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Objective\ud To assess clinical variability in the management of small‐for‐gestational‐age (SGA) fetuses according to different published Doppler reference charts for umbilical artery (UA) and fetal middle cerebral artery (MCA) Doppler indices and cerebroplacental ratio (CPR).\ud \ud Methods\ud We performed a systematic search of MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL and the Web of Science databases from 1954 to 2018 for studies with the sole aim of creating fetal Doppler reference values for UA, MCA and CPR. The top cited articles for each Doppler parameter were included. Variability in Doppler values at the following clinically relevant cut‐offs was assessed: UA‐pulsatility index (PI) > 95th percentile; MCA‐PI

To determine the image quality and the reliability of an objective scale of the middle cerebral artery (MCA) and the umbilical artery (UA) Doppler evaluation within a multicenter randomized controlled trial: "Revealed versus concealed criteria for placental insufficiency in unselected obstetric population in late pregnancy: Ratio 37" METHODS: 20 patients were randomly selected (2 images per patient, UA and MCA) from each of the 6 participating centres. A total of 240 images were evaluated by 6 different experts and scored on an objective scale of 6 items. The inter- and intra-rater reliability was assessed by Fleiss-modified kappa statistic for ordinal scales.

BACKGROUND: Sugar beet pulp (SBP) is a promising feedstock for the production of 2nd generation biofuels, but efficientenzymatic hydrolysis remains a key challenge ; therefore, new process designs and/or bioreactor designs are crucial to overcomethis hurdle. In this regard, horizontal rotating tubular bioreactors (HRTB) offer the advantage of high substrate loadings whileminimizing the space and energy demand compared with conventional stirred tank reactors. Here, a statistical approach is usedto optimize the hydrolysis of sugar beet pulp in laboratory experiments, and it is shown that such a process can be implementedin a HRTB.RESULTS:Usingthedesignofexperiments(DOE)method, thereactionconditionsoffourcommercialenzymemixtures(UltrazymAFP-L, Viscozyme L, Pectinase and Cellulase) was optimized for the degradation of SBP in small-scale experiments. UsingUltrazymAFP-Lasthemostefficientmixture, a10 LscaleconversionwasperformedinaHRTB.Atasubstrateloadingof135 g L−1and optimized conversion parameters (enzyme load, pH and rotating speed of the reactor), 0.525 W dm−3were needed toachieve solubilisation of 30% of the total mass of initial SBP after 24 h.CONCLUSION: DOE was found to be an easy-to-apply method that allowed optimizing the conditions for enzymatic hydrolysisof SBP, resulting in a higher sugar yield. The results could be transferred to an HRTB, which is a suitable system for enzymaticconversion and efficient saccharification of semi-solid or solid substrates with relatively low energy consumption.

Objective To evaluate whether maintenance treatment with vaginal progesterone after an arrested preterm labour reduces the incidence of preterm delivery. Design Multicentre, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Setting Twelve tertiary care centres in Spain. Population A total of 265 women with singleton pregnancy, preterm labour successfully arrested with tocolytic treatment, and cervical length of

Background: The consequences of preterm birth, to the individual and society at large, remain a major financial, emotional, social and personal burden in all countries. A complex infuence network between the family socioeconomic status, nutrition and infant social interactions determines early childhood environment. The socioeconomic characteristics of families and households define much of the starting conditions and the posible future development of any newborn. Aim: To develop a socioeconomics indicators inventory specifically focused on preterm children, in order to characterize their early childhood environment to evaluate potential social affordances of infants under 24 months of age. Methods: The process was divided into four phases: questionnaire development (items and domains generation), pilot testing, validation and exploratory analysis. The final version of the PRE-SCHOOL questionnaire consisted of 190 items, each related to one or more of eight domains (personal data, family situation, health status, economical situation, level of education, social network, leisure and residence conditions). For the exploratory and validation analysis, 52 children were recruited. The parent interview was conducted by two specially trained social workers when the child reached 24 months of age. Internal consistency of the questionnaire was high for all domains (Cronbach’s a coefficient of 0.964). Conclusions: The social and economic contexts define spaces of possibility that directly affect the evolution and life development of each newborn. The PRE-SCHOOL socioeconomics indicators inventory improves the anamnesis process in preterm infants at risk of cognitive impairement. We need to increased socioecnomical informations of the early childhood enviroment in order to propose focused family-centred cost-effective interventions to improve cognitive development.

INTRODUCTION: Although blackberry wine is a popular fruit wine and traditional product in the continental part of Croatia, the scientific literature on Croatian blackberry wines is scarce and there is no data concerning characterization of wine yeasts for blackberry wine production. In this work, two commercial yeasts were tested in a small scale to evaluate their application possibility in commercial production of blackberry wine. The wines produced using Fermol Rouge and Fermol Mediterraneé yeasts were designated as FR wine and FM wine, respectively. METHODS AND MATERIALS: Microfermentations of blackberry juice were performed at 23ºC to test the fermentative abilities of commercial yeasts in a small scale. Fermentation activity was monitored by measuring CO2 evolution and CO2 production rate. Reducing sugars, alcoholic strength by volume, pH, total and volatile acidity, glycerol as well as malic and lactic acid of blackberry wines were estimated based on procedure described by OIV. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS: It was shown that Fermol Mediterraneé yeast started fermentation faster compared to Fermol Rouge yeast. Level of volatile acids formed by Fermol Mediterraneé yeast was slightly lower than that obtained by Fermol Rouge yeast, while concentrations of residual sugars, ethanol, pH and total acids were similar in wines produced using both yeasts. Glycerol production by both yeasts was nearly the same. Compared to FM wine malic acid level in FR wine was twice lower, while lactic acid concentration was twice higher in FR wine. Chemical composition of the produced wines was in accordance with the Croatian fruit wine legislation. Good fermentative properties of commercial yeasts Fermol Mediterraneé and Fermol Rouge could be beneficial for blackberry wine production.