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9. HIV treatment outcomes among people who acquired HIV via injecting drug use in the Asia‐Pacific region: a longitudinal cohort study

Author

Han, Win Min, Jiamsakul, Awachana, Salleh, Nur Afiqah Mohd, Choi, Jun Yong, Huy, Bui Vu, Yunihastuti, Evy, Do, Cuong Duy, Merati, Tuti P., Gani, Yasmin M., Kiertiburanakul, Sasisopin, Zhang, Fujie, Chan, Yu?Jiun, Lee, Man?Po, Chaiwarith, Romanee, Ng, Oon Tek, Khusuwan, Suwimon, Ditangco, Rossana, Kumarasamy, Nagalingeswaran, Sangle, Shashikala, Ross, Jeremy, Avihingsanon, Anchalee, Ly, Ps, Khol, V, Zhang, Fj, Zhao, Hx, Han, N, Lee, Mp, Li, Pck, Lam, W, Chan, Yt, Kumarasamy, N, Ezhilarasi, C, Pujari, S, Joshi, K, Gaikwad, S, Chitalikar, A, Sangle, S, Mave, V, Marbaniang, I, Nimkar, S, Merati, Tp, Wirawan, Dn, Yuliana, F, Yunihastuti, E, Widhani, A, Maria, S, Karjadi, Th, Oka, S, Nishijima, T, Choi, Jy, Na, S, Kim, Jm, Gani, Ym, Rudi, Nb, Azwa, I, Kamarulzaman, A, Omar, Sf Syed, Ponnampalavanar, S, Ditangco, R, Pasayan, Mk, Mationg, Ml, Chan, Yj, Ku, Ww, Wu, Pc, Ke, E, Ng, Ot, Lim, Pl, Lee, Ls, Liang, D, Avihingsanon, A, Gatechompol, S, Phanuphak, P, Phadungphon, C, Kiertiburanakul, S, Phuphuakrat, A, Chumla, L, Sanmeema, N, Chaiwarith, R, Sirisanthana, T, Praparattanapan, J, Nuket, K, Khusuwan, S, Kantipong, P, Kambua, P, Nguyen, Kv, Bui, Hv, Nguyen, Dth, Nguyen, Dt, Do, Cd, Ngo, Av, Nguyen, Lt, Sohn, Ah, Ross, Jl, Petersen, B, Law, Mg, Jiamsakul, A, Bijker, R, and Rupasinghe, D

Subjects
Antiviral agents -- Dosage and administration, Intravenous drug abuse -- Complications and side effects -- Care and treatment, HIV infection -- Causes of -- Care and treatment, Health
Abstract

: INTRODUCTION: Data on HIV treatment outcomes in people who inject drugs (PWID) in the Asia‐Pacific are sparse despite the high burden of drug use. We assessed immunological and virological responses, AIDS‐defining events and mortality among PWID receiving antiretroviral therapy (ART). METHODS: We investigated HIV treatment outcomes among people who acquired HIV via injecting drug use in the TREAT Asia HIV Observational Database (TAHOD) between January 2003 and March 2019. Trends in CD4 count and viral suppression (VS, HIV viral load RESULTS: Of 622 PWID from 12 countries in the Asia‐Pacific, 93% were male and the median age at ART initiation was 31 years (IQR, 28 to 34). The median pre‐ART CD4 count was 71 cells/µL. CD4 counts increased over time, with a mean difference of 401 (95% CI, 372 to 457) cells/µL at year‐10 (n = 78). Higher follow‐up HIV viral load and pre‐ART CD4 counts were associated with smaller increases in CD4 counts. Among 361 PWID with ≥1 viral load after six months on ART, proportions with VS were 82%, 88% and 93% at 2‐, 5‐ and 10‐years following ART initiation. There were 52 new AIDS‐defining events and 50 deaths during 3347 person‐years of follow‐up (PYS) (incidence 3.05/100 PYS, 95% CI, 2.51 to 3.70). Previous AIDS or TB diagnosis, lower current CD4 count and adherence CONCLUSIONS: Despite improved outcomes over time, our findings highlight the need for rapid ART initiation and adherence support among PWID within Asian settings., INTRODUCTION Globally, injecting drug use is a major public health concern leading to substantial health burden and transmission risk of blood‐borne infections from injecting equipment sharing behaviours. In a multi‐stage [...]

Published
2021
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10. The occurrence of Simpson's paradox if site-level effect was ignored in the TREAT Asia HIV Observational Database

Author

Ly, P.S., Khol, V., Zhang, F.J., Zhao, H.X., Han, N., Lee, M.P., Li, P.C.K., Lam, W., Chan, Y.T., Kumarasamy, N., Saghayam, S., Ezhilarasi, C., Pujari, S., Joshi, K., Gaikwad, S., Chitalikar, A., Merati, T.P., Wirawan, D.N., Yuliana, F., Yunihastuti, E., Imran, D., Widhani, A., Oka, S., Tanuma, J., Nishijima, T., Choi, J.Y., Na, S., Kim, J.M., Sim, B.L.H., Gani, Y.M., David, R., Kamarulzaman, A., Syed Omar, S.F., Ponnampalavanar, S., Azwa, I., Mustafa, M., Nordin, N., Ditangco, R., Uy, E., Bantique, R., Wong, W.W., Ku, W.W., Wu, P.C., Ng, O.T., Lim, P.L., Lee, L.S., Martinez-Vega, R., Phanuphak, P., Ruxrungtham, K., Avihingsanon, A., Chusut, P., Kiertiburanakul, S., Sungkanuparph, S., Chumla, L., Sanmeema, N., Chaiwarith, R., Sirisanthana, T., Kotarathititum, W., Praparattanapan, J., Kantipong, P., Kambua, P., Ratanasuwan, W., Sriondee, R., Nguyen, K.V., Bui, V.H., Nguyen, D.T.H., Nguyen, D.T., Pham, T.T., Cuong, D.D., Ha, H.L., Sohn, A.H., Durier, N., Petersen, B., Cooper, D.A., Law, M.G., Jiamsakul, A., Boettiger, D.C., Jiamsakul, Awachana, Kerr, Stephen J., Chandrasekaran, Ezhilarasi, Huelgas, Aizobelle, Taecharoenkul, Sineenart, Teeraananchai, Sirinya, Wan, Gang, Ly, Penh Sun, Kiertiburanakul, Sasisopin, and Law, Matthew

Published
2016
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11. Examination of micro-superficial lesions of up to 5 mm in size in the pharyngolaryngeal region.

Author

Ueda, T, Yumii, K, Urabe, Y, Chikuie, N, Takumida, M, Taruya, T, Kono, T, Hamamoto, T, Hattori, M, Oka, S, Tanaka, S, Ishino, T, and Takeno, S

Subjects
DISEASE progression, PREDICTIVE tests, ACADEMIC medical centers, LARYNGEAL tumors, ACQUISITION of data, RETROSPECTIVE studies, CANCER patients, PHARYNX tumors, MEDICAL records, RESEARCH funding, SENSITIVITY & specificity (Statistics), THORACOSCOPY, SQUAMOUS cell carcinoma, SYMPTOMS
Abstract

Objective: For low-grade intraepithelial neoplasia cases, pharyngolaryngeal lesions equal to or less than 5 mm in size do not generally progress to invasive carcinoma. However, micro-superficial lesions equal to or less than 5 mm that showed rapid growth have been recently encountered. This study aimed to identify the characteristics of preferential progression of lesions equal to or less than 5 mm in size. Method: Gross findings, endoscopic findings and pathological results of 55 lesions measuring equal to or less than 5 mm in diameter were retrospectively reviewed to identify factors that distinguish squamous cell carcinoma or high-grade intraepithelial neoplasia from low-grade intraepithelial neoplasia or non-atypia lesions. Results: The overall sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, and positive and negative predictive value of background colouration and intrapapillary capillary loop pattern in differentiation of squamous cell carcinoma or high-grade intraepithelial neoplasia from low-grade intraepithelial neoplasia or non-atypia lesions were all 100 per cent. Conclusion: Diagnosis based on background colouration and the intrapapillary capillary loop pattern on narrow-band imaging facilitates the pathological examination of lesions measuring equal to or less than 5 mm. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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21. Cotrimoxazole prophylaxis decreases tuberculosis risk among Asian patients with HIV

Author

Ku, Stephane Wen?Wei, Jiamsakul, Awachana, Joshi, Kedar, Pasayan, Mark Kristoffer Ungos, Widhani, Alvina, Chaiwarith, Romanee, Kiertiburanakul, Sasisopin, Avihingsanon, Anchalee, Ly, Penh Sun, Kumarasamy, Nagalingeswaran, Do, Cuong D., Merati, Tuti P., Van Nguyen, Kinh, Kamarulzaman, Adeeba, Zhang, Fujie, Lee, Man Po, Choi, Jun Yong, Tanuma, Junko, Khusuwan, Suwimon, Sim, Benedict Lim Heng, Ng, Oon Tek, Ratanasuwan, Winai, Ross, Jeremy, Wong, Wing?Wai, Ly, Ps, Khol, V, Zhang, Fj, Zhao, Hx, Han, N, Lee, Mp, Li, Pck, Lam, W, Chan, Yt, Kumarasamy, N, Saghayam, S, Ezhilarasi, C, Pujari, S, Joshi, K, Gaikwad, S, Chitalikar, A, Sangle, S, Mave, V, Marbaniang, I, Wirawan, Dn, Yuliana, F, Yunihastuti, E, Imran, D, Widhani, A, Tanuma, J, Oka, S, Nishijima, T, Choi, Jy, S, Na, Kim, Jm, Sim, Blh, Gani, Ym, Rudi, Nb, Kamarulzaman, A, Omar, Sf Syed, Ponnampalavanar, S, Azwa, I, Ditangco, R, Pasayan, Mk, Mationg, Ml, Wong, Ww, Ku, Sww, Wu, Pc, Ng, Ot, Lim, Pl, Lee, Ls, Ferdous, Z, Vihingsanon, A, Gatechompol, S, Phanuphak, P, Phadungphon, C, Kiertiburanakul, S, Phuphuakrat, A, Chumla, L, Sanmeema, N, Chaiwarith, R, Sirisanthana, T, Kotarathititum, W, Praparattanapan, J, Khusuwan, S, Kantipong, P, Kambua, P, Ratanasuwan, W, Sriondee, R, Nguyen, Kv, Bui, Hv, Nguyen, Dth, Nguyen, Dt, Do, Cd, Ngo, Av, Nguyen, Lt, Sohn, Ah, Ross, Jl, Petersen, B, Cooper, Da, Law, Mg, Jiamsakul, A, and Rupasinghe, D

Subjects
Co-trimoxazole -- Statistics -- Complications and side effects, Tuberculosis -- Statistics -- Risk factors, HIV patients -- Statistics -- Drug therapy, Health
Abstract

: Introduction: Cotrimoxazole (CTX) is recommended as prophylaxis against Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia, malaria and other serious bacterial infections in HIV‐infected patients. Despite its in vitro activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the effects of CTX preventive therapy on tuberculosis (TB) remain unclear. Methods: Adults living with HIV enrolled in a regional observational cohort in Asia who had initiated combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) were included in the analysis. Factors associated with new TB diagnoses after cohort entry and survival after cART initiation were analysed using Cox regression, stratified by site. Results: A total of 7355 patients from 12 countries enrolled into the cohort between 2003 and 2016 were included in the study. There were 368 reported cases of TB after cohort entry with an incidence rate of 0.99 per 100 person‐years (/100 pys). Multivariate analyses adjusted for viral load (VL), CD4 count, body mass index (BMI) and cART duration showed that CTX reduced the hazard for new TB infection by 28% (HR 0.72, 95% CI l 0.56, 0.93). Mortality after cART initiation was 0.85/100 pys, with a median follow‐up time of 4.63 years. Predictors of survival included age, female sex, hepatitis C co‐infection, TB diagnosis, HIV VL, CD4 count and BMI. Conclusions: CTX was associated with a reduction in the hazard for new TB infection but did not impact survival in our Asian cohort. The potential preventive effect of CTX against TB during periods of severe immunosuppression should be further explored., Introduction Cotrimoxazole (CTX) has been recommended as prophylaxis against Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia (PJP), toxoplasmosis, malaria and other serious bacterial infections in adults with severe or advanced HIV clinical disease, with [...]

Published
2019
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23. Impact of low visceral fat mass on compliance of adjuvant chemotherapy and relapse-free survival after gastrectomy in gastric cancer patients

Author

Matsui, R., primary, Igarashi, M., additional, Goto, E., additional, Hatta, R., additional, Otsuka, T., additional, Nomoto, J., additional, Kohama, S., additional, Azuma, D., additional, Takehara, K., additional, Mizuno, T., additional, Ouchi, M., additional, Oka, S., additional, Yoshimoto, J., additional, Nagakari, K., additional, and Ishizaki, Y., additional

Published
2021
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30. Disparities in Dolutegravir Uptake Affecting Females of Reproductive Age With HIV in Low- and Middle-Income Countries After Initial Concerns About Teratogenicity : An Observational Study

Author

Romo, M.L., Patel, R.C., Edwards, J.K., Humphrey, J.M., Musick, B.S., Bernard, C., Maina, M.W., Brazier, E., Castelnuovo, B., Penner, J., Wyka, K., Cardoso, S.W., Ly, P.S., Kunzekwenyika, C., Cortés, C.P., Panczak, R., Kelvin, E.A., Wools-Kaloustian, K.K., Nash, D., Khol, V., Zhang, F.J., Zhao, H.X., Han, N., Lee, M.P., Li, P.C.K., Lam, W., Wong, H.Y., Kumarasamy, N., Ezhilarasi, C., Pujari, S., Joshi, K., Gaikwad, S., Chitalikar, A., Merati, T.P., Wirawan, D.N., Yuliana, F., Yunihastuti, E., Imran, D., Widhani, A., Tanuma, J., Oka, S., Nishijima, T., Choi, J.Y., Na, S., Kim, J.M., Gani, Y.M., Rudi, N.B., Azwa, I., Kamarulzaman, A., Syed Omar, S.F., Ponnampalavanar, S., Ditangco, R., Pasayan, M.K., Mationg, M.L., Chan, Y.J., Ku, W.W., Ke, E., Wu, P.C., Ng, O.T., Lim, P.L., Lee, L.S., Yap, J.K., Avihingsanon, A., Gatechompol, S., Phanuphak, P., Phadungphon, C., Kiertiburanakul, S., Phuphuakrat, A., Chumla, L., Sanmeema, N., Chaiwarith, R., Sirisanthana, T., Praparattanapan, J., Nuket, K., Khuwuwan, S., Kantipong, P., Kambua, P., Nguyen, K.V., Bui, H.V., Nguyen, D.T.H., Nguyen, D.T., Do, C.D., Ngo, A.V., Nguyen, L.T., Sohn, A.H., Ross, J.L., Petersen, B., Law, M.G., Jiamsakul, A., Bijker, R., Rupasinghe, D., Cahn, P., Cesar, C., Fink, V., Sued, O., Dell'Isola, E., Perez, H., Valiente, J., Yamamoto, C., Grinsztejn, B., Veloso, V., Luz, P., de Boni, R., Wagner, S.C., Friedman, R., Moreira, R., Pinto, J., Ferreira, F., Maia, M., de Menezes Succi, R.C., Machado, D.M., de Fátima Barbosa Gouvêa, A., Wolff, M., Rodriguez, M.F., Allendes, G., Pape, J.W., Rouzier, V., Marcelin, A., Perodin, C., Luque, M.T., Padgett, D., Madero, J.S., Ramirez, B.C., Belaunzaran, P., Vega, Y.C., Gotuzzo Herencia, José Eduardo, Mejía Cordero, Fernando Alonso, Carriquiry, G., McGowan, C.C., Shepherd, B.E., Sterling, T., Jayathilake, K., Person, A.K., Rebeiro, P.F., Castilho, J., Duda, S.N., Maruri, F., Vansell, H., Jenkins, C., Kim, A., Lotspeich, S., Pélagie, N., Gateretse, P., Munezero, J., Nitereka, V., Niyongabo, T., Twizere, C., Bukuru, H., Nahimana, T., Baransaka, E., Barasukana, P., Kabanda, E., Manirakiza, M., Ndikumwenayo, F., Biziragusenyuka, J., Munezero, A.M.M., Nforniwe, D.N., Ajeh, R., Ngamani, M.L., Dzudie, A., Mbuh, A., Amadou, D., Yone, E.W.P., Kendowo, E., Akele, C., Clever, A., Kitetele, F., Lelo, P., Tabala, M., Ekembe, C., Kaba, D., Diafouka, M., Ekat, M.H., Nsonde, D.M., Mafoua, A., Christ, M.N., Igirimbabazi, J., Ayinkamiye, N., Uwineza, P., Ndamijimana, E., Habarurema, E., Nyiraneza, M.L., Nyiransabimana, M.L., Tuyisenge, L., Shyaka, C., Kankindi, C., Uwakijijwe, B., Ingabire, M.G., Ndumuhire, J., Nyirabahutu, M.G., Muyango, F., Bihibindi, J.C., Uwamahoro, O., Ndoli, Y., Nsanzimana, S., Mugwaneza, P., Remera, E., Umumararungu, E., Rwibasira, G.N., Habimana, D.S., Gasana, J., Kanyabwisha, F., Kubwimana, G., Muhoza, B., Munyaneza, A., Murenzi, G., Musabyimana, F., Umwiza, F., Ingabire, C., Tuyisenge, P., Butera, A.M., Kabahizi, J., Rurangwa, E., Feza, R., Mukashyaka, E., Benekigeri, C., Musaninyange, J., Adedimeji, A., Anastos, K., Dilorenzo, M., Murchison, L., Ross, J., Yotebieng, M., Addison, D., Jones, H., Kulkarni, S., Tymejczyk, O., Elul, B., Cai, X., Dong, A., Hoover, D., Kim, H.-Y., Li, C., Shi, Q., Lancaster, K., Kuniholm, M., Edmonds, A., Parcesepe, A., Edwards, J., Keiser, O., Kimmel, A., Diero, L., Ayaya, S., Sang, E., Bukusi, E., Mulwa, E., Nyanaro, G., Kasozi, C., Ssemakadde, M., Bwana, M.B., Muyindike, W., Byakwaga, H., Kanyesigye, M., Semeere, A., Matovu, J.M., Nalugoda, F., Wasswa, F.X., Kazyoba, P., Mayige, M., Lyamuya, R.E., Mayanga, F., Ngonyani, K., Lwali, J., Urassa, M., Nyaga, C., Machemba, R., Yiannoutsos, C., Vreeman, R., Syvertsen, J., Kantor, R., Martin, J., Wenger, M., Cohen, C., Kulzer, J., Maartens, G., Bolton, C., Wood, R., Sipambo, N., Tanser, F., Boulle, A., Fatti, G., Mbewe, S., Singh, E., Chimbetete, C., Technau, K., Eley, B., Muhairwe, J., Rafael, I., Fox, M.P., Prozesky, H., Anderegg, N., Ballif, M., Ostinelli, C.H.D., Egger, M., Fenner, L., Haas, A., Hossmann, S., Rohner, E., Riou, J., Skrivankova, V., Smith, L., Taghavi, K., von Groote, P., Wandeler, G., Zaniewski, E., Zürcher, K., Anderson, K., Cornell, M., Davies, M.-A., Iyun, V., Johnson, L., Kassanjee, R., Kehoe, K., Kubjane, M., Maxwell, N., Nyakato, P., Patten, G., Tlali, M., Tsondai, P., de Waal, R., and International epidemiology Databases to Evaluate AIDS (IeDEA)

Subjects
Adult, medicine.medical_specialty, Prevention, policy, and public health, Adolescent, Pyridones, Reproductive age, HIV Infections, Choice Behavior, Article, Piperazines, chemistry.chemical_compound, Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), Pregnancy, Epidemiology, Oxazines, Internal Medicine, Medicine, Humans, Maternal Health Services, Cumulative incidence, HIV Integrase Inhibitors, 610 Medicine & health, Developing Countries, Health equity, business.industry, HIV, Contraceptives, General Medicine, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, Antiretroviral therapy, Regimen, Pharmaceutical Preparations, chemistry, Dolutegravir, Observational study, Female, Age groups, Safety, business, Heterocyclic Compounds, 3-Ring, 360 Social problems & social services, Demography, Cohort study
Abstract

BACKGROUND The transition to dolutegravir-containing antiretroviral therapy (ART) in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) was complicated by an initial safety signal in May 2018 suggesting that exposure to dolutegravir at conception was possibly associated with infant neural tube defects. On the basis of additional evidence, in July 2019, the World Health Organization recommended dolutegravir for all adults and adolescents living with HIV. OBJECTIVE To describe dolutegravir uptake and disparities by sex and age group in LMICs. DESIGN Observational cohort study. SETTING 87 sites that began using dolutegravir in 11 LMICs in the Asia-Pacific; Caribbean, Central and South America network for HIV epidemiology (CCASAnet); and sub-Saharan African regions of the International epidemiology Databases to Evaluate AIDS (IeDEA) consortium. PATIENTS 134��672 patients aged 16 years or older who received HIV care from January 2017 through March 2020. MEASUREMENTS Sex, age group, and dolutegravir uptake (that is, newly initiating ART with dolutegravir or switching to dolutegravir from another regimen). RESULTS Differences in dolutegravir uptake among females of reproductive age (16 to 49 years) emerged after the safety signal. By the end of follow-up, the cumulative incidence of dolutegravir uptake among females 16 to 49 years old was 29.4% (95% CI, 29.0% to 29.7%) compared with 57.7% (CI, 57.2% to 58.3%) among males 16 to 49 years old. This disparity was greater in countries that began implementing dolutegravir before the safety signal and initially had highly restrictive policies versus countries with a later rollout. Dolutegravir uptake was similar among females and males aged 50 years or older. LIMITATION Follow-up was limited to 6 to 8 months after international guidelines recommended expanding access to dolutegravir. CONCLUSION Substantial disparities in dolutegravir uptake affecting females of reproductive age through early 2020 are documented. Although this disparity was anticipated because of country-level restrictions on access, the results highlight its extent and initial persistence. PRIMARY FUNDING SOURCE National Institutes of Health.

Published
2021
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40. Virological failure and HIV drug resistance among adults living with HIV on second‐line antiretroviral therapy in the Asia‐Pacific

Author

Ross, J, primary, Jiamsakul, A, additional, Kumarasamy, N, additional, Azwa, I, additional, Merati, TP, additional, Do, CD, additional, Lee, MP, additional, Ly, PS, additional, Yunihastuti, E, additional, Nguyen, KV, additional, Ditangco, R, additional, Ng, OT, additional, Choi, JY, additional, Oka, S, additional, Sohn, AH, additional, and Law, M, additional

Published
2020
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