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1. SOXS NIR: Optomechanical integration and alignment, optical performance verification before full instrument assembly

Author

Genoni, M., Aliverti, M., Pariani, G., Oggioni, L., Vitali, F., D'Alessio, F., D'Avanzo, P., Campana, S., Munari, M., Sanchez, R. Zanmar, Scaudo, A., Landoni, M., Young, D., Scuderi, S., Schipani, P., Riva, M., Claudi, R., Radhakrishnan, K., Battaini, F., Rubin, A., Baruffolo, A., Capasso, G., Cosentino, R., Hershko, O., Kuncarayakti, H., Pignata, G., Ben-Ami, S., Brucalassi, A., Achren, J., Araiza-Duran, J. A., Arcavi, I., Asquini, L., Bruch, R., Cappellaro, E., Colapietro, M., Della Valle, M., De Pascale, M., Di Benedetto, R., D'Orsi, S., Gal-Yam, A., Diaz, M. Hernandez, Kotilainen, J., Causi, G. Li, Marty, L., Mattila, S., Rappaport, M., Ricci, D., Salasnich, B., Smartt, S., Stritzinger, M., and Ventura, H.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics
Abstract

This paper presents the opto-mechanical integration and alignment, functional and optical performance verification of the NIR arm of Son Of X-Shooter (SOXS) instrument. SOXS will be a single object spectroscopic facility for the ESO-NTT 3.6-m telescope, made by two arms high efficiency spectrographs, able to cover the spectral range 350 2050 nm with a mean resolving power R~4500. In particular the NIR arm is a cryogenic echelle cross-dispersed spectrograph spanning the 780-2050 nm range. We describe the integration and alignment method performed to assemble the different opto-mechanical elements and their installation on the NIR vacuum vessel, which mostly relies on mechanical characterization. The tests done to assess the image quality, linear dispersion and orders trace in laboratory conditions are summarized. The full optical performance verification, namely echellogram format, image quality and resulting spectral resolving power in the whole NIR arm (optical path and science detector) is detailed. Such verification is one of the most relevant prerequisites for the subsequent full instrument assembly and provisional acceptance in Europe milestone, foreseen in 2024., Comment: SPIE Proceedings Volume 13096, Ground-based and Airborne Instrumentation for Astronomy X; 130962T (2024)

Published
2024
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2. ANDES, the high resolution spectrograph for the ELT: science goals, project overview and future developments

Author

Marconi, A., Abreu, M., Adibekyan, V., Alberti, V., Albrecht, S., Alcaniz, J., Aliverti, M., Prieto, C. Allende, Gómez, J. D. Alvarado, Alves, C. S., Amado, P. J., Amate, M., Andersen, M. I., Antoniucci, S., Artigau, E., Bailet, C., Baker, C., Baldini, V., Balestra, A., Barnes, S. A., Baron, F., Barros, S. C. C., Bauer, S. M., Beaulieu, M., Bellido-Tirado, O., Benneke, B., Bensby, T., Bergin, E. A., Berio, P., Biazzo, K., Bigot, L., Bik, A., Birkby, J. L., Blind, N., Boebion, O., Boisse, I., Bolmont, E., Bolton, J. S., Bonaglia, M., Bonfils, X., Bonhomme, L., Borsa, F., Bouret, J. -C., Brandeker, A., Brandner, W., Broeg, C. H., Brogi, M., Brousseau, D., Brucalassi, A., Brynnel, J., Buchhave, L. A., Buscher, D. F., Cabona, L., Cabral, A., Calderone, G., Calvo-Ortega, R., Cantalloube, F., Martins, B. L. Canto, Carbonaro, L., Caujolle, Y., Chauvin, G., Chazelas, B., Cheffot, A. -L., Cheng, Y. S., Chiavassa, A., Christensen, L., Cirami, R., Cirasuolo, M., Cook, N. J., Cooke, R. J., Coretti, I., Covino, S., Cowan, N., Cresci, G., Cristiani, S., Parro, V. Cunha, Cupani, G., D'Odorico, V., Dadi, K., Leão, I. de Castro, De Cia, A., De Medeiros, J. R., Debras, F., Debus, M., Delorme, A., Demangeon, O., Derie, F., Dessauges-Zavadsky, M., Di Marcantonio, P., Di Stefano, S., Dionies, F., de Souza, A. Domiciano, Doyon, R., Dunn, J., Egner, S., Ehrenreich, D., Faria, J. P., Ferruzzi, D., Feruglio, C., Fisher, M., Fontana, A., Frank, B. S., Fuesslein, C., Fumagalli, M., Fusco, T., Fynbo, J., Gabella, O., Gaessler, W., Gallo, E., Gao, X., Genolet, L., Genoni, M., Giacobbe, P., Giro, E., Goncalves, R. S., Gonzalez, O. A., Hernández, J. I. González, Gouvret, C., Temich, F. Gracia, Haehnelt, M. G., Haniff, C., Hatzes, A., Helled, R., Hoeijmakers, H. J., Hughes, I., Huke, P., Ivanisenko, Y., Järvinen, A. S., Järvinen, S. P., Kaminski, A., Kern, J., Knoche, J., Kordt, A., Korhonen, H., Korn, A. J., Kouach, D., Kowzan, G., Kreidberg, L., Landoni, M., Lanotte, A. A., Lavail, A., Lavie, B., Lee, D., Lehmitz, M., Li, J., Li, W., Liske, J., Lovis, C., Lucatello, S., Lunney, D., MacIntosh, M. J., Madhusudhan, N., Magrini, L., Maiolino, R., Maldonado, J., Malo, L., Man, A. W. S., Marquart, T., Marques, C. M. J., Marques, E. L., Martinez, P., Martins, A., Martins, C. J. A. P., Martins, J. H. C., Maslowski, P., Mason, C. A., Mason, E., McCracken, R. A., Sousa, M. A. F. Melo e, Mergo, P., Micela, G., Milaković, D., Molliere, P., Monteiro, M. A., Montgomery, D., Mordasini, C., Morin, J., Mucciarelli, A., Murphy, M. T., N'Diaye, M., Nardetto, N., Neichel, B., Neri, N., Niedzielski, A. T., Niemczura, E., Nisini, B., Nortmann, L., Noterdaeme, P., Nunes, N. J., Oggioni, L., Olchewsky, F., Oliva, E., Onel, H., Origlia, L., Ostlin, G., Ouellette, N. N. -Q., Palle, E., Papaderos, P., Pariani, G., Pasquini, L., Castro, J. Peñate, Pepe, F., Peroux, C., Levasseur, L. Perreault, Perruchot, S., Petit, P., Pfuhl, O., Pino, L., Piqueras, J., Piskunov, N., Pollo, A., Poppenhaeger, K., Porru, M., Puschnig, J., Quirrenbach, A., Rauscher, E., Rebolo, R., Redaelli, E. M. A., Reffert, S., Reid, D. T., Reiners, A., Richter, P., Riva, M., Rivoire, S., Rodriguez-López, C., Roederer, I. U., Romano, D., Roth, M., Rousseau, S., Rowe, J., Saccardi, A., Salvadori, S., Sanna, N., Santos, N. C., Diaz, P. Santos, Sanz-Forcada, J., Sarajlic, M., Sauvage, J. -F., Savio, D., Scaudo, A, Schäfer, S., Schiavon, R. P., Schmidt, T. M., Selmi, C., Simoes, R., Simonnin, A., Sivanandam, S., Sordet, M., Sordo, R., Sortino, F., Sosnowska, D., Sousa, S. G., Spang, A., Spiga, R., Stempels, E., Stevenson, J. R. Y., Strassmeier, K. G., Mascareño, A. Suárez, Sulich, A., Sun, X., Tanvir, N. R., Tenegi-Sangines, F., Thibault, S., Thompson, S. J., Tisserand, P., Tozzi, A., Turbet, M., Veran, J. -P., Vallee, P., Vanni, I., Varas, R., Vega-Moreno, A., Venn, K. A., Verma, A., Vernet, J., Viel, M., Wade, G., Waring, C., Weber, M., Weder, J., Wehbe, B., Weingrill, J., Woche, M., Xompero, M., Zackrisson, E., Zanutta, A., Osorio, M. R. Zapatero, Zechmeister, M., and Zimara, J.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics
Abstract

The first generation of ELT instruments includes an optical-infrared high-resolution spectrograph, indicated as ELT-HIRES and recently christened ANDES (ArmazoNes high Dispersion Echelle Spectrograph). ANDES consists of three fibre-fed spectrographs ([U]BV, RIZ, YJH) providing a spectral resolution of $\sim$100,000 with a minimum simultaneous wavelength coverage of 0.4-1.8 $\mu$m with the goal of extending it to 0.35-2.4 $\mu$m with the addition of a U arm to the BV spectrograph and a separate K band spectrograph. It operates both in seeing- and diffraction-limited conditions and the fibre feeding allows several, interchangeable observing modes including a single conjugated adaptive optics module and a small diffraction-limited integral field unit in the NIR. Modularity and fibre-feeding allow ANDES to be placed partly on the ELT Nasmyth platform and partly in the Coud\'e room. ANDES has a wide range of groundbreaking science cases spanning nearly all areas of research in astrophysics and even fundamental physics. Among the top science cases, there are the detection of biosignatures from exoplanet atmospheres, finding the fingerprints of the first generation of stars, tests on the stability of Nature's fundamental couplings, and the direct detection of the cosmic acceleration. The ANDES project is carried forward by a large international consortium, composed of 35 Institutes from 13 countries, forming a team of almost 300 scientists and engineers which include the majority of the scientific and technical expertise in the field that can be found in ESO member states., Comment: SPIE astronomical telescope and instrumentation 2024, in press

Published
2024

3. CUBES: a UV spectrograph for the future

Author

Covino, S., Cristiani, S., Alcala', J. M., Alencar, S. H. P., Balashev, S. A., Barbuy, B., Bastian, N., Battino, U., Bissell, L., Bristow, P., Calcines, A., Calderone, G., Cambianica, P., Carini, R., Carter, B., Cassisi, S., Castilho, B. V., Cescutti, G., Christlieb, N., Cirami, R., Conzelmann, R., Coretti, I., Cooke, R., Cremonese, G., Cunha, K., Cupani, G., da Silva, A. R., D'Auria, D., De Caprio, V., De Cia, A., Dekker, H., D'Elia, V., De Silva, G., Diaz, M., Di Marcantonio, P., D'Odorico, V., Ernandes, H., Evans, C., Fitzsimmons, A., Franchini, M., Gaensicke, B., Genoni, M., Giribaldi, R. E., Gneiding, C., Grazian, A., Hansen, C. J., Hopgood, J., Kosmalski, J., La Forgia, F., La Penna, P., Landoni, M., Lazzarin, M., Lunney, D., Maciel, W., Marcolino, W., Marconi, M., Migliorini, A., Miller, C., Modigliani, A., Noterdaeme, P., Oggioni, L., Opitom, C., Pariani, G., Pilecki, B., Piranomonte, S., Quirrenbach, A., Redaelli, E. M. A., Pereira, C. B., Randich, S., Rossi, S., Sanchez-Janssen, R., Schoeller, M., Seifert, W., Smiljanic, R., Snodgrass, C., Squalli, O., Stilz, I., Stuermer, J., Trost, A., Vanzella, E., Ventura, P., Verducci, O., Waring, C., Watson, S., Wells, M., Wright, D., Zafar, T., Zanutta, A., and Zins, G.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics
Abstract

In spite of the advent of extremely large telescopes in the UV/optical/NIR range, the current generation of 8-10m facilities is likely to remain competitive at ground-UV wavelengths for the foreseeable future. The Cassegrain U-Band Efficient Spectrograph (CUBES) has been designed to provide high-efficiency (>40%) observations in the near UV (305-400 nm requirement, 300-420 nm goal) at a spectral resolving power of R>20,000, although a lower-resolution, sky-limited mode of R ~ 7,000 is also planned. CUBES will offer new possibilities in many fields of astrophysics, providing access to key lines of stellar spectra: a tremendous diversity of iron-peak and heavy elements, lighter elements (in particular Beryllium) and light-element molecules (CO, CN, OH), as well as Balmer lines and the Balmer jump (particularly important for young stellar objects). The UV range is also critical in extragalactic studies: the circumgalactic medium of distant galaxies, the contribution of different types of sources to the cosmic UV background, the measurement of H2 and primordial Deuterium in a regime of relatively transparent intergalactic medium, and follow-up of explosive transients. The CUBES project completed a Phase A conceptual design in June 2021 and has now entered the Phase B dedicated to detailed design and construction. First science operations are planned for 2028. In this paper, we briefly describe the CUBES project development and goals, the main science cases, the instrument design and the project organization and management., Comment: Proceedings for the HACK100 conference, Trieste, June 2022. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:2208.01672

Published
2022

4. From Assembly to the Complete Integration and Verification of the SOXS Common Path

Author

Santhakumari, Kalyan Kumar Radhakrishnan, Battaini, Federico, Claudi, Riccardo, Slemer, Alessandra, Biondi, F., Munari, M., Sanchez, R. Z., Aliverti, M., Oggioni, L., Colapietro, M., Ricci, D., Lessio, L., Dima, M., Marafatto, L., Farinato, J., Campana, S., Schipani, P., DOrsi, S., Salasnich, B., Baruffolo, A., Ami, S. Ben, Capasso, G., Cosentino, R., Alessio, F. D, DAvanzo, P., Hershko, O., Kuncarayakti, H., Landoni, M., Pignata, G., Rubin, A., Scuderi, S., Vitali, F., Young, D., Achrn, J., Durn, Jos Antonio Araiza, Arcavi, I., Brucalassi, Anna, Bruch, R., Cappellaro, Enrico, Della Valle, M., Di Benedetto, R., Yam, A. Gal, Genoni, Matteo, Hernandez, M., Kotilainen, J., Causi, G. Li, Marty, L., Mattila, S., Rappaport, Michael, Riva, M., Smartt, S., Stritzingerv, M., and Venturae, H.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics
Abstract

The Son Of X-Shooter (SOXS) is a single object spectrograph offering simultaneous spectral coverage in UV-VIS (350-850 nm) and NIR (800-2000 nm) wavelength regimes with an average of R close to 4500 for a 1 slit. SOXS also has imaging capabilities in the visible wavelength regime. It is designed and optimized to observe all kinds of transients and variable sources. The final destination of SOXS is the Nasmyth platform of the ESO NTT at La Silla, Chile. The SOXS consortium has a relatively large geographic spread, and therefore the Assembly Integration and Verification (AIV) of this medium-class instrument follows a modular approach. Each of the five main sub-systems of SOXS, namely the Common Path, the Calibration Unit, the Acquisition Camera, the UV-VIS Spectrograph, and the NIR Spectrograph, are undergoing (or undergone) internal alignment and testing in the respective consortium institutes. INAF-Osservatorio Astronomico di Padova delivers the Common Path sub-system, the backbone of the entire instrument. We report the Common Path internal alignment starting from the assembly of the individual components to the final testing of the optical quality, and the efficiency of the complete sub-system., Comment: 8 pages, 8 figures, SPIE conference proceeding

Published
2022
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5. SOXS mechanical integration and verification in Italy

Author

Aliverti, M., Battaini, F., Radhakrishnan, K., Genoni, M., Pariani, G., Oggioni, L., Hershko, O., Colapietro, M., D'Orsi, S., Brucalassi, A ., Pignata, G., Kuncarayakti, H., Campana, S ., Claudi, R., Schipani, P., Achrén, J ., Duranm, J. A. Araiza, Arcavi, I., Baruffolo, A., Ami, S. Ben, Bruch, R ., Capasso, G., Cappellaro, E., Cosentino, R., D'Alessio, F., D'Avanzo, P., Della Valle, M ., De Pascale, M ., Di Benedetto, R., Yam, A . Gal, Hernandez, M., Kotilainen, J., Landoni, M., Causi, G . Li, Mattila, S., Munari, M., Rappaport, M., Redaelli, K. E. M. A., Ricci, D., Riva, M., Rubin, A., Salasnich, B ., Smartt, S., Sanchez, R. Zanmar, Scuderi, S., Stritzinger, M ., Ventura, E., Vitali, F., and Young, D.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics
Abstract

SOXS (SOn of X-Shooter) is a medium resolution (~4500) wide-band (0.35 - 2.0 {\mu}m) spectrograph which passed the Final Design Review in 2018. The instrument is in the final integration phase and it is planned to be installed at the NTT in La Silla by next year. It is mainly composed of five different optomechanical subsystems (Common Path, NIR spectrograph, UV-VIS spectrograph, Camera, and Calibration) and other mechanical subsystems (Interface flange, Platform, cable corotator, and cooling system). A brief overview of the optomechanical subsystems is presented here as more details can be found in the specific proceedings while a more comprehensive discussion is dedicated to the other mechanical subsystems and the tools needed for the integration of the instrument. Moreover, the results obtained during the acceptance of the various mechanical elements are presented together with the experiments performed to validate the functionality of the subsystems. Finally, the mechanical integration procedure is shown here, along with all the modifications applied to correct the typical problems happening in this phase., Comment: arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:2012.12693

Published
2022
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6. Manufacturing, integration, and mechanical verification of SOXS

Author

Aliverti, M., Oggioni, L., Genoni, M., Pariani, G., Hershko, O., Brucalassi, A., Pignata, G., Kuncarayakti, H., Sanchez, R. Zanmar, Munari, M., Campana, S., Schipani, P., Claudi, R., Baruffolo, A., Ben-Ami, S., Biondi, F., Capasso, G., Cosentino, R., D'Alessio, F., D'Avanzo, P., Landoni, M., Rubin, A., Scuderi, S., Vitali, F., Young, D., Achrén, J., Araiza-Duran, J. A., Arcavi, I., Bruch, R., Cappellaro, E., Colapietro, M., Della Valle, M., De Pascale, M., Di Benedetto, R., D'Orsi, S., Gal-Yam, A., Hernandez, M., Kotilainen, J., Causi, G. Li, Mattila, S., Rappaport, M., Radhakrishnan, K., Redaelli, E. M. A., Ricci, D., Riva, M., Salasnich, B., Smartt, S., Stritzinger, M., and Ventura, E.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics
Abstract

SOXS (Son Of X-Shooter) is a medium resolution (~4500) wide-band (0.35 - 2.0 {\mu}m) spectrograph which passed the Final Design Review in 2018. The instrument is planned to be installed at the NTT in La Silla and it is mainly composed by five different optomechanical subsystems (Common Path, NIR spectrograph, UV-VIS spectrograph, Camera, and Calibration) and other mechanical subsystems (Interface flange, Platform, cable corotator, and cooling). It is currently in the procurement and integration phase. In this paper we present the post-FDR modifications in the mechanical design due to the various iterations with the manufacturers and the actual procurement status. The last part describes the strategy used to keep under control the mechanical interfaces between the subsystems.

Published
2020

7. ESPRESSO high resolution transmission spectroscopy of WASP-76b

Author

Tabernero, H. M., Osorio, M. R. Zapatero, Allart, R., Borsa, F., Casasayas-Barris, N., Demangeon, O., Ehrenreich, D., Lillo-Box, J., Lovis, C., Pallé, E., Sousa, S. G., Rebolo, R., Santos, N. C., Pepe, F., Cristiani, S., Adibekyan, V., Prieto, C. Allende, Alibert, Yann, Barros, S. C. C., Bouchy, F., Bourrier, V., D'Odorico, V., Dumusque, X., Faria, J. P., Figueira, P., Santos, R. Génova, Hernández, J. I. González, Hojjatpanah, S., Curto, G. Lo, Lavie, B., Martins, C. J. A. P., Martins, J. H. C., Mehner, A., Micela, G., Molaro, P., Nunes, N. J., Poretti, E., Seidel, J. V., Sozzetti, A., Mascareño, A. Suárez, Udry, S., Aliverti, M., Affolter, M., Alves, D., Amate, M., Avila, G., Bandy, T., Benz, W., Bianco, A., Broeg, C., Cabral, A., Conconi, P., Coelho, J., Cumani, C., Deiries, S., Dekker, H., Delabre, B., Fragoso, A., Genoni, M., Genolet, L., Hughes, I., Knudstrup, J., Kerber, F., Landoni, M., Lizon, J. L., Maire, C., Manescau, A., Di Marcantonio, P., Mégevand, D., Monteiro, M., Moschetti, M., Mueller, E., Modigliani, A., Oggioni, L., Oliveira, A., Pariani, G., Pasquini, L., Rasilla, J. L., Redaelli, E., Riva, M., Santana-Tschudi, S., Santin, P., Santos, P., Segovia, A., Sosnowska, D., Spanò, P., Tenegi, F., Iwert, O., Zanutta, A., and Zerbi, F.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics
Abstract

Aims. We report on ESPRESSO high-resolution transmission spectroscopic observations of two primary transits of the highly-irradiated, ultra-hot Jupiter-size planet WASP-76b. We investigate the presence of several key atomic and molecular features of interest that may reveal the atmospheric properties of the planet. Methods. We extracted two transmission spectra of WASP-76b with R approx 140,000 using a procedure that allowed us to process the full ESPRESSO wavelength range (3800-7880 A) simultaneously. We observed that at a high signal-to-noise ratio, the continuum of ESPRESSO spectra shows wiggles that are likely caused by an interference pattern outside the spectrograph. To search for the planetary features, we visually analysed the extracted transmission spectra and cross-correlated the observations against theoretical spectra of different atomic and molecular species. Results. The following atomic features are detected: Li I, Na I, Mg I, Ca II, Mn I, K I, and Fe I. All are detected with a confidence level between 9.2 sigma (Na I) and 2.8 sigma (Mg I). We did not detect the following species: Ti I, Cr I, Ni I, TiO, VO, and ZrO. We impose the following 1 sigma upper limits on their detectability: 60, 77, 122, 6, 8, and 8 ppm, respectively. Conclusions. We report the detection of Li I on WASP-76b for the first time. In addition, we found the presence of Na I and Fe I as previously reported in the literature. We show that the procedure employed in this work can detect features down to the level of ~ 0.1 % in the transmission spectrum and ~ 10 ppm by means of a cross-correlation method. We discuss the presence of neutral and singly ionised features in the atmosphere of WASP-76b., Comment: 20 pages, 19 figures, accepted for publication in Astronomy and Astrophysics

Published
2020
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8. ESPRESSO@VLT -- On-sky performance and first results

Author

Pepe, F., Cristiani, S., Rebolo, R., Santos, N. C., Dekker, H., Cabral, A., Di Marcantonio, P., Figueira, P., Curto, G. Lo, Lovis, C., Mayor, M., Mégevand, D., Molaro, P., Riva, M., Osorio, M. R. Zapatero, Amate, M., Manescau, A., Pasquini, L., Zerbi, F. M., Adibekyan, V., Abreu, M., Affolter, M., Alibert, Y., Aliverti, M., Allart, R., Prieto, C. Allende, Álvarez, D., Alves, D., Avila, G., Baldini, V., Bandy, T., Barros, S. C. C., Benz, W., Bianco, A., Borsa, F., Bourrier, V., Bouchy, F., Broeg, C., Calderone, G., Cirami, R., Coelho, J., Conconi, P., Coretti, I., Cumani, C., Cupani, G., D'Odorico, V., Damasso, M., Deiries, S., Delabre, B., Demangeon, O. D. S., Dumusque, X., Ehrenreich, D., Faria, J. P., Fragoso, A., Genolet, L., Genoni, M., Santos, R. Génova, Hernández, J. I. González, Hughes, I., Iwert, O., Kerber, F., Knudstrup, J., Landoni, M., Lavie, B., Lillo-Box, J., Lizon, J. -L., Maire, C., Martins, C. J . A. P., Mehner, A., Micela, G., Modigliani, A., Monteiro, M. A., Monteiro, M. J. P. F. G., Moschetti, M., Murphy, M. T., Nunes, N., Oggioni, L., Oliveira, A., Oshagh, M., Pallé, E., Pariani, G., Poretti, E., Rasilla, J. L., Rebordão, J., Redaelli, E. M., Tschudi, S. Santana, Santin, P., Santos, P., Ségransan, D., Schmidt, T. M., Segovia, A., Sosnowska, D., Sozzetti, A., Sousa, S. G., Spanò, P., Mascareño, A. Suárez, Tabernero, H., Tenegi, F., Udry, S., and Zanutta, A.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics
Abstract

ESPRESSO is the new high-resolution spectrograph of ESO's Very-Large Telescope (VLT). It was designed for ultra-high radial-velocity precision and extreme spectral fidelity with the aim of performing exoplanet research and fundamental astrophysical experiments with unprecedented precision and accuracy. It is able to observe with any of the four Unit Telescopes (UT) of the VLT at a spectral resolving power of 140,000 or 190,000 over the 378.2 to 788.7 nm wavelength range, or with all UTs together, turning the VLT into a 16-m diameter equivalent telescope in terms of collecting area, while still providing a resolving power of 70,000. We provide a general description of the ESPRESSO instrument, report on the actual on-sky performance, and present our Guaranteed-Time Observation (GTO) program with its first results. ESPRESSO was installed on the Paranal Observatory in fall 2017. Commissioning (on-sky testing) was conducted between December 2017 and September 2018. The instrument saw its official start of operations on October 1st, 2018, but improvements to the instrument and re-commissioning runs were conducted until July 2019. The measured overall optical throughput of ESPRESSO at 550 nm and a seeing of 0.65 arcsec exceeds the 10% mark under nominal astro-climatic conditions. We demonstrate a radial-velocity precision of better than 25 cm/s during one night and 50 cm/s over several months. These values being limited by photon noise and stellar jitter show that the performanceis compatible with an instrumental precision of 10 cm/s. No difference has been measured across the UTs neither in throughput nor RV precision. The combination of the large collecting telescope area with the efficiency and the exquisite spectral fidelity of ESPRESSO opens a new parameter space in RV measurements, the study of planetary atmospheres, fundamental constants, stellar characterisation and many other fields., Comment: 26 pages, 28 figures

Published
2020
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9. A precise architecture characterization of the $\pi$ Men planetary system

Author

Damasso, M., Sozzetti, A., Lovis, C., Barros, S. C. C., Sousa, S. G., Demangeon, O. D. S., Faria, J. P., Lillo-Box, J., Cristiani, S., Pepe, F., Rebolo, R., Santos, N. C., Osorio, M. R. Zapatero, Hernández, J. I. González, Amate, M., Pasquini, L., Zerbi, F. M., Adibekyan, V., Abreu, M., Affolter, M., Alibert, Y., Aliverti, M., Allart, R., Prieto, C. Allende, Álvarez, D., Alves, D., Avila, G., Baldini, V., Bandy, T., Benz, W., Bianco, A., Borsa, F., Bossini, D., Bourrier, V., Bouchy, F., Broeg, C., Cabral, A., Calderone, G., Cirami, R., Coelho, J., Conconi, P., Coretti, I., Cumani, C., Cupani, G., D'Odorico, V., Deiries, S., Dekker, H., Delabre, B., Di Marcantonio, P., Dumusque, X., Ehrenreich, D., Figueira, P., Fragoso, A., Genolet, L., Genoni, M., Santos, R. Génova, Hughes, I., Iwert, O., Kerber, F., Knudstrup, J., Landoni, M., Lavie, B., Lizon, J. -L., Curto, G. Lo, Maire, C., Martins, C. J . A. P., Mégevand, D., Mehner, A., Micela, G., Modigliani, A., Molaro, P., Monteiro, M. A., Monteiro, M. J. P. F. G., Moschetti, M., Mueller, E., Murphy, M. T., Nunes, N., Oggioni, L., Oliveira, A., Oshagh, M., Pallé, E., Pariani, G., Poretti, E., Rasilla, J. L., Rebordão, J., Redaelli, E. M., Riva, M., Tschudi, S. Santana, Santin, P., Santos, P., Ségransan, D., Schmidt, T. M., Segovia, A., Sosnowska, D., Spanò, P., Mascareño, A. Suárez, Tabernero, H., Tenegi, F., Udry, S., and Zanutta, A.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics
Abstract

The bright star $\pi$ Men was chosen as the first target for a radial velocity follow-up to test the performance of ESPRESSO, the new high-resolution spectrograph at the ESO's Very-Large Telescope (VLT). The star hosts a multi-planet system (a transiting 4 M$_\oplus$ planet at $\sim$0.07 au, and a sub-stellar companion on a $\sim$2100-day eccentric orbit) which is particularly appealing for a precise multi-technique characterization. With the new ESPRESSO observations, that cover a time span of 200 days, we aim to improve the precision and accuracy of the planet parameters and search for additional low-mass companions. We also take advantage of new photometric transits of $\pi$ Men c observed by TESS over a time span that overlaps with that of the ESPRESSO follow-up campaign. We analyse the enlarged spectroscopic and photometric datasets and compare the results to those in the literature. We further characterize the system by means of absolute astrometry with Hipparcos and Gaia. We used the spectra of ESPRESSO for an independent determination of the stellar fundamental parameters. We present a precise characterization of the planetary system around $\pi$ Men. The ESPRESSO radial velocities alone (with typical uncertainty of 10 cm/s) allow for a precise retrieval of the Doppler signal induced by $\pi$ Men c. The residuals show an RMS of 1.2 m/s, and we can exclude companions with a minimum mass less than $\sim$2 M$_\oplus$ within the orbit of $\pi$ Men c). We improve the ephemeris of $\pi$ Men c using 18 additional TESS transits, and in combination with the astrometric measurements, we determine the inclination of the orbital plane of $\pi$ Men b with high precision ($i_{b}=45.8^{+1.4}_{-1.1}$ deg). This leads to the precise measurement of its absolute mass $m_{b}=14.1^{+0.5}_{-0.4}$ M$_{Jup}$, and shows that the planetary orbital planes are highly misaligned., Comment: Accepted for publication on A&A

Published
2020
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10. Characterization of the K2-38 planetary system. Unraveling one of the densest planets known to date

Author

Toledo-Padrón, B., Lovis, C., Mascareño, A. Suárez, Barros, S. C. C., Hernández, J. I. González, Sozzetti, A., Bouchy, F., Osorio, M. R. Zapatero, Rebolo, R., Cristiani, S., Pepe, F. A., Santos, N. C., Sousa, S. G., Tabernero, H. M., Lillo-Box, J., Bossini, D., Adibekyan, V., Allart, R., Damasso, M., D'Odorico, V., Figueira, P., Lavie, B., Curto, G. Lo, Mehner, A., Micela, G., Modigliani, A., Nunes, N. J., Pallé, E., Abreu, M., Affolter, M., Alibert, Y., Aliverti, M., Prieto, C. Allende, Alves, D., Amate, M., Avila, G., Baldini, V., Bandy, T., Benatti, S., Benz, W., Bianco, A., Broeg, C., Cabral, A., Calderone, G., Cirami, R., Coelho, J., Conconi, P., Coretti, I., Cumani, C., Cupani, G., Deiries, S., Dekker, H., Delabre, B., Demangeon, O., Di Marcantonio, P., Ehrenreich, D., Fragoso, A., Genolet, L., Genoni, M., Santos, R. Génova, Hughes, I., Iwert, O., Knudstrup, J., Landoni, M., Lizon, J. L., Maire, C., Manescau, A., Martins, C. J. A. P., Mégevand, D., Molaro, P., Monteiro, M. J. P. F. G., Monteiro, M. A., Moschetti, M., Mueller, E., Oggioni, L., Oliveira, A., Oshagh, M., Pariani, G., Pasquini, L., Poretti, E., Rasilla, J. L., Redaelli, E., Riva, M., Tschudi, S. Santana, Santin, P., Santos, P., Segovia, A., Sosnowska, D., Spanò, P., Tenegi, F., Udry, S., Zanutta, A., and Zerbi, F.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics
Abstract

We characterized the transiting planetary system orbiting the G2V star K2-38 using the new-generation echelle spectrograph ESPRESSO. We carried out a photometric analysis of the available K2 photometric light curve of this star to measure the radius of its two known planets. Using 43 ESPRESSO high-precision radial velocity measurements taken over the course of 8 months along with the 14 previously published HIRES RV measurements, we modeled the orbits of the two planets through a MCMC analysis, significantly improving their mass measurements. Using ESPRESSO spectra, we derived the stellar parameters, $T_{\rm eff}$=5731$\pm$66, $\log g$=4.38$\pm$0.11~dex, and $[Fe/H]$=0.26$\pm$0.05~dex, and thus the mass and radius of K2-38, $M_{\star}$=1.03 $^{+0.04}_{-0.02}$~M$_{\oplus}$ and $R_{\star}$=1.06 $^{+0.09}_{-0.06}$~R$_{\oplus}$. We determine new values for the planetary properties of both planets. We characterize K2-38b as a super-Earth with $R_{\rm P}$=1.54$\pm$0.14~R$_{\rm \oplus}$ and $M_{\rm p}$=7.3$^{+1.1}_{-1.0}$~M$_{\oplus}$, and K2-38c as a sub-Neptune with $R_{\rm P}$=2.29$\pm$0.26~R$_{\rm \oplus}$ and $M_{\rm p}$=8.3$^{+1.3}_{-1.3}$~M$_{\oplus}$. We derived a mean density of $\rho_{\rm p}$=11.0$^{+4.1}_{-2.8}$~g cm$^{-3}$ for K2-38b and $\rho_{\rm p}$=3.8$^{+1.8}_{-1.1}$~g~cm$^{-3}$ for K2-38c, confirming K2-38b as one of the densest planets known to date. The best description for the composition of K2-38b comes from an iron-rich Mercury-like model, while K2-38c is better described by a rocky model with a H2 envelope. The maximum collision stripping boundary shows how giant impacts could be the cause for the high density of K2-38b. The irradiation received by each planet places them on opposite sides of the radius valley. We find evidence of a long-period signal in the radial velocity time-series whose origin could be linked to a 0.25-3~M$_{\rm J}$ planet or stellar activity., Comment: 16 pages, 14 figures

Published
2020
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11. Revisiting Proxima with ESPRESSO

Author

Mascareño, A. Suárez, Faria, J. P., Figueira, P., Lovis, C., Damasso, M., Hernández, J. I. González, Rebolo, R., Cristiano, S., Pepe, F., Santos, N. C., Osorio, M. R. Zapatero, Adibekyan, V., Hojjatpanah, S., Sozzetti, A., Murgas, F., Abreo, M., Affolter, M., Alibert, Y., Aliverti, M., Allart, R., Prieto, C. Allende, Alves, D., Amate, M., Avila, G., Baldini, V., Bandi, T., Barros, S. C. C., Bianco, A., Benz, W., Bouchy, F., Broeng, C., Cabral, A., Calderone, G., Cirami, R., Coelho, J., Conconi, P., Coretti, I., Cumani, C., Cupani, G., D'Odorico, V., Deiries, S., Delabre, B., Di Marcantonio, P., Dumusque, X., Ehrenreich, D., Fragoso, A., Genolet, L., Genoni, M., Santos, R. Génova, Hughes, I., Iwert, O., Ferber, K., Knusdrtrup, J., Landoni, M., Lavie, B., Lillo-Box, J., Lizon, J., Curto, G. Lo, Maire, C., Manescau, A., Martins, C. J. A. P., Mégevand, D., Mehner, A., Micela, G., Modigliani, A., Molaro, P., Monteiro, M. A., Monteiro, M. J. P. F. G., Moschetti, M., Mueller, E., Nunes, N. J., Oggioni, L., Oliveira, A., Pallé, E., Pariani, G., Pasquini, L., Poretti, E., Rasilla, J. L., Redaelli, E., Riva, M., Tschudi, S. Santana, Santin, P., Santos, P., Segovia, A., Sosnoswska, D., Sousa, S., Spanò, P., Tenegi, F., Udry, S., Zanutta, A., and Zerbi, F.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics
Abstract

We aim to confirm the presence of Proxima b using independent measurements obtained with the new ESPRESSO spectrograph, and refine the planetary parameters taking advantage of its improved precision. We analysed 63 spectroscopic ESPRESSO observations of Proxima taken during 2019. We obtained radial velocity measurements with a typical radial velocity photon noise of 26 cm/s. We ran a joint MCMC analysis on the time series of the radial velocity and full-width half maximum of the cross-correlation function to model the planetary and stellar signals present in the data, applying Gaussian process regression to deal with stellar activity. We confirm the presence of Proxima b independently in the ESPRESSO data. The ESPRESSO data on its own shows Proxima b at a period of 11.218 $\pm$ 0.029 days, with a minimum mass of 1.29 $\pm$ 0.13 Me. In the combined dataset we measure a period of 11.18427 $\pm$ 0.00070 days with a minimum mass of 1.173 $\pm$ 0.086 Me. We find no evidence of stellar activity as a potential cause for the 11.2 days signal. We find some evidence for the presence of a second short-period signal, at 5.15 days with a semi-amplitude of merely 40 cm/s. If caused by a planetary companion, it would correspond to a minimum mass of 0.29 $\pm$ 0.08 Me. We find that the FWHM of the CCF can be used as a proxy for the brightness changes and that its gradient with time can be used to successfully detrend the radial velocity data from part of the influence of stellar activity. The activity-induced radial velocity signal in the ESPRESSO data shows a trend in amplitude towards redder wavelengths. Velocities measured using the red end of the spectrograph are less affected by activity, suggesting that the stellar activity is spot-dominated. The data collected excludes the presence of extra companions with masses above 0.6 Me at periods shorter than 50 days., Comment: 25 pages, 26 figures

Published
2020
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12. SOXS NIR: optomechanical integration and alignment, optical performance verification before full instrument assembly

Author

Bryant, Julia J., Motohara, Kentaro, Vernet, Joël R. D., Genoni, M., Aliverti, M., Pariani, G., Oggioni, L., Vitali, F., D' Alessio, F., D' Avanzo, P., Campana, S., Munari, M., Zanmar Sanchez, R., Scaudo, A., Landoni, M., Young, D., Scuderi, S., Schipani, P., Riva, M., Claudi, R., Radhakrishnan, K., Battaini, F., Rubin, A., Baruffolo, A., Capasso, G., Cosentino, R., Hershko, O., Kuncarayakti, H., Pignata, G., Ben-Ami, S., Brucalassi, A., Achren, J., Araiza-Durán, J. A., Arcavi, I., Asquini, L., Bruch, R., Capellaro, E., Colapietro, M., Della Valle, M., De Pascale, M., Di Benedetto, R., D'Orsi, S., Gal-Yam, A., Hernandez Díaz, M., Kotilainen, J., Li Causi, G., Marty, L., Mattila, S., Rappaport, M., Ricci, D., Salasnich, B., Smartt, S., Stritzinger, M., and Ventura, H.

Published
2024
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13. ANDES, the high resolution spectrograph for the ELT: science case, baseline design and path to construction

Author

Marconi, Alessandro, primary, Abreu, M., additional, Adibekyan, V., additional, Alberti, V., additional, Albrecht, S., additional, Alcaniz, J., additional, Aliverti, M., additional, Allende Prieto, C., additional, Alvarado Gómez, J. D., additional, Amado, P. J., additional, Amate, M., additional, Andersen, M. I., additional, Artigau, E., additional, Baker, C., additional, Baldini, V., additional, Balestra, A., additional, Barnes, S. A., additional, Baron, F., additional, Barros, S. C. C., additional, Bauer, S. M., additional, Beaulieu, M., additional, Bellido-Tirado, O., additional, Benneke, B., additional, Bensby, T., additional, Bergin, E. A., additional, Biazzo, K., additional, Bik, A., additional, Birkby, J., additional, Blind, N., additional, Boisse, I., additional, Bolmont, E., additional, Bonaglia, M., additional, Bonfils, X., additional, Borsa, F., additional, Brandeker, A., additional, Brandner, W., additional, Broeg, C. H., additional, Brogi, M., additional, Brousseau, D., additional, Brucalassi, A., additional, Brynnel, J., additional, Buchhave, L. A., additional, Buscher, D. F., additional, Cabral, A., additional, Calderone, G., additional, Calvo-Ortega, R., additional, Canto Martins, B. L., additional, Cantalloube, F., additional, Carbonaro, L., additional, Chauvin, G., additional, Chazelas, B., additional, Cheffot, A.-L., additional, Cheng, Y. S., additional, Chiavassa, A., additional, Christensen, L., additional, Cirami, R., additional, Cook, N. J., additional, Cooke, R. J., additional, Coretti, I., additional, Covino, S., additional, Cowan, N., additional, Cresci, G., additional, Cristiani, S., additional, Cunha Parro, V., additional, Cupani, G., additional, D'Odorico, V., additional, de Castro Leão, I., additional, De Cia, A., additional, De Medeiros, J. R., additional, Debras, F., additional, Debus, M., additional, Demangeon, O., additional, Dessauges-Zavadsky, M., additional, Di Marcantonio, P., additional, Dionies, F., additional, Doyon, R., additional, Dunn, J., additional, Ehrenreich, D., additional, Faria, J. P., additional, Feruglio, C., additional, Fisher, M., additional, Fontana, A., additional, Fumagalli, M., additional, Fusco, T., additional, Fynbo, J., additional, Gabella, O., additional, Gaessler, W., additional, Gallo, E., additional, Gao, X., additional, Genolet, L., additional, Genoni, M., additional, Giacobbe, P., additional, Giro, E., additional, Gonçalves, R. S., additional, Gonzalez, O., additional, González Hernández, J. I., additional, Gracia Témich, F., additional, Haehnelt, M. G., additional, Haniff, C., additional, Hatzes, A., additional, Helled, R., additional, Hoeijmakers, H.J., additional, Huke, P., additional, Järvinen, S., additional, Järvinen, A., additional, Kaminski, A., additional, Korn, A., additional, Kouach, D., additional, Kowzan, Grzegorz, additional, Kreidberg, L., additional, Landoni, M., additional, Lanotte, A., additional, Lavail, A., additional, Li, J., additional, Liske, J., additional, Lovis, C., additional, Lucatello, S., additional, Lunney, D., additional, MacIntosh, M., additional, Madhusudhan, N., additional, Magrini, L., additional, Maiolino, R., additional, Malo, L., additional, Man, A., additional, Marquart, T., additional, Marques, E. L., additional, Martins, A. M., additional, Martins, C. J. A. P., additional, Maslowski, P., additional, Mason, C., additional, Mason, E., additional, McCracken, R. A., additional, Mergo, P., additional, Micela, G., additional, Mitchell, T., additional, Mollière, P., additional, Monteiro, M., additional, Montgomery, D., additional, Mordasini, C., additional, Morin, J., additional, Mucciarelli, A., additional, Murphy, M. T., additional, N'Diaye, M., additional, Neichel, B., additional, Niedzielski, A. T., additional, Niemczura, E., additional, Nortmann, L., additional, Noterdaeme, P., additional, Nunes, N., additional, Oggioni, L., additional, Oliva, E., additional, Önel, H., additional, Origlia, L., additional, Östlin, G., additional, Palle, E., additional, Papaderos, P., additional, Pariani, G., additional, Peñate Castro, J., additional, Pepe, F., additional, Perreault Levasseur, L., additional, Petit, P., additional, Pino, L., additional, Piqueras, J., additional, Pollo, A., additional, Poppenhaeger, K., additional, Quirrenbach, A., additional, Rauscher, E., additional, Rebolo, R., additional, Redaelli, E. M. A., additional, Reffert, S., additional, Reid, D. T., additional, Reiners, A., additional, Richter, P., additional, Riva, M., additional, Rivoire, S., additional, Rodríguez-López, C., additional, Roederer, I. U., additional, Romano, D., additional, Rousseau, Sylvain, additional, Rowe, J., additional, Salvadori, S., additional, Santos, N., additional, Santos Diaz, P., additional, Sanz-Forcada, J., additional, Sarajlic, Mirsad, additional, Sauvage, J.-F., additional, Schäfer, S., additional, Schiavon, R. P., additional, Schmidt, T. M., additional, Selmi, C., additional, Sivanandam, S., additional, Sordet, M., additional, Sordo, R., additional, Sortino, F., additional, Sosnowska, D., additional, Sousa, S. G., additional, Stempels, E., additional, Strassmeier, K. G., additional, Suárez Mascareño, A., additional, Sulich, A., additional, Sun, X., additional, Tanvir, N.R., additional, Tenegi-Sanginés, F., additional, Thibault, S., additional, Thompson, S. J., additional, Tozzi, A., additional, Turbet, M., additional, Vallée, P., additional, Varas, R., additional, Venn, K., additional, Véran, J.-P., additional, Verma, A., additional, Viel, M., additional, Wade, G., additional, Waring, C., additional, Weber, M., additional, Weder, J., additional, Wehbe, B., additional, Weingrill, J., additional, Woche, M., additional, Xompero, M., additional, Zackrisson, E., additional, Zanutta, A., additional, Zapatero Osorio, M. R., additional, Zechmeister, M., additional, and Zimara, J., additional

Published
2022
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14. ANDES, the high resolution spectrograph for the ELT : science case, baseline design and path to construction

Author

Marconi, A., Abreu, M., Adibekyan, V., Alberti, V., Albrecht, S., Alcaniz, J., Aliverti, M., Allende Prieto, C., Gomez, J. D. Alvarado, Amado, P. J., Amate, M., Andersen, M. I., Artigau, E., Baker, C., Baldini, V., Balestra, A., Barnes, S. A., Baron, F., Barros, S. C. C., Bauer, S. M., Beaulieu, M., Bellido-Tirado, O., Benneke, B., Bensby, T., Bergin, E. A., Biazzo, K., Bik, A., Birkby, J. L., Blind, N., Boisse, I., Bolmont, E., Bonaglia, M., Bonfils, X., Borsa, F., Brandeker, A., Brandner, W., Broeg, C. H., Brogi, M., Brousseau, D., Brucalassi, A., Brynnel, J., Buchhave, L. A., Buscher, D. F., Cabral, A., Calderone, G., Calvo-Ortega, R., Cantalloube, F., Canto Martins, B. L., Carbonaro, L., Chauvin, G., Chazelas, B., Cheffot, A. -L, Cheng, Y. S., Chiavassa, A., Christensen, L., Cirami, R., Cook, N. J., Cooke, R. J., Coretti, I., Covino, S., Cowan, N., Cresci, G., Cristiani, S., Cunha Parro, V., Cupani, G., D'Odorico, V., de Castro Leao, I., De Cia, A., De Medeiros, J. R., Debras, F., Debus, M., Demangeon, O., Dessauges-Zavadsky, M., Di Marcantonio, P., Dionies, F., Doyon, R., Dunn, J., Ehrenreich, D., Faria, J. P., Feruglio, C., Fisher, M., Fontana, A., Fumagalli, M., Fusco, T., Fynbo, J., Gabella, O., Gaessler, W., Gallo, E., Gao, X., Genolet, L., Genoni, M., Giacobbe, P., Giro, E., Goncalves, R. S., Gonzalez, O. A., Gonzalez Hernandez, J. I., Gracia Temich, F., Haehnelt, M. G., Haniff, C., Hatzes, A., Helled, R., Hoeijmakers, H. J., Huke, P., Jaervinen, A. S., Jaervinen, S. P., Kaminski, A., Korn, Andreas, Kouach, D., Kowzan, G., Kreidberg, L., Landoni, M., Lanotte, A., Lavail, Alexis, Li, J., Liske, J., Lovis, C., Lucatello, S., Lunney, D., MacIntosh, M. J., Madhusudhan, N., Magrini, L., Maiolino, R., Malo, L., Man, A. W. S., Marquart, Thomas, Marques, E. L., Martins, C. J. A. P., Martins, A. M., Maslowski, P., Mason, E., Mason, C. A., McCracken, R. A., Mergo, P., Micela, G., Mitchell, T., Molliere, P., Monteiro, M. A., Montgomery, D., Mordasini, C., Morin, J., Mucciarelli, A., Murphy, M. T., N'Diaye, M., Neichel, B., Niedzielski, A. T., Niemczura, E., Nortmann, L., Noterdaeme, P., Nunes, N. J., Oggioni, L., Oliva, E., Onel, H., Origlia, L., Ostlin, G., Palle, E., Papaderos, P., Pariani, G., Penate Castro, J., Pepe, F., Levasseur, L. Perreault, Petit, P., Pino, L., Piqueras, J., Pollo, A., Poppenhaeger, K., Quirrenbach, A., Rauscher, E., Rebolo, R., Redaelli, E. M. A., Reffert, S., Reid, D. T., Reiners, A., Richter, P., Riva, M., Rivoire, S., Rodriguez-Lopez, C., Roederer, I. U., Romano, D., Rousseau, S., Rowe, J., Salvadori, S., Sanna, N., Santos, N. C., Diaz, P. Santos, Sanz-Forcada, J., Sarajlic, M., Sauvage, J. -F, Schaefer, S., Schiavon, R. P., Schmidt, T. M., Selmi, C., Sivanandam, S., Sordet, M., Sordo, R., Sortino, F., Sosnowska, D., Sousa, S. G., Stempels, Eric, Strassmeier, K. G., Suarez Mascareno, A., Sulich, A., Sun, X., Tanvir, N. R., Tenegi-Sangines, F., Thibault, S., Thompson, S. J., Tozzi, A., Turbet, M., Vallee, P., Varas, R., Venn, K. A., Veran, J. -P, Verma, A., Viel, M., Wade, G., Waring, C., Weber, M., Weder, J., Wehbe, B., Weingrill, J., Woche, M., Xompero, M., Zackrisson, Erik, Zanutta, A., Zapatero Osorio, M. R., Zechmeister, M., Zimara, J., Marconi, A., Abreu, M., Adibekyan, V., Alberti, V., Albrecht, S., Alcaniz, J., Aliverti, M., Allende Prieto, C., Gomez, J. D. Alvarado, Amado, P. J., Amate, M., Andersen, M. I., Artigau, E., Baker, C., Baldini, V., Balestra, A., Barnes, S. A., Baron, F., Barros, S. C. C., Bauer, S. M., Beaulieu, M., Bellido-Tirado, O., Benneke, B., Bensby, T., Bergin, E. A., Biazzo, K., Bik, A., Birkby, J. L., Blind, N., Boisse, I., Bolmont, E., Bonaglia, M., Bonfils, X., Borsa, F., Brandeker, A., Brandner, W., Broeg, C. H., Brogi, M., Brousseau, D., Brucalassi, A., Brynnel, J., Buchhave, L. A., Buscher, D. F., Cabral, A., Calderone, G., Calvo-Ortega, R., Cantalloube, F., Canto Martins, B. L., Carbonaro, L., Chauvin, G., Chazelas, B., Cheffot, A. -L, Cheng, Y. S., Chiavassa, A., Christensen, L., Cirami, R., Cook, N. J., Cooke, R. J., Coretti, I., Covino, S., Cowan, N., Cresci, G., Cristiani, S., Cunha Parro, V., Cupani, G., D'Odorico, V., de Castro Leao, I., De Cia, A., De Medeiros, J. R., Debras, F., Debus, M., Demangeon, O., Dessauges-Zavadsky, M., Di Marcantonio, P., Dionies, F., Doyon, R., Dunn, J., Ehrenreich, D., Faria, J. P., Feruglio, C., Fisher, M., Fontana, A., Fumagalli, M., Fusco, T., Fynbo, J., Gabella, O., Gaessler, W., Gallo, E., Gao, X., Genolet, L., Genoni, M., Giacobbe, P., Giro, E., Goncalves, R. S., Gonzalez, O. A., Gonzalez Hernandez, J. I., Gracia Temich, F., Haehnelt, M. G., Haniff, C., Hatzes, A., Helled, R., Hoeijmakers, H. J., Huke, P., Jaervinen, A. S., Jaervinen, S. P., Kaminski, A., Korn, Andreas, Kouach, D., Kowzan, G., Kreidberg, L., Landoni, M., Lanotte, A., Lavail, Alexis, Li, J., Liske, J., Lovis, C., Lucatello, S., Lunney, D., MacIntosh, M. J., Madhusudhan, N., Magrini, L., Maiolino, R., Malo, L., Man, A. W. S., Marquart, Thomas, Marques, E. L., Martins, C. J. A. P., Martins, A. M., Maslowski, P., Mason, E., Mason, C. A., McCracken, R. A., Mergo, P., Micela, G., Mitchell, T., Molliere, P., Monteiro, M. A., Montgomery, D., Mordasini, C., Morin, J., Mucciarelli, A., Murphy, M. T., N'Diaye, M., Neichel, B., Niedzielski, A. T., Niemczura, E., Nortmann, L., Noterdaeme, P., Nunes, N. J., Oggioni, L., Oliva, E., Onel, H., Origlia, L., Ostlin, G., Palle, E., Papaderos, P., Pariani, G., Penate Castro, J., Pepe, F., Levasseur, L. Perreault, Petit, P., Pino, L., Piqueras, J., Pollo, A., Poppenhaeger, K., Quirrenbach, A., Rauscher, E., Rebolo, R., Redaelli, E. M. A., Reffert, S., Reid, D. T., Reiners, A., Richter, P., Riva, M., Rivoire, S., Rodriguez-Lopez, C., Roederer, I. U., Romano, D., Rousseau, S., Rowe, J., Salvadori, S., Sanna, N., Santos, N. C., Diaz, P. Santos, Sanz-Forcada, J., Sarajlic, M., Sauvage, J. -F, Schaefer, S., Schiavon, R. P., Schmidt, T. M., Selmi, C., Sivanandam, S., Sordet, M., Sordo, R., Sortino, F., Sosnowska, D., Sousa, S. G., Stempels, Eric, Strassmeier, K. G., Suarez Mascareno, A., Sulich, A., Sun, X., Tanvir, N. R., Tenegi-Sangines, F., Thibault, S., Thompson, S. J., Tozzi, A., Turbet, M., Vallee, P., Varas, R., Venn, K. A., Veran, J. -P, Verma, A., Viel, M., Wade, G., Waring, C., Weber, M., Weder, J., Wehbe, B., Weingrill, J., Woche, M., Xompero, M., Zackrisson, Erik, Zanutta, A., Zapatero Osorio, M. R., Zechmeister, M., and Zimara, J.

Abstract

The first generation of ELT instruments includes an optical-infrared high resolution spectrograph, indicated as ELT-HIRES and recently christened ANDES (ArmazoNes high Dispersion Echelle Spectrograph). ANDES consists of three fibre-fed spectrographs (UBV, RIZ, YJH) providing a spectral resolution of similar to 100,000 with a minimum simultaneous wavelength coverage of 0.4-1.8 mu m with the goal of extending it to 0.35-2.4 mu m with the addition of a K band spectrograph. It operates both in seeing- and diffraction-limited conditions and the fibre-feeding allows several, interchangeable observing modes including a single conjugated adaptive optics module and a small diffraction-limited integral field unit in the NIR. Its modularity will ensure that ANDES can be placed entirely on the ELT Nasmyth platform, if enough mass and volume is available, or partly in the Coude room. ANDES has a wide range of groundbreaking science cases spanning nearly all areas of research in astrophysics and even fundamental physics. Among the top science cases there are the detection of biosignatures from exoplanet atmospheres, finding the fingerprints of the first generation of stars, tests on the stability of Nature's fundamental couplings, and the direct detection of the cosmic acceleration. The ANDES project is carried forward by a large international consortium, composed of 35 Institutes from 13 countries, forming a team of more than 200 scientists and engineers which represent the majority of the scientific and technical expertise in the field among ESO member states.

Published
2022
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15. ANDES, the high resolution spectrograph for the ELT: science case, baseline design and path to construction

Author

Evans, Christopher J., Bryant, Julia J., Motohara, Kentaro, Marconi, A., Abreu, M., Adibekyan, V., Alberti, V., Albrecht, S., Alcaniz, J., Aliverti, M., Prieto, C. Allende, Gómez, J. D. Alvarado, Amado, P. J., Amate, M., Andersen, M. I., Artigau, E., Baker, C., Baldini, V., Balestra, A., Barnes, S. A., Baron, F., Barros, S. C. C., Bauer, S. M., Beaulieu, M., Bellido-Tirado, O., Benneke, B., Bensby, T., Bergin, E. A., Biazzo, K., Bik, A., Birkby, J. L., Blind, N., Boisse, I., Bolmont, E., Bonaglia, M., Bonfils, X., Borsa, F., Brandeker, A., Brandner, W., Broeg, C. H., Brogi, M., Brousseau, D., Brucalassi, A., Brynnel, J., Buchhave, L. A., Buscher, D. F., Cabral, A., Calderone, G., Calvo-Ortega, R., Martins, B. L. Canto, Cantalloube, F., Carbonaro, L., Chauvin, G., Chazelas, B., Cheffot, A.-L., Cheng, Y. S., Chiavassa, A., Christensen, L., Cirami, R., Cook, N. J., Cooke, R. J., Coretti, I., Covino, S., Cowan, N., Cresci, G., Cristiani, S., Parro, V. Cunha, Cupani, G., D'Odorico, V., Leão, I. de Castro, Cia, A. De, Medeiros, J. R. De, Debras, F., Debus, M., Demangeon, O., Dessauges-Zavadsky, M., Marcantonio, P. Di, Dionies, F., Doyon, R., Dunn, J., Ehrenreich, D., Faria, J. P., Feruglio, C., Fisher, M., Fontana, A., Fumagalli, M., Fusco, T., Fynbo, J., Gabella, O., Gaessler, W., Gallo, E., Gao, X., Genolet, L., Genoni, M., Giacobbe, P., Giro, E., Gonçalves, R. S., Gonzalez, O., Hernández, J. I. González, Témich, F. Gracia, Haehnelt, M. G., Haniff, C., Hatzes, A., Helled, R., Hoeijmakers, H.J., Huke, P., Järvinen, S., Järvinen, A., Kaminski, A., Korn, A., Kouach, D., Kowzan, G., Kreidberg, L., Landoni, M., Lanotte, A., Lavail, A., Li, J., Liske, J., Lovis, C., Lucatello, S., Lunney, D., MacIntosh, M., Madhusudhan, N., Magrini, L., Maiolino, R., Malo, L., Man, A., Marquart, T., Marques, E. L., Martins, A. M., Martins, C. J. A. P., Maslowski, P., Mason, C., Mason, E., McCracken, R. A., Mergo, P., Micela, G., Mitchell, T., Mollière, P., Monteiro, M., Montgomery, D., Mordasini, C., Morin, J., Mucciarelli, A., Murphy, M. T., N'Diaye, M., Neichel, B., Niedzielski, A. T., Niemczura, E., Nortmann, L., Noterdaeme, P., Nunes, N., Oggioni, L., Oliva, E., Önel, H., Origlia, L., Östlin, G., Palle, E., Papaderos, P., Pariani, G., Castro, J. Peñate, Pepe, F., Levasseur, L. Perreault, Petit, P., Pino, L., Piqueras, J., Pollo, A., Poppenhaeger, K., Quirrenbach, A., Rauscher, E., Rebolo, R., Redaelli, E. M. A., Reffert, S., Reid, D. T., Reiners, A., Richter, P., Riva, M., Rivoire, S., Rodríguez-López, C., Roederer, I. U., Romano, D., Rousseau, S., Rowe, J., Salvadori, S., Santos, N., Diaz, P. Santos, Sanz-Forcada, J., Sarajlic, M., Sauvage, J.-F., Schäfer, S., Schiavon, R. P., Schmidt, T. M., Selmi, C., Sivanandam, S., Sordet, M., Sordo, R., Sortino, F., Sosnowska, D., Sousa, S. G., Stempels, E., Strassmeier, K. G., Mascareño, A. Suárez, Sulich, A., Sun, X., Tanvir, N.R., Tenegi-Sanginés, F., Thibault, S., Thompson, S. J., Tozzi, A., Turbet, M., Vallée, P., Varas, R., Venn, K., Véran, J.-P., Verma, A., Viel, M., Wade, G., Waring, C., Weber, M., Weder, J., Wehbe, B., Weingrill, J., Woche, M., Xompero, M., Zackrisson, E., Zanutta, A., Osorio, M. R. Zapatero, Zechmeister, M., Zimara, J., Evans, Christopher J., Bryant, Julia J., Motohara, Kentaro, Marconi, A., Abreu, M., Adibekyan, V., Alberti, V., Albrecht, S., Alcaniz, J., Aliverti, M., Prieto, C. Allende, Gómez, J. D. Alvarado, Amado, P. J., Amate, M., Andersen, M. I., Artigau, E., Baker, C., Baldini, V., Balestra, A., Barnes, S. A., Baron, F., Barros, S. C. C., Bauer, S. M., Beaulieu, M., Bellido-Tirado, O., Benneke, B., Bensby, T., Bergin, E. A., Biazzo, K., Bik, A., Birkby, J. L., Blind, N., Boisse, I., Bolmont, E., Bonaglia, M., Bonfils, X., Borsa, F., Brandeker, A., Brandner, W., Broeg, C. H., Brogi, M., Brousseau, D., Brucalassi, A., Brynnel, J., Buchhave, L. A., Buscher, D. F., Cabral, A., Calderone, G., Calvo-Ortega, R., Martins, B. L. Canto, Cantalloube, F., Carbonaro, L., Chauvin, G., Chazelas, B., Cheffot, A.-L., Cheng, Y. S., Chiavassa, A., Christensen, L., Cirami, R., Cook, N. J., Cooke, R. J., Coretti, I., Covino, S., Cowan, N., Cresci, G., Cristiani, S., Parro, V. Cunha, Cupani, G., D'Odorico, V., Leão, I. de Castro, Cia, A. De, Medeiros, J. R. De, Debras, F., Debus, M., Demangeon, O., Dessauges-Zavadsky, M., Marcantonio, P. Di, Dionies, F., Doyon, R., Dunn, J., Ehrenreich, D., Faria, J. P., Feruglio, C., Fisher, M., Fontana, A., Fumagalli, M., Fusco, T., Fynbo, J., Gabella, O., Gaessler, W., Gallo, E., Gao, X., Genolet, L., Genoni, M., Giacobbe, P., Giro, E., Gonçalves, R. S., Gonzalez, O., Hernández, J. I. González, Témich, F. Gracia, Haehnelt, M. G., Haniff, C., Hatzes, A., Helled, R., Hoeijmakers, H.J., Huke, P., Järvinen, S., Järvinen, A., Kaminski, A., Korn, A., Kouach, D., Kowzan, G., Kreidberg, L., Landoni, M., Lanotte, A., Lavail, A., Li, J., Liske, J., Lovis, C., Lucatello, S., Lunney, D., MacIntosh, M., Madhusudhan, N., Magrini, L., Maiolino, R., Malo, L., Man, A., Marquart, T., Marques, E. L., Martins, A. M., Martins, C. J. A. P., Maslowski, P., Mason, C., Mason, E., McCracken, R. A., Mergo, P., Micela, G., Mitchell, T., Mollière, P., Monteiro, M., Montgomery, D., Mordasini, C., Morin, J., Mucciarelli, A., Murphy, M. T., N'Diaye, M., Neichel, B., Niedzielski, A. T., Niemczura, E., Nortmann, L., Noterdaeme, P., Nunes, N., Oggioni, L., Oliva, E., Önel, H., Origlia, L., Östlin, G., Palle, E., Papaderos, P., Pariani, G., Castro, J. Peñate, Pepe, F., Levasseur, L. Perreault, Petit, P., Pino, L., Piqueras, J., Pollo, A., Poppenhaeger, K., Quirrenbach, A., Rauscher, E., Rebolo, R., Redaelli, E. M. A., Reffert, S., Reid, D. T., Reiners, A., Richter, P., Riva, M., Rivoire, S., Rodríguez-López, C., Roederer, I. U., Romano, D., Rousseau, S., Rowe, J., Salvadori, S., Santos, N., Diaz, P. Santos, Sanz-Forcada, J., Sarajlic, M., Sauvage, J.-F., Schäfer, S., Schiavon, R. P., Schmidt, T. M., Selmi, C., Sivanandam, S., Sordet, M., Sordo, R., Sortino, F., Sosnowska, D., Sousa, S. G., Stempels, E., Strassmeier, K. G., Mascareño, A. Suárez, Sulich, A., Sun, X., Tanvir, N.R., Tenegi-Sanginés, F., Thibault, S., Thompson, S. J., Tozzi, A., Turbet, M., Vallée, P., Varas, R., Venn, K., Véran, J.-P., Verma, A., Viel, M., Wade, G., Waring, C., Weber, M., Weder, J., Wehbe, B., Weingrill, J., Woche, M., Xompero, M., Zackrisson, E., Zanutta, A., Osorio, M. R. Zapatero, Zechmeister, M., and Zimara, J.

Abstract

The first generation of ELT instruments includes an optical-infrared high resolution spectrograph, indicated as ELT-HIRES and recently christened ANDES (ArmazoNes high Dispersion Echelle Spectrograph). ANDES consists of three fibre-fed spectrographs (UBV, RIZ, YJH) providing a spectral resolution of ∼100,000 with a minimum simultaneous wavelength coverage of 0.4-1.8 µm with the goal of extending it to 0.35-2.4 µm with the addition of a K band spectrograph. It operates both in seeing- and diffraction-limited conditions and the fibre-feeding allows several, interchangeable observing modes including a single conjugated adaptive optics module and a small diffraction-limited integral field unit in the NIR. Its modularity will ensure that ANDES can be placed entirely on the ELT Nasmyth platform, if enough mass and volume is available, or partly in the Coudé room. ANDES has a wide range of groundbreaking science cases spanning nearly all areas of research in astrophysics and even fundamental physics. Among the top science cases there are the detection of biosignatures from exoplanet atmospheres, finding the fingerprints of the first generation of stars, tests on the stability of Nature’s fundamental couplings, and the direct detection of the cosmic acceleration. The ANDES project is carried forward by a large international consortium, composed of 35 Institutes from 13 countries, forming a team of more than 200 scientists and engineers which represent the majority of the scientific and technical expertise in the field among ESO member states.

Published
2022

16. ANDES, the high resolution spectrograph for the ELT:science case, baseline design and path to construction

Author

Marconi, Alessandro, Abreu, M., Adibekyan, V., Alberti, V., Albrecht, S., Alcaniz, J., Aliverti, M., Allende Prieto, C., Alvarado Gómez, J., Amado, P., Amate, M., Andersen, M., Artigau, E., Baker, C., Baldini, V., Balestra, A., Barnes, S., Baron, F., Barros, S., Bauer, S., Beaulieu, M., Bellido-Tirado, O., Benneke, B., Bensby, T., Bergin, E., Biazzo, K., Bik, A., Birkby, J., Blind, N., Boisse, I., Bolmont, E., Bonaglia, M., Bonfils, X., Borsa, F., Brandeker, A., Brandner, W., Broeg, C., Brogi, M., Brousseau, D., Brucalassi, A., Brynnel, J., Buchhave, L., Buscher, D., Cabral, A., Calderone, G., Calvo-Ortega, R., Canto Martins, B., Cantalloube, F., Carbonaro, L., Chauvin, G., Chazelas, B., Cheffot, A.-L., Cheng, Y., Chiavassa, A., Christensen, L., Cirami, R., Cook, N., Cooke, R., Coretti, I., Covino, S., Cowan, N., Cresci, G., Cristiani, S., Cunha Parro, V., Cupani, G., d'Odorico, V., de Castro Leão, I., de Cia, A., de Medeiros, J., Debras, F., Debus, M., Demangeon, O., Dessauges-Zavadsky, M., Di Marcantonio, P., Dionies, F., Doyon, R., Dunn, J., Ehrenreich, D., Faria, J., Feruglio, C., Fisher, M., Fontana, A., Fumagalli, M., Fusco, Thierry, Fynbo, J., Gabella, O., Gaessler, W., Gallo, E., Gao, X., Genolet, L., Genoni, M., Giacobbe, P., Giro, E., Gonçalves, R., Gonzalez, O., González Hernández, J., Gracia Témich, F., Haehnelt, M., Haniff, C., Hatzes, A., Helled, R., Hoeijmakers, H.J., Huke, P., Järvinen, S., Järvinen, A., Kaminski, A., Korn, A., Kouach, D., Kowzan, Grzegorz, Kreidberg, L., Landoni, M., Lanotte, A., Lavail, A., Li, J., Liske, J., Lovis, C., Lucatello, S., Lunney, D., Macintosh, M., Madhusudhan, N., Magrini, L., Maiolino, R., Malo, L., Man, A., Marquart, T., Marques, E., Martins, A., Martins, C., Maslowski, P., Mason, C., Mason, E., Mccracken, R., Mergo, P., Micela, G., Mitchell, T., Mollière, P., Monteiro, M., Montgomery, D., Mordasini, C., Morin, J., Mucciarelli, A., Murphy, M., N'Diaye, M., Neichel, B., Niedzielski, A., Niemczura, E., Nortmann, L., Noterdaeme, P., Nunes, N., Oggioni, L., Oliva, E., Önel, H., Origlia, L., Östlin, G., Palle, E., Papaderos, P., Pariani, G., Peñate Castro, J., Pepe, F., Perreault Levasseur, L., Petit, P., Pino, L., Piqueras, J., Pollo, A., Poppenhaeger, K., Quirrenbach, A., Rauscher, E., Rebolo, R., Redaelli, E., Reffert, S., Reid, D., Reiners, A., Richter, P., Riva, M., Rivoire, S., Rodríguez-López, C., Roederer, I., Romano, D., Rousseau, Sylvain, Rowe, J., Salvadori, S., Santos, N., Santos Diaz, P., Sanz-Forcada, J., Sarajlic, Mirsad, Sauvage, Jean-François, Schäfer, S., Schiavon, R., Schmidt, T., Selmi, C., Sivanandam, S., Sordet, M., Sordo, R., Sortino, F., Sosnowska, D., Sousa, S., Stempels, E., Strassmeier, K., Suárez Mascareño, A., Sulich, A., Sun, X., Tanvir, N.R., Tenegi-Sanginés, F., Thibault, S., Thompson, S., Tozzi, A., Turbet, M., Vallée, P., Varas, R., Venn, K., Véran, J.-P., Verma, A., Viel, M., Wade, G., Waring, C., Weber, M., Weder, J., Wehbe, B., Weingrill, J., Woche, M., Xompero, M., Zackrisson, E., Zanutta, A., Zapatero Osorio, M., Zechmeister, M., Zimara, J., Evans, Christopher J., Bryant, Julia J., Motohara, Kentaro, Institut de Planétologie et d'Astrophysique de Grenoble (IPAG), Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG ), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Météo-France -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Météo-France, DOTA, ONERA, Université Paris Saclay [Palaiseau], ONERA-Université Paris-Saclay, Laboratoire Univers et Particules de Montpellier (LUPM), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM), Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Marseille (LAM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris (IAP), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), DOTA, ONERA [Salon], ONERA, Laboratoire de Météorologie Dynamique (UMR 8539) (LMD), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-École des Ponts ParisTech (ENPC)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Département des Géosciences - ENS Paris, École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL), Agenzia Spaziale Italiana, Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (Portugal), European Commission, Swedish Research Council, Australian Research Council, European Research Council, and National Science Foundation (US)

Subjects
[SDU.ASTR.CO]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Cosmology and Extra-Galactic Astrophysics [astro-ph.CO], Diffraction limited IFU, fundamental physics, Extremely large telescope, fundamental physic, physics and evolution of galaxies, [PHYS.ASTR.SR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Solar and Stellar Astrophysics [astro-ph.SR], extremely large telescopes, [SDU.ASTR.IM]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysic [astro-ph.IM], physics and evolution of stars, Fibre-fed spcetrograh, Sandage effect, exoplanets, High resolution spectroscopy, infrared spectrographs, stars and planets formation, Variation of physics fundamental constants, ground-based instruments, cosmology, Fundamental physics, Exoplanet atmospheres, Echelle spectrograph, high resolution spectrographs
Abstract

Ground-based and airborne instrumentation for astronomy IX (2022), Montreal, JUL 17-22, 2022.--Proceedings of SPIE - The International Society for Optical Engineering vol. 12184 Article number 1218424.-- Complete list of authors: Marconi, A.; Abreu, M.; Adibekyan, V.; Alberti, V.; Albrecht, S.; Alcaniz, J.; Aliverti, M.; Allende Prieto, C.; Gomez, J. D. Alvarado; Amado, P. J.; Amate, M.; Andersen, M. I.; Artigau, E.; Baker, C.; Baldini, V.; Balestra, A.; Barnes, S. A.; Baron, F.; Barros, S. C. C.; Bauer, S. M.; Beaulieu, M.; Bellido-Tirado, O.; Benneke, B.; Bensby, T.; Bergin, E. A.; Biazzo, K.; Bik, A.; Birkby, J. L.; Blind, N.; Boisse, I.; Bolmont, E.; Bonaglia, M.; Bonfils, X.; Borsa, F.; Brandeker, A.; Brandner, W.; Broeg, C. H.; Brogi, M.; Brousseau, D.; Brucalassi, A.; Brynnel, J.; Buchhave, L. A.; Buscher, D. F.; Cabral, A.; Calderone, G.; Calvo-Ortega, R.; Cantalloube, F.; Canto Martins, B. L.; Carbonaro, L.; Chauvin, G.; Chazelas, B.; Cheffot, A. -L.; Cheng, Y. S.; Chiavassa, A.; Christensen, L.; Cirami, R.; Cook, N. J.; Cooke, R. J.; Coretti, I.; Covino, S.; Cowan, N.; Cresci, G.; Cristiani, S.; Cunha Parro, V.; Cupani, G.; D'Odorico, V.; de Castro Leao, I.; De Cia, A.; De Medeiros, J. R.; Debras, F.; Debus, M.; Demangeon, O.; Dessauges-Zavadsky, M.; Di Marcantonio, P.; Dionies, F.; Doyon, R.; Dunn, J.; Ehrenreich, D.; Faria, J. P.; Feruglio, C.; Fisher, M.; Fontana, A.; Fumagalli, M.; Fusco, T.; Fynbo, J.; Gabella, O.; Gaessler, W.; Gallo, E.; Gao, X.; Genolet, L.; Genoni, M.; Giacobbe, P.; Giro, E.; Goncalves, R. S.; Gonzalez, O. A.; Gonzalez Hernandez, J. I.; Gracia Temich, F.; Haehnelt, M. G.; Haniff, C.; Hatzes, A.; Helled, R.; Hoeijmakers, H. J.; Huke, P.; Jaervinen, A. S.; Jaervinen, S. P.; Kaminski, A.; Korn, A. J.; Kouach, D.; Kowzan, G.; Kreidberg, L.; Landoni, M.; Lanotte, A.; Lavail, A.; Li, J.; Liske, J.; Lovis, C.; Lucatello, S.; Lunney, D.; MacIntosh, M. J.; Madhusudhan, N.; Magrini, L.; Maiolino, R.; Malo, L.; Man, A. W. S.; Marquart, T.; Marques, E. L.; Martins, C. J. A. P.; Martins, A. M.; Maslowski, P.; Mason, E.; Mason, C. A.; McCracken, R. A.; Mergo, P.; Micela, G.; Mitchell, T.; Molliere, P.; Monteiro, M. A.; Montgomery, D.; Mordasini, C.; Morin, J.; Mucciarelli, A.; Murphy, M. T.; N'Diaye, M.; Neichel, B.; Niedzielski, A. T.; Niemczura, E.; Nortmann, L.; Noterdaeme, P.; Nunes, N. J.; Oggioni, L.; Oliva, E.; Onel, H.; Origlia, L.; Ostlin, G.; Palle, E.; Papaderos, P.; Pariani, G.; Penate Castro, J.; Pepe, F.; Levasseur, L. Perreault; Petit, P.; Pino, L.; Piqueras, J.; Pollo, A.; Poppenhaeger, K.; Quirrenbach, A.; Rauscher, E.; Rebolo, R.; Redaelli, E. M. A.; Reffert, S.; Reid, D. T.; Reiners, A.; Richter, P.; Riva, M.; Rivoire, S.; Rodriguez-Lopez, C.; Roederer, I. U.; Romano, D.; Rousseau, S.; Rowe, J.; Salvadori, S.; Sanna, N.; Santos, N. C.; Diaz, P. Santos; Sanz-Forcada, J.; Sarajlic, M.; Sauvage, J. -F.; Schaefer, S.; Schiavon, R. P.; Schmidt, T. M.; Selmi, C.; Sivanandam, S.; Sordet, M.; Sordo, R.; Sortino, F.; Sosnowska, D.; Sousa, S. G.; Stempels, E.; Strassmeier, K. G.; Suarez Mascareno, A.; Sulich, A.; Sun, X.; Tanvir, N. R.; Tenegi-Sangines, F.; Thibault, S.; Thompson, S. J.; Tozzi, A.; Turbet, M.; Vallee, P.; Varas, R.; Venn, K. A.; Veran, J. -P.; Verma, A.; Viel, M.; Wade, G.; Waring, C.; Weber, M.; Weder, J.; Wehbe, B.; Weingrill, J.; Woche, M.; Xompero, M.; Zackrisson, E.; Zanutta, A.; Zapatero Osorio, M. R.; Zechmeister, M.; Zimara, J., The first generation of ELT instruments includes an optical-infrared high resolution spectrograph, indicated as ELT-HIRES and recently christened ANDES (ArmazoNes high Dispersion Echelle Spectrograph). ANDES consists of three fibre-fed spectrographs (UBV, RIZ, YJH) providing a spectral resolution of similar to 100,000 with a minimum simultaneous wavelength coverage of 0.4-1.8 mu m with the goal of extending it to 0.35-2.4 mu m with the addition of a K band spectrograph. It operates both in seeing- and diffraction-limited conditions and the fibre-feeding allows several, interchangeable observing modes including a single conjugated adaptive optics module and a small diffraction-limited integral field unit in the NIR. Its modularity will ensure that ANDES can be placed entirely on the ELT Nasmyth platform, if enough mass and volume is available, or partly in the Coude room. ANDES has a wide range of groundbreaking science cases spanning nearly all areas of research in astrophysics and even fundamental physics. Among the top science cases there are the detection of biosignatures from exoplanet atmospheres, finding the fingerprints of the first generation of stars, tests on the stability of Nature's fundamental couplings, and the direct detection of the cosmic acceleration. The ANDES project is carried forward by a large international consortium, composed of 35 Institutes from 13 countries, forming a team of more than 200 scientists and engineers which represent the majority of the scientific and technical expertise in the field among ESO member states., The Italian effort for ANDES is supported by the Italian National Institute for Astrophysics (INAF). The Portuguese participation is supported by FCT -Fundacao para a Ciencia e a Tecnologia through national funds and by FEDER through COMPETE2020 -Programa Operacional Competitividade e Internacionalizacao by these grants: UID/FIS/04434/2019, UIDB/04434/2020 & UIDP/04434/2020; POCI-01-0145-FEDER-032113 & PTDC/FIS-AST/32113/2017. Swedish participation in the ANDES project is made possible through the national Swedish ELT Instrumentation Consortium (SELTIC), suppored by the Swedish Research Council (VR). CJM acknowledges FCT and POCH/FSE (EC) support through Investigador FCT Contract 2021.01214.CEECIND/CP1658/CT0001. JLB acknowledges funding from the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under grant agreement No 805445. MTM acknowledges the support of the Australian Research Council through Future Fellowship grant FT180100194 SS acknowledges funding from the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under grant agreement No 804240. TMS acknowledgment the support from the SNF synergia grant CRSII5-193689 (BLUVES), With funding from the Spanish government through the Severo Ochoa Centre of Excellence accreditation SEV-2017-0709

Published
2022
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17. ESPRESSO high-resolution transmission spectroscopy of WASP-76 b

Author

Tabernero, H. M., Zapatero Osorio, M. R., Allart, R., Borsa, F., Casasayas Barris, N., Demangeon, O. D. S., Ehrenreich, D., Lillo Box, J., Lovis, C., Pallé, E., Sousa, S. G., Rebolo, R., Santos, N. C., Pepe, F., Cristiani, S., Adibekyan, V., Allende Prieto, C., Alibert, Y., Barros, S. C. C., Bouchy, F., Bourrier, V., D´Odorico, V., Dumusque, X., Faria, J. P., Figueira, P., Genova Santos, R., González Hernández, J. I., Hojjatpanah, S., Lo Curto, G., Lavie, B., Martins, C. J. A. P., Martins, J. H. C., Mehner, A., Micela, G., Molaro, P., Nunes, N. J., Poretti, E., Seidel, J. V., Sozzetti, A., Suárez Mascareño, A., Udry, S., Aliverti, M., Affolter, M., Alves, D., Amate, M., Ávila, G., Bandy, T., Benz, W., Bianco, A., Broeg, C., Cabral, A., Conconi, P., Coelho, J., Cumani, C., Deiries, S., Dekker, H., Delabre, B., Fragoso, A., Genoni, M., Genolet, L., Hughes, I., Knudstrup, J., Kerber, F., Landoni, M., Lizon, J. L., Maire, C., Manescau, A., Di Marcoantonio, P., Mégevand, D., Monteiro, M., Moschetti, M., Mueller, E., Modigliani, A., Oggioni, L., Oliveira, A., Pariani, G., Pasquini, L., Rasilla, J. L., Redaelli, E., Riva, M., Santana Tschudi, S., Santin, P., Santos, P., Segovia, A., Sosnowska, D., Spanò, P., Tenegi, F., Iwert, O., Zanutta, A., Zerbi, Filippo M., Cabral, A. [0000-0002-9433-871X], Monteiro, M. J. [0000-0003-0513-8116], Coelho, F. M. [0000-0002-4339-0550], Faria, J. [0000-0002-6728-244X], Santos, N. [0000-0003-4422-2919], European Research Council (ERC), Fundacao para a Ciencia e a Tecnologia (FCT), Agencia Estatal de Investigación (AEI), and Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF)

Subjects
individual: WASP-76b [Planets and satellites], atmospheres [Planets and satellites]
Abstract

Based on guaranteed time observations collected at the European Southern Observatory under ESO programme 1102.C-0744 by the ESPRESSO Consortium. Aims. We report on ESPRESSO high-resolution transmission spectroscopic observations of two primary transits of the highly irradiated, ultra-hot Jupiter-sized planet, WASP-76b. We investigated the presence of several key atomic and molecular features of interest that may reveal the atmospheric properties of the planet. Methods. We extracted two transmission spectra of WASP-76b with R ≈ 140 000 using a procedure that allowed us to process the full ESPRESSO wavelength range (3800–7880 Å) simultaneously. We observed that at a high signal-to-noise ratio, the continuum of ESPRESSO spectra shows ‘wiggles’, which are likely caused by an interference pattern outside the spectrograph. To search for the planetary features, we visually analysed the extracted transmission spectra and cross-correlated the observations against theoretical spectra of different atomic and molecular species. Results. The following atomic features are detected: Li I, Na I, Mg I, Ca II, Mn I, K I, and Fe I. All are detected with a confidence level between 9.2 σ (Na I) and 2.8 σ (Mg I). We did not detect the following species: Ti I, Cr I, Ni I, TiO, VO, and ZrO. We impose the following 1 σ upper limits on their detectability: 60, 77, 122, 6, 8, and 8 ppm, respectively. Conclusions. We report the detection of Li I on WASP-76b for the first time. In addition, we confirm the presence of Na I and Fe I as previously reported in the literature. We show that the procedure employed in this work can detect features down to the level of ~0.1% in the transmission spectrum and ~10 ppm by means of a cross-correlation method. We discuss the presence of neutral and singly ionised features in the atmosphere of WASP-76b. This work was supported by FCT - FundacAo para a Ciencia e a Tecnologia through national funds and by FEDER through COMPETE2020 - Programa Operacional Competitividade e InternacionalizacAo by these grants: UID/FIS/04434/2019; UIDB/04434/2020; UIDP/04434/2020; PTDC/FIS-AST/ 32113/2017 & POCI-01-0145-FEDER-032113; PTDC/FIS-AST/28953/2017 & POCI-01-0145-FEDER-028953; PTDC/FIS-AST/28987/2017 & POCI-01- 0145-FEDER-028987. V.A., S.G.S., S.C.C.B. acknowledge support from FCT through Investigador FCT contracts ns degrees IF/00650/2015/CP1273/CT0001; IF/00028/2014/CP1215/CT0002; IF/01312/2014/CP1215/CT0004. S.G.S acknowledges the support from FCT through Investigador FCT contract nr. CEECIND/00826/2018 and POPH/FSE (EC). J.P.F., O.D., and J.H.C.M. acknowledge support from FCT through national funds in the form of a work contract with the references DL 57/2016/CP1364/CT0005; DL 57/2016/CP1364/CT0004; DL 57/2016/CP1364/CT0007. H.M.T. and M.R.Z.O. acknowledge financial support from the Spanish Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovacion y Universidades (MICIU) through project AYA2016-79425-C3-2. A.S.M., R.R., J.I.G.H., C.A.P. acknowledge financial support from the Spanish MICIU project AYA2017-86389-P. J.I.G.H. acknowledges financial support from the Spanish MICIU under the 2013 Ramon y Cajal program RYC-2013-14875. This work has been carried out within the framework of the National Centre of Competence in Research PlanetS supported by the Swiss National Science Foundation. The authors acknowledge the financial support of the SNSF. The INAF authors acknowledge financial support of the Italian Ministry of Education, University, and Research with PRIN 201278X4FL and the Progetti Premiali funding scheme. This project has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (projectFOUR ACES; grant agreement No 724427). N.J.N. acknowledges support from FCT through Investigador FCT contract and exploratory project IF/00852/2015, and project PTDC/FIS-OUT/29048/2017. J.V.S. acknowledges funding from the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (project Four Aces; grant agreement No. 724427). Peerreview

Published
2021

18. ESPRESSO high-resolution transmission spectroscopy of WASP-76 b

Author

Tabernero, H. M., primary, Zapatero Osorio, M. R., additional, Allart, R., additional, Borsa, F., additional, Casasayas-Barris, N., additional, Demangeon, O., additional, Ehrenreich, D., additional, Lillo-Box, J., additional, Lovis, C., additional, Pallé, E., additional, Sousa, S. G., additional, Rebolo, R., additional, Santos, N. C., additional, Pepe, F., additional, Cristiani, S., additional, Adibekyan, V., additional, Allende Prieto, C., additional, Alibert, Y., additional, Barros, S. C. C., additional, Bouchy, F., additional, Bourrier, V., additional, D’Odorico, V., additional, Dumusque, X., additional, Faria, J. P., additional, Figueira, P., additional, Génova Santos, R., additional, González Hernández, J. I., additional, Hojjatpanah, S., additional, Lo Curto, G., additional, Lavie, B., additional, Martins, C. J. A. P., additional, Martins, J. H. C., additional, Mehner, A., additional, Micela, G., additional, Molaro, P., additional, Nunes, N. J., additional, Poretti, E., additional, Seidel, J. V., additional, Sozzetti, A., additional, Suárez Mascareño, A., additional, Udry, S., additional, Aliverti, M., additional, Affolter, M., additional, Alves, D., additional, Amate, M., additional, Avila, G., additional, Bandy, T., additional, Benz, W., additional, Bianco, A., additional, Broeg, C., additional, Cabral, A., additional, Conconi, P., additional, Coelho, J., additional, Cumani, C., additional, Deiries, S., additional, Dekker, H., additional, Delabre, B., additional, Fragoso, A., additional, Genoni, M., additional, Genolet, L., additional, Hughes, I., additional, Knudstrup, J., additional, Kerber, F., additional, Landoni, M., additional, Lizon, J. L., additional, Maire, C., additional, Manescau, A., additional, Di Marcantonio, P., additional, Mégevand, D., additional, Monteiro, M., additional, Moschetti, M., additional, Mueller, E., additional, Modigliani, A., additional, Oggioni, L., additional, Oliveira, A., additional, Pariani, G., additional, Pasquini, L., additional, Rasilla, J. L., additional, Redaelli, E., additional, Riva, M., additional, Santana-Tschudi, S., additional, Santin, P., additional, Santos, P., additional, Segovia, A., additional, Sosnowska, D., additional, Spanò, P., additional, Tenegi, F., additional, Iwert, O., additional, Zanutta, A., additional, and Zerbi, F., additional

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2021
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19. ESPRESSO at VLT

Author

Pepe, F., primary, Cristiani, S., additional, Rebolo, R., additional, Santos, N. C., additional, Dekker, H., additional, Cabral, A., additional, Di Marcantonio, P., additional, Figueira, P., additional, Lo Curto, G., additional, Lovis, C., additional, Mayor, M., additional, Mégevand, D., additional, Molaro, P., additional, Riva, M., additional, Zapatero Osorio, M. R., additional, Amate, M., additional, Manescau, A., additional, Pasquini, L., additional, Zerbi, F. M., additional, Adibekyan, V., additional, Abreu, M., additional, Affolter, M., additional, Alibert, Y., additional, Aliverti, M., additional, Allart, R., additional, Allende Prieto, C., additional, Álvarez, D., additional, Alves, D., additional, Avila, G., additional, Baldini, V., additional, Bandy, T., additional, Barros, S. C. C., additional, Benz, W., additional, Bianco, A., additional, Borsa, F., additional, Bourrier, V., additional, Bouchy, F., additional, Broeg, C., additional, Calderone, G., additional, Cirami, R., additional, Coelho, J., additional, Conconi, P., additional, Coretti, I., additional, Cumani, C., additional, Cupani, G., additional, D’Odorico, V., additional, Damasso, M., additional, Deiries, S., additional, Delabre, B., additional, Demangeon, O. D. S., additional, Dumusque, X., additional, Ehrenreich, D., additional, Faria, J. P., additional, Fragoso, A., additional, Genolet, L., additional, Genoni, M., additional, Génova Santos, R., additional, González Hernández, J. I., additional, Hughes, I., additional, Iwert, O., additional, Kerber, F., additional, Knudstrup, J., additional, Landoni, M., additional, Lavie, B., additional, Lillo-Box, J., additional, Lizon, J.-L., additional, Maire, C., additional, Martins, C. J. A. P., additional, Mehner, A., additional, Micela, G., additional, Modigliani, A., additional, Monteiro, M. A., additional, Monteiro, M. J. P. F. G., additional, Moschetti, M., additional, Murphy, M. T., additional, Nunes, N., additional, Oggioni, L., additional, Oliveira, A., additional, Oshagh, M., additional, Pallé, E., additional, Pariani, G., additional, Poretti, E., additional, Rasilla, J. L., additional, Rebordão, J., additional, Redaelli, E. M., additional, Santana Tschudi, S., additional, Santin, P., additional, Santos, P., additional, Ségransan, D., additional, Schmidt, T. M., additional, Segovia, A., additional, Sosnowska, D., additional, Sozzetti, A., additional, Sousa, S. G., additional, Spanò, P., additional, Suárez Mascareño, A., additional, Tabernero, H., additional, Tenegi, F., additional, Udry, S., additional, and Zanutta, A., additional

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2021
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20. A precise architecture characterization of theπMensae planetary system

Author

Damasso, M., primary, Sozzetti, A., additional, Lovis, C., additional, Barros, S. C. C., additional, Sousa, S. G., additional, Demangeon, O. D. S., additional, Faria, J. P., additional, Lillo-Box, J., additional, Cristiani, S., additional, Pepe, F., additional, Rebolo, R., additional, Santos, N. C., additional, Zapatero Osorio, M. R., additional, González Hernández, J. I., additional, Amate, M., additional, Pasquini, L., additional, Zerbi, F. M., additional, Adibekyan, V., additional, Abreu, M., additional, Affolter, M., additional, Alibert, Y., additional, Aliverti, M., additional, Allart, R., additional, Allende Prieto, C., additional, Álvarez, D., additional, Alves, D., additional, Avila, G., additional, Baldini, V., additional, Bandy, T., additional, Benz, W., additional, Bianco, A., additional, Borsa, F., additional, Bossini, D., additional, Bourrier, V., additional, Bouchy, F., additional, Broeg, C., additional, Cabral, A., additional, Calderone, G., additional, Cirami, R., additional, Coelho, J., additional, Conconi, P., additional, Coretti, I., additional, Cumani, C., additional, Cupani, G., additional, D’Odorico, V., additional, Deiries, S., additional, Dekker, H., additional, Delabre, B., additional, Di Marcantonio, P., additional, Dumusque, X., additional, Ehrenreich, D., additional, Figueira, P., additional, Fragoso, A., additional, Genolet, L., additional, Genoni, M., additional, Génova Santos, R., additional, Hughes, I., additional, Iwert, O., additional, Kerber, F., additional, Knudstrup, J., additional, Landoni, M., additional, Lavie, B., additional, Lizon, J.-L., additional, Lo Curto, G., additional, Maire, C., additional, Martins, C. J. A. P., additional, Mégevand, D., additional, Mehner, A., additional, Micela, G., additional, Modigliani, A., additional, Molaro, P., additional, Monteiro, M. A., additional, Monteiro, M. J. P. F. G., additional, Moschetti, M., additional, Mueller, E., additional, Murphy, M. T., additional, Nunes, N., additional, Oggioni, L., additional, Oliveira, A., additional, Oshagh, M., additional, Pallé, E., additional, Pariani, G., additional, Poretti, E., additional, Rasilla, J. L., additional, Rebordão, J., additional, Redaelli, E. M., additional, Riva, M., additional, Santana Tschudi, S., additional, Santin, P., additional, Santos, P., additional, Ségransan, D., additional, Schmidt, T. M., additional, Segovia, A., additional, Sosnowska, D., additional, Spanò, P., additional, Suárez Mascareño, A., additional, Tabernero, H., additional, Tenegi, F., additional, Udry, S., additional, and Zanutta, A., additional

Published
2020
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21. Characterization of the K2-38 planetary system

Author

Toledo-Padrón, B., primary, Lovis, C., additional, Suárez Mascareño, A., additional, Barros, S. C. C., additional, González Hernández, J. I., additional, Sozzetti, A., additional, Bouchy, F., additional, Zapatero Osorio, M. R., additional, Rebolo, R., additional, Cristiani, S., additional, Pepe, F. A., additional, Santos, N. C., additional, Sousa, S. G., additional, Tabernero, H. M., additional, Lillo-Box, J., additional, Bossini, D., additional, Adibekyan, V., additional, Allart, R., additional, Damasso, M., additional, D’Odorico, V., additional, Figueira, P., additional, Lavie, B., additional, Lo Curto, G., additional, Mehner, A., additional, Micela, G., additional, Modigliani, A., additional, Nunes, N. J., additional, Pallé, E., additional, Abreu, M., additional, Affolter, M., additional, Alibert, Y., additional, Aliverti, M., additional, Allende Prieto, C., additional, Alves, D., additional, Amate, M., additional, Avila, G., additional, Baldini, V., additional, Bandy, T., additional, Benatti, S., additional, Benz, W., additional, Bianco, A., additional, Broeg, C., additional, Cabral, A., additional, Calderone, G., additional, Cirami, R., additional, Coelho, J., additional, Conconi, P., additional, Coretti, I., additional, Cumani, C., additional, Cupani, G., additional, Deiries, S., additional, Dekker, H., additional, Delabre, B., additional, Demangeon, O., additional, Di Marcantonio, P., additional, Ehrenreich, D., additional, Fragoso, A., additional, Genolet, L., additional, Genoni, M., additional, Génova Santos, R., additional, Hughes, I., additional, Iwert, O., additional, Knudstrup, J., additional, Landoni, M., additional, Lizon, J. L., additional, Maire, C., additional, Manescau, A., additional, Martins, C. J. A. P., additional, Mégevand, D., additional, Molaro, P., additional, Monteiro, M. J. P. F. G., additional, Monteiro, M. A., additional, Moschetti, M., additional, Mueller, E., additional, Oggioni, L., additional, Oliveira, A., additional, Oshagh, M., additional, Pariani, G., additional, Pasquini, L., additional, Poretti, E., additional, Rasilla, J. L., additional, Redaelli, E., additional, Riva, M., additional, Santana Tschudi, S., additional, Santin, P., additional, Santos, P., additional, Segovia, A., additional, Sosnowska, D., additional, Spanò, P., additional, Tenegi, F., additional, Udry, S., additional, Zanutta, A., additional, and Zerbi, F., additional

Published
2020
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22. Revisiting Proxima with ESPRESSO

Author

Suárez Mascareño, A., primary, Faria, J. P., additional, Figueira, P., additional, Lovis, C., additional, Damasso, M., additional, González Hernández, J. I., additional, Rebolo, R., additional, Cristiani, S., additional, Pepe, F., additional, Santos, N. C., additional, Zapatero Osorio, M. R., additional, Adibekyan, V., additional, Hojjatpanah, S., additional, Sozzetti, A., additional, Murgas, F., additional, Abreu, M., additional, Affolter, M., additional, Alibert, Y., additional, Aliverti, M., additional, Allart, R., additional, Allende Prieto, C., additional, Alves, D., additional, Amate, M., additional, Avila, G., additional, Baldini, V., additional, Bandi, T., additional, Barros, S. C. C., additional, Bianco, A., additional, Benz, W., additional, Bouchy, F., additional, Broeng, C., additional, Cabral, A., additional, Calderone, G., additional, Cirami, R., additional, Coelho, J., additional, Conconi, P., additional, Coretti, I., additional, Cumani, C., additional, Cupani, G., additional, D’Odorico, V., additional, Deiries, S., additional, Delabre, B., additional, Di Marcantonio, P., additional, Dumusque, X., additional, Ehrenreich, D., additional, Fragoso, A., additional, Genolet, L., additional, Genoni, M., additional, Génova Santos, R., additional, Hughes, I., additional, Iwert, O., additional, Kerber, F., additional, Knusdstrup, J., additional, Landoni, M., additional, Lavie, B., additional, Lillo-Box, J., additional, Lizon, J., additional, Lo Curto, G., additional, Maire, C., additional, Manescau, A., additional, Martins, C. J. A. P., additional, Mégevand, D., additional, Mehner, A., additional, Micela, G., additional, Modigliani, A., additional, Molaro, P., additional, Monteiro, M. A., additional, Monteiro, M. J. P. F. G., additional, Moschetti, M., additional, Mueller, E., additional, Nunes, N. J., additional, Oggioni, L., additional, Oliveira, A., additional, Pallé, E., additional, Pariani, G., additional, Pasquini, L., additional, Poretti, E., additional, Rasilla, J. L., additional, Redaelli, E., additional, Riva, M., additional, Santana Tschudi, S., additional, Santin, P., additional, Santos, P., additional, Segovia, A., additional, Sosnowska, D., additional, Sousa, S., additional, Spanò, P., additional, Tenegi, F., additional, Udry, S., additional, Zanutta, A., additional, and Zerbi, F., additional

Published
2020
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23. MORFEO optical design and performances: status at preliminary design review

Author

Schreiber, Laura, Schmidt, Dirk, Vernet, Elise, Pariani, G., Magrin, D., Munari, M., Rakich, A., Delabre, B., Kosmalski, J., Rabou, P., Bianco, A., Bergomi, M., Redaelli, E., Aliverti, M., Oggioni, L., Farinato, J., Rodeghiero, G., Greggio, D., Cianniello, V., De Caprio, V., Busoni, L., Foppiani, I., Riva, M., Di Giammatteo, U., and Ciliegi, P.

Published
2022
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24. The Island CGH, a new coding scheme: concept and demonstration

Author

Zamkotsian, Frédéric, Pariani, G., Alata, R., Oggioni, L., Lanzoni, P., Bertarelli, C., Bianco, A., Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Marseille (LAM), and Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
[PHYS]Physics [physics], [PHYS.ASTR.IM]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysic [astro-ph.IM], [SPI.OPTI]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Optics / Photonic, [SPI.SIGNAL]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Signal and Image processing
Abstract

International audience; Computer generated holograms (CGHs) are powerful optical elements used in many fields, such as wavefront shaping, quality testing of complex optics, and anti-counterfeiting devices. The Lee algorithm is the most used to generate binary amplitude Fourier holograms. Grayscale CGHs are known to give a higher reconstruction quality than binary holograms, but they usually require a cumbersome production process. A very simple and straightforward method of manufacturing rewritable grayscale CGHs is proposed here by taking advantage of two key components: a digital micro-mirror device (DMDs) and a photochromic plate. An innovative algorithm, named Island algorithm, able to generate grayscale amplitude Fourier CGHs, is reported and compared with the standard Lee approach, based on 9 levels. A crucial advantage lies on the fact that the increase or decrease of the quantification does not affect the spatial resolution. In other words, the new coding leads to a higher spatial resolution (for a given CGH size) and a reconstructed image with an order of magnitude higher contrast with respect to the classical Lee-coded hologram. In order to show the huge potential of our approach, a 201 level Island hologram is designed, produced and reconstructed, pushing the contrast to values higher than 10 4. These results reveal the potential of our process as well as our algorithm for generating programmable grayscale CGHs.

Published
2019
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26. ANDES, the high resolution spectrograph for the ELT: science goals, project overview, and future developments

Author

Bryant, Julia J., Motohara, Kentaro, Vernet, Joël R. D., Marconi, A., Abreu, M., Adibekyan, V., Alberti, V., Albrecht, S., Alcaniz, J., Aliverti, M., Allende Prieto, C., Alvarado-Gomez, J. D., Alves, C. S., Amado, P. J., Amate, M., Andersen, M. I., Antoniucci, S., Artigau, E., Bailet, C., Baker, C., Baldini, V., Balestra, A., Barnes, S. A., Baron, F., Barros, S. C. C., Bauer, S. M., Beaulieu, M., Bellido-Tirado, O., Benneke, B., Bensby, T., Bergin, E. A., Berio, P., Biazzo, K., Bigot, L., Bik, A., Birkby, J. L., Blind, N., Boebion, O., Boisse, I., Bolmont, E., Bolton, J. S., Bonaglia, M., Bonfils, X., Bonhomme, L., Borsa, F., Bouret, J.-C., Brandeker, A., Brandner, W., Broeg, C. H., Brogi, M., Brousseau, D., Brucalassi, A., Brynnel, J., Buchhave, L. A., Buscher, D. F., Cabona, L., Cabral, A., Calderone, G., Calvo-Ortega, R., Cantalloube, F., Canto Martins, B. L., Carbonaro, L., Caujolle, Y., Chauvin, G., Chazelas, B., Cheffot, A.-L., Cheng, Y. S., Chiavassa, A., Christensen, L., Cirami, R., Cirasuolo, M., Cook, N. J., Cooke, R. J., Coretti, I., Covino, S., Cowan, N., Cresci, G., Cristiani, S., Cunha Parro, V., Cupani, G., D'Odorico, V., Dadi, K., de Castro Leão, I., De Cia, A., De Medeiros, J. R., Debras, F., Debus, M., Delorme, A., Demangeon, O., Derie, F., Dessauges-Zavadsky, M., Di Marcantonio, P., Di Stefano, S., Dionies, F., Domiciano de Souza, A., Doyon, R., Dunn, J., Egner, S., Ehrenreich, D., Faria, J. P., Ferruzzi, D., Feruglio, C., Fisher, M., Fontana, A., Frank, B. S., Fuesslein, C., Fumagalli, M., Fusco, T., Fynbo, J., Gabella, O., Gaessler, W., Gallo, E., Gao, X., Genolet, L., Genoni, M., Giacobbe, P., Giro, E., Gonçalves, R. S., Gonzalez, O. A., González-Hernández, J. I., Gouvret, C., Gracia Témich, F., Haehnelt, M. G., Haniff, C., Hatzes, A., Helled, R., Hoeijmakers, H. J., Hughes, I., Huke, P., Ivanisenko, Y., Järvinen, A. S., Järvinen, S. P., Kaminski, A., Kern, J., Knoche, J., Kordt, A., Korhonen, H., Korn, A. J., Kouach, D., Kowzan, G., Kreidberg, L., Landoni, M., Lanotte, A. A., Lavail, A., Lavie, B., Lee, D., Lehmitz, M., Li, J., Li, W., Liske, J., Lovis, C., Lucatello, S., Lunney, D., MacIntosh, M. J., Madhusudhan, N., Magrini, L., Maiolino, R., Maldonado, J., Malo, L., Man, A. W. S., Marquart, T., Marques, C. M. J., Marques, E. L., Martinez, P., Martins, A., Martins, C. J. A. P., Martins, J. H. C., Maslowski, P., Mason, C., Mason, E., McCracken, R. A., Melo e Sousa, M. A. F., Mergo, P., Micela, G., Milaković, D., Mollière, P., Monteiro, M. A., Montgomery, D., Mordasini, C., Morin, J., Mucciarelli, A., Murphy, M. T., N'Diaye, M., Nardetto, N., Neichel, B., Neri, N., Niedzielski, A. T., Niemczura, E., Nisini, B., Nortmann, L., Noterdaeme, P., Nunes, N. J., Oggioni, L., Olchewsky, F., Oliva, E., Önel, H., Origlia, L., Östlin, G., Ouellette, N. N.-Q., Pallé, E., Papaderos, P., Pariani, G., Pasquini, L., Peñate Castro, J., Pepe, F., Peroux, C., Perreault Levasseur, L., Perruchot, S., Petit, P., Pfuhl, O., Pino, L., Piqueras, J., Piskunov, N., Pollo, A., Poppenhaeger, K., Porru, M., Puschnig, J., Quirrenbach, A., Rauscher, E., Rebolo, R., Redaelli, E. M. A., Reffert, S., Reid, D. T., Reiners, A., Richter, P., Riva, M., Rivoire, S., Rodríguez-López, C., Roederer, I. U., Romano, D., Roth, M., Rousseau, S., Rowe, J., Saccardi, A., Salvadori, S., Sanna, N., Santos, N. C., Santos Diaz, P., Sanz-Forcada, J., Sarajlic, M., Sauvage, J.-F., Savio, D., Scaudo, A., Schäfer, S., Schiavon, R. P., Schmidt, T. M., Selmi, C., Simoes, R., Simonnin, A., Sivanandam, S., Sordet, M., Sordo, R., Sortino, F., Sosnowska, D., Sousa, S. G., Spang, A., Spiga, R., Stempels, E., Stevenson, J. R. Y., Strassmeier, K. G., Suárez Mascareño, A., Sulich, A., Sun, X., Tanvir, N. R., Tenegi-Sanginés, F., Thibault, S., Thompson, S. J., Tisserand, P., Tozzi, A., Turbet, M., Véran, J.-P., Vallée, P., Vanni, I., Varas, R., Vega-Moreno, A., Venn, K. A., Verma, A., Vernet, J., Viel, M., Wade, G., Waring, C., Weber, M., Weder, J., Wehbé, B., Weingrill, J., Woche, M., Xompero, M., Zackrisson, E., Zanutta, A., Zapatero Osorio, M. R., Zechmeister, M., and Zimara, J.

Published
2024
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30. ESPRESSO front end guiding algorithms: from design phase to implementation and validation toward the commissioning

Author

Landoni, M., additional, Riva, M., additional, Pepe, F., additional, Aliverti, M., additional, Cabral, A., additional, Calderone, G., additional, Cirami, R., additional, Cristiani, S., additional, Di Marcantonio, P., additional, Genoni, M., additional, Mégevand, D., additional, Moschetti, M., additional, Oggioni, L., additional, and Pariani, G., additional

Published
2016
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31. Infusion Micro-Pump Development Using MEMS Technology

Author

Eric Chappel, Conan, C., Mefti, S., Cannehan, F., Lettieri, G. -L, Proennecke, S., Zanotti, L., Ferrera, M., Merassi, A., Oggioni, L., Perletti, M., Sciutti, A., and Chappel, Eric

Subjects
MEMS - Micro Electro Mechanical System, Manufacturing Process, Micropump, [SPI.NANO] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Micro and nanotechnologies/Microelectronics, Insulin pump, Diabetes care
Abstract

Diabetes is a chronic condition that occurs when the pancreas does not produce enough insulin or when the body cannot effectively use the insulin it produces. People having type 1 diabetes require insulin (10% of all diabetics). People with type 2 diabetes can be treated with oral medication, but may also require insulin; 10% of all type 2 diabetics require insulin. Among the actual different methods to administer insulin (syringes, pens and conventional infusion pumps) a possibility to increase infuser performances is offered by the utilization of silicon based MEMS pumps (Micro- Electro Mechanical Systems). The main two pump families are classified as mechanical and non-mechanical pumps. The former contains check-valve, peristaltic, rectification without valves and rotary ones (“Displacement Pumps”) or Ultrasonic and Centrifugal (“Dynamic Pumps”); the latter consists in Pressure, Concentration, Electrical Potential gradients and Magnetic Potential micro-pumps. The micro-pump described here is an electro-mechanical device actuated with a piezoelectric-element and based on MEMS technology, able to minimize size and costs, offering a high precision pharmacological dispense. Three slices are bonded to reach the final results: top and bottom caps and an intermediate SOI. In case of anodic bonding, top and bottom caps are constituted of micromachined borophosphosilicate wafers, whereas in case of metallic bonding three silicon slices are used. The paper deals with the fabrication evolution of the device according to the different items that had to be faced during development: design, fluidic, mechanical and electrical simulations and characterization, safety requirements and final testing. Built-in reliability is ensured by two inner sensors able to detect any occlusion or malfunctioning and informing so the patient. The result is a compact, core pump chip that can deliver from 0.02 Units of insulin up to 3.6 Units per minute with accuracy better than 5%.

Published
2012

37. From assembly to the complete integration and verification of the SOXS common path

Author

Evans, Christopher J., Bryant, Julia J., Motohara, Kentaro, Radhakrishnan Santhakumari, Kalyan Kumar, Battaini, Federico, Claudi, Riccardo, Slemer, Alessandra, Biondi, F., Munari, M., Sanchez, R. Z., Aliverti, M., Oggioni, L., Colapietro, M., Ricci, D., Lessio, L., Dima, M., Marafatto, L., Campana, S., Schipani, P., D'Orsi, S., Salasnich, B., Baruffolo, A., Ben-Ami, S., Capasso, G., Cosentino, R., D'Alessio, F., D'Avanzo, P., Hershko, O., Kuncarayakti, H., Landoni, M., Pignata, G., Rubin, A., Scuderi, S., Vitali, F., Young, D., Achrén, J., Araiza-Durán, José Antonio, Brucalassi, Anna, Bruch, R., Cappellaro, Enrico, Di Benedetto, R., Gal-Yam, A., Genoni, Matteo, Hernandez, M., Kotilainen, J., Li Causi, G., Mattila, S., Rappaport, Michael, Riva, M., Smartt, S., Stritzinger, M., and Venturae, H.

Published
2022
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38. SOXS mechanical integration and verification in Italy

Author

Evans, Christopher J., Bryant, Julia J., Motohara, Kentaro, Aliverti, M., Battaini, F., Radhakrishnan, K., Genoni, M., Pariani, G., Oggioni, L., Hershko, O., Colapietro, M., D'Orsi, S., Brucalassi, A., Pignata, G., Kuncarayakti, H., Campana, S., Claudi, R., Schipani, P., Achrén, J., Araiza Durán, J. A., Arcavi, I., Baruffolo, A., Ben-Ami, S., Bruch, R., Capasso, G., Cappellaro, E., Cosentino, R., D'Alessio, F., D'Avanzo, P., Della Valle, M., De Pascale, M., Di Benedetto, R., Gal-Yam, A., Hernandez Díaz, M., Kotilainen, J., Landoni, M., Li Causi, G., Mattila, S., Munari, M., Rappaport, M., Redaelli, K. E. M. A., Ricci, D., Riva, M., Rubin, A., Salasnich, B., Smartt, S., Zanmar Sanchez, R., Scuderi, S., Stritzinger, M., Pérez Ventura, H., Vitali, F., and Young, D.

Published
2022
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39. A precise architecture characterization of the π Mensae planetary system

Author

Damasso, M., Sozzetti, A., Lovis, C., Barros, S. C. C., Sousa, S. G., Demangeon, O. D. S., Faria, J. P., Lillo-Box, J., Cristiani, S., Pepe, F., Rebolo, R., Santos, N. C., Zapatero Osorio, M. R., González Hernández, J. I., Amate, M., Pasquini, L., Zerbi, F. M., Adibekyan, V., Abreu, M., Affolter, M., Alibert, Y., Aliverti, M., Allart, R., Allende Prieto, C., Álvarez, D., Alves, D., Avila, G., Baldini, V., Bandy, T., Benz, Willy, Bianco, A., Borsa, F., Bossini, D., Bourrier, V., Bouchy, F., Broeg, C., Cabral, A., Calderone, G., Cirami, R., Coelho, J., Conconi, P., Coretti, I., Cumani, C., Cupani, G., D’Odorico, V., Deiries, S., Dekker, H., Delabre, B., Di Marcantonio, P., Dumusque, X., Ehrenreich, D., Figueira, P., Fragoso, A., Genolet, L., Genoni, M., Génova Santos, R., Hughes, I., Iwert, O., Kerber, F., Knudstrup, J., Landoni, M., Lavie, B., Lizon, J.-L., Lo Curto, G., Maire, C., Martins, C. J. A. P., Mégevand, D., Mehner, A., Micela, G., Modigliani, A., Molaro, P., Monteiro, M. A., Monteiro, M. J. P. F. G., Moschetti, M., Mueller, E., Murphy, M. T., Nunes, N., Oggioni, L., Oliveira, A., Oshagh, M., Pallé, E., Pariani, G., Poretti, E., Rasilla, J. L., Rebordão, J., Redaelli, E. M., Riva, M., Santana Tschudi, S., Santin, P., Santos, P., Ségransan, D., Schmidt, T. M., Segovia, A., Sosnowska, D., Spanò, P., Suárez Mascareño, A., Tabernero, H., Tenegi, F., Udry, S., and Zanutta, A.

Subjects
13. Climate action, 520 Astronomy, Astrophysics::Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, 500 Science, 620 Engineering, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics
Abstract

The bright star π Men was chosen as the first target for a radial velocity follow-up to test the performance of ESPRESSO, the new high-resolution spectrograph at the ESO's Very-Large Telescope (VLT). The star hosts a multi-planet system (a transiting 4 M⊕ planet at ∼0.07 au, and a sub-stellar companion on a ∼2100-day eccentric orbit) which is particularly appealing for a precise multi-technique characterization. With the new ESPRESSO observations, that cover a time span of 200 days, we aim to improve the precision and accuracy of the planet parameters and search for additional low-mass companions. We also take advantage of new photometric transits of π Men c observed by TESS over a time span that overlaps with that of the ESPRESSO follow-up campaign. We analyse the enlarged spectroscopic and photometric datasets and compare the results to those in the literature. We further characterize the system by means of absolute astrometry with Hipparcos and Gaia. We used the spectra of ESPRESSO for an independent determination of the stellar fundamental parameters. We present a precise characterization of the planetary system around π Men. The ESPRESSO radial velocities alone (with typical uncertainty of 10 cm/s) allow for a precise retrieval of the Doppler signal induced by π Men c. The residuals show an RMS of 1.2 m/s, and we can exclude companions with a minimum mass less than ∼2 M⊕ within the orbit of π Men c). We improve the ephemeris of π Men c using 18 additional TESS transits, and in combination with the astrometric measurements, we determine the inclination of the orbital plane of π Men b with high precision (ib=45.8+1.4−1.1 deg). This leads to the precise measurement of its absolute mass mb=14.1+0.5−0.4 MJup, and shows that the planetary orbital planes are highly misaligned.

40. Unraveling one of the densest planets known to date

Author

Toledo-Padrón, B., Lovis, C., Suárez Mascareño, A., Barros, S. C. C., González Hernández, J. I., Sozzetti, A., Bouchy, F., Zapatero Osorio, M. R., Rebolo, R., Cristiani, S., Pepe, F. A., Santos, N. C., Sousa, S. G., Tabernero, H. M., Lillo-Box, J., Bossini, D., Adibekyan, V., Allart, R., Damasso, M., D’Odorico, V., Figueira, P., Lavie, B., Lo Curto, G., Mehner, A., Micela, G., Modigliani, A., Nunes, N. J., Pallé, E., Abreu, M., Affolter, M., Alibert, Y., Aliverti, M., Allende Prieto, C., Alves, D., Amate, M., Avila, G., Baldini, V., Bandy, T., Benatti, S., Benz, W., Bianco, A., Broeg, C., Cabral, A., Calderone, G., Cirami, R., Coelho, J., Conconi, P., Coretti, I., Cumani, C., Cupani, G., Deiries, S., Dekker, H., Delabre, B., Demangeon, O., Di Marcantonio, P., Ehrenreich, D., Fragoso, A., Genolet, L., Genoni, M., Génova Santos, R., Hughes, I., Iwert, O., Knudstrup, J., Landoni, M., Lizon, J. L., Maire, C., Manescau, A., Martins, C. J. A. P., Mégevand, D., Molaro, P., Monteiro, M. J. P. F. G., Monteiro, M. A., Moschetti, M., Mueller, E., Oggioni, L., Oliveira, A., Oshagh, M., Pariani, G., Pasquini, L., Poretti, E., Rasilla, J. L., Redaelli, E., Riva, M., Santana Tschudi, S., Santin, P., Santos, P., Segovia, A., Sosnowska, D., Spanò, P., Tenegi, F., Udry, S., Zanutta, A., and Zerbi, F.

Subjects
530 Physics, 520 Astronomy, 500 Science, 620 Engineering
Abstract

We characterized the transiting planetary system orbiting the G2V star K2-38 using the new-generation echelle spectrograph ESPRESSO. We carried out a photometric analysis of the available K2 photometric light curve of this star to measure the radius of its two known planets. Using 43 ESPRESSO high-precision radial velocity measurements taken over the course of 8 months along with the 14 previously published HIRES RV measurements, we modeled the orbits of the two planets through a MCMC analysis, significantly improving their mass measurements. Using ESPRESSO spectra, we derived the stellar parameters, Teff=5731±66, logg=4.38±0.11~dex, and [Fe/H]=0.26±0.05~dex, and thus the mass and radius of K2-38, M⋆=1.03 +0.04−0.02~M⊕ and R⋆=1.06 +0.09−0.06~R⊕. We determine new values for the planetary properties of both planets. We characterize K2-38b as a super-Earth with RP=1.54±0.14~R⊕ and Mp=7.3+1.1−1.0~M⊕, and K2-38c as a sub-Neptune with RP=2.29±0.26~R⊕ and Mp=8.3+1.3−1.3~M⊕. We derived a mean density of ρp=11.0+4.1−2.8~g cm−3 for K2-38b and ρp=3.8+1.8−1.1~g~cm−3 for K2-38c, confirming K2-38b as one of the densest planets known to date. The best description for the composition of K2-38b comes from an iron-rich Mercury-like model, while K2-38c is better described by a rocky model with a H2 envelope. The maximum collision stripping boundary shows how giant impacts could be the cause for the high density of K2-38b. The irradiation received by each planet places them on opposite sides of the radius valley. We find evidence of a long-period signal in the radial velocity time-series whose origin could be linked to a 0.25-3~MJ planet or stellar activity.

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41. ESPRESSO at VLT

Author

Pepe, F., Cristiani, S., Rebolo, R., Santos, N. C., Dekker, H., Cabral, A., Di Marcantonio, P., Figueira, P., Lo Curto, G., Lovis, C., Mayor, M., Mégevand, D., Molaro, P., Riva, M., Zapatero Osorio, M. R., Amate, M., Manescau, A., Pasquini, L., Zerbi, F. M., Adibekyan, V., Abreu, M., Affolter, M., Alibert, Y., Aliverti, M., Allart, R., Allende Prieto, C., Álvarez, D., Alves, D., Avila, G., Baldini, V., Bandy, T., Barros, S. C. C., Benz, W., Bianco, A., Borsa, F., Bourrier, V., Bouchy, F., Broeg, C., Calderone, G., Cirami, R., Coelho, J., Conconi, P., Coretti, I., Cumani, C., Cupani, G., D’Odorico, V., Damasso, M., Deiries, S., Delabre, B., Demangeon, O. D. S., Dumusque, X., Ehrenreich, D., Faria, J. P., Fragoso, A., Genolet, L., Genoni, M., Génova Santos, R., González Hernández, J. I., Hughes, I., Iwert, O., Kerber, F., Knudstrup, J., Landoni, M., Lavie, B., Lillo-Box, J., Lizon, J.-L., Maire, C., Martins, C. J. A. P., Mehner, A., Micela, G., Modigliani, A., Monteiro, M. A., Monteiro, M. J. P. F. G., Moschetti, M., Murphy, M. T., Nunes, N., Oggioni, L., Oliveira, A., Oshagh, M., Pallé, E., Pariani, G., Poretti, E., Rasilla, J. L., Rebordão, J., Redaelli, E. M., Santana Tschudi, S., Santin, P., Santos, P., Ségransan, D., Schmidt, T. M., Segovia, A., Sosnowska, D., Sozzetti, A., Sousa, S. G., Spanò, P., Suárez Mascareño, A., Tabernero, H., Tenegi, F., Udry, S., and Zanutta, A.

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42. High response photochromic films based on D-A diarylethenes and their application in holography.

Author

Mantero MC, Oggioni L, Pariani G, Ortica F, Tosi S, Canepa M, Bertarelli C, Tommasini M, and Bianco A

Abstract

A set of photochromic dithienylethenes bearing amino and nitro groups are synthesised and embedded at high concentrations in a polymer matrix (Cellulose Acetate Butyrate, CAB) to produce films showing a large reversible modulation of the complex refractive index in the Vis-NIR spectral range, thanks to an interesting combination of remarkable response at the molecular level and very high load capability in the chosen matrix. The photochromic derivatives are characterized in solution and in CAB films by means of electronic and vibrational spectroscopy, complemented by DFT calculations. Both the real and imaginary part of the refractive index are determined by spectroscopic ellipsometry. The modulation of the refractive index in the near infrared is in the range 0.02-0.04. These are very large values for such kinds of systems and they are due to a favourable combination of very large solubility of the derivatives in CAB and a high polarisability change. As for the change in transparency in the visible, contrast values larger than 10 3 are easily achieved. Based on such films, holograms are written and reconstructed with a very high fidelity and efficiency., Competing Interests: There are no conflicts to declare., (This journal is © The Royal Society of Chemistry.)

Published
2020
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43. Nightside condensation of iron in an ultrahot giant exoplanet.

Author

Ehrenreich D, Lovis C, Allart R, Zapatero Osorio MR, Pepe F, Cristiani S, Rebolo R, Santos NC, Borsa F, Demangeon O, Dumusque X, González Hernández JI, Casasayas-Barris N, Ségransan D, Sousa S, Abreu M, Adibekyan V, Affolter M, Allende Prieto C, Alibert Y, Aliverti M, Alves D, Amate M, Avila G, Baldini V, Bandy T, Benz W, Bianco A, Bolmont É, Bouchy F, Bourrier V, Broeg C, Cabral A, Calderone G, Pallé E, Cegla HM, Cirami R, Coelho JMP, Conconi P, Coretti I, Cumani C, Cupani G, Dekker H, Delabre B, Deiries S, D'Odorico V, Di Marcantonio P, Figueira P, Fragoso A, Genolet L, Genoni M, Génova Santos R, Hara N, Hughes I, Iwert O, Kerber F, Knudstrup J, Landoni M, Lavie B, Lizon JL, Lendl M, Lo Curto G, Maire C, Manescau A, Martins CJAP, Mégevand D, Mehner A, Micela G, Modigliani A, Molaro P, Monteiro M, Monteiro M, Moschetti M, Müller E, Nunes N, Oggioni L, Oliveira A, Pariani G, Pasquini L, Poretti E, Rasilla JL, Redaelli E, Riva M, Santana Tschudi S, Santin P, Santos P, Segovia Milla A, Seidel JV, Sosnowska D, Sozzetti A, Spanò P, Suárez Mascareño A, Tabernero H, Tenegi F, Udry S, Zanutta A, and Zerbi F

Abstract

Ultrahot giant exoplanets receive thousands of times Earth's insolation 1,2 . Their high-temperature atmospheres (greater than 2,000 kelvin) are ideal laboratories for studying extreme planetary climates and chemistry 3-5 . Daysides are predicted to be cloud-free, dominated by atomic species 6 and much hotter than nightsides 5,7,8 . Atoms are expected to recombine into molecules over the nightside 9 , resulting in different day and night chemistries. Although metallic elements and a large temperature contrast have been observed 10-14 , no chemical gradient has been measured across the surface of such an exoplanet. Different atmospheric chemistry between the day-to-night ('evening') and night-to-day ('morning') terminators could, however, be revealed as an asymmetric absorption signature during transit 4,7,15 . Here we report the detection of an asymmetric atmospheric signature in the ultrahot exoplanet WASP-76b. We spectrally and temporally resolve this signature using a combination of high-dispersion spectroscopy with a large photon-collecting area. The absorption signal, attributed to neutral iron, is blueshifted by -11 ± 0.7 kilometres per second on the trailing limb, which can be explained by a combination of planetary rotation and wind blowing from the hot dayside 16 . In contrast, no signal arises from the nightside close to the morning terminator, showing that atomic iron is not absorbing starlight there. We conclude that iron must therefore condense during its journey across the nightside.

Published
2020
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44. The Island CGH, a new coding scheme: concept and demonstration.

Author

Zamkotsian F, Pariani G, Alata R, Oggioni L, Lanzoni P, Bertarelli C, and Bianco A

Abstract

Computer generated holograms (CGHs) are powerful optical elements used in many fields, such as wavefront shaping, quality testing of complex optics, and anti-counterfeiting devices. The Lee algorithm is the most used to generate binary amplitude Fourier holograms. Grayscale CGHs are known to give a higher reconstruction quality than binary holograms, but they usually require a cumbersome production process. A very simple and straightforward method of manufacturing rewritable grayscale CGHs is proposed here by taking advantage of two key components: a digital micro-mirror device (DMDs) and a photochromic plate. An innovative algorithm, named Island algorithm, able to generate grayscale amplitude Fourier CGHs, is reported and compared with the standard Lee approach, based on 9 levels. A crucial advantage lies on the fact that the increase or decrease of the quantification does not affect the spatial resolution. In other words, the new coding leads to a higher spatial resolution (for a given CGH size) and a reconstructed image with an order of magnitude higher contrast with respect to the classical Lee-coded hologram. In order to show the huge potential of our approach, a 201 level Island hologram is designed, produced and reconstructed, pushing the contrast to values higher than10 4 . These results reveal the potential of our process as well as our algorithm for generating programmable grayscale CGHs.

Published
2019
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45. Holography with Photochromic Diarylethenes.

Author

Oggioni L, Pariani G, Zamkotsian F, Bertarelli C, and Bianco A

Abstract

Photochromic materials are attractive for the development of holograms for different reasons: they show a modulation of the complex refractive index, meaning they are suitable for both amplitude and phase holograms; they are self-developing materials, which do not require any chemical process after the light exposure to obtain the final hologram; the holograms are rewritable, making the system a convenient reconfigurable platform for these types of diffractive elements. In this paper, we will show the features of photochromic materials, in particular diarylethenes in terms of the modulation of a transparency and refractive index, which are mandatory for their use in holography. Moreover, we report on the strategies used to write binary and grayscale holograms and their achieved results. The outcomes are general, and they can be further applied to other classes of photochromic materials in order to optimize the system for achieving high efficiency and high fidelity holograms.

Published
2019
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46. Photochromic Polyurethanes Showing a Strong Change of Transparency and Refractive Index.

Author

Oggioni L, Toccafondi C, Pariani G, Colella L, Canepa M, Bertarelli C, and Bianco A

Abstract

Photochromic polymers have been studied as rewritable systems for optical elements with tunable transparency in the visible and refractive index in the NIR. Six diarylethene monomers have been synthesized to give thin films of photochromic polyurethanes. The absorption properties of the monomers in solution and of the corresponding polymeric films have been evaluated showing that a transparency contrast in the visible spectrum of the order of 10 3 can be obtained by a suitable choice of the chemical structure and illumination wavelength. The change in the refractive index in the NIR have been determined by ellipsometry showing changes larger than 10 - 2 . A trend of this variation with the absorption properties has been also highlighted. Fresnel lenses working on the basis of both a change of the transparency and the refractive index (amplitude and phase) have been demonstrated., Competing Interests: The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Published
2017
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47. Analytic calculations of hyper-Raman spectra from density functional theory hyperpolarizability gradients.

Author

Ringholm M, Bast R, Oggioni L, Ekström U, and Ruud K

Subjects
Algorithms, Isomerism, Quantum Theory, Retinaldehyde chemistry, Spectrum Analysis, Raman methods
Abstract

We present the first analytic calculations of the geometrical gradients of the first hyperpolarizability tensors at the density-functional theory (DFT) level. We use the analytically calculated hyperpolarizability gradients to explore the importance of electron correlation effects, as described by DFT, on hyper-Raman spectra. In particular, we calculate the hyper-Raman spectra of the all-trans and 11-cis isomers of retinal at the Hartree-Fock (HF) and density-functional levels of theory, also allowing us to explore the sensitivity of the hyper-Raman spectra on the geometrical characteristics of these structurally related molecules. We show that the HF results, using B3LYP-calculated vibrational frequencies and force fields, reproduce the experimental data for all-trans-retinal well, and that electron correlation effects are of minor importance for the hyper-Raman intensities.

Published
2014
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