Search

Your search keyword '"Ortuno, R."' showing total 485 results
Start Over Author "Ortuno, R."
485 results on '"Ortuno, R."'

3. The Impact of Type 2 Diabetes on Peripheral and Cerebral Hemodynamic Responses to Active Stand

Author

Hernandez, B, Dyer, A, Finucane, C, Nipoti, B, Romero-Ortuno, R, Reilly, R, Kenny, R, Hernandez B., Dyer A. H., Finucane C., Nipoti B., Romero-Ortuno R., Reilly R., Kenny R. A., Hernandez, B, Dyer, A, Finucane, C, Nipoti, B, Romero-Ortuno, R, Reilly, R, Kenny, R, Hernandez B., Dyer A. H., Finucane C., Nipoti B., Romero-Ortuno R., Reilly R., and Kenny R. A.

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Although type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is an established risk factor for cognitive impairment, the underlying mechanisms remain poorly explored. One potential mechanism may be through effects of T2DM on cerebral perfusion. The current study hypothesized that T2DM is associated with altered peripheral and central hemodynamic responses to orthostasis, which may in turn be associated with cognitive impairment in T2DM. METHODS: A novel use of function-on-scalar regression, which allows the entire hemodynamic response curve to be modeled, was employed to assess the association between T2DM and hemodynamic responses to orthostasis. Logistic regression was used to assess the relationship between tissue saturation index (TSI), T2DM, and cognitive impairment. All analyses used cross-sectional data from Wave 3 of The Irish Longitudinal Study on Ageing (TILDA). RESULTS: Of 2 984 older adults (aged 64.3 ± 8.0; 55% female), 189 (6.3%) had T2DM. T2DM was associated with many features that are indicative of autonomic dysfunction including a blunted peak heart rate and lower diastolic blood pressure. T2DM was associated with reduced TSI and also with greater odds of impaired performance on the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (odds ratio [OR]: 1.62; confidence interval [CI: 1.07, 2.56]; p = .019). Greater TSI was associated with lower odds of impaired performance (OR: 0.90, CI [0.81-0.99]; p = .047). CONCLUSIONS: T2DM was associated with impaired peripheral and cerebral hemodynamic responses to active stand. Both T2DM and reduced cerebral perfusion were associated with impaired cognitive performance. Altered cerebral perfusion may represent an important mechanism linking T2DM and adverse brain health outcomes in older adults.

Published
2024

26. TB screening, prevention and treatment cascade in a Malawi prison

Author

Mangochi, P., primary, Bossard, C., additional, Catacutan, C., additional, Van Laeken, D., additional, Kwitonda, C., additional, Ortuno, R., additional, Chiwaula, L., additional, Meis, M., additional, Abura, A., additional, Furin, J., additional, Mpunga, J., additional, Goemare, E., additional, Ellman, T., additional, Garone, D., additional, Ferlazzo, G., additional, and Isaakidis, P., additional

Published
2022
Full Text
View/download PDF

28. Early identification of frailty:Developing an international delphi consensus on pre-frailty

Author

Sezgin, D., O'Donovan, M., Woo, J., Bandeen-Roche, K., Liotta, G., Fairhall, N., Rodríguez-Laso, A., Apóstolo, J., Clarnette, R., Holland, C., Roller-Wirnsberger, R., Illario, M., Mañas, L.R., Vollenbroek-Hutten, M., Doğu, B.B., Balci, C., Pernas, F.O., Paul, C., Ahern, E., Romero-Ortuno, R., Molloy, W., Cooney, M.T., O'Shea, D., Cooke, J., Lang, D., Hendry, A., Kennelly, S., Rockwood, K., Clegg, A., Liew, A., O'Caoimh, R., Sezgin, D., O'Donovan, M., Woo, J., Bandeen-Roche, K., Liotta, G., Fairhall, N., Rodríguez-Laso, A., Apóstolo, J., Clarnette, R., Holland, C., Roller-Wirnsberger, R., Illario, M., Mañas, L.R., Vollenbroek-Hutten, M., Doğu, B.B., Balci, C., Pernas, F.O., Paul, C., Ahern, E., Romero-Ortuno, R., Molloy, W., Cooney, M.T., O'Shea, D., Cooke, J., Lang, D., Hendry, A., Kennelly, S., Rockwood, K., Clegg, A., Liew, A., and O'Caoimh, R.

Abstract

Background:: Frailty is associated with a prodromal stage called pre-frailty, a potentially reversible and highly prevalent intermediate state before frailty becomes established. Despite being widely-used in the literature and increasingly in clinical practice, it is poorly understood. Objective:: To establish consensus on the construct and approaches to diagnose and manage pre-frailty. Methods:: We conducted a modified (electronic, two-round) Delphi consensus study. The questionnaire included statements concerning the concept, aspects and causes, types, mechanism, assessment, consequences, prevention and management of pre-frailty. Qualitative and quantitative analysis methods were employed. An agreement level of 70% was applied. Results:: Twenty-three experts with different backgrounds from 12 countries participated. In total, 70 statements were circulated in Round 1. Of these, 52.8% were accepted. Following comments, 51 statements were re-circulated in Round 2 and 92.1% were accepted. It was agreed that physical and non-physical factors including psychological and social capacity are involved in the development of pre-frailty, potentially adversely affecting health and health-related quality of life. Experts considered pre-frailty to be an age-associated multi-factorial, multi-dimensional, and non-linear process that does not inevitably lead to frailty. It can be reversed or attenuated by targeted interventions. Brief, feasible, and validated tools and multidimensional assessment are recommended to identify pre-frailty. Conclusions:: Consensus suggests that pre-frailty lies along the frailty continuum. It is a multidimensional risk-state associated with one or more of physical impairment, cognitive decline, nutritional deficiencies and socioeconomic disadvantages, predisposing to the development of frailty. More research is needed to agree an operational definition and optimal management strategies.

Published
2022

29. Early identification of frailty : Developing an international delphi consensus on pre-frailty

Author

Sezgin, D., O'Donovan, M., Woo, J., Bandeen-Roche, K., Liotta, G., Fairhall, N., Rodríguez-Laso, A., Apóstolo, J., Clarnette, R., Holland, C., Roller-Wirnsberger, R., Illario, M., Mañas, L.R., Vollenbroek-Hutten, M., Doğu, B.B., Balci, C., Pernas, F.O., Paul, C., Ahern, E., Romero-Ortuno, R., Molloy, W., Cooney, M.T., O'Shea, D., Cooke, J., Lang, D., Hendry, A., Kennelly, S., Rockwood, K., Clegg, A., Liew, A., O'Caoimh, R., Sezgin, D., O'Donovan, M., Woo, J., Bandeen-Roche, K., Liotta, G., Fairhall, N., Rodríguez-Laso, A., Apóstolo, J., Clarnette, R., Holland, C., Roller-Wirnsberger, R., Illario, M., Mañas, L.R., Vollenbroek-Hutten, M., Doğu, B.B., Balci, C., Pernas, F.O., Paul, C., Ahern, E., Romero-Ortuno, R., Molloy, W., Cooney, M.T., O'Shea, D., Cooke, J., Lang, D., Hendry, A., Kennelly, S., Rockwood, K., Clegg, A., Liew, A., and O'Caoimh, R.

Abstract

Background:: Frailty is associated with a prodromal stage called pre-frailty, a potentially reversible and highly prevalent intermediate state before frailty becomes established. Despite being widely-used in the literature and increasingly in clinical practice, it is poorly understood. Objective:: To establish consensus on the construct and approaches to diagnose and manage pre-frailty. Methods:: We conducted a modified (electronic, two-round) Delphi consensus study. The questionnaire included statements concerning the concept, aspects and causes, types, mechanism, assessment, consequences, prevention and management of pre-frailty. Qualitative and quantitative analysis methods were employed. An agreement level of 70% was applied. Results:: Twenty-three experts with different backgrounds from 12 countries participated. In total, 70 statements were circulated in Round 1. Of these, 52.8% were accepted. Following comments, 51 statements were re-circulated in Round 2 and 92.1% were accepted. It was agreed that physical and non-physical factors including psychological and social capacity are involved in the development of pre-frailty, potentially adversely affecting health and health-related quality of life. Experts considered pre-frailty to be an age-associated multi-factorial, multi-dimensional, and non-linear process that does not inevitably lead to frailty. It can be reversed or attenuated by targeted interventions. Brief, feasible, and validated tools and multidimensional assessment are recommended to identify pre-frailty. Conclusions:: Consensus suggests that pre-frailty lies along the frailty continuum. It is a multidimensional risk-state associated with one or more of physical impairment, cognitive decline, nutritional deficiencies and socioeconomic disadvantages, predisposing to the development of frailty. More research is needed to agree an operational definition and optimal management strategies.

Published
2022

31. 161 THE ROLE OF THE GERIATRIC DAY HOSPITAL DURING THE COVID 19 PANDEMIC

Author

Lynch A, Quinn L, Briggs R, Tan T, Owen Thorpe, Romero-Ortuno R, Byrne T, Cunningham C, and Lavin A

Subjects
Aging, Abstracts, AcademicSubjects/MED00280, General Medicine, Geriatrics and Gerontology
Abstract

Background The geriatric day hospital (GDH) provides outpatient medical, nursing and rehabilitation care to older adults. Historically the main focus has been on rehabilitation. This project’s objective was to evaluate how the GDH adapted during the COVID-pandemic to provide acute medical care to older adults. Methods This is a pre and post COVID-19 comparative study. Referral source, multidisciplinary-team input and admission rates were evaluated for all new patient referrals from April 1st to May 31st 2019 (pre-pandemic) and compared to April 1st to May 31st 2020 (during-pandemic). This service evaluation project was approved by the local Research and Innovation Office. Results There was a 37.7% reduction in the number of new patient referrals for 2020 compared to 2019, p Conclusion During the COVID-Pandemic, the GDH evolved to provide more acute ambulatory medical care to avoid admissions. The GDH continues to adapt as the pandemic evolves and older adults needs change. Further comparative analysis will be required.

Published
2021

44. Environmental and individual exposure to secondhand aerosol of electronic cigarettes in confined spaces: Results from the TackSHS Project(dagger)

Author

Amalia, B, Fu, M, Tigova, O, Ballbe, M, Castellano, Y, Semple, S, Clancy, L, Vardavas, C, Lopez, MJ, Cortes, N, Perez-Ortuno, R, Pascual, JA, and Fernandez, E

Subjects
electronic cigarette, stomatognathic system, passive exposure, biomarker, environmental pollution, complex mixtures, electronic nicotine delivery systems
Abstract

Secondhand electronic cigarette (e-cigarette) aerosol (SHA) might impair indoor air quality and expose bystanders. This study aims to investigate exposure to SHA in controlled conditions of enclosed settings simulating real-world scenario. An experiment was performed in a car and in a room, in which SHA was generated during a 30-minute ad libitum use of an e-cigarette. The experiment was replicated on five consecutive days in each setting. We measured PM2.5, airborne nicotine concentrations, and biomarkers of exposure to SHA, such as nicotine metabolites, tobacco-specific nitrosamines, propylene glycol, and glycerol in bystanders' saliva samples before, during, and after the exposure period. Self-reported health symptoms related to exposure to SHA were also recorded. The results showed that the highest median PM2.5 concentration was recorded during the exposure period, being 21 mu g/m(3) in the room setting and 16 mu g/m(3) in the car setting-about twofold increase compared to the baseline. Most concentrations of the airborne nicotine and all biomarkers were below the limit of quantification in both settings. Bystanders in both settings experienced some short-term irritation symptoms, expressed as dry throat, nose, eyes, and phlegm. In conclusion, short-term use of an e-cigarette in confined spaces increased indoor PM2.5 level and caused some irritation symptoms in bystanders.

Published
2021

46. Quantitative falls risk assessment using the timed up and go test

Author

Greene, B.R., Romero-Ortuno, R., Cogan, L., Ni Scanaill, C., Kenny, R.A., and Donovan, A.O.

Subjects
Risk assessment -- Analysis, Falls (Accidents) -- Risk factors, Aged -- Accidents, Biological sciences, Business, Computers, Health care industry
Published
2010

49. ОТСУТСТВИЕ СВЯЗИ МЕЖДУ ГЕНОТИПОМ АНГИОТЕНЗИН-ПРЕВРАЩАЮЩЕГО ФЕРМЕНТА И МЫШЕЧНОЙ СИЛОЙ У ПОЖИЛЫХ ЛЮДЕЙ В ПЕРУ

Author

Oscanoa, T. J., Cieza, E. C., Lizaraso-Soto, F. A., Guevara, M. L., Fujita, R. M., Parodi, J. F., Runzer-Colmenares, F. M., and Romero-Ortuno, R.

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, Population, frailty, Physical strength, polymorphism, Grip strength, Polymorphism (computer science), Internal medicine, слабость, Genotype, medicine, генетический, education, старение, education.field_of_study, ангиотензин-конвертазный фермент, biology, business.industry, aging, Angiotensin-converting enzyme, dynapenia, General Medicine, мышечная сила, динапения, angiotensin convertase enzyme, полиморфизм, biology.protein, Muscle strength, genetic, Older people, business, muscular strength
Abstract

Старение может быть связано с уменьшением мышечной силы, а сопутствующими факторами являются заболевания, пол, физическая активность и, возможно, генетические факторы. Среди генетических факторов представляет интерес ренин-ангиотензиновая система, но данные о перуанской популяции отсутствуют. Целью исследования - оценка связи силы сцепления и полиморфизма ангиотензин-конвертазного фермента (АКФ) у пожилых людей в Перу. Было проведено перекрестное исследование в выборке из 104 участников старше 60 лет в Лиме, Перу с анализом полиморфизма АКФ. Мы изучили 104 участника, 46 (44,2%) мужчин и 58 (55,8%) женщин, со средним возрастом и стандартным отклонением ( SD ) 73,7 (7,4) года, в диапазоне 60-90 лет. Частота генотипов D/D, I/D и I/I составила 12,7; 43,7 и 43,7% соответственно. Распределение полиморфизма АKФ по генотипу соответствовало равновесию Харди-Вайнберга ( р =0,746). Средняя ( SD ) сила сцепления при D/D , I/D и I/I полиморфизмах составила 24,8 (7,2); 22,8 (7,2) и 23,4 (7,6) кг соответственно. Не выявлено достоверных различий ( р =0,41) между генетическими группами. В этой небольшой удобной выборке пожилых перуанцев не было обнаружено связи между силой сцепления и генотипом АКФ., Aging can be associated with decreasing muscle strength, and related factors are comorbidities, sex, physical activity, and possibly genetic factors. Among genetic factors the renin-angiotensin system is of interest, but data on the Peruvian population is lacking. The objective of our study was to evaluate the association of grip strength and angiotensin convertase enzyme (ACE) polymorphism in Peruvian older people. A cross-sectional study in a convenience sample of 104 participants over 60 years in Lima, Perú, with analysis of the ACE polymorphism, was performed. We studied 104 participants, 46 men (44,2 %) and 58 women (55,8 %), with a mean age and standard deviation (SD) of 73,7 (7,4) years, range between 60-90 years. The frequency of D/D, I/D and I/I genotypes was 12,7; 43,7 and 43,7 % respectively. The genotype distribution of ACE polymorphism agreed with the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium ( p =0,746). The mean (SD) of grip strength in the D/D, I/D and I/I polymorphisms were 24,8 (7,2); 22,8 (7,2) and 23,4 (7,6) kg respectively; no significant difference was observed ( p =0,41) between genetic groups. In this small convenience sample of older Peruvians, no association was found between grip strength and ACE genotype., Успехи геронтологии, Выпуск 4 2020

Published
2020
Full Text
View/download PDF

Catalog

Books, media, physical & digital resources
See catalog results