLES IN THE JOURNAL. ALL THREE OF THESE ARE ONGOING PROJECTS OF MOBILIZATION FOR YOUTH. ONE ARTICLE CONTAINS EXCERPTS OF AN INTERVIEW WITH SARGENT SHRIVER, DIRECTOR OF OEO, AND ANOTHER DESCRIBES A SUMMER WORK AND RECREATION PROGRAM FOR YOUTH IN YOUNGSTOWN, OHIO. A FINAL ARTICLE REPORTS AN OEO HEALTH SERVICE PROJECT IN BALTIMORE. THE PROJECT, RESPONDING TO THE ELDERLIES' ABILITIES AND SICKNESS OTHERWISE NEGLECTED (REASON), ATTEMPTS TO AID THE ELDERLY FIND JOBS AND USE AVAILABLE COMMUNITY HEALTH SERVICES. (DK)

IN THIS HANDBOOK PROCEDURES FOR THE DESIGNATION, RECOGNITION, AND STRUCTURE OF COMMUNITY ACTION AGENCIES UNDER SECTIONS 210 AND 211 OF THE ECONOMIC OPPORTUNITY ACT, AS AMENDED BY THE ECONOMIC OPPORTUNITY AMENDMENTS OF 1967 ARE OUTLINED. ADDITIONAL POLICIES REQUIRED BY THE 1967 AMENDMENTS WILL BE ISSUED IN THE FUTURE. DETAILED TIMETABLES FOR COMPLIANCE WITH THE REQUIREMENTS OF THE ACT HAVE BEEN CONSOLIDATED IN A LIST OF IMPORTANT DATES IN THE FRONT OF THE HANDBOOK. ALSO INCLUDED ARE--ORGANIZATION CHARTS OF COMMUNITY ACTION AGENCY STRUCTURE, INSTRUCTIONS FOR FORMING COMMUNITY ACTION AGENCIES AND BOARDS, COMMUNITY ACTION MEMORANDUM 80, "DESIGNATION AND RECOGNITION OF COMMUNITY ACTION AGENCIES UNDER THE 1967 AMENDMENTS TO THE ECONOMIC OPPORTUNITY ACT," AND MEMORANDUM 81,"ORGANIZATION OF COMMUNITY ACTION AGENCY BOARDS AND COMMITTEES UNDER THE 1967 AMENDMENTS TO THE ECONOMIC OPPORTUNITY ACT." APPENDIXES ARE EXCERPTS FROM THE 1967 AMENDMENTS, SAMPLE FORMS FOR APPLICATION, DESIGNATION, AND RECOGNITION OF A COMMUNITY ACTION AGENCY, AND LISTS OF OFFICE OF ECONOMIC OPPORTUNITY REGIONAL OFFICES AND JURISDICTIONS. THIS DOCUMENT, O-289-849, ORDER NO. PREX10.8-C73-2, IS AVAILABLE FROM THE U.S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE, WASHINGTON, D.C. 132 PAGES. (AJ)