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Introduction: Cosmetic plastic surgery interventions are usually associated with significant postoperative pain. As they are outpatient procedures, analgesic management is limited mostly to oral medication, resulting in suboptimal pain control, one of the most frequent complaints of patients undergoing these surgical procedures. Elastomeric pumps have been studied for continuous infusion of intravenous analgesics in other types of surgeries associated with significant pain. Objective: The main objective of this study was to evaluate postoperative pain control in adult patients who underwent mammoplasty, abdominoplasty, liposuction, or combined procedures using elastomeric pumps for postoperative analgesic management in continuous intravenous infusion. Materials and methods: A prospective sample of 100 patients who accepted postoperative pain management was collected. Satisfaction was evaluated using a survey, and pain control was assessed on postoperative days 1,3, and 5, and a determination of adverse reactions associated with analgesia using this device was also assessed. Results: Optimal pain control and a satisfaction greater than 90% were observed from the first postoperative day of the intervention. Conclusion: We recommend this analgesic strategy based on evidence of excellent postoperative ambulatory pain control.

Introduction: Currently, there are no devices showing an acceptable success rate in blind intubation in pediatrics. Objectives: The purpose of this particular series of cases is to identify the percentage of successful blind intubations using the Igel laryngeal mask in children between 2 and 35 kg of body weight, in addition to evaluating seal pressure, fiber optics vision through the device, and reporting the occurrence of complications. Materials and methods: A prospective case series in pediatrics; patients from 2 to 35 kg. Results: According to our study, the overall percentage of blind intubation was 23%, while the percentages of ideal and low vision to facilitate the insertion of the bronchoscope into the airway, and then inserting a tracheal tube through the fiber optics was 70%. Conclusion: We feel that the supraglottic I-gel is not the appropriate device for blind intubation; however, it is an acceptable recommendation to conduct fiber optics intubation.

Introduction Intravenous rescue analgesia in the postoperative anesthesia care unit (PACU) is the most effective method for reducing postoperative pain (POP) when perioperative multimodal analgesia fails to control it. Appropriate analgesia during these first postoperative hours may prevent morbidity associated with pain. Objective To compare the effectiveness of intravenous morphine versus fentanyl in the PACU for reducing severe POP. Methods Randomized, prospective, double blind trial that included patients with severe POP using VAS in the PACU. Rescue was performed on one group with 01 mg/kg morphine and with another with 1 mcg/kg of fentanyl every 5 min intravenously until pain was reduced from severe to mild (VAS Results There were no significant differences in the percentage of patients with reduction of severe POP to mild 5 min after the injection of morphine or fentanyl, or in the subsequent rescue analgesia intervals (p > 0.05). Similarly, there were no significant differences in mean VAS (95% CI) in morphine or fentanyl groups beginning 5 min after the first analgesic dose (p > 0.05) between the groups. There were no significant differences in side effects such as respiratory depression, nausea, vomiting or pruritus (p = 1.0). There was a high satisfaction in both groups (p > 0.05). Conclusions Morphine and fentanyl were equally effective in treating severe POP after 5 min and following intervals after rescue analgesia was initiated, during 25 min at PACU, with no differences in efficacy or adverse effects between groups Register # NCT02145975 clinicaltrials.gov, prospective.

Introduction: Intravenous rescue analgesia in the postoperative anesthesia care unit (PACU) is the most effective method for reducing postoperative pain (POP) when perioperative multimodal analgesia fails to control it. Appropriate analgesia during these first postoperative hours may prevent morbidity associated with pain. Objective: To compare the effectiveness of intravenous morphine versus fentanyl in the PACU for reducing severe POP. Methods: Randomized, prospective, double blind trial that included patients with severe POP using VAS in the PACU. Rescue was performed on one group with 01 mg/kg morphine and with another with 1 mcg/kg of fentanyl every 5 min intravenously until pain was reduced from severe to mild (VAS 0.05). Similarly, there were no significant differences in mean VAS (95% CI) in morphine or fentanyl groups beginning 5 min after the first analgesic dose (p > 0.05) between the groups. There were no significant differences in side effects such as respiratory depression, nausea, vomiting or pruritus (p = 1.0). There was a high satisfaction in both groups (p > 0.05). Conclusions: Morphine and fentanyl were equally effective in treating severe POP after 5 min and following intervals after rescue analgesia was initiated, during 25 min at PACU, with no differences in efficacy or adverse effects between groups Register # NCT02145975 clinical-trials.gov, prospective. Introducción: La analgesia intravenosa de rescate en la unidad de cuidados postanestesicos (UCPA), es la forma más efectiva de reducir el dolor POP, cuando la analgesia mutimodal perioperatoria falla en controlarlo. Una adecuada analgesia en las primeras horas previene la morbilidad asociada al dolor. Objetivo: Compararla efectividad para reducir el dolor POP severo de fentanilo versus morfina en recuperación postanestésica. Metodología: Estudio aleatorizado, prospectivo, doble ciego, en pacientes con dolor severo POP medido con la escala EVA. El rescate se hizo con un grupo morfina a 0,1 mg/kg versus fentanilo a 1 mcg/kg, cada 5 minutos, vía intravenosa, hasta reducir el dolor de severo a leve (EVA 0,05). Similarmente, no se encontraron diferencias significativas en la media de EVA (IC 95%) desde los 5 minutos luego del rescate (p > 0.05) entre los grupos. No hubo diferencias en efectos adversos como depresión respiratoria, náuseas, vómitos o prurito entre grupos (p = 1,0). La satisfacción fue comparable en ambos grupos (p >0,05). Conclusiones: La morfina y el fentanilo fueron igualmente efectivos para el rescate en dolor severo desde los primeros 5 minutos, sin diferencias en los efectos adversos en ambos grupos. Registro # NCT02145975 (clinicaltrials.gov, prospectivo).

Introduction: Airway-related problems are the most common perioperative complications in pediatric anesthesia and, among them, the most significant is laryngospasm. The type of device used to secure the airway has been found to be among the factors responsible for this outcome. Objective: To determine whether the use of the classic laryngeal mask (LM) creates a non-inferior risk of laryngospasm compared with the use of the endotracheal tube (ET) in children. Method: Non-inferiority, controlled, double-blind clinical trial with random assignment that included 260 children ages 2 to 14 years, American Society of Anaesthesiology I to III, taken to surgical procedures under general anesthesia. The primary outcome was the development of laryngospasm, and the need to exchange devices, airway trauma, and other respiratory complications were assessed as secondary outcomes. A 10% non-inferiority margin was selected for the difference between the 2 devices. Results: A total of 270 patients were recruited, and 135 were assigned to each group. Laryngospasm occurred in 3.3% of the patients, with an incidence of 5.2% in the LM group versus 1.5% for the ET group, for a difference of 3.7% and a 95% confidence interval (-0.7%, 7.9%). No differences were found among bradycardia, cardiac arrest, and death outcomes. Conclusion: The use of LM in children 2 to 14 years of age taken to various surgical procedures is not inferior or superior to ET in terms of the development of laryngospasm. Trial Resgistration: Clincaltrials.gov, NCT01288248. Resumen Introducción: Los problemas relacionados con el manejo de la vía aérea son las complicaciones perioperatorias más comunes en la anestesia pediátrica; de ellos, el laringoespasmo es el principal. Dentro de los factores de riesgo se ha encontrado que el tipo de dispositivo empleado para el aseguramiento de la vía aérea puede ser responsable de este desenlace. Objetivo: Determinar si el uso de Máscara Laríngea Clásica (ML) genera un riesgo no inferior al uso de Tubo Endotraqueal (TET) para desarrollar laringoespasmo en niños. Metodología: Ensayo clínico controlado de no inferioridad, ciego único, con asignación aleatoria, que incluyó 260 niños de 2 a 14 años, ASA I-III, sometidos a procedimientos quirúrgicos bajo anestesia general. El desenlace primario fue el desarrollo de laringoespasmo y como desenlaces secundarios se evaluaron la necesidad de cambio de dispositivo, trauma de vía aérea y otras complicaciones respiratorias. Se estableció un margen de no inferioridad del 10% para la diferencia entre ambos dispositivos. Resultados: Se reclutaron 270 pacientes, 135 en cada grupo. El laringoespasmo se presentó en el 3,3% de los pacientes, con una incidencia en el grupo de ML de 5,2% vs 1,5% para TET, con una diferencia de 3,7% un IC del 95%: (-0,7%, 7,9%). No se encontraron diferencias entre los desenlaces de bradicardia, paro cardiaco y muerte. Conclusión: El uso de ML en niños de 2-14 años de edad sometidos a diversos procedimientos quirurgicos no es inferior ni superior al TET para desarrollo de laringoespasmo.