15 results on '"Oliveira Carneiro, Ianei"'
Search Results
2. A hepatitis B virus causes chronic infections in equids worldwide
- Author
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the Equid HBV Consortium, Rasche, Andrea, Lehmann, Felix, Goldmann, Nora, Nagel, Michael, Moreira-Soto, Andres, Nobach, Daniel, de Oliveira Carneiro, Ianei, Osterrieder, Nikolaus, Greenwood, Alex D., Steinmann, Eike, Lukashev, Alexander N., Schuler, Gerhard, Glebe, Dieter, and Drexler, Jan Felix
- Published
- 2021
3. A novel hepatitis B virus species discovered in capuchin monkeys sheds new light on the evolution of primate hepadnaviruses
- Author
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de Carvalho Dominguez Souza, Breno Frederico, König, Alexander, Rasche, Andrea, de Oliveira Carneiro, Ianei, Stephan, Nora, Corman, Victor Max, Roppert, Pia Luise, Goldmann, Nora, Kepper, Ramona, Müller, Simon Franz, Völker, Christof, de Souza, Alex Junior Souza, Gomes-Gouvêa, Michele Soares, Moreira-Soto, Andrés, Stöcker, Andreas, Nassal, Michael, Franke, Carlos Roberto, Rebello Pinho, João Renato, Soares, Manoel do Carmo Pereira, Geyer, Joachim, Lemey, Philippe, Drosten, Christian, Netto, Eduardo Martins, Glebe, Dieter, and Drexler, Jan Felix
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
4. Wild mammals involved in the transmission of Trypanosoma cruzi and food sources of Triatoma sherlocki in an endemic region of northeastern Brazil
- Author
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Santos, Flavia, primary, Magalhaes‐Junior, Jairo Torres, additional, de Oliveira Carneiro, Ianei, additional, Lambert, Sabrina Mota, additional, da Silva Souza, Bárbara Maria Paraná, additional, de Pauda, Alini Dias, additional, de Freitas, Marcondes Pessoa, additional, and Franke, Carlos Roberto, additional
- Published
- 2023
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- View/download PDF
5. Retrospective study of triatomines in an endemic region for Chagas disease in the state of Bahia, Brazil.
- Author
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Sousa Santos, Jéssica Samile, Dias de Pauda, Alini, Cavalcante Braga Novais, Joane Maíra, Torres Magalhães Junior, Jairo, de Oliveira Carneiro, Ianei, and dos Santos, Flavia
- Subjects
CONENOSES ,DISEASE progression ,FISHER exact test ,TRIATOMA ,CHAGAS' disease ,TRYPANOSOMA cruzi - Abstract
Copyright of Acta Veterinaria Brasilica is the property of Acta Veterinaria Brasilica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
6. Limited Evidence for Infection of Urban and Peri-urban Nonhuman Primates with Zika and Chikungunya Viruses in Brazil
- Author
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Moreira-Soto, Andres, Oliveira Carneiro, Ianei de, Fischer, Carlo, Feldmann, Marie, Kümmerer, Beate M., Silva, Nama Santos, Santos, Uilton Góes, Carvalho Dominguez Souza, Breno Frederico de, Azevedo Liborio, Fernanda de, Valença-Montenegro, Mônica Mafra, Oliveira Laroque, Plautino de, Fontoura, Fernanda Rosa da, Dantas Oliveira, Alberto Vinicius, Drosten, Christian, Lamballerie, Xavier de, Franke, Carlos Roberto, and Drexler, Jan Felix
- Subjects
chikungunya virus ,flavivirus ,nonhuman primates ,virus diseases ,alphavirus ,Ecological and Evolutionary Science ,Microbiology ,humanities ,QR1-502 ,Research Article ,Zika virus - Abstract
Since 2013, Zika virus (ZIKV) and chikungunya virus (CHIKV) have infected millions of people in the Americas via urban transmission cycles. Nonhuman primates (NHP) are involved in sylvatic transmission cycles maintaining ZIKV and CHIKV in the Old World. We tested NHP sampled during 2012 to 2017 in urban and peri-urban areas severely affected by ZIKV and CHIKV in Brazil. Seroprevalence and antibody titers were low for both viruses. Additionally, we found evidence for infection by heterologous viruses eliciting cross-reactive antibodies. Our data suggest that urban or peri-urban NHP are not easily infected by ZIKV and CHIKV despite intense local transmission. These data may imply that the ZIKV and CHIKV outbreaks in the Americas cannot be sustained in urban or peri-urban NHP once human population immunity limits urban transmission cycles. Investigation of diverse animals is urgently required to determine the fate of the ZIKV and CHIKV outbreaks in the Americas., Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) and Zika virus (ZIKV) emerged in the Americas in 2013. Limited antigenic variability of CHIKV and ZIKV may restrict urban transmission cycles due to population protective immunity. In Africa, sylvatic transmission cycles involving nonhuman primates (NHP) are known for CHIKV and ZIKV, causing cyclic reemergence in humans. To evaluate whether sylvatic cycles can be expected in Latin America, we tested 207 NHP collected between 2012 and 2017 in urban and peri-urban settings in Brazil for infection with ZIKV and CHIKV. No animal tested positive for viral RNA in genus-specific and species-specific reverse transcription-PCR (RT-PCR) assays. In contrast, six animals (2.9%) from the families Atelidae, Callitrichidae, and Cebidae showed ZIKV-specific antibodies and 11 (5.3%) showed CHIKV-specific antibodies in plaque reduction neutralization tests (PRNT). Reactivity was monotypic against either ZIKV or CHIKV in all cases, opposing unspecific virucidal activity of sera. PRNT endpoint titers were low at 1:40 in all NHP, and positive specimens did not correspond to the likely dispersal route and time of introduction of both arboviruses. All antibody-positive samples were therefore tested against the NHP-associated yellow fever virus (YFV) and Mayaro virus (MAYV) and against the human-associated dengue virus (DENV) by PRNT. Two ZIKV-positive samples were simultaneously DENV positive and two CHIKV-positive samples were simultaneously MAYV positive, at titers of 1:40 to 1:160. This suggested cross-reactive antibodies against heterologous alphaviruses and flaviviruses in 24% of ZIKV-positive/CHIKV-positive sera. In sum, low seroprevalence, invariably low antibody titers, and the distribution of positive specimens call into question the capability of ZIKV and CHIKV to infect New World NHP and establish sylvatic transmission cycles. IMPORTANCE Since 2013, Zika virus (ZIKV) and chikungunya virus (CHIKV) have infected millions of people in the Americas via urban transmission cycles. Nonhuman primates (NHP) are involved in sylvatic transmission cycles maintaining ZIKV and CHIKV in the Old World. We tested NHP sampled during 2012 to 2017 in urban and peri-urban areas severely affected by ZIKV and CHIKV in Brazil. Seroprevalence and antibody titers were low for both viruses. Additionally, we found evidence for infection by heterologous viruses eliciting cross-reactive antibodies. Our data suggest that urban or peri-urban NHP are not easily infected by ZIKV and CHIKV despite intense local transmission. These data may imply that the ZIKV and CHIKV outbreaks in the Americas cannot be sustained in urban or peri-urban NHP once human population immunity limits urban transmission cycles. Investigation of diverse animals is urgently required to determine the fate of the ZIKV and CHIKV outbreaks in the Americas.
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
7. A hepatitis B virus causes chronic infections in equids worldwide.
- Author
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Rasche, Andrea, Lehmann, Felix, Goldmann, Nora, Nagel, Michael, Moreira-Soto, Andres, Nobach, Daniel, de Oliveira Carneiro, Ianei, Osterrieder, Nikolaus, Greenwood, Alex D., Steinmann, Eike, Lukashev, Alexander N., Schuler, Gerhard, Glebe, Dieter, and Drexler, Jan Felix
- Subjects
HEPATITIS B virus ,EQUIDAE ,HEPATITIS C virus ,HEPATITIS B ,CHRONIC hepatitis B ,COMMERCIAL products - Abstract
Preclinical testing of novel therapeutics for chronic hepatitis B (CHB) requires suitable animal models. Equids host homologs of hepatitis C virus (HCV). Because coinfections of hepatitis B virus (HBV) and HCV occur in humans, we screened 2,917 specimens from equids from five continents for HBV. We discovered a distinct HBV species (Equid HBV, EqHBV) in 3.2% of donkeys and zebras by PCR and antibodies against EqHBV in 5.4% of donkeys and zebras. Molecular, histopathological, and biochemical analyses revealed that infection patterns of EqHBV resembled those of HBV in humans, including hepatotropism, moderate liver damage, evolutionary stasis, and potential horizontal virus transmission. Naturally infected donkeys showed chronic infections resembling CHB with high viral loads of up to 2.6 × 10
9 mean copies per milliliter serum for >6 mo and weak antibody responses. Antibodies against Equid HCV were codetected in 26.5% of donkeys seropositive for EqHBV, corroborating susceptibility to both hepatitis viruses. Deltavirus pseudotypes carrying EqHBV surface proteins were unable to infect human cells via the HBV receptor NTCP (Na+/taurocholate cotransporting polypeptide), suggesting alternative viral entry mechanisms. Both HBV and EqHBV deltavirus pseudotypes infected primary horse hepatocytes in vitro, supporting a broad host range for EqHBV among equids and suggesting that horses might be suitable for EqHBV and HBV infections in vivo. Evolutionary analyses suggested that EqHBV originated in Africa several thousand years ago, commensurate with the domestication of donkeys. In sum, EqHBV naturally infects diverse equids and mimics HBV infection patterns. Equids provide a unique opportunity for preclinical testing of novel therapeutics for CHB and to investigate HBV/HCV interplay upon coinfection. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
8. Systemic Infection by Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus pseudintermedius in a Bitch.
- Author
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Pereira dos Santos, Jôiciglecia, Machado de Souza, Valesca Ferreira, Silva Pereira, Zayan, de Oliveira Carneiro, Ianei, Soares Frade, Maria Talita, and Alves da Silva Vieira, Layze Cilmara
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METHICILLIN resistance ,STAPHYLOCOCCUS ,ANTI-infective agents ,LYMPH nodes ,FEMALE dogs - Abstract
Background: Staphylococcus pseudintermedius is an opportunistic pathogen, belonging to the genus Staphylococcus. The methicillin-resistant Staphylococci have the mecA-gene, which confers them with the ability of becoming resistant to methicillin and multiple classes of antimicrobials, which makes the treatment of the affections caused by these specimens difficult. This work describes a case of systemic infection and death by methicillin-resistant S. pseudintermedius, in a canine. Case: A crossbred bitch (Canis lupus familiaris), was admitted to the University Veterinary Hospital of the Federal University of Western Bahia (HVU-UFOB). The main complaint reported by the owner was the presence of mammary nodules and constant nasal secretion. During the clinical examination was observed reactivity in the popliteal and left submandibular lymph nodes, pale mucous membranes, stomatitis, bilateral mucopurulent nasal secretion, abdominal pustules, serous secretion in the inguinal mammary gland and focal alopecia on the dorsum. On auscultation, was identified only arrhythmia and the other physiological parameters of the animal were within normality for the species. Samples of the nasal secretion and of the secretion from the abdominal pustules were collected, and sent to the Veterinary Microbiology Laboratory of the same institution. The samples collected were sown in 5% Blood Agar (BA), Sabouraud Agar (SAB) and MacConkey Agar (MCK), after 24 h was observed in BA the growth of macroscopically white colonies, with a humid aspect, creamy consistency, with presence of catalase and a-hemolysis. Microscopically, was observed the presence of Gram-positive cocci, suggestive of Staphylococcus sp. Microscopically, was observed the presence of Gram-positive cocci, suggestive of Staphylococcus sp. In the MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry, was identified S. pseudintermedius. Enrofloxacin [Enrotrat tab® 25 mg, 5 mg/kg, SID, PO, 5 days] was prescribed and a follow-up consultation was requested. Two weeks after leaving the University Veterinary Hospital, the animal was admitted in emergency and was submitted to the support protocol and died during the procedure. After the owner's authorization, the anatomopathological examination was carried out, and fragments of the liver, lung and kidney were collected, in addition to sample of the liquid of the abdominal cavity for microbiological examination, and was evidenced the growth of S. pseudintermedius in all the specimens. The bacterium's susceptibility to 19 antibiotics was tested, and a high degree of resistance was found, with sensitivity only to amoxicillin+ clavulanate (20-10 µg), chloramphenicol (30 µg) and vancomycin (30 µg). Given the detection of MRSP in Chromogenic Agar and in cefoxitin disks, all the specimens were MRSP positive. Discussion: The diagnosis based on the bacteriological culture and anatomopathological findings were essential for the confirmation of the clinical presentation of septicemia. The isolation of S. pseudintermedius in all the analyzed samples, associated to the identification by MALDI-TOF Mass Spectrometry confirmed the clinical suspicion of systemic infection. Based on the result of Antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST) and phenotypic tests, it was evidenced that all the isolates were MRSP positive, presenting multiple resistance to antibiotics, which may have interfered in the efficiency of the treatment. The results obtained in this report are worrying and signal the need for the implementation of phenotypical researches associated to anti-microbial susceptibility tests in bacteria isolated from animals attended in veterinary clinics and hospitals, in order to monitor and avoid the dissemination of pathogens with a multi-resistant profile. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
9. A Novel Marsupial Hepatitis A Virus Corroborates Complex Evolutionary Patterns Shaping the Genus Hepatovirus
- Author
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de Oliveira Carneiro, Ianei, primary, Sander, Anna-Lena, additional, Silva, Namá, additional, Moreira-Soto, Andres, additional, Normann, Andrea, additional, Flehmig, Bertram, additional, Lukashev, Alexander N., additional, Dotzauer, Andreas, additional, Wieseke, Nicolas, additional, Franke, Carlos Roberto, additional, and Drexler, Jan Felix, additional
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
10. Ecoepidemiological approach in an urban community: environmental factors associated with injuries in humans caused by bats.
- Author
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de Jesus Santos, Norlan, de Oliveira Carneiro, Ianei, Borges Carneiro, Aroldo José, Santos da Paz, Elen, Lustosa Brito, Ricardo, and Roberto Franke, Carlos
- Subjects
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BATS , *LABORATORY dogs , *FISHER exact test , *WOUNDS & injuries , *UNIVARIATE analysis , *COMMUNITIES - Abstract
Introduction: The intense urbanization process has resulted in the reduction of forested areas, which poses an additional risk to public health. The aim of this study was to identify environmental variables in an urban community associated with the chances of injuries (bites/scratches) in humans caused by bats. Methodology: The study community was the Historic Center District of Salvador, Bahia, Brazil. The cases were the official records of households that reported injuries in humans caused by bats along the historical series from 2012 to 2015. Controls were selected from households near the cases without records of injuries involving bats. Univariate analysis was performed for the data using the chi-square and Fisher's exact test. Significant variables (p < 0.05) were included in the logistic regression models. Results: The variable for bats having access to households via defective/broken windows showed an association with the cases in the final model (OR = 45.14, CI = 6.08-335.10). The variables presence of domiciled dogs (OR = 6.04, CI = 1.44-25.92) and exposed fruit (OR = 4.41, CI 95% = 1.15-16.9) were significant factors. Conclusion: The results shows that access to the residence and supply of food that can be used by bats are factors that increase the chances of injuries in humans caused by these animals possibly increasing the risk of infectious diseases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
11. The importance of conserved Caatinga forest to avifauna biodiversity and the capacity to sustain livestock herds during dry periods.
- Author
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Cerqueira Lima, Pedro, Lustosa Brito, Ricardo, Lolato Ribeiro, Ossival, de Oliveira Carneiro, Ianei, and Roberto Franke, Carlos
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FOREST biodiversity ,FOREST conservation ,PASTURE animals ,LIVESTOCK ,ARID regions ,ANIMAL herds ,BIODIVERSITY conservation - Abstract
Copyright of Atualidades Ornitológicas is the property of Atualidades Ornitologicas and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2019
12. Knowledge, practice and perception of human-marsupial interactions in health promotion.
- Author
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de Oliveira Carneiro, Ianei, de Jesus Santos, Norlan, Silva, Namá Santos, Lima, Pedro Cerqueira, Meyer, Roberto, Netto, Eduardo Martins, and Franke, Carlos Roberto
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HEALTH promotion , *HUMAN ecology , *INFECTIOUS disease transmission , *ANIMALS , *ZOONOSES , *SENSORY perception - Abstract
Introduction: Approximately 60% of emerging pathogens originate from wild animals, with mammals being the main hosts. Among Didelphis, which are restricted to the Americas, the species Didelphis aurita and Didelphis albiventris are particularly widely distributed throughout Brazil, where they act as hosts for several pathogens transmissible to humans. The reduction of their natural habitat has resulted in the adaptation of these species to human environments. Animals hunting, due to food necessity or cultural habit, may increase pathogen exposure with a potential to zoonotic disease transmission. Methodology: From November to December 2016, we administered semi-structured questionnaires in a rural community in northeastern Brazil to assess knowledge, practices and perceptions regarding human-didelphis interactions and possible exposure to zoonoses. Results: There were 213 respondents. Based on photographs of D. albiventris and D. aurita, 91.2% and 78% respondents, respectively, identified the animal by the popular name "sariguê", 61% (130/213) believed the animal could convey any disease, 4.7% stated they did not, and 34% did not know. Opossum meat consumption was reported by 20.2% (43/213), of which 58.1% admitted disease transmission possibility. Only 15.9% of respondents had a secondary or higher education level. The distribution of these frequencies is discussed according to the respondents educational level. Conclusions: The results reveal the need to carry out health educational activities, including better community knowledge regarding the possible exposure to pathogens due to marsupial consumption. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
13. Limited Evidence for Infection of Urban and Peri-urban Nonhuman Primates with Zika and Chikungunya Viruses in Brazil
- Author
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Moreira-Soto, Andres, Oliveira Carneiro, Ianei De, Fischer, Carlo, Feldmann, Marie, Kümmerer, Beate M., Silva, Nama Santos, Santos, Uilton Góes, Carvalho Dominguez Souza, Breno Frederico De, Azevedo Liborio, Fernanda De, Valença-Montenegro, Mônica Mafra, Oliveira Laroque, Plautino De, Fontoura, Fernanda Rosa Da, Dantas Oliveira, Alberto Vinicius, Drosten, Christian, Lamballerie, Xavier De, Franke, Carlos Roberto, and Drexler, Jan Felix
- Subjects
chikungunya virus ,flavivirus ,nonhuman primates ,virus diseases ,alphavirus ,600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit ,3. Good health ,Zika virus - Abstract
Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) and Zika virus (ZIKV) emerged in the Americas in 2013. Limited antigenic variability of CHIKV and ZIKV may restrict urban transmission cycles due to population protective immunity. In Africa, sylvatic transmission cycles involving nonhuman primates (NHP) are known for CHIKV and ZIKV, causing cyclic reemergence in humans. To evaluate whether sylvatic cycles can be expected in Latin America, we tested 207 NHP collected between 2012 and 2017 in urban and pen-urban settings in Brazil for infection with ZIKV and CHIKV. No animal tested positive for viral RNA in genus-specific and species-specific reverse transcription-PCR (RT-PCR) assays. In contrast, six animals (2.9%) from the families Atelidae, Callitrichidae, and Cebidae showed ZIKV-specific antibodies and 11 (5.3%) showed CHIKVspecific antibodies in plaque reduction neutralization tests (PRNT). Reactivity was monotypic against either ZIKV or CHIKV in all cases, opposing unspecific virucidal activity of sera. PRNT endpoint titers were low at 1:40 in all NHP, and positive specimens did not correspond to the likely dispersal route and time of introduction of both arboviruses. All antibody-positive samples were therefore tested against the NHP-associated yellow fever virus (YFV) and Mayaro virus (MAYV) and against the human-associated dengue virus (DENV) by PRNT. Two ZIKV-positive samples were simultaneously DENV positive and two CHIKV-positive samples were simultaneously MAW positive, at titers of 1:40 to 1:160. This suggested cross-reactive antibodies against heterologous alphaviruses and flaviviruses in 24% of ZIKV-positive/CHIKVpositive sera. In sum, low seroprevalence, invariably low antibody titers, and the distribution of positive specimens call into question the capability of ZIKV and CHIKV to infect New World NHP and establish sylvatic transmission cycles. IMPORTANCE Since 2013, Zika virus (ZIKV) and chikungunya virus (CHIKV) have infected millions of people in the Americas via urban transmission cycles. Nonhuman primates (NHP) are involved in sylvatic transmission cycles maintaining ZIKV and CHIKV in the Old World. We tested NHP sampled during 2012 to 2017 in urban and peri-urban areas severely affected by ZIKV and CHIKV in Brazil. Seroprevalence and antibody titers were low for both viruses. Additionally, we found evidence for infection by heterologous viruses eliciting cross-reactive antibodies. Our data suggest that urban or peri-urban NHP are not easily infected by ZIKV and CHIKV despite intense local transmission. These data may imply that the ZIKV and CHIKV outbreaks in the Americas cannot be sustained in urban or peri-urban NHP once human population immunity limits urban transmission cycles. Investigation of diverse animals is urgently required to determine the fate of the ZIKV and CHIKV outbreaks in the Americas.
14. Infection by Trypanosoma cruzi (Chagas, 1909) in a colony of Triatoma sherlocki Papa et al. 2002 (Reduviidae: Triatominae) present in a subsistence pig farm in Northeast Brazil.
- Author
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Santos, Flavia, Santos Saraiva, Alice, Lambert, Sabrina Mota, Magalhães‐Junior, Jairo Torres, Oliveira Carneiro, Ianei, Parazzi, Larissa José, Oliveira, Jader, Silva Souza, Bárbara Maria Paraná, and Franke, Carlos Roberto
- Subjects
- *
TRIATOMA , *ASSASSIN bugs , *CONENOSES , *TRYPANOSOMA cruzi , *DOMESTIC animals , *SWINE farms , *SWINE , *SUBSISTENCE farming , *WILD boar - Abstract
Triatomines of the species Triatoma sherlocki are considered sylvatic; however, household invasion appears imminent, potentially carrying Trypanosoma cruzi, the causative agent of Chagas disease. The aim of this study was to report the first occurrence of a colony of T. sherlocki infected by T. cruzi in a subsistence pig farm. Triatomines collected underwent polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique for T. cruzi detection and determination of blood meal source. The 19 triatomines collected in the pig farm were of the species T. sherlocki, comprising 26.3% nymphs (5/19), 52.6% males (10/19) and 21.1% females (4/19). PCR showed that 15.8% (3/19) of triatomines were infected by T. cruzi. The only detected blood meal source in triatomines (n = 11) was the domestic mammal Sus scrofa, commonly known as domestic pig, indicating that T. sherlocki is an opportunist, feeding on available vertebrates in the environment, including domestic animals such as pigs. These results highlight the possibility of domiciliation of the species T. sherlocki and its potential role in bridging the transmission of T. cruzi between sylvatic and domestic environments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
15. Antimicrobial resistance profile of extended-spectrum beta-lactamases, adenosine-monophosphate-cyclic, and carbapenemase-producing Gram-negative bacteria isolated from domestic animals.
- Author
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Pereira dos Santos, Jôiciglecia, Machado de Souza, Valesca Ferreira, da Conceição Santos, Marcos Wilker, Nunes dos Santos, Juliany, Silva dos Santos, Natilene, Prado de Oliveira, Angélica, da Silva Rodrigues, Valquíria Tatiele, Oliveira Carneiro, Ianei, and Alves da Silva Vieira, Layze Cilmara
- Subjects
- *
BETA lactamases , *DRUG resistance in microorganisms , *GRAM-negative bacteria , *DOMESTIC animals , *TIME-of-flight mass spectrometry , *CEFEPIME - Abstract
Background and Aim: The production of beta-lactamase enzymes, such as extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL), adenosine-monophosphate-cyclic (AmpC), and Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemase (KPC), is one of the most important mechanisms of bacterial resistance to antimicrobials. Gram-negative bacteria show significant resistance due to various intrinsic and acquired factors. These intrinsic factors include low permeability of the outer membrane, various efflux systems, and the production of beta-lactamases, while acquired factors include chromosomal mutation and acquisition of resistance genes by horizontal transfer. Mobile elements such as plasmids, integrative conjugative elements, mobilizable islands, or transposable elements are involved in horizontal transfer. At present, the Gram-negative pathogens of most concern are Acinetobacter baumannii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and those belonging to the Enterobacteriaceae family (e.g., Escherichia coli, K. pneumoniae, and Proteus mirabilis). This study aimed to evaluate the profile of antimicrobial resistance and the production of the enzymes ESBL, AmpC, and KPC, in 21 gram-negative bacteria isolated from domestic animals treated at the University Veterinary Hospital (HVU) of the Federal University of Western Bahia (UFOB). Materials and Methods: The biological samples (21) were inoculated to brain heart infusion broth, blood agar, and MacConkey agar and incubated for 24-72 h at 37°C. Gram staining and identification through biochemical tests and matrixassociated laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry were conducted. To evaluate the antimicrobial resistance profile, the disk diffusion method was used, and 25 antibiotics were employed. For the detection of ESBL, the disk approximation method was applied using chromogenic agar. The presence of KPC was observed using chromogenic agar and the Hodge test. For AmpC evaluation, the disk approximation method was used. Results: The most isolated agent was E. coli (66.66%, 14/21), followed by K. pneumoniae and P. mirabilis (both 14.29%, 3/21), and then Pasteurella spp. (4.76%, 1/21). The bacterial isolates showed high levels of resistance against clindamycin, penicillin, imipenem, polymyxin, cefoxitin, gentamycin, cefotaxime, ceftazidime, cephalothin, ceftriaxone, ciprofloxacin, trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole, chloramphenicol, and tetracycline. The best effectiveness rates were observed for cefepime, streptomycin, amoxicillin-clavulanate, aztreonam, nalidixic acid, tobramycin, levofloxacin, amikacin, and meropenem. All biological isolates showed multiple resistance to at least three of the antibiotics tested (3/25), and some showed resistance to 24 of the antibiotics tested (24/25). Among the 21 pathogens analyzed, 8 were ESBL producers (38.09%); of these, 6 were identified as E. coli (28.57%), and 2 were identified as K. pneumoniae (9.52%). Two strains of K. pneumoniae produced both ESBL and KPC. None of the isolates were producers of AmpC. Conclusion: The results found in the present work raise concern about the level of antimicrobial resistance among pathogens isolated from domestic animals in Brazil. The results highlight the need for the development and implementation of antiresistance strategies to avoid the dissemination of multiresistant pathogens, including the prudent use of antimicrobials and the implementation of bacterial culture, antimicrobial sensitivity, and phenotypic tests for the detection of beta-lactamase enzymes in bacteria isolated from animals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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