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691 results on '"Okawa Y"'

1. The Stringy Quantum Hall Fluid

Author

Bergman, O., Brodie, J., and Okawa, Y.

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Theory
Abstract

Using branes in massive Type IIA string theory, and a novel decoupling limit, we provide an explicit correspondence between non-commutative Chern-Simons theory and the fractional quantum Hall fluid. The role of the electrons is played by D-particles, the background magnetic field corresponds to a RR 2-form flux, and the two-dimensional fluid is described by non-commutative D2-branes. The filling fraction is given by the ratio of the number of D2-branes and the number of D8-branes, and therefore by the ratio rank/level of the Chern-Simons gauge theory. Quasiparticles and quasiholes are realized as endpoints of fundamental strings on the D2-branes, and are found to possess fractional D-particle charges and fractional statistics., Comment: 24 pages, 2 figures; references added

Published
2001
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2. Multi-Body Interactions of D-Particles in Supergravity and Matrix Theory

Author

Okawa, Y. and Yoneya, T.

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Theory
Abstract

We present detailed analyses of the 3-body interactions of D-particles from both sides of 11 dimensional supergravity and Matrix theory. In supergravity, we derive a complete expression for the classical bosonic effective action for D-particles including 2-and 3-body interaction terms. In Matrix theory, we compute 1-particle irreducible contributions to the eikonal phase shift in the two-loop approximation. The results precisely agree with the predictions from supergravity and thus provide a strong support to the discrete light-cone interpretation of the Matrix-theory conjecture as a possible nonperturbative definition of M-theory., Comment: 38 pages, no figures, a few minor typos are corrected

Published
1998
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9. Parental involvement in their children's Japanese learning: Language course for parents at a high school

Author

Spence-Brown, R, Okawa, Y, Kojima, T, Spence-Brown, R, Okawa, Y, and Kojima, T

Abstract

This study explores parental engagement in second/foreign language education. While the current literature highlights the significance of parental engagement, it tends to view its impact as a unidirectional process from parents to children. This study explores the reciprocal and broader impact that parental engagement can have on children, parents and school communities. Data was collected from a Japanese language course designed for parents at a high school in Sydney. Thematic analysis was applied to pre- and post-course surveys for parents, children’s video messages to their parents, and teachers’ participant observation. The results identified that parents’ and children’s language learning was more collaborative, and that they also came to view Japanese learning more positively, thus further strengthening their relationships by considering each other as learning partners. Parental engagement also impacted on existing parent-teacher relationships, which can be considered to support children more comprehensively through parent-teacher partnerships.

Published
2021

12. Changes in nutritional status by recovery phase interventions would be a powerful determinant of cardiovascular prognosis in heart failure patients

Author

Ehara, M, primary, Yamada, S, additional, Shibata, K, additional, Kameshima, M, additional, Fujiyama, H, additional, Matsui, Y, additional, Higashida, Y, additional, Shimada, A, additional, Ito, T, additional, Sano, T, additional, Okumura, H, additional, Masaoka, K, additional, and Okawa, Y, additional

Published
2020
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24. Linear chain polymerization initiated by a scanning tunneling microscope tip at designated positions.

Author

Okawa, Y. and Aono, M.

Subjects
*POLYMERIZATION, *SCANNING tunneling microscopy, *NANOWIRES
Abstract

A conjugated polymer nanowire can be created at any designated position in a monomolecular layer by initiating chain polymerization using a scanning tunneling microscope tip with a spatial precision of the order of 1 nm. The demonstration has been presented for a self-ordered monomolecular layer of 10,12-pentacosadiynoic acid, which is a diacetylene compound, adsorbed on a graphite surface. The polymer nanowires created have a length ranging from 5 to 300 nm, the length being controlled by domain boundaries or artificial defects in the molecular layer. The frequency of occurrence of chain polymerization is measured against the pulsed bias voltage, which suggests that the excitation of the molecule is caused by the inelastically tunneling electrons. © 2001 American Institute of Physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2001
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36. Differential roles of tryptophan residues in the functional expression of human anion exchanger 1 (AE1, Band 3, SLC4A1)

Author

Okawa Y, Arghya Basu, Jing Li, Reinhart A. F. Reithmeier, and Casey

Subjects
Models, Molecular, Protein Folding, Cell, Mutant, Amino Acid Motifs, Phenylalanine, Endoplasmic Reticulum, Anion Exchange Protein 1, Erythrocyte, medicine, Humans, Molecular Biology, Band 3, Alanine, chemistry.chemical_classification, Binding Sites, biology, Tryptophan, Cell Biology, Protein Transport, Membrane, medicine.anatomical_structure, HEK293 Cells, Biochemistry, chemistry, biology.protein, Mutagenesis, Site-Directed, Glycoprotein
Abstract

Anion exchanger 1 (AE1) is a 95 kDa glycoprotein that facilitates Cl(-)=HCO(-)(3) exchange across the erythrocyte plasma membrane. This transport activity resides in the 52 kDa C-terminal membrane domain (Gly(361)-Val(911)) predicted to span the membrane 14 times. To explore the role of tryptophan (Trp) residues in AE1 function, the seven endogenous Trp residues in the membrane domain were mutated individually to alanine (Ala) and phenylalanine (Phe). Expression levels, cell surface abundance, inhibitor binding and transport activities of the mutants were measured upon expression in HEK-293 cells. The seven Trp residues divided into three classes according the impact of mutations on the functional expression of AE1: Class 1, dramatically decreased expression (Trp(492) and Trp(496)); Class 2, decreased expression by Ala substitution but not Phe (Trp(648), Trp(662) and Trp(723)); and Class 3, normal expression (Trp(831) and Trp(848)). The results indicate that Trp residues play differential roles in AE1 expression and function depending on their location in the protein and that Trp mutants with low expression are misfolded and retained in the endoplasmic reticulum.

Published
2014

38. Geographic distribution of dental specialists permitted to advertise dental practices in Japan.

Author

Okawa, Y. and Hirata, S.

Abstract

Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine the geographic distribution of dental specialists permitted to advertise dental practices in Japan. Method: We identified the populations of 349 secondary medical zones nationwide from the 2015 population census, as well as the number of dentists in five specialties, namely oral surgeons, pedodontists, periodontists, dental anesthesiologists, and dental radiologists, who had been permitted to advertise dental practices, from a 2016 survey of physicians, dentists, and pharmacists. We determined the placement rate, Lorenz curve, and Gini coefficient for dentists in each specialty in order to describe their geographic distributions. Results: The placement rates of at least one of these types of dentist in each secondary medical zone were 73.9% for oral surgeons, 66.2% for pedodontists, 60.5% for periodontists, 31.8% for dental anesthesiologists, and 18.3% for dental radiologists. The Gini coefficients were 0.397, 0.400, 0.491, 0.650, and 0.761, respectively. Conclusion: The dentists in each specialty were few in number and were unequally distributed among the zones, but less so for oral surgeons and pedodontists. Dental anesthesiologists and radiologists were located primarily at university hospitals in urban areas and, therefore, were more unequally distributed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2019
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