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This study aimed to determine the experiences of gifted children with autism spectrum disorder, their parents, and teachers with the COVID-19 pandemic and holistically reveal the reflections of the restrictions in this process and the transition to distance education on the lives and especially the education of gifted children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). The study was designed with a phenomenological research design, one of the qualitative research methods. The study participants were gifted children with ASD, aged between 6-14 and continuing their education through inclusion, their parents and teachers. The research data were collected through semi-structured interviews and analyzed in detail by interpretive phenomenological analysis. As a result of the data analysis, two themes, "The impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on life" and "Distance education and its impacts in the COVID-19 process", and 12 categories were reached. Recommendations were presented in line with the study findings and the literature.

We conducted a descriptive analysis and meta-analysis of single-case research design (SCRD) studies investigating the effectiveness of the graduated guidance procedure. Once we identified studies through electronic databases and reference lists, we used What Works Clearinghouse (WWC) Standards to evaluate each study. Then, we described studies in terms of various descriptive variables, calculated effect sizes through three non-parametric effect size methods, and analyzed results across studies. Results showed 11 of the 27 studies met WWC Standards or met standards with reservation. Of the 11, seven studies resulted in a large effect. We found the graduated guidance procedure to be an evidence-based practice when evaluating the findings against contemporary evidence standards. However, this review also showed that the majority of the reviewed studies (n = 20) had no effects and only one third of the studies had moderate or strong effects. Implications for researchers and practitioners are discussed.

BackgroundThe optimal timing of noncardiac surgery (NCS) following transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) for aortic stenosis has not been elucidated by current national guidelines.ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of the time interval between TAVR and NCS (Δt) on the perioperative risk of major adverse events (MAEs).MethodsAll adult admissions for isolated TAVR for aortic stenosis were identified in the 2016 to 2020 Nationwide Readmissions Database. Patients who received NCS on subsequent admission were included for analysis and grouped by Δt as follows: ≤30, 31 to 60, 61 to 90, and >90 days. Multivariable regression models were constructed to examine the association of Δt with ensuing outcomes.ResultsOf 3,098 patients (median age = 79 years, 41.6% female), 19.1% underwent NCS at ≤30 days, 22.9% at 31 to 60 days, 16.7% at 61 to 90 days, and 41.3% at >90 days. After adjustment, the odds of MAEs were similar for operations performed at ≤30 days (adjusted OR [AOR]: 1.05; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.74-1.50), 31 to 60 days (AOR: 0.97; 95% CI: 0.71-1.31), and 61 to 90 days (AOR: 0.95; 95% CI: 0.67-1.34), with those at >90 days as reference. When examining the average marginal effect of the interval to surgery, risk-adjusted MAE rates were statistically similar across Δt groups for elective status and NCS risk category combinations.ConclusionsNCS within 30, 31 to 60, or 61 to 90 days after TAVR was not associated with increased odds of MAEs compared with operations after 90 days irrespective of NCS risk category or elective status. Our findings suggest that the interval between NCS and TAVR may not be an accurate predictor of MAE risk in this population.

There is a growing emphasis to improve every student's academic, social-emotional, and career and college development as schools strive to design and deliver comprehensive counseling programs that support students' development in these areas. The purpose of this study is to explore a large urban high school teachers' counselors and admins' perspectives on improving a high-poverty urban school's counseling services to extend school leaders' and counselors' knowledge about delivering effective school counseling programs as, ultimately, success lies with an effective principal and school counselor partnership. Particularly, data from our study will allow urban school principals and school counselors to identify the high and low program needs of urban students to become college, career, and life ready. The next set of comparisons was conducted for social-emotional needs. Like academic development needs, the entire ANOVA summary tables showed non-significant differences. The findings indicated that some responses varied significantly across (1) special education faculty, (2) regular classroom teachers and (3) school counselors in terms of rating of students' counseling needs. School leaders and school counselors can apply the findings of this study to create systemic and comprehensive student services in their schools. Particularly, school leaders and counselors can apply the results in decision-making, discussions, and time allocation in prevention/education versus reactive/responsive academic and counseling services.

There is widespread acknowledgement that importance of reading skill is increasing day by day. Reading is the first step to learning and revealing something new. Beyond the primary grades, it plays a vital role in keeping up with the requirements of the age. Individuals who read, understand, question, think and produce develop societies. Thus, it is inevitable that individuals who have difficulties in acquiring reading skill will encounter difficulties both in school life and in society. To remove barriers of people presence in academic and daily life, students with these difficulties should be identified as early as possible and the difficulties they experience should be eliminated. The proficiency of primary school pre-service teachers regarding the concepts of "reading'' and "reading difficulty'' gives clues for identifying and remedying individuals with reading disabilities. It is aimed to determine the metaphorical perceptions of primary school pre-service teachers towards the concepts of "reading'' and "reading disability'' in order to help address this issue. The study group of the research consists of 89 4th-grade primary school pre-service teachers who continue their education at a state university in the Black Sea Region in Turkey in the fall semester of the 2017-2018 academic year. The model of this research is phenomenology which is one of the qualitative research methods. A questionnaire developed by the researchers was used as a data collection tool. Content analysis method was used in the analysis of the data. Five different categories related to reading skills and reading disabilities emerged as a result of the analysis of the data. Categories related to the concept of reading skills are 'Discovering Something New', 'Fun Source', 'Embarking on Adventure', 'Decoding' and 'Other'. The categories related to the concept of reading disability are 'Difficulty', 'A problem in itself', 'Visual impairment', 'Deficiencies' and 'An insurmountable problem'. [This study was presented as an oral presentation at the 17th International Primary Teacher Education Symposium 11-14 April 2018/Ankara.]

The purpose of this research is to investigate how Web based and computer technologies impact studies, in teaching Turkish as a foreign language. Through a qualitative approach the study extensively explores this subject matter. To examine studies related to the use of Web based technology in teaching Turkish, a document analysis technique was employed. Data were collected from scientific journal articles and thesis studies published between 2010 and 2023 with a focus on teaching Turkish as a foreign language using Web based technology. The research specifically looked at studies conducted from 2010 onwards and twelve articles and thesis studies on the subject were examined. These studies demonstrated the effects of Web 2.0 tools and applications like Voki, Kahoot! ChatGPT, blogs and podcasts on language learning processes. The findings indicate that effectively integrating technology into language instruction plays a role in enhancing students language skills and motivation. Furthermore, remote education platforms have the potential to revolutionize language learning experiences. The results also highlight that technology supported experimental studies can be successfully utilized in teaching Turkish as a foreign language. Overall, these findings emphasize the potential of technology and Web based applications, in language instruction.

Purpose: This study aims to develop and validate a scale to determine university students' attitudes toward assessment and evaluation in online exams. Background: Measuring students' attitudes toward online exams is crucial, especially in the context of emergency transitions to online learning and the impact of external factors such as the COVID-19 pandemic. Students' perspectives on online examination practices in higher education institutions are significant in understanding students' attitudes and perceptions of online exams for effective implementation. Method: During the developmental phase of the scale, 13 items were created and presented for expert opinion. The scale propositions are designed to question the compliance of the courses with the curricula in the online education process, the transparency of online exams, and the University's technological infrastructure for online exams. The participants in the study consist of 1095 students studying in different programs at the Vocational Schools of three foundation universities in Istanbul, and they were reached via e-mail. Explanatory Factor Analysis (EFA) and Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) were conducted. Findings: The results obtained prove that the 13-question scale is valid and reliable and is a good measurement to determine university students' attitudes to online exams. Implications for Research and Practice: Attitudes are likely determinants of academic achievement. Furthermore, utilizing e-tests positively impacts higher education students' performance and participation in online testing. Therefore, it is essential to consider students' attitudes towards online exams to increase academic success in online courses and provide better learning outcomes. Thus, scale development plays a pivotal role in advancing knowledge within specific domains of social science research, and it is integral to ensuring the quality and reliability of online exam instruments used in higher education.

The purpose of this study is to examine the effect of the story map on elementary school firstgrade students' listening and reading comprehension levels and their attitudes towards reading in literacy teaching process. It was conducted on 69 students studying in the first-grade in an elementary school in the Western Black Sea region and assigned by matching. In the research, "Quasi-experimental Design", one of the quantitative research methods, was used. During the data collection process, the Reading Attitude Scale with "Garfield Picture" for 1-6thGrade Students to Turkish was implemented in the experimental and control groups as a pretest and post-test. While the story map was implemented in the lessons in the experimental group, the implementation process was completed by teaching the lesson without any implementation in the control group. The texts in which listening and reading comprehension questions were implemented included 26 narrative texts in the elementary school 1st-grade Turkish book. The data collected with the "Listening and Reading Comprehension Achievement Test" and Reading Attitude Scale with "Garfield "Picture for 1-6th-Grade Students to Turkish implemented after the experimental procedure were evaluated with the SPSS 20 statistical software. At the end of the study, it was concluded that the experimental group, in which the story map was implemented before the listening and reading comprehension questions, was more successful in comprehension than the control group. When the effects of the story map on the attitude towards listening and reading comprehension were examined, a positive improvement was found in listening and reading comprehension in the experimental group.

Metastasis of colorectal carcinomas to mediastinal lymph nodes is extremely rare. In this study, it is aimed to share our approach to mediastinal lymph nodes for treating colorectal carcinoma and lung carcinoma detected synchronously. Extended right hemicolectomy was performed when ileus was detected in the patient who presented to the emergency department with the complaint of abdominal pain. The pathological result was reported as signet ring cell carcinoma. The mass in the lung covered >80% of the right lower lobe. Right lower lobectomy and mediastinal lymph node dissection were performed. The pathological result was reported as large cell lung carcinoma. Colorectal carcinoma metastases were detected in subpleural tumor-like foci and mediastinal lymph nodes. There is no consensus on the treatment strategies for such cases. We believe that performing routine mediastinal lymph node dissection is important for determining prognosis and postoperative treatment strategies.

INTRODUCTION: Maturity onset diabetes of the young (MODY) occurs due to mutations in genes involved in pancreatic beta cell function and insulin secretion, has heterogeneous clinical and laboratory features, and account for 1-5% of all diabetes cases. The prevalence and distribution of MODY subtypes vary between countries. The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical and laboratory characteristics, mutation distribution, and phenotype-genotype relationship in a large case series of pediatric Turkish patients genetically diagnosed with MODY. METHODS: MODY cases from 14 different pediatric endocrinology departments were included. Diagnosis, treatment, follow-up data, and results of genetic analysis were evaluated. RESULTS: A total of 224 patients were included, of whom 101 (45%) were female, and the mean age at diagnosis was 9.4±4.1 years. Gene variant distribution was: 146 (65%) GCK; 43 (19%) HNF1A; 8 (3.6%) HNF4A, 8 (3.6%) KLF11 and 7 (3.1%) HNF1B. The remaining 12 variants were: PDX (n=1), NEUROD1 (n=3), CEL (n=1), INS (n=3), ABCC8 (n= 3) and KJNC11 (n=1). Of the cases, 197 (87.9%) were diagnosed with incidental hyperglycemia, 16 with ketosis (7%) and 7 (3%) with diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA), while 30% presented with classical symptoms of diabetes. Two-hundred (89%) had a family history of diabetes. Anti-GAD antibody was detected in 13 cases, anti-islet antibody in eight and anti-insulin antibody in four. Obesity was present in 16. Distribution of therapy was: 158 (71%) diet only; 23 (11%) intensive insulin treatment; 17 (7.6%) sulfonylureas; 10 (4.5%) metformin; and 6 (2.7%) insulin and oral anti-diabetic treatment. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: This was the largest genetically diagnosed series from Turkey. The most common gene variants were GCK and HNF1A with much lower proportions for other MODY types. Hyperglycemia was the most common presenting symptom while 11% of patients had diabetes-associated autoantibodies and 7% were obese. The majority of patients received dietary management only.

İnsanlık tarih boyunca günlük hayatını devam ettirebilmek için hem enerjiye hem de gıda maddelerine ihtiyaç duymuştur. Tarım ve hayvancılık sektörleri ürünleri insanların temel besin ihtiyaçlarını karşılamaktadır. Bu tüketim sonucunda oluşan atıklar ise anaerobik kofermantasyon yoluyla biyogaza çevrilerek enerji eldesinde kullanılabilmektedir. Bu çalışma meyve ve sebze atıkları ile inek gübresinin anaerobik kofermantasyonu yoluyla elde edilen biyogazın enerji üretimine uygun olup olmadığını araştırmaktadır. Kullanılan atıklar meyve ve sebze atıkları ile inek gübresi olarak belirlenmiştir. Çalışma, 30 günlük hidrolik bekletme süresi boyunca, 37 °C sıcaklıkta, 3 L hacme sahip 2 reaktör kullanılarak gerçekleştirilmiştir. R1 ve R2 olarak adlandırılan bu reaktörlerin organik yükleme oranları sırasıyla; 0,5 ve 0,6 g VS/L.gün olarak belirlenmiştir. Karışım oranları sırasıyla; R1:%40 meyve + %30 sebze + %30 inek gübresi; R2: %35 meyve + %40 sebze + %25 inek gübresi şeklindedir. Reaktörlerden toplanan veriler, bu atık kompozisyonundan üretilecek biyogazdan elde edilecek elektrik enerjisi miktarının 2,38 kWh olduğunu göstermiştir. Bu sonuçlar, meyve ve sebze atıklarıyla inek gübresinin anaerobik kofermantasyonunun, üretebilecekleri enerji potansiyeli, atık miktarlarının fazla olması ve sürdürülebilir enerji üretim yöntemi olması sebebiyle, alternatif enerji kaynağı olarak değerlendirilmesinin mümkün olduğunu göstermektedir.

Çamur dezentegrasyon yöntemleri özellikle atık çamurların anaerobik çürütülmesinden önce ön arıtım yöntemi olarak kullanılmakta ve çeşitli çamur özelliklerinde iyileşmeler sağlayabilmektedir. Bu çalışmada, konserve gıda üretimi yapan bir işletmenin atıksu arıtma tesisinden alınan atık aktif çamura hidrodinamik kavitasyon, asidik dezentegrasyon ve alkali dezentegrasyon yöntemleri uygulanmış, çözünebilir kimyasal oksijen ihtiyacı (ÇKOİ), kapiler emme süresi (KES) ve santrifüjlenebilir çökelebilirlik indeksi (SÇİ) değerlerinde meydana gelen değişimler incelenmiş ve uygulanan yöntemlerin, çamur çözünebilirliği ile susuzlaştırılabilirliği üzerindeki etkileri kıyaslanmıştır. Çalışmada çamura uygulanan tüm dezentegrasyon yöntemleri atık aktif çamurun çözünebilirliğini olumlu yönde etkilemiş ve çamurdaki ÇKOİ konsantrasyonunu önemli derecede arttırmıştır. Uygulanan yöntemler içerisinde çamurun çözünebilirliğini en fazla arttıran yöntemlerin hidrodinamik kavitasyon ve alkali dezentegrasyon (pH 11) olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Diğer yandan çamurun çözünebilirliğini en fazla arttıran bu yöntemlerin çamurun KES ve SÇİ değerlerini de arttırdığı, yani çamurun su verme performansını olumsuz yönde etkilediği sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.

Abstract Background This study aimed to investigate the perspectives, preferences, and clinical experiences regarding using electronic apex locator and apex locator integrated instrumentation of dentists and endodontists. Methods A web-based questionnaire consisting of 3 parts and 23 closed-ended questions to achieve the objective of the study was carried out in ethical conditions between August and October 2023. The first part of survey included demographic information, while the second part was about evaluating electronic apex locator usage. In the last part, only participants’ use of apex locator-integrated instrumentation was evaluated. Data were analyzed at a significance level of p

This study investigated the effects of behavioral skills training (BST) in teaching earthquake preparedness skills to students with developmental disabilities within a small group arrangement. A multiple probe design across behaviors and replicated across participants evaluated the effectiveness of BST when teaching three high school students to prepare an earthquake emergency kit, do drop-cover-hold, and share location through a personal safety app. All students acquired, maintained, and generalized the target behaviors. Participating students and their teachers had positive opinions regarding the target behaviors, procedure, and outcomes. Limitations and implications for future research are discussed.

Asian American/Pacific Islanders (AAPIs) and Hispanics are growing minority United States populations, but are poorly represented in the cardiovascular literature. This study examines guideline adherence and outcomes in AAPIs and Hispanics compared with non-Hispanic Whites (NHWs) in a quaternary care center after inpatient percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). The primary end points were inpatient post-PCI bleed, heart failure, cardiogenic shock, and all-cause mortality, whereas the secondary end point was the prescription rate of post-PCI guideline-directed medical therapy including aspirin, statins, P2Y12 receptor blockers, and cardiopulmonary rehabilitation. Intergroup differences were assessed through analysis of variance or two-way chi-square tests, and the association of race with binary outcomes was examined through logistic regression with NHW as the reference group. Compared with NHW, AAPIs, and Hispanics had higher odds of diabetes mellitus, and AAPIs had higher odds of hypertension and being on dialysis. Hispanics had higher odds of post-PCI mortality versus NHW, both in acute coronary syndrome (odds ratio [OR] 2.04, p = 0.03) and elective PCI (OR 2.51, p = 0.04). AAPI also trended toward higher mortality than NHW in both categories. AAPIs were found to have higher odds of statin prescription (OR 1.91, p = 0.04). Hispanics had lower odds of ticagrelor prescription versus NHW (OR 0.65, p = 0.04), and AAPIs trended toward such. No differences were found for cardiopulmonary rehabilitation prescriptions in groups. This study suggests that despite quality improvement efforts, disparities remain in postprocedural outcomes in minority groups in comparison with NHW.