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• A novel concept of "size distribution of biodegradation properties" was developed. • Model simulation of MBR performance was evaluated for different filtration sizes. • Soluble fraction smaller than 2 nm was the main COD fraction in the influent COD. • 43 % of effluent COD still remained as slowly hydrolysable COD (S H) in the permeate. • Organics with sizes smaller than 2 nm resisted microbial action and biodegradation. This study evaluated the fate of chemical oxygen demand (COD) fractions of an organized industrial district effluent treated with pilot membrane bioreactor (MBR) system. A series of respirometric analyses were performed on raw wastewater together with 450 nm, 100 kDa and 1 kDa filtered samples obtained from particle size distribution (PSD) experiments. The PSD analysis revealed that more than 300 mg/L of the influent COD accumulated in the lowest size range (<2 nm), accounting for 49–52 % of the total COD. The bulk (64 %) of the influent COD consisted of soluble hydrolysable COD (S H1). The hydrolysis rates for S H1 (0.80–1.28 1/day) were slightly below the levels suggested for domestic wastewaters, indicating the presence of inhibitory compounds in industrial wastewaters. The COD removal efficiency of MBR pilot was found as 85 %; however, 43 % of effluent COD (106 mg/L) still included rapidly hydrolysable organics in the size bracket of 5–30 nm. In this respect, the COD fractions for activated sludge process models used for MBR applications require a new-insight to correctly reflect organic matter balances in the treatment system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper focuses on the concentrations of heavy metals (Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Mn, Ni, Pb and Zn) in 20 dust samples collected from the streets of the Organized Industrial District in Sakarya, Turkey using sequential extraction procedure were determined by ICP-OES. The three-step BCR sequential extraction procedure was used in order to evaluate mobility, availability and persistence of heavy elements in street dust samples. Three operationally defined fractions isolated using the BCR procedure was: acid extractable, reducible, and oxidizable. The mobility sequence based on the sum of the BCR sequential extraction stages: Cd (82.3%) > Mn (80.0%) > Zn (78.8%) > Cu (70.2%) > Ni (65.9%) > Pb (63.8%) > Cr (47.3%) > Co (32.6%). Validation of the analytical results was checked by analysis of the BCR-701 certified reference material. The concentrations of metals in the street dust samples have been shown a decrease after the each extraction stage.

Air pollutant matters originated from industrial plants have an importance both quantity and quality characteristics. In addition the factors such as being in the proximity of the settled area of industrial plants, being sited together of factories at organized industrial district have generated negative effects on the quality of air. Thence the industrial air pollutant sources must be investigated carefully for solving of air pollution problem. Numerous industrial plants especially textile industry plants are taken places in Denizli Organized Industrial Region. In this study the data of fuel consumption and EPA AP42 emission factors have been used for the purpose of calculation of emissions by using coal and natural gas in the industrial plants in Denizli Organized Industrial Region and the emission inventory has been prepared. The emissions of 12.100.2 for particulate matter, 3.953.5 for sulfur oxides, 6.0 for non-methane volatile organic compounds, 750.4 for nitrogen oxides and 0.99 for nitrous oxides have been calculated as tons/year in Denizli Organized Industrial Region in 2012. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, a combination of chemical precipitation, neutralization and ion exchange processes for an Organized Industrial District (OID) wastewater reclamation for reuse in agriculture was investigated. The parameters analyzed after treatment stages are agricultural irrigation standards. Optimum removal efficiencies for SS, COD, and fecal coliform bacteria were obtained as 96%, 31%, and 87%, respectively, when the pH value was adjusted to 11 in the chemical precipitation process. The average removal efficiency obtained for conductivity parameter was 90%, and the removal efficiencies for Due to image rights restrictions, multiple line equation(s) cannot be graphically displayed. and Cl- were 71% and 96%, respectively, when the resin with 20 mL H-type/ 20 mL OH-type ratio was used in the ion exchange process. As a result of the study, the quality of the water treated by using chemical precipitation and ion exchange processes was enough to be reused in agriculture. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: The concentrations of metals (Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Mn, Ni, Pb and Zn) in 29 dust samples collected from the streets of the Organized Industrial District (OID) in Kayseri (Turkey) were determined by flame atomic absorption spectrometry (FAAS). The modified three-step BCR sequential extraction procedure was used in order to evaluate mobility, availability and persistence of trace elements in street dust samples. Multivariate statistical analysis was applied to the obtained data. Three operationally defined fractions isolated using the BCR procedure were: acid extractable, reducible, and oxidizable. The mobility sequence based on the sum of the BCR sequential extraction stages was: Cd (93.3%)>Zn (83.8%)>Pb (77.2%)>Co (75.9%)>Mn (73.0%)>Ni (60.1%)>Cu (59.0%)>Cr (58.6%). Correlation analysis, principal component analysis (PCA) and cluster analysis (CA) were applied to the data matrix to evaluate the analytical results and to identify the possible pollution sources of metals. PCA revealed that the sampling area was mainly influenced from three sources, namely industrial, traffic and natural sources. Validation of the analytical results was checked by analysis of the BCR-701 certified reference material. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]