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1. Comparing Long-Acting Antipsychotic Discontinuation Rates Under Ordinary Clinical Circumstances: A Survival Analysis from an Observational, Pragmatic Study

Author

Bertolini, F., Ostuzzi, G., Pievani, M., Aguglia, A., Bartoli, F., Bortolaso, P., Callegari, C., Caroleo, M., Carra, G., Corbo, M., D'Agostino, A., De Fazio, P., Magliocco, F., Martinotti, G., Ostinelli, E. G., Piccinelli, M. P., Tedeschi, F., Barbui, C., Boschello, F., Gastaldon, C., Mazzi, M. A., Nose, M., Papola, D., Perini, G., Piccoli, A., Purgato, M., Ruggeri, M., Terlizzi, S., Turrini, G., Raffaele, G., Cavallotti, S., Chirico, M., Ferrato, F., Limosani, I., Mastromo, D., Monzani, E., Porcellana, M., Restaino, F., Annese, P. M., Bolognesi, S., Cerretini, M., De Capua, A., Debolini, S., Del Zanna, M., Fargnoli, F., Giannini, A., Luccarelli, L., Lucii, C., Pierantozzi, E., Tozzi, F., Bardicchia, F., Cardamone, G., Facchi, E., Magnani, N., Soscia, F., Biancosino, B., Zotos, S., Giacomin, M., Pompei, F., Spano, M., Zonta, F., Buzzi, A., Callegred, C., Calzolari, R., Caselli, I., Diurni, M., Giana, E., Ielmini, M., Milano, A., Poloni, N., Sani, E., Zizolfi, D., Alberini, G., Cazzamalli, S., Costantini, C., Di Caro, A., Paronelli, C., Piantanida, S., Piccinelli, M., Alessandro, P., Barbanti, S. V., D'Ippolito, C., Gozzi, M., Moretti, V., Campese, O., Di Capro, L., di Giannantonio, M., Fiori, F., Lorusso, M., Mancini, V., Viceconte, D., Calandra, C., Luca, M., Signorelli, M. S., Suraniti, F., Balzarro, B., Boncompagni, G., Caretto, V., Emiliani, R., Lupoli, P., Menchetti, M., Rossi, E., Storbini, V., Tarricone, I., Terzi, L., Boso, M., Catania, C., De Paoli, G., Risaro, P., Aspesi, F., Bava, M., Bono, A., Brambilla, G., Castagna, G., Lucchi, S., Nava, R., Provenzi, M., Tabacchi, T., Tremolada, M., Verrengia, E., Barchiesi, M., Oriani, M. G., Pacetti, M., Ferro, M., Ghio, L., Beneduce, R., Laffranchini, L., Magni, L. R., Rossi, G., Tura, G. B., Addeo, L., Balletta, G., De Vivo, E., Di Benedetto, R., Parise, V. F., Carpiniello, B., Pinna, F., Pecile, D., Mattei, C., Bonavigo, T., Fabrici, E. P., Panarello, S., Peresson, G., Vitucci, C., Gardellin, F., Strizzolo, S., Cossetta, E., Fizzotti, C., Moretti, D., Di Gregorio, L., Sozzi, F., Colli, G., La Barbera, D., Laurenzi, S., Bertolini, F, Ostuzzi, G, Pievani, M, Aguglia, A, Bartoli, F, Bortolaso, P, Callegari, C, Caroleo, M, Carra, G, Corbo, M, D'Agostino, A, De Fazio, P, Magliocco, F, Martinotti, G, Ostinelli, E, Piccinelli, M, Tedeschi, F, Barbui, C, Boschello, F, Gastaldon, C, Mazzi, M, Nose, M, Papola, D, Perini, G, Piccoli, A, Purgato, M, Ruggeri, M, Terlizzi, S, Turrini, G, Raffaele, G, Cavallotti, S, Chirico, M, Ferrato, F, Limosani, I, Mastromo, D, Monzani, E, Porcellana, M, Restaino, F, Annese, P, Bolognesi, S, Cerretini, M, De Capua, A, Debolini, S, Del Zanna, M, Fargnoli, F, Giannini, A, Luccarelli, L, Lucii, C, Pierantozzi, E, Tozzi, F, Bardicchia, F, Cardamone, G, Facchi, E, Magnani, N, Soscia, F, Biancosino, B, Zotos, S, Giacomin, M, Pompei, F, Spano, M, Zonta, F, Buzzi, A, Calzolari, R, Caselli, I, Diurni, M, Giana, E, Ielmini, M, Milano, A, Poloni, N, Sani, E, Zizolfi, D, Alberini, G, Cazzamalli, S, Costantini, C, Di Caro, A, Paronelli, C, Piantanida, S, Alessandro, P, Barbanti, S, D'Ippolito, C, Gozzi, M, Moretti, V, Campese, O, Di Capro, L, di Giannantonio, M, Fiori, F, Lorusso, M, Mancini, V, Viceconte, D, Calandra, C, Luca, M, Signorelli, M, Suraniti, F, Balzarro, B, Boncompagni, G, Caretto, V, Emiliani, R, Lupoli, P, Menchetti, M, Rossi, E, Storbini, V, Tarricone, I, Terzi, L, Boso, M, Catania, C, De Paoli, G, Risaro, P, Aspesi, F, Bava, M, Bono, A, Brambilla, G, Castagna, G, Lucchi, S, Nava, R, Provenzi, M, Tabacchi, T, Tremolada, M, Verrengia, E, Barchiesi, M, Oriani, M, Pacetti, M, Ferro, M, Ghio, L, Beneduce, R, Laffranchini, L, Magni, L, Rossi, G, Tura, G, Addeo, L, Balletta, G, De Vivo, E, Di Benedetto, R, Parise, V, Carpiniello, B, Pinna, F, Pecile, D, Mattei, C, Bonavigo, T, Fabrici, E, Panarello, S, Peresson, G, Vitucci, C, Gardellin, F, Strizzolo, S, Cossetta, E, Fizzotti, C, Moretti, D, Di Gregorio, L, Sozzi, F, Colli, G, La Barbera, D, Laurenzi, S, Bertolini F., Ostuzzi G., Pievani M., Aguglia A., Bartoli F., Bortolaso P., Callegari C., Caroleo M., Carra G., Corbo M., D'Agostino A., De Fazio P., Magliocco F., Martinotti G., Ostinelli E.G., Piccinelli M.P., Tedeschi F., Barbui C., Boschello F., Gastaldon C., Mazzi M.A., Nose M., Papola D., Perini G., Piccoli A., Purgato M., Ruggeri M., Terlizzi S., Turrini G., Raffaele G., Cavallotti S., Chirico M., Ferrato F., Limosani I., Mastromo D., Monzani E., Porcellana M., Restaino F., Annese P.M., Bolognesi S., Cerretini M., De Capua A., Debolini S., Del Zanna M., Fargnoli F., Giannini A., Luccarelli L., Lucii C., Pierantozzi E., Tozzi F., Bardicchia F., Cardamone G., Facchi E., Magnani N., Soscia F., Biancosino B., Zotos S., Giacomin M., Pompei F., Spano M., Zonta F., Buzzi A., Callegred C., Calzolari R., Caselli I., Diurni M., Giana E., Ielmini M., Milano A., Poloni N., Sani E., Zizolfi D., Alberini G., Cazzamalli S., Costantini C., Di Caro A., Paronelli C., Piantanida S., Piccinelli M., Alessandro P., Barbanti S.V., D'Ippolito C., Gozzi M., Moretti V., Campese O., Di Capro L., di Giannantonio M., Fiori F., Lorusso M., Mancini V., Viceconte D., Calandra C., Luca M., Signorelli M.S., Suraniti F., Balzarro B., Boncompagni G., Caretto V., Emiliani R., Lupoli P., Menchetti M., Rossi E., Storbini V., Tarricone I., Terzi L., Boso M., Catania C., De Paoli G., Risaro P., Aspesi F., Bava M., Bono A., Brambilla G., Castagna G., Lucchi S., Nava R., Provenzi M., Tabacchi T., Tremolada M., Verrengia E., Barchiesi M., Oriani M.G., Pacetti M., Ferro M., Ghio L., Beneduce R., Laffranchini L., Magni L.R., Rossi G., Tura G.B., Addeo L., Balletta G., De Vivo E., Di Benedetto R., Parise V.F., Carpiniello B., Pinna F., Pecile D., Mattei C., Bonavigo T., Fabrici E.P., Panarello S., Peresson G., Vitucci C., Gardellin F., Strizzolo S., Cossetta E., Fizzotti C., Moretti D., Di Gregorio L., Sozzi F., Colli G., La Barbera D., and Laurenzi S.

Subjects
Male, Pediatrics, respectively), 0302 clinical medicine, Delayed-Action Preparation, Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale, Pharmacology (medical), he STAR Network ‘Depot Study’ prospectively followed 394 subjects initiating treatment with long-acting injections (LAIs) of antipsychotics under naturalistic conditions for 12 months. LAI discontinuation was frequent in everyday clinical practice in Italy, Original Research Article, Prospective Studies, Prospective cohort study, treatment, Mental Disorders, Hazard ratio, whereas more than half of participants initiating risperidone LAI and olanzapine LAI discontinued during the 12 months of follow-up (51.4 and 62.5%, Psychiatric Status Rating Scale, Middle Aged, side efects, Psychiatry and Mental health, Italy, Mental Disorder, Female, he STAR Network ‘Depot Study’ prospectively followed 394 subjects initiating treatment with long-acting injections (LAIs) of antipsychotics under naturalistic conditions for 12 months. LAI discontinuation was frequent in everyday clinical practice in Italy, occurring in almost 40% of the entire sample, side efects, participant refusal to continue LAIs and LAIs no longer being required were the most frequently reported reasons for discontinuation. Paliperidone LAI and aripiprazole LAI were the least discontinued medications (33.9 and 35.4%, respectively), whereas more than half of participants initiating risperidone LAI and olanzapine LAI discontinued during the 12 months of follow-up (51.4 and 62.5%, respectively). In multivariate analysis, being prescribed olanzapine LAI and poor medication adherence at baseline were signifcantly associated with higher discontinuation risk, Human, Antipsychotic Agents, medicine.drug, Psychopathology, Adult, medicine.medical_specialty, Discontinuation, Follow-Up Studie, Medication Adherence, 03 medical and health sciences, medicine, Humans, Paliperidone, Adverse effect, Settore MED/25 - Psichiatria, discontinuation rates, Psychiatric Status Rating Scales, respectively). In multivariate analysis, business.industry, Long-Acting Antipsychotic, long-acting injectable antipsychotics, Survival Analysis, Confidence interval, participant refusal to continue LAIs and LAIs no longer being required were the most frequently reported reasons for discontinuation. Paliperidone LAI and aripiprazole LAI were the least discontinued medications (33.9 and 35.4%, 030227 psychiatry, Prospective Studie, Antipsychotic Agent, occurring in almost 40% of the entire sample, Delayed-Action Preparations, Neurology (clinical), business, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, being prescribed olanzapine LAI and poor medication adherence at baseline were signifcantly associated with higher discontinuation risk, Follow-Up Studies
Abstract

Background Recent guidelines suggested a wider use of long-acting injectable antipsychotics (LAI) than previously, but naturalistic data on the consequences of LAI use in terms of discontinuation rates and associated factors are still sparse, making it hard for clinicians to be informed on plausible treatment courses. Objective Our objective was to assess, under real-world clinical circumstances, LAI discontinuation rates over a period of 12 months after a first prescription, reasons for discontinuation, and associated factors. Methods The STAR Network ‘Depot Study’ was a naturalistic, multicentre, observational prospective study that enrolled subjects initiating a LAI without restrictions on diagnosis, clinical severity or setting. Participants from 32 Italian centres were assessed at baseline and at 6 and 12 months of follow-up. Psychopathology, drug attitude and treatment adherence were measured using the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale, the Drug Attitude Inventory and the Kemp scale, respectively. Results The study followed 394 participants for 12 months. The overall discontinuation rate at 12 months was 39.3% (95% confidence interval [CI] 34.4–44.3), with paliperidone LAI being the least discontinued LAI (33.9%; 95% CI 25.3–43.5) and olanzapine LAI the most discontinued (62.5%; 95% CI 35.4–84.8). The most frequent reason for discontinuation was onset of adverse events (32.9%; 95% CI 25.6–40.9) followed by participant refusal of the medication (20.6%; 95% CI 14.6–27.9). Medication adherence at baseline was negatively associated with discontinuation risk (hazard ratio [HR] 0.853; 95% CI 0.742–0.981; p = 0.026), whereas being prescribed olanzapine LAI was associated with increased discontinuation risk compared with being prescribed paliperidone LAI (HR 2.156; 95% CI 1.003–4.634; p = 0.049). Conclusions Clinicians should be aware that LAI discontinuation is a frequent occurrence. LAI choice should be carefully discussed with the patient, taking into account individual characteristics and possible obstacles related to the practicalities of each formulation. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s40263-021-00809-w.

Published
2021

3. Factors associated with first- versus second-generation long-acting antipsychotics prescribed under ordinary clinical practice in Italy

Author

Ostuzzi, G., Mazzi, M. A., Terlizzi, S., Bertolini, F., Aguglia, A., Bartoli, F., Bortolaso, P., Callegari, C., Caroleo, M., Carrà, G., Corbo, M., D'Agostino, A., Gastaldon, C., Lucii, C., Magliocco, F., Martinotti, G., Nosé, M., Ostinelli, E. G., Papola, D., Piccinelli, M. P., Piccoli, A., Purgato, M., Tabacchi, T., Turrini, G., Ruggeri, M., Barbui, C., De Fazio, P., Raffaele, G., Chirico, M., Cavallotti, S., Bolognesi, S., Debolini, S., Pierantozzi, E., Fargnoli, F., Del Zanna, M., Giannini, A., Luccarelli, L., De Capua, A., Annese, P. M., Cerretini, M., Tozzi, F. E., Magnani, N., Cardamone, G., Bardicchia, F., Facchi, E., Soscia, F., Zotos, S., Biancosino, B., Zonta, F., Pompei, F., Zizolfi, D., Poloni, N., Ielmini, M., Caselli, I., Giana, E., Buzzi, A., Diurni, M., Milano, A., Sani, E., Calzolari, Roberta, Cazzamalli, S., Alberini, Gabrio, Piantanida, Silvia, Costantini, C., Paronelli, Chiara, Di Caro, A., Moretti, V., Gozzi, M., D'Ippolito, C., Barbanti, S. V., Alessandro, P., Campese, O., Fiori, F., Lorusso, M., Di Capro, L., Viceconte, D., Mancini, V., Suraniti, F., Signorelli, M. S., Rossi, E., Lupoli, P., Menchetti, M., Terzi, L., Boso, M., Risaro, P., De Paoli, G., Catania, C., Tarricone, I., Caretto, V., Storbini, V., Emiliani, R., Balzarro, B., Nava, R., Bono, A., Provenzi, M., Brambilla, G., Aspesi, F., Tremolada, M., Castagna, G., Bava, M., Verrengia, E., Lucchi, S., Oriani, M. G., Barchiesi, M., Pacetti, M., Magni, L. R., Rossi, G., Beneduce, R., Tura, G. B., Laffranchini, L., Mastromo, D., Ferrato, F., Restaino, F., Monzani, E., Porcellana, M., Limosani, I., Ghio, L., Ferro, M., Parise, V. F., Balletta, G., Addeo, L., De Vivo, E., Benedetto, R. D., Pinna, F., Carpiniello, B., Spano, M., Giacomin, M., Pecile, D., Mattei, C., Fabrici, E. P., Panarello, S., Peresson, G., Vitucci, C., Bonavigo, T., Perini, G., Boschello, F., Strizzolo, S., Gardellin, F., Di Giannantonio, M., Moretti, D., Fizzotti, C., Cossetta, E., Gregorio, L. D., Sozzi, F., Boncompagni, G., Barbera, D. L., Colli, G., Laurenzi, S., Calandra, C., Luca, M., Ostuzzi, Giovanni, Mazzi, Maria Angela, Terlizzi, Samira, Bertolini, Federico, Aguglia, Andrea, Bartoli, Francesco, Bortolaso, Paola, Callegari, Camilla, Caroleo, Mariarita, Carrà, Giuseppe, Corbo, Mariangela, D'Agostino, Armando, Gastaldon, Chiara, Lucii, Claudio, Magliocco, Fabio, Martinotti, Giovanni, Nosé, Michela, Ostinelli, Edoardo Giuseppe, Papola, Davide, Piccinelli, Marco Piero, Piccoli, Alberto, Purgato, Marianna, Tabacchi, Tommaso, Turrini, Giulia, Ruggeri, Mirella, Barbui, Corrado, De Fazio, Pasquale, Raffaele, Gaetano, Chirico, Margherita, Cavallotti, Simone, Bolognesi, Simone, Debolini, Sara, Pierantozzi, Elisa, Fargnoli, Francesco, Del Zanna, Maria, Giannini, Alessandra, Luccarelli, Livia, De Capua, Alberto, Annese, Pasqua Maria, Cerretini, Massimiliano, Tozzi, Fior-Ella, Magnani, Nadia, Cardamone, Giuseppe, Bardicchia, Francesco, Facchi, Edvige, Soscia, Federica, Zotos, Spyridon, Biancosino, Bruno, Zonta, Filippo, Pompei, Francesco, Zizolfi, Daniele, Poloni, Nicola, Ielmini, Marta, Caselli, Ivano, Giana, Edoardo, Buzzi, Aldo, Diurni, Marcello, Milano, Anna, Sani, Emanuele, Calzolari, Roberta, Piccinelli, Marco, Cazzamalli, Sara, Alberini, Gabrio, Piantanida, Silvia, Costantini, Chiara, Paronelli, Chiara, Di Caro, Angela, Moretti, Valentina, Gozzi, Mauro, D'Ippolito, Chiara, Barbanti, Silva Veronica, Alessandro, Papalini, Campese, Ornella, Fiori, Federica, Lorusso, Marco, Di Capro, Lucia, Viceconte, Daniela, Mancini, Valerio, Suraniti, Francesco, Signorelli, Maria Salvina, Rossi, Eugenio, Lupoli, Pasqualino, Menchetti, Marco, Terzi, Laura, Boso, Marianna, Risaro, Paolo, De Paoli, Giuseppe, Catania, Cristina, Tarricone, Ilaria, Caretto, Valentina, Storbini, Viviana, Emiliani, Roberta, Balzarro, Beatrice, Nava, Roberto, Bono, Adele, Provenzi, Milena, Brambilla, Giulia, Aspesi, Flora, Tremolada, Martina, Castagna, Gloria, Bava, Mattia, Verrengia, Enrica, Lucchi, Sara, Oriani, Maria Ginevra, Barchiesi, Michela, Pacetti, Monica, Magni, Laura Rosa, Rossi, Giuseppe, Beneduce, Rossella, Tura, Giovanni Battista, Laffranchini, Laura, Mastromo, Daniele, Ferrato, Farida, Restaino, Francesco, Monzani, Emiliano, Porcellana, Matteo, Limosani, Ivan, Ghio, Lucio, Ferro, Maurizio, Parise, Vincenzo Fricchione, Balletta, Giovanni, Addeo, Lelio, De Vivo, Elisa, Benedetto, Rossella Di, Pinna, Federica, Carpiniello, Bernardo, Spano, Mariangela, Giacomin, Marzio, Pecile, Damiano, Mattei, Chiara, Fabrici, Elisabetta Pascolo, Panarello, Sofia, Peresson, Giulia, Vitucci, Claudio, Bonavigo, Tommaso, Perini, Giovanni, Boschello, Filippo, Strizzolo, Stefania, Gardellin, Francesco, Di Giannantonio, Massimo, Moretti, Daniele, Fizzotti, Carlo, Cossetta, Edoardo, Gregorio, Luana Di, Sozzi, Francesca, Boncompagni, Giancarlo, Barbera, Daniele La, Colli, Giuseppe, Laurenzi, Sabrina, Calandra, Carmela, Luca, Maria, Ostuzzi, G, Mazzi, M, Terlizzi, S, Bertolini, F, Aguglia, A, Bartoli, F, Bortolaso, P, Callegari, C, Caroleo, M, Carrà, G, Corbo, M, D'Agostino, A, Gastaldon, C, Lucii, C, Magliocco, F, Martinotti, G, Nosé, M, Ostinelli, E, Papola, D, Piccinelli, M, Piccoli, A, Purgato, M, Tabacchi, T, Turrini, G, Ruggeri, M, Barbui, C, De Fazio, P, Raffaele, G, Chirico, M, Cavallotti, S, Bolognesi, S, Debolini, S, Pierantozzi, E, Fargnoli, F, Del Zanna, M, Giannini, A, Luccarelli, L, De Capua, A, Annese, P, Cerretini, M, Tozzi, F, Magnani, N, Cardamone, G, Bardicchia, F, Facchi, E, Soscia, F, Zotos, S, Biancosino, B, Zonta, F, Pompei, F, Zizolfi, D, Poloni, N, Ielmini, M, Caselli, I, Giana, E, Buzzi, A, Diurni, M, Milano, A, Sani, E, Calzolari, R, Cazzamalli, S, Alberini, G, Piantanida, S, Costantini, C, Paronelli, C, Di Caro, A, Moretti, V, Gozzi, M, D'Ippolito, C, Barbanti, S, Alessandro, P, Campese, O, Fiori, F, Lorusso, M, Di Capro, L, Viceconte, D, Mancini, V, Suraniti, F, Signorelli, M, Rossi, E, Lupoli, P, Menchetti, M, Terzi, L, Boso, M, Risaro, P, De Paoli, G, Catania, C, Tarricone, I, Caretto, V, Storbini, V, Emiliani, R, Balzarro, B, Nava, R, Bono, A, Provenzi, M, Brambilla, G, Aspesi, F, Tremolada, M, Castagna, G, Bava, M, Verrengia, E, Lucchi, S, Oriani, M, Barchiesi, M, Pacetti, M, Magni, L, Rossi, G, Beneduce, R, Tura, G, Laffranchini, L, Mastromo, D, Ferrato, F, Restaino, F, Monzani, E, Porcellana, M, Limosani, I, Ghio, L, Ferro, M, Parise, V, Balletta, G, Addeo, L, De Vivo, E, Benedetto, R, Pinna, F, Carpiniello, B, Spano, M, Giacomin, M, Pecile, D, Mattei, C, Fabrici, E, Panarello, S, Peresson, G, Vitucci, C, Bonavigo, T, Perini, G, Boschello, F, Strizzolo, S, Gardellin, F, Di Giannantonio, M, Moretti, D, Fizzotti, C, Cossetta, E, Gregorio, L, Sozzi, F, Boncompagni, G, Barbera, D, Colli, G, Laurenzi, S, Calandra, C, and Luca, M

Subjects
Genetics and Molecular Biology (all), Male, Pediatrics, European People, Bipolar Disorder, Cross-sectional study, Economics, Epidemiology, medicine.medical_treatment, assessment, viruses, lcsh:Medicine, Social Sciences, Longitudinal Studie, Biochemistry, Prescription, Geographical locations, 0302 clinical medicine, Mathematical and Statistical Techniques, Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (all), Agricultural and Biological Sciences (all), immune system diseases, Medicine and Health Sciences, long-acting intramuscular (LAI) antipsychotics, clinical practice, second-generation antipsychotic (SGA) LAIs, Antipsychotics, Ethnicities, Longitudinal Studies, lcsh:Science, Multidisciplinary, virus diseases, Drugs, Middle Aged, Italian People, Europe, Prescriptions, Italy, Physical Sciences, Aripiprazole, Female, Bivariate Analysis, Statistics (Mathematics), medicine.drug, Human, Research Article, Antipsychotic Agents, Employment, Adult, medicine.medical_specialty, Adolescent, Research and Analysis Methods, 03 medical and health sciences, Mental Health and Psychiatry, medicine, Humans, Paliperidone, Bipolar disorder, European Union, Statistical Methods, Antipsychotic, Cross-Sectional Studie, Pharmacology, Risperidone, business.industry, Mood Disorders, lcsh:R, medicine.disease, 030227 psychiatry, Antipsychotic Agent, Cross-Sectional Studies, Labor Economics, Multivariate Analysis, Schizophrenia, Observational study, lcsh:Q, Population Groupings, People and places, business, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Mathematics
Abstract

Background For many years, long-acting intramuscular (LAI) antipsychotics have been prescribed predominantly to chronic and severe patients, as a last resort when other treatments failed. Recently, a broader and earlier use of LAIs, particularly second-generation LAIs, has been emphasized. To date, few studies attempted to frame how this change in prescribing took place in real-world practice. Therefore, this study aimed to describe the clinical features of patients prescribed with LAIs, and to explore possible prescribing differences between first- and second-generations LAIs under ordinary clinical practice in Italy. Methods The STAR Network "Depot" Study is an observational, longitudinal, multicenter study involving 35 centers in Italy. In the cross-sectional phase, patients prescribed with LAIs were consecutively recruited and assessed over a period of 12 months. Descriptive statistics and multivariable logistic regression analyses were employed. Results Of the 451 recruited patients, 61% were males. The level of social and working functioning was heterogeneous, as was the severity of disease. Seventy-two per cent of the patients had a diagnosis of the schizophrenia spectrum. Seventy per cent were prescribed with second-generation antipsychotic (SGA) LAIs (mostly paliperidone, aripiprazole and risperidone). Compared to first-generation antipsychotic (FGA) LAIs, patients prescribed with SGA LAIs were more often younger; employed; with a diagnosis of the schizophrenia spectrum or bipolar disorder; with higher levels of affective symptoms; with fewer LAI prescriptions in the past. Discussion LAIs' prescribing practices appear to be more flexible as compared to the past, although this change is mostly restricted to SGA LAIs.

Published
2018

5. Towards Converged Adjoint State For Large Industrial Cases By Improving The Discretization Schemes

Author

Oriani, M. and Pierrot, G.

Subjects
Physics::Fluid Dynamics, time-dependent, Discrete unsteady adjoint, turbomachinery
Abstract

This paper presents a general framework to derive an unsteady discrete adjoint method as part of a gradient-based aerodynamic shape optimization process. The method calculates the gradient of an objective function w.r.t. the design variables of the aerodynamic shape. The formulation of the adjoint equations is introduced within a generic time-dependent optimal design problem. Results are shown that demonstrate the solution of the unsteady adjoint equations for a representative row of nozzle guide vanes of a high pressure turbine.

Published
2014
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6. Alleviating Adjoint Solver Robustness Issues Via Mimetic Cfd Discretization Schemes

Author

Oriani, M. and Pierrot, G.

Subjects
Mixed Finite Volumes, Convection-Diffusion-Reaction, Mimetic Finite Differences, Anisotropic Diffusion, Adjoint, Virtual Element Methods, Gradient-Based Optimization
Abstract

Adjoint methods allow to compute the gradient of a cost function at an expense that is independent of the number of design variables, thus representing an appealing tool to those who deal with large-scale gradient-based optimization processes. However, researchers in the field are currently facing difficulties related to poor convergence and high storage memory requirements. Both continuous and discrete adjoints require a fully converged solution to the primal problem. It is argued that, specifically in Computational Fluid Dynamics, the presence of numerical adjustments (e.g. non-orthogonal correctors) and segregated solution algorithms yields a solution that, while acceptable as a mere aerodynamics study, is not accurate enough to produce a robust adjoint system. In the past decade some new PDE discretization schemes have emerged aiming to remove some constraints imposed by classical finite volumes. The main goal is to allow for more freedom in both the physical model (e.g. strong anisotropy in a material property) and its corresponding numerical model (e.g. the possibility to use polyhedral meshes with strongly non-orthogonal and/or non-convex cells), while improving solution accuracy and convergence properties at the same time. One of such new schemes is known as Mimetic Finite Differences; the present work introduces a specific implementation of it and extends the scheme to cater for convection-diffusion reaction problems. Preliminary numerical results are also included.

Published
2014
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8. COVID-19 pandemic and eating disorders: What impact on specific and general psychopathology?

Author

Barone, E., Marciello, F., Cascino, G., Abbate-Daga, G., Anselmetti, S., Baiano, M., Balestrieri, M., Bertelli, S., Carpiniello, B., Castellini, G., Corrivetti, G., De Giorgi, S., Favaro, A., Gramaglia, C., Marzola, E., Monaco, F., Oriani, M. G., Federica, P., Rania, M., and Renna, C.

Subjects
BULIMIA, EATING disorders, COVID-19 pandemic, BINGE-eating disorder, COVID-19, ANOREXIA nervosa
Abstract

Introduction: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic and the resulting containment measures, such as "lockdown" and "social distancing", have had important consequences on people's mental and physical health. Objectives: We aimed to study the effect of social isolation and subsequent re-exposure and eventual changes in general and ED-specific psychopathology in people with Eating Disorders (EDs). Methods: Three-hundred twelve Italian people with EDs (179 Anorexia Nervosa, 83 Bulimia Nervosa, 48 Binge Eating Disorder and 22 Other Specific Feeding Eating Disorder) were asked to fill-in an online survey to explore several dimensions such as: anxiety, depression, panic, insomnia, suicide ideation, stress, post-traumatic stress and obsessive-compulsive symptoms. Differences in ED specific and general symptoms among the 3 investigated time periods (before, during and after the end of lockdown) were assessed with a one-way ANOVA with repeated measures. Subsequently, ED diagnosis was introduced as covariate in the analysis in order to investigate the possible contribution on psychopathological changes. Results: ED core symptoms increased during the lockdown but most of them returned to pre-COVID19 levels at re-opening. The severity of general psychopathology also increased during the lockdown and persisted high in the following phase, except for depression and suicide ideation. None of this symptoms was affected by ED diagnosis, participants'age and illness duration. Conclusions: People with EDs showed worsening of both general and specific psychopathology; moreover, changes in general psychopathology persisted in the re-opening period suggesting a higher stress vulnerability in this kind of patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2021
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9. ADC maps in the prediction of pelvic lymph nodal metastatic regions in endometrial cancer.

Author

Rechichi G, Galimberti S, Oriani M, Perego P, Valsecchi MG, Sironi S, Rechichi, Gilda, Galimberti, Stefania, Oriani, Matteo, Perego, Patrizia, Valsecchi, Maria Grazia, and Sironi, Sandro

Abstract

Objectives: To evaluate the usefulness of apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) in discriminating metastatic from non-metastatic pelvic lymph nodal sites in endometrial cancer.Materials and Methods: This retrospective study included 40 patients with endometrial cancer who underwent MRI [T2-weighted, dynamic T1-weighted images and diffusion-weighted images with body background suppression (DWIBS), b-values 0 and 1,000 s/mm(2)], total hysterectomy and pelvic lymphadenectomy. Lymph nodes identifiable on DWIBS were evaluated, classified into six nodal regions, and for each node ADC values, short- and long-axis diameters were measured by two readers. Histopathological findings and follow-up information served as the reference standard.Results: Average (± standard deviation) mean and minimum ADC region value (0.87 ± 0.15 and 0.74 ± 0.07 × 10(-3) mm(2)/s) of metastatic sites (n = 7) were significantly lower than those of non-metastatic ones (n = 89; 1.07 ± 0.20 and 1.02 ± 0.20; p-value = 0.010 and 0.0004). Mean short-axis and short-to-long axis ratios of metastatic nodes were 7.47 mm and 0.68. Using the minimum ADC region value with threshold 0.807 × 10(-3) mm(2)/s, sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive value and accuracy were 100 %, 98.3 %, 63.6 %, 100 % and 98.3 %, respectively (reader 1).Conclusion: In endometrial cancer, mean and minimum ADC region values of metastatic nodal sites are significantly lower than those found at normal sites. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2013
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10. An electronic memory aid to support prospective memory in patients in the early stages of Alzheimer's disease:a pilot study.

Author

Oriani, M., Moniz-Cook, E., Binetti, G., Zanieri, G., Frisoni, G.B., Geroldi, C., de Vreese, L.P., and Zanetti, O.

Subjects
MEMORY in old age, ALZHEIMER'S patients
Abstract

Examines the use of an electronic memory aid (EMA) for patients with mild-to-moderate probably Alzheimer's disease. Improvement in patients' prospective memory following the use of an EMA; Lack of improvement in memory in the written list and free recall tasks.

Published
2003
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11. What do Italian healthcare professionals think about orthorexia nervosa? Results from a multicenter survey

Author

Carla Gramaglia, Eleonora Gattoni, Daniela Ferrante, Giovanni Abbate-Daga, Erika Baldissera, Simona Calugi, Giammarco Cascino, Giovanni Castellini, Enrico Collantoni, Angela Favaro, Enrica Marzola, Alessio Maria Monteleone, Palmiero Monteleone, Maria Ginevra Oriani, Caterina Renna, Valdo Ricca, Pierandrea Salvo, Paolo Santonastaso, Cristina Segura-Garcia, Umberto Volpe, Patrizia Zeppegno, Gramaglia, C., Gattoni, E., Ferrante, D., Abbate-Daga, G., Baldissera, E., Calugi, S., Cascino, G., Castellini, G., Collantoni, E., Favaro, A., Marzola, E., Monteleone, A. M., Monteleone, P., Oriani, M. G., Renna, C., Ricca, V., Salvo, P., Santonastaso, P., Segura-Garcia, C., Volpe, U., and Zeppegno, P.

Subjects
Orthorexia, Health Personnel, Classification, Diagnosis, Eating disorders, Health professionals, Cohort Studies, Humans, Italy, Obsessive Behavior, Surveys and Questionnaires, Feeding and Eating Disorders, Orthorexia Nervosa, Eating disorder, Health professional, Psychiatry and Mental health, Clinical Psychology, Original Article, Diagnosi
Abstract

Purpose Orthorexia nervosa (ON) is an obsession for healthy and proper nutrition. Diagnostic criteria for ON are lacking and the psychopathology of ON is still a matter of debate in the clinical and scientific community. Our aim was to better understand the Italian clinical and scientific community’s opinion about ON. Methods Anonymous online survey for Italian healthcare professionals, implemented with the REDCap platform and spread through a multicenter collaboration. Information was gathered about socio-demographic, educational and occupational features, as well as about experience in the diagnosis and treatment of EDs. The main part of the survey focused on ON and its features, classification and sociocultural correlates. Results The survey was completed by 343 participants. Most responders (68.2%) considered ON as a variant of Eating Disorders (EDs), and 58.6% a possible prodromal phase or evolution of Anorexia Nervosa (AN). Most participants (68.5%) thought the next DSM should include a specific diagnostic category for ON, preferably in the EDs macro-category (82.1%). Moreover, 77.3% of responders thought that ON deserves more attention on behalf of researchers and clinicians, and that its treatment should be similar to that for EDs (60.9%). Participants thinking that ON should have its own diagnostic category in the next DSM edition had greater odds of being younger (p = 0.004) and of considering ON a prodromic phase of another ED, such as AN (p = 0.039). Discussion Our survey suggests that the scientific community still seems split between those who consider ON as a separate disorder and those who do not. More research is still needed to better understand the construct of ON and its relationship with EDs; disadvantages and advantages of giving ON its own diagnosis should be balanced. Level of evidence V (descriptive cohort study). Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s40519-021-01336-9.

Published
2022

12. The impact of COVID-19 lockdown and of the following 're-opening' period on specific and general psychopathology in people with Eating Disorders: the emergent role of internalizing symptoms

Author

Eugenia Barone, Simona Anselmetti, Bernardo Carpiniello, Giovanni Abbate-Daga, Marianna Rania, Patrizia Todisco, Carla Gramaglia, Maria Ginevra Oriani, Angela Favaro, Francesco Monaco, Alessio Maria Monteleone, Francesca Marciello, Palmiero Monteleone, Pierandrea Salvo, Fabiana Scarabel, Enrica Marzola, Cristina Segura-Garcia, Paolo Meneguzzo, Giovanni Castellini, Giammarco Cascino, Patrizia Zeppegno, M. Baiano, Valdo Ricca, Giulio Corrivetti, Umberto Volpe, Sara Bertelli, Caterina Renna, Serafino De Giorgi, Federica Pinna, Matteo Balestrieri, Monteleone, A. M., Marciello, F., Cascino, G., ABBATE-DAGA, G., Anselmetti, S., Baiano, M., Balestrieri, M., Barone, E., Bertelli, S., Carpiniello, B., Castellini, G., Corrivetti, G., DE GIORGI, S., Favaro, A., Gramaglia, C., Marzola, E., Meneguzzo, P., Monaco, F., Oriani, M. G., Pinna, F., Rania, M., Renna, C., Ricca, V., Salvo, P., SEGURA-GARCIA, C., Scarabel, F., Todisco, P., Volpe, U., Zeppegno, P., and Monteleone, P.

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, Confinement, COVID-19, Eating disorders, Psychopathology, Social exposure, Stress, Feeding and Eating Disorders, Binge-eating disorder, medicine, Humans, Psychiatry, Retrospective Studies, business.industry, Bulimia nervosa, SARS-CoV-2, Eating disorder, Repeated measures design, Retrospective cohort study, medicine.disease, Psychiatry and Mental health, Clinical Psychology, Anorexia nervosa (differential diagnoses), Communicable Disease Control, Analysis of variance, business
Abstract

Background We assessed the impact of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic on specific Eating Disorder (ED) and general psychopathology in people with an ED diagnosis during the lockdown period and after the end of the related containment measures. Methods People with clinically defined diagnosis and undergoing treatment for an ED completed an online survey, which included adapted questions from standardized psychometric scales. Data relative to three different time periods (before, during and after the end of lockdown) were collected. Psychopathological changes over these periods were investigated and compared through one-way analysis of variance or covariance with repeated measures. Results Three hundred twelve people completed the survey (57.4% diagnosed with Anorexia Nervosa (AN) or atypical AN, 20.2% with Bulimia Nervosa, 15.4% with Binge Eating Disorder, 7.05% with Other Specified Feeding or Eating Disorders). The severity of both specific and general psychopathology increased during the lockdown and the rise of general symptoms persisted in the following re-opening phase, except for suicide ideation. Almost all of these findings were not affected by ED diagnosis, participants’ age and illness duration. Limitations The retrospective nature of data collection is the main limitation of the study. Conclusions People with EDs showed a COVID-19 emergency-induced worsening of both general and specific psychopathology. The effect on general psychopathology persisted in the re-opening period. These findings suggest a high stress vulnerability of ED individuals with important effects on internalizing symptoms, which are worth of attention by clinicians.

Published
2021

13. Risk and resilience factors for specific and general psychopathology worsening in people with Eating Disorders during COVID-19 pandemic: a retrospective Italian multicentre study

Author

Giovanni Castellini, Patrizia Zeppegno, Umberto Volpe, Cristina Segura-Garcia, Enrica Marzola, Pierandrea Salvo, Erika Baldissera, Caterina Renna, Sara Bertelli, Valdo Ricca, Carla Gramaglia, Bernardo Carpiniello, Francesco Monaco, Patrizia Todisco, Angela Favaro, Palmiero Monteleone, Marianna Rania, Alessio Maria Monteleone, Giammarco Cascino, Paolo Meneguzzo, Matteo Balestrieri, M. Baiano, Serafino De Giorgi, Eugenia Barone, Giulio Corrivetti, Federica Pinna, Carolina Alberta Redaelli, Francesca Marciello, Maria Ginevra Oriani, Giovanni Abbate-Daga, Monteleone, A. M., Cascino, G., Marciello, F., Abbate-Daga, G., Baiano, M., Balestrieri, M., Barone, E., Bertelli, S., Carpiniello, B., Castellini, G., Corrivetti, G., De Giorgi, S., Favaro, A., Gramaglia, C., Marzola, E., Meneguzzo, P., Monaco, F., Oriani, M. G., Pinna, F., Rania, M., Redaelli, C. A., Renna, C., Ricca, V., Salvo, P., Baldissera, E., Segura-Garcia, C., Todisco, P., Volpe, U., Zeppegno, P., and Monteleone, P.

Subjects
050103 clinical psychology, 030309 nutrition & dietetics, media_common.quotation_subject, Population, Vulnerability, Feeding and Eating Disorders, 03 medical and health sciences, Social support, Pandemic, medicine, Humans, 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences, Social isolation, education, Pandemics, media_common, Retrospective Studies, 0303 health sciences, education.field_of_study, Resilience, Psychopathology, business.industry, SARS-CoV-2, 05 social sciences, Eating disorder, COVID-19, medicine.disease, Eating disorders, Psychiatry and Mental health, Clinical Psychology, Italy, Risk factors, Communicable Disease Control, Original Article, Psychological resilience, Risk factor, medicine.symptom, business, Clinical psychology
Abstract

Purpose: The COVID-19 pandemic restrictions had negative impact on the psychopathology of people with Eating Disorders (EDs). Factors involved in the vulnerability to stressful events have been under-investigated in this population. We aimed to assess which factors contributed to COVID-19-induced worsening in both general and specific psychopathology. Methods: Three-hundred and twelve people with a clinically defined diagnosis of an ED and undergoing a specialist ED treatment in different Italian ED services before the spreading of COVID-19 pandemic filled in an online survey. ED specific and general psychopathology changes after COVID-19 quarantine were retrospectively evaluated. Factors related to COVID-19 concerns (financial condition, fear of contagion, perceived social isolation/support, satisfaction in peer, family or sentimental relationships), illness duration and treatment-related variables (type of treatment provided, type of access to care, satisfaction with therapeutic relationships) were included as predicting factors in a structural equational model, which included latent variables consisting of general and ED psychopathology items as outcomes. Results: A perceived low quality of therapeutic relationships, fear of contagion and increased isolation were positively associated with psychopathology worsening. Reduced satisfaction with family and with friends’ relationships and reduced perceived social support were associated with ED and general symptoms deterioration, respectively. No significant effect emerged for intimate relationships, illness duration, economic condition and type of treatment. Conclusions: This study provides a comprehensive evaluation of clinical variables associated with psychopathological changes during the COVID-19 lockdown period highlighting potential risk and resilience factors and, possibly, informing treatment as well asprevention strategies for EDs. Level of evidence IV: Evidence obtained from multiple time series analysis such as case studies.

Published
2020

14. COVID-19 pandemic and eating disorders: What impact on specific and general psychopathology?

Author

Marianna Rania, Giovanni Castellini, Maria Ginevra Oriani, Patrizia Zeppegno, P. Federica, Simona Anselmetti, Giovanni Abbate-Daga, Francesca Marciello, Umberto Volpe, F. Scarabel, Palmiero Monteleone, Caterina Renna, Bernardo Carpiniello, Patrizia Todisco, Francesco Monaco, Giammarco Cascino, Enrica Marzola, C. Gramaglia, Sara Bertelli, M. Baiano, Giulio Corrivetti, Matteo Balestrieri, Angela Favaro, Eugenia Barone, S. De Giorgi, A. M. Monteleone, Cristina Segura-Garcia, Valdo Ricca, Pierandrea Salvo, Barone, E., Marciello, F., Cascino, G., Abbate-Daga, G., Anselmetti, S., Baiano, M., Balestrieri, M., Bertelli, S., Carpiniello, B., Castellini, G., Corrivetti, G., De Giorgi, S., Favaro, A., Gramaglia, C., Marzola, E., Monaco, F., Oriani, M. G., Federica, P., Rania, M., Renna, C., Ricca, V., Salvo, P., Segura-Garcia, C., Scarabel, F., Todisco, P., Volpe, U., Zeppegno, P., Monteleone, P., and Monteleone, Alessio Maria

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, business.industry, Bulimia nervosa, Panic, Anorexia nervosa, medicine.disease, Psychiatry and Mental health, Eating disorders, Binge-eating disorder, Medicine, Anxiety, Social isolation, medicine.symptom, business, Psychiatry, Psychopathology
Abstract

IntroductionThe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic and the resulting containment measures, such as “lockdown” and “social distancing”, have had important consequences on people’s mental and physical health.ObjectivesWe aimed to study the effect of social isolation and subsequent re- exposure and eventual changes in general and ED-specific psychopathology in people with Eating Disorders (EDs).MethodsThree-hundred twelve Italian people with EDs (179 Anorexia Nervosa, 83 Bulimia Nervosa, 48 Binge Eating Disorder and 22 Other Specific Feeding Eating Disorder) were asked to fill-in an online survey to explore several dimensions such as: anxiety, depression, panic, insomnia, suicide ideation, stress, post-traumatic stress and obsessive-compulsive symptoms. Differences in ED specific and general symptoms among the 3 investigated time periods (before, during and after the end of lockdown) were assessed with a one-way ANOVA with repeated measures. Subsequently, ED diagnosis was introduced as covariate in the analysis in order to investigate the possible contribution on psychopathological changes.ResultsED core symptoms increased during the lockdown but most of them returned to pre-COVID19 levels at re-opening. The severity of general psychopathology also increased during the lockdown and persisted high in the following phase, except for depression and suicide ideation. None of this symptoms was affected by ED diagnosis, participants’age and illness duration.ConclusionsPeople with EDs showed worsening of both general and specific psychopathology; moreover, changes in general psychopathology persisted in the re-opening period suggesting a higher stress vulnerability in this kind of patients.DisclosureNo significant relationships.KeywordCOVID19 and Eating Disorders

Published
2021

16. ADC maps in the prediction of pelvic lymph nodal metastatic regions in endometrial cancer

Author

Matteo Oriani, Maria Grazia Valsecchi, Patrizia Perego, Sandro Sironi, Stefania Galimberti, Gilda Rechichi, Rechichi, G, Galimberti, S, Oriani, M, Perego, P, Valsecchi, M, and Sironi, S

Subjects
Gadolinium DTPA, medicine.medical_specialty, medicine.medical_treatment, Contrast Media, Adenocarcinoma, Hysterectomy, Sensitivity and Specificity, Pelvis, Predictive Value of Tests, Medicine, Effective diffusion coefficient, Humans, Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging, Neoplasm Invasiveness, Aged, Retrospective Studies, business.industry, Endometrial cancer, General Medicine, Middle Aged, Diffusion, ADC, MRI, Endometrial cancer, Lymph nodes, medicine.disease, Endometrial Neoplasms, body regions, medicine.anatomical_structure, Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging, ROC Curve, Predictive value of tests, Lymphatic Metastasis, Lymph Node Excision, Female, Lymph, Radiology, Lymph Nodes, Neoplasm Grading, business, NODAL
Abstract

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the usefulness of apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) in discriminating metastatic from non-metastatic pelvic lymph nodal sites in endometrial cancer. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This retrospective study included 40 patients with endometrial cancer who underwent MRI [T2-weighted, dynamic T1-weighted images and diffusion-weighted images with body background suppression (DWIBS), b-values 0 and 1,000 s/mm(2)], total hysterectomy and pelvic lymphadenectomy. Lymph nodes identifiable on DWIBS were evaluated, classified into six nodal regions, and for each node ADC values, short- and long-axis diameters were measured by two readers. Histopathological findings and follow-up information served as the reference standard. RESULTS: Average (± standard deviation) mean and minimum ADC region value (0.87 ± 0.15 and 0.74 ± 0.07 × 10(-3) mm(2)/s) of metastatic sites (n = 7) were significantly lower than those of non-metastatic ones (n = 89; 1.07 ± 0.20 and 1.02 ± 0.20; p-value = 0.010 and 0.0004). Mean short-axis and short-to-long axis ratios of metastatic nodes were 7.47 mm and 0.68. Using the minimum ADC region value with threshold 0.807 × 10(-3) mm(2)/s, sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive value and accuracy were 100 %, 98.3 %, 63.6 %, 100 % and 98.3 %, respectively (reader 1). CONCLUSION: In endometrial cancer, mean and minimum ADC region values of metastatic nodal sites are significantly lower than those found at normal sites. KEY POINTS : • Magnetic resonance imaging is widely used for endometrial cancer. • Nodes involved with metastases show lower ADC values than normal nodes. • ADC values show higher diagnostic performances than conventional size criteria. • Minimum region ADC values perform better than mean region ADC values. • The radiologist can indicate to the surgeon which nodal stations are involved.

Published
2012

17. A post-HF approach to the sunscreen octyl methoxycinnamate.

Author

Fois E, Oriani M, and Tabacchi G

Abstract

Octyl methoxycinnamate (2-ethylhexyl 4-methoxycinnamate, OMC) is a commercial sunscreen known as octinoxate with excellent UVB filter properties. However, it is known to undergo a series of photodegradation processes that decrease its effectiveness as a UVB filter. In particular, the trans (E) form-which is considered so far as the most stable isomer-converts to the cis (Z) form under the effect of light. In this work, by using post-Hartree-Fock approaches [CCSD, CCSD(t), and CCSD + T(CCSD)] on ground state OMC geometries optimized at the MP2 level, we show that the cis and trans forms of the gas-phase OMC molecule have comparable stability. Test calculations on the same structures with a series of dispersion-corrected density functional theory-based approaches including the B2PLYP double hybrid predict the trans structures to be energetically favored, missing the subtle stabilization of cis-OMC. Our results suggest that the cis form is stabilized by intra-molecular dispersion interactions, leading to a folded more compact structure than the trans isomer.

Published
2021
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18. The Early Steps of Molecule-to-Material Conversion in Chemical Vapor Deposition (CVD): A Case Study.

Author

Barreca D, Fois E, Gasparotto A, Maccato C, Oriani M, and Tabacchi G

Abstract

Transition metal complexes with β-diketonate and diamine ligands are valuable precursors for chemical vapor deposition (CVD) of metal oxide nanomaterials, but the metal-ligand bond dissociation mechanism on the growth surface is not yet clarified in detail. We address this question by density functional theory (DFT) and ab initio molecular dynamics (AIMD) in combination with the Blue Moon (BM) statistical sampling approach. AIMD simulations of the Zn β-diketonate-diamine complex Zn(hfa) 2 TMEDA (hfa = 1,1,1,5,5,5-hexafluoro-2,4-pentanedionate; TMEDA = N , N , N' , N' -tetramethylethylenediamine), an amenable precursor for the CVD of ZnO nanosystems, show that rolling diffusion of this precursor at 500 K on a hydroxylated silica slab leads to an octahedral-to-square pyramidal rearrangement of its molecular geometry. The free energy profile of the octahedral-to-square pyramidal conversion indicates that the process barrier (5.8 kcal/mol) is of the order of magnitude of the thermal energy at the operating temperature. The formation of hydrogen bonds with surface hydroxyl groups plays a key role in aiding the dissociation of a Zn-O bond. In the square-pyramidal complex, the Zn center has a free coordination position, which might promote the interaction with incoming reagents on the deposition surface. These results provide a valuable atomistic insight on the molecule-to-material conversion process which, in perspective, might help to tailor by design the first nucleation stages of the target ZnO-based nanostructures.

Published
2021
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19. Case report: the thoracoscopic surgery in peritoneal-pleural leakage. A valid therapeutic strategy.

Author

Bigatti GGO, Xhaferi B, Nava E, Traversi L, Ciurlino D, Mazzullo T, Tedoldi S, Martino S, Villa MN, Oriani M, Castiglioni M, and Volmer Bertoli S

Subjects
Aged, 80 and over, Digestive System Fistula etiology, Humans, Male, Peritoneal Diseases etiology, Pleural Diseases etiology, Respiratory Tract Fistula etiology, Digestive System Fistula surgery, Peritoneal Dialysis adverse effects, Peritoneal Diseases surgery, Pleural Diseases surgery, Respiratory Tract Fistula surgery, Thoracic Surgery, Video-Assisted
Abstract

Pleuro-peritoneal leakage is an uncommon complication of peritoneal dialysis (PD). In this study, we report the case of a male patient (age 83), treated with PD (daytime single-exchange). In October 2019, hospitalization was necessary due to dyspnoea and a reduction of peritoneal ultrafiltration. A right pleural leakage resulted at chest x-ray. A regression of the pleural leakage was immediately observed after interrupting PD. It was then performed a pleuro-peritoneal CT scan at baseline, followed by a second scan performed 4 hours after the injection of 2 L of isotonic solution with 100ml of contrast medium, which evidenced a pleuro-peritoneal communication. It was then decided to perform a video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS), that showed no evidence of diaphragm communication. It was then executed a pleurodesis using sterile talcum. The patient was released on the 3rd day, with a conservative therapy and a low-protein diet. After 2 weeks a new pleuro-peritoneal CT scan with contrast medium was executed. This time the scan evidenced the absence of contrast medium in the thoracic cavity. The patient then resumed PD therapy, with 3 daily exchanges with isotonic solution (volume 1.5 L), showing no complications. Concerning the treatment of pleuro-peritoneal leakage, VATS allows both the patch-repairing of diaphragmatic flaws and the instillation of chemical agents. In our case, VATS allowed the chemical pleurodesis which in turn enabled, in just 2 weeks of conservative treatment, the resuming of PD. In conclusion, this methodology is a valid option in the treatment of pleuro-peritoneal leakage in PD patients., (Copyright by Società Italiana di Nefrologia SIN, Rome, Italy.)

Published
2020

20. Magnetic resonance imaging as an early indicator of clinical outcome in patients with metastatic colorectal carcinoma treated with cetuximab or panitumumab.

Author

Ricotta R, Vanzulli A, Moroni M, Colnago B, Oriani M, Nichelatti M, Sarnataro C, Venturini F, Di Bella S, Maiolani M, Giganti MO, Sartore-Bianchi A, and Siena S

Subjects
Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Antibodies, Monoclonal administration & dosage, Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized administration & dosage, Cetuximab, Colorectal Neoplasms drug therapy, Colorectal Neoplasms mortality, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Humans, Image Processing, Computer-Assisted, Liver Neoplasms drug therapy, Liver Neoplasms mortality, Lymphatic Metastasis, Male, Middle Aged, Neoplasm Staging, Panitumumab, Peritoneal Neoplasms drug therapy, Peritoneal Neoplasms mortality, Prognosis, Survival Rate, Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols therapeutic use, Colorectal Neoplasms pathology, Liver Neoplasms secondary, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Peritoneal Neoplasms secondary
Abstract

Unlabelled: We show that detection, by week-2 magnetic resonance imaging, of tumor shrinkage >10% in response to therapy with cetuximab or panitumumab for metastatic colorectal carcinoma represents an early indicator of clinical outcome because it is predictive of the prolongation of progression-free survival and overall survival., Purpose: The early identification of patients with metastatic colorectal carcinoma who are likely to benefit from treatment with panitumumab or cetuximab remains of paramount importance. We evaluated whether the early tumor shrinkage assessed by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is predictive of long-term outcome to these epidermal growth factor receptor-targeted therapies., Patients and Methods: Thirty-nine patients with chemorefractory metastatic colorectal carcinoma were treated with cetuximab or panitumumab. The patients were evaluated by unenhanced MRI at baseline, week 2, and week 8 after the beginning of the treatment and by contrast-enhanced computed tomography within 3 months. Early response was defined as a tumor shrinkage ≥ 10% at week-2 MRI, whereas response by contrast-enhanced computed tomography was defined according to standard Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors 1.1., Results: At week-2 MRI, 15 (38.5%) of 39 patients had an early response. Eleven (73.3%) of these 15 early responders then presented a partial response by contrast-enhanced computed tomography, whereas none of the 24 early nonresponders obtained a partial response (P < .0005, Fisher exact test). Median progression-free survival (PFS) was 29.7 and 8 weeks in patients with or without early response, respectively (hazard ratio [HR] 0.156 [95% CI, 0.069-0.355]; P < .0001)]. The median overall survival (OS) was 80 weeks in patients with early response and 23.3 weeks in those without early response, respectively (HR 0.154 [95% CI, 0.057-0.420]; P < .00005])., Conclusions: Early detection of tumor response by week-2 MRI without contrast medium is associated with a prediction of clinical outcome in patients with metastatic colorectal carcinoma treated with cetuximab or panitumumab., (Copyright © 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)

Published
2013
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21. Predictors of cognitive improvement after reality orientation in Alzheimer's disease.

Author

Zanetti O, Oriani M, Geroldi C, Binetti G, Frisoni GB, Di Giovanni G, and De Vreese LP

Subjects
Aged, Female, Humans, Male, Predictive Value of Tests, Retrospective Studies, Alzheimer Disease psychology, Cognition
Abstract

Background: there is increasing evidence to support the efficacy of reality orientation in cognitive deficits in patients with Alzheimer's disease. The clinical characteristics of patients who respond to reality orientation are poorly understood; this knowledge could be important, given that the provision of reality orientation therapy is labour-intensive and may provoke emotional distress., Aim: to evaluate retrospectively which demographic and clinical characteristics of Alzheimer's patients predict cognitive outcomes., Method: we analysed 38 mild-to-moderately demented outpatients who regularly attended a one-month formal reality orientation programme. The mini mental state examination score changes from baseline-and immediately after-reality orientation were correlated with demographic and pre-treatment clinical characteristics by a linear regression analysis., Results: short-term responsiveness to reality orientation was significantly predicted by a lower level of cognitive functioning (as measured by the mini mental state examination) at baseline and by the absence of euphoria, accounting together for 57.6% of variance., Conclusion: a lower mini mental state examination and the absence of euphoric behaviour in patients with mild-to-moderate Alzheimer's disease may predict a good cognitive outcome of reality orientation therapy.

Published
2002
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22. Management of "critical" aneurysms of the anterior circulation: technical suggestions.

Author

Dorizzi A, Basile L, Bellocchi S, Bonfanti N, Cartini E, Marra A, Oriani M, Palmesino M, Scamoni C, and Tabano A

Subjects
Cerebral Angiography, Female, Humans, Intracranial Aneurysm classification, Intracranial Aneurysm mortality, Middle Aged, Neurosurgery methods, Treatment Outcome, Intracranial Aneurysm physiopathology, Intracranial Aneurysm surgery
Abstract

This paper first goal is to establish what "critical" aneurysm means. We decided to consider as "critical" aneurysms those whose correct clipping-treatment would be particularly difficult; this particular difficulty could concern the malformation intrinsic characteristics as well as extrinsic factors (the patient's clinical conditions as well as insufficient organizational or technical facilities). We thus reviewed 277 aneurysms operated in the Neurosurgical Department of Varese from 1988 to 1994. We excluded 18 vertebro-basilar system aneurysms; the clinical and surgical charts of the 259 remaining aneurysms were reviewed and informations regarding their last clinical conditions were gathered. In this way it was possible for us to distinguish different categories of critical aneurysms: critical for their anatomical position, morphology, size and for their number; unpredictably critic aneurysms and aneurysms associated with the patient's critical conditions were also considered. After describing our technical solutions and those suggested by the current literature we concluded that what is required to treat these critical aneurysms is not an extraordinary surgical skill, but a good organizational and technical facility at the surgical-team's disposal.

Published
1998

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