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Purpose: Celiac Disease (CD) is an autoimmune systemic disorder triggered by gluten in genetically susceptible individuals, which can lead to chronic malabsorption. Considering the changes in the manifestations of CD.The present study was designed to determine the nutritional status and prevalence of malnutrition of celiac disease in children and to investigate the nutritional markers, anthropometric parameters such as body mass index (BMI), meal patterns ,and routine laboratory in celiac disease children Methodology: This cross-sectional study aimed to evaluate the children with CD who had referred to Pediatric gastroenterology Clinic between 2021 and 2022. Totally, 40 children were eligible, and their weight, height, and Body Mass Index (BMI) were extracted by interview. The anthropometric indices were presented based on the criteria of the Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and World Health Organization (WHO). Biochemical tests were obtained during the study period from medical files of the studied patients. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics. The Chi-Square test was applied to examine the study data. Findings: Data shows that 52% of CD children were well-nourished while the remaining 45%, 3%had moderate -to-severe malnutrition. Regarding the height for age and weight for age 20% of the participants had short stature, 80% were normal stature, in addition ,40% of the patients had sever wasting for age and 43% had normal weight for age. Based on the CDC’s criteria 20%,65%, 10%, and 20% low BMI, normal BMI, overweight, and obese for age respectively. In addition, results show that most of CD children had normal hemoglobin level with low level of vitamin D. Regarding to meals pattern of CD children result revealed that the most kind of food daily intake was milk and white bread while there was not daily consumed of ice cream and whole wheat bread. Conclusion: To sum up, the results clearly indicated that growth failure and low height, weight, and BMI were less prevalent among the studied group of children with CD. Early diagnosis of celiac disease is very important to prevent long-term complications, early initiation of nutritional intervention and treatment is important. Currently, the only effective treatment is a lifelong gluten-free diet.

Objectives:Predictors of direct-acting antivirals response of HCV serve as assessment methods and help to treat doctors identify patients who are likely or unlikely to SVR. Methods:Egyptian chronic hepatitis C patients (N=300) were divided into 2 groups with 150 patients each. Group 1: received triple therapy (Sofosbuvir, Pegylated interferon, and ribavirin) for 12 weeks. Group 2: received dual therapy (Sofosbuvir and ribavirin) for 24 weeks. For all patients, routine blood markers, extracellular matrix markers, and dendritic cell markers were done. Hyaluronic acid, Collagen IV, Procollagen III peptide, laminin, platelet-derived growth factor and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1, were all performed using ELISA. Dendritic cells Co-stimulatory markers (CD40, CD83, and CD86), and co-inhibitory marker (PD-L1) were evaluated by real-time PCR.Results: SVR is associated with a decrease in the extracellular matrix markers and dendritic cell markers. AST/ALT (p= 0.003), Fibroscan (p= 0.024), CDs co-stimulatory markers and PD-L1 (p= 0.05-p< 0.0001) were differentiated between responders and non-responders. Using multivariate analysis exhibited that the decrease in PDL1 levels was significant (p=0.012) and increase significant (p= 0.024) in CD86 associated with SVR. CD 86/ PDL-1 ratio had an AUC of 0.82 for prediction SVR. Conclusions:Baseline CD 86/ PDL-1 ratio was the only marker predicting SVR.

Background: The exact identification of liver fibrosis is mandatory for customizing therapy and controlling complications. The aim of the current study is to measure the ability to circulate miRNAs; in the diagnosis of hepatic fibrosis.Methods: Routine laboratory, liver biopsy, and histopathological investigations were done on seventy HCV patients. In addition, estimation of HCV-RNA, serum micro RNA (miRNA)-122, 221, 192, 224, 375, and 885 were done by PCR. To assess the ability of each miRNA, the area under the receiver operating characteristics (AUC) curves were plotted. Significant miRNA were analyzed by linear regression analysis in a stepwise pattern to develop a score for pointing out significant fibrosis. Moreover, the following scores were calculated: aspartate aminotransferase (AST)/alanine aminotransferase (ALT) ratio (AAR), aspartate to platelet ratio index (APRI), FIB-4 score, Hui index, Fibrosis Index (FI), Fibro-Q, Fibro-Alfa Biotechnology Research Center (BRC) score, and Gotebörg University Cirrhosis Index (GUCI).Results: Patients with significant and advanced fibrosis have significantly lower miR-122. MiR-122, FIB4, total bilirubin, and miR-855 proved to be independent predictors of significant fibrosis in univariate analysis. A novel score; Cairo University Fibrosis Index (CUFI) based on microRNA 122, FIB4, bilirubin, and microRNA 855 were formulated for the identification of significant liver fibrosis. The AUC of the score, for predicting significant and advanced hepatic fibrosis was 0.85 and 0.81. This AUC was higher than those of other common fibrosis scores.Conclusion: Cairo University Fibrosis Index proved to be better than other existing scores in assessing fibrosis in chronic hepatitis C (CHC) patients.

Animals played a very important role in Ancient Egyptian life, religion, culture and language.[i] There was a very strong bond between them and the Ancient Egyptians starting from the beginning of the history of mankind.[ii] The Ancient Egyptians depended on them during their lifetime for producing food.[iii] They were also used as a way of transportation from one place to another. On the other hand, animal representations helped the Ancient Egyptians to form their writing[iv], their sacred beliefs and to choose their symbols.[v] Because of the importance of animals and birds for the Ancient Egyptians during their daily life, they depicted them in different attitudes and manners on the walls of the tombs. They showed the birds in aggressive, group, sexual, and relief attitudes. Relief attitude of birds is considered one of the most attractive attitudes that were represented in the Ancient Egyptian art, especially on the walls of the tombs. This study aimed to spotlight on the attitudes of birds during the Old Kingdom; to shed light on all types of birds’ relief attitudes during the Old Kingdom; to focus on bird preening movements as represented on the walls of the individual tombs at Saqqara during the Old Kingdom; to express the observation of Saqqara artists concerning birds' relief attitudes during the Old Kingdom; to focus on the types of scenes that included preening movements; and to explain their location in the tomb. The introductory results revealed that animals were represented in most types of the scenes, reflecting the practical (daily life) role of birds in ancient Egyptian society. The representation of birds in different attitudes and poses revealed the cleverness of the artists who dealt with animal and bird scenes more than those who dealt with human forms because the quick movements of the birds need accurate and close observation of the artists. Bird relief attitude was depicted inside a small number of tombs at Saqqara dating back to the Old Kingdom. Preening movement and wing flapping are two types of preening birds. [i] H. Te Velde, "A Few Remarks upon the Religious Significance of Animals in Ancient Egypt," Numen XXVII, Fasc.1 (1980), 76. Linda Evans, Animal Behavior in Egyptian Art (Oxford, 2010), 1. [ii] Patrick F. Houlihan, "Animals in Egyptian Art and Hieroglyphs," in Billie Jean Collins, ed., A History of the Animal World in the Ancient Near East (Brill, 2002), 97. [iii] Evans, Animal Behavior, 1. [iv] Evans, Animal Behavior, 1. [v] Houlihan, "Animals in Egyptian Art and Hieroglyphs," 98.

Starting from thiacalixarene tetraacetates, tetraacetohydrazides have been prepared and then used for the introduction of semicarbazide and thiosemicarbazide fragments into the lower rim by the reaction with phenyl isocyanate and phenyl isothiocyanate in dry toluene. The structures of the prepared compounds were investigated by FT-IR, FAB-MS, 1H NMR, and X-ray crystallography, and their receptor properties were examined by liquid liquid extraction of dichromate anions.

The asymmetric unit of the title compound, C54H64O12S4, consists of one half of the molecule, which is located on an inversion centre. The heterocyclic six-membered ring adopts a distorted envelope conformation with the spiro C atom as the flap. In the crystal, molecules are linked by weak C-H center dot center dot center dot O hydrogen bonds with an R-2(2)(14) motif, forming a chain along the b-axis direction.