Search

The objective of this study was to investigate the catalytic effect of sodium carbonate on tire pyrolysis oil (TPO) yield and composition when increasing the concentration of a catalyst in the feed material. The collected tire pyrolysis oil samples were analyzed using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and compared to diesel fuel. When the catalyst was introduced, the yield increased from 35 percent to 43 percent for the 10 percent catalyst. It was found from FTIR and GC-MS analyses that the TPO samples produced by both catalytic and thermal pyrolysis were complex mixtures of aliphatic, aromatic, nitrogen, and oxygen-containing compounds with carbon content ranging between C4 and C45 and there was an increase in branching with an increase in the catalyst. The TPO was found to contain aliphatic compounds that were similar to the ones contained in diesel fuel, indicating that the TPO contained some diesel. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Some of the issues that humanity is facing include environmental degradation and an energy crisis. These problems are caused by population growth, rapid industrialization, and large amounts of waste generated as a result of various activities. Disposed tires contribute to landfilling because they do not degrade easily. Natural rubber trees are a source of latex, which is the primary component of tires. Tires can be recycled through pyrolysis to produce char, oil, and gas, but they contain high sulfur content. As a catalyst, 0%, 1.5%, 2.5%, 5%, 7.5% and 10% sodium carbonate of the feed material were used to produce tire pyrolysis oil (TPO). This study involved the investigation of temperature and catalytic sulfur reduction effects on the kinematic viscosity and specific gravity of TPO. These are critical properties to consider when assessing TPO's suitability for use in a diesel engine. The sulfur content decreased with increasing sodium carbonate, the specific gravity of TPO increased with increasing sodium carbonate, and kinematic viscosity decreased with increasing sodium carbonate until the catalyst was 2.5% and then started increasing proportionally with sodium carbonate for temperatures between 15 and 60 °C. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Enzyme based degradation of organic pollutants is a promising detoxifying approach due to the promiscuous nature of the enzyme, efficiency, cost effective and ecofriendly. In the present study, we have carried out detailed decoloration and degradation studies on a model triphenyl methane group of dyes (Malachite Green dye (MG)) using a newly isolated enzyme from Bacillus cereus KM201428 under the static condition. Biodegradation of dyes was monitored by UV-VIS spectrophotometer and the resultant metabolites analyzed by Liquid Chromatography–Hybrid Quadrupole Time of Flight Mass Spectrometry (LC–QToF-MS) and Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry (GC - MS). Metabolite analysis results revealed that enzymatic degradation of MG dye resulted in complete mineralization and benzene ring-removal; the latter known for organic dye toxicity. Kinetic study results revealed that first-order kinetic model was best applicable for describing MG dye decoloration. Michaelise-Menten kinetics, Lineweaver–Burk plot and Eadie-Hofstee plot models were used to establish the kinetic parameters for the dye decoloration. Lineweaver–Burk plot provided the best theoretical correlation of the experimental data with maximum rate (Vmax) of 17.70 mg l-1h-1 and Michaelis constant (Km) of 124 mgl-1. Results provide evidence that crude enzyme from Bacillus cereus strain KM201428 offers an effective, renewable, ecofriendly and affordable biotechnology for treatment of industrial effluents polluted with organic dye. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]