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A two-turn D-shaped test coil with a height of 2.0 m and a width of 1.8 m is fabricated by a react-and-wind method by using a 20 kA Nb3Al cable-in-conduit (CIC) conductor. The total strain of the D-shaped test coil is about 0.57 percent, the same as the triplex-CIC sample fabricated by a W&R method, indicating that bending did not influence the I(sub c).

Using a 20 kA Nb3 Al cable-in-conduit (CIC) conductor, a two-turn fl-shaped test coil with a height of 2.0 m and a width of 1.8 m was fabricated by a react-and-wind (R&W) method. After heat treatment, the conductor was formed to the fl-shaped coil. Bending strain of the conductor is ±0.4% at critical current (Ic) test section. The Ic exceeded 31.4 kA at 7.3 T, 4.2 K. In spite of the stainless steel conduit, a critical current density (Jc) of 89% of the strand value was attained. The total strain of the fl-shaped test coil was about -0.57%, the same as the triplex-CIC sample fabricated by a W&R method, indicating that bending did not influence the 4. The 4 at 7.4 T, 5.6 K including the margin of 1 K exceeds the operational current Therefore, it was concluded that the R&W method is quite appropriate for the toroidal field coil of JT-60SC. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

When Meth-A fibrosarcoma-bearing BALB/c mice were injected subcutaneously with 10 µg of recombinant human interleukin 2 (rIL-2) once a day for 10 days, tumour growth inhibition was in the range of 22-31% of that of the control animals. Anti-tumour effector cells against Meth-A were detected in the spleen cells of the tumour-bearing BALB/c mice injected with rIL-2, using a modified Winn-type neutralization assay with the auxiliary injection of rIL-2. To induce the strongest anti-tumour activity in this assay system, the following were necessary: 1) the effector cells were derived from tumour-bearing BALB/c mice; 2) the donors of the effector cells were injected with rIL-2:3) the recipient mice in the Winn assay were auxiliarily injected with rIL-2 (a modified Winn assay). The anti-tumour effector activity detected in the modified Winn assay was inhibited by treatment with anti-CD8 or anti-asialo GM1 antibodies plus complement (C), but not completely. We supposed that at least two kinds of anti-Meth-A effector cells with different surface antigens, positive for CD8 and asiato GM1 antigens, were induced in the Meth-A-bearing BALB/c mice injected with rIL-2; these populations seemed to function independently and at least partly as anti-tumour effector cells in this tumour-host system. These spleen cells showed in vitro cytoloxicity against Meth-A cells, which are resistant to NK cells, if the activity was measured inn 24 h 51Cr-release assay in the presence of rIL-2. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Discusses the effect of an acidic polysaccharide (PS) produced by the Serratia piscatorum on the immune response in mice. Reason why early and late immunoglobulin M (IgM) responses were increased; Suppression of the IgM PFC responses by higher doses of PS and antigen; Suppression of the primary IgM production of normal syngeneic spleen cells.

Recombinant human interleukin-2 (rIL-2) suppressed metastatic tumour colony formation in the lungs of C578L/6 mice bearing Lewis lung carcinoma (3LL). In tumour-bearing mice given rIL-2, non-specific killer cells that were cytotoxic not only against natural killer-sensitive YAC-1 cells but also against 3LL cells in an in vitro 51Cr-release assay were concomitantly induced as tumour metastasis was suppressed. These non-specific killer cells were mostly removed by treatment with anti-Thy 1.2 or anti-asialo GMI antibody plus complement (C) in vitro but not with anti-Lyt 1.2 or anti-Lyt 2.2 plus C, indicating that they were positive for Thy I and asialo GM I but not for Lyt I and Lyt 2. In order to explore the mechanism by which rIL-2 suppressed tumour metastasis, we examined the clearance of intravenously injected 51Cr-labelled 3LL cells in the lungs of mice given rIL-2. The rate of tumour cell clearance was increased. This enhanced clearance was almost completely removed by injecting anti-asialo GMI antibody. In addition, the injection of anti-asialo GMI antibody also depleted most of the non-specific killer cells induced by administering rIL-2. These results indicate that asialo GMI-positive cells are not only cytotoxic in vitro but also play a critical role in the clearance of 3LL cells in the lungs in vivo. Our results indicate that asialo GMI -positive cells play an important role as anti-metastatic effector cells in suppressing the metastasis of 3LL cells in mice given rIL-2. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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A parallel computation method for large-size Fresnel computer-generated hologram (CGH) is reported. The method was introduced by us in an earlier report as a technique for calculating Fourier CGH from 2D object data. In this paper we extend the method to compute Fresnel CGH from 3D object data. The scale of the computation problem is also expanded to 2 gigapixels, making it closer to real application requirements. The significant feature of the reported method is its ability to avoid communication overhead and thereby fully utilize the computing power of parallel devices. The method exhibits three layers of parallelism that favor small to large scale parallel computing machines. Simulation and optical experiments were conducted to demonstrate the workability and to evaluate the efficiency of the proposed technique. A two-times improvement in computation speed has been achieved compared to the conventional method, on a 16-node cluster (one GPU per node) utilizing only one layer of parallelism. A 20-times improvement in computation speed has been estimated utilizing two layers of parallelism on a very large-scale parallel machine with 16 nodes, where each node has 16 GPUs.

A method has been proposed to reduce the communication overhead in computer-generated hologram (CGH) calculations on parallel and distributed computing devices. The method uses the shifting property of Fourier transform to decompose calculations, thereby avoiding data dependency and communication. This enables the full potential of parallel and distributed computing devices. The proposed method is verified by simulation and optical experiments and can achieve a 20 times speed improvement compared to conventional methods, while using large data sizes.

The anchorage-independence of cells is closely related to their tumorigenicity. In the screening of inhibitors of anchorage-independent growth of tumor cells, anicemycin was isolated from the fermentation broth of an actinomycete strain TP-A0648. The producing strain was isolated from a leaf of Aucuba japonica collected in Toyama, Japan and identified as Streptomyces sp. based on the taxonomic data. The structure of anicemycin was elucidated as a new analog of spicamycin by NMR and MS analysis. Anicemycin inhibited the anchorage-independent growth of the human ovary cancer SKOV-3 cells with an IC50 of 0.015 microM about three times more potently than their anchorage-dependent growth.