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Abstract Background The aim of this study was to compare the cyclic fatigue resistance (CFR) of the newly developed pediatric nickel-titanium (NiTi) rotary file systems for root canal preparation of primary teeth. Methods Eighty pediatric NiTi rotary file systems files were used in this study, including 20 EasyInSmile X-Baby (25/0.04), 20 Scope miniScope (25/0.04), 20 EndoArt Pedo Gold (25/0.04), and 20 EndoArt Pedo Blue (25/0.04) files. Static CFR tests; performed on a custom-made stainless steel block with an inner diameter of 1.5 mm, an angle of curvature of 60° and a curved artificial canal with a radius of curvature of 5 mm. The test system was filled with distilled water and the temperature was kept constant at 35 ± 1 °C. The files were rotated in the simulated canal until fracture occurred. The number of cycles to failure (NCF) data was recorded, and all the fracture surfaces of the files were evaluated using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). One-way ANOVA and Tukey tests were used for statistical analysis of the data, and the significance level was set at p 0.05). Conclusion The EndoArt Pedo Blue file system showed the best CFR performance among the four file systems specifically designed for primary teeth.

Summary: Background: Adverse non-motor outcomes have a major impact on patients and caregivers after stroke, but knowledge of their prevalence, predictors and patterns across multiple health domains remains limited; we therefore aimed to obtain these data in a large observational prospective cohort study. Methods: We included data from the Stroke Investigation Group in North and Central London (SIGNAL) registry based at the University College London Hospitals (UCLH) Comprehensive Stroke Service which serves a multi-ethnic population of ∼1.6 million people. In adult patients diagnosed with acute stroke due to cerebral ischaemia or intracerebral haemorrhage (ICH) from January 2017 to January 2020 we evaluated non-motor outcomes (anxiety, depression, fatigue, sleep disturbance, social participation, pain, bowel dysfunction, bladder dysfunction, mood problems, communication problems, activities of daily living (ADL), memory and thinking problems) at 6-month follow-up. We evaluated baseline predictors in multivariable logistic regression, and correlations between domains using kappa statistics. Findings: Follow-up was complete for 3080 of 3338 (92.3%) eligible surviving patients (2534 ischaemic stroke, 547 with ICH; mean age 71.2 years, 1379 (44.8%) female, 1774 (59.3%) white). The most prevalent adverse non-motor outcomes were fatigue 1756 (57%), reduced social participation 1694 (55%), sleep disturbance 1663 (54%), and constipation 1355 (44%). The rates of adverse non-motor outcomes in ⩾ 1, ⩾ 2, ⩾ 3, ⩾ 4, and ⩾ 5 domains were 2310 (75%), 1571 (51%), 1519 (49%), 1232 (40%), and 801 (26%), respectively. Factors associated with adverse non-motor outcomes included stroke due to ICH, stroke severity, previous stroke, or history of cardiovascular disease. We identified moderate correlations between fatigue and sleep disturbance (kappa = 0.72); memory and thinking impairment and reduced ADL (kappa = 0.68); and communication problems and ADL (kappa = 0.70). Interpretation: Adverse non-motor outcomes are highly prevalent and often multiple at 6-months after stroke: 75% have at least one affected domain; fatigue, sleep disturbance, and reduced social participation each affect over 50% of survivors, and 26% of patients report ≥5 adverse outcomes. Our findings suggest an urgent need to better detect and mitigate these outcomes to improve quality of life after stroke. Funding: The National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR) UCLH Biomedical Research Centre.

Abstract Background Surface tension and contact angle properties, which play a crucial role in determining the effectiveness of irrigation solutions in penetrating dentin surfaces and dentin tubules, are highly important for the development of new irrigation solutions and their preferences. The aim of the current study was to compare the surface tension and contact angle properties of different irrigation solutions used in endodontics, both on the dentin surface and within dentin tubules. Methods In this study, the contact angles and surface tensions of 5.25% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl), 17% ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), 2% chlorhexidine (CHX), 5% boric acid (BA), 0.02% hypochlorous acid (HOCl), 0.2% chlorine dioxide (ClO2), Biopure MTAD, QMix solutions, and distilled water (control group) were measured. Measurements were conducted using a goniometer device (Attension Theta Lite Tensiometer, Biolin Scientific, USA), employing the sessile drop method for contact angle measurements on pre-prepared dentin surfaces, and the pendant drop method for surface tension. Results Contact angle measurements revealed no statistically significant differences between the contact angle values of MTAD, ClO2, and CHX or between NaOCl, QMix, BA, and HOCl (p > 0.05). However, EDTA exhibited a significantly greater contact angle than did MTAD, ClO2, CHX, NaOCl, QMix, BA, and HOCl (p 0.05). CHX exhibited lower surface tension than distilled water and HOCl (p

This study used skeletochronology to assess the relationships between age and body length among individuals in a population of the Tavas Frog (Rana tavasensis), located in the Çakıroluk plateau, Tavas district, Denizli province. The age varied from 3 to 12 years in both adult males and females. The age was 2 years in two subadult males, while it was 1 year in one juvenile specimen. The mean SVL and age of the adult individuals of the Çakıroluk population were 62.75 mm and 6.70 years in male specimens and 58.04 mm and 6.12 years in female specimens. A positive correlation was found between body size (SVL) and age in adult female and male individuals of the species. Because the number of individuals of the species is rapidly decreasing, species protection measures, based on knowledge related to the age structure and breeding features of these frogs, must be put into action urgently.

Objectives: To compare the cyclic fatigue resistances of MicroMega Remover, EndoArt, and ProTaper nickel-titanium retreatment files when used in curved artificial canals. Methods: A total of 45 new C-wire Remover, controlled-memory wire EndoArt D2, and nonheat-treated NiTi ProTaper D2 retreatment files, 15 per group, were tested in a stainless-steel block containing an 18-mm-long artificial canal with curvature in the apical third, an inner diameter of 1.5 mm, a curvature angle of 60°, and a radius of curvature of 5 mm. The experimental system was filled with distilled water, and the ambient temperature was kept constant at 35±1°C. The retreatment files were rotated until fracture to calculate the number of cycles to failure. The length of each fractured fragment was recorded. The number of cycles to failure and the fragment length values were analyzed using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey post-hoc tests. The statistical significance level was set at p

Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı, yapay kanallar kullanılarak yeni ve kullanılmış Revo-S nikel titanyum döner eğe sisteminin döngüsel yorgunluk (DY) dirençlerinin karşılaştırılmasıdır. Gereç ve Yöntem: Her gruptan 12 adet olmak üzere toplam 72 adet yeni ve 2 defa klinikte kullanılmış Revo-S SC1 (25/.06), Revo-S SC2 (25/.04) ve Revo-S SU (25/.06) eğeler çalışmaya dahil edildi. DY direnci testleri için iç çapı 1.5 mm olan, 60° eğrilik açısı ve 5 mm eğrilik yarıçapına sahip olan kavisli bir yapay kanal içeren paslanmaz çelik blok kullanıldı. Deney sistemi distile su ile dolduruldu ve ortam sıcaklığı 35 ± 1 °C sıcaklıkta sabit tutuldu. Eğeler kırılma gerçekleşene kadar yapay kanal içinde çalıştırıldı. Her eğe için kırılma gerçekleşene kadar geçen süre kronometre ile kaydedildi ve eğelerin kırılıncaya kadar yaptıkları tur sayısı hesaplandı. Elde edilen veriler tek yönlü varyans analizi ve post-hoc Tukey testi kullanılarak değerlendirildi. Bulgular: Eğelerin kırılıncaya kadar yaptığı ortalama tur sayısı en yüksek yeni SC2 eğe grubunda (912.3 ± 76.8), en düşük ise kullanılmış SU eğe grubunda (204.2 ± 59.6) bulundu. SC1 ve SC2 eğeler için yeni ve kullanılmış eğeler arasında DY direnci açısından istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir fark gözlenmez iken (p>0.05), SU eğe grubunda anlamlı bir fark bulundu (p

Simple Summary: The main objective of this study was to provide the first information on the age structure of the critically endangered and endemic frog species, Rana tavasensis, in Türkiye. Age data are important in evaluating the dynamics of populations and effective conservation strategies should be addressed according to age-related parameters (e.g., longevity, mean age, growth rate, and age at maturity). Skeletochronology is an effective method for estimating the ages of amphibians, and using this method, we determined the mean age, longevity, and relationship between age and body size in both males and females of a R. tavasensis population in Çakıroluk, the terra-typica, located in Denizli province, Türkiye. The results of our study provides insights for taking feature measures to protect these frogs, whose number has progressively declined each year due to habitat loss and degradation. This study used skeletochronology to assess the relationships between age and body length among individuals in a population of the Tavas Frog (Rana tavasensis), located in the Çakıroluk plateau, Tavas district, Denizli province. The age varied from 3 to 12 years in both adult males and females. The age was 2 years in two subadult males, while it was 1 year in one juvenile specimen. The mean SVL and age of the adult individuals of the Çakıroluk population were 62.75 mm and 6.70 years in male specimens and 58.04 mm and 6.12 years in female specimens. A positive correlation was found between body size (SVL) and age in adult female and male individuals of the species. Because the number of individuals of the species is rapidly decreasing, species protection measures, based on knowledge related to the age structure and breeding features of these frogs, must be put into action urgently. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Age and body size in a lowland population of Lissotriton schmidtleri in the İstanbul Province of Türkiye were examined by applying the skeletochronology method. The age range varies between 5 to 11 years in males and 4 to 8 years in females. The mean age and SVL values were 8.1 years and 36.28 mm in males and 6.4 years and 37.72 mm in females. The mean SVL and age values showed a significant difference between the sexes. The present study showed sexual dimorphism and different life expectancy between sexes. The estimated potential reproductive lifespan was higher in males than females. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: This study assessed the antibacterial activity of both separate and combined uses of 5.25% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl), 2% chlorhexidine (CHX), 17% ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), 3% hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), MTAD, SmearClear (SC) and 13.8% chlorine dioxide (ClO2) irrigation solutions against Enterococcus faecalis. Material and Methods: Two hundred eighty single rooted human premolars were randomly grouped into 26 test and 2 control (negative and positive) groups and were incubated for 24 h with E. faecalis, except for the negative control group. The tested solutions were as follow: NaOCl; CHX; ClO2; MTAD; SC; EDTA; H2O2; NaOCl + CHX; NaOCl + MTAD; SC + NaOCl; EDTA + NaOCl; H2O2 + NaOCl; ClO2 + CHX; CHX + MTAD; SC + CHX; EDTA + CHX; CHX + H2O2; ClO2 + MTAD; SC + ClO2; EDTA + ClO2; ClO2 + H2O2; SC+MTAD; EDTA+MTAD; MTAD + H2O2; SC + H2O2; and EDTA + H2O2. Optic density values were recorded at 0, 6, 12, 18, 24, 30, 36, 42 and 48 h and bac-terial growth curve created for each solution. Results: The CHX, MTAD and ClO2 showed a high poten-tial for the elimination of E. faecalis, both alone and in all combinations. The EDTA, H2O2, H2O2 + EDTA, H2O2 + NaOCl and SC + NaOCl groups showed less antibacterial activity than the other groups. The SC + CHX group showed the best antibacterial effect against E. faecalis. Conclusion: The SC + CHX com-bination can be recommended as the most effective irrigation regimen against E. faecalisin persis-tent endodontic infections.

Background: Adverse non-motor outcomes are common after acute stroke and likely to substantially affect quality of life, yet few studies have comprehensively assessed their prevalence, patterns, and predictors across multiple health domains. Aims: We aimed to identify the prevalence, patterns, and the factors associated with non-motor outcomes 30 days after stroke. Methods: This prospective observational hospital cohort study—Stroke Investigation in North and Central London (SIGNAL)—identified patients with acute ischemic stroke or intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) admitted to the Hyperacute Stroke Unit (HASU) at University College Hospital (UCH), London, between August 1, 2018 and August 31, 2019. We assessed non-motor outcomes (anxiety, depression, fatigue, sleep, participation in social roles and activities, pain, bowel function, and bladder function) at 30-day follow-up using the Patient-Reported Outcome Measurement Information System-Version 29 (PROMIS-29) scale and Barthel Index scale. Results: We obtained follow-up data for 605/719 (84.1%) eligible patients (mean age 72.0 years; 48.3% female; 521 with ischemic stroke, 84 with ICH). Anxiety (57.0%), fatigue (52.7%), bladder dysfunction (50.2%), reduced social participation (49.2%), and pain (47.9%) were the commonest adverse non-motor outcomes. The rates of adverse non-motor outcomes in ⩾ 1, ⩾ 2 and ⩾ 3 domains were 89%, 66.3%, and 45.8%, respectively; in adjusted analyses, stroke due to ICH (compared to ischemic stroke) and admission stroke severity were the strongest and most consistent predictors. There were significant correlations between bowel dysfunction and bladder dysfunction (κ = 0.908); reduced social participation and bladder dysfunction (κ = 0.844); and anxiety and fatigue (κ = 0.613). We did not identify correlations for other pairs of non-motor domains. Conclusion: Adverse non-motor outcomes were very common at 30 days after stroke, affecting nearly 90% of evaluated patients in at least one health domain, about two-thirds in two or more domains, and almost 50% in three or more domains. Stroke due to ICH and admission stroke severity were the strongest and most consistent predictors. Adverse outcomes occurred in pairs of domains, such as with anxiety and fatigue. Our findings emphasize the importance of a multi-domain approach to effectively identify adverse non-motor outcomes after stroke to inform the development of more holistic patient care pathways after stroke. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Pulmonary embolism (PE) is a common complication of deep vein thrombosis that causes high mortality and morbidity. This study aimed to determine the relationship between clinical risk scoring for early mortality and fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) in PE patients. Methods: The study included a total of 98 subjects, 68 patients diagnosed with PE in the emergency department, and 30 healthy controls. Patients with PE were grouped according to clinical scoring of early mortality risk as low (n = 20), moderate-low (n = 24), and moderate-high (n = 24) risk. FeNO levels were measured after diagnosis. Results: FeNO levels were significantly higher in patients with moderate-high risk PE compared to the other three groups and in those with moderate-low risk PE compared to the control group (p < 0.001 for all). Moderate to strong positive correlations were observed between FeNO level and mean pulmonary artery pressure (r = 0.818, p = 0.01), troponin-I (r = 0.67, p = 0.01), pro-BNP (r = 0.762, p = 0.01), and D-dimer levels (r = 0.652, p = 0.01). A FeNO cutoff value of 7.5 ppb had 84% sensitivity and 78% specificity in differentiating moderate-high risk PE from moderate-low risk PE. Conclusions: FeNO may be as reliable, noninvasive, and easily accessible as cardiac biomarkers in clinical risk scoring for early mortality in PE patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Throughout history, cities have offered a place for freedom and accommodated differences. Ideological and social developments have taken place in urban spaces where differences, different cultures and ideologies gathered together. Therefore, significant attention should be paid to public-oriented planning and design of urban spaces in the face of social segregation and disintegration experienced in cities. However, cities inTurkeyare mostly transformed under the pressure of international and national capital. The most recent legal instrument governing urban redevelopment, the Law no. 6306 on Transformation of Areas under Disaster Risk contains quite controversial provisions relating to many paradigms. Its uncertainty over public property and public spaces, and the Ministry of Environment and Urban Planning as the sole authority in this field leave all the public spaces at “risk”.GeziPark, a ‘saved’ public space in the backdrop of protests, is still exposed to risks of being stripped off its public nature. This study browses through the literature on public spaces and urban redevelopment, while evaluating the Law no. 6306 on Transformation of Areas under Disaster Risk. It goes on to evaluateGeziParkevents, from the perspective of these experiences and the interviews conducted thereafter. The study concludes how actually the aforementioned Law may itself pose risks for our public spaces.

Copyright of Necmettin Erbakan University Dental Journal (NEU Dent J) is the property of Necmettin Erbakan University Dental Journal (NEU Dent J) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Textiles & Engineers / Tekstil ve Mühendis is the property of Union of Chambers of Turkish Engineers & Architects, Chamber of Textile Engineers and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)