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Ectopic gallbladder (GB) is a very rare anomaly. Ectopic GB can be found in intrahepatic, suprahepatic, retrohepatic, retroperitoneal sites as well as in falciform ligament, intra-abdominal wall, left abdominal quadrant and intrathoracic localizations. A 43-year-old male patient presented with a right upper quadrant pain in the abdomen. Upon detection of a cystic lesion with lobulated contour associated with GB in the liver in ultrasound examination, dynamic magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), MRI cholangiopancreatography, and contrast-enhanced MRI cholangiography were performed on the patient. MRI revealed that the lesion was a partial ectopic intrahepatic GB. In this article, we presented an ectopic partial intrahepatic gall bladder anomaly, which is very uncommon and has been previously described by surgical operations and cadaver studies, according to our literature review.

Colonic lipomas are uncommon and usually asymptomatic tumors. A 30-year-old woman with abdominal pain lasting 10 days was admitted to the surgical clinic. Her physical examination revealed sensitivity on the right upper quadrant and her bowel sounds were normal. A lesion and invagination findings in the colon were found in the ultrasound examination and CT was performed. CT scan revealed a lipoma and invagination in the colon and the patient has undergone surgery. Pathological diagnosis of the lesion was reported as submucosallipoma. In this case report, we present clinical and radiological findings of a submucosal colonic lipoma causing intussusception.

This study integrates the Lean Six Sigma (LSS) DMAIC (design, measure, analyze, improve, control) methodology with the Life Cycle and Value Stream Level of RAMI 4.0 by proposing a systematic structure that includes LSS 4.0 tools and techniques for each level. The fuzzy Entropy Weighting method is used to evaluate LSS 4.0 tools and techniques for each level, and a sample implementation of the proposed structure is conducted in a high-technology electronics firm. The results indicated that the proposed structure effectively integrates the LSS and DMAIC methodology with the Life Cycle and Value Stream Level of RAMI 4.0. The results suggest that although the DMAIC methodology is applicable for each life cycle stage, the most important approaches vary for each life cycle level. Therefore, DMAIC implementation for each level should be conducted separately for each life cycle and LSS 4.0 tools and techniques should be chosen according to the specific needs. This article proposes a novel systematic structure that includes LSS 4.0 tools and techniques for each DMAIC stage and that can be used for LSS implementation in RAMI 4.0. The proposed structure will contribute to systemizing the complex structure of Industry 4.0 in the implementation phase of smart factories. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: This research aims to investigate and define the eight wastes of lean philosophy in higher education institutions (HEIs) by proposing a multi-stage model. Design/methodology/approach: The authors have used a specific multi-criteria decision-making method, fuzzy decision-making trial and evaluation laboratory, to investigate the cause-effect relationships and importance order between criteria for wastes in HEIs. In total, 22 criteria were categorized under eight wastes of lean. The study was implemented in a business school with the participation of faculty members from different departments. Findings: The results showed that the most important wastes in the business school selected were repeated tasks, unnecessary bureaucracy, errors because of misunderstanding/communication problems, excessive number of academic units and creation of an excessive amount of information. Another important result was that all the sub-wastes of talent were in the causes group, while motion and transportation wastes were in the effect group. Practical implications: A road map to guide lean transformation for HEIs is proposed with a multi-stage model and potential areas for improvement in HEIs were presented. Originality/value: This study proposes a multi-stage structure by applying multi-criteria decision-making to HEIs, focussing on wastes from a lean perspective.

Operating with fixed schedules requires coordinating and cooperating with many actors in liner shipping. Therefore, liner operators announce predetermined cut-off dates for each voyage for Sippers to perform cargo-related transactions and send their documents. The shippers complain that the cut-off times are primarily for the operator's benefit and create a very tight time. However, the operators have trouble that the shippers cannot fulfill the necessary instructions and documents on time. From this point of view, this study aims to offer optimized cut-off determination for liner services and employs a mixed-method approach to evaluate the cut-off process of liner operators. Firstly, a qualitative study was conducted to obtain factors affecting cut-off date determination. Second, the factors affecting cut-off dates were analyzed with the fuzzy Total Interpretive Structural Modelling (TISM) method. Third, a step-by-step shipping process from booking to the vessel's departure was developed. Moreover, the simulation method was applied with actual data to offer alternative schedules for a liner operator for its two liner services. The results show that even using only the two strongest driving factors determined in the TISM process (TEU capacity of the vessel and number of port calls) improves the cut-off determination simulation performance results by 20%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

End of life (EOL) phase of a product is receiving more attention due to increase in environmental concerns, and many studies have been conducted for value creation in EOL, focusing on concepts as remanufacturing, reuse and recycling in sustainable production manner. This study especially focuses on one of global problem, e-waste. To minimise the amount of wastes and maximise recovered materials from EOL, disassembly is one of the most important concept, associated with reuse, and balancing disassembly line in an optimal way is essential for organisations. In disassembly line balancing (DLB), not only precedence of tasks, but also risk criteria related to environment and human safety should be considered for sustainability. The aim of this study is to propose a model based on triple bottom line (TBL) dimensions, i.e. human safety, environmental safety and business criteria. To achieve sustainability in DLB, and for risk assessment in sustainable DLB, it had been decided to use a multi-criteria method, i.e. TODIM, acronym in Portuguese of 'Tomada de Decisão Iterativa Multicritério'. The proposed model included 22 disassembly criteria categorised under TBL dimensions, which are derived from the literature. Implementation of the study was conducted for computer disassembly processes, and as a result of the study approximately 12% an improvement in cycle time was succeeded. In the long run, the integration of sustainability in disassembly operations may contribute to the competitive advantage of the company in terms of differentiation and corporate image by achieving business, environment and human targets simultaneously. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Transition from a linear to a circular economy (CE) is a challenging process for a sustainable supply chain, and innovative process approaches and technologies are needed to deal with the risks involved. Industry 4.0 principles have great potential to achieve optimal sustainable supply chain solutions and are expected to add value to sustainable supply chain operations by increasing efficiency and resource utilisation. Therefore, Industry 4.0 supports companies transitioning to a CE through improving the efficiency and sustainability of their supply chain management. Thus, the purpose of this paper is to investigate the potential risks of the transition from a linear to a CE, with proposed Industry 4.0-based responses from an operations management perspective within the sustainable supply chain. Implementation of the study was conducted in a logistics company in Turkey. An integrated MCDM (Multi-criteria Decision Making) approach was based on Fuzzy AHP, and TODIM was used to analyse the association between risks and responses. According to the findings, the most important Industry 4.0-based responses are the integrated business processes for cross-functional collaboration, modular processes for simplification and standardisation, and continuous monitoring of the cost and performance throughout the supply chain by big data and analytics. This study may assist managers in managing risks in supply chain operations during the transition from a linear to a CE through Industry 4.0 based responses. The main contribution of this study is a greater understanding of the risks related to the transition from a linear to a circular economy, and proposals for Industry 4.0-based responses as a means of overcoming these risks in a sustainable supply chain context. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]