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Background: Reports of allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) to phytonadione epoxide (PE) in cosmetics suggest that PE is as powerful a sensitiser as its parent compound phytonadione. Objective: To evaluate a case series of ACD to PE in Spain. Methods: We reviewed the records of 20 patients with ACD to cosmetics containing PE diagnosed across Spain between January 2019 and June 2023. Results: All 20 patients developed patch test (PT) or repeated open application test (ROAT) reactions to cosmetics containing PE. All involved women with eyelid eczema. PT or ROAT with PE preparations were positive in 17/20 (85%). PE at 1%, 5%, 10% and 20% in pet. was patch‐tested in 8/17, 14/17, 11/17 and 8/17 patients; being positive in 6/8 (75%), 13/14 (92.85%), 11/11 (100%) and 8/8 (100%), respectively. Conclusion: Regulators should, not only ban the specific dangerous cosmetic ingredients, but also consider to ban or keep under close surveillance those closely related products or derivatives that might potentially cause similar harmful effects. PTs with PE are suggested to be performed at a 5% concentration in pet. Higher concentrations (10% pet.) should be tested whenever PTs with 5% pet. PE are negative. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aims: Ventral pathway circuits are constituted by the interconnected brain areas that are distributed throughout the brain. These brain circuits are primarily involved in processing of object related information in brain. However, their role in object recognition memory (ORM) enhancement remains unknown. Here, we have studied on the implication of these circuits in ORM enhancement and in reversal of ORM deficit in aging. Methods: The brain areas interconnected to ventral pathway circuits in rat brain were activated by an expression of a protein called regulator of G‐protein signaling 14 of 414 amino acids (RGS14414). RGS14414 is an ORM enhancer and therefore used here as a gain‐in‐function tool. ORM test and immunohistochemistry, lesions, neuronal arborization, and knockdown studies were performed to uncover the novel function of ventral pathway circuits. Results: An activation of each of the brain areas interconnected to ventral pathway circuits individually induced enhancement in ORM; however, same treatment in brain areas not interconnected to ventral pathway circuits produced no effect. Further study in perirhinal cortex (PRh), area V2 of visual cortex and frontal cortex (FrC), which are brain areas that have been shown to be involved in ORM and are interconnected to ventral pathway circuits, revealed that ORM enhancement seen after the activation of any one of the three brain areas was unaffected by the lesions in other two brain areas either individually in each area or even concurrently in both areas. This ORM enhancement in all three brain areas was associated to increase in structural plasticity of pyramidal neurons where more than 2‐fold higher dendritic spines were observed. Additionally, we found that an activation of either PRh, area V2, or FrC not only was adequate but also was sufficient for the reversal of ORM deficit in aging rats, and the blockade of RGS14414 activity led to loss in increase in dendritic spine density and failure in reversal of ORM deficit. Conclusions: These results suggest that brain areas interconnected to ventral pathway circuits facilitate ORM enhancement by an increase in synaptic connectivity between the local brain area circuits and the passing by ventral pathway circuits and an upregulation in activity of ventral pathway circuits. In addition, the finding of the reversal of ORM deficit through activation of an interconnected brain area might serve as a platform for developing not only therapy against memory deficits but also strategies for other brain diseases in which neuronal circuits are compromised. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Keywords: acrylates; allergic contact dermatitis; case report; construction worker; leukoderma; marble; methacrylates; methylisothiazolinone; occupational; resin EN acrylates allergic contact dermatitis case report construction worker leukoderma marble methacrylates methylisothiazolinone occupational resin 242 244 3 02/08/23 20230301 NES 230301 Plastics/resins have become an emerging cause of occupational allergic contact dermatitis (OACD) in construction workers, mainly related to exposure to epoxy resin systems. Allergic contact dermatitis, case report, construction worker, acrylates, marble, methacrylates, methylisothiazolinone, occupational, resin, leukoderma 5 d Toledo University Hospital Acrylate series: methyl methacrylate, butyl methacrylate, 2-HEMA, 2-HPMA, EGDMA, triethyleneglycol dimethacrylate, 1,4-butanediol dimethacrylate, urethane dimethacrylate, bisphenol-A-dimethacrylate, bisphenol A glycerolate dimethacrylate, 1,6 hexanediol diacrylate, tetrahydrofurfuryl methacrylate, tetraethyleneglycol dimethacrylate, dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate, ethyl cyanoacrylate, ethyl methacrylate, isobornyl acrylate, butyl acrylate, 2-hydroxyethyl acrylate, benzoyl peroxide, bisphenol A (Chemotechnique Diagnostics). [Extracted from the article]

Background: Fragrance chemicals constitute the second most frequent cause of contact allergy in Spain. There are no data available concerning the individual fragrances that are most frequently involved. Objectives: To describe the diagnostic contribution provided by specific fragrance series to the results obtained with baseline series fragrance markers by correlating the results of both series. Materials and methods: We performed a 5‐year retrospective study of fragrance marker‐positive patients tested with specific fragrance series in 23 Spanish centres. We collected the demographic and clinical characteristics, and compared the results of patch tests obtained from different suppliers. Results: Of 19 588 patients patch tested with the Spanish baseline series, 1590 (8.1%) reacted positively to a fragrance marker. Of these, 1013 (63.7%) were patch tested with a fragrance series, and 664 patients reacted positively to at least one individual fragrance other than hydroxyisohexyl 3‐cyclohexene carboxaldehyde. Geraniol was the most frequent allergen. Positive reactions to substances not included in fragrance mix (FM) I or FM II were found in 230 patients. Of the 436 FM I‐positive patients and the 419 FM II‐positive patients, 184 (42%) and 64 (39.1%), respectively, had no positive reactions to fragrance series. In the case of FM I, negative results were more common when individual fragrances were patch tested at low concentrations. Conclusions: We recommend patch testing all patients positive for any fragrance marker with a specific fragrance series. The correlation between the results of baseline series and fragrance series could be improved by increasing the concentrations of individual fragrances. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Allergic contact dermatitis, CAS no. 8003-22-3, case report, CI 47000, CI 47005, erythroderma, patch tests, psoriasis, Quinoline Yellow, Solvent Yellow 33 Keywords: allergic contact dermatitis, CAS no. 8003-22-3, case report, CI 47000, CI 47005, erythroderma, patch tests, psoriasis, Quinoline Yellow, Solvent Yellow 33 EN allergic contact dermatitis, CAS no. 8003-22-3, case report, CI 47000, CI 47005, erythroderma, patch tests, psoriasis, Quinoline Yellow, Solvent Yellow 33 454 456 3 05/06/21 20210601 NES 210601 Erythroderma is complex to diagnose and usually attributed to medications or pre-existing disorders, including psoriasis and dermatitis. [Extracted from the article]

Keywords: allergic contact dermatitis; allergic contact dermatitis syndrome; case report; complications; lymph node; lymphadenopathy; methylisothiazolinone; methylisothiazolinone/methylchloroisothiazolinone; patch test; side-effect EN allergic contact dermatitis allergic contact dermatitis syndrome case report complications lymph node lymphadenopathy methylisothiazolinone methylisothiazolinone/methylchloroisothiazolinone patch test side-effect 136 138 3 01/28/21 20210201 NES 210201 Patch testing is the standard diagnostic procedure for allergic contact dermatitis (ACD), the purpose of it being to reproduce a "miniature" eczematous reaction on the skin by applying the allergens occluded according to international consensus guidelines.1 Lachapelle et al developed the concept of "allergic contact dermatitis syndrome" (ACDS), which implies three consecutive stages with specific morphological aspects and symptoms.2 Stage 2 is linked to the regional dissemination of the allergen(s) to the lymph nodes from the primary site of exposure via the lymphatic vessels.2 Although patch tests are generally very safe, some complications have been described. The reactive lymphadenopathy may seem distant from the patch test reaction in both of the previously published cases by Wong and Maibach,3 and our case (patch tests reactions from methylisothiazolinone located on the left site of the lumbar region). Allergic contact dermatitis, allergic contact dermatitis syndrome, case report, complications, lymph node, lymphadenopathy, methylisothiazolinone, methylisothiazolinone/methylchloroisothiazolinone, patch test, side-effect. [Extracted from the article]

The article presents a study on 60 hybrid Yorkshire-Landrace penned sows presented with eutocic farrowing and dystocic parturition. The animals were divided into two subgroups: 15 eutocic and 15 dystocic sows received oxytocin 0.083 international unit per kilogram and 15 other eutocic and 15 dystocic sows received saline solution intramuscularly, simultaneously. Result showed that the schedule of dose would help to decrease the number of stillbirths in eutocic and dystocic farrowing sows.

The article presents a study which aimed to determine the effect of the feed on in vivo digestibility and the concentration of total ruminal bacteria, cellulolytic bacteria and protozoa, as well as on the pH, ammonium nitrogen and production of volatile fatty acids in the rumen. Through F test the means obtained from each experiment were compared. The findings of the study suggest that it is possible to utilize the wheat straw used to culture P. florida, not affecting the digestibility of the ration of the rumen microbial population.

The article focuses on the sensitization of tioconazole nail solutions, with patients developing erythemato-squamoous or oedematous and blistering of fingernails or toenails. It discusses the performance of patch tests with Spanish Contact Dermatitis Research Group (GEIDAC) baseline series and patch tests with econazole nitrate were too performed.

Hepatitis E virus (HEV) is an emerging public health problem with an estimated 20 million infections each year. In Mexico, Orthohepevirus A, genotype 2, has been reported in humans, but genotype 3 has only been reported in swine (zoonotic). No diagnostic tests are publicly available in Mexico, and only partial sequences have been reported from swine samples. Hence, research is necessary to determine circulating strains, understand the features and dynamics of infection on pig farms, determine how to implement surveillance programs, and to assess public health risks. In this study, a next-generation sequencing (NGS) approach was applied to obtain a complete genome of swine HEV. Liver, feces, and bile samples were taken at slaughterhouses and a farm in Mexico. RT-PCR was used to determine positive samples and confirmed by Sanger sequencing. Of the 64 slaughterhouse samples, one bile sample was positive (B1r) (1.56%). Of 21 sample pools from farm animals, 14 were positive (66.66%), representing all stages of production. A complete sequence strain MXCDg3_B1c|_2016 was obtained from the bile of a domestic swine in the fattening stage. In addition, two partial sequences—MXCDg3_H2cons|_2016 (1473 nt) and MXCDg3_C3Acons|_2016 (4777 nt)—were obtained from sampled farm animals. Comparison with all reported genome HEV sequences showed similarity to genotype 3 subgenotype a (G3a), which has been previously reported in acute cases of human hepatitis in the US, Colombia, China, and Japan. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Sixty hybrid Yorkshire-Landrace penned sows, 30 with eutocic farrowing and 30 experiencing a dystocic parturition, were studied to evaluate the obstetric and neonatal outcomes to low doses of oxytocin administered at advanced stages of parturition. Animals in each group were randomly subdivided into 2 subgroups: 15 eutocic and 15 dystocic sows received oxytocin 0.083 IU/kg (equivalent to 1 IU/12 kg body weight), administered intramuscularly after the delivery of the 5th piglet; the other 15 eutocic and 15 dystocic sows received saline solution intramuscularly at the same time. Oxytocin decreased the number of intrapartum deaths by approximately 50% (P = 0.002). No piglet was born dead from the saline- and oxytocin-treated eutocic sows. The highest viability score was observed among piglets born to eutocic sows treated with oxytocin. In summary, this dose schedule would help to decrease the number of stillbirths in both eutocic and dystocic farrowing sows.