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In Anlehnung an erfolgreich kommerzialisierte Kosmetika können auch funktionalisierte Textilien, die dem biophysikalischen Konzept folgen, einen positiven Beitrag zum Hautschutz und zur Hautpflege leisten. Anwendungsfelder können sich zukünftig im Bereich der Arbeits-, Wellness- und Sportbekleidung ergeben, die insbesondere auf den Outdoor-Bereich abzielen, da für diesen Bereich die physikalische Komponente des Strahlenschutzes deutlich zum Tragen kommt.

A series of rare-earth metal diisopropylamide complexes has been obtained via salt metathesis employing LnCl3(THF)x and lithium (LDA) or sodium diisopropylamide (NDA) in n-hexane. Reactions with AM : Ln ratios ≥3 gave ate complexes (AM)Ln(NiPr2)4(THF)n (n = 1, 2; Ln = Sc, Y, La, Lu; AM = Li, Na) in good yields. For smaller rare-earth metal centres such as scandium and lutetium, a Li : Ln ratio = 2.5 accomplished ate-free tris(amido) complexes Ln(NiPr2)3(THF). The chloro-bridged dimeric derivatives [Ln(NiPr2)2(μ-Cl)(THF)]2 (Ln = Sc, Y, La, Lu) could be obtained in high yields for Li : Ln = 1.6-2. The product resulting from the Li : La = 1 : 1.6 reaction revealed a crystal structure containing two different molecules in the crystal lattice, [La(NiPr2)2(THF)(μ-Cl)]2·La(NiPr2)3(THF)2. Recrystallization of the chloro-bridged dimers led to the formation of the monomeric species Ln(NiPr2)2Cl(THF)2 (Ln = Sc, Lu) and La(NiPr2)3(THF)2. The reaction of YCl3 and LDA with Li : Y = 2 in the absence of THF gave a bimetallic ate complex LiY(NiPr2)4 with a chain-like structure. For scandium, the equimolar reactions with LDA or NDA yielded crystals of tetrametallic mono(amido) species, {[Sc(NiPr2)Cl2(THF)]2(LiCl)}2 and [Sc(NiPr2)Cl2(THF)]4, respectively. Depending on the Ln(iii) size, AM, and presence of a donor solvent, ate complexes (AM)Ln(NiPr2)4(THF)n show distinct dynamic behaviour as revealed by variable temperature NMR spectroscopy. The presence of weak LnCH(iPr) β-agostic interactions, as indicated by Ln-N-C angles

Zur Analyse bestehender und fur die vorausschauende Bestimmung potentieller Gewasserbelastungen in Flussgebieten durch im Raum verteilte Emissionsquellen werden mit Geopraphischen Informationssystemen (GIS) gekoppelte Modelle benotigt, die neben den punktspezifischen Immissionsmengen auch das chemische Selbstreinigungsvermogen der Gewasser lokal berucksichtigen konnen. Ziel des Artikels ist es, einen aktuellen Uberblick uber GIS-basierte Immissionsmodelle zu geben und diese an Beispielen mit dem Modell GREAT-ER zu verdeutlichen. Die Vorteile GIS-basierter Immissionsmodelle liegen in der Visualisierung von Konzentrations- und Frachtprofilen im gesamten Flussgebiet, der Untersuchung von raumlichen und zeitlich variablen Immissionshaufigkeiten und damit der Unterstutzung bei der Uberwachung der Einhaltung von Umweltqualitatsstandards. GIS-basierte Modelle gestatten eine raumlich und zeitlich realitatsnahe Abschatzung der Immission von Flussgebieten. Monitoringprogramme bilden die empirische Grundlage fur die Entwicklung, Uberprufung und Verbesserung von Modellen und sollten mit den Modellen besser abgestimmt werden. Das Zusammenspiel von digitalisierten Kartenwerken, validierten Modellen und optimierten Monitoringprogrammen, wie sie z.B. die Wasserrahmenrichtlinie fordert, fuhrt schlieslich zu einer verbesserten Uberwachung der Gewasserqualitat in Flussgebieten.

Phospholipid-binding proteins in the male genital tract are characterized by differing numbers Fn-2 modules (B-domain) carrying N-term- inal extensions (A-domain) of variable length. In the stallion, three different proteins were identified, SP-1, SP-2, and EQ-12. SP-1 and SP-2 of the AA 0 BB 0 - and ABB 0 -type, respectively, are major proteins of the seminal plasma. Here we report the cDNA sequences of SP-1, and of a new member of the SP-2 family (SPnew) and the partial characterization of their iso- and glycoforms. The phosphorylcholine (PC)-binding ability of the long Fn-2 protein, EQ-12, with four tandemly arranged Fn-2 modules was determined by PC-affinity chromatography. Expression patterns of EQ-12, and the SP-proteins were studied by means of RT-PCR, Northern blot analysis and immunological approaches indicating differential expression along the male reproductive tract. The vast majority of the short SP-1 and SP-2 proteins are produced by the ampulla whereas EQ-12 originates from the epididymis. In- direct immunofluorescence microscopy of sperm iso- lated from different regions of the epididymis and Western blot analysis indicate that both, the long and the short Fn-2 proteins associate to the sperm surface during post-testicular maturation. Sperm binding of Fn-2 proteins at the post-acrosome and midpiece was at first detected in the corpus epididymis. Enhanced fluorescence intensity after ejaculation point to an increased number of molecules bound to the sperm surface. The function of these proteins is discussed in regard to their structure-function relationships. Mol. Reprod. Dev. 70: 45-57, 2004. 2004 Wiley-Liss, Inc.

Phospholipid-binding proteins in the male genital tract are characterized by differing numbers Fn-2 modules (B-domain) carrying N-terminal extensions (A-domain) of variable length. In the stallion, three different proteins were identified, SP-1, SP-2, and EQ-12. SP-1 and SP-2 of the AA'BB'- and ABB'-type, respectively, are major proteins of the seminal plasma. Here we report the cDNA sequences of SP-1, and of a new member of the SP-2 family (SPnew) and the partial characterization of their iso- and glycoforms. The phosphorylcholine (PC)-binding ability of the long Fn-2 protein, EQ-12, with four tandemly arranged Fn-2 modules was determined by PC-affinity chromatography. Expression patterns of EQ-12, and the SP-proteins were studied by means of RT-PCR, Northern blot analysis and immunological approaches indicating differential expression along the male reproductive tract. The vast majority of the short SP-1 and SP-2 proteins are produced by the ampulla whereas EQ-12 originates from the epididymis. Indirect immunofluorescence microscopy of sperm isolated from different regions of the epididymis and Western blot analysis indicate that both, the long and the short Fn-2 proteins associate to the sperm surface during post-testicular maturation. Sperm binding of Fn-2 proteins at the post-acrosome and midpiece was at first detected in the corpus epididymis. Enhanced fluorescence intensity after ejaculation point to an increased number of molecules bound to the sperm surface. The function of these proteins is discussed in regard to their structure-function relationships.