Search

This article draws on the literature in development economics, psychology and sociology to explicate how decolonised early childhood education and care services can reverse the metacolonial cognition lingering in the postcolonial era. In particular, the author shows that colonial institutions persist even after formal colonisation has ended through the application of de facto power. Self-knowledge developed during early childhood impacts adult socio-economic life outcomes. Thus, decolonising early childhood development and care by ensuring positive representations of self will improve self-perceptions and self-awareness. The implications for practice and policy are discussed within the context of deploying decolonised early childhood development and care services to raise a new generation of confident Africans to accelerate the development of the continent and regions with similar histories of colonisation.

The aim of the study was to assess and contrast psychosocial wellbeing of traditional and non-traditional students in fashion programme. The study was necessitated by a lack of evidence on students’ general psychosocial wellbeing, especially the increasing number of non-traditional students who are choosing to pursue higher education for a myriad of reasons. The study utilised a cross-sectional approach in which data were gathered from a sample of 394 traditional and 207 non-traditional students. Data were analysed by means of independent t-test and Pearson correlation. The study found a high prevalence of anxiety–stress and depression among the participants which require attention, even though non-traditional students coped better and performed academically better than traditional students. Again, anxiety–stress and depression were positively related to academic workload such that students who experienced higher academic workloads tended to also experience higher levels of anxiety–stress and depression. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study examines the career goal-setting behaviour of fashion design students enrolled in a Technical Vocational Education and Training (TVET) programme using the goal-setting theory. A cross-sectional survey was carried to obtain data from 514 respondents who were conveniently sampled. Structural equation model was used to analyse the data. The study revealed that specific goal-setting constructs such as feedback mechanisms, goal commitment, and self-efficacy have significant predictive impact on implementation intention. In addition, on aggregate terms, goal-setting had a significant impact on implementation intention; however, gender did not significantly moderate the relationship between goal-setting and implementation intention. The study provides an important insight on how goal-setting constructs (i.e., self-efficacy, goal commitment, feedback mechanism, situational constraints) and implementation intention can be used to motivate students and aid policy formulation and implementation intention of students in Fashion Design and TVET. This contributes to our understanding of the application of goal-setting theory in the context of students in a career-driven academic programme, where students' individual goal-setting behaviour may often be overlooked. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The history of psychology in Ghana has received research attention. However, documentation of regional or provincial history of psychology in Ghana has not received enough scholarly attention. In a resource-constrained setting, the least developed areas are often neglected, especially in terms of service provision and historical research. It is important that the progress of psychology in Northern Ghana, one of the least developed regions in Ghana, is examined to inform public policy decisions. In this paper, we discuss the history of psychology and its practice in Northern Ghana. We present the challenges faced by the profession in the region and some recommendations for improvement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Early childhood science and intervention (ECSI) or simply early childhood development (ECD) is now a multi‐billion‐dollar industry that seeks to export one form of family model, parenting practices, and perspective of child development to the rest of the world. This practice occurs through the efforts of agencies such as the World Health Organization, United Nations Children's Fund, the World Bank Group, and the LEGO Foundation. As a result, Gabriel Scheidecker and colleagues (2023) are justified to characterize ECSI as global ECD that seeks to improve the brains of children in the majority world to break the vicious cycle of poverty. I complement Scheidecker et al.'s (2023) arguments by highlighting a key link that sustains global ECD—the academics and practitioners from the majority world who, knowingly or unknowingly, perpetuate this practice. In this commentary, I discuss why and how such academics and practitioners contribute to the practice of global ECD. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents a review of the past and present upper echelons research with the intention of drawing attention to the need for a change of direction from causal descriptive studies to causal explanatory studies. Review of the extant literature indicates that many of the organizational researchers have shown greater interest in studying relationships between top management characteristics (in the form of demographics) and organizational outcomes. This has continued despite the effort by Priem, Douglas and Gregory to draw attention to the limitations of demographic proxies of psychographic variables of top management teams and the caution that the role of the entire top management team in strategy development may be over-exaggerated. Since many of the studies failed to show empirically how or why top management demographics related to organizational outcomes, implications for theory and research are discussed. U ovom se radu prezentira pregled prethodnih i tekucih saznanja o istrazivanju 'gornjih esalona', kako bi se ukazalo na potrebu promjene istrazivackog usmjerenja od deskripcije prema objasnjenju kauzalnosti. Pregled postojece literature indicira sve veci interes istrazivaca za analizu odnosa izmedu demografskih karakteristika top menadzmenta i rezultata organizacije. Ovakva se orijentacija nastavlja i dalje, bez obzira na upozorenja Priema, Douglasa i Gregora, koji ukazuju na ogranicenja demografskih varijabli kao nadomjestka istrazivanja psihografskih varijabli u timovima top menadzmenta, kao i na pozornost koju treba obratiti na moguce preuvelicavanje uloge top menadzmenta u formuliranju strategije. S obzirom da mnoge studije nisu pokazale empirijsku povezanost demografskih obiljezja najvise razine menadzmenta s organizacijskim performansama, raspravlja se o implikacijama ove problematike za teoriju i empirijsko istrazivanje., 1. BACKGROUND There is some reason to believe that organizations parallel the profile of the dominant individuals who manage the affairs of the organization and that some organizational pathologies may [...]

Research on childhood in anthropology and neighboring disciplines has continuously broadened the range of the social partners that are considered relevant for young children's development—from parents to other caregivers, siblings, and peers. Yet most studies as well as interventions in early childhood still focus exclusively on parents, who are presumed to be the most significant socializing agents. Objecting to such a hierarchical understanding of the social world of children, I propose a complementarity view. Rather than being linearly ranked in a hierarchy of significance, children's social partners may complement each other by providing different but equally significant experiences. My suggestions are based on an ethnographic study in a rural community in Madagascar. Focusing on children in the first 3 years of life, I explore the full range of their social partners and the respective experiences they provide. Caregivers focus on children's physical needs and aim to keep them in a calm emotional state, while other young related children are the most crucial partners when it comes to play, face-to-face interaction, and the exchange of intense emotions. These complementary roles, I argue, lead to the parallel formation of two distinct socioemotional modes: a hierarchical one and an egalitarian one. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Water production in the matured oil reservoir is a big concern to the petroleum industry because of increased oil production costs and water discharge problems. In the present study, Poly (Acrylamide/Co- Sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate (SDBS)) preformed particle gels (PPG) was synthesized, characterized, and evaluated as a conformance control agent for the high-temperature and high-salinity conditions. The rheological properties, along with the chemical and thermal stability of the synthesized PPGs were enhanced through optimization by integrating new functional groups (SDBS) into their structure to resist as high as 10% salinity and 100 °C. A succession of 16 experiments with varying amounts of acrylamide, SDBS and bentonite concentrations were conducted to obtain the optimum composition to yield the best PPG. The results showed improved swelling ratio, gel strength, rheological properties and thermal stability of the PPGs synthesized. A Delay in degradation of bentonite impregnated PPGs was observed from 37 days to 120 days @100 °C, whereas the increase in water residual resistance factor was 184.6%. The use of low-cost bentonite clay as a new material, in place of costly nanoparticles in nano-PPG, would like to reduce to cost of effective water shutoff to reduce water production. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]