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2 results on '"Omiwole R"'

1. Gamete quality and reproductive performance in clarias gariepinus chronically exposed to industrial effluent mixtures

Author

Ogidan, I. M., Chukwuka, A. V., Omiwole, R. A., Oju Ibor, and Adeogun, A. O.

Subjects
gamete quality, industrial effluents, hatching success, Clarias gariepinus
Abstract

Clarias gariepinus fingerlings were raised to adulthood for nine months in sublethal concentrations (7.67%, 3.83%, 2.56% and 1.92%) of binary mixtures (75:25%) food:beverage effluents and an unexposed control group in a static/renewal bioassay to investigate the effects of industrial effluent on gamete quality and progeny survival. Body weight and GSI of female broodstock were determined. Gamete qualities were also evaluated. To determine reproductive outcomes and larval survival, half of the stripped eggs of female broodstock from all exposure groups were fertilized with milt of males from control exposures in the first experimental setup while for the second experimental setup, the other half of exposed female eggs were fertilized with milt from male broodstock from the same exposure concentrations. Significant concentration dependent decreases were recorded in broodstock body weight, sperm motility and milt volume, egg weight and diameter in all experimental exposures compared with control. Significant concentration dependent decreases were also recorded in hatching period, total number of hatched eggs, % egg viability and larval survival at 21 days. The observed decreases in gamete indices are consistent with lower reproductive outcomes and poor larval survival in higher exposure concentrations, and may influence recruitment and population growth in natural environments.Keywords: gamete quality, industrial effluents, hatching success, Clarias gariepinus

2. Sex-differences in physiological and oxidative stress responses and heavy metals burden in the black jaw tilapia, Sarotherodon melanotheron from a tropical freshwater dam (Nigeria).

Author

Adeogun AO, Ibor OR, Omiwole R, Chukwuka AV, Adewale AH, Kumuyi O, and Arukwe A

Subjects
Animals, Female, Fresh Water chemistry, Male, Nigeria, Oxidative Stress, Sex Characteristics, Water Pollutants, Chemical analysis, Water Pollution, Chemical, Cichlids physiology, Metals, Heavy analysis, Water Pollutants, Chemical toxicity
Abstract

Black jaw tilapia (S. melanotheron) collected from Awba Dam (a watershed recipient of effluents from anthropogenic sources) was analysed for biological responses and trace metal burden with the aim of evaluating sex differences in these responses as a measure of environmental and biota health status. Concentration of heavy metals in fish muscle were analysed and showed values above WHO permissible limits for food. Physiological and biochemical responses (AST, ALT, ALP, total protein, albumin, globulin, BUN, Na + , K + and creatinine) showed apparent sex-related differences. Among antioxidant defence system, mt mRNA and proteins showed higher levels in male S. melanotheron. CAT and GPx activities were significantly higher in males than in female fish, while the corresponding mRNA showed an opposite trend with higher transcripts in females than males. Further, while GST activity was apparently higher in females, GR activity was significantly higher in males, compared to female fish. ZnCu-sod mRNA showed significantly higher transcript levels in males, than females. Overall, the trend in these biological responses showed direct relationship with heavy metal concentrations in fish muscle and sediment. These relationships were revealed using PCA that produced significant groupings between physiological, biochemical and oxidative stress variables and muscle/sediment trace element burden. Specifically, the PCA biplots showed that these biological variables were due to the presence of the heavy metals in the dam. Therefore, the sex differences in the measured cellular adaptations of S. melanotheron in relation to the toxic conditions at the dam may have significant consequences on osmotic balance and cellular processes that regulate biochemical/antioxidant responses towards metabolism, behaviour, growth, reproduction and survival of Awba dam resident fish species. Thus, these responses should be compared to a suitable reference site to discern the extent of effects of the Awba Dam biota for monitoring purposes., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest There are no conflicts of interest associated with our paper., (Copyright © 2019 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)

Published
2020
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