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The article raises the issue of changes in the value of land plots depending on their quality characteristics. This study investigated the change in indicators of the monetary assessment of individual agricultural districts (NAD) in connection with the indicators of agricultural production groups of soil quality valuation score. Using the normative indicators of the monetary valuation of land plots, the normative monetary valuation was calculated for 10 natural and agricultural districts of the Kyiv region of Ukraine. Thus, in the Skvyrskyi NAD, the normative monetary value is UAH 37,950.08 per 1 hectare, and the average soil quality valuation score in this area was 55 points by level, which is the highest value of this indicator in the Kyiv region. The lowest credit rating score (15) was recorded in the Chornobyl-Borodyansky NAD, where the norm of capitalized rental income was UAH 10,347.52 per 1 hectare. From 42 to 110 agro-production groups of soils are counted in each of the NADs. Based on the Kyiv region, the average indicators of humus content range from 1.91 to 2.47 %. We established a directly proportional relationship between the soil quality valuation score and humus content, in particular, the correlation coefficient between these indicators ranges from 0.8743 to 0.9376. The research results can be used to carry out land evaluation works on agricultural land. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of the article is to calculate the weighted average of economic efficiency of using forestry fund lands in the context of natural and climatic conditions. Based on the results of the analysis of profitability of using forestry fund lands in the context of natural and climatic zones of Ukraine, it can be concluded that a positive profit indicator is observed in most of the forest-steppe zone, Polissia and the Carpathians, except for the Volyn (-94.1 UAH / ha), Kharkiv (58.2 UAH / ha) and Lviv (-40.2 UAH / ha) regions. It should be noted that in the steppe climatic zone a negative level of economic efficiency of using forestry fund lands is observed, the only exception is the Kirovograd region with the net profit of 41.8 UAH / ha. To average the indicators of efficiency of using forestry fund lands in the natural and climatic zones, we used the weighted average (arithmetic mean). With the help of the mentioned above arithmetic mean, we calculated the weighted average indices of efficiency of using forestry fund lands in the context of climatic zones, in particular, weighted average cost per 1 ha of forest lands, UAH / ha; weighted average gross income per 1 ha of forest lands, UAH / ha; weighted average profit per 1 ha of forest land, UAH / ha; weighted average profit per 1 ha of forest lands (based on the area of the region), UAH / ha; weighted average profitability of 1 ha of forest lands,%; weighted average administrative costs for forestry per 1 ha of forest lands, UAH / ha.

The aim of the article is to determine the amount of fees to be paid by investors for the industrial areas subject to renovation at the stage of approving the relevant project documentation at implementing projects on redevelopment of these areas in the city of Kiev and identify a mechanism for encouraging and stimulating investments in this industry. Despite the complicated procedure for implementing a project on redevelopment (renovation) of industrial areas, it is worth noting that one of quite significant capital-intensive categories of investment activity that creates a certain additional “barrier” for investors is overhead cost, namely, payment for land. That is, at the stage of development, coordination of projects on reorganization of industrial areas, an investor has already to pay a fee for land plots gaining no economic income from these territories. The maximum amount of land tax to be paid by investors for the actual functional use of these lands is 72.51 million UAH / year. Thus, in order to make the redevelopment of large industrial territories attractive to investors, the city authorities should act as a full partner and take a number of obligations, namely, to introduce special investment rules and mechanisms, for example, to significantly shorten the time for review and approval of relevant projects (transferring industrial facilities, changing the purpose of land, constructing new real estate properties, etc.), grant tax breaks (“holidays”) for this period, take the responsibility for organizing the transfer of production facilities and defray part of the costs related to it and after completion of the investment project to transfer the land to the investor without equity participation in a predetermined period.

In view of global climate changes, the study of the ecological feasibility of hydromelioration systems and their impact on the natural environment is extremely relevant. Evaluation of the ecological effectiveness of water regulation of drained land for current and forecasted climatic conditions was performed by determining the environmental reliability coefficient, which characterizes the ecological reliability of a reclamation project. The environmental reliability coefficient was determined on the basis of a certain set of physical indicators. The set of physical indicators reflects the extremely complex nature of the formation of water and general natural and ameliorative regimes of reclaimed land as a whole in changing natural, climatic and agro-ameliorative conditions of real objects. Their determining is based on the implementation of a machine experiment based on a complex of predictive and simulation models for water regulation of drained land on a long-term basis. The obtained results showed that ecologically optimal natural, ameliorative and soil regimes of the drained land, subject to compliance with the restrictions 0.5 < kn ≤ 1.0, are ensured by the application of humidifying sluicing. At the same time, the environmental reliability coefficients are 0.59 and 0.58, respectively, for current and forecast climatic conditions, and the level of ecological reliability of applying humidification to drained land is sufficiently high. The carried out evaluation of ecological reliability of water regulation of drained land confirms the need to increase the role of humidification as a component of effective adaptive measures on drained land in modern and forecasted climatic conditions. Humidifying measures have a decisive influence on the ecological effect and the ecological and amelioration state of drained land. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The presence of water, food and energy crises, both at the global and regional levels, as well as their deterioration under conditions of climate change, with an insufficient level of technical condition of existing irrigation systems, increase the strategic importance of irrigation as the guarantor of the agricultural sector sustainable development. This makes it necessary to increase, foremost, energy and overall (technical, technological, economic, and environmental) efficiency of the closed irrigation network of irrigation systems. In this regard, the complex that includes organisational-technological, technical, and resource-saving groups of measures was developed. Estimation of energy and overall efficiency of the closed irrigation network of irrigation systems at the implementation of developed complex were executed on the example of the agricultural enterprise located in the Petropavlovsk district of the Dnipropetrovsk region of Ukraine. For this purpose, machine experiment based on a use of the set of optimisation, forecasting and simulation models was implemented, including the model of climatic conditions, the model of water regime and water regulation technologies, as well as the model of crop yields on reclaimed lands. According to the obtained results, established that implementation of the complex reduces the consumption of irrigation water by 2.2-30.7% and electricity consumption by 12.9-38.2%. The rate of specific costs decreases from 1.6 to 1.32-1.47, and the coefficient of environmental reliability increases by 5.6-16.7%. At the same time, the profitability index increases from 1.07 to 1.75-2.57, and the discounted payback period decreases from 18 to 8-5 years. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The selection and justification of the feasibility of any environmental, including water projects, are always associated with the analysis of future events and uncertainty of the outcome of the project. Therefore, one of the most important tools of project management is a risk management framework. Risks usually arise from the uncertainty and variability of the economic, environmental, political, social environment, as well as the different operation conditions of a particular object. Weather and climate risk, as a subtype of general environmental risk, reflects the degree of loss of potential yields, and consequently the amount of income, as a result of uncontrolled meteorological factors. Reducing such risk provides a decrease in the impact of adverse natural factors on the efficiency of economic activity, and hence on the degree of technological excellence and environmental reliability of the selected alternative design solutions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this paper is to elaborate of creating web-GIS of Polish burials at the Baikove Cemetery in Kyiv. Achieving this goal involves the following tasks: to develop the structure of the geographic information system, its framework and to fill the file database. For fulfilment of established tasks, a technological scheme consisting of 12 stages is offered. In the first stage, field surveys were performed to determine the coordinates of each grave of the Polish burials of the Baikove Cemetery using a GIS tablet. The total number of point coordinates was 565, which were concentrated in 7 sections of the cemetery. At the eighth stage of the technological scheme the structure of layouts of each html-page of the created online GIS was developed. In the case of the Baikove Cemetery scheme, plots with Polish burials were marked. At the tenth stage, 5 sheets of topographic plans of burials were generated. The eleventh stage is devoted to the creation and filling of a file database on Polish burials. This database contained the following structure: photo of the burial, coordinates, surname and name, years of life, additional photographs, sex of the buried person, interpreted inscription on the tombstone, as well as, if possible, detailed information and profession of the buried person, its outstanding achievements and accomplishments. At the last stage, the hyperlinks of the transition between the pages were configured and the system was tested. The scientific novelty lies in the development of the concept of joint use of various applications of geoinformation and non-geoinformation purposes. The technological scheme of creation of WEB-GIS of Polish burials of the Baikove Cemetery in Kyiv is offered. The implemented geographic information system is designed for inventory of burials, analysis of the condition of tombstones and their spatial location in the cemetery. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article provides an in-depth analysis of the calculation of gross domestic product (GDP) by the production method which is based on gross value added by type of economic activity. The dynamics of indicators that determine the directions of state economic policy is studied. Multi-vector use of GDP, creates a basis for financial support from the IMF, the Maastricht convergence criteria, the forecast of public defense spending. Assessing the contribution of each type of economic activity and each institutional sector of the economy to the creation of GDP, the study identified the following types of economic activity: agriculture; forestry; industry; construction; trade, transport; IT field; financial and insurance activities; scientific and technical, administrative activities; public administration, defense, education, health care and social services; other services (taxes, arts, entertainment and recreation). An important stage of the study was to find the relationships between economic indicators of profitability (average GDP per unit area) and the use of land resources, considering the institutional sectors of the economy. The analysis shows the level of dependence of the income of a particular sector of the economy on the area of land use involved in the formation of national economic benefits. Dependences of profitability of economic sectors on land resource potential are revealed. It is established that to ensure high economic indicators (GDP indicators), it is necessary to develop economic sectors that have a significant impact on the formation of national wealth. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article is devoted to a topical scientific problem in modern conditions – valuation of land in Ukraine. The imperfection of the existing approaches requires further research on the changing conditions of land use and their impact on land pricing. A methodology for determining the market value of reclaimed land based on a differentiated assessment of its productivity through crop yields is proposed, taking into account natural and climatic zones and other conditions of a particular region. The basis of the methodology is the application of long-term forecast and a set of forecast and simulation models, in particular the model of area climatic conditions and the model of water regime and water regulation technologies on reclaimed land. At that the crop yield model as a complex multiplicative type model takes into account all main factors influencing crop yield formation: weather, climatic and soil conditions, cultivation techniques, water regime of reclaimed land, etc. The proposed approaches were tested by the method of large – scale machine experiment using a land plot in the zone of Western Polissya of Ukraine as the example. The obtained results indicate that there is a differentiation in land value, which is a proportional derivative of the yield of cultivated crops depending on the conditions of their cultivation. The variation range of the studied indicators in relative form by the ratio of maximum and minimum values to the weighted average value is for cultivated crops – 393%, and for the above soils – 44.6%. Thus, within one object, the estimated value of land in view of available soils and cultivated crops varies from USD2456∙ha–1 to USD4005 ∙ ha–1, averaging USD3522 ∙ ha–1. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The instability and excessive intensity of modern agriculture's systems are the result of a number of unresolved environmental and economic problems. The main purpose of our study is to assess the economic losses caused by degradation processes within the research facility. Comparing the current cost of future losses from unreceived agricultural products by years while maintaining the existing rate of land degradation, which is 1070.45 thousand UAH, with the total cost of CAOT on erosion-hazardous areas within Kamyanobrid village council Lysyansky district of Cherkasy region - 798.85 thousand UAH, it is possible to determine the economic efficiency of land protection measures in the long run, which is equal to 271.60 thousand UAH, because the arrangement of CAOT elements allows to preserve the existing state of land resources, stop degradation processes and prevent reduction of agricultural production. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article focuses on the actual scientific and practical problem of accounting for the influence of meteorological and climatic factors in the technical and economic calculations in the field of environmental management. It has been proven that the introduction of scientifically sound and effective methods of using meteorological and climatic information in economic calculations significantly reduces the loss caused by weather conditions and improves the implementation of an optimal strategy for agricultural production on reclaimed lands. Such calculations are based on economic and statistical modelling of different variants that accounting for standard hydrometeorological information in the implementation of design, management and economic decisions. This increases the validity and reliability of calculations, as well as their compliance with the actual operating conditions of environmental and economic facilities. Consequently, this attracts increased interest of both public and private investors. Not only under such conditions is a sustainable development of environmental management sectors possible but also the adaptation to global climate change and additional benefits from the efficient economic activity in the new environmental conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The geographical location and climatic conditions of Ukraine cause the active development of land reclamation, as it enables to ensure stable and high yields. The complexity of forecasting in this area, namely the dependence of the results on the changing weather and climate conditions, does not allow to effectively use the standard instruments for justifying the investment for agricultural and land reclamation innovation. The necessity of improving methodological approaches to evaluating the effectiveness of investments in projects in the field of agricultural production and land reclamation was substantiated. The proposed approaches were tested on the advanced technology of water treatment in irrigation based on using a vibrating gravitation filter enabling to perform simultaneously the processes of water treatment and filter element regeneration. The obtained results clearly show that the advanced technology of irrigation water treatment and the developed for this technology design of the vibrating gravity filter are cost-effective. The current payback period for irrigation projects when using the purified water under this advanced technology is 5 years. It is the same as for the irrigation projects when using clean irrigation water. Thus, our proposed approaches to the evaluation of investments in new water treatment technologies applied in irrigation enable to adapt the modern methodology of analysis of economic and investment efficiency of projects to the domestic needs of agricultural production, namely to take into account the impact of changing weather and climate conditions on the resulting economic parameters. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The current trends in rural development, sustainable use of nature, provision of comfortable ecological, economic and social conditions for the life of the population determine the solution to the problem of inequality within the respective state and between the countries as a whole. According to the results of the study of equality of supply with natural resources, in particular, forest land we have found that the greatest imbalance in the generation of gross income from the use of forest land is determined in the Steppe natural and climatic zone (GINI = 0,53) and the Kyiv and Sumy regions, the northern part of which is located in the Polissya zone, and the southern part of the administrative unit is located in the Forest-steppe zone (GINI = 0,92). It should be noted that on all other indicators the calculated Gini index indicates a low inequality in the provision of natural resources to the population, in particular, forestry lands in the context of all natural and climatic zones of Ukraine, which is a favorable factor for rural development, the formation of environmentally-safe conditions people living and decentralization. With the help of Gini index (inequality), it is possible to formulate a conceptual direction of transformation of ecological and economic mechanisms of forest land use, the mainstream of which should approach absolute equality in providing the population with natural resources, in particular, forestry, distribution of economic income from the implementation of forestry production. safe environment and social living conditions of people in newly created UTC. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The role of forests in shaping sustainable use of nature is crucial. One of the main factors in regulating the effects of global warming is the positive impact of forest plantations in the formation of climatic conditions on adjacent agricultural land. The main purpose of our study was to investigate the impact of deforestation on crop yields in Ukraine on the basis of the correlation method, and to outline the economic consequences of such interaction. Deforestation leads to a deterioration of the microclimatic conditions of agricultural production, farmers have to increase the rate of fertilizer application, to solve the problem of optimizing the water regime of the soil, which ultimately has the effect of increasing the cost of growing crops. Based on the calculations, it was proved that crop yields increase with decreasing forest cover (R = 0.58 – 0.61), the reason for this being an increase in fertilizer application volumes (R = 0.72). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Land as a production factor occupies a special position in the economic activities of the urban population. Land resources in big cities are not only territorial basis for placing industrial and production structures, but also a space for urban life in general. However, to assess the effectiveness of urban land use, primarily the ecological and economic potential of the use of the urban land resources should be determined aimed at sustainable development of urban agglomerations (Volodchenkov, 2010). The rapid pace of development of large cities in the world and an increase of their impact on the environment and society is accompanied by the set of economic, ecological and social problems which significantly influence the development of settlements in general (Stol'berh, 2000; Onyshchuk, 2001). However, the process of urbanization as a result of rapid scientific and technological revolution requires large areas for deployment of large scale production facilities and urban settlements in the conditions of natural resource management (Kontorovich, Rivkin, 1986). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]