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Our theme is an anti-food waste and food loss campaign that encourages one to reduce ones��� foodprint through reuse.The research questions we asking are: What are the FW types? What are the seasonal variations with regards food types? What is the chemical composition of FW? Can FW flour be used as a supplement or partial substitute for commercial fish feed in tilapia culture?

In a knowledge-based economy, the capacity to compete in the global market is highlydependent on the ability to innovate and apply the relevant technologies to industriesand productive sectors.Investment in Science, Technology & Innovation (STI) and its integration into the social,economic and governance policies can increase global market competiveness, createemployment and increase productivity, which are key components for achieving S.African Vision 2030.It is against this National background that Walter Sisulu University (WSU) hasestablished RNAs.The general theme of the RNA is; Marine & Freshwater Resource Management &Economic Development.Hence, the name the proposed name (SMAFED)

1. What is SAMFED? SMAFED is one of the 10 recently approved research Niche Areas in 2021. The general theme of this RNA is Marine and Freshwater Resource Management and Economic Development. Abbreviated as SMAFED. SMAFED has more than five active 5 sub-Niche areas as illustrated in (Fig 1). 1.1 AIM SMAFED’s overall aim is to generate new knowledge and employment, skill-sets, and capacities in the Marine and Freshwater sector including the ocean economy, water pollution, and waste management. 1.2 OBJECTIVES • To set up the RNA as a Cost Centre • Generate funds through SMAFED as a cost center • To tap into the wealth of knowledge existing in the WSU by engaging all academics & researchers in improving research output, based on their expertise and experience. • To encourage established and novice researchers to improve their research capabilities and also draw business projects that they can submit for tertiary degrees, MSc, and PhDs. • Mentor students and improve their knowledge and research skills by involving them in projects, which will be running within the RNA, to prepare them for would-be employers in various industries/sectors. • Capacity building and skills transfer to previously disadvantaged coastal and inland communities will be emphasized in all projects • Capacity building can be done at various levels within WSU in articulation with local communities and other relevant stakeholders. • To improve the quality of students joining and leaving WSU. • Initiate partnerships with other WSU Faculties/ Departments or other RNAs, to form a strong academic team engaged in various activities generating funds for part of our sustenance, an approach, which is encouraged in the present economy. • Ultimately marketing WSU as a University of choice locally and internationally, in scientific research tackling regional scientific problems with international significance, and also reaching out to communities.