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Introduction: This study explores the analgesic potential of the novel conotoxin O1_cal6.4b, derived from Californiconus californicus , as a candidate for pain management in a model of inflammatory pain. Methods: O1_cal6.4b was systemically administered to Wistar rats, and its effects on thermal hyperalgesia and motor coordination were evaluated. Comparative analyses were conducted against O1_cal6.4d, ω -MVIIA, and standard analgesics (morphine, dexamethasone, and diclofenac). Structural differences between O1_cal6.4b and O1_cal6.4d were examined using in silico modeling and molecular dynamics simulations. Results: Systemic administration of O1_cal6.4b significantly reduced thermal hyperalgesia in a dose-dependent manner without impairing motor coordination. The analgesic effect of O1_cal6.4b was superior to that of O1_cal6.4d, ω -MVIIA, and standard analgesics. Structural analyses revealed notable differences between O1_cal6.4b and O1_cal6.4d, suggesting unique functional properties. Discussion: The findings indicate that O1_cal6.4b exhibits a promising analgesic profile with advantages over traditional opioid-based therapies. These results underscore the molecular diversity of conotoxins and highlight their potential as innovative analgesic treatments. Further research is needed to elucidate the mechanism of action of this novel conotoxin. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article discusses the synthesis of new C2 bishydroxamic acid (BHA) ligands and their use in asymmetric epoxidation reactions. Previous studies have focused on chiral BHA ligands, but achieving consistent high enantioselectivity has been challenging. The article presents the synthesis of two novel phenyl ring-centered C2 symmetric chiral BHA ligands and their application in asymmetric epoxidation reactions. The researchers optimized reaction conditions and found that acetonitrile was the ideal solvent. However, they encountered challenges in improving the conversion of the reaction and are conducting further investigations. The document provides detailed information about the synthesis and characterization of various compounds, including purification methods and NMR and HRMS data. [Extracted from the article]