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Crimea is an iodine-deficient region, so feeding rabbits with iodine-enriched feed is a necessary condition for ensuring their normal functioning and productivity on farms. The use of algae from saline water bodies high in iodine and other valuable components can help solve this problem. The filamentous green alga Cladophora was collected from a Crimean hypersaline lake, and then granules were obtained from it. They were used in experiments on young rabbits. In 2024 there was studied the effect of Cladophora supplements in the diet of young rabbits of the Californian breed, from the age after weaning until reaching a slaughter weight of 2.5–2.8 kg. Three experimental and one control group of rabbits were formed (10 animals each). In the experimental groups, 1 %, 0.5 or 0.25 % of Cladophora were added to the diet of rabbits. The supplements have led to significant changes in the biochemical composition of blood serum: the concentration of urease and alpha-amylase increased by 36.7 and 50.4 % (p = 0.01), respectively. The increase in alpha-amylase was significantly directly proportional to the amount of supplementation (p = 0.001). The content of total protein and albumin increased significantly (p = 0.001–0.01). Within normal limits, the content of erythrocytes and leukocytes increased significantly (p = 0.05). Thrombocrit also increased significantly (p = from 0.05 to 0.001). The data obtained showed that when Cladophora was added to the diet of rabbits, all characteristics of its blood did not go beyond the known normal limits, while positive changes occurred in a number of them. There is an intensification of metabolic processes and kidney enzymes. The results obtained as well as published data have shown that adding Cladophora to the diet of rabbits can be an effective feed additive that improves their physiological condition and enhances immunity.

Abstract We report the performance of a magnetically silent optically pumped cesium magnetometer with a statistical sensitivity of 3.5 pT/ $$\sqrt{\textrm{Hz}}$$ Hz at 1 Hz and a stability of 90 fT over 150 s of measurement. Optical pumping with coherent, linearly-polarized, resonant light leads to a relatively long-lived polarized ground state of the cesium vapour contained in a measurement cell. The state precesses at its Larmor frequency in the magnetic field to be measured. Nonlinear magneto-optical rotation then leads to the rotation of the plane of polarization of a linearly polarized probe laser beam. The rotation angle is modulated at twice the Larmor frequency. A measurement of this frequency constitutes an absolute measurement of the magnetic field magnitude. Featuring purely optical operation, non-magnetic construction, low noise floor, and high stability, this sensor will be used for the upcoming TUCAN electric dipole moment experiment and other highly sensitive magnetic applications. Novel aspects of the system include commercial construction and the ability to operate up to 24 sensors on a single probe laser diode.

In the context of global and national goals of sustainable development, the data of the traditional accounting system is not enough to assess the benefits that society receives from ecosystems and their services, as well as the analysis of anthropogenic impact on the natural environment. In this regard, the international communityʼs efforts formed the concept of ecosystem accounting, the data of which characterize the importance of ecosystems for national economies and humanity. The article aims to reveal the conceptual foundations, objects and accounts of ecosystem accounting and identify the factors that determine the need for its implementation as an essential component of managing the recovery of Ukraine based on sustainable development. The research is based on the method of analogy and abstract thinking. The research hypothesis – the feasibility of introducing ecosystem accounting in Ukraine – was proven using the methods of analysis and synthesis, induction, deduction and comparison based on the results of previous studies on the assessment of the effectiveness of ecosystem accounting concepts in some countries and information requests from the government, investors and international partners regarding the state of ecosystems in Ukraine in wartime. The article reveals the principles that are the basis for the development of national concepts of ecosystem accounting. The key objects of ecosystem accounting are ecosystems as a set of assets that form natural capital and ecosystem services, i.e. unique public goods. The structure of ecosystem accounts was presented, accumulating the information necessary to measure natureʼs contribution to the economy and human well-being. This approach allows taking into account the many advantages of nature, which are often not valued in the market in the traditional accounting system and, accordingly, are ignored when making economic decisions. The factors determining the need to develop a national concept of ecosystem accounting and its practical implementation as soon as possible have been identified. The flexibility of the ecosystem accounting concept, which consists of the possibility of forming ecosystem accounts according to the specifics of the countryʼs natural capital, taking international principles as a basis, will allow for an objective assessment of the national wealth and ensure its restoration, rational distribution and accumulation.

Purpose.To characterize the productive and biological features of the first generation crossbreed carp from the crossbreeding of Antoniny-Zozulenets, Galician and Lyubin inbred types of Ukrainian framed and scaly breeds adapted to cultivation in the conditions of Polissiya. Methodology. The study was conducted at the Lviv Research Station of the Institute of Fisheries of the National Academy of Sciences. The material for the study was crossbred age-0+ and age-1 carps obtained from brood Lyubin (LSC), Galician (GFC) and Antoniny-Zozulenets carps obtained by natural spawning in ponds, according to the following scheme: ♀LSC×♂LSC; ♀LSC×♂AZFC; ♀AZSC×♂LSC; ♀AZFC×♂GFC. The brood stock was kept according to the instructions in the carp breeding. Studies of productive and biological parameters were carried out according to the common methods in fish farming and ichthyology. The heterosis effect for the main productive parameters was calculated by the excess of the corresponding parameter in the crossbreed group over the parameter of the original maternal line. Feeding of age-0+ fish was carried out with ground grain starting from the second decade of July. Winter hardiness of crossbred and pure lines was evaluated by absolute and relative loss of body weight and survival rate. The data obtained in the experiments was subjected to statistical processing in MS Excel (2016). The criteria for the analysis of parameters were their average value and standard error (M±m). Findings. The study showed that the survival rate of purebred age-0+ carps was 52.4%, with an average weight of 26.79±1.83 g. The yield of crossbred age-0+ fish grown in nursery ponds was 51.3%, but their average weight was the highest — 33.97±4.49 g. The yield of age-0+ fish obtained from crossing ♀AZFC×♂GFC grown in concrete ponds was 55.4% and was the highest among all experimental groups. The survival rate of age-0+ fish obtained from crossing ♀AZSC×♂LSC was 53.1%. The individual average weights of age-10+ carps grown in concrete ponds were close and amounted to 15.39±2.01 and 16.45±1.30 g, respectively, according to the experimental groups. Fish productivity in concrete ponds was 255.8 and 261.9 kg/ha. The analysis of wintering showed that the yield from the wintering of age-1 LSC and cross-breeding group ♀LSC×♂AZFC was 81.7% and 76.0%, with higher values of the yield of purebred scaly age-1 fish. At the same time, they also had a lower rate, almost 2% weight loss during the winter — 8.9% versus 10.8% in crossbred framed age-1 fish. Age-1 fish of crossbred groups, which were obtained from Antoniny-Zozulenetsk carp females, had a survival rate of 51.3–55.5% with a weight loss of 12.9–13.1%. Originality. For the first time, the advantages and biological parameters of crossbred groups and individual types of carp from the combination of different structural units, namely Antoniny-Zozulenetsk, Lyubin and Galician inbred types of carps were obtained and studied. Therefore, scientific studies aimed at finding optimal combinations of productive traits of carp, by crossing fish of various structural units not only with desired traits, but also with maximally different genetic characteristics, is particularly important. Practical Value. The obtained results demonstrate the effectiveness of the use of industrial crossing in modern fish farming practice. Taking into account the belonging of each inbred type to ecological and geographical conditions, when crossing breeds of different geographical origins, an increase in the effect of heterosis is observed. Industrial hybridization and its high efficiency in pond fish farming due to the use of heterosis plays an important role in increasing the fish productivity of pond farms.

The article examines the process of formation and development of the concept of marketing management in modern conditions, taking into account the European experience. The implementation of marketing management at enterprises is presented in the context of the development of modern client-oriented tools, which allows to optimally take into account the various interests of all market participants and achieve economic and social benefits from economic activity at the same time. On the basis of the presented scientific generalization, the main stages of the evolution of the formation and development of marketing management concepts in the leading economically developed countries are determined. In the proposed system, each of the identified stages reflects the evolution of marketing management concepts, where the focus gradually shifts from the product and sales (marketing) to the emphasis on the consumer, relationships and the use of modern information and digital technologies. The presented separate scientific definitions of the concept of «marketing management» by leading foreign scientists made it possible to state that marketing management is a complex and multifaceted process that is the key to the success of an enterprise on the market. It is justified that the current state of research on marketing management issues in Europe is determined by active scientific research in the field of digital marketing, sustainable development, interaction with customers, data analysis, technological innovations and strategic management of marketing processes. The modern trends and directions of the development of the concept of marketing management in Europe are summarized, among which the following are highlighted: digital marketing, marketing of sustainable development (sustainable marketing), customer interaction and CRM, marketing research and analytics, technological innovations and the Internet of things (IoT), consumer behavior and marketing psychology, international marketing, marketing management in e-commerce, etc. Examples of the use of marketing management tools in leading European companies are presented. Actual problems of development of marketing management in the future are identified.

A certain number of urban overpasses in Ukraine were built in the 1950s and 1960s with short spans and a large number of intermediate piers (e.g., Beresteyskyi overpass in Kyiv). The presence of intermediate piers on the roadway creates an emergency situation due to the disappearing lane before entering the structure on both sides, which leads to the accumulation of cars during rush hour. Such overpasses require reconstruction, which should include a reduction in the number of intermediate piers. As part of pre-design surveys during the reconstruction or construction of new overpasses, it is advisable to conduct laser scanning of the surrounding area to ensure the most accurate reflection of the existing infrastructure, harmonious interaction of the structure with the terrain, optimization of earthworks and use of construction materials. The use of laser scanning is a modern way to control construction and is in demand around the world. Introduction. This article reveals the need to reconstruct urban overpasses with a large number of intermediate piers to avoid the formation of accident-prone areas at the entrances to the structure. Urban bridges and overpasses require a special approach to their design and construction, as in these conditions it is recommended to take into account the aesthetic component, which includes architecturally expressive design solutions. The article presents proposals for the design of such an overpass using laser 3D scanning, which allows for a more detailed study of the design site and simplifies the control of construction work.

By encouraging businesses to report on sustainable development, information about the impact of companies' activities on the environment is becoming increasingly available to all stakeholders. Given that the integrated report contains more qualitative and quantitative, subjective and prospective information about the company's values, traditional approaches used during the audit of financial statements may not provide adequate assurance about the reliability of the integrated report data. The article aims to reveal the conceptual foundations of providing integrated reporting assurance by analyzing the development of regulatory support for this process. The features and advantages of the integrated reporting assurance were disclosed. It was revealed that the main factor in developing the concept of providing integrated reporting assurance is the standardization processes of such a service, both at the international and national levels. The authors conducted a detailed review of the standards used by assurance providers for integrated reporting/sustainable development reporting. The primary standards in this area are AA1000AS and ISAE 3000, and from 2024, ISAE 3000 will be replaced by ISSA 5000. The article also described two types of assurance the auditor could obtain during the audit of integrated reporting. The study results indicate different forms of assurance regarding integrated reporting based on the list of providers performing the verification and the standards they use. Based on applying analogy and abstract thinking, the authors outlined the necessary steps to introduce the concept of integrated reporting assurance in Ukraine. The results of this study support the findings of other researchers that the institutional environment in a country has a decisive influence on the adoption of integrated reporting and the need for its assurance.

Tick-borne relapsing fever group borreliae (TBRFGB) are spirochetes that cause disease in humans and animals. Little is known about the prevalence of TBRFGB infections in ticks and humans in Kazakhstan. A total of 846 ticks belonging to ten species of the family Ixodidae and three species of the family Argasidae were collected from the vegetation, poultry shelters, domestic ruminants, bitten humans, pigeons, dogs and house walls in four oblasts of the southern and southeastern regions of Kazakhstan. The ticks were subjected to DNA extraction and identification of TBRFGB by conventional PCR using primers targeting flagella subunit B (flaB), glycerophosphodiester phosphodiesterase (glpQ) and P66 porin (P66) genes. The overall infection rate of TBRFGB in the ticks was 6.2 % (46/846). TBRFGB DNA was identified in Ixodes persulcatus (5.5 %; 26/477), Ornithodoros tartakovskyi (6 %; 2/36) and Argas persicus (13.4 %; 18/134) ticks. Partial sequencing of flaB, glpQ and P66 genes identified Borrelia miyamotoi in I. persulcatus and Borrelia anserina in A. persicus. To detect the presence of B. miyamotoi infection in people in the study region, we performed serological analysis of samples collected from 42 patients admitted to hospital with fever of unknown etiology or with a history of a tick bite. The analysis revealed IgM and IgG antibodies against one or several B. miyamotoi antigens in 10 % and 5 % of patients, respectively. The data obtained provide strong evidence of the presence of B. miyamotoi and B. anserina in the southern and southeastern regions of Kazakhstan, underscoring the need for increased awareness of potential infections caused by these borreliae in these regions.

Aim. The aim of the work is to draw attention to the symptoms associated with Tourette syndrome and to examine the association with comorbid diseases. Materials and methods. A review of the scientific literature on Tourette syndrome (TS) was conducted using the following Keywords “tics”, “Tourette syndrome”, “Tourette obsessive-compulsive disorder, TOCD”, “obsessive-compulsive disorder, OCD”, “attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, ADHD” using PubMed, MEDLINE, EMBASE as search engines. Taking into account studies conducted in the last 10 years, the abstracts of 275 articles were analyzed. Articles were selected for the study based on the criterion of their close relevance to the topic. The study results covered in 49 articles were examined in more detail. A description of a TOCD clinical case was prepared from primary medical documentation with parental informed consent. Results. The prevalence of TS is quite variable, depends on epidemiological research methods and ranges from 0.3 % to 1.0 % worldwide. Given the methodological limitations of most studies, the actual prevalence may be 10 times higher. TS is a progressive disease and is characterized by regular stages. Tourette syndrome-plus is distinguished, including autoaggressive actions besides the basic symptoms of OCD and ADHD. The etiology of TS is still being studied. In particular, the impact of environmental factors is considered: infection or inflammation, perinatal complications and chronic psychosocial stress in childhood. In 70–80 % of cases, TS is a hereditary disorder, making it one of the most heritable childhood-onset neuropsychiatric diseases. Various approaches have been applied to assess the genetic architecture of TS, including candidate gene studies, segregation analysis, linkage analysis, cytogenetics, copy number variants (CNV), rare variation studies, genome-wide association studies (GWAS), and whole exome sequencing (WES). Currently, there is no specific laboratory or genetic test for TS diagnosis. Pharmacological treatments are available but often ineffective; behavioral and surgical treatments are under development. The clinical case of TS in a 10-year-old boy is described with an onset at the age of 7 years following frequent infections, manifested as cephalocaudal motor tics and several vocal tics (coprolalia, echolalia) with a progression to obsessive-compulsive behavior (mysophobia, compulsive skin picking, self-hitting, self-biting, repetitive compulsions). The presented clinical case is of great interest from the viewpoint of somewhat belated diagnosis of TOCD syndrome, as well as indicates the need to continue the search for effective methods of diagnosis and treatment. Conclusions. The case of comorbid OCD and tic disorder is a unique endophenotype combining externalized disinhibited TS movements in parallel with internalized distress reminiscent of OCD. Clinicians should consider these features when choosing treatment methods.

The paper deals with memory, identity, and belonging issues in the autobiographical novel Warm Arctic Nights by a distinguished Ukrainian American writer, Yuriy Tarnawsky. The novel shares the story of a youth whose life was disrupted by the turmoil of World War II in the Polish-Ukrainian borderlands. The analysis aims to establish a connection between identity formation through narration and changing functions of the borders, from reliable and well-protected toward violated and porous ones. Thus, the novel is re-read through the analytical lenses of identity and border poetics. The analysis stems from the concepts of “biographical me” and “identity set” suggested by Neil MacKinnon and David Heise (2010). The paper revises the personal and collective identities of the protagonist, images of Others, and topographical, symbolic, and epistemological borders inside and outside the text. The author of the paper places Ukrainian migrants’ experience of trauma, loss, and displacement into a broader context of border crossings in times of war.

The article provides the results of the use of dried Origanum vulgare mass as an additional component of bedding material in chickens of the Hubbard Redbro M meat-and-egg cross. Origanum vulgare dried mass was added at the rate of 0.5 kg per experimental group daily from the age of 45 days after the transfer of chickens to floor management. The number of heads for each group was 35. The live weight advantage at the age of 2 months of the experimental group of chickens over the control group is 102.5 g, at 75 days of age is 216.5 g, at 90 days of age is 326.0 g and at the age of 105 days is 403.0 g. The SBA increased at the background of the S. aureus test culture: there was a significant suppression of colonies in the first five hours of exposure, and at the background of the E. coli test culture there was a suppression throughout the entire study period. The intensification of metabolic processes was noted in chickens of the experimental group, due to increased protein metabolism, liver and kidney enzymes of blood serum, which was also associated with an increased concentration of thyroid hormones. All these factors made it possible to raise significantly the gain in live weight by an average of 0.11 kg, which increased the slaughter weight by 8.4 %. Almost all indicators of the development of internal organs in chickens of group II are within significant limits of the difference compared with the control group.

У статті проаналізовано поняття обставини, що пом’якшують відповідальність винної особи та враховуються судом під час реалізації процедури відновного правосуддя. З’ясовано зміст обставини, що пом’якшує відповідальність винної особи, а саме відшкодування завданого збитку та заподіяної шкоди, яка у процесі звільнення особи від кримінальної відповідальності виступає головною передумовою звільнення, передбаченого ст. 46 КК України. Констатовано, що добровільна дія винного пов’язана з відшкодуванням завданого збитку та заподіяної шкоди є не тільки обставиною, що пом’якшує покарання, але й передумовою звільнення від кримінальної відповідальності у порядку примирення винного з потерпілим. Здійснено порівняльно-правовий аналіз національного та зарубіжного кримінальних законодавств, що регламентують застосування обставин, що пом’якшують покарання та відповідальність, що дозволило виявити спільні та відмінні риси особливостей врахування судом пом’якшувальних обставин, як при звільненні від покарання так і при звільненні від кримінальної відповідальності. Запропоновано авторський підхід, щодо врахування такої обставини, що пом’якшує покарання, як добровільне відшкодування завданого збитку або усунення заподіяної шкоди при застосуванні до засудженого звільнення від покарання у порядку ст. 81 та 82 КК України. Разом з тим, зроблено наголос на тому, що КК України не містить вичерпного переліку обставин, що пом’якшують та обтяжують кримінальну відповідальність, необхідним вважається здійснення чіткого розмежування пом’якшувальних та обтяжуючих обставин, що використовуються для індивідуалізації покарання та диференціації кримінальної відповідальності. Встановлено, що за своєю правовою природою обставини, що пом’якшують та обтяжують покарання, потрібно відрізняти від передбачених Особливою частиною КК України однойменних (схожих) ознак основних, привілейованих та кваліфікованих складів кримінального правопорушення.

The purpose of the study is to analyze the research literature deals with the use of electronic documents in the formation of archival collections of personal origin, published abroad. The research methodology is based on the systematic and combined use of scientific principles and methods. The research applied the principles of historicism, objectivity, systematicity, comprehensiveness, as well as the methods of bibliographic heuristics, analysis and synthesis, comparison and generalization, which made it possible to identify a range of scientific works, the authors of which touch on the problem of using electronic documents in the formation of collections of personal origin, and analyze their content. The scientific novelty consists in the analysis of scientific literature devoted to the use of documents of personal origin in electronic form during the formation of personal archival collections. Understanding the impact of digitalization, which is currently taking place in almost all spheres of human activity, questions arise regarding the formation, preservation and use of personal documents in electronic form, and the growing risk of their loss. In this matter, the experience of foreign researchers is valuable for developing effective approaches to further strategy. Conclusions. First of all, it is expedient to select certain groups of collections’ founders according to the field of activity and to develop practical recommendations for them on the formation of personal documents in electronic form even at the stage of personal archives. Secondly, it makes sense when describing documents of a significant volume with a fairly simple value examination (video files, photos), to transfer them to IT specialists. And more diverse documents (scientific articles, musical works, correspondence, etc.) should first be handed over to the archivists. Thirdly, copyright issues need to be refined and the necessary methodology developed.

Background: Chronic tick-borne encephalitis is a rare and not fully understood pathology in which the body is not able to completely get rid of the virus. The virus remains in the nervous system mainly in the motor structures, supporting the degenerative-inflammatory process in them. Clinical case description: A clinical case of a chronic form of tick-borne encephalitis, steadily progressing, in a young man with a completely intact cognitive sphere is described. Damage to the motor nuclei of the trunk, motoneurons of the anterior horns of the spinal cord led to gross bulbar disorders, severe diffuse muscle atrophy with difficulty in independent movement. Conclusion: The above observation of the amyotrophic form of tick-borne encephalitis reflects the remitting-progressive nature of the course for 1.5 years.

Illegal logging leads to the destruction of a significant area of forests, which have economic and socio-ecological value, as an integral part of the country's natural capital. One of the ways to reduce illegal logging and control the use of forest resources is properly organized accounting, particularly e-accounting. The article aims to reveal the methods of e-accounting of wood products of forestry in Ukraine to prevent illegal logging, as well as to determine ways to improve it. Investigating the problems of e-accounting of wood products, the authors use abstract thinking, analysis, and synthesis to summarize the essential connections between forestry management issues and accounting methods. Empirical evidence in the study is data from the State Forest Resources Agency of Ukraine and the State Statistics Service of Ukraine. An analysis of the proposals of foreign scientists was carried out using the methods of analogy, comparison, systematization and generalization to determine ways to improve the e-accounting of wood products in Ukraine. The dynamics of illegal logging of wood was analyzed. Methods of e-accounting of wood products in Ukraine were disclosed. It was found that currently, e-accounting of wood products cannot be called systematic because it does not cover forest resources of wood origin at the root, by-products, by-products from wood, and all products of non-wood origin. Based on the analysis of the results presented in foreign publications, the key directions of the improvement of the e-accounting system in the forestry of Ukraine were determined: methodological (improvement of methods of collection, analysis and evaluation of accounting/management information); informational (expansion of data sources, in particular through more active use in the accounting of the natural meter); technological (implementation of innovative forest monitoring technologies and integrated decision support systems). It is vital to combine e-accounting of wood products with other components (various types of reporting, forest health monitoring data, cost accounting for the restoration and protection of forest areas, assessment of forest sustainability, etc.) to form an integrated forestry management system, the implementation of which will contribute to solving the problems of climate change.

Abstract Background A limited number of studies have described thrombotic complications in pregnant women with COVID-19. Here we report on fatal pulmonary embolism in a pregnant woman with laboratory confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection. Case presentation A 28-year-old Kazakh woman was hospitalized with muscle pain, dry cough and a temperature of 37.5 °C at the 29th week of gestation. Upon admission, a blood test demonstrated elevated neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, decreased levels of erythrocytes and hemoglobin, as well as prolonged prothrombin and activated partial thromboplastin time. Within 14 days of admission, she experienced respiratory distress and underwent transfer to the intensive care unit, intubation and a cesarean section. The patient received intravenous antibiotics, antiviral medications, systemic corticosteroids and dual anticoagulation with aspirin and enoxaparin. Death outcome was reported on day 18 of illness despite aggressive supportive care. Histological analysis demonstrated that obstruction of the main pulmonary arthery and disseminated intravascular coagulation were the causes of death. Conclusions This case demonstrates that in the management of pregnancy and childbirth in patients with suspected or confirmed COVID-19 infection, special attention should be paid to coagulation system parameters and timely appropriate prophylaxis of thromboembolic complications, which has yet to be determined.

Topicality. Accelerated metabolism in Graves' disease causes the development of oxidative stress, which significantly affects the clinical course and treatment results. Purpose. This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of treatment with thyrosol and thyrosol in combination with antioxidants, in particular vitamins C and E, on indicators of thyroid hormone function (thyroid-stimulating hormone and thyroxine) and oxidative stress (malondialdehyde and total antioxidant capacity). Material and method. The clinical study was performed on 41 patients with newly diagnosed Graves' disease of moderate severity, aged from 21 to 43 years, who were divided into two groups. The control group consisted of 19 patients who received thyrosol for treatment. The main group included 22 patients who were treated with thyrosol in combination with vitamins C and E. Examinations were carried out upon inclusion in the program and one and two months after the start of treatment. Results. The conducted studies showed that in the course of treatment, the indicators of malic dialdehyde gradually decreased from 21.3±0.4 (17.3–29.2) to 10.31±0.1 (9.72–10.82) and thyroxine from 37.7±0.5 (31.2–42.7) to 15.31±0.2 (13.20–20.52) and the total antioxidant capacity increased from 0.69±0.04 (0.52–0.79) to 1.58±0.1 (1.48–1.61), thyroid-stimulating hormone from 0.01±0.004 (0.07–0.001) to 2.31±0.1 (0.90–3.52). These changes were more pronounced in the main group compared to the control group during the study one month and two months after the start of treatment. Conclusions. Thus, antioxidant supplements can be used to improve thyroid function in hyperthyroid patients by enhancing antioxidants and restoring the oxidant-antioxidant balance.

Assumptions about the absence of a future in the accounting profession in the era of digitalization determine the need to assess the fundamental guidelines for its further development. The institutional theory considers accounting as an important socio-economic institute and the accountant as an informal carrier of this financial institution. Today, in practice, accounting occupies an important place not only in managing economic entities but also in adopting state decisions and decisions on the capital market. The article's purpose is to deeply investigate the phenomenon of the institute of professional accountants, the historical prerequisites of its formation and, most importantly, its influence on the future of the accounting profession. The results of the study show that an accountant can be considered a representative of the profession (institute) if he possesses knowledge, skills and adheres to professional ethics. A clear observance of these qualities is formed as the economy develops and reaches its heyday only with the formation of the professional accounting movement. The article also analyzes the history of the formation of accounting professional organizations. It was revealed that today the formation of such organizations takes place under the supervision and control of the state. Although accounting professional organizations have a national identity, their development is determined by factors of globalization. Formally, the "institute of accountants" is always present everywhere in the broader consideration of the accounting phenomenon. "Institute of accountants" and "institute of professional accountants" differ in their internal and external content maturity. For most countries, including Ukraine, the development of the institute of professional accountants is based on borrowing the "rules of the game" and organizational practices from more developed countries. Institutional paradigm and theory create fundamental guidelines for substantiating the development of accounting and the accounting profession.

In 2021, the Royal Alberta Museum acquired a collection of artifacts and materials related to Kananaskis Internment Camp (also known as Seebe Camp) that belonged to Lieutenant-Colonel Hugh de Norban [...]

The increase in the number of cell cultures for virology and biotechnology enhances the chances of a successful response to threats related to outbreaks of well-known and new human infectious diseases. It is a vital task to search for cell cultures sensitive to a wide spectrum of viruses.The aim of the study was to investigate the sensitivity of new diploid animal cell cultures (fibroblasts of a foetal pig’s kidneys and larynx) to Coxsackievirus B5 (CVB5) and Herpes simplex virus-1 (HSV-1).Materials and methods. The cultures of porcine foetal kidney fibroblasts (PFKF) and porcine foetal larynx fibroblasts (PFLF) were derived from a foetus of a healthy pig by mild trypsinisation. The study determined the sensitivity of these new PFKF and PFLF cultures to the above-mentioned viruses by the cytopathic effect (CPE) expressed as a percentage. The infectious activity of CVB5 was studied using real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) with the determination of amplification cycle threshold values (Ct); that of HSV-1 was studied using quantitative titration of the virus-containing liquid (VCL). Infectious activity values were expressed as tissue culture 50% infective doses (TCID50).Results. The authors developed diploid PFKF and PFLF cell cultures. PFKF cells demonstrated high sensitivity to CVB5, with a CPE of 87.5±3.3% after passage 3 and a satisfactory concentration of enterovirus RNA in the VCL of 22–24 Ct . The sensitivity of PFKF cells to HSV-1 corresponded to a CPE of 92.1±5.5%. In these cells, the infectious activity of HSV-1 corresponded to 104.25 TCID50/0.2 mL. The experiments with PFLF cells showed low CPE and infectious activity values for both viruses.Conclusions. The study demonstrated high CPE values with the CVB5 (CB5-8100) and HSV-1 (HSV-1/L-2) strains as examples and confirmed the sensitivity of the new diploid PFKF cell culture to these test viruses. Thus, the PFKF cell culture offers potential applications in virology and biotechnology and may be a candidate for testing other strains of CVB5 and HSV-1.

The growing risks of financing terrorism in the conditions of martial law necessitates the strengthening of financial monitoring. Accountants, business entities providing accounting services, and their related entities of audit activities are among the specially defined subjects of primary financial monitoring. Determining the level of riskiness of financial transactions is an essential function of an accountant. It, therefore, requires measures to increase the general and special competence of accounting specialists in financial monitoring. The article aims to determine the approaches and directions of regulatory and methodical support of financial monitoring of accountants as specially defined subjects following international standards. The requirements of FATF international standards and the national regulation system of specially defined professions regarding the fulfillment of financial monitoring requirements were analyzed. Special attention is paid to studying the risk-oriented approach in the financial monitoring system. A comparison was made of the results of sectoral risk assessments regarding the use by subjects of primary financial monitoring for money laundering according to the National risk assessments. The dynamics of the number of individual entrepreneurs who provide accounting services and are registered with the State Financial Monitoring Service of Ukraine were evaluated. With the help of the Google Trends search tool, the results of national risk assessments and the level of interest in financial monitoring carried out by accountants in different countries were evaluated. An example of a risk matrix of client-accounting service combinations was presented, which can be developed based on a risk analysis of the experience and activities of an individual accountant. It was noted that the dilemma of the choice of accountants between the interests of the client and the requirements of financial monitoring is related to the professional judgment of accounting specialists and their increased functional responsibility within the limits of current legislation and international standards.