Search

Your search keyword '"Ouin A."' showing total 429 results
Start Over Author "Ouin A."
429 results on '"Ouin A."'

2. Poststroke action slowing: Motor and attentional impairments and their imaging determinants. Evidence from lesion-symptom mapping, disconnection and fMRI activation studies

Author

Elisa Ouin, Martine Roussel, Ardalan Aarabi, Audrey Courselle-Arnoux, Sophie Tasseel-Ponche, Michel Thiebaut de Schotten, and Olivier Godefroy

Subjects
Specialties of internal medicine, RC581-951, Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry, RC321-571
Abstract

Introduction: Although action slowing is the main cognitive impairment in stroke survivors, its mechanisms and determinants are still poorly understood.The objectives of the present study were to determine the mechanisms of post-stroke action slowing using validated simple tests and identify its imaging determinants using mLSM. Methods: Action speed in the GRECogVASC cohort was assessed using finger tapping and SRT tests performed with both hands and analyzed using previously validated indices. Imaging determinants were identified using validated mLSM analyses and disconnection analysis and compared to those of an fMRI activation meta-analytic database. Results: Both the tapping time and SRT were 10.7% slower for the 394 patients (p = 0.0001) than for the 786 controls, without a group × test interaction (p = 0.2). The intra-individual distribution curve was characterized by a rightward shift with an unaltered attentional peak. The mLSM analyses showed tapping to be associated with lesions in the frontostriatal tract (p = 0.0007). The SRT was associated with lesions in the frontostriatal tract (p = 0.04) and the orbital part of F3 (p = 0.0001). The SRT-tapping index was associated with lesions in the orbital part of F3 (p = 0.0001). All lesions were located in the right hemisphere only and were responsible for the disconnection of several structures involved in motor preparation, initiation, and speed. A comparison with fMRI activation meta-analytic data highlighted mostly the same regions, including the orbital part of F3, the ventral and dorsal parts of F1, and the premotor and cingulate regions in the right hemisphere. Discussion: Our results confirm the marked impairment of action speed in stroke and show that the primary mechanism is motor slowing and that it is related to lesions in the right frontostriatal tract. A deficit in sustained alertness accounted for action slowing in the subgroup with lesions in the right orbital part of F3. Our SRT and mLSM results were in accordance with the fMRI activation data. Thus, stroke induces slowing in the broad network associated with SRT tasks by disrupting the frontostriatal tract and, to a lesser extent, other sites involved in attention.

Published
2024
Full Text
View/download PDF

4. Successful Thrombectomy Improves Functional Outcome in Tandem Occlusions with a Large Ischemic Core

Author

Lapergue, Bertrand, Wang, Adrien, Consoli, Arturo, Coskun, Oguzhan, Maria, Federico Di, Pizzuto, Silvia, Sgreccia, Alessandro, Benoit, Charline, Gorza, Lucas, Weisenburger-Lile, David, Jabeur, Waliyde, Maia, Tchikviladze, Evrard, Serge, Rodesch, Georges, Blanc, Raphaël, Obadia, Michael, Desilles, Jean-Philippe, Piotin, Michel, Seners, Pierre, Smajda, Stanislas, Escalard, Simon, Maier, Benjamin, Sabben, Candice, Redjem, Hocine, Mikaelmazhigi, Adwan, Grace, Delvoye, François, Raaisi, Amira Al, Boisseau, William, Eker, Omer, Cho, Tae-Hee, Derex, Laurent, Fontaine, Julia, Mechtouff, Laura, Nighoghossian, Norbert, Ong, Elodie, Rascle, Lucie, Riva, Roberto, Turjman, Françis, Laubacher, Morgane, Beyragued, Mehdi, Berthezene, Yves, Hermier, Marc, Roxanna, Ameli, Bani-Sadr, Alexandre, Filip, Andrea, Cappucci, Matteo, Bourcier, Romain, Duport, Benjamin Daumas, Alexandre, Pierre Louis, Lenoble, Cédric, Hubertdesal, Gaalon, Solène De, Guillon, Benoît, Preterre, Cécile, Tessier, Guillaume, Lionnet, Arthur, Gory, Benjamin, Humbertjean-Selton, Lisa, Anxionnat, René, Derelle, Anne-Laure, Liao, Liang, Schmitt, Emmanuelle, Planel, Sophie, Richard, Sébastien, Mione, Gioia, Lacour, Jean-Christophe, Douarinou, Marian, Micard, Emilien, Chen, Bailiang, Audibert, Gérard, Masson, Agnès, Alb, Lionel, Beaumont, Marine, Tabarna, Adriana, Voicu, Marcela, Barthel, Grégoire, Podar, Iona, Brezeanu, Madalina, Reitter, Marie, Zhu, François, Marnat, Gaultier, Liegey, Jean-Sébastien, Briau, Pierre, Papillon, Lisa, Sibon, Igor, Barreau, Xavier, Papaxanthos, Jean, Berge, Jérome, Debruxelles, Sabrina, Olindo, Stephane, Poli, Mathilde, Renou, Pauline, Sagnier, Sharmila, Tourdias, Thomas, Courret, Thomas, Lucas, Ludovic, Milnerowicz, Malgorzata, Dargazanli, Cyril, Costalat, Vincent, Mourand, Isabelle, Arquizan, Caroline, Corti, Lucas, Adrien, Schiphorst, Ter, Federico, Cagnazzo, Derraz, Imad, Mahmoudi, Mehdi, Lefevre, Pierre-Henri, Gascou, Grégory, Spelle, Laurent, Caroff, Jildaz, Denier, Christian, Chalumeau, Vanessa, Mihalea, Cristian, Nicolaslegris, Ozanne, Augustin, Ikka, Leon, Chassin, Olivier, Gallas, Sophie, Venditti, Laura, Marianasarov, Cortese, Jonathan, Ferre, Jean-Christophe, Vannier, Stephane, Ronziere, Thomas, Veronica Lassalle, Maria, Gauvrit, Jean-Yves, Tracol, Clément, Boustia, Abdelghani Fakhreddine, Malrain, Cécile, Beaufreton, Edouard, Lapotre, Thibault, Alias, Quentin, Hissier, Julien, Guillen, Maud, Eugene, François, Chivot, Cyril, Courselle, Audrey, Ouin, Elisa, Lamy, Chantal, Delaforge, Kevin, Fernandez, Manuel, Vial, Jérémie, Laferte, Quentin, Desdoit, Xavier, Timsit, Serge, Jourdain, Aurore, Gentric, Jean-Christophe, Ognard, Julien, Viakhireva, Irina, Coris, Jordan, Prud'hon, Sabine, Merrien, François-Mathias, Marechal, Denis, Bruguet, Marie, Rousseau, Pierre Yves, Goas, Philippe, Boulanger, Marion, Touze, Emmanuel, Vivien, Denis, Barbier, Charlotte, Schneckenburger, Romain, Salaris, Fabrizio, Cogez, Julien, Guettier, Sophie, Porte, Estelle La, Bouchart, Jean, Mounayer, Charbel, Rouchaud, Aymeric, Saleme, Suzana, Forestier, Géraud, Clarencon, Frédéric, Rosso, Charlotte, Leder, Sara, Baronnet, Flore, Crozier, Sophie, Leger, Anne, Premat, Kevin, Eimad, Shotar, Lenck, Stéphanie, Sourour, Nader, Bottin, Laure, Ghazanfari, Sam, Yger, Marion, Alamowitch, Sonia, Delorme, Stephen, Wittwer, Aymeric, Vassilev, Christine, Naggara, Olivier, Turc, Guillaume, Hassen, Wagih Ben, Kerleroux, Basile, Trystram, Denis, Rodriguez-Regent, Christine, Ozkul-Wermester, Ozlem, Papagiannaki, Chrysanthi, Massardier, Evelyne, Triquenot, Aude, Lefebvre, Margaux, Burel, Julien, Viguier, Alain, Cognard, Christophe, Januel, Anne Christine, Albucher, Jean-François, Calviere, Lionel, Olivot, Jean-Marc, Darcourt, Jean, Raposo, Nicolas, Bonneville, Fabrice, Bellanger, Guillaume, Fontaine, Louis, Tall, Philippe, Thalamas, Claire, Geerearts, Thomas, Grepon, Antoine Faurie, Bourdain, Frédéric, Bernady, Patricia, Ballan, Guillaume, Bannier, Stéphanie, Ellie, Emmanuel, Flabeau, Olivier, Potenza, Julia, Soulages, Antoine, Lagoarde-Segot, Laurent, Cailliez, Hélène, Veunac, Louis, Higue, David, Lebras, Anthony, Adam, Sarah, Pegat, Benoit, Guen, Arnaud Le, Chedeville, François, Jouan, Jérémy, Demasles, Stéphanie, Richter, Johann Sebastian, Thierry Barroso, Bruno, Dahan, Camille, Gonnet, Alexis, Hubrecht, Régis, Lepine, Zoé, Castagnet, Hélène, Marasescu, Raluca, Heck, Olivier, Cuisenier, Pauline, Detante, Olivier, Wiki, Isabelle Favre, Bonaz, Clémentine, Garambois, Katia, Legris, Loic, Kastler, Adrian, Boubagra, Kamel, Berthet, Corentin, Charara, Stéphane, Wolff, Valérie, Pop, Raoul, Quenardelle, Véronique, Lauer, Valérie, Pierre-Paul, Irène, Roxanagheoca, Trzeciak, Malwina, Moulin, Solène, Tuan, Hua Vi, Pagano, Paolo, Doucet, Alexandre, Gelmini, Christophe, Manceau, Pierrefrançois, Paiusan, Laurentiu, Serre, Isabelle, Soize, Sébastien, Phuong Nguyen, Thi Ngoc, Sahnoun, Maher, Caucheteux, Nathalie, Ferrier, Anna, Zerroug, Abderrahim, Moreno, Ricardo, Chabert, Emmanuel, Lteif, Elie, Paulineparis, Bourgois, Nathalie, Raquin, Marie, Pasco-Papon, Anne, Girot, Jean Baptiste, Lecluse, Alderic, Godard, Sophie, L'allinec, Vincent, Janot, Kevin, Bibi, Richard, Gaudron, Marie, Bretonniere, Arnaud, Annan, Mariam, Ifergan, Héloïse, Boulouis, Grégoire, Pasi, Marco, Debiais, Séverine, Molinier, Elisabeth, Wietrich, Anthony, Ruche, Valérie, Lavandier, Karine, Bejot, Yannick, Lemogne, Brivale, Ricolfi, Fédéric, Baptiste, Laura, Thouant, Pierre, Duloquin, Gaulthier, Olivier Comby, Pierre, Charbonnier, Guillaume, Bonnet, Louise, Raybaud, Nicolas, Bouamra, Benjamin, Moulin, Thierry, Biondi, Alessandra, Finitsis, Stephanos, and Mazighi, Mikael

Published
2023
Full Text
View/download PDF

5. Elderly CADASIL patients with intact neurological status

Author

Ruiting Zhang, Elisa Ouin, Lina Grosset, Karine Ighilkrim, Jessica Lebenberg, Stéphanie Guey, Véronique François, Elisabeth Tournier-Lasserve, Eric Jouvent, and Hugues Chabriat

Subjects
cadasil, cerebral small vessel diseases, magnetic resonance imaging, aging, mutation, Diseases of the circulatory (Cardiovascular) system, RC666-701
Abstract

Background and Purpose Cerebral autosomal dominant arteriopathy with subcortical infarcts and leukoencephalopathy (CADASIL) is one of the most devastating cerebral small vessel diseases. However, despite its progression with aging, some patients remain neurologically intact (Nint) even when they get older. Their main characteristics are poorly known. We aimed to delineate their clinical, imaging, and molecular features. Methods Individuals aged over 65 years were selected from a cohort of 472 CADASIL patients. Subjects who had no focal deficit, cognitive impairment, or disability were considered Nint. Their demographic, genetic, clinical, and imaging features were compared to those with permanent neurological symptoms (Nps). Results Among 129 patients, 23 (17.8%) individuals were considered Nint. The frequency of vascular risk factors and NOTCH3 cysteine mutations in epidermal growth factor-like repeat (EGFr) domains 7-34 did not differ between Nint and Nps patients but Nint patients had less stroke events and were more likely to have migraine with aura. The number of lacunes and microbleeds and degree of brain atrophy were lower in the Nint group, but the volume of white matter hyperintensities did not differ between the two groups. Conclusions Nearly one in five CADASIL patients can remain Nint after the age of 65 years. Their clinical and imaging profile differed from that of other age-matched CADASIL patients. The location of NOTCH3 mutation inside or outside EGFr domains 1-6 cannot fully explain this discrepancy. The factors involved in their relative preservation of brain tissue from severe damage despite aging remain to be determined.

Published
2022
Full Text
View/download PDF

8. Crop and landscape heterogeneity increase biodiversity in agricultural landscapes: A global review and meta‐analysis

Author

Priyadarshana, Tharaka S., primary, Martin, Emily A., additional, Sirami, Clélia, additional, Woodcock, Ben A., additional, Goodale, Eben, additional, Martínez‐Núñez, Carlos, additional, Lee, Myung‐Bok, additional, Pagani‐Núñez, Emilio, additional, Raderschall, Chloé A., additional, Brotons, Lluís, additional, Rege, Anushka, additional, Ouin, Annie, additional, Tscharntke, Teja, additional, and Slade, Eleanor M., additional

Published
2024
Full Text
View/download PDF

9. Crop and landscape heterogeneity increase biodiversity in agricultural landscapes: a global review and meta‐analysis

Author

Priyadarshana, Tharaka S., Martin, Emily A., Sirami, Clélia, Woodcock, Ben A., Goodale, Eben, Martínez‐Núñez, Carlos, Lee, Myung‐Bok, Pagani‐Núñez, Emilio, Raderschall, Chloé A., Brotons, Lluís, Rege, Anushka, Ouin, Annie, Tscharntke, Teja, Slade, Eleanor M., Priyadarshana, Tharaka S., Martin, Emily A., Sirami, Clélia, Woodcock, Ben A., Goodale, Eben, Martínez‐Núñez, Carlos, Lee, Myung‐Bok, Pagani‐Núñez, Emilio, Raderschall, Chloé A., Brotons, Lluís, Rege, Anushka, Ouin, Annie, Tscharntke, Teja, and Slade, Eleanor M.

Abstract

Agricultural intensification not only increases food production but also drives widespread biodiversity decline. Increasing landscape heterogeneity has been suggested to increase biodiversity across habitats, while increasing crop heterogeneity may support biodiversity within agroecosystems. These spatial heterogeneity effects can be partitioned into compositional (land-cover type diversity) and configurational heterogeneity (land-cover type arrangement), measured either for the crop mosaic or across the landscape for both crops and semi-natural habitats. However, studies have reported mixed responses of biodiversity to increases in these heterogeneity components across taxa and contexts. Our meta-analysis covering 6397 fields across 122 studies conducted in Asia, Europe, North and South America reveals consistently positive effects of crop and landscape heterogeneity, as well as compositional and configurational heterogeneity for plant, invertebrate, vertebrate, pollinator and predator biodiversity. Vertebrates and plants benefit more from landscape heterogeneity, while invertebrates derive similar benefits from both crop and landscape heterogeneity. Pollinators benefit more from configurational heterogeneity, but predators favour compositional heterogeneity. These positive effects are consistent for invertebrates and vertebrates in both tropical/subtropical and temperate agroecosystems, and in annual and perennial cropping systems, and at small to large spatial scales. Our results suggest that promoting increased landscape heterogeneity by diversifying crops and semi-natural habitats, as suggested in the current UN Decade on Ecosystem Restoration, is key for restoring biodiversity in agricultural landscapes.

Published
2024

12. Increasing crop heterogeneity enhances multitrophic diversity across agricultural regions

Author

Sirami, Clélia, Gross, Nicolas, Baillod, Aliette Bosem, Bertrand, Colette, Carrié, Romain, Hass, Annika, Henckel, Laura, Miguet, Paul, Vuillot, Carole, Alignier, Audrey, Girard, Jude, Batáry, Péter, Clough, Yann, Violle, Cyrille, Giralt, David, Bota, Gerard, Badenhausser, Isabelle, Lefebvre, Gaëtan, Gauffre, Bertrand, Vialatte, Aude, Calatayud, François, Gil-Tena, Assu, Tischendorf, Lutz, Mitchell, Scott, Lindsay, Kathryn, Georges, Romain, Hilaire, Samuel, Recasens, Jordi, Solé-Senan, Xavier Oriol, Roblen˜o, Irene, Bosch, Jordi, Barrientos, Jose Antonio, Ricarte, Antonio, Marcos-Garcia, Maria Ángeles, Min˜ano, Jesús, Mathevet, Raphaël, Gibon, Annick, Baudry, Jacques, Balent, Gérard, Poulin, Brigitte, Burel, Françoise, Tscharntke, Teja, Bretagnolle, Vincent, Siriwardena, Gavin, Ouin, Annie, Brotons, Lluis, Martin, Jean-Louis, and Fahrig, Lenore

Published
2019

13. Building a shared vision of the future for multifunctional agricultural landscapes. Lessons from a long term socio-ecological research site in south-western France

Author

Ouin, Annie, primary, Andrieu, Emilie, additional, Vialatte, Aude, additional, Balent, Gérard, additional, Barbaro, Luc, additional, Blanco, Julien, additional, Ceschia, Eric, additional, Clement, Floriane, additional, Fauvel, Mathieu, additional, Gallai, Nicola, additional, Hewison, A.J. Mark, additional, Jean-François, Dejoux, additional, Kephaliacos, Charilaos, additional, Macary, Francis, additional, Probst, Anne, additional, Probst, Jean-Luc, additional, Ryschawy, Julie, additional, Sheeren, David, additional, Sourdril, Anne, additional, Tallec, Tiphaine, additional, Verheyden, Hélène, additional, and Sirami, Clelia, additional

Published
2021
Full Text
View/download PDF

14. Effects of Climate and Atmospheric Nitrogen Deposition on Early to Mid-Term Stage Litter Decomposition Across Biomes

Author

TaeOh Kwon, Hideaki Shibata, Sebastian Kepfer-Rojas, Inger K. Schmidt, Klaus S. Larsen, Claus Beier, Björn Berg, Kris Verheyen, Jean-Francois Lamarque, Frank Hagedorn, Nico Eisenhauer, Ika Djukic, TeaComposition Network, Inger Kappel Schmidt, Klaus Steenberg Larsen, Jean Francois Lamarque, Adriano Caliman, Alain Paquette, Alba Gutiérrez-Girón, Alessandro Petraglia, Algirdas Augustaitis, Amélie Saillard, Ana Carolina Ruiz-Fernández, Ana I. Sousa, Ana I. Lillebø, Anderson da Rocha Gripp, Andrea Lamprecht, Andreas Bohner, André-Jean Francez, Andrey Malyshev, Andrijana Andrić, Angela Stanisci, Anita Zolles, Anna Avila, Anna-Maria Virkkala, Anne Probst, Annie Ouin, Anzar A. Khuroo, Arne Verstraeten, Artur Stefanski, Aurora Gaxiola, Bart Muys, Beatriz Gozalo, Bernd Ahrends, Bo Yang, Brigitta Erschbamer, Carmen Eugenia Rodríguez Ortíz, Casper T. Christiansen, Céline Meredieu, Cendrine Mony, Charles Nock, Chiao-Ping Wang, Christel Baum, Christian Rixen, Christine Delire, Christophe Piscart, Christopher Andrews, Corinna Rebmann, Cristina Branquinho, Dick Jan, Dirk Wundram, Dušanka Vujanović, E. Carol Adair, Eduardo Ordóñez-Regil, Edward R. Crawford, Elena F. Tropina, Elisabeth Hornung, Elli Groner, Eric Lucot, Esperança Gacia, Esther Lévesque, Evanilde Benedito, Evgeny A. Davydov, Fábio Padilha Bolzan, Fernando T. Maestre, Florence Maunoury-Danger, Florian Kitz, Florian Hofhansl, Flurin Sutter, Francisco de Almeida Lobo, Franco Leadro Souza, Franz Zehetner, Fulgence Kouamé Koffi, Georg Wohlfahrt, Giacomo Certini, Gisele Daiane Pinha, Grizelle González, Guylaine Canut, Harald Pauli, Héctor A. Bahamonde, Heike Feldhaar, Heinke Jäger, Helena Cristina Serrano, Hélène Verheyden, Helge Bruelheide, Henning Meesenburg, Hermann Jungkunst, Hervé Jactel, Hiroko Kurokawa, Ian Yesilonis, Inara Melece, Inge van Halder, Inmaculada García Quirós, István Fekete, Ivika Ostonen, Jana Borovská, Javier Roales, Jawad Hasan Shoqeir, Jean-Christophe Lata, Jean-Luc Probst, Jeyanny Vijayanathan, Jiri Dolezal, Joan-Albert Sanchez-Cabeza, Joël Merlet, John Loehr, Jonathan von Oppen, Jörg Löffler, José Luis Benito Alonso, José-Gilberto Cardoso-Mohedano, Josep Peñuelas, Joseph C. Morina, Juan Darío Quinde, Juan J. Jiménez, Juha M. Alatalo, Julia Seeber, Julia Kemppinen, Jutta Stadler, Kaie Kriiska, Karel Van den Meersche, Karibu Fukuzawa, Katalin Szlavecz, Katalin Juhos, Katarína Gerhátová, Kate Lajtha, Katie Jennings, Katja Tielbörger, Kazuhiko Hoshizaki, Ken Green, Klaus Steinbauer, Laryssa Pazianoto, Laura Dienstbach, Laura Yahdjian, Laura J. Williams, Laurel Brigham, Lee Hanna, Liesbeth van den Brink, Lindsey Rustad, Lourdes Morillas, Luciana Silva Carneiro, Luciano Di Martino, Luis Villar, Luísa Alícida Fernandes Tavares, Madison Morley, Manuela Winkler, Marc Lebouvier, Marcello Tomaselli, Marcus Schaub, Maria Glushkova, Maria Guadalupe Almazan Torres, Marie-Anne de Graaff, Marie-Noëlle Pons, Marijn Bauters, Marina Mazón, Mark Frenzel, Markus Wagner, Markus Didion, Maroof Hamid, Marta Lopes, Martha Apple, Martin Weih, Matej Mojses, Matteo Gualmini, Matthew Vadeboncoeur, Michael Bierbaumer, Michael Danger, Michael Scherer-Lorenzen, Michal Růžek, Michel Isabellon, Michele Di Musciano, Michele Carbognani, Miglena Zhiyanski, Mihai Puşcaş, Milan Barna, Mioko Ataka, Miska Luoto, Mohammed H. Alsafaran, Nadia Barsoum, Naoko Tokuchi, Nathalie Korboulewsky, Nicolas Lecomte, Nina Filippova, Norbert Hölzel, Olga Ferlian, Oscar Romero, Osvaldo Pinto-Jr, Pablo Peri, Pavel Dan Turtureanu, Peter Haase, Peter Macreadie, Peter B. Reich, Petr Petřík, Philippe Choler, Pierre Marmonier, Quentin Ponette, Rafael Dettogni Guariento, Rafaella Canessa, Ralf Kiese, Rebecca Hewitt, Robert Weigel, Róbert Kanka, Roberto Cazzolla Gatti, Rodrigo Lemes Martins, Romà Ogaya, Romain Georges, Rosario G. Gavilán, Sally Wittlinger, Sara Puijalon, Satoshi Suzuki, Schädler Martin, Schmidt Anja, Sébastien Gogo, Silvio Schueler, Simon Drollinger, Simone Mereu, Sonja Wipf, Stacey Trevathan-Tackett, Stefan Stoll, Stefan Löfgren, Stefan Trogisch, Steffen Seitz, Stephan Glatzel, Susanna Venn, Sylvie Dousset, Taiki Mori, Takanori Sato, Takuo Hishi, Tatsuro Nakaji, Theurillat Jean-Paul, Thierry Camboulive, Thomas Spiegelberger, Thomas Scholten, Thomas J. Mozdzer, Till Kleinebecker, Tomáš Rusňák, Tshililo Ramaswiela, Tsutom Hiura, Tsutomu Enoki, Tudor-Mihai Ursu, Umberto Morra di Cella, Ute Hamer, Valentin Klaus, Valter Di Cecco, Vanessa Rego, Veronika Fontana, Veronika Piscová, Vincent Bretagnolle, Vincent Maire, Vinicius Farjalla, Vittoz Pascal, Wenjun Zhou, Wentao Luo, William Parker, Yasuhiro Utsumi, Yuji Kominami, Zsolt Kotroczó, and Zsolt Tóth

Subjects
tea bag, Green tea, Rooibos tea, litter decomposition, carbon turnover, nitrogen deposition, Forestry, SD1-669.5, Environmental sciences, GE1-350
Abstract

Litter decomposition is a key process for carbon and nutrient cycling in terrestrial ecosystems and is mainly controlled by environmental conditions, substrate quantity and quality as well as microbial community abundance and composition. In particular, the effects of climate and atmospheric nitrogen (N) deposition on litter decomposition and its temporal dynamics are of significant importance, since their effects might change over the course of the decomposition process. Within the TeaComposition initiative, we incubated Green and Rooibos teas at 524 sites across nine biomes. We assessed how macroclimate and atmospheric inorganic N deposition under current and predicted scenarios (RCP 2.6, RCP 8.5) might affect litter mass loss measured after 3 and 12 months. Our study shows that the early to mid-term mass loss at the global scale was affected predominantly by litter quality (explaining 73% and 62% of the total variance after 3 and 12 months, respectively) followed by climate and N deposition. The effects of climate were not litter-specific and became increasingly significant as decomposition progressed, with MAP explaining 2% and MAT 4% of the variation after 12 months of incubation. The effect of N deposition was litter-specific, and significant only for 12-month decomposition of Rooibos tea at the global scale. However, in the temperate biome where atmospheric N deposition rates are relatively high, the 12-month mass loss of Green and Rooibos teas decreased significantly with increasing N deposition, explaining 9.5% and 1.1% of the variance, respectively. The expected changes in macroclimate and N deposition at the global scale by the end of this century are estimated to increase the 12-month mass loss of easily decomposable litter by 1.1–3.5% and of the more stable substrates by 3.8–10.6%, relative to current mass loss. In contrast, expected changes in atmospheric N deposition will decrease the mid-term mass loss of high-quality litter by 1.4–2.2% and that of low-quality litter by 0.9–1.5% in the temperate biome. Our results suggest that projected increases in N deposition may have the capacity to dampen the climate-driven increases in litter decomposition depending on the biome and decomposition stage of substrate.

Published
2021
Full Text
View/download PDF

16. Crop pests and predators exhibit inconsistent responses to surrounding landscape composition

Author

Karp, Daniel S., Chaplin-Kramer, Rebecca, Meehan, Timothy D., Martin, Emily A., DeClerck, Fabrice, Grab, Heather, Gratton, Claudio, Hunt, Lauren, Larsen, Ashley E., Martínez-Salinas, Alejandra, O’Rourke, Megan E., Rusch, Adrien, Poveda, Katja, Jonsson, Mattias, Rosenheim, Jay A., Schellhorn, Nancy A., Tscharntke, Teja, Wratten, Stephen D., Zhang, Wei, Iverson, Aaron L., Adler, Lynn S., Albrecht, Matthias, Alignier, Audrey, Angelella, Gina M., Anjum, Muhammad Zubair, Avelino, Jacques, Batáry, Péter, Baveco, Johannes M., Bianchi, Felix J. J. A., Birkhofer, Klaus, Bohnenblust, Eric W., Bommarco, Riccardo, Brewer, Michael J., Caballero-López, Berta, Carrière, Yves, Carvalheiro, Luísa G., Cayuela, Luis, Centrella, Mary, Ćetković, Aleksandar, Henri, Dominic Charles, Chabert, Ariane, Costamagna, Alejandro C., De la Mora, Aldo, de Kraker, Joop, Desneux, Nicolas, Diehl, Eva, Diekötter, Tim, Dormann, Carsten F., Eckberg, James O., Entling, Martin H., Fiedler, Daniela, Franck, Pierre, van Veen, F. J. Frank, Frank, Thomas, Gagic, Vesna, Garratt, Michael P. D., Getachew, Awraris, Gonthier, David J., Goodell, Peter B., Graziosi, Ignazio, Groves, Russell L., Gurr, Geoff M., Hajian-Forooshani, Zachary, Heimpel, George E., Herrmann, John D., Huseth, Anders S., Inclán, Diego J., Ingrao, Adam J., Iv, Phirun, Jacot, Katja, Johnson, Gregg A., Jones, Laura, Kaiser, Marina, Kaser, Joe M., Keasar, Tamar, Kim, Tania N., Kishinevsky, Miriam, Landis, Douglas A., Lavandero, Blas, Lavigne, Claire, Le Ralec, Anne, Lemessa, Debissa, Letourneau, Deborah K., Liere, Heidi, Lu, Yanhui, Lubin, Yael, Luttermoser, Tim, Maas, Bea, Mace, Kevi, Madeira, Filipe, Mader, Viktoria, Cortesero, Anne Marie, Marini, Lorenzo, Martinez, Eliana, Martinson, Holly M., Menozzi, Philippe, Mitchell, Matthew G. E., Miyashit, Tadashi, Molina, Gonzalo A. R., Molina-Montenegro, Marco A., O’Neal, Matthew E., Opatovsky, Itai, Ortiz-Martinez, Sebaastian, Nash, Michael, Östman, Örjan, Ouin, Annie, Pak, Damie, Paredes, Daniel, Parsa, Soroush, Parry, Hazel, Perez-Alvarez, Ricardo, Perović, David J., Peterson, Julie A., Petit, Sandrine, Philpott, Stacy M., Plantegenest, Manuel, Plećaš, Milan, Pluess, Therese, Pons, Xavier, Potts, Simon G., Pywell, Richard F., Ragsdale, David W., Rand, Tatyana A., Raymond, Lucie, Ricci, Benoît, Sargent, Chris, Sarthou, Jean-Pierre, Saulais, Julia, Schäckermann, Jessica, Schmidt, Nick P., Schneider, Gudrun, Schüepp, Christof, Sivakoff, Frances S., Smith, Henrik G., Whitney, Kaitlin Stack, Stutz, Sonja, Szendrei, Zsofia, Takada, Mayura B., Taki, Hisatomo, Tamburini, Giovanni, Thomson, Linda J., Tricault, Yann, Tsafack, Noelline, Tschumi, Matthias, Valantin-Morison, Muriel, Van Trinh, Mai, van der Werf, Wopke, Vierling, Kerri T., Werling, Ben P., Wickens, Jennifer B., Wickens, Victoria J., Woodcock, Ben A., Wyckhuys, Kris, Xiao, Haijun, Yasuda, Mika, Yoshioka, Akira, and Zou, Yi

Published
2018

20. Economic evaluation alongside the Probiotics to Prevent Severe Pneumonia and Endotracheal Colonization Trial (E-PROSPECT): study protocol

Author

Katie Ross, Dimitra Fleming, John Marshall, Najib Ayas, François Lellouche, Justin Lys, Ryan Zarychanski, Timothy Karachi, Deborah J Cook, Marie-Claude Tremblay, Jeremy Grushka, Dan Deckelbaum, Kosar Khwaja, Tarek Razek, Donald Griesdale, John Muscedere, David Maslove, Roupen Hatzakorzian, Patrick Archambault, Feng Xie, François Lauzier, Heather Smith, David Williamson, Emmanuel Charbonney, John Granton, Alyson Takaoka, Kwadwo Kyeremanteng, Miranda Hunt, Ian Ball, Victoria McCredie, Michaël Chasse, Jennifer LY Tsang, Jordi Mancebo, Peter Dodek, Emilie Belley-Cote, Neala Hoad, Melissa Shears, Mark Soth, Tracy Campbell, Geeta Mehta, Daniel Chen, Shane English, Maureen Meade, John Kim, Jie Meng, Richard Johnston, Jennie Johnstone, Norman Dewhurst, Panagiota Giannakouros, Laura García, John Ma, Dev Jayaraman, Pierre Cardinal, Vincent Issac Lau, John C Marshall, John Basmaji, Deborah Cook, Erick Duan, France Clarke, Mary Copland, Marnie Jakab, Nicole Zytaruk, Christa Connolly, Denise Davis, Catherine Eaton, Tracy Gallinas, Jean Lee-Yoo, Connie Lukinuk, Leia Musielak, Nancy Pavunkovic, Joy Pelayo, Kaitlyn Phillips, Catherine Pracsovics, Julia Raimondo, Vida Stankus, Christine Wallace, Angela Wright, Crystal Young, Katrina Fimiani, Lori Hand, Harjot Jagdey, Lisa Klotz, Alexana Sabev, Nevena Savija, Deanne Cosentino, Diane Lourenco, Julie Misina, Gita Sobhi, Mashari Alghuroba, Alia Khaled, Lauren Locco, Tina Millen, Ryan Vaisler, Maya Biljan, Brittany Marriott, Jan Frieich, Jennifer Hodder, Imrana Khalid, Julie Lee, Yoon Lee, Pragma Roy, Kurtis Salway, Gyan Sandhu, Marlene Santos, Orla Smith, Melissa Wang, Ann Dowbenka, Ann Kosinski, Terri Norrie, Ranjit Parhar, Laura Parsons, Johanna Proceviat, Gitana Ramonas, Mae Yuen, Maria Agda, Victoria Alcuaz, Betty Jean Ashley, Kelsey Brewer, Janice Palmer, Glen Brown, Mara Pavan, Stephen Lapinsky, Laveena Munshi, Maedean Brown, Brittany Giacomino, Alan Kraguljac, Sumesh Shah, Erik Tamberg, Laura Vergeer, Doret Cheng, Gagan Grewal, Anew Han, Holly Leung, Ioanna Mantas, Hilary Roigues, Anew Wyllie, Alexis Turgeon, Danny Barriault, David Bellemare, Anick Boivin, Sarah-Judith Breton, Eve Cloutier, Marjorie Daigle, Charles Delisle-Thibeault, Stéphanie Grenier, Gabrielle Guilbault, Caroline Léger, Catherine Ouellet, Élisabeth Gagne, Julie Gaueau, Claire Grégoire, Véronique Labbé, Ariane Laprise-Rochette, Caroline Ouellet, Mélanie Samson, Marie-David Simoneau, Virginie Turcotte, Tuong-Vi Tran, Lauralyn McIntyre, Joe Pagilarello, Gianni D’Egidio, Mike Hartwick, Jonathon Hooper, Gwynne Jones, Dal Kubelik, Hilary Meggison, Sherissa Microys, Dave Neiliovitz, Guiseppe Pagliarello, Rakesh Patel, Jo Po, Peter Reardon, Erin Rosenberg, Aimee Sarti, Anew Seely, Shelley Acres, Brigette Gomes, Heather Langlois, Liane Leclair, Sydney Miezitis, Kaitlyn Montroy, Rebecca Porteous, Shawna Reddie, Amanda Van Beinum, Allyshia Van Tol, Irene Watpool, Wendy Aikens, Marianne Cox, Anne-Marie Dugal, Susan Fetzer, Kathy Fraser, Jennifer Kuhn, Rob MacLeod, Susanne Richard, Dawn Rose, Sherry Weir, Bill Henderson, Mypinder Sekhon, Denise Foster, Suzie Logie, Judy Yip, Margaret Herridge, s Alberto Goffi, Eyal Golan, Elizabeth Wilcox, Jaimie Archer, Paulina Farias, Brooke Fraser, Cheryl Geen-Smith, Barbara Kosky, Anea Matte, Christina Pugliese, Priscila Robles, Lia Stenyk, Cristian Urrea, Karolina Walczak, Kyung Ae, Jane Ascroft, Fatima Haji, Rajvinder Kaur, Jane Lui, Sophia Mateo, Nga Pham, Tam Pham, Matthew Suen, Jennifer Teng, Gordon Wood, Daniel Ovakim, Fiona Auld, Gayle Camey, Ralph Fleming, Jennifer Good, Mandeep Manhas, Karin Boyd, Jane Dheere, Priscilia Robles, Muhammad Walid, Jill Westlund, Yoan Lamarche, Soazig Leguillan, Karim Serri, Colin Verdant, Yanick Beaulieu, Patrick Bellemare, Philippe Bernard, Marc Giasson, Véronique Brunette, Alexanos Cavayas, Émilie Lévesque, Halina Labikova, Julia Lainer Palacios, Marie-Ève Langlois, Virginie Williams, Thuy Anh Nguyen, Valérie Phaneuf, Frédérick D’Aragon, Charles St-Arnaud, Hector Quiroz, Virginie Bolduc, Elaine Carbonneau, Joannie Marchand, Marie-Hélène Masse, Sylvie Cloutier, Marianne Guay, Line Morin, Jessie Nicolson, Isabelle Paquette, Patricia Roy, France Théberge, Arnold S Kristof, Peter Goldberg, Sheldon Magder, Jason Shahin, Salman Qureshi, Josie Campisi, Vasilica Botan, Anissa Capilnean, Alyssa Corey, Annick Gagné, Jasmine Mian, Kathleen Normandin, Ash Gursahaney, David Hornstein, Robert Salasidis, Patrizia Zanelli, Norine Alam, Tonia Doerksen, Ariane Lessard, Gilbert Matte, Marie-France Robert, Martin Girard, Pierre Aslanian, Sylvain Belisle, François-Martin Carrier, Ané Denault, Jean-Gilles Guimond, Antoine Halwagi, Paul Hébert, Christopher Kolan, Nicholas Robillard, Fatna Benettaib, Dounia Boumahni, Casey Bourdeau Caporuscio, Marie-Ève Cantin, Virginy Côté-Gravel, Ali Ghamraoui, Martine Lebrasseur, Lancelot Legene Courville, Stéphanie Lorio, Maria Trinidad Maid, Nicole Poitras, Romain Rigal, Maya Salame, Valérie Tran, Katie Bacon, Nathalie Boueau, Cecilia Carvajal, Lyne Gauthier, Julie Genon, Karine Jean, Louise Laforest, Antonietta Lembo, Sothun Lim, Jennifer Morrissette, France Pagé, Lucie Pelletier, Marie-Christine Roigue, Jim Kutsiogiannis, Raiyan Chowdhury, Jon Davidow, Curt Johnston, Kim Macala, Sam Marcushamer, Darren Markland, Doug Matheson, Damian Paton-Gay, David Zygun, Nadine Grant, Tayne Hewer, Pat Thompson, Maggie Ge, Janny Hall, Sharon Matenchuk, Osama Loubani, Rick Hall, Robert Green, Diana Gillis, Lisa Julien, Laura Lee Magennis, Tamara Mitterer, Joanna Arsenault, Kim Bruce-Payne, Patti Gallant, Gord Boyd, Christine D’Arsigny, John Over, Jason Erb, Chris Parker, Stephanie Sibley, Tracy Boyd, Ilinca Georgescu, Danielle Muscedere, Cathy Baker, Jennifer Engel, Jennifer Fleming, Lisa Roderick, Shelley Silk, Marcy Spencer, Michelle Tryon, Marcus Blouw, Kendiss Olafson, Bojan Paunovic, Oliver Gutieror, Nicole Marten, Sherri Lynn Wingfield, Marnie Boyle, Halyna Ferens, Debbie Hrabi, Beata Kozak, Chantal MacDonald, Julie Muise, Eileen Campbell, Susie Imerovski, Athena Ovsenek, Rebecca Rondinelli, Teresa Longfield, Amy Moyer, Faith Norris, Janice Sumpton, Karina Teterycz, Brenda Reeve, Karen Bento, Megan Davis, Will Dechert, Krista Gallo, Barbara Longo, Courtney Mullen, Elysia Skrzypek, Laurenne Wierenga, Wesam Abuzaiter, Lynda Amorim, Rosemarie Bauer, Rachel Damota, Thoa Ho, Nicole Macdougall, Mary Thornewell, Lara Pe, Jennifer Visocchi, Auey Bhairo, Halyna Ferenes, Debra Kubin, Dawn-Lee McLaughlin, Maria Valente, Steve Reynolds, Suzette Willems, Tina Sekhon, Sebastien Trop, Alexana Binnie, Ronald Heslegrave, Kim Sharman, Zaynab Panchbhaya, Rakhi Goel, Kim Kozluk, Julianne Labelle, Hina Marsonia, Cecillia Scott, Dave Nagpal, Tracey Bentall, Jessica Sturt-Smith, Michelle Alexander, Tammy Ellis, Mindy Muylaert, Cindy Paczkowski, Wendy Sligl, Sean Bagshaw, Nadia Baig, Lorena McCoshen, Katrina Alexanopoulos, Sherri Bain, Michelle Brandt, Cathy Constable, Kari Douglas, Shaleen Maharaj, Sabrina Travers, Tom Stelfox, Philippe Couillard, Christopher Doig, Ken Parhar, Joshua Booth, Cassidy Codan, Stacy Ruddell, Candice Cameron, Rhonda Edison, Anne Martin, Breanna Mina, Dan Niven, Luc Berthiaume, Jonathan Gaudet, Gina Fleming, Mercedes Carmargo, Beverly Hoekstra, Rita Caporuscio, Rachel Kressner Falvo, Carmelina Maxwell, Karmen Plantic, François Marquis, Han Tin Wang, Francis Toupin, Stephane Ahern, Brian Laufer, Marc Brosseau, Pauline Dul, Johanne Harvey, Lotthida Inthanavong, Danae Tassy, Helen Assayag, Maude Bachand, Marysa Betournay, Karine Daoust, Kristine Goyette, Marceline Quach, Paul Hosek, Bill Plaxton, Catherine Armstrong, Rhonda Barber, William Dechert, Janelle Ellis, Kayla Fisk, Melissa Gabnouri, Emilie Gordon, Rebecca Haegens, Lisa Halford, Brooklynn Hillis, Rebecca Jesso, Jenn McLaren, Elliot McMillan, Mariska Pelkmans, Matthew Rekman, Sylvia Sinkovitis, Monica Truong, Michelle White, Noah Bates, Susan Bryden-Cromwell, Lisa Cha, Colleen Cameron, Aminah Deen, Sheri DiGiovanni, Anders Foss, Esther Lee, Heidi MacGregor, Esther Galbraith, Robyn McArthur, Julie McGregor, Keith Miller, Sharon Morris, Shelley Parker, Candice Smith, Joanna Stoglow, Jennifer Tung, Melissa Vos, Neill Adhikari, Ane Amaral, Ane Carlos, Brian Cuthbertson, Rob Fowler, Damon Scales, Navjot Kaur, Nicole Marinoff, Adic Perez, Jane Wang, Katrina Hatzifilalithis, John Iazzetta, Chrys Kolos, Ingrid Quinton, Paul Lysecki, Joseph Berlingieri, Sameer Shaikh, Steven Skitch, Hala Basheer, Kathy Bruder, Jane Cheng, Kaiser Qureshi, Celeste Thibault, Ying Tung Sia, Mathieu Simon, Pierre-Alexane Bouchard, Patricia Lizotte, Nathalie Chateauvert, Thérèse Grenier, Jean-François Bellemare, Simon Bordeleau, Christine Ouin, Benoît Duhaime, Ann Laberge, Philippe Lachance, Mélanie Constantin, Estel Deblois, Maude Dionne, Lise Lavoie, Isabelle Michel, Alexane Pépin, Sanine Poulin, Sarah Anctil, Amélie Chouinard, Louis-Étienne Marchand, Robin Roy, Roigo Cartin-Ceba, Richard Oeckler, Brenda Anderson, Lavonne Liedl, Laurie Meade, Sueanne Weist, Anna Bartoo, Debbie Bauer, Vince Brickley, Shaun Bridges, Greg Brunn, Jennifer Eickstaedt, Jill Randolph, Sandy Showalter, Melissa Wendling, Robert Taylor, Margaret Cytron, Kim Fowler, Katie Krause, Jackie O’Brien, Marianne Tow, Kaitlin Stassi, Abdulaziz Al-Dawood, Haytham Tlayjeh, Alaaeldien Ghanem, Ahmad Hassanien, Mohamed Hegazy, Ashraf El Sharkawi, Felwa Bin Humaid, Hala Alanizi, Nadyah Alanizy, Njoud Al Bogami, Mohammed Muhaidib, Jawaher Gramish, Randa Alsomali, Nora Devera, and Marjane Villafranca

Subjects
Medicine
Abstract

Introduction Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) is a common healthcare-associated infection in the intensive care unit (ICU). Probiotics are defined as live microorganisms that may confer health benefits when ingested. Prior randomised trials suggest that probiotics may prevent infections such as VAP and Clostridioides difficile–associated diarrhoea (CDAD). PROSPECT (Probiotics to Prevent Severe Pneumonia and Endotracheal Colonization Trial) is a multicentre, double-blinded, randomised controlled trial comparing the efficacy of the probiotic Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG with usual care versus usual care without probiotics in preventing VAP and other clinically important outcomes in critically ill patients admitted to the ICU.Methods and analysis The objective of E-PROSPECT is to determine the incremental cost-effectiveness of L. rhamnosus GG plus usual care versus usual care without probiotics in critically ill patients. E-PROSPECT will be performed from the public healthcare payer’s perspective over a time horizon from ICU admission to hospital discharge.We will determine probabilities of in-ICU and in-hospital events from all patients alongside PROSPECT. We will retrieve unit costs for each resource use item using jurisdiction-specific public databases, supplemented by individual site unit costs if such databases are unavailable. Direct costs will include medications, personnel costs, radiology/laboratory testing, operative/non-operative procedures and per-day hospital ‘hoteling’ costs not otherwise encompassed. The primary outcome is the incremental cost per VAP prevented between the two treatment groups. Other clinical events such as CDAD, antibiotic-associated diarrhoea and in-hospital mortality will be included as secondary outcomes. We will perform pre-specified subgroup analyses (medical/surgical/trauma; age; frailty status; antibiotic use; prevalent vs no prevalent pneumonia) and probabilistic sensitivity analyses for VAP, then generate confidence intervals using the non-parametric bootstrapping approach.Ethics and dissemination Study approval for E-PROSPECT was granted by the Hamilton Integrated Research Ethics Board of McMaster University on 29 July 2019. Informed consent was obtained from the patient or substitute decision-maker in PROSPECT. The findings of this study will be published in peer-reviewed journals.Trial registration number NCT01782755; Pre-results.

Published
2020
Full Text
View/download PDF

21. N°253 – Poststroke action slowing: Motor and attentional impairments and its anatomy, evidence from lesion-symptom mapping, disconnection and fMRI activation studies

Author

Ouin, Elisa, primary, Roussel, Martine, additional, Aarabi, Ardalan, additional, Courselle, Audrey, additional, Tasseel-Ponche, Sophie, additional, Andriuta, Daniela, additional, Thiebaut de Schotten, Michel, additional, Toba, Monica, additional, Makki, Malek, additional, and Godefroy, Olivier, additional

Published
2023
Full Text
View/download PDF

26. Wooded Semi-Natural Habitats Complement Permanent Grasslands in Supporting Wild Bee Diversity in Agricultural Landscapes

Author

Justine Rivers-Moore, Emilie Andrieu, Aude Vialatte, and Annie Ouin

Subjects
semi-natural habitats, wild bees, wooded habitats, permanent grasslands, bee communities, pollen, Science
Abstract

Loss of semi-natural habitats (SNH) in agricultural landscapes affects wild bees, often negatively. However, how bee communities respond varies and is still unclear. To date, few studies have used precise descriptors to understand these effects. Our aim was to understand the respective and complementary influences of different wooded and herbaceous habitats on wild bee communities. We selected thirty 500-m radius landscapes on a gradient of a percentage of wooded SNH in south-western France. At each landscape, we sampled wild bees in spring 2016 and plants in spring 2015 and 2016 at the forest edge, in a hedgerow, and in a permanent grassland. Pollen carried by the most abundant bee species was collected and identified. Using beta diversity indices, we showed that wild bee community composition differs between the three SNH types, and especially between herbaceous and wooded SNH. Based on Jacobs’ selection index, we showed that pollen of some plant species recorded in wooded SNH are preferentially selected by wild bees. Studying the impact of the loss of each SNH type on the global bee-pollen interaction network, we found that wooded SNH contributed to its resilience, enabling specific plant–bee interactions. Overall, our results underline the non-negligible contribution of wooded SNH to the diversity of wild bees in agricultural landscapes, and thus the importance of maintaining different types of SNH.

Published
2020
Full Text
View/download PDF

27. Elderly CADASIL patients with intact neurological status

Author

Zhang, Ruiting, primary, Ouin, Elisa, additional, Grosset, Lina, additional, Ighilkrim, Karine, additional, Lebenberg, Jessica, additional, Guey, Stéphanie, additional, François, Véronique, additional, Tournier-Lasserve, Elisabeth, additional, Jouvent, Eric, additional, and Chabriat, Hugues, additional

Published
2022
Full Text
View/download PDF

31. Action-orientated research and framework: insights from the French long-term social-ecological research network

Author

Vincent Bretagnolle, Marc Benoit, Mathieu Bonnefond, Vincent Breton, Jon M. Church, Sabrina Gaba, Daniel Gilbert, François Gillet, Sandrine Glatron, Chloé Guerbois, Nicolas Lamouroux, Marc Lebouvier, Camille Mazé, Jean-Marie Mouchel, Annie Ouin, Olivier Pays, Christophe Piscart, Olivier Ragueneau, Sylvie Servain, Thomas Spiegelberger, and Hervé Fritz

Subjects
adaptive governance, ecosystem services, landscape, lter, management, practices, research infrastructure, social-ecological systems, sustainability, Biology (General), QH301-705.5, Ecology, QH540-549.5
Abstract

Many social-ecological system(SES)-based approaches have been proposed to address environmental problems. Most social-ecological frameworks developed to date, however, lack clear operational linkages between humans and nature to efficiently guide SESs toward resilience. A conceptual framework designed to be operational is therefore necessary, as well as a network of research platforms with which to apply it. We defined explicit coupling processes that can be used as leverages to pilot an SES toward sustainability. We proposed to formalize an SES as a dynamic entity composed of two coupling interfaces, i.e., adaptive management and ecosystem services, both set within a landscape context to provide an actionable framework. These interfaces describe the way various actors, including scholars, benefit from and manage complex and changing interactions between the biophysical and social templates. Understanding the key processes underlying the interaction dynamics, especially those leveraging adaptive management processes, would help identify adaptive pathways for practices and collective actions, provide a crucial knowledge base for policy makers, and foster operationality as a requisite of an SES research agenda. Using several examples, we explained why long-term social-ecological research platforms provide an ideal operational network of research infrastructures to conduct place-based action-orientated research targeting the sustainability of SESs.

Published
2019
Full Text
View/download PDF

32. Illustration. Apprendre autrement l’économie sociale et solidaire : le Troc des pratiquES

Author

Lethielleux, Laëtitia, Combes-Joret, Monique, Boudes, Mélissa, Linz, Blanca, Minuel, Renaud, and Ouin, Virginie

Subjects
économie sociale et solidaire, Economics (General), BUS000000, Business
Abstract

En 2013, trois étudiants de master 2 Management des entreprises de l’économie sociale et solidaire (ESS) de l’université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (Urca) ont réalisé un projet original : le « Troc des pratiquES ». L’objectif était de réunir des acteurs de l’ESS de Champagne-Ardenne et de partir à la rencontre de leurs homologues au Québec, pour « apprendre autrement » l’ESS. L’originalité de la démarche reposait sur trois principes : une composition plurie...

Published
2022

33. L’économie sociale et solidaire en coopérations

Author

Berdoulet, Stéphane, Blanc, Jérôme, Bornand, Elvire, Boudes, Mélissa, Chanut-Guieu, Cécile, Combes-Joret, Monique, Costanzo, Elsa, Cuénoud, Thibault, Defalvard, Hervé, Demoustier, Danièle, Desgris, Anne-Laure, Fare, Marie, Fraisse, Laurent, Gardin, Laurent, Gianfaldoni, Patrick, Glémain, Pascal, Gros, Laurent, Hiez, David, Jany-Catrice, Florence, Lambersens, Simon, Lerouvillois, Philippe, Leroy, Viviane, Lethielleux, Laëtitia, Lhuillier, Vincent, Linz, Blanca, Marival, Céline, Minuel, Renaud, Morin, Stéphanie, Nirello, Laura, Ouin, Virginie, Petrella, Francesca, Rasolonoromalaza, Kristina, Renault, Michel, Richez-Battesti, Nadine, Sangiorgio, Joseph, Semenowicz, Philippe, Tainturier, Pierre, Vaillancourt, Yves, Gardin, Laurent, and Jany-Catrice, Florence

Subjects
économie sociale et solidaire, Economics (General), BUS000000, Business
Abstract

Dans la situation actuelle des impasses du capitalisme contemporain, on attend de l’économie sociale et solidaire qu’elle incarne l’expérience concrète et située de modalités économiques alternatives à l’économie à but lucratif. La coopération, comme antinomie de la concurrence totale, est l’une des modalités de la coordination entre acteurs que l’économie sociale et solidaire met à l’épreuve dans le quotidien de ses pratiques. Cet ouvrage est un « livre ouvert de l’ESS en coopérations », c’est-à- dire qu’y est proposée une sorte de grammaire des coopérations, dans toutes les facettes que ces coopérations en marche peuvent suggérer ou susciter. Les acteurs conjuguent ces coopérations comme autant de « co-construction », de « co-production », de « partenariat », de « collaboration », voire de « dialogue social ». C’est cette présence multiforme, multiniveaux et multiacteurs qui est ici décrite, explorée et analysée. Si cette grammaire fait sens, alors la coopération exige un supplément de réflexivité sur les finalités des actions communes. C’est aussi dans les expérimentations et dans les résultats partiels auxquels elles donnent lieu, que les coopérations pourront enrichir les acteurs en compétences de coopération. Les auteurs de cet ouvrage offrent, par leurs disciplines diverses de rattachement, des regards croisés sur l’analyse des coopérations dans l’économie sociale et solidaire. On y trouvera des analyses des coopérations au sein de l’ESS, entre acteurs de l’ESS et acteurs du secteur à but lucratif, avec les pouvoirs publics, avec la recherche. Quelques travaux offrent un regard réflexif sur la manière par laquelle la formation oeuvre, ou pas, à la coopération dans et par l’ESS.

Published
2022

34. PSDR4 Sebioref - Une approche paysagère et territorialisée des services écosystémiques et des valeurs attachées pour guider les décideurs publics

Author

Ouin, Annie, Andrieu, Émilie, Balent, Gerard, Carrié, Romain, Choisis, Jean-Philippe, Dejoux, Jean-François, del Corso, Jean-Pierre, Desaegher, James, Fauvel, Mathieu, Gallai, Nicola, Ladet, Sylvie, Rivers-Moore, Justine, Uwingabire, Zafarani, Sheeren, David, Vialatte, A., Cichosz, Barbara, Dynamiques et écologie des paysages agriforestiers (DYNAFOR), École nationale supérieure agronomique de Toulouse (ENSAT), Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Centre for Environmental and Climate Research [Lund] (CEC), Lund University [Lund], Systèmes d'élevage méditerranéens et tropicaux (UMR SELMET), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut Agro Montpellier, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), Centre d'études spatiales de la biosphère (CESBIO), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Laboratoire d'Etude et de Recherche sur l'Economie, les Politiques et les Systèmes Sociaux (LEREPS), Université Toulouse Capitole (UT Capitole), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut d'Études Politiques [IEP] - Toulouse-École Nationale Supérieure de Formation de l'Enseignement Agricole de Toulouse-Auzeville (ENSFEA), and Chambre Régionale d'Agriculture d'Occitanie (CRA Occitanie)

Subjects
Ecologie du paysage, Pollinisation, Télédétection, JEL: Q - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics • Environmental and Ecological Economics/Q.Q1 - Agriculture, Landscape ecology, [SHS.GEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Geography, Remote sensing, [SHS.ECO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Economics and Finance, Modelling, JEL: O - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth/O.O2 - Development Planning and Policy, Stakeholders, Acteurs, Modélisation, JEL: O - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth/O.O1 - Economic Development, Pollination
Abstract

Ce numéro regroupe des textes issus des projets ayant travaillé dans le cadre du Programme PSDR 4, sous l’égide d’INRAE et de 10 Régions françaises.2.1 Fonctionnalité des écosystèmes, le paysage et l’eau; International audience; The aims of the Sebioref projet was to estimate the pollination service provided by wild bees and identify the landscape properties driving the delivery of this ecosystem service. The ultimate objective was to explore the potential coordination between ecosystem service providers and users at the landscape scale. The project was conducted by three laboratories (Dynafor, Cesbio, Lereps) and co-led by the Chambre Régionale d’Agriculture d’Occitanie. The Sebioref project has provided remote sensing tools to identify floral resources in grasslands over large spatial extents and spatially explicit modelling of both pollination service and stakeholders’ cooperation. We show that the management of pollination services for insect- dependent crops needs a landscape-scale approach, in order for the crop-pollinating bees to benefit from complementary floral resources provided by hedges, wood edges and grasslands. The agro-ecological transition should therefore take into account landscape-scale ecological processes to maximize pollination services. We have also showed that stakeholders feel very concerned by wild bee conservation and could generate insightful suggestions to promote wild bee diversity and pollination services. Collective action seems to be the best way to meet expectations for multifunctional landscape.; Le projet PSDR4 Sebioref avait pour objectif de qualifier le service écosystémique de pollinisation rendu par la biodiversité, et d’identifier les leviers paysagers pour améliorer ce service de pollinisation. In fine, l’objectif était d’envisager des coordinations entre producteurs et utilisateurs potentiels de services écosystémiques à l’échelle des territoires. Il a été mené par trois laboratoires (Dynafor, Cesbio, Lereps) et co-animé avec la Chambre Régionale d’Agriculture d’Occitanie. Le projet Sebioref a fourni des outils en télédétection pour l’identification des ressources florales dans les prairies sur de larges étendues, la modélisation spatialisée du processus de pollinisation et de concertation entre les acteurs. Nous avons montré que le service écosystémique de pollinisation, notamment vis à vis des cultures entomophiles, nécessitait une approche paysagère pour permettre la complémentarité entre les ressources florales présentes dans les haies, lisières de bois et prairies. Ainsi, la transition agro-écologique devra intégrer les échelles paysagères et territoriales. Nous avons aussi montré que les acteurs du territoire étudié sont très concernés par la protection des espèces d’abeilles sauvages et sont sources de propositions pour favoriser cette diversité et les services qu’elle rend. L’action collective semble donc être la plus à même de répondre aux attentes des acteurs dans la gestion d’un paysage qui produit et offre une multitude deservices.

Published
2022

38. Farming intensity indirectly reduces crop yield through negative effects on agrobiodiversity and key ecological functions

Author

Duflot, Rémi, primary, San-Cristobal, Magali, additional, Andrieu, Emilie, additional, Choisis, Jean-Philippe, additional, Esquerré, Diane, additional, Ladet, Sylvie, additional, Ouin, Annie, additional, Rivers-Moore, Justine, additional, Sheeren, David, additional, Sirami, Clélia, additional, Fauvel, Mathieu, additional, and Vialatte, Aude, additional

Published
2022
Full Text
View/download PDF

40. In Situ Deep-Level Transient Spectroscopy and Dark Current Measurements of Proton-Irradiated InGaAs Photodiodes

Author

A.W. Haberl, Stephen J. Polly, George T. Nelson, Seth M. Hubbard, William A. Lanford, Robert Lowell, Kevin B. Wynne, and Gildas Ouin

Subjects
Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Deep-level transient spectroscopy, Materials science, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, business.industry, Annealing (metallurgy), 01 natural sciences, Fluence, Temperature measurement, Photodiode, law.invention, Nuclear Energy and Engineering, Operating temperature, law, 0103 physical sciences, Optoelectronics, Irradiation, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, business, Dark current
Abstract

In0.53Ga0.47As photodiodes were irradiated by 2.0- and 3.5-MeV protons at low temperature to study the effects of displacement damage. Defect spectroscopy and dark current measurements were performed in situ before room-temperature annealing could occur. It was found that annealing of the dominant mid-gap trap began as low as at 150 K. At room temperature, significant annealing of this trap occurred rapidly, annihilating more than half the traps on a time scale of tens of minutes. Because of annealing, the dark current at 250 K, a typical operating temperature for these devices, increased by up to twice the rate versus proton fluence than it did at 300 K. The results demonstrate that irradiation testing at room temperature is not the ideal approach to predicting in-flight device performance.

Published
2020

42. Multifunctional agricultural landscapes. Lessons from a Long Term Socio-Ecological Research site in South Western France

Author

Ouin, Annie, Andrieu, Émilie, Balent, Gerard, Barbaro, Luc, Blanco, Julien, Ceschia, Eric, Clement, Floriane, Jean-François, Dejoux, Dos-Santos, Vanessa, Desaegher, James, Fauvel, Mathieu, Gallai, Nicola, Hewison, A.J. Mark, Kephaliacos, Charilaos, Macary, Francis, Probst, Anne, Probst, Jean Luc, Ryschawy, Julie, Sauvage, Sabine, Sánchez-Pérez, J.M., Sheeren, David, Sourdril, Anne, Tallec, Tiphaine, Verheyden, Hélène, Vialatte, A., Sirami, Clélia, and Andrieu, Emilie

Subjects
[SDE] Environmental Sciences
Published
2022

44. Poststroke action slowing: Motor and attentional impairments and their imaging determinants. Evidence from lesion-symptom mapping, disconnection and fMRI activation studies

Author

Elisa Ouin, Martine Roussel, Ardalan Aarabi, Audrey Arnoux, Sophie Tasseel-Ponche, Daniela Andriuta, Michel Thiebaut de Schotten, Monica N. Toba, Malek Makki, and Olivier Godefroy

Subjects
Stroke, Brain Mapping, Behavioral Neuroscience, Cognitive Neuroscience, Reaction Time, Humans, Attention, Cognitive Dysfunction, Experimental and Cognitive Psychology, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Psychomotor Performance
Abstract

Although action slowing is the main cognitive impairment in stroke survivors, its mechanisms and determinants are still poorly understood. The objectives of the present study were to determine the mechanisms of post-stroke action slowing (using validated, highly specific simple reaction time (SRT) and tapping tests) and identify its imaging determinants (using multivariate lesion-symptom mapping (mLSM)).Action speed in the GRECogVASC cohort was assessed using finger tapping and SRT tests performed with both hands and analyzed using previously validated indices. Imaging determinants were identified using validated mLSM analyses and disconnection analysis and compared to those of an fMRI activation meta-analytic database.Both the tapping time and SRT were 10.7% slower for the 394 patients (p = 0.0001) than for the 786 controls, without a group × test interaction (p = 0.2). The intra-individual distribution curve was characterized by a rightward shift with an unaltered attentional peak. The mLSM analyses showed tapping to be associated with lesions in the frontostriatal tract (p = 0.0007). The SRT was associated with lesions in the frontostriatal tract (p = 0.04) and the orbital part of F3 (p = 0.0001). The SRT-tapping index was associated with lesions in the orbital part of F3 (p = 0.0001). All lesions were located in the right hemisphere only and were responsible for the disconnection of several structures involved in motor preparation, initiation, and speed. A comparison with fMRI activation meta-analytic data highlighted mostly the same regions, including the orbital part of F3, the ventral and dorsal parts of F1, and the premotor and cingulate regions in the right hemisphere.Our results confirm the marked impairment of action speed in stroke and show that the primary mechanism is motor slowing and that it is related to lesions in the right frontostriatal tract. A deficit in sustained alertness accounted for action slowing in the subgroup with lesions in the right orbital part of F3. Our SRT and mLSM results were in accordance with the fMRI activation data. Thus, stroke induces slowing in the broad network associated with SRT tasks by disrupting the frontostriatal tract and, to a lesser extent, other sites involved in attention.

Published
2022

45. Effect of KOH passivation for top-down fabricated InGaN nanowire light emitting diodes.

Author

Hartensveld, Matthew, Ouin, Gildas, Liu, Cheng, and Zhang, Jing

Subjects
*LIGHT emitting diodes, *PASSIVATION, *PLASMA etching, *GALLIUM nitride, *NANOWIRES, *SURFACE states, *NANOWIRE devices, *POTASSIUM hydroxide
Abstract

Gallium nitride (GaN) nanowire (NW) light emitting diodes (LEDs) are promising candidates for microdisplay applications due to smaller dimensions and potential for novel integration approaches. For the commonly adopted top-down GaN NW fabrication, the required dry etching steps tend to result in surface states, leading to reduced radiative recombination rates in LEDs. To passivate the surface and tune the diameter of the NWs, hydroxyl-based chemicals such as potassium hydroxide (KOH) are widely used to treat the surface of these nanostructures. However, studies on the effects of temperature, concentration, and the damage recovery aspects of hydroxyl etching of GaN NWs are very scarce. These etching parameters are of great importance for device performance. Here, these effects are explored thoroughly with a focus on the correlation of InGaN/GaN NW LED performances to KOH etching temperature, concentration, and time, together with a fundamental crystallographic analysis. The KOH concentration resulting in total removal of the NW base tapering and a collimated etch profile for InGaN NW LEDs was found to be 0.8 wt. % at a temperature of 45 °C. A 20 min etch at 23 °C with a 0.1 wt. % KOH concentration will remove surface states from a top-down fabricated NW LED to recover up to 90% of the peak photoluminescence (PL) intensity lost by the dry etch step. The oscillation behavior in PL intensity with regard to the KOH etch time has been demonstrated in InGaN/GaN NW LEDs for the first time, which will shed light upon the design and passivation of these devices for microdisplays. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2019
Full Text
View/download PDF

46. Abundance and species richness of overwintering ground beetles (Coleoptera: Carabidae) are higher in the edge than in the centre of a woodlot

Author

Anthony ROUME, Annie OUIN, Laurent RAISON, and Marc DECONCHAT

Subjects
beneficial arthropods, coleoptera, carabidae, hibernation, emergence trap, woodlot, boundary, edge, logging, Zoology, QL1-991
Abstract

Semi-natural habitats are key components of rural landscapes because they shelter a significant number of overwintering arthropods that are beneficial to agriculture. However, woodlots are semi-natural habitats with high patch-level heterogeneity and this aspect has been poorly studied. The purpose of this study was to determine the influence of woodlot heterogeneity on overwintering ground beetles. Woodlot heterogeneity was characterized in terms of distance from the woodlot boundary and date of the most recent logging operation. We used emergence traps to quantify the population density of ground beetles that overwintered in the different parts of the woodlot. In woodlot edges the densities and species richness of ground beetles were significantly higher than in the rest of the woodlot. Ground beetles that are active in crop fields overwintered in the edges but not in the inner zone of the woodlot. Species assemblages of ground beetles overwintering in the edges were highly diverse. The date of the most recent logging operation did not explain the distribution of ground beetles that overwintered in the woodlot. Our results show that woodlots, and in particular their edges, are used as a winter shelter by ground beetles that spend part of their life in crops, which potentially favours biological control in adjacent crop fields.

Published
2011
Full Text
View/download PDF

49. Landscape parameters explain the distribution and abundance of Episyrphus balteatus (Diptera: Syrphidae)

Author

Jean-Pierre SARTHOU, Annie OUIN, Florent ARRIGNON, Gaël BARREAU, and Bernard BOUYJOU

Subjects
syrphidae, episyrphus balteatus, distribution, abundance, seasons, forest edges, landscape, Zoology, QL1-991
Abstract

We studied the importance of forest structure (shape, edge length and orientation) and the crop mosaic (percentage of crops in the total land cover, within 100 and 2000 m from the forests) to the dynamics of an aphidophagous hoverfly Episyrphus balteatus. Adults were collected by Malaise traps located within and on the south- and north-facing edges of 54 forests. In winter, E. balteatus was only found on south-facing edges because of the greater insolation and temperature. In summer, it was more abundant on north-facing edges because of the abundant presence of flowers. In spring, more adults were found on long and south-facing edges than on northern edges. The presence of shrubs within 2000 m also positively affected abundance. In autumn, abundance was positively associated with length of the north-facing edge and forest shape. Emergence traps revealed that in southern France, E. balteatus may overwinter in the larval or puparial stage in forest edges. Overwintering was earlier reported only in adults. Landscape structure, length of forest edges and probably presence of shrub fallows, influence abundance of Episyrphus balteatus.

Published
2005
Full Text
View/download PDF

50. Spectro-Temporal Heterogeneity Measures from Dense High Spatial Resolution Satellite Image Time Series: Application to Grassland Species Diversity Estimation

Author

Mailys Lopes, Mathieu Fauvel, Annie Ouin, and Stéphane Girard

Subjects
spectral variation hypothesis, spectral heterogeneity, dense satellite image time series, alpha-diversity, grasslands, Science
Abstract

Grasslands represent a significant source of biodiversity that is important to monitor over large extents. The Spectral Variation Hypothesis (SVH) assumes that the Spectral Heterogeneity (SH) measured from remote sensing data can be used as a proxy for species diversity. Here, we argue the hypothesis that the grassland’s species differ in their phenology and, hence, that the temporal variations can be used in addition to the spectral variations. The purpose of this study is to attempt verifying the SVH in grasslands using the temporal information provided by dense Satellite Image Time Series (SITS) with a high spatial resolution. Our method to assess the spectro-temporal heterogeneity is based on a clustering of grasslands using a robust technique for high dimensional data. We propose new SH measures derived from this clustering and computed at the grassland level. We compare them to the Mean Distance to Centroid (MDC). The method is experimented on 192 grasslands from southwest France using an intra-annual multispectral SPOT5 SITS comprising 18 images and using single images from this SITS. The combination of two of the proposed SH measures—the within-class variability and the entropy—in a multivariate linear model explained the variance of the grasslands’ Shannon index more than the MDC. However, there were no significant differences between the predicted values issued from the best models using multitemporal and monotemporal imagery. We conclude that multitemporal data at a spatial resolution of 10 m do not contribute to estimating the species diversity. The temporal variations may be more related to the effect of management practices.

Published
2017
Full Text
View/download PDF

Catalog

Books, media, physical & digital resources
See catalog results