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Using a questionnaire, this study investigated the numerous factors affecting the Jordanian population's rejection of COVID-19 vaccines. The data were collected in 2020 to 2021. Using the chi-square test, t -test, Cramer's V -test, and analysis of variance, we found that most of the Sample (72.6%) obtained information on COVID-19 and its vaccines from social media, radio, and television. In comparison, 31.1% and 35.4% of the Sample obtained from government/official sources or health specialists, respectively, with a lesser share relying on colleagues (13.7%) and scientific lectures (17.5%). Furthermore, depending on the participants' characteristics, there were significant differences in the information sources or abstinence factors. Several factors were associated with vaccine refusal and hesitancy, including contradictory/conflicting information, lack of trust in vaccines/manufacturers, doubt about the vaccines' effectiveness, and the belief that the risks of COVID-19 are minimal. Based on these findings, we present several recommendations for policymakers. Plain Language Summary: Vaccine Refusal Factors associated with vaccination refusal among a sample of the Jordanian population This study aimed to comprehend what causes Jordanians to refuse vaccinations. Most participants of the present study learned about COVID-19 and vaccines from radio, television, and social media. Fewer of them turned to official and professional sources. Conflicting information about COVID-19, skepticism about the effectiveness of vaccines and potential side effects, skepticism toward vaccine manufacturers and media sources, uncertainty regarding the efficacy of vaccines, and mistrust in information sources regarding the virus and vaccines have led to confusion and resistance to following health recommendations. These factors resulted in vaccine rejection by considerable percentages of the Jordanian population. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article aimed to investigate the most important challenges facing municipalities in their transition from traditional administration to electronic administration. The descriptive analytical approach was adopted to study the study population (managers and heads of departments in municipalities working in supervisory positions) and a purposive sample (121 respondents) from various municipalities of the central, northern and southern regions. It was found that organizational and administrative challenges are the highest, then societal challenges are in second place, financial challenges are next, and human challenges are the least. The study recommended that the electronic transformation in administration be given all attention in terms of technology and in terms of the human resources necessary for the success of this transformation. It is also necessary to focus on educating the local community and empowering it with technology so that it is ready to accept and keep up with this transformation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: Understanding factors associated with the level of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) knowledge acquisition is crucial to inform preventative programmes for young people. This study examines predictors of HIV knowledge among Jordanian youths. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 8,129 youths aged between 14 and 25 years randomly selected from schools representing each of the 12 governorates of Jordan. A total of 50% of respondents were female and, on average, 17 years old. Participants completed a self-administered questionnaire covering sociodemographic characteristics, HIV knowledge, gender awareness, exposure to and favourable attitudes toward risky behaviours. Results: On a 13-item HIV knowledge test, participants answered an average of 7 questions correctly (mean = 7.21; standard deviation = 2.63). Female respondents from rural areas demonstrated significantly lower levels of HIV knowledge, while college and university students demonstrated higher levels. HIV knowledge differed significantly by sources of information, with peeracquired information associated with more accuracy, while HIV information from parents or health centres was associated with a lower score. Youths with more egalitarian gender views also demonstrated higher knowledge levels, whereas youths approving of drug use showed lower levels of HIV knowledge. Conclusion: HIV education programmes in Jordan should focus on females and youths living in rural areas. Educational institutions have been shown to be effective in providing accurate information to students, while parents and health professionals should also be included in HIV prevention programmes in order to reduce misconceptions and raise the level of HIV knowledge among Jordanian youths.

Abstract Purpose: The purposes of this study were to identify barriers hindering Jordanian women's advancement to higher political and leadership positions and to identify main actions/strategies to facilitate Jordanian women's [...]

As part of the International Sexuality Description Project, a total of 17,804 participants from 62 cultural regions completed the Relationship Questionnaire (RQ), a self-report measure of adult romantic attachment. Correlational analyses within each culture suggested that the Model of Self and the Model of Other scales of the RQ were psychometrically valid within most cultures. Contrary to expectations, the Model of Self and Model of Other dimensions of the RQ did not underlie the four-category model of attachment in the same way across all cultures. Analyses of specific attachment styles revealed that secure romantic attachment was normative in 79% of cultures and that preoccupied romantic attachment was particularly prevalent in East Asian cultures. Finally, the romantic attachment profiles of individual nations were correlated with sociocultural indicators in ways that supported evolutionary theories of romantic attachment and basic human mating strategies. Keywords: romantic attachment; culture; internal working models; human mating strategies

The article discusses research which aimed to identify obstacles, identify promoting strategies and provide clinical recommendations to better facilitate cultural adaptation and translation of psychosocial and mental health treatments in Arab countries. It enumerates acceptability of the intervention within the cultural context, community and system difficulties, and problems with clinical engagement processes as obstacles. The article also suggests to adapt interventions to the local culture.

Purpose: The purposes of this study were to identify barriers hindering Jordanian women's advancement to higher political and leadership positions and to identify main actions/strategies to facilitate Jordanian women's advancement to higher political and leadership positions. Methodology: A cross sectional survey was used where both quantitative and qualitative data were collected utilizing a self-administered questionnaire. A convenience sample of 500 Jordanian women was selected from women working in political and leadership positions in various settings including government, Non Government Organizations (NGOs), business, educational and academic institutions. The Study involved a self administered questionnaire with closed and open ended questions that include the demographic and personal questions, barriers hindering Jordanian women's advancement to higher political and leadership positions and main actions/strategies to facilitate Jordanian women's advancement to higher political and leadership positions. Findings: In their endeavour toward advancement in leadership positions in work and community, women face major obstacles and impediments. These barriers encompass a wide range of obstacles, which include political and legal, personal, family, socio-cultural, and economic barriers. Discrimination against women was a cross cutting issue for all barriers. Political and Legal support, awareness raising and empowerment of women were main issues suggested by women leaders to enhance to higher political and leadership positions. Women should work hard to stick to the heart of the Awakening and fight rather than demand by the name of democracy for their rights in politics and the building of their nation. Recommendations: The study suggests establishment of solid gender-sensitive policies, empowerment of women by strengthening their leadership abilities and capabilities, awareness raising of society about women role in development and involvement of women in the making of democracy and political reform to play an active role in all higher national committees and task groups of political reform. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study investigated high school and university students' attitudes toward women's roles in Jordan. The investigated roles included housework and childcare, education, employment, and women's leadership. The data were obtained through a questionnaire from a national sample consisting of 8129 male and female high school and university students. The findings showed mixed results concerning gender roles. While the respondents were more likely to agree that husbands and sons share housework and childcare, they were less likely to agree to work in a job headed by a woman or to accept women in leadership roles. The respondents were more likely to agree on equal opportunity in education and less likely to agree on equal opportunity in employment. The results also showed that the female respondents shared with their male counterparts the negative attitudes concerning women leadership and managerial roles. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has exacerbated job pressure and risks for healthcare workers (HCWs), who have a significantly higher prevalence of COVID-19 than the general population. The study examines the work-related stressors encountered by healthcare professionals treating COVID-19 patients, focusing on potential variations based on personal and work-related variables., Objective: This study investigated work-related stressors among healthcare professionals treating coronavirus disease (COVID-19) patients, aiming to identify challenges and inform targeted support. The hypothesis posited that stress levels vary based on workload, extended hours, insufficient rest, discomfort from protective gear, burnout, and job dissatisfaction. Additionally, stress effects were expected to differ by sex, age, marital status, income, and education, with younger individuals, women, and those from lower socioeconomic backgrounds experiencing higher rates of stress., Methods: This study examined 198 Jordanian healthcare professionals treating COVID-19 patients across four government, semi-governmental, and private hospitals. The custom-designed instrument assessed demographics and work-related stressors. The measurement instrument and model showed high reliability and validity., Results: The findings revealed that work-related stress and fatigue were rampant among participants, influenced by workload, extended working hours, insufficient rest time, and discomfort from protective gear. Burnout and job dissatisfaction were also reported, with a significant proportion contemplating leaving their jobs. Gender disparities were noted: males struggled with shift systems, while females faced difficulties accessing personal protective equipment and feared job loss. Younger individuals experienced higher stress and fatigue levels, whereas older groups reported significant stress and fatigue compared to middle-aged groups. Additionally, the marital status, education level, and income were linked to specific stress factors., Conclusions: The findings confirm that healthcare professionals treating COVID-19 patients experience varying work-related stress levels due to workload, long hours, insufficient rest, protective gear discomfort, burnout, and job dissatisfaction. The findings, therefore, underscore the need for targeted support and interventions to address stress and safeguard their well-being during the pandemic., Competing Interests: Declaration of conflicting interestsThe authors declared no potential conflicts of interest with respect to the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article.