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We compute the one-loop divergences in a theory of gravity with Lagrangian of the general form $f(R,R_{\mu\nu}R^{\mu\nu})$, on an Einstein background. We also establish that the one-loop effective action is invariant under a duality that consists of changing certain parameters in the relation between the metric and the quantum fluctuation field. Finally, we discuss the unimodular version of such a theory and establish its equivalence at one-loop order with the general case., Comment: 14 pages, v2:minor corrections, refs. added/modified

We compute the one-loop effective action in unimodular gravity, starting from two different classical formulations of the theory. We find that the effective action is the same in both cases, and agrees with the one of General Relativity.

We compute the one-loop divergences in a higher-derivative theory of gravity including Ricci tensor squared and Ricci scalar squared terms, in addition to the Hilbert and cosmological terms, on an (generally off-shell) Einstein background. We work with a two-parameter family of parametrizations of the graviton field, and a two-parameter family of gauges. We find that there are some choices of gauge or parametrization that reduce the dependence on the remaining parameters. The results are invariant under a recently discovered "duality" that involves the replacement of the densitized metric by a densitized inverse metric as the fundamental quantum variable., Comment: 29 pages, to appear in EPJC

We perform a general computation of the off-shell one-loop divergences in Einstein gravity, in a two-parameter family of path integral measures, corresponding to different ways of parametrizing the graviton field, and a two-parameter family of gauges. Trying to reduce the gauge- and measure-dependence selects certain classes of measures and gauges respectively. There is a choice of two parameters (corresponding to the exponential parametrization and the partial gauge condition that the quantum field be traceless) that automatically eliminates the dependence on the remaining two parameters and on the cosmological constant. We observe that the divergences are invariant under a $\mathbf{Z}_2$ "duality" transformation that (in a particularly important special case) involves the replacement of the densitized metric by a densitized inverse metric as the fundamental quantum variable. This singles out a formulation of unimodular gravity as the unique "self-dual" theory in this class., Comment: 23 pages, 16 figures, minor improvements, to appear in JHEP

Optical conductivity s(w) of PrRu4P12 has been studied under high pressure to 14 GPa, at low temperatures to 8 K, and at photon energies 12 meV-1.1 eV. The energy gap in s(w) at ambient pressure, caused by a metal-insulator transition due to an unconventional charge-density-wave formation at 63 K, is gradually filled in with increasing pressure to 10 GPa. At 14 GPa and below 30 K, s(w) exhibits a pronounced Drude-type component due to free carriers. This indicates that the initial insulating ground state at zero pressure has been turned into a metallic one at 14 GPa. This is consistent with a previous resistivity study under pressure, where the resistivity rapidly decreased with cooling below 30 K at 14 GPa. The evolution of electronic structure with pressure is discussed in terms of the hybridization between the 4f and conduction electrons., Comment: 7 pages, 6 figures

It is well-known that ($N$, $M$) 5-branes of type IIB supergravity form a non-threshold bound state with ($N'$, $M'$) strings called the (F, D1, NS5, D5) bound state where the strings lie along one of the spatial directions of the 5-branes (hep-th/9905056). By taking low energy limits in appropriate ways on this supergravity configuration, we obtain the supergravity duals of various decoupled theories in (5+1) dimensions corresponding to noncommutative open string (NCOS) theory, open D-string (OD1) theory and open D5-brane (OD5) theory. We then study the $SL(2, Z)$ transformation properties of these theories. We show that when the asymptotic value of the axion ($\chi_0$) is rational (for which $\chi_0$ can be put to zero), NCOS theory is always related to OD1 theory by strong-weak or S-duality symmetry. We also discuss the self-duality conjecture (hep-th/0006062) of both NCOS and OD1 theories. On the other hand, when $\chi_0$ is irrational, we find that $SL(2, Z)$ duality on NCOS theory gives another NCOS theory with different values of the parameters, but for OD1 theory $SL(2,Z)$ duality always gives an NCOS theory. $SL(2, Z)$ transformation on OD5 theory reveals that it gives rise to Little String Theory (LST) when $\chi_0$ = rational, but it gives another OD5 theory with different values of the parameters when $\chi_0$ is irrational., Comment: 28 pages, LaTeX, no figures, v4: a para in the introduction added to emphasize the motivation and a conclusion added, published version

We show that the (M5, M2, M2$'$, MW) bound state solution of eleven dimensional supergravity recently constructed in hep-th/0009147 is related to the (M5, M2) bound state one by a finite Lorentz boost along a M5-brane direction perpendicular to the M2-brane. Given the (M5, M2) bound state as a defining system for OM theory and the above relation between this system and the (M5, M2, M2', MW) bound state, we test the recently proposed V-duality conjecture in OM theory. Insisting to have a decoupled OM theory, we find that the allowed Lorentz boost has to be infinitesimally small, therefore resulting in a family of OM theories related by Galilean boosts. We argue that such related OM theories are equivalent to each other. In other words, V-duality holds for OM theory as well. Upon compactification on either an electric or a `magnetic' circle (plus T-dualities as well), the V-duality for OM theory gives the known one for either noncommutative open string theories or noncommutative Yang-Mills theories. This further implies that V-duality holds in general for the little m-theory without gravity., Comment: 17 pages, typos corrected and references added

We obtain the M5-M2-MW bound state solutions of 11-dimensional supergravity corresponding to the 1/2 supersymmetric vacua of the M5-brane equations with constant background fields. In the `near-horizon' case the solution interpolates between the $adS_7\times S^4$ Kaluza-Klein vacuum and D=11 Minkowski spacetime via a Domain Wall spacetime. We discuss implications for renormalization group flow of (2,0) D=6 field theories., Comment: 8 pp. Latex. Minor corrections made in revised version

It has been known that D=5 simple supergravity resembles D=11 supergravity in many respects. We present their further resemblances in (1) the duality groups upon dimensional reduction, and (2) the worldsheet structure of the solitonic string of the D=5 supergravity. We show that the D=3, G_{2(+2)}/SO(4) (bosonic) nonlinear sigma model is obtained by using Freudenthal's construction in parallel to the derivation of the D=3, E_{8(+8)}/SO(16) sigma model from D=11 supergravity. The zero modes of the string solution with unbroken (4,0) supersymmetry consist of three (non-chiral) scalars, four Majorana-Weyl spinors of the same chirality and one chiral scalar, which suggests a duality to a certain six-dimensional chiral string theory. The worldsheet gravitational anomaly indicates a quantum correction to the Bianchi identity for the dualized two-form gauge field in the bulk just like the M5-brane case., Comment: 12 pages, references added

Within a BRST formulation, we determine the expressions of the consistent anomaly for superstrings with extended worldsheet supersymmetries of rank N. We consider the O(N) superconformal algebras up to N=4, as well as the `small N=4' superalgebra. This is done using a superfield formalism, allowing to recover previous results that were expressed in components. Moreover, we identify the `small N=4' algebra as the constrained `large N=4' via a self-duality like condition in superspace., Comment: 11 pages, Latex

We discuss the relation between the micro-canonical and the canonical ensemble for black holes, and highlight some problems associated with extreme black holes already at the classical level. Then we discuss the contribution of quantum fields and demonstrate that the partition functions for scalar and Dirac (Majorana) fields in static space-time backgrounds, can be expressed as functional integrals in the corresponding optical space, and point out that the difference between this and the functional integrals in the original metric is a Liouville-type action. The optical method gives both the correction to the black hole entropy and the bulk contribution to the entropy due to the radiation, while (if the Liouville term is ignored) the conical singularity method just gives the divergent contribution to the black hole entropy. A simple derivation of a general formula for the free energy in the high-temperature approximation is given and applied to various cases. We conclude with a discussion of the second law., Comment: 26 pages, latex, no figures. References added, minor error corrected

We show that the partition function for a scalar field in a static spacetime background can be expressed as a functional integral in the corresponding optical space, and point out that the difference between this and the functional integral in the original metric is a Liouville type action. A general formula for the free energy is derived in the high temperature approximation and applied to various cases. In particular we find that thermodynamics in the extremal Reissner-Nordstr\"om space has extra singularities that make it ill-defined., Comment: 10 pages, phyzzx (added references)