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Background: To measure the quality of life by using the Standardized Pediatric Asthma Quality of Life Questionnaire(PAQLQ(S)) in children with asthma and to determine the association of the Childhood Asthma Control Test(c-ACT) and Global Initiative for Asthma(GINA) criteria of asthma control with the PAQLQ(S) domains. Methods: This study was planned in a cross-sectional design. All consecutive children between the ages 7-11 years who had been followed up at least one year with a diagnosis of asthma were enrolled. Children filled out PAQLQ(S). The levels of asthma control were defined by c-ACT and GINA criteria of asthma control. Results: Of the total 120 children, the median(%25-75) PAQLQ(S) and c-ACT scores were 4.90(1.3) and 17.9(4.8). All children had quality of life impairments except four. According to c-ACT, 41.7% of children were controlled; 58.3% of them were uncontrolled. PAQLQ(S) scores were found to be correlated with both c-ACT scores(pConclusion: Asthma affects the quality of life in children. PAQLQ(S) scores decrease significantly when asthma is out of control. PAQLQ(S) is more significantly associated with c-ACT than GINA criteria. It would be useful in clinical practice if c-ACT or GINA criteria can be improved to cover quality of life, at least the part of the quality of life related to the symptoms or the activity limitations and emotional functions.

Amaç: Araştırmanın amacı sağlık yönetimi öğrencilerinin tıpta kullanılan yapay zeka uygulamalarına ilişkin bilgi, düşünce ve yaklaşımları hakkında tanımlayıcı bilgiler ortaya koymaktır. Gereç ve Yöntem: Araştırma nicel ve kesitsel tiptedir. Araştırma 185 sağlık yönetimi öğrencisi üzerinde gerçekleştirilmiştir. Veriler online ortamda oluşturulan anket formu aracılığıyla toplanmıştır. Anket formu toplam 27 sorudan oluşmaktadır. Verilerin analizinde SPSS 27 paket programı kullanılmıştır ve tanımlayıcı istatistiksel bulgular ortaya konulmuştur. Bulgular: Araştırma kapsamında katılımcıların tamamına yakını yapay zekâ kavramını bildiğini, ancak yalnızca %31,9’u tıp alanındaki yapay zekâ uygulamalarını bildiğini ifade etmiştir. Buna ek olarak yapay zekanın tıp alanında sağlığın geliştirilmesi ve koruyucu sağlık hizmetlerinde kullanılmaya uygun olduğunu belirten katılımcılar çoğunluktadır. Ayrıca katılımcıların geneli yapay zekâ uygulamalarının tanı, tedavi ve genel manada tıp alanında önemli avantajlar ve faydalar sağlayacağını belirtmektedir. Yapay zekanın insan hekimin yerini alamayacağını belirten katılımcıların tıp alanında yapay zekâ uygulamalarını tam olarak güvenilir bulmadıkları da görülmüştür. Sonuç: Sonuç olarak sağlık yönetimi öğrencileri tıpta yapay zekâ uygulamaları ile ilgili çok detaylı bilgiye sahip olmasa da bu uygulamaların tıp alanında önemli gelişmeleri sağlayacağını bildirmişlerdir. Ayrıca bu uygulamaları güvenilir bulmasalar bile tıpta yapay zekanın kendilerinde merak uyandırdığı ve buna yönelik eğitimleri almaya istekli oldukları görülmüştür. Dolayısıyla sağlık yönetimi öğrencileri tıpta yapay zekaya karşı olumlu bir yaklaşıma sahiptir.

The purpose of this study is to investigate how the antioxidants resveratrol and epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) protect SH-SY5Y cells against damage caused by hydrogen peroxide (H2O2).SH-SY5Y cells were pretreated with EGCG and resveratrol at concentrations of 0.1 μM, 1 μM, and 10 μM, individually and in various combinations. Cells were exposed to 250 μM H2O2 for 1-hour following a 24-hour pretreatment. The effects of EGCG and resveratrol on cellular survival against hydrogen peroxide toxicity were evaluated with the MTS. Caspase 3 levels were measured with caspase 3 ELISA test for evaluating survival. The clonogenic test was utilized to assess the colony forming capacity.The MTS test revealed that pretreatment of SH-SY5Y cells for 24 hours with EGCG and Resveratrol enhanced cellular survival against hydrogen peroxide damage at all dosages (p0.005). The caspase 3 ELISA test revealed that EGCG and resveratrol statistically substantially decreased caspase 3 levels and improved cellular survival via the caspase 3 pathway (p0.005). The clonogenic test findings show that resveratrol and EGCG statistically boost SH-SY5Y cells' potential to form colonies (p0.005).By reducing caspase 3 levels in exposure to hydrogen peroxide damage, EGCG and resveratrol promote cellular viability (Tab. 1, Fig. 3, Ref. 37). Text in PDF www.elis.sk Keywords: epigallocatechin-3-gallate, resveratrol, hydrogen peroxide, neurodegeneration.

Food protein-induced enterocolitis syndrome (FPIES) is an under-recognized and frequently misdiagnosed non-IgE-mediated gastrointestinal food hypersensitivity disorder. We describe the first case of FPIES only to wheat confirmed by an oral food challenge (OFC). The male patient, who was breast fed for the first 2 months, and then was feeding with cow's milk-based formula until he became 4.5 months old, was given a tarhana soup (wheat and yoghurt) for the initial food trial. Two hours later, he started retching and vomited consecutively, suffering from watery diarrhea. He was taken to a medical center, where he was diagnosed acute gastroenteritis. He suffered from three more episodes after feeding wheat-containing foods. When the patient was 12 months old, an OFC with wheat was performed. Two hours after he had been challenged, he vomited repetitively, became lethargic, his systolic blood pressure dropped from 95 to 80 mm Hg and stool examination revealed eosinophils and leukocytes, which were negative before the challenge. The serum eosinophil count decreased from 460 to 270 mu L and the neutrophil count increased from 2,200 to 10,500 mu L at 6 h. The skin prick test with wheat extract, prick to prick test with whole wheat and serum-specific Ig E for wheat were negative. We conclude that FPIES can emerge with food in connection with eating habits or culture. In view of its potentially serious clinical course, it is critical to consider this diagnosis in young children presenting with acute onset of gastrointestinal symptoms or shock.

Aim: ‘National Tobacco Control Program’ had developed in Turkey by the Ministry of Health in 2009 with amendment of Law 4207 and all closed places became smoke-free. The National Media Campaign has been initiated with the “Smoke Free Air-Zone” slogan for raising public awareness. The aim of our study is to determine the smoking status and attitude of Health Management students about Law 4207 in a university in Turkey, four years after the application of Smoke Free Air-Zone. Methods: In this study we used a questionnaire with 33 questions, which was developed by researchers and Fagerstrom Nicotine Dependent Test to obtain the addiction level of the smokers. Results: Sixty-two percent of 244 students were female. 3.3% were ex-smokers and 10.7% were active smokers. 5.2% of females and 19.3% of males were smoking. 87.5% of smokers think smoking habbit is harmful. 41.4% of the students thought that Law 4207 was generally accepted by the society. Conclusion: Reducing the smoking prevalence and increasing the awareness about the Law 4207 among health administrators is very important for the imlementation of health policy. So our research has an importance to highlight this subject and increase the awareness of the campaign. Keywords: administrators, Law 4207, smoking cessation, tobacco use cessation

Incidence of food allergy (FA) during nursing period is 6–8% globally and It is reported %5,7 in Turkey. In our study, the aim is to determine whether the prevalence of food allergy (FA) increases in children vaccinated against rotavirus. The files of 681 infants who are still followed-up were retrospectively evaluated. Children who did not come to our clinic for all of their well-child follow-up visits were excluded from the study. Moreover, children diagnosed with allergy before vaccination and children with known gastrointestinal system disease were excluded from the study. The number of patients diagnosed with food allergy after being vaccinated against rotavirus was 12 (1.76%). Three children had a family history of allergy. Of 12 patients who were diagnosed after vaccination, 3 (n:104) were vaccinated with pentavalent vaccine and 9 (n:507) with monovalent vaccine. In the monovalent vaccination group, food allergy was found in 9 children (1.55%), and in the pentavalent vaccination group, food allergy was found in 3 children (2.88%). The difference between the two vaccination groups in terms of food allergy prevalence was not significant (p > .05). Although it is believed that food allergy, and even cow’s milk protein allergy (CMPA) prevalence increases in infants vaccinated against rotavirus, in this study, no significant increase was observed in the prevalence of food allergy after rotavirus vaccination. Both types of vaccine had similar rates to each other.

BackgroundReproductive success and normal development in all animals are dependent on egg quality and developmental competence of the produced embryo. This study employed tandem mass tags labeling based liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry for egg proteomic profiling to investigate differences in the global proteome of good versus poor quality Atlantic halibut eggs at 1-cell stage post fertilization.ResultsA total of 115 proteins were found to be differentially abundant between good and poor quality eggs. Frequency distribution of these proteins revealed higher protein folding activity in good quality eggs in comparison to higher transcription and protein degradation activities in poor quality eggs (p < 0.05). Poor quality halibut eggs were significantly enriched with additional proteins related to mitochondrial structure and biogenesis (p < 0.05). The differential abundance of a selection of proteins was first confirmed at gene expression level using a transcriptomic approach followed by a targeted proteomic approach (parallel reaction monitoring based mass spectrometry) in biological samples obtained from two consecutive reproductive seasons. The findings of global proteome profiling, together with the validation of differential abundance of targeted proteins and their related genes, suggest impairments in protein and energy homeostasis which might be related to unfolded protein response and mitochondrial stress in poor quality eggs. Additional transmission electron microscopy studies were taken to assess potential differences in abundance and morphological integrity of mitochondria between good and poor quality eggs. Observations reveal poor quality eggs to contain significantly higher number of mitochondria with higher number of cristae. These mitochondria, however, are significantly smaller and have a more irregular shape than those found in high-quality eggs. Therewithal difference in mtDNA levels represented by mt-nd5 and mt-atp6 genomic DNA abundance in this study, were found to be not statistically significant (p > 0.05) between good and bad quality eggs at both 1 hpf and 24 hpf stages.ConclusionOverall evidence from this study indicate that poor quality eggs undergo impairments at both transcription and translation level leading to endoplasmic reticulum and mitochondrial deficiencies. Additional research may be required to expediate the details and the potential of these impairments occurring in different species. Nonetheless, this study will pave the way for future research and will help in acceleration of recent advances in the field of embryonic developmental competence of living organisms.

Objective: Bladder cancer (BCa) is the fifth most common cancer and the second most common urinary tract cancer in worldwide. BCa accounts for 3% of all cancers and is particularly common in developed countries. Material and methods: Eighteen of the 20 patients included in the study were male, 2 were female, mean age was 65.1±12.1(range:37-75) years. The control group consisted of 19 male one female, mean age was 60.3±11.2 (range:40-70) years. A total of seven miRNAs, let-7c, miR-155, miR-125b, miR-141 miR-145, miR 181 and miR 192 were evaluated in two groups. Results: MiRNAs of bladder cancer patients and healthy individuals were compared according to endogenous miR 181 and miR 192 Delta CT values, miR125b values of bladder cancer cases were found to be significantly higher than healthy controls.(p=0.021) In our study, miR125b, which we found specific and sensitive in endogenous controls, was compatible with studies in the literature. As conclusion, we emphasize that mir125b can be used as a predictor in bladder cancer compared with the literature. The current study was funded by Republic of Turkey, Ministry of Science and Industry, KOSGEB Antalya Directorate within the scope of the project entitled “MicroRNA kits in the early diagnosis of cancer” conducted by AGTC Özel Genetik Sağlık Hizm. Tur. San. Tic. Ltd. Şti. Grand Number: 0080785533

Precocious male maturation causes reduced welfare and increased production costs in Atlantic salmon (

Natural disaster impact assessment is of the utmost significance for post-disaster recovery, environmental protection, and hazard mitigation plans. With their recent usage in landslide susceptibility mapping, deep learning (DL) architectures have proven their efficiency in many scientific studies. However, some restrictions, including insufficient model variance and limited generalization capabilities, have been reported in the literature. To overcome these restrictions, ensembling DL models has often been preferred as a practical solution. In this study, an ensemble DL architecture, based on shared blocks, was proposed to improve the prediction capability of individual DL models. For this purpose, three DL models, namely Convolutional Neural Network (CNN), Recurrent Neural Network (RNN), and Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM), together with their ensemble form (CNN–RNN–LSTM) were utilized to model landslide susceptibility in Trabzon province, Turkey. The proposed DL architecture produced the highest modeling performance of 0.93, followed by CNN (0.92), RNN (0.91), and LSTM (0.86). Findings proved that the proposed model excelled the performance of the DL models by up to 7% in terms of overall accuracy, which was also confirmed by the Wilcoxon signed-rank test. The area under curve analysis also showed a significant improvement (~4%) in susceptibility map accuracy by the proposed strategy.

Hereditary angioedema (HAE) is characterized by recurrent angioedema attacks with no urticaria. This disease has a high mortality due to asphyxia. Level of complement 4 (C4), C1 esterase inhibitor (C1-INH) level and function, and genetic mutations determine different endotypes of HAE. Clinical presentation and the triggers of vasogenic edema may change according to the endotypes. An adolescent girl with oligomenorrhea, obesity, hirsutism, and acanthosis nigricans was diagnosed with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and prescribed ethinyl estradiolcyproterone acetate containing oral contraceptive (OC). On the 16th day of treatment, she developed angioedema on the face, neck, and chest leading to dyspnea. Adrenaline, antihistamine, and corticosteroid treatments were ineffective. In the family history, the patient's mother and two cousins had angioedema attacks. C1-INH concentrate was administered with a diagnosis of HAE. C4, and C1-INH level and activity were normal. Genetic analysis identified a mutation of Factor XII (F12) gene, and the diagnosis of Factor 12 (F12)-related HAE was made. OC treatment discontinued. She has had no additional angioedema attacks in the follow-up period of two years. OC containing estrogen may induce the life-threatening first attack of F12-related HAE even in children. Recurring angioedema attacks in the family should be asked before prescribing estrogen-containing OC pills.

BACKGROUND There has been no study evaluating the psychopathology in breastfeeding mothers of infants with food allergy (FA). OBJECTIVE The aim of the study was to investigate the relationship between dietary elimination and maternal psychopathology, specifically anxiety, depression, and mother-to-infant bonding, in breastfeeding mothers of infants with food allergy. METHODS Breastfeeding mothers following an elimination diet due to FA in their children aged 1-to-12 months were compared with the healthy controls. The physician-diagnosed FA group was divided into IgE-, non-IgE-mediated, and infants with some minor symptoms which were not enough to make the diagnosis of FA were classified as Indecisive symptoms for FA group. Mothers completed standardized questionnaires including Symptom Checklist 90R, Beck Depression/Anxiety Inventories (BDI/BAI), Postpartum Bonding Questionnaire (Bonding). RESULTS Of 179 mother and infants, 64 were healthy, 89 were FA, 16 were indecisive symptoms for FA. The mean age of the mothers and infants were 31.1 ± 4.7 years and 6.3 ± 3.6 months, respectively. The physician-diagnosed FA groups had higher scores for anxiety (p = .008), anger (p = .042), depression (p

In a retrospective review, we aimed to assess long-term growth in 17 patients (n = 11 males) with hereditary tyrosinaemia type I (HTI). Median age at assessment was 15.6 years (5.7–26.6 years) and median age at diagnosis was 1 month (range: 0–16 months), with 35% (n = 6/17) symptomatic on presentation. From the age of 8 years, there was a noticeable change in median height, weight, and body-mass-index [BMI]-z-scores. Median height-for-age z-scores were consistently ≤ −1 (IQR −1.6, −0.5) during the first 8 years of life but increased with age. Weight-for-age z-scores ranged between −1 to 0 (IQR −1.2, 0.1) in the first 8 years, then increased to &gt, 0.5 (IQR −0.3, 1.3) by age 16 years, and BMI-for-age z-scores ranged from 0 to 1 (IQR −0.7, 1.3) up to 8 years, and &gt, 1 (IQR −0.2, 1.9) until 16 years. The percentage of overweight and obesity was lowest in children aged &lt, 5 years, and consistently &gt, 40% in patients aged between 7 to 16 years. The prescribed total protein intake was associated with improved height growth (p &lt, 0.01). Impaired growth in early life improved with age achieving normal population standards. Further studies are needed to investigate factors that influence growth outcome in HTI patients.

WOS: 000481718600013, Objective: Leptospirosis is one of the most common zoonotic diseases worldwide. Transmission to humans usually occurs by mucosal inoculation of the bacteria or exposure of non-intact skin via contact with water or soil contaminated with urine or feces of rodents. Occupational groups such as farmers, rice plant workers, sewer workers, miners, hunters, military personnel, mariners, shepherds, milkers, slaughterhouse workers, veterinarians and laboratory personnel are under risk for leptospirosis. In this study, we aimed to determine the seroprevalence of leptospirosis in coal miners in Zonguldak region. Methods: Blood samples were obtained from total 185 volunteer coal miners, who worked in 5 coal mines of Turkish Hard Coal Authority in Zonguldak and Bartin provinces, during June and July 2013. Serum samples were stored at -80 degrees C. Additionally, we conducted an interview with each miner about demographical and epidemiological data such as age, location, duration of mining, other occupations, observing rodent or rodent excreta in the mine, noticing rodent contact with personal belongings or drinks or food in mine and hand hygiene compliance. Microscopic agglutination test (MAT), the reference diagnostic test for seroepidemiological studies of leptospirosis, was conducted in Spirochetal Diseases Diagnostic Laboratory, Veterinary Control Central Research Institute, Etlik, Ankara in June 2014. Anti-Leptospira antibody levels for 8 serotypes (Leptospira grippotyphosa Moskva V, L. australis Bratislava Jez Bratislava, L. canicola Hund Utrech IV, L. hardjo Hardjoprajitno, L. pomona Pomona, L. icterohaemorrhagiae Ictero 1, L. hebdomadis Hebdomadis ve L. patoc Patoc 1) was investigated with MAT. Results: All the miners were male and the mean age was 36 +/- 6. The mean duration of working in underground part of the mine was 11 +/- 6 years, the mean working hours was 44 +/- 6 hours a week on average. Distribution of the miners according to inhabiting location was 18.5% village, 50.3% county and 30.8% city. In addition to mining, some of the miners were also occupied with farming (7%), hunting (2.7%), seafaring (0.5%) and livestock raising (0.5%). 82.7% of the miners confirmed seeing rodents in the mine every day and 35.7% of the miners confirmed seeing rodent excreta in the mine. 68.1% reported observing sign of rodent bite on their clothes or food saving box. 91.9% of the miners reported that they saved their food in plastic or paper bags up to meal time. Hand washing rate in the mine was 76.2% among the miners and 94.3% of those were washing their hands without soap. Although, a risky environment for leptospirosis was defined, no seropositivity was detected in any of the serum samples of the miners. Conclusions: Miners reported risky environmental conditions and risky behavioral models for transmission of leptospirosis. However, no seropositivity was detected in any of the serum samples obtained from 185 miners in Zonguldak region.

Inflammation and coagulation are closely linked events. Thrombin is the key enzyme in coagulation system and also has roles in inflammation.The aim of our study was to evaluate thrombin generation in children with mild asthma.Forty-two children with mild asthma and 49 healthy children were included in the study. All patients performed spirometry. Thrombin generation tests (TGT) were performed with a calibrated automated thrombogram (CAT) in children without asthma exacerbation during the last six months. During CAT assay thrombogram curves were obtained. The area under the curve showed endogenous thrombin potentials and indicated the total amount of endogenous thrombin generated; the peak height showed the highest thrombin value, thrombin lag time and time to thrombin peak were measured.Thrombin lag time was significantly longer in children with asthma (3.98±1.2min) compared to those in the control group (3.29±0.6min) (p0.01). Children with asthma also had longer thrombin tail time compared to the control group (19.5±8.9min vs. 16.7±2.9min, p=0.02). Thrombin peak was inversely correlated with FEF 25-75 (r=-0.41, p0.01). Thrombin lag time was inversely correlated with FEF 25-75 (r=-0.39, p0.01).Inflammation in mild asthma seems to disturb coagulation but this disturbance may not be so strong as to increase thrombin levels and may only affect the initiation phase of thrombin generation.

Dysphagia is described as a geriatric syndrome that occurs more frequently with aging. It is associated with the deterioration in functionality however, it is usually ignored. Frailty is a geriatric syndrome that is recognized more with its well-known adverse consequences. Very recently, dysphagia has been suggested to accompany frailty in older adults. We aimed to investigate the association between dysphagia and frailty in the community dwelling older adults.Prospective, cross-sectional study.Geriatric outpatient clinic.Older adults aged ≥60 years.Dysphagia was evaluated by EAT-10 questionnaire and frailty by FRAIL scale. Handgrip strength (HGS) was evaluated by hand-dynamometer. Gait speed was evaluated by 4-meter usual gait speed (UGS). Nutritional status was assessed by mini-nutritional assessment-short form (MNA-SF).1138 patients were enrolled. Mean age was 74.1±7.3 years. EAT-10 questionnaire was answered by all and FRAIL-scale by 851 subjects. EAT-10 score15 points was regarded as significant dysphagia risk. The participants with EAT-1015 points were older when compared to the participants with EAT-10=15 points (p=0.002). Among participants with EAT-1015 points, women gender and neurodegenerative diseases were more prevalent (p=0.04, p=0.002; respectively); number of chronic diseases, number of drugs and FRAIL score were higher (p=0.001 for each), and HGS, UGS, MNA-SF scores were lower (p=0.002, p=0.01, p0.001; respectively). In multivariate analyses, the factors independently associated with presence of EAT-10 score15 were FRAIL score and the number of drugs.Dysphagia is associated with frailty irrespective to age, presence of neurodegenerative diseases, number of chronic diseases and drugs. To our knowledge, this is the largest serie in the literature providing data on independent association of dysphagia with frailty.

Strategies to increase functional pancreatic beta cell mass is of great interest in diabetes-related research. TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) is well-known to promote proliferation and survival in various cell types, including vascular smooth muscle and endothelial cells. Correlation between the protective nature of TRAIL on these cells and its proliferative effect is noteworthy. TRAIL’s seemingly protective/therapeutic effect in diabetes prompted us to question whether it may act as an inducer of proliferation in pancreatic beta cells. We used rat primary islet cells and MIN6 mouse beta cell line to investigate TRAIL-induced proliferation. Cell viability and/or death was analysed by MTT, WST-1, and annexin-V/PI assays, while proliferation rates and pathways were assessed via immunocytochemical and Western blot analyses. Receptor neutralization antibodies identified the mediator receptors. Recombinant soluble TRAIL (sTRAIL) treatment led to 1.6-fold increased proliferation in insulin-positive cells in dispersed rat islets compared to the untreated group, while adenovirus-mediated overexpression of TRAIL increased the number of proliferating beta cells up to more than 6-fold. sTRAIL or adenoviral vector-mediated TRAIL overexpression induced proliferation in MIN6 cells also. TRAIL’s proliferative effect was mediated via AKT activation, which was suppressed upon specific inhibition. Neutralization of each TRAIL receptor reversed the proliferative effect to some degree, with the highest level of inhibition in death receptor 5 (DR5) blockage in MIN6 cells, and in decoy receptor 1 (DcR1) blockage in primary rat beta cells. Thus, TRAIL induces proliferation in rodent pancreatic beta cells through activation of the AKT pathway.

Background In children with phenylketonuria (PKU), transitioning protein substitutes at the appropriate developmental age is essential to help with their long-term acceptance and ease of administration. We assessed the parental experiences in transitioning from a second stage to third stage liquid or powdered protein substitute in patients with PKU. Results Sixteen interviews (23 open-ended questions) were carried out with parents/caregivers of children with PKU (8 females, 50%) with a median age of 8 years (range 5–11 years), continuously treated with diet, and on a third stage protein substitute. Parents/caregivers identified common facilitators and barriers during the third stage protein substitute transition process. The main facilitators were: child and parent motivation, parent knowledge of the transition process, a role model with PKU, low volume and easy preparation of the third stage protein substitute (liquid/powder), anticipation of increasing child independence, lower parent workload, attractive packaging, better taste and smell, school and teacher support, dietetic plans and guidance, PKU social events, child educational materials and written resources. The main barriers were child aversion to new protein substitutes, poor child behaviour, child aged > 5 years, parental fear of change, required parental time and persistence, loss of parental control, high product volume, different taste, smell, and texture of new protein substitute, and peer bullying. Conclusion A stepwise, supportive approach is necessary when transitioning from second stage to third stage protein substitutes. Future studies are needed to develop guidance to assist parents/caregivers, health professionals, and teachers during the transition process.