Search

The main purpose of DNS is to convert domain names into IPs. Due to the inadequate precautions taken for the security of DNS, it is used for malicious communication or data leakage. Within the scope of this study, a real-time deep network-based system is proposed on live networks to prevent the common DNS tunneling threats over DNS. The decision-making capability of the proposed system at the instant of threat on a live system is the particular feature of the study. Networks trained with various deep network topologies by using the data from Alexa top 1 million sites were tested on a live network. The system was integrated to the network during the tests to prevent threats in real-time. The result of the tests reveal that the threats were blocked with success rate of 99.91%. Obtained results confirm that we can block almost all tunnel attacks over DNS protocol. In addition, the average time to block each tunneled package was calculated to be 0.923 ms. This time clearly demonstrates that the network flow will not be affected, and no delay will be experienced in the operation of our system in real-time.

Digital image capturing technologies and the internet are widely used today. These technologies make it very easy and fast to capture and share personal images in daily life. This causes difficulties in ensuring the confidentiality of private data and risks such as third persons getting hold of these data. The main goal of this study is to develop a user-friendly, powerful and effective method to encrypt digital images. For this aim, we propose a new block encryption method based on the Profile Hidden Markov Model. The method we propose consists of three main components. These are probability vector (PV), initialization vector (IV) and substitution-box (S-box). Encryption is in 24-bit blocks for color images and 8-bit blocks for grayscale images. The encryption rate in the proposed block encryption method is 0.7747 Mbit/s for color images and 1.0535 Mbit/s for the grayscale images. Theoretical analysis and experimental results confirm that the proposed encryption algorithm can provide high security both for color and grayscale images.

The article discusses two cases of childhood interstitial lung disease (chILD) with undefined causes, potentially related to telomere variants. Telomeres are nucleoprotein complexes at the ends of chromosomes, and telomere-related variants have been linked to interstitial lung disease in adults. The patients in the cases presented tested positive for telomere-related variants, highlighting the importance of evaluating telomere length in children with chILD. The study emphasizes the need for genetic analysis in pediatric patients with chronic ILD to identify new genetic entities and underscores the importance of ongoing monitoring for potential long-term effects of telomere variants in these patients. [Extracted from the article]

Pancake kidney is a renal fusion anomaly with only a few reported prenatal diagnoses. Other structural anomalies beyond the urogenital system may also be associated. This study describes a dual anomaly case detected prenatally, comprising of pancake kidney and jejunal atresia. A postnatal abdominal ultrasound confirmed both kidneys were fused in the midline at the aortic bifurcation level, along with a type 3b jejunal atresia. Based on the available limited evidence about pancake kidney, renal functions appear to remain largely preserved and unaffected as in our case according to 6 months of follow‐up. However, further investigation is needed to explore any potential association with chromosomal and structural abnormalities in selected cases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

At the dawn of the 21st century, the rapid expansion of manufacturing plants and the widespread destruction of natural habitats significantly contributed to accelerating global warming. This phenomenon has led to severe droughts, irreversible agricultural damage, and substantial challenges in securing food supplies for the burgeoning global population. The alarming surge in atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations underscores the urgent need to embrace clean energy technologies. To date, the primary goal of mankind is to develop innovative approaches to return Earth's ecology to its pre-industrial condition, as a century ago. The special issue (SI) in the International Journal of Hydrogen Energy presents a collection of papers on photosynthetic and biomimetic hydrogen (H2) production, presented at the ‘Photosynthesis and Hydrogen Energy Research for Sustainability – 2023’ conference, held in Istanbul, Turkey, from 3–9 July 2023 (https://phrs-conference.com). The event was supported by the International Society of Photosynthesis Research (ISPR) and the International Association for Hydrogen Energy (IAHE). SI aims to deliver the latest insights into sustainable energy, with a particular emphasis on Biohydrogen and Artificial Photosynthesis. At the conference, nine promising young investigators were honoured with awards. Included herein are photographs capturing the conference's congenial atmosphere. We cordially invite you to the 12th International Meeting of ‘Photosynthesis and Hydrogen Energy Research for Sustainability – 2024’, honouring esteemed researchers John Allen (UK), Eva-Mari Aro (Finland), Ibrahim Dincer (Canada), Kazunari Domen (Japan), Elizabeth Gantt (USA), Andrey Rubin (Russia), and scheduled to take place in Turkey (13–19 October 2024). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives The lower extremity venous wall thickness (VWT) of Behçet's disease (BD) patients was reported to be significantly increased in adults, suggesting its use for the support of BD diagnosis. This prospective study aimed to investigate the lower extremity VWT in childhood-onset definite and incomplete BD patients and compare it to healthy age-matched controls. Methods Paediatric patients classified with BD according to the 2015 international paediatric BD criteria in our centre were included in the study. Intima-media thickness of the lower extremity veins to evaluate VWT was measured by ultrasonography, including common femoral vein (CFV), femoral vein (FV), vena saphena magna, vena saphena parva and popliteal vein (PV). Results In this cross-sectional study, VWT was measured in 35 patients (63% male) and 27 healthy controls (55% male). Thirteen (37%) of 35 patients met the criteria for the diagnosis of BD. The remaining 22 (63%) had incomplete BD and met two criteria. The median VWT values of both definite and incomplete BD patients were significantly higher than the control group in all veins on both sides. Regarding the best cut-off values of VWT for all lower extremity veins, the sensitivity rates were between 63% and 86%, while specificity rates were between 71% and 100%. Conclusion Increased VWT was present not only in BD patients with vascular involvement but also in those without. We suggest that VWT may be a new criterion in supporting the diagnosis of childhood BD both in definite and incomplete BD patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]