302 results on '"Operational transformation"'
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2. Conflict Resolution for Data Updates by Multiple Bidirectional Transformations
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Habu, Mikiya, Hidaka, Soichiro, Filipe, Joaquim, Editorial Board Member, Ghosh, Ashish, Editorial Board Member, Prates, Raquel Oliveira, Editorial Board Member, Zhou, Lizhu, Editorial Board Member, Fletcher, George, editor, Nakano, Keisuke, editor, and Sasaki, Yuya, editor
- Published
- 2022
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3. Supporting Cross-Platform Real-Time Collaborative Programming: Architecture, Techniques, and Prototype System
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Ma, Yifan, Yang, Zichao, Chiu, Brian, Zhang, Yiteng, Jiang, Jinfeng, Du, Bowen, Fan, Hongfei, Akan, Ozgur, Editorial Board Member, Bellavista, Paolo, Editorial Board Member, Cao, Jiannong, Editorial Board Member, Coulson, Geoffrey, Editorial Board Member, Dressler, Falko, Editorial Board Member, Ferrari, Domenico, Editorial Board Member, Gerla, Mario, Editorial Board Member, Kobayashi, Hisashi, Editorial Board Member, Palazzo, Sergio, Editorial Board Member, Sahni, Sartaj, Editorial Board Member, Shen, Xuemin (Sherman), Editorial Board Member, Stan, Mircea, Editorial Board Member, Jia, Xiaohua, Editorial Board Member, Zomaya, Albert Y., Editorial Board Member, Gao, Honghao, editor, and Wang, Xinheng, editor
- Published
- 2021
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4. The Development of Representation in Chinese Mathematics Curriculum
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Zhang, Jinyu, Shen, Yang, Bao, Jiansheng, Cai, Jinfa, Series Editor, Middleton, James A., Series Editor, Xu, Binyan, editor, Zhu, Yan, editor, and Lu, Xiaoli, editor
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- 2021
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5. Utveckling av kontor till bostäder : En högaktuell verksamhetstransformation
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Palmqvist, Emil, Östling, Fanny, Palmqvist, Emil, and Östling, Fanny
- Abstract
Den här rapporten studerar värdet i att ta vara på ochrenovera äldre byggnader som saknar användning,till bostäder i ett samhälle med en överhängandebostadsbrist.De nuvarande arbetsnormerna ställer andra krav påkontorsarbetare. Detta borde speglas i förvaltningen avde gamla kontorsbyggnader som inte nyttjas på sammasätt som tidigare.Byggnader lämnas tomma och förfaller, vilket slutarmed att hus rivs för att ge plats för en ny version medsamma verksamhet. Samtidigt står byggsektorn för storamängder av de totala utsläppen i Sverige, som måsteminska för en frisk framtid.Verksamhetsomvandling i en lämplig renovering med braförutsättningar, är en lösning på dessa problem.Syftet med studien är att undersöka hur tillämpningenav kraven som Boverkets byggregler (BBR) ställer påen bostad lämpligt kan genomföras för bostäder i enbefintlig kontorsbyggnad i Stockholm, samt att ta framförslagshandlingar för genomförandet. Grundteseni rapporten är att utgå ifrån en byggnad med engenerell konstruktionsmässig struktur för en friståendekontorsbyggnad, byggd under mitten av 1900-talet. Dettaför att liknande projekt ska finnas och kunna applicerasamma metodik på flera byggnader framåt. Förslagetska motivera till en ökning av renoveringar av befintligabyggnader för en ökad hållbarhet inom byggsektorn.Resultatet av rapporten visar förslag som uppfyller de kravBBR ställer på bostäder i form av säkerhet, bekvämlighetoch tillgänglighet. Slutgiltiga förslaget ska även ha ettsammanhang till dess omgivning och utformningen skakomplettera den befintliga platsen., This project focuses on the value of conserving andrenovating older, unused buildings into homes in a societywith an imminent housing shortage.The current work trends put different demands on officeworkers. This should be reflected in the management ofthe old office buildings that are not used in the same wayas before.Buildings are left unattended and fall into disrepair,resulting in houses being demolished to make way fora new version with similar businesses. Meanwhile, theconstruction sector accounts for large amounts of thetotal emissions in Sweden, which must be reduced for ahealthy future.An operational transformation in a suitable renovation,with good conditions, is one solution to these problems.The purpose of this project is to produce a proposal plan forhousing in an existing office building in Stockholm. As wellas investigating how the application of the requirementsthat Boverkets Byggregler (BBR) places on a residence canbe suitably carried out. The idea is to start from a buildingwith a general structural structure for an independentoffice building, built in the middle of the 20th century. Thisis for the purpose that similar projects can be identifiedand be able to apply the same methodology to severalbuildings in the future. The proposal will motivate anincrease in renovations of existing buildings for a bettersustainability in the construction sector.The result of the work shows proposals that meet therequirements BBR places on housing in terms of safety,convenience and accessibility. The final proposal mustalso have a context to its surroundings and the designmust complement the existing site.
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- 2024
6. CoVim+CoEmacs: A Heterogeneous Co-editing System as a Potential Solution to Editor War
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Cho, Bryden, Ng, Agustina, Sun, Chengzheng, Hutchison, David, Series Editor, Kanade, Takeo, Series Editor, Kittler, Josef, Series Editor, Kleinberg, Jon M., Series Editor, Mattern, Friedemann, Series Editor, Mitchell, John C., Series Editor, Naor, Moni, Series Editor, Pandu Rangan, C., Series Editor, Steffen, Bernhard, Series Editor, Terzopoulos, Demetri, Series Editor, Tygar, Doug, Series Editor, Weikum, Gerhard, Series Editor, and Luo, Yuhua, editor
- Published
- 2018
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7. formic: Building Collaborative Applications with Operational Transformation : (Work in Progress)
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Jungnickel, Tim, Bräunlich, Ronny, Hutchison, David, Series editor, Kanade, Takeo, Series editor, Kittler, Josef, Series editor, Kleinberg, Jon M., Series editor, Mattern, Friedemann, Series editor, Mitchell, John C., Series editor, Naor, Moni, Series editor, Pandu Rangan, C., Series editor, Steffen, Bernhard, Series editor, Terzopoulos, Demetri, Series editor, Tygar, Doug, Series editor, Weikum, Gerhard, Series editor, Chen, Lydia Y., editor, and Reiser, Hans P., editor
- Published
- 2017
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8. Enhancing rich content wikis with real‐time collaboration.
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Ignat, Claudia‐Lavinia, André, Luc, and Oster, Gérald
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WIKIS ,DATA editing ,WEB 2.0 - Abstract
Summary: Wikis are one of the most important tools of Web 2.0 allowing users to easily edit shared data. However, wikis offer limited support for merging concurrent contributions on the same pages. Users have to manually merge concurrent changes, and there is no support for an automatic merging. Real‐time collaborative editing reduces conflicts as the time frame for concurrent work is very short. In this paper, we propose extending wiki systems with real‐time collaboration. We propose an automatic merging solution adapted for rich content wikis. Our solution relies on an operational transformation algorithm defined for high level operations that capture user actions such as move, merge, and split. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2021
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9. A modern online interview platform for recruitment system
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Rahul Raj, Siddharth Jayan, M. Kathiravan, Sathya Kalyan, and M. Madhurani
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business.industry ,Computer science ,Whiteboard ,Process (engineering) ,media_common.quotation_subject ,General Medicine ,Operational transformation ,computer.software_genre ,Test (assessment) ,World Wide Web ,Videoconferencing ,Web application ,Quality (business) ,business ,Online interview ,computer ,media_common - Abstract
Video conferencing applications have become an integral part of today’s world for attending interviews, classes, meetings, and assorted gatherings as well in the COVID-19 era. Alongside the increased use of such applications to facilitate the process of conducting interviews, the quality interview has taken a hit overall. This is largely because prospective candidates resort to fraud by switching tabs and using their phones during the course of an interview, and so come through with flying colors despite a clear lack of skills. Consequently, deserving candidates with the requisite skill set lose out to impostors who manage to clear the interviews. In this paper, we propose an approach to make interviews straightforward and fair to all candidates. Our Online Interview Platform, a web application built using Node.js and Express.js, offers indispensable features that are prerequisites for an interview. These include a real-time collaborative code editor that uses an operational transformation algorithm which allows users to collaborate in real time, test and run code; a video/audio conferencing feature using Peer JS; a chat box for communication, and a real-time collaborative whiteboard that lets users design or draw diagrams. The features are included in the same tab, thus ensuring that the candidate does not switch tabs. Using this application, candidates will be screened based on their technical knowledge, appropriately assessed, and performance-based hiring decisions made. The proposed approach proved that the malpractices strictly restricted while comparing with existing approaches.
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- 2023
10. Jupiter Made Abstract, and Then Refined.
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Wei, Heng-Feng, Tang, Rui-Ze, Huang, Yu, and Lv, Jian
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DATA structures - Abstract
Collaborative text editing systems allow multiple users to concurrently edit the same document, which can be modeled by a replicated list object. In the literature, there is a family of operational transformation (OT)-based Jupiter protocols for replicated lists, including AJupiter, XJupiter, and CJupiter. They are hard to understand due to the subtle OT technique, and little work has been done on formal verification of complete Jupiter protocols. Worse still, they use quite different data structures. It is unclear about how they are related to each other, and it would be laborious to verify each Jupiter protocol separately. In this work, we make contributions towards a better understanding of Jupiter protocols and the relation among them. We first identify the key OT issue in Jupiter and present a generic solution. We summarize several techniques for carrying out the solution, including the data structures to maintain OT results and to guide OTs. Then, we propose an implementation-independent AbsJupiter protocol. Finally, we establish the (data) refinement relation among these Jupiter protocols (AbsJupiter included). We also formally specify and verify the family of Jupiter protocols and the refinement relation among them using TLA
+ (TLA stands for "Temporal Logic of Actions") and the TLC model checker. To our knowledge, this is the first work to formally specify and verify a family of OT-based Jupiter protocols and the refinement relation among them. It would be helpful to promote a rigorous study of OT-based protocols. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2020
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11. Multi-core Accelerated Operational Transformation for Collaborative Editing
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Cai, Weiwei, He, Fazhi, Lv, Xiao, Akan, Ozgur, Series editor, Cao, Jiannong, Series editor, Coulson, Geoffrey, Series editor, Dressler, Falko, Series editor, Ferrari, Domenico, Series editor, Gerla, Mario, Series editor, Kobayashi, Hisashi, Series editor, Palazzo, Sergio, Series editor, Sahni, Sartaj, Series editor, Shen, Xuemin (Sherman), Series editor, Stan, Mircea, Series editor, Xiaohua, Jia, Series editor, Zomaya, Albert, Series editor, Bellavista, Paolo, Series editor, Guo, Song, editor, Liao, Xiaofei, editor, Liu, Fangming, editor, and Zhu, Yanmin, editor
- Published
- 2016
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12. Verified Operational Transformation for Trees
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Sinchuk, Sergey, Chuprikov, Pavel, Solomatov, Konstantin, Hutchison, David, Series editor, Kanade, Takeo, Series editor, Kittler, Josef, Series editor, Kleinberg, Jon M., Series editor, Mattern, Friedemann, Series editor, Mitchell, John C., Series editor, Naor, Moni, Series editor, Pandu Rangan, C., Series editor, Steffen, Bernhard, Series editor, Terzopoulos, Demetri, Series editor, Tygar, Doug, Series editor, Weikum, Gerhard, Series editor, Blanchette, Jasmin Christian, editor, and Merz, Stephan, editor
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- 2016
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13. Analysis of Operational Transformation Algorithms
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Santosh Kumawat, Ajay Khunteta, Afzalpulkar, Nitin, editor, Srivastava, Vishnu, editor, Singh, Ghanshyam, editor, and Bhatnagar, Deepak, editor
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- 2016
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14. Awakening Decentralised Real-Time Collaboration: Re-engineering Apache Wave into a General-Purpose Federated and Collaborative Platform
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Ojanguren-Menendez, Pablo, Tenorio-Fornés, Antonio, Hassan, Samer, Kacprzyk, Janusz, Series editor, Omatu, Sigeru, editor, Malluhi, Qutaibah M., editor, Gonzalez, Sara Rodríguez, editor, Bocewicz, Grzegorz, editor, Bucciarelli, Edgardo, editor, Giulioni, Gianfranco, editor, and Iqba, Farkhund, editor
- Published
- 2015
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15. LightCore: Lightweight Collaborative Editing Cloud Services for Sensitive Data
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Jiang, Weiyu, Lin, Jingqiang, Wang, Zhan, Li, Huorong, Wang, Lei, Hutchison, David, Series editor, Kanade, Takeo, Series editor, Kittler, Josef, Series editor, Kleinberg, Jon M., Series editor, Mattern, Friedemann, Series editor, Mitchell, John C., Series editor, Naor, Moni, Series editor, Pandu Rangan, C., Series editor, Steffen, Bernhard, Series editor, Terzopoulos, Demetri, Series editor, Tygar, Doug, Series editor, Weikum, Gerhard, Series editor, Malkin, Tal, editor, Kolesnikov, Vladimir, editor, Lewko, Allison Bishop, editor, and Polychronakis, Michalis, editor
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- 2015
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16. Near Real-Time Collaborative Conceptual Modeling on the Web
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Derntl, Michael, Nicolaescu, Petru, Erdtmann, Stephan, Klamma, Ralf, Jarke, Matthias, Hutchison, David, Series editor, Kanade, Takeo, Series editor, Kittler, Josef, Series editor, Kleinberg, Jon M., Series editor, Mattern, Friedemann, Series editor, Mitchell, John C., Series editor, Naor, Moni, Series editor, Pandu Rangan, C., Series editor, Steffen, Bernhard, Series editor, Terzopoulos, Demetri, Series editor, Tygar, Doug, Series editor, Weikum, Gerhard, Series editor, Johannesson, Paul, editor, Lee, Mong Li, editor, Liddle, Stephen W., editor, Opdahl, Andreas L., editor, and Pastor López, Óscar, editor
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- 2015
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17. Conflict Resolution in Collaborative User Interface Mashups
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Hertel, Michael, Tschudnowsky, Alexey, Gaedke, Martin, Hutchison, David, Series editor, Kanade, Takeo, Series editor, Kittler, Josef, Series editor, Kleinberg, Jon M., Series editor, Mattern, Friedemann, Series editor, Mitchell, John C., Series editor, Naor, Moni, Series editor, Pandu Rangan, C., Series editor, Steffen, Bernhard, Series editor, Terzopoulos, Demetri, Series editor, Tygar, Doug, Series editor, Weikum, Gerhard, Series editor, Cimiano, Philipp, editor, Frasincar, Flavius, editor, Houben, Geert-Jan, editor, and Schwabe, Daniel, editor
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- 2015
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18. A Framework for Performance Evaluation of Decentralized Eventual Consistency Algorithms
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Mehdi Ahmed-Nacer and Pascal Urso
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Distributed Systems ,Eventual Consistency ,Operational Transformation ,Commutative Replicated Data Types ,Collaboration ,Benchmark ,Performance Analysis ,Framework ,Data Replication ,Technology - Abstract
Eventual Consistency (EC) model is adopted by numerous large-scale distributed systems. To ensure performance and scalability, this model allows any replica to accept updates without remote synchronization. Nowadays, many EC algorithms are developed to control the behavior of the replicated data in the face of concurrent updates. Among them, those using a central server to order the updates, while others support the decentralization. In this paper, we focus on decentralized EC algorithms. Suitability of such algorithms under users and devices constraints such as execution time, memory requirements, messages size and quality of the result remains to be investigated under different conditions. Evaluate such algorithms in different context and under different parameters require a framework. In this paper, we propose a generic framework designed to evaluate diferent decentralized EC algorithms, in diferent context by controlling diferent parameters. Our framework provides a generic simulator that generates a runnable data following diferent parameters.
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- 2017
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19. Replicated Convergent Data Containers
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Herb, Tobias, Kao, Odej, Hutchison, David, Series editor, Kanade, Takeo, Series editor, Kittler, Josef, Series editor, Kleinberg, Jon M., Series editor, Kobsa, Alfred, Series editor, Mattern, Friedemann, Series editor, Mitchell, John C., Series editor, Naor, Moni, Series editor, Nierstrasz, Oscar, Series editor, Pandu Rangan, C., Series editor, Steffen, Bernhard, Series editor, Terzopoulos, Demetri, Series editor, Tygar, Doug, Series editor, Weikum, Gerhard, Series editor, Ait Ameur, Yamine, editor, Bellatreche, Ladjel, editor, and Papadopoulos, George A., editor
- Published
- 2014
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20. Collaborative Interactive Theorem Proving with Clide
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Ring, Martin, Lüth, Christoph, Hutchison, David, editor, Kanade, Takeo, editor, Kittler, Josef, editor, Kleinberg, Jon M., editor, Kobsa, Alfred, editor, Mattern, Friedemann, editor, Mitchell, John C., editor, Naor, Moni, editor, Nierstrasz, Oscar, editor, Pandu Rangan, C., editor, Steffen, Bernhard, editor, Terzopoulos, Demetri, editor, Tygar, Doug, editor, Weikum, Gerhard, editor, Klein, Gerwin, editor, and Gamboa, Ruben, editor
- Published
- 2014
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21. Formal Verification of Operational Transformation
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Liu, Yang, Xu, Yi, Zhang, Shao Jie, Sun, Chengzheng, Hutchison, David, editor, Kanade, Takeo, editor, Kittler, Josef, editor, Kleinberg, Jon M., editor, Kobsa, Alfred, editor, Mattern, Friedemann, editor, Mitchell, John C., editor, Naor, Moni, editor, Nierstrasz, Oscar, editor, Pandu Rangan, C., editor, Steffen, Bernhard, editor, Terzopoulos, Demetri, editor, Tygar, Doug, editor, Weikum, Gerhard, editor, Jones, Cliff, editor, Pihlajasaari, Pekka, editor, and Sun, Jun, editor
- Published
- 2014
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22. The Effect of Digital Channel Migration, Automation and Centralization on the Efficiency of Operational Staff of Bank Branches.
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Ortaköy, Selman and Özsürünç, Zehra
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BRANCH banks ,DECENTRALIZATION in government ,AUTOMATION ,BUSINESS models ,DIGITAL image correlation ,EMPLOYEES - Abstract
Change in business models of branch operations in all banks has accelerated with the diversification of technological opportunities in order to enhance efficiency of physical branch channels, which is one of the biggest cost items of banks. On the other hand, digital transformation projects raise the question of whether they will eliminate the need for physical branches and / or how to serve customers through a physical branch structure in the upcoming period. On the one hand, operational transformation is realized through "automation" and "digital channel migration" projects throughout the Bank, while on the other hand "centralization" in physical branches is also on the agenda. In this study, a medium-sized participation bank which has been operating in Turkey was taken as an example and operational transformation projects carried out between the years 2015-2018 were followed for four years and discussed in three categories. The effect of transformation projects on the efficiency of branch operation staff was analyzed and a future projection for branch business model is suggested. The study has shown that transformation projects bring major changes in terms of operational branch efficiency and that physical branch structures go towards a period in which the operational transactions are made entirely from central or self-service channels. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2019
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23. Merging By Decentralized Eventual Consistency Algorithms
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Ahmed-Nacer Mehdi, Pascal Urso, and François Charoy
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Operational Transformation ,Commutative Replicated Data Types ,collaborative editing ,merging interfering ,merge procedure ,conflicts. ,Technology - Abstract
Merging mechanism is an essential operation for version control systems. When each member of collaborative development works on an individual copy of the project, software merging allows to reconcile modifications made concurrently as well as managing software change through branching. The collaborative system is in charge to propose a merge result that includes user’s modifications. Theusers now have to check and adapt this result. The adaptation should be as effort-less as possible, otherwise, the users may get frustrated and will quit the collaboration. This paper aims to reduce the conflicts during the collaboration and im prove the productivity. It has three objectives: study the users’ behavior during the collaboration, evaluate the quality of textual merging results produced by specific algorithms and propose a solution to improve the r esult quality produced by the default merge tool of distributed version control systems. Through a study of eight open-source repositories totaling more than 3 million lines of code, we observe the behavior of the concurrent modifications during t he merge p rocedure. We i dentified when th e ex isting merge techniques under-perform, and we propose solutions to improve the quality of the merge. We finally compare with the traditional merge tool through a large corpus of collaborative editing.
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- 2015
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24. One Consistency Model of Collaborative Learning for Distance Education
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Xiaohua, Wang, Tianze, Li, Kacprzyk, Janusz, editor, and Wu, Yanwen, editor
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- 2012
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25. Enriching Web Applications with Collaboration Support Using Dependency Injection
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Heinrich, Matthias, Grüneberger, Franz Josef, Springer, Thomas, Gaedke, Martin, Hutchison, David, editor, Kanade, Takeo, editor, Kittler, Josef, editor, Kleinberg, Jon M., editor, Mattern, Friedemann, editor, Mitchell, John C., editor, Naor, Moni, editor, Nierstrasz, Oscar, editor, Pandu Rangan, C., editor, Steffen, Bernhard, editor, Sudan, Madhu, editor, Terzopoulos, Demetri, editor, Tygar, Doug, editor, Vardi, Moshe Y., editor, Weikum, Gerhard, editor, Brambilla, Marco, editor, Tokuda, Takehiro, editor, and Tolksdorf, Robert, editor
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- 2012
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26. Symbolic Model-Checking of Optimistic Replication Algorithms
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Boucheneb, Hanifa, Imine, Abdessamad, Najem, Manal, Hutchison, David, Series editor, Kanade, Takeo, Series editor, Kittler, Josef, Series editor, Kleinberg, Jon M., Series editor, Mattern, Friedemann, Series editor, Mitchell, John C., Series editor, Naor, Moni, Series editor, Nierstrasz, Oscar, Series editor, Pandu Rangan, C., Series editor, Steffen, Bernhard, Series editor, Sudan, Madhu, Series editor, Terzopoulos, Demetri, Series editor, Tygar, Doug, Series editor, Vardi, Moshe Y., Series editor, Weikum, Gerhard, Series editor, Méry, Dominique, editor, and Merz, Stephan, editor
- Published
- 2010
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27. Syncro - Concurrent Editing Library for Google Wave
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Goderbauer, Michael, Goetz, Markus, Grosskopf, Alexander, Meyer, Andreas, Weske, Mathias, Hutchison, David, editor, Kanade, Takeo, editor, Kittler, Josef, editor, Kleinberg, Jon M., editor, Mattern, Friedemann, editor, Mitchell, John C., editor, Naor, Moni, editor, Nierstrasz, Oscar, editor, Pandu Rangan, C., editor, Steffen, Bernhard, editor, Sudan, Madhu, editor, Terzopoulos, Demetri, editor, Tygar, Doug, editor, Vardi, Moshe Y., editor, Weikum, Gerhard, editor, Benatallah, Boualem, editor, Casati, Fabio, editor, Kappel, Gerti, editor, and Rossi, Gustavo, editor
- Published
- 2010
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28. An Undo Framework for P2P Collaborative Editing
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Weiss, Stéphane, Urso, Pascal, Molli, Pascal, Akan, Ozgur, Series editor, Bellavista, Paolo, Series editor, Cao, Jiannong, Series editor, Dressler, Falko, Series editor, Ferrari, Domenico, Series editor, Gerla, Mario, Series editor, Kobayashi, Hisashi, Series editor, Palazzo, Sergio, Series editor, Sahni, Sartaj, Series editor, Shen, Xuemin (Sherman), Series editor, Stan, Mircea, Series editor, Xiaohua, Jia, Series editor, Zomaya, Albert, Series editor, Coulson, Geoffrey, Series editor, Bertino, Elisa, editor, and Joshi, James B. D., editor
- Published
- 2009
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29. Undo-Based Access Control for Distributed Collaborative Editors
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Cherif, Asma, Imine, Abdessamad, Hutchison, David, Series editor, Kanade, Takeo, Series editor, Kittler, Josef, Series editor, Kleinberg, Jon M., Series editor, Mattern, Friedemann, Series editor, Mitchell, John C., Series editor, Naor, Moni, Series editor, Nierstrasz, Oscar, Series editor, Pandu Rangan, C., Series editor, Steffen, Bernhard, Series editor, Sudan, Madhu, Series editor, Terzopoulos, Demetri, Series editor, Tygar, Doug, Series editor, Vardi, Moshe Y., Series editor, Weikum, Gerhard, Series editor, and Luo, Yuhua, editor
- Published
- 2009
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30. Coordination Model for Real-Time Collaborative Editors
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Imine, Abdessamad, Hutchison, David, Series editor, Kanade, Takeo, Series editor, Kittler, Josef, Series editor, Kleinberg, Jon M., Series editor, Mattern, Friedemann, Series editor, Mitchell, John C., Series editor, Naor, Moni, Series editor, Nierstrasz, Oscar, Series editor, Pandu Rangan, C., Series editor, Steffen, Bernhard, Series editor, Sudan, Madhu, Series editor, Terzopoulos, Demetri, Series editor, Tygar, Doug, Series editor, Vardi, Moshe Y., Series editor, Weikum, Gerhard, Series editor, Field, John, editor, and Vasconcelos, Vasco T., editor
- Published
- 2009
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31. Peer-to-peer collaboration over XML documents
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Ignat, Claudia-Lavinia, Oster, Gérald, Hutchison, David, editor, Kanade, Takeo, editor, Kittler, Josef, editor, Kleinberg, Jon M., editor, Mattern, Friedemann, editor, Mitchell, John C., editor, Naor, Moni, editor, Nierstrasz, Oscar, editor, Pandu Rangan, C., editor, Steffen, Bernhard, editor, Sudan, Madhu, editor, Terzopoulos, Demetri, editor, Tygar, Doug, editor, Vardi, Moshe Y., editor, Weikum, Gerhard, editor, and Luo, Yuhua, editor
- Published
- 2008
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32. Applying a Theorem Prover to the Verification of Optimistic Replication Algorithms
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Imine, Abdessamad, Rusinowitch, Michaël, Hutchison, David, editor, Kanade, Takeo, editor, Kittler, Josef, editor, Kleinberg, Jon M., editor, Mattern, Friedemann, editor, Mitchell, John C., editor, Naor, Moni, editor, Nierstrasz, Oscar, editor, Pandu Rangan, C., editor, Steffen, Bernhard, editor, Sudan, Madhu, editor, Terzopoulos, Demetri, editor, Tygar, Doug, editor, Vardi, Moshe Y., editor, Weikum, Gerhard, editor, Comon-Lundh, Hubert, editor, Kirchner, Claude, editor, and Kirchner, Hélène, editor
- Published
- 2007
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33. CHANGING THE WAY THE ENTERPRISE WORKS : Operational Transformations
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Greene, Thomas J., Chen, Chin-Sheng, editor, Filipe, Joaquim, editor, Seruca, Isabel, editor, and Cordeiro, José, editor
- Published
- 2006
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34. A Collaborative Table Editing Technique Based on Transparent Adaptation
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Xia, Steven, Sun, David, Sun, Chengzheng, Chen, David, Hutchison, David, editor, Kanade, Takeo, editor, Kittler, Josef, editor, Kleinberg, Jon M., editor, Mattern, Friedemann, editor, Mitchell, John C., editor, Naor, Moni, editor, Nierstrasz, Oscar, editor, Pandu Rangan, C., editor, Steffen, Bernhard, editor, Sudan, Madhu, editor, Terzopoulos, Demetri, editor, Tygar, Dough, editor, Vardi, Moshe Y., editor, Weikum, Gerhard, editor, Meersman, Robert, editor, and Tari, Zahir, editor
- Published
- 2005
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35. Optimistic Locking Concurrency Control Scheme for Collaborative Editing System Based on Relative Position
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Mao, Qirong, Zhan, Yongzhao, Wang, Jinfeng, Hutchison, David, editor, Kanade, Takeo, editor, Kittler, Josef, editor, Kleinberg, Jon M., editor, Mattern, Friedemann, editor, Mitchell, John C., editor, Naor, Moni, editor, Nierstrasz, Oscar, editor, Pandu Rangan, C., editor, Steffen, Bernhard, editor, Sudan, Madhu, editor, Terzopoulos, Demetri, editor, Tygar, Dough, editor, Vardi, Moshe Y., editor, Weikum, Gerhard, editor, Shen, Weiming, editor, Lin, Zongkai, editor, Barthès, Jean-Paul A., editor, and Li, Tangqiu, editor
- Published
- 2005
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36. Deductive Verification of Distributed Groupware Systems
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Imine, Abdessamad, Molli, Pascal, Oster, Gérald, Rusinowitch, Michaël, Kanade, Takeo, editor, Kittler, Josef, editor, Kleinberg, Jon M., editor, Mattern, Friedemann, editor, Mitchell, John C., editor, Naor, Moni, editor, Nierstrasz, Oscar, editor, Pandu Rangan, C., editor, Steffen, Bernhard, editor, Sudan, Madhu, editor, Terzopoulos, Demetri, editor, Tygar, Dough, editor, Vardi, Moshe Y., editor, Weikum, Gerhard, editor, Rattray, Charles, editor, Maharaj, Savitri, editor, and Shankland, Carron, editor
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- 2004
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37. CoDoc: Multi-mode Collaboration over Documents
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Ignat, Claudia-Lavinia, Norrie, Moira C., Kanade, Takeo, editor, Kittler, Josef, editor, Kleinberg, Jon M., editor, Mattern, Friedemann, editor, Mitchell, John C., editor, Naor, Moni, editor, Nierstrasz, Oscar, editor, Pandu Rangan, C., editor, Steffen, Bernhard, editor, Sudan, Madhu, editor, Terzopoulos, Demetri, editor, Tygar, Dough, editor, Vardi, Moshe Y., editor, Weikum, Gerhard, editor, Persson, Anne, editor, and Stirna, Janis, editor
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- 2004
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38. Proving Correctness of Transformation Functions in Real-Time Groupware
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Imine, Abdessamad, Molli, Pascal, Oster, Gérald, Rusinowitch, Michaël, Kuutti, Kari, editor, Karsten, Eija Helena, editor, Fitzpatrick, Geraldine, editor, Dourish, Paul, editor, and Schmidt, Kjeld, editor
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- 2003
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39. Customizable Collaborative Editor Relying on treeOPT Algorithm
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Ignat, Claudia-Lavinia, Norrie, Moira C., Kuutti, Kari, editor, Karsten, Eija Helena, editor, Fitzpatrick, Geraldine, editor, Dourish, Paul, editor, and Schmidt, Kjeld, editor
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- 2003
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40. Intention Preservation by Multi-versioning in Distributed Real-Time Group Editors
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Xue, Liyin, Orgun, Mehmet, Zhang, Kang, Goos, Gerhard, editor, Hartmanis, Juris, editor, van Leeuwen, Jan, editor, Han, Yanbo, editor, Tai, Stefan, editor, and Wikarski, Dietmar, editor
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- 2002
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41. Flexible Merging for Asynchronous Collaborative Systems
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Shen, Haifeng, Sun, Chengzheng, Goos, Gerhard, editor, Hartmanis, Juris, editor, van Leeuwen, Jan, editor, Meersman, Robert, editor, and Tari, Zahir, editor
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- 2002
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42. A string-wise CRDT algorithm for smart and large-scale collaborative editing systems.
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Lv, Xiao, He, Fazhi, Cai, Weiwei, and Cheng, Yuan
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- *
EDITING software , *BIG data , *CLOUD computing - Abstract
With the development of big data and cloud computing, real-time collaborative editing systems have to face new challenges. How to support string-wise operations for smart and large-scale collaborations is one of the key issues in next generation of collaborative editing systems, which is both the core topic of collaborative computing area and the fundamental research of many collaborative systems in science and engineering. However, string-wise operations have troubled the existing collaborative editing algorithms, including Operational Transformation (OT) and Commutative Replicated Data Type (CRDT), for many years. This paper proposes a novel and efficient CRDT algorithm that integrates string-wise operations for smart and massive-scale collaborations. Firstly, the proposed algorithm ensures the convergence and maintains operation intentions of collaborative users under an integrated string-wise framework. Secondly, formal proofs are provided to prove both the correctness of the proposed algorithm and the intentions preserving of string-wise operations. Thirdly, the time complexity of the proposed algorithm has been analyzed in theory to be lower than that of the state of the art OT algorithm and CRDT algorithm. Fourthly, experiment evaluations show that the proposed algorithm outperforms the state of the art OT algorithm and CRDT algorithm. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2017
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43. Towards Trustworthy Collaborative Editing.
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Babi, Mamdouh and Wenbing Zhao
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EDITING software ,CLIENT/SERVER computing ,FAULT tolerance (Engineering) ,BYZANTINE agreement protocols (Computer network protocols) ,SYNCHRONIZATION - Abstract
Real-time collaborative editing applications are drastically different from typical client-server applications in that every participant has a copy of the shared document. In this type of environment, each participant acts as both a client and a server replica. In this article, we elaborate on how to adapt Byzantine fault tolerance (BFT) mechanisms to enhance the trustworthiness of such applications. It is apparent that traditional BFT algorithms cannot be used directly because it would dictate that all updates submitted by participants be applied sequentially, which would defeat the purpose of collaborative editing. The goal of this study is to design and implement an efficient BFT solution by exploiting the application semantics and by doing a threat analysis of these types of applications. Our solution can be considered as a form of optimistic BFT in that local states maintained by each participant may diverge temporarily. The states of the participants are made consistent with each other by a periodic synchronization mechanism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2017
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44. Intention preservation in deterministic multithreading: a partial solution.
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Zhao, Wenbing, Luo, Xiong, Zhu, Yueqin, and Chai, Hua
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Deterministic multithreading is a promising new research area that aims to enable reproducible deterministic execution of multithreaded applications. Some of the proposed approaches can render data races deterministic. In this study, the authors introduce the intention preservation problem in multithreaded applications and point out that existing deterministic multithreading approaches do not always preserve the program intention. While it is desirable to automatically capture the full intention of a program and preserve it in deterministic multithreading, it might be an intractable problem. Instead, they provide a partial solution for two specific cases. In the first case, they aim to preserve the program intention for read and write operations on primitive types by tracking read–write causality. In the second case, they preserve the program intention for concurrent write operations on ordered collection types by applying an operational transformation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2016
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45. Jupiter Made Abstract, and Then Refined
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Yu Huang, Jian Lv, Hengfeng Wei, and Rui-Ze Tang
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Model checking ,Protocol (science) ,Relation (database) ,Computer science ,Programming language ,Operational transformation ,computer.software_genre ,Data structure ,Computer Science Applications ,Theoretical Computer Science ,Jupiter ,Computational Theory and Mathematics ,Hardware and Architecture ,computer ,Formal verification ,Software - Abstract
Collaborative text editing systems allow multiple users to concurrently edit the same document, which can be modeled by a replicated list object. In the literature, there is a family of operational transformation (OT)-based Jupiter protocols for replicated lists, including AJupiter, XJupiter, and CJupiter. They are hard to understand due to the subtle OT technique, and little work has been done on formal verification of complete Jupiter protocols. Worse still, they use quite different data structures. It is unclear about how they are related to each other, and it would be laborious to verify each Jupiter protocol separately. In this work, we make contributions towards a better understanding of Jupiter protocols and the relation among them. We first identify the key OT issue in Jupiter and present a generic solution. We summarize several techniques for carrying out the solution, including the data structures to maintain OT results and to guide OTs. Then, we propose an implementation-independent AbsJupiter protocol. Finally, we establish the (data) refinement relation among these Jupiter protocols (AbsJupiter included). We also formally specify and verify the family of Jupiter protocols and the refinement relation among them using TLA+ (TLA stands for “Temporal Logic of Actions”) and the TLC model checker. To our knowledge, this is the first work to formally specify and verify a family of OT-based Jupiter protocols and the refinement relation among them. It would be helpful to promote a rigorous study of OT-based protocols.
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- 2020
46. Composing and decomposing op-based CRDTs with semidirect products
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Matthew Weidner, Heather Miller, and Christopher Meiklejohn
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FOS: Computer and information sciences ,Semidirect product ,Theoretical computer science ,Computer science ,Semantics (computer science) ,Eventual consistency ,020207 software engineering ,02 engineering and technology ,Construct (python library) ,Operational transformation ,Data type ,Computer Science - Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing ,020204 information systems ,0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering ,Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC) ,Safety, Risk, Reliability and Quality ,Software - Abstract
Operation-based Conflict-free Replicated Data Types (CRDTs) are eventually consistent replicated data types that automatically resolve conflicts between concurrent operations. Op-based CRDTs must be designed differently for each data type, and current designs use ad-hoc techniques to handle concurrent operations that do not naturally commute. We present a new construction, the semidirect product of op-based CRDTs, which combines the operations of two CRDTs into one while handling conflicts between their concurrent operations in a uniform way. We demonstrate the construction's utility by using it to construct novel CRDTs, as well as decomposing several existing CRDTs as semidirect products of simpler CRDTs. Although it reproduces common CRDT semantics, the semidirect product can be viewed as a restricted kind of operational transformation, thus forming a bridge between these two opposing techniques for constructing replicated data types., Comment: 25 pages, 3 figures
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- 2020
47. Extreme modelling in practice
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Max Hirschhorn, A. Jesse Jiryu Davis, and Judah Schvimer
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FOS: Computer and information sciences ,Computer Science - Logic in Computer Science ,Computer science ,business.industry ,General Engineering ,Complex system ,sync ,020207 software engineering ,02 engineering and technology ,Operational transformation ,Replication (computing) ,Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO) ,Software Engineering (cs.SE) ,Computer Science - Software Engineering ,020204 information systems ,0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering ,Code (cryptography) ,Transcription (software) ,Software engineering ,business ,Implementation ,Protocol (object-oriented programming) - Abstract
Formal modelling is a powerful tool for developing complex systems. At MongoDB, we use TLA + to model and verify multiple aspects of several systems. Ensuring conformance between a specification and its implementation can add value to any specification; it can avoid transcription errors, prevent bugs as a large organization rapidly develops the specified code, and even keep multiple implementations of the same specification in sync. In this paper, we explore model-based testing as a tool for ensuring specification-implementation conformance. We attempted two case studies: model-based trace-checking (MBTC) in the MongoDB Server's replication protocol and model-based test-case generation (MBTCG) in MongoDB Realm Sync's operational transformation algorithm. We found MBTC to be impractical for testing that the Server conformed to a highly abstract specification. MBTCG was highly successful for Realm Sync, however. We analyze why one technique succeeded and the other failed, and advise future implementers making similar attempts at model-based testing.
- Published
- 2020
48. Real Differences between OT and CRDT under a General Transformation Framework for Consistency Maintenance in Co-Editors
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Agustina Ng, Chengzheng Sun, Weiwei Cai, David Sun, and Bryden Cho
- Subjects
Property (philosophy) ,Correctness ,Computer Networks and Communications ,Computer science ,05 social sciences ,0211 other engineering and technologies ,02 engineering and technology ,Operational transformation ,Data science ,Data type ,law.invention ,Human-Computer Interaction ,Concurrency control ,Consistency (database systems) ,law ,021105 building & construction ,CLARITY ,0501 psychology and cognitive sciences ,Set (psychology) ,050107 human factors ,Social Sciences (miscellaneous) - Abstract
OT (Operational Transformation) was invented for supporting real-time co-editors in the late 1980s and has evolved to become a collection of core techniques widely used in today's working co-editors and adopted in major industrial products. CRDT (Commutative Replicated Data Type) for co-editors was first proposed around 2006, under the name of WOOT (WithOut Operational Transformation). Follow-up CRDT variations are commonly labeled as "post-OT" techniques capable of making concurrent operations natively commutativity in co-editors. On top of that, CRDT solutions have made broad claims of superiority over OT solutions, and routinely portrayed OT as an incorrect, complex and inefficient technique. Over one decade later, however, CRDT is rarely found in working co-editors, and OT remains the choice for building the vast majority of today's co-editors. Contradictions between the reality and CRDT's purported advantages have been the source of much confusion and debate in co-editing research and developer communities. Have the vast majority of co-editors been unfortunate in choosing the faulty and inferior OT, or those CRDT claims are false? What are the real differences between OT and CRDT for co-editors? What are the key factors and underlying reasons behind the choices between OT and CRDT in the real world? A thorough examination of these questions is relevant not only to researchers who are exploring the frontiers of co-editing technologies and systems, but also to practitioners who are seeking viable techniques to build real world applications. To seek truth from facts, we set out to conduct a comprehensive and critical review on representative OT and CRDT solutions and working co-editors based on them. From this work, we have made important discoveries about OT and CRDT, and revealed facts and evidences that refute CRDT claims over OT on all accounts. We report our discoveries in a series of articles and the current article is the first one in this series. In this paper, we present a general transformation framework for consistency maintenance in co-editors, which was distilled from dissecting and examining representative OT and CRDT solutions (and other alternative solutions) during this work, and report our discoveries under the guidance of this framework. In particular, we reveal that CRDT is like OT in following a general transformation approach, but achieves the same transformation indirectly, in contrast to OT direct transformation approach; and CRDT is not natively commutative for concurrent co-editing operations, but has to achieve the same OT commutativity indirectly as well, with consequential correctness and complexity issues. Uncovering the hidden transformation nature and demystifying the commutativity property of CRDT provides much-needed clarity about what CRDT really is and is not to co-editing, and serves as the foundation to explore the real differences between OT and CRDT in correctness, complexity, implementation, and real world applications, which are reported in follow-up articles. We hope discoveries from this work help clear up common misconceptions and confusions surrounding OT and CRDT, and accelerate progress in co-editing technology for real world applications.?
- Published
- 2020
49. The Parting of the Ways: Divergence, Data Management and Collaborative Work
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Dourish, Paul, Marmolin, Hans, editor, Sundblad, Yngve, editor, and Schmidt, Kjeld, editor
- Published
- 1995
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50. Digital Workplace Transformation: Small Scale Literature Review and Study of Managers in Bosnia and Herzegovina
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Mićić Ljubiša
- Subjects
Knowledge management ,business.industry ,Technological change ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Scale (social sciences) ,Scopus ,Field research ,Digital transformation ,Quality (business) ,Operational transformation ,business ,Adaptation (computer science) ,media_common - Abstract
Modern workplace requires not just technological adaptation but also organizational and process changes in order to achieve functional and operational transformation of traditional workplace into digital future workplace. Different sociological and technological changes have influenced that traditional ways of communication, cooperation and collaboration are achieved with use of specific technological tools and organizational adaptation. Paper provides literature review on the subject of digital transformation correlation to technological, and organizational conditions. Search and review include search of key research databases including Web of Sciences, Scopus, Springer Link and Google scholar. Additional, paper provides short quality field research with 44 managers in small and medium companies in Bosnia and Herzegovina and their perception of importance and correlation of above mentioned factors and digital workplace transformation. Based on their professional perception, experience and recommendation, the paper also provides a proposal of framework for successful digital workplace transformation which could be a base for further research and use by academics and digitalization professionals.
- Published
- 2021
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