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In this paper, the authors try to clarify the relations between Meinong's and Russell's thoughts on the ontological ideas of existence. The Meinongian theory on non-existent objects does not in itself violate the principle of non-contradiction, since the problem that this hypothesis offers to the theory of definite descriptions is not so much a logical problem as an ontological problem. To demonstrate this we will establish what we believe are the two main theses basic to the theory of descriptions: the epistemological thesis and logical thesis., Author(s): J. L. Usó-Doménech [sup.1] , J. A. Nescolarde-Selva [sup.1] , H. Gash [sup.2] Author Affiliations: (1) grid.5268.9, 0000 0001 2168 1800, Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Alicante, , [...]

Los mundos posibles, gobernados por reglas cósmicas conocidas o desconocidas, si es que alguna vez existieron, existen ontológicamente en el reino de lo imaginario y se relacionan con el potencial humano para imaginar más allá de lo que reconocemos como realidad. Este potencial cognitivo, teñido de técnicas narrativas posmodernistas, puede crear historias alternativas a través de las cuales se contemplan los posibles escenarios de la realidad potencial que podría haber ocurrido dependiendo de si sucedieron o no determinados hechos. En lo que respecta a Man in the Dark (2008) de Auster, concebir mundos posibles ha encontrado una salida no solo a través de lo que podría suceder existencialmente, sino también en términos de física cuántica. Al igual que alguna otra aportación de Auster a la ficción alternativa, Man in the Dark nos presenta un retrato de las corrientes subyacentes de los asuntos mundiales y de cómo se interrelacionan a través de las reglas más básicas de la filosofía existencial y la astrofísica. Palabras clave: imaginación; Man in the Dark; Paul Auster; mundos paralelos; física cuántica; Sartre Possible worlds, governed by known or unknown cosmic rules, if ever they existed, do ontologically exist in the realm of the imaginary and relate to the human potential to imagine beyond what we recognize as reality. This cognitive potential, tinged with postmodernist narrative techniques, can create alternative histories through which to contemplate the possible scenarios of the potential reality that could have happened depending on whether certain events did or did not happen. As far as Auster's Man in the Dark (2008) is concerned, imagining possible worlds has found an outlet not only through what could happen existentially, but also in terms of quantum physics. As one of Auster's contributions to alternative fiction, Man in the Dark presents us with a portrait of the underlying currents of world affairs and how they are interrelated through the very basic rules of existential philosophy and astrophysics. Keywords: imagination; Man in the Dark; Paul Auster; parallel worlds; quantum physics; Sartre, Auster's Man in the Dark: Human Existence and Responsibility for Creating Possible Worlds 1. Introduction Man in the Dark (2008), henceforward MD, is Paul Auster's third contribution to the genre [...]

Early in Olive Schreiner's The Story of an African Farm (1883), the child Waldo has a spiritual vision of humankind from a pseudo-omniscient perspective: He saw before him a long [...]

In Ontology, quality determines beings. The quality-quantity bipolarity reveals that a conceptual logical comprehension that can include negation must be a dialectical logic. Quality is a precise characteristic of something (or a subject predicate) capable of augmentation or diminution while remaining identical through differences or quantitative changes. Thus, quality and in opposition quantity are inextricably linked, giving definition to each other, so constituting a logical bipolarity. The theory is that a magnitude G is never separated from secondary qualities [alpha] and [beta], and therefore, a measure depends on a concrete quality G[alpha] or G[beta], that is to say on one pole of a logical bi-pole. However, the particular number, the unit, that expresses the result of a measure is the quality G alone. Examples drawn from physical and chemical experiments illustrate these ideas and elaborate the structure of the concept of opposition between the secondary qualities [alpha] and [beta] of a magnitude G., Author(s): J. L. Usó-Doménech [sup.1] , J. A. Nescolarde-Selva [sup.1] , H. Gash [sup.2] Author Affiliations: (1) grid.5268.9, 0000 0001 2168 1800, Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Alicante, , [...]

This article aims to expand the social-theoretical and psychoanalytic range of research on ontological in/security, by exploring parallel concerns addressed by Beck, Kristeva, Butler and Zizek. These include, first, the psychic roots of othering processes and their encoding into cultural repertoires. Second, the difficulties and possibilities of displacing othering processes within national and international politics. Third, the disruptive effects of globalising processes on the symbolic efficiency of cultures and on their encoded defences against ontological insecurity. Fourth, the crucial significance for political and international relations of the qualitative characteristics of those defences against ontological insecurity that gain predominance within cultural repertoires and their variable norms of recognition. Likewise, the significance of those norms of recognition that challenge established norms and successfully reorganise cultural repertoires. Keywords: Psychoanalysis, Cultures ofAnarchy, Symbolic Efficiency, Norms of Recognition, Othering Processes. Bu makale, Beck, Kristeva, Butler ve Zizek tarafindan ele alinan paralel kaygilari arastirarak, ontolojik guven(siz) lige iliskin sosyo-teorik ve psikanalitik arastirma kapsamini genisletmeyi amaclamaktadir. Bunlar, ilk olarak, otekilestirme sureclerinin psisik koklerini ve bunlarin kulturel dagarciklara kodlanmasini icermektedir. Ikincisi, ulusal ve uluslararasi siyasette otekilestirme sureclerinin yerinden edilmesinin zorluklari ve olanaklaridir. Ucuncusu, kuresellesme sureclerinin kulturlerin sembolik yeterliligi ve ontolojik guvensizlige karsi kodlanmis savunmalari uzerindeki yikici etkileridir. Dorduncusu ise, kulturel dagarciklarda agirlik kazanan ontolojik guvensizlige karsi bu savunmalarin niteliksel ozelliklerinin ve degisken taninma normlarinin siyasi ve uluslararasi iliskiler icin hayati onemidir. Benzer sekilde, yerlesik normlara meydan okuyan ve kulturel dagarciklari basarili bir sekilde yeniden organize eden tanima normlarinin onemidir. Anahtar Kelimeler: Psikanaliz, Anarsi Kulturu, Sembolik Yeterlilik, Taninma Normlari, Otekilestirme Surecleri., Introduction Over the past 15 years or so, a focus on ontological security and its disorienting and destabilising other, ontological insecurity, has developed in the broad research field of International [...]

The univocity of Being does not mean that there is one and the same Being; on the contrary; beings are multiple and different.... The univocity of Being signifies that Being is Voice that it is said, and that it is said in one and the same 'sense' of everything about which it is said. That of which it is said is not at all the same, but Being is the same for everything about which it is said. (1), The ancient philosophical dispute about the unity and difference of being is clearly recalled--and strangely displaced--in two later emblematic notions: the univocity of being, as the keystone in Spinoza's thinking, [...]

Restoration efforts can target very different outcomes. Simply put, restoration is a process, and diverse values and ontological dispositions can shape the why, what and how questions about what people do. Restorative inputs focused on adoptively adding complexity into an ecosystem commits to values that go beyond rehabilitating and just removing threats and harms that are disturbing an ecosystem. Restoring within a landscape to enhance its ecological complexity is a useful goal for adaptive governance, and one which will also enable discussions about how humans and legal and governance institutions can change and respond to managing the environment. Using two scenarios we briefly explore how governance approaches to restoration need ontological dispositions focused on ecological complexity. In particular, we argue in this article that a focus on inputs into ecological complexity creates not only opportunities for overall net gain, but also, and more critically, that it requires legal and governance changes that establish parameters for how the vision will be realised. We explore and briefly discuss four of these institutional challenges to chart further research trajectories for how restorative inputs into ecological complexity can be achieved., I INTRODUCTION In a recent review of the signature conservation legislation in Australia, the Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999 (Cth), The Independent Review of the Environment Protection and [...]

Hilary Putnam's Liberal Naturalism about Language Use, Reference, and Truth, GARY EBBS Hilary Putnam observes that a typical competent English speaker who cannot tell an elm tree from a beech [...]

In this paper, I pay tribute to Jonathan Webber, one of the most dependable interpreters among recent Sartre scholars. I do so by challenging both him and Sartre on an issue that has long frustrated my work on Sartre. In short, Sartre contends that the For-itself's desire to be (and to pursue) Being-in-itself-for-itself'(i.e., God) is in bad faith. This raises two issues: (1) Is this desire to be ens causa sut part of the ontological structure of the For-itself? (2) If so, is bad faith an essential part of the human being? I contend that the desire to be the In-itself-for-itself is, on Sartre's premises, part of the ontological structure of an existing human being (pour-sot). As our original flight from freedom and 'fundamental project,' this constitutes bad faith's 'coming into the world,' and remains part of Being-for-itself's 'natural' disposition to bad faith. Keywords: bad faith, desire, being-for-itself, ontological structure, ens causa sui, Recently I have concluded a close examination of some of Jonathan Webber's analysis and critique (1) of Jean-Paul Sartre's pivotal concepts. Overall, I have focused mainly on Webber's innovative interpretation [...]

JOAN STAMBAUGH PROGRAMMATICALLY OPENED her influential text, The Finitude of Being, by insisting that '[t]hroughout a lifetime of writings, despite some fairly radical changes of perspective, Heidegger always consistently maintained [...]

The last quarter of the twentieth century was one of the most vibrant periods in the history of the humanities. New forms of theory and types of criticism seemed to [...]

Proponents of the 'ontological turn' have apparently brokered a concordat between thinkers. For whatever the diversity of cultures and civilizations studied by archeologists, historians, anthropologists, sociologists, philosophers (and even literary [...]

Introduction Srigupta, a Buddhist philosopher in the Middle Way (Madhyamaka) tradition, was born in Bengal in present-day India in the seventh century. He is best known for his Introduction to [...]

UNACCOUNTABLY WAYWARD About two thirds of the way through Hannah Webster Foster's The Coquette (1797), the novel's eponymous heroine, Eliza Wharton, provides a rather remarkable explanation for her prolonged indecision [...]

Introduction to Cinematic Space in Historical Narrative Film UN NARRATIVE FICTION (i.e., literature, theater, and film), characters are always placed in the specific spaces and times in which the plot [...]

In this article I try to articulate a defensible argumentation against the idea of an ontology of infinity. My position is phenomenologically motivated and in this virtue strongly influenced by the Husserlian reduction of the ontological being to a process of subjective constitution within the immanence of consciousness. However taking into account the historical charge and the depth of the question of infinity over the centuries I also include a brief review of the platonic and aristotelian views and also those of Locke and Hume on the concept to the extent that they are relevant to my own discussion of infinity both in a purely philosophical and epistemological context. Concerning the latter context, I argue against Kanamori's position, in The Infinite as Method in Set Theory and Mathematics, that the mathematical infinite can be accounted for solely in terms of epistemological articulation, that is, in the way it is approached, assimilated, and applied in the course of the construction of mathematical hierarchies. Instead I point to a subjectively constituted immanent 'infinity' in virtue of the a priori as well as factual characteristics of subjective constitution, underlying and conditioning any talk of infinity in an epistemological sense. From this viewpoint I also address some other positions on the question of a possible ontology of the mathematical infinite. My whole approach to the question of the infinite in an epistemological sense hinges on the assumption that the mathematical infinite subsumes the infinite of physical theories to the extent that physics and science in general deal with the infinite in terms of the corresponding mathematical language and the specific techniques involved., Author(s): Stathis Livadas [sup.1] Author Affiliations: (1) Patras, Greece Introduction Is there indeed an answer to the question of the title? And if so can it be a sound and [...]

A SIGNIFICANT MISINTERPRETATION of Hegel's philosophy of nature has dominated the reception of German idealism. One consequence of this misinterpretation is that it has obfuscated the real difference between Hegel, [...]

After the preliminaries, I show that there is a sense of 'exist(s)' that permits the posing of a substantive issue between presentists and eternalists. Then I seek to invigorate a [...]

I A lean hylomorphism stands as a metaphysical holy grail. It would provide an ontology of the composition of material substances that would look materialistic--and so friendly to naturalist interests--but [...]

In this paper, the authors attempt to prove there is a relationship between Borges' 'Argumentum ornithologicum' and Anselm's argument 'Argumentum ontologicum'. We suggest Borges, using the image of a flock of birds, with oriental reminiscences, half joking, half serious attempts to prove the existence of God. We demonstrate the fallacies incurred by Borges and why his 'Argumentum' has no place within the traditional set of ontological arguments. However, it would easy to forget that Borges' claim is not philosophical, nor theological, nor apologetic, but rather ironic or paradoxical., Author(s): J. L. Usó-Doménech [sup.1] , J. A. Nescolarde-Selva [sup.1] , H. Gash [sup.2] Author Affiliations: (1) grid.5268.9, 0000 0001 2168 1800, Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Alicante, , [...]

Abstract: This article offers a reflexive and phenomenological response to some of the challenges of the recent ontological turn. It argues, first, that a focus on embodiment is crucial in [...]

The concept of position or positing is completely simple, and identical with the concept of being in general. (1) I Positing plays such A strangely central role in classical German [...]

I. INTRODUCTION The Anthropocene is here. What this actually means is the subject of some debate. (1) Environmental writer Andrew Revkin observes that the term 'Anthropocene' seems to demonstrate Rorschach-like [...]

I. Introduction The distinction between 'the two truths' was initially developed to resolve seeming contradictions in the Buddha's teachings. (1) The Buddha teaches that persons should act compassionately, that persons [...]

I. Introduction Several philosophers, in both Buddhist philosophy (see, e.g., Zahavi, Thompson, and Siderits 2011) and Western philosophy (Unger 1979a, 1979b, 1979c; Stone 2005) have claimed that the self does [...]

The Puzzle of Hyper-Change, ANDREW LAW If there is a second dimension of time--a so-called hypertime--is it logically possible for the past to change? Some have said yes; others have [...]

This essay examines Philip K. Dick's often ignored and very early novel, The Cosmic Puppets. By studying the text's representation of the human relationship to technology, I argue that much is revealed about Dick's attitude toward technology, ontology, and the place of the individual in the emerging world of technoscience. Because Puppets is a fantasy novel, Dick is free to establish his moral and ideological stance on technology, humanity, and the gods in a way that his later and more fully explicated sf cannot. Technology and Ontology are central themes for Dick, and his engagement with these themes in a fantastic moral myth allows his message to move into the foreground. Understanding Puppets and its hero, Ted Barton, is a vital first step in understanding how Dick felt we should use technology, perceive reality, and ontologically fight for truth., To cease to run is to capitulate. And sooner or later one must cease to run. This moment is the only real moment in which one exists. Everything else is [...]

Both Renaissance Europe and Ming China witnessed an epoch-making declaration of the liberation of the mind, a manifesto that laid the groundwork for the emergence of the modern subjective self. [...]

Abstract Contemporary philosopher David Benatar has advanced the self-evidently controversial claim that 'coming into existence is always a harm.' Benatar's argument turns on the basic asymmetry between pleasure and pain, [...]

We argue that the distinction between framework and interaction theories should be taken carefully into consideration when dealing with the philosophical implications of fundamental theories in physics. In particular, conclusions concerning the nature of reality can only be consistently derived from assessing the ontological and epistemic purport of both types of theories. We put forward an epistemic form of realism regarding framework theories, such as Quantum Field Theory. The latter, indeed, informs us about the general properties of quantum fields, laying the groundwork for interaction theories. Yet, concerning interaction theories, we recommend a robust form of ontological realism regarding the entities whose existence is assumed by these theories. As an application, we refer to the case of the Standard Model, so long as it has proved to successfully inform us about the nature of various sorts of fundamental particles making up reality. In short, although we acknowledge that both framework and interaction theories partake in shaping our science-based view of reality, and that neither would do by itself the work we expect them to accomplish together, our proposal for a coherent ontology of fundamental entities advances a compromise between two forms of realism about theories in each case., Author(s): Diego Romero-Maltrana [sup.1] [sup.2 ] , Federico Benitez [sup.3] [sup.5] , Cristian Soto [sup.4] Author Affiliations: (Aff1) 0000 0001 1537 5962, grid.8170.e, Instituto de Física, Pontificia Universidad Católica de [...]

What IS IT for a philosophical account to be atomist? What is the attraction of an atomistic metaphysics? These questions are best approached by considering representative varieties of atomism. The [...]

In this article, I consider the rising interest in mindfulness meditation in the West and submit it to an analysis from a Sartrean phenomenological and ontological perspective. I focus on a common form of Buddhist meditation known as anapanasati, which focuses on the breath, in order to draw connections between common obstacles and experiences among meditation practitioners and Sartre's understanding of consciousness. I argue that first-person reports generally support a Sartrean view of consciousness as spontaneous, free, and intentional, but I also highlight areas where Sartre's phenomenology and ontology oversimplify the complex relationship between the pre-reflective and reflective modes of consciousness. I contend too that Sartre does not always take seriously enough the distracted, unfocused, and obsessively thought-oriented nature of consciousness.Keywords: Buddhism, consciousness, existentialism, meditation, mindfulness, samadhi, Sartre, vipassana, It has almost become customary for people in the West to adopt and adapt various Eastern practices and traditions in efforts to engage in new, novel, and (one could say) [...]

Although the understanding of social ontology has been the subject of intense debate among constructivists in the discipline of International Relations the prevailing view drawn from these debates tends to equate social ontology with an intersubjective ontology. This stand, which is prominent among the constructivists adopting an interpretive epistemology, obstructs the conceptualization of the objective aspect of social ontology which is independent of intersubjective meanings. This article aims to rethink the social ontology understanding prevalent among the constructivists. This article argues that social ontology cannot be reduced to an intersubjective ontology. The article, based on the insights provided by scientific realism, suggests that the prevalent social ontology understanding in IR is derived from the interpretive epistemological concerns of constructivism and that the conceptualization of the objective aspect of social reality would remain inadequate in case we equate social ontology with intersubjective meanings. Specifically, it is argued that if we try to reduce social structure into the level of practices constituted by intersubjective meanings, we are forced to reduce the significance of social conditions into the significance of norms, rules or discourses. On the other hand, a proper conceptualization of social relations in international relations like hierarchy and dependency, which cannot be reduced to intersubjective meanings, requires considering the objective dimension of social reality.Keywords: Social Ontology, Intersubjective Ontology, Interpretivism, Social Relations, Scientific RealismSosyal ontoloji kavrayisi Uluslararasi Iliskiler disiplininde Insaci yaklasimlar arasinda yogun tartismalarin konusu oldugu halde, bu tartismalarin cogu sosyal ontolojiyi oznelerarasi bir ontoloji ile esitleme egilimindedir. Yorumsamaci bir epistemolojiyi benimseyen Insacilarda one cikan bu tutum, sosyal ontolojinin oznelerarasi anlamlardan bagimsiz olan nesnel boyutunun ihmal edilmesine sebep olmaktadir. Bu makale, Insacilar arasinda hakim olan bu sosyal ontoloji anlayisini yeniden dusunmeyi amaclamaktadir. Makalenin temel varsayimi sosyal ontolojinin oznelerarasi ontolojiye indirgenemeyecegidir. Bu dogrultuda makale, bilimsel gercekciligin sagladigi teorik cerceveye dayanarak, mevcut sosyal ontoloji kavrayisinin Insaciligin yorumsamaci epistemolojisinin kaygilarindan turetildigini ve sosyal ontolojinin oznelerarasi anlamlar ile esitlendiginde sosyal gercekligin nesnel boyutunun kavramsallastirilmasinin yetersiz kalacagini ileri surmektedir. Sosyal yapiyi oznelerarasi anlamlarin pratik duzeyine indirgedigimizde, sosyal kosullarin belirleyiciligini norm ve kurallarin veya soylemlerin belirleyiciligine indirgemek zorunda kalmaktayiz. Oysa uluslararasi iliskilerdeki hiyerarsi ve bagimlilik gibi oznelerarasi anlamlara indirgenemeyen sosyal iliskilerin kavramsallastirilmasi, sosyal gercekligin nesnel boyutunun da dikkate alinmasini gerektirmektedir.Anahtar Kelimeler: Sosyal Ontoloji, Oznelerarasi Ontoloji, Yorumsamacilik, Sosyal Iliskiler, Bilimsel Gercekcilik, Giris1980'lerden itibaren Uluslararasi Iliskiler (UI) disiplininde, Kenneth Waltz'un Yapisal Gercekciligine (1) ickin oldugu ileri surulen 'bireyci' ve 'materyalist' ontolojiye bir tepki olarak gelisen post-pozitivist yaklasimlarinin ortak paydasi, sosyal gercekligin sosyal [...]

This article discusses negotiations of humanity and posthumanity in the contemporary alien invasion narrative of Rick Yancey's Young Adult novel series The 5th Wave, The Infinite Sea and The Last Star. Starting from the vantage point of traditional invasion narratives, the novels quickly reveal the alien Other as essentially absent and replaced by a human-alien hybridity that engages in transhumanist notions of technological enhancement and enacts paradigmatic shifts in self-realization of the human as posthuman. Over the course of three books, the ontological status of both humans and aliens is continuously questioned and redefined, shifting our view from traditional paranoid notions of an Other hiding among us to an approach which sees this alien Other as always already part of the human, a shift which forces us to negotiate the boundaries of our own hybrid becomings. These ontological categories are then projected onto the becoming bodies of the novel's young adult protagonists in order to underscore the structures of differance which underlie human and alien relations. Exposing the irreducible presence of the traces of each in the other and the field of discourse they inhabit, the series finally enacts this differance through the interplay of several variant discourses about transhumanist enhancement, hybrid posthumanity and a becoming-with that reveals the human already alien to itself. By deconstructing these different approaches, this article reveals how Yancey's series promotes an interesting framework for assessing our own potential posthumanity as well as the relation we entertain with those who do not entirely seem to fit within the traditional category of the human., THE IMPACT OF TECHNOLOGY ON OUR DAILY LIVES CAN SCARCELY BE overstated. Innovations in the digital realm have revolutionized the way we move, work, interact, learn--in short, the way we [...]

This piece aims to serve both as a commentary on papers in this special collection as well as a more general observation of recent developments within the emerging interdisciplinary field of critical heritage studies. It explores a series of key theoretical influences which come together, with various emphases, across the collection. This exemplifies a developing strand of research which focuses on material and ontological approaches to heritage. In doing so, this piece aims to consider the implications of these approaches for critical heritage studies more generally. [Keywords: Heritage, critical heritage studies, discourse, materiality, assemblage theory, actor network theory, ontology, worlding practices][Palavras-chave: Patrimonio, estudos criticos sobre patrimonio, discurso, materialidade, teoria de assemblagem, teoria-ator-rede, ontologia], IntroductionThis special collection on 'New Materialities and the Enactment of Collective Pasts' comes, as its title suggests, at a key moment for the emerging interdisciplinary field of critical heritage studies, [...]

IN MY MANY DEBATES WITH THEISTS OVER THE DECADES a handful of arguments for God's existence are routinely articulated as 'proofs' of divine providence. These include the cosmological argument (that [...]

Moral Testimony: A Re-Conceived Understanding Explanation, LAURA FRANCES CALLAHAN Why is there a felt asymmetry between cases in which agents defer to testifiers for certain moral beliefs, and cases in [...]

Stovetop Philosophy: An interview with Ferran Adria, JESSICA JAQUES This text is a result of two long conversations between Ferran Adria and Jessica Jaques at elBulliLab, the creativity laboratory directed [...]

The Nyaya philosopher Udayana devotes the first chapter of his Atmatattvaviveka (ATV) to refuting the Buddhist thesis of universal momentariness--the view that nothing which exists can persist through time--and to [...]

Introduction and Summary of Previous Article This is the second of two articles describing the influence of Abu Hamid Muhammad al-Ghazali (Ghazali, d. 1111 C.E.) on Giovanni Pico della Mirandola [...]

This essay examines how Austrian author Thomas Glavinic's novel Lisa (2011) challenges the necessity of corporeal presence as a precondition for becoming a subject with a legible and stable identity. [...]

A Brief Argument for Consciousness without Access, NICHOLAS D'ALOSIO-MONTILLA This paper proposes a new argument in favor of the claim that phenomenal consciousness overflows--that is, has a far higher capacity [...]

In this paper, we engage in a philosophical investigation of how blockchain technologies such as cryptocurrencies can mediate our social world. Emerging blockchain-based decentralised applications have the potential to transform our financial system, our bureaucracies and models of governance. We construct an ontological framework of 'narrative technologies' that allows us to show how these technologies, like texts, can configure our social reality. Drawing from the work of Ricoeur and responding to the works of Searle, in postphenomenology and STS, we show how blockchain technologies bring about a process of emplotment: an organisation of characters and events. First, we show how blockchain technologies actively configure plots such as financial transactions by rendering them increasingly rigid. Secondly, we show how they configure abstractions from the world of action, by replacing human interactions with automated code. Third, we investigate the role of people's interpretative distances towards blockchain technologies: discussing the importance of greater public involvement with their application in different realms of social life., Author(s): Wessel Reijers [sup.1] , Mark Coeckelbergh [sup.2] Author Affiliations: (Aff1) 0000000102380260, grid.15596.3e, ADAPT Centre, School of Computing, Dublin City University, , Henry Grattan Building, Dublin 9, Ireland (Aff2) 0000 [...]

Preface Kant has explained his view on modality and modal concepts in general in different sections of the Critique of Pure Reason (Kant [1929] 2003) such as the 'Metaphysical Deduction' [...]

Abstract: This article seeks a definition of money by bringing the approaches of Spengler, Plato, Aristotle, and Keynes into dialogue. All four promote alternative views of the ontology of money [...]

I Nietzsche's Will to Power. In the metaphysics of some ancient and most medieval philosophy, all beings causally depend on one Supreme Being--for Aristotle it was a Prime Mover; for [...]