Author: "P, Martin" - Searchworks@Jio Institute Digital Library Search Results

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640,099 results on '"P, Martin"'

1. Fermions hard scattering from superstrings

Author: Martin, Lucas, Parlanti, Martin, and Schvellinger, Martin
Subjects: High Energy Physics - Theory
Abstract: We study high-energy scattering at fixed angle in the planar limit of non-Abelian gauge field theories from type IIB superstring theory scattering amplitudes. Firstly, we consider four-glueball scattering described in terms of the four-dilaton string theory scattering amplitude. We explicitly calculate some angular integrals of four scalar spherical harmonics on the five sphere leading to selection rules for several scattering processes. Then, we consider the high-energy limit of the four-dilatino scattering amplitude in type IIB superstring theory, which allows to describe four spin-1/2 fermions scattering in the dual gauge field theory. In both cases the partonic structure of the scattering cross sections is obtained. The Regge behavior is also obtained. In addition, we study certain related aspects by considering the effective action constructed from IIB supergravity., Comment: 35 pages
Published: 2024

2. Extended red wings and the visibility of reionization-epoch Lyman-$\alpha$ emitters

Author: Yuan, Yuxuan, Martin-Alvarez, Sergio, Haehnelt, Martin G., Garel, Thibault, Keating, Laura, Witstok, Joris, and Sijacki, Debora
Subjects: Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies
Abstract: The visibility of the Lyman-$\alpha$ (Ly$\alpha$) emission from reionization-epoch galaxies depends sensitively on the extent of the intrinsic \lya emission redwards of 1215.67~\AA. The prominent red peak resulting from resonant radiative transfer in the interstellar medium is often modelled as a single Gaussian. We use the \textsc{Azahar} simulation suite of a massive-reionization epoch galaxy to show that a significantly larger fraction of the \lya emission extends to $400$-$800$~km~s$^{-1}$, and thus significantly further to the red than predicted by a Gaussian line profile. A cycle of frequent galaxy mergers strongly modulates the \lya luminosity, the red peak velocity and its extended red wing emerging from the galaxy, which all also strongly vary with viewing angle. The \lya emission also depends sensitively on the implemented feedback, dust and star formation physics. Our simulations including cosmic rays reproduce the observed spectral properties of reionization epoch \lya emitters (LAEs) well if we assume that the \lya emission is affected by very little dust. The visibility of LAEs can be strongly underestimated if the extended red wings of the intrinsic \lya emission are not accounted for. We discuss implications for using the visibility of LAEs to constrain the evolution of the volume-averaged neutral fraction during reionization.
Published: 2024

3. Analysis of long-lived effects in high-repetition-rate stroboscopic transient X-ray absorption experiments on thin films

Author: Lojewski, Tobias, Guyader, Loïc Le, Agarwal, Naman, Boeglin, Christine, Carley, Robert, Castoldi, Andrea, Deiter, Carsten, Engel, Robin Y., Erdinger, Florian, Fangohr, Hans, Fiorini, Carlo, Gerasimova, Natalia, Gort, Rafael, de Groot, Frank, Hansen, Karsten, Hauf, Steffen, Hickin, David, Izquierdo, Manuel, Kämmerer, Lea, Van Kuiken, Benjamin E., Lomidze, David, Maffessanti, Stefano, Mercadier, Laurent, Mercurio, Giuseppe, Miedema, Piter S., Pace, Matthias, Porro, Matteo, Rezvani, Javad, Rothenbach, Nico, Rösner, Benedikt, Samartsev, Andrey, Schlappa, Justina, Stamm, Christian, Teichmann, Martin, Turcato, Monica, Yaroslavtsev, Alexander, Döring, Florian, Scherz, Andreas, David, Christian, Beye, Martin, Bovensiepen, Uwe, Wende, Heiko, Eschenlohr, Andrea, and Ollefs, Katharina
Subjects: Condensed Matter - Materials Science
Abstract: Time-resolved X-ray absorption spectroscopy (tr-XAS) has been shown to be a versatile measurement technique for investigating non-equilibrium dynamics. Novel X-ray free electron laser (XFEL) facilities like the European XFEL offer increased repetition rates for stroboscopic XAS experiments through a burst operation mode, which enables measurements with up to 4.5 MHz. These higher repetition rates lead to higher data acquisition rates but can also introduce long-lived excitations that persist and thus build up during each burst. Here, we report on such long-lived effects in Ni and NiO thin film samples that were measured at the European XFEL. We disentangle the long-lived excitations from the initial pump-induced change and perform a detailed modelling-based analysis of how they modify transient X-ray spectra. As a result, we link the long-lived effects in Ni to a local temperature increase, as well as the effects in NiO to excited charge carrier trapping through polaron formation. In addition, we present possible correction methods, as well as discuss ways in which the effects of these long-lived excitations could be minimized for future time-resolved X-ray absorption spectroscopy measurements.
Published: 2024

4. Bio-inspired visual relative localization for large swarms of UAVs

Author: Křížek, Martin, Vrba, Matouš, Kulaš, Antonella Barišić, Bogdan, Stjepan, and Saska, Martin
Subjects: Computer Science - Robotics, Computer Science - Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, I.5.4
Abstract: We propose a new approach to visual perception for relative localization of agents within large-scale swarms of UAVs. Inspired by biological perception utilized by schools of sardines, swarms of bees, and other large groups of animals capable of moving in a decentralized yet coherent manner, our method does not rely on detecting individual neighbors by each agent and estimating their relative position, but rather we propose to regress a neighbor density over distance. This allows for a more accurate distance estimation as well as better scalability with respect to the number of neighbors. Additionally, a novel swarm control algorithm is proposed to make it compatible with the new relative localization method. We provide a thorough evaluation of the presented methods and demonstrate that the regressing approach to distance estimation is more robust to varying relative pose of the targets and that it is suitable to be used as the main source of relative localization for swarm stabilization.
Published: 2024
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5. Coherence of Symmetry-Protected Rotational Qubits in Cold Polyatomic Molecules

Author: Löw, Maximilian, Ibrügger, Martin, Rempe, Gerhard, and Zeppenfeld, Martin
Subjects: Physics - Atomic Physics, Physics - Chemical Physics, Quantum Physics
Abstract: Polar polyatomic molecules provide an ideal but largely unexplored platform to encode qubits in rotational states. Here, we trap cold (100-600 mK) formaldehyde (H$_2$CO) inside an electric box and perform a Ramsey-type experiment to observe long-lived (~100 $\mu$s) coherences between symmetry-protected molecular states with opposite rotation but identical orientation, representing a quasi-hidden molecular degree of freedom. As a result, the observed qubit is insensitive to the magnitude of an external electric field, and depends only weakly on magnetic fields. Our findings provide a basis for future quantum and precision experiments with trapped cold molecules., Comment: Main paper 6 pages, 3 figures; in total 8 pages, 4 figures. Submitted to PRL
Published: 2024

6. MIRI Deep Imaging Survey (MIDIS) of the Hubble Ultra Deep Field

Author: Östlin, Göran, Pérez-González, Pablo G., Melinder, Jens, Gillman, Steven, Iani, Edoardo, Costantin, Luca, Boogaard, Leindert A., Rinaldi, Pierluigi, Colina, Luis, Nørgaard-Nielsen, Hans Ulrik, Dicken, Daniel, Greve, Thomas R., Wright, Gillian, Alonso-Herrero, Almudena, Alvarez-Marquez, Javier, Annunziatella, Marianna, Bik, Arjan, Bosman, Sarah E. I., Caputi, Karina I., Gomez, Alejandro Crespo, Eckart, Andreas, Garcia-Marin, Macarena, Hjorth, Jens, Ilbert, Olivier, Jermann, Iris, Kendrew, Sarah, Labiano, Alvaro, Langeroodi, Danial, Fevre, Olivier Le, Libralato, Mattia, Meyer, Romain A., Moutard, Thibaud, Peissker, Florian, Pye, John P., Tikkanen, Tuomo V., Topinka, Martin, Walter, Fabian, Ward, Martin, van der Werf, Paul, van Dishoeck, Ewine F., Henning, Manuel Güdel Thomas, Lagage, Pierre-Olivier, Ray, Tom P., and Vandenbussche, Bart
Subjects: Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract: The recently launched James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) is opening new observing windows on the distant universe. Among JWST's instruments, the Mid Infrared Instrument (MIRI) offers the unique capability of imaging observations at wavelengths $\lambda > 5\mu$m. This enables unique access to the rest frame near infra-red (NIR, $\lambda \ge 1$\mum) emission from galaxies at redshifts $z>4$ and the visual ($\lambda \gtrsim 5000$\AA) rest frame for $z>9$. We here report on the guaranteed time observations (GTO) from the MIRI European Consortium, of the Hubble Ultra Deep Field (HUDF), forming the MIRI Deep Imaging Survey (MIDIS), consisting of an on source integration time of $\sim41$ hours in the MIRI/F560W (5.6 $\mu$m) filter. To our knowledge, this constitutes the longest single filter exposure obtained with JWST of an extragalactic field as yet., Comment: submitted to A&A on July 30, 2024
Published: 2024

7. The Galaxy Activity, Torus, and Outflow Survey (GATOS). Black hole mass estimation using machine learning

Author: Poitevineau, R., Combes, F., Garcia-Burillo, S., Cornu, D., Herrero, A. Alonso, Almeida, C. Ramos, Audibert, A., Bellocchi, E., Boorman, P. G., Bunker, A. J., Davies, R., Díaz-Santos, T., García-Bernete, I., García-Lorenzo, B., González-Martín, O., Hicks, E. K. S., Hönig, S. F., Hunt, L. K., Imanishi, M., Pereira-Santaella, M., Ricci, C., Rigopoulou, D., Rosario, D. J., Rouan, D., Martin, M. Villar, and Ward, M.
Subjects: Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies
Abstract: The detailed feeding and feedback mechanisms of Active Galactic Nuclei (AGN) are not yet well known. For low-luminosity and obscured AGN, as well as late-type galaxies, determining the central black hole (BH) masses is challenging. Our goal with the GATOS sample is to study circum-nuclear regions and better estimate BH masses with more precision than scaling relations offer. Using ALMA's high spatial resolution, we resolve CO(3-2) emissions within ~100 pc around the supermassive black hole (SMBH) in seven GATOS galaxies to estimate their BH masses when sufficient gas is present. We study seven bright ($L_{AGN}(14-150\mathrm{keV}) \geq 10^{42}\mathrm{erg/s}$), nearby (<28 Mpc) galaxies from the GATOS core sample. For comparison, we searched the literature for previous BH mass estimates and made additional calculations using the \mbh~ - $\sigma$ relation and the fundamental plane of BH activity. We developed a supervised machine learning method to estimate BH masses from position-velocity diagrams or first-moment maps using ALMA CO(3-2) observations. Numerical simulations with a wide range of parameters created the training, validation, and test sets. Seven galaxies provided enough gas for BH mass estimations: NGC4388, NGC5506, NGC5643, NGC6300, NGC7314, NGC7465, and NGC~7582. Our BH masses, ranging from 6.39 to 7.18 log$(M_{BH}/M_\odot)$, align with previous estimates. Additionally, our machine learning method provides robust error estimations with confidence intervals and offers greater potential than scaling relations. This work is a first step toward an automated \mbh estimation method using machine learning.
Published: 2024

8. Online Knowledge Integration for 3D Semantic Mapping: A Survey

Author: Igelbrink, Felix, Renz, Marian, Günther, Martin, Powell, Piper, Niecksch, Lennart, Lima, Oscar, Atzmueller, Martin, and Hertzberg, Joachim
Subjects: Computer Science - Robotics, Computer Science - Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, Computer Science - Machine Learning
Abstract: Semantic mapping is a key component of robots operating in and interacting with objects in structured environments. Traditionally, geometric and knowledge representations within a semantic map have only been loosely integrated. However, recent advances in deep learning now allow full integration of prior knowledge, represented as knowledge graphs or language concepts, into sensor data processing and semantic mapping pipelines. Semantic scene graphs and language models enable modern semantic mapping approaches to incorporate graph-based prior knowledge or to leverage the rich information in human language both during and after the mapping process. This has sparked substantial advances in semantic mapping, leading to previously impossible novel applications. This survey reviews these recent developments comprehensively, with a focus on online integration of knowledge into semantic mapping. We specifically focus on methods using semantic scene graphs for integrating symbolic prior knowledge and language models for respective capture of implicit common-sense knowledge and natural language concepts, Comment: Submitted to Robotics and Autonomous Systems
Published: 2024

9. Anomalous Spectroscopical Effects in an Antiferromagnetic Semiconductor

Author: Hubert, Michal, Maleček, Tomáš, Ahn, Kyo-Hoon, Míšek, Martin, Železný, Jakub, Máca, František, Springholz, Gunther, Veis, Martin, and Výborný, Karel
Subjects: Condensed Matter - Materials Science
Abstract: Following the recent observation of anomalous Hall effect in antiferromagnetic hexagonal MnTe thin films, related phenomena at finite frequencies have come into focus. Magnetic circular dichroism (MCD) is the key material property here. In the x-ray range, the XMCD has already been demonstrated and used to visualise domains via photoemission electron microscopy (PEEM). Here we report on MCD in optical range and discuss its microscopic mechanism., Comment: paper associated with presentation at 36th ICPS, Ottawa
Published: 2024

10. Ultrafast room temperature valleytronics in silicon and diamond

Author: Gindl, Adam, Čmel, Martin, Trojánek, František, Malý, Petr, and Kozák, Martin
Subjects: Condensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics, Physics - Optics
Abstract: Valleytronics is an emerging technology exploiting the anisotropy of electron populations in multiple energy degenerate conduction band minima (valleys) in semiconductors for information storage and processing. To compete with conventional electronics, universal and fast methods for controlling and reading the valley quantum number of electrons have to be developed. Addressing the inequivalent conduction band valleys based on optical selection rules has been demonstrated in two-dimensional crystals with broken time-reversal symmetry. However, selective optical manipulation with electron populations in inequivalent valleys has not been possible in many technologically important semiconductor materials that possess multiple conduction band minima, including silicon and diamond. Here we demonstrate an ultrafast technique allowing to generate and read valley polarized population of electrons in bulk semiconductors on sub-picosecond time scales. The principle is based on unidirectional intervalley scattering of electrons accelerated by oscillating electric field of linearly polarized infrared femtosecond pulses. The degree of valley polarization is measured via polarization anisotropy of Drude absorption of a delayed infrared probe pulse allowing us to directly characterize intervalley scattering times in silicon and diamond at different temperatures. Our results pave the way towards room temperature valleytronic devices working at terahertz frequencies that will be compatible with contemporary silicon-based technology., Comment: v1: preprint; licence: CC BY 4.0
Published: 2024

11. Broad-Line Region Characterization in Dozens of Active Galactic Nuclei Using Small-Aperture Telescopes

Author: Figaredo, Catalina Sobrino, Chelouche, Doron, Haas, Martin, Ramolla, Michael, Kaspi, Shai, Panda, Swayamtrupta, Ochmann, Martin W., Zucker, Shay, Chini, Rolf, Probst, Malte A., Kollatschny, Wolfram, and Murphy, Miguel
Subjects: Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies
Abstract: We present the results of a nearly decade-long photometric reverberation mapping (PRM) survey of the H$\alpha$ emission line in nearby ($0.01\lesssim z \lesssim0.05$) Seyfert-Galaxies using small ($15\,\mathrm{cm}-40\,\mathrm{cm}$) telescopes. Broad-band filters were used to trace the continuum emission, while narrow-band filters tracked the H$\alpha$-line signal. We introduce a new PRM formalism to determine the time delay between continuum and line emission using combinations of auto- and cross-correlation functions. We obtain robust delays for 33/80 objects, allowing us to estimate the broad-line region (BLR) size. Additionally, we measure multi-epoch delays for 6 objects whose scatter per source is smaller than the scatter in the BLR size-luminosity relation. Our study enhances the existing H$\alpha$ size-luminosity relation by adding high-quality results for 31 objects, whose nuclear luminosities were estimated using the flux-variation gradient method, resulting in a scatter of 0.26dex within our sample. The scatter reduces to 0.17dex when the 6 lowest luminosity sources are discarded, which is comparable to that found for the H$\beta$ line. Single-epoch spectra enable us to estimate black hole masses using the H$\alpha$ line and derive mass accretion rates from the iron-blend feature adjacent to H$\beta$. A similar trend, as previously reported for the H$\beta$ line, is implied whereby highly accreting objects tend to lie below the size-luminosity relation of the general population. Our work demonstrates the effectiveness of small telescopes in conducting high-fidelity PRM campaigns of prominent emission lines in bright active galactic nuclei.
Published: 2024

12. Gaussian Process Emulators for Few-Shot Segmentation in Cardiac MRI

Author: Viti, Bruno, Thaler, Franz, Kapper, Kathrin Lisa, Urschler, Martin, Holler, Martin, and Karabelas, Elias
Subjects: Computer Science - Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, Computer Science - Artificial Intelligence, Computer Science - Machine Learning
Abstract: Segmentation of cardiac magnetic resonance images (MRI) is crucial for the analysis and assessment of cardiac function, helping to diagnose and treat various cardiovascular diseases. Most recent techniques rely on deep learning and usually require an extensive amount of labeled data. To overcome this problem, few-shot learning has the capability of reducing data dependency on labeled data. In this work, we introduce a new method that merges few-shot learning with a U-Net architecture and Gaussian Process Emulators (GPEs), enhancing data integration from a support set for improved performance. GPEs are trained to learn the relation between the support images and the corresponding masks in latent space, facilitating the segmentation of unseen query images given only a small labeled support set at inference. We test our model with the M&Ms-2 public dataset to assess its ability to segment the heart in cardiac magnetic resonance imaging from different orientations, and compare it with state-of-the-art unsupervised and few-shot methods. Our architecture shows higher DICE coefficients compared to these methods, especially in the more challenging setups where the size of the support set is considerably small., Comment: Accepted at Statistical Atlases and Computational Modeling of the Heart (STACOM) Workshop 2024
Published: 2024

13. Shear Deformation of Nonmodulated Ni$_2$MnGa Martensite: An Ab Initio Study

Author: Heczko, Martin, Šesták, Petr, Seiner, Hanuš, and Zelený, Martin
Subjects: Condensed Matter - Materials Science
Abstract: The impact of shear deformation in $(1\,0\,1)[1\,0\,\bar{1}]$ system of non-modulated (NM) martensite in Ni$_2$MnGa ferromagnetic shape memory alloy is investigated by means of ab initio atomistic simulations. The shear system is associated with twinning of NM lattice and intermatensitic transformation to modulated structures. The stability of the NM lattice increases with increasing content of Mn. The most realistic shear mechanism for twin reorientation can be approximated by the simple shear mechanism, although the lowest barriers were calculated for pure shear mechanism. The energy barrier between twin variants further reduces due to spontaneous appearance of lattice modulation or, in other words, the nanotwins with thickness of two atomic planes. Such nanotwins appear also on the generalized planar fault energy (GPFE) curve calculated using a newly developed advanced procedure and exhibits even lower energy than the defect free NM structure. These nanotwin doublelayers are also basic building blocks of modulated structures and play an important role in intermartensitic transformation., Comment: Manuscript accepted to Shape Memory and Superelasticity
Published: 2024
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14. New Cold Subdwarf Discoveries from Backyard Worlds and a Metallicity Classification System for T Subdwarfs

Author: Burgasser, Adam J., Schneider, Adam C., Meisner, Aaron M., Caselden, Dan, Hsu, Chih-Chun, Gerasimov, Roman, Aganze, Christian, Softich, Emma, Karpoor, Preethi, Theissen, Christopher A., Brooks, Hunter, Bickle, Thomas P., Gagné, Jonathan, Artigau, Étienne, Marsset, Michaël, Rothermich, Austin, Faherty, Jacqueline K., Kirkpatrick, J. Davy, Kuchner, Marc J., Andersen, Nikolaj Stevnbak, Beaulieu, Paul, Colin, Guillaume, Gantier, Jean Marc, Gramaize, Leopold, Hamlet, Les, Hinckley, Ken, Kabatnik, Martin, Kiwy, Frank, Martin, David W., Massat, Diego H., Pendrill, William, Sainio, Arttu, Schümann, Jörg, Thévenot, Melina, Walla, Jim, Wędracki, Zbigniew, Worlds, the Backyard, and Collaboration, Planet 9
Subjects: Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies
Abstract: We report the results of a spectroscopic survey of candidate T subdwarfs identified by the Backyard Worlds: Planet 9 program. Near-infrared spectra of 31 sources with red $J-W2$ colors and large $J$-band reduced proper motions show varying signatures of subsolar metallicity, including strong collision-induced H$_2$ absorption, obscured methane and water features, and weak K I absorption. These metallicity signatures are supported by spectral model fits and 3D velocities, indicating thick disk and halo population membership for several sources. We identify three new metal-poor T subdwarfs ([M/H] $\lesssim$ $-$0.5), CWISE J062316.19+071505.6, WISEA J152443.14$-$262001.8, and CWISE J211250.11-052925.2; and 19 new "mild" subdwarfs with modest metal deficiency ([M/H] $\lesssim$ $-$0.25). We also identify three metal-rich brown dwarfs with thick disk kinematics. We provide kinematic evidence that the extreme L subdwarf 2MASS J053253.46+824646.5 and the mild T subdwarf CWISE J113010.07+313944.7 may be part of the Thamnos population, while the T subdwarf CWISE J155349.96+693355.2 may be part of the Helmi stream. We define a metallicity classification system for T dwarfs that adds mild subdwarfs (d/sdT), subdwarfs (sdT), and extreme subdwarfs (esdT) to the existing dwarf sequence. We also define a metallicity spectral index that correlates with metallicities inferred from spectral model fits and iron abundances from stellar primaries of benchmark T dwarf companions. This expansion of the T dwarf classification system supports investigations of ancient, metal-poor brown dwarfs now being uncovered in deep imaging and spectroscopic surveys., Comment: 82 pages, 19 figures, accepted to ApJS
Published: 2024

15. Characterization of more than three years of in-orbit radiation damage of SiPMs on GRBAlpha and VZLUSAT-2 CubeSats

Author: Ripa, Jakub, Dafcikova, Marianna, Kosik, Pavel, Münz, Filip, Ohno, Masanori, Galgoczi, Gabor, Werner, Norbert, Pal, Andras, Meszaros, Laszlo, Csak, Balazs, Fukazawa, Yasushi, Takahashi, Hiromitsu, Mizuno, Tsunefumi, Nakazawa, Kazuhiro, Odaka, Hirokazu, Ichinohe, Yuto, Kapus, Jakub, Hudec, Jan, Frajt, Marcel, Rezenov, Maksim, Daniel, Vladimir, Svoboda, Petr, Dudas, Juraj, Sabol, Martin, Laszlo, Robert, Koleda, Martin, Duriskova, Michaela, Szakszonova, Lea, Kolar, Martin, Husarikova, Nikola, Breuer, Jean-Paul, Hroch, Filip, Vitek, Tomas, Vertat, Ivo, Urbanec, Tomas, Povalac, Ales, Kasal, Miroslav, Hanak, Peter, smelko, Miroslav, Topinka, Martin, Chang, Hsiang-Kuang, Liu, Tsung-Che, Lin, Chih-Hsun, Hu, Chin-Ping, and Tsao, Che-Chih
Subjects: Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Abstract: It is well known that silicon photomultipliers (SiPMs) are prone to radiation damage. With the increasing popularity of SiPMs among new spaceborne missions, especially on CubeSats, it is of paramount importance to characterize their performance in space environment. In this work, we report the in-orbit ageing of SiPM arrays, so-called multi-pixel photon counters (MPPCs), using measurements acquired by the GRBAlpha and VZLUSAT-2 CubeSats at low Earth orbit (LEO) spanning over three years, which in duration is unique. GRBAlpha is a 1U CubeSat launched on March 22, 2021, to a 550 km altitude sun-synchronous polar orbit (SSO) carrying on board a gamma-ray detector based on CsI(Tl) scintillator readout by eight MPPCs and regularly detecting gamma-ray transients such as gamma-ray bursts and solar flares in the energy range of ~30-900 keV. VZLUSAT-2 is a 3U CubeSat launched on January 13, 2022 also to a 550 km altitude SSO carrying on board, among other payloads, two gamma-ray detectors similar to the one on GRBAlpha. We have flight-proven the Hamamatsu MPPCs S13360-3050 PE and demonstrated that MPPCs, shielded by 2.5 mm of PbSb alloy, can be used in an LEO environment on a scientific mission lasting beyond three years. This manifests the potential of MPPCs being employed in future satellites., Comment: Submitted to Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A, 13 pages, 14 figures
Published: 2024

16. Towards active stiffness control in pattern-forming pneumatic metamaterials

Author: Faltus, Ondřej, Jirásek, Milan, Horák, Martin, Doškář, Martin, Peerlings, Ron, Zeman, Jan, and Rokoš, Ondřej
Subjects: Physics - Applied Physics
Abstract: Pattern-forming metamaterials feature microstructures specifically designed to change the material's macroscopic properties due to internal instabilities. These can be triggered either by mechanical deformation or, in the case of active materials, by other external stimuli, such as pneumatic actuation. We study a two-dimensional rectangular lattice microstructure which is pneumatically actuated by non-uniform pressure patterns in its voids, and demonstrate that this actuation may lead toifferent instability patterns. The patterns are associated with a significant reduction in the macroscopic stiffness of the material. The magnitude of this reduction can be controlled by different arrangements of the pressure actuation, thus choosing the precise buckled shape of the microstructure. We develop an analytical model and complement it with computational tests on a two-dimensional plane-strain finite element model. We explain the phenomenon and discuss ways of further developing the concept to actively control the stiffness of materials and structures.
Published: 2024

17. Homomorphisms between large-type Artin groups

Author: Blufstein, Martín, Martin, Alexandre, and Vaskou, Nicolas
Subjects: Mathematics - Group Theory, 20F65, 20F36, 20F67, 20F28
Abstract: In this article, we study homomorphisms between Artin groups that belong to two generic classes. For XL-type Artin groups over complete graphs, we describe all possible homomorphisms with sufficiently large image, and prove in particular that such groups are both hopfian and co-hopfian. For Artin groups with all labels at least $6$, we completely characterise in terms of the presentation graph when these groups have a finite outer automorphism group, as well as when they are co-hopfian. Moreover, when the presentation graph has no cut-vertex, we provide a generating set for their automorphism group., Comment: 37 pages, 9 figures
Published: 2024

18. Search for gravitational waves emitted from SN 2023ixf

Author: The LIGO Scientific Collaboration, the Virgo Collaboration, the KAGRA Collaboration, Abac, A. G., Abbott, R., Abouelfettouh, I., Acernese, F., Ackley, K., Adhicary, S., Adhikari, N., Adhikari, R. X., Adkins, V. K., Agarwal, D., Agathos, M., Abchouyeh, M. Aghaei, Aguiar, O. D., Aguilar, I., Aiello, L., Ain, A., Akutsu, T., Albanesi, S., Alfaidi, R. A., Al-Jodah, A., Alléné, C., Allocca, A., Al-Shammari, S., Altin, P. A., Alvarez-Lopez, S., Amato, A., Amez-Droz, L., Amorosi, A., Amra, C., Ananyeva, A., Anderson, S. B., Anderson, W. G., Andia, M., Ando, M., Andrade, T., Andres, N., Andrés-Carcasona, M., Andrić, T., Anglin, J., Ansoldi, S., Antelis, J. M., Antier, S., Aoumi, M., Appavuravther, E. Z., Appert, S., Apple, S. K., Arai, K., Araya, A., Araya, M. C., Areeda, J. S., Argianas, L., Aritomi, N., Armato, F., Arnaud, N., Arogeti, M., Aronson, S. M., Ashton, G., Aso, Y., Assiduo, M., Melo, S. Assis de Souza, Aston, S. M., Astone, P., Attadio, F., Aubin, F., AultONeal, K., Avallone, G., Babak, S., Badaracco, F., Badger, C., Bae, S., Bagnasco, S., Bagui, E., Baier, J. G., Baiotti, L., Bajpai, R., Baka, T., Ball, M., Ballardin, G., Ballmer, S. W., Banagiri, S., Banerjee, B., Bankar, D., Baral, P., Barayoga, J. C., Barish, B. C., Barker, D., Barneo, P., Barone, F., Barr, B., Barsotti, L., Barsuglia, M., Barta, D., Bartoletti, A. M., Barton, M. A., Bartos, I., Basak, S., Basalaev, A., Bassiri, R., Basti, A., Bates, D. E., Bawaj, M., Baxi, P., Bayley, J. C., Baylor, A. C., Baynard II, P. A., Bazzan, M., Bedakihale, V. M., Beirnaert, F., Bejger, M., Belardinelli, D., Bell, A. S., Benedetto, V., Benoit, W., Bentley, J. D., Yaala, M. Ben, Bera, S., Berbel, M., Bergamin, F., Berger, B. K., Bernuzzi, S., Beroiz, M., Bersanetti, D., Bertolini, A., Betzwieser, J., Beveridge, D., Bevins, N., Bhandare, R., Bhardwaj, U., Bhatt, R., Bhattacharjee, D., Bhaumik, S., Bhowmick, S., Bianchi, A., Bilenko, I. A., Billingsley, G., Binetti, A., Bini, S., Birnholtz, O., Biscoveanu, S., Bisht, A., Bitossi, M., Bizouard, M. -A., Blackburn, J. K., Blagg, L. A., Blair, C. D., Blair, D. G., Bobba, F., Bode, N., Boileau, G., Boldrini, M., Bolingbroke, G. N., Bolliand, A., Bonavena, L. D., Bondarescu, R., Bondu, F., Bonilla, E., Bonilla, M. S., Bonino, A., Bonnand, R., Booker, P., Borchers, A., Boschi, V., Bose, S., Bossilkov, V., Boudart, V., Boudon, A., Bozzi, A., Bradaschia, C., Brady, P. R., Braglia, M., Branch, A., Branchesi, M., Brandt, J., Braun, I., Breschi, M., Briant, T., Brillet, A., Brinkmann, M., Brockill, P., Brockmueller, E., Brooks, A. F., Brown, B. C., Brown, D. D., Brozzetti, M. L., Brunett, S., Bruno, G., Bruntz, R., Bryant, J., Bucci, F., Buchanan, J., Bulashenko, O., Bulik, T., Bulten, H. J., Buonanno, A., Burtnyk, K., Buscicchio, R., Buskulic, D., Buy, C., Byer, R. L., Davies, G. S. Cabourn, Cabras, G., Cabrita, R., Cáceres-Barbosa, V., Cadonati, L., Cagnoli, G., Cahillane, C., Bustillo, J. Calderón, Callister, T. A., Calloni, E., Camp, J. B., Canepa, M., Santoro, G. Caneva, Cannon, K. C., Cao, H., Capistran, L. A., Capocasa, E., Capote, E., Carapella, G., Carbognani, F., Carlassara, M., Carlin, J. B., Carpinelli, M., Carrillo, G., Carter, J. J., Carullo, G., Diaz, J. Casanueva, Casentini, C., Castro-Lucas, S. Y., Caudill, S., Cavaglià, M., Cavalieri, R., Cella, G., Cerdá-Durán, P., Cesarini, E., Chaibi, W., Chakraborty, P., Subrahmanya, S. Chalathadka, Chan, J. C. L., Chan, M., Chandra, K., Chang, R. -J., Chao, S., Charlton, E. L., Charlton, P., Chassande-Mottin, E., Chatterjee, C., Chatterjee, Debarati, Chatterjee, Deep, Chaturvedi, M., Chaty, S., Chen, A., Chen, A. H. -Y., Chen, D., Chen, H., Chen, H. Y., Chen, J., Chen, K. H., Chen, Y., Chen, Yanbei, Chen, Yitian, Cheng, H. P., Chessa, P., Cheung, H. T., Cheung, S. Y., Chiadini, F., Chiarini, G., Chierici, R., Chincarini, A., Chiofalo, M. L., Chiummo, A., Chou, C., Choudhary, S., Christensen, N., Chua, S. S. Y., Chugh, P., Ciani, G., Ciecielag, P., Cieślar, M., Cifaldi, M., Ciolfi, R., Clara, F., Clark, J. A., Clarke, J., Clarke, T. A., Clearwater, P., Clesse, S., Coccia, E., Codazzo, E., Cohadon, P. -F., Colace, S., Colleoni, M., Collette, C. G., Collins, J., Colloms, S., Colombo, A., Colpi, M., Compton, C. M., Connolly, G., Conti, L., Corbitt, T. R., Cordero-Carrión, I., Corezzi, S., Cornish, N. J., Corsi, A., Cortese, S., Costa, C. A., Cottingham, R., Coughlin, M. W., Couineaux, A., Coulon, J. -P., Countryman, S. T., Coupechoux, J. -F., Couvares, P., Coward, D. M., Cowart, M. J., Coyne, R., Craig, K., Creed, R., Creighton, J. D. E., Creighton, T. D., Cremonese, P., Criswell, A. W., Crockett-Gray, J. C. G., Crook, S., Crouch, R., Csizmazia, J., Cudell, J. R., Cullen, T. J., Cumming, A., Cuoco, E., Cusinato, M., Dabadie, P., Canton, T. Dal, Dall'Osso, S., Pra, S. Dal, Dálya, G., D'Angelo, B., Danilishin, S., D'Antonio, S., Danzmann, K., Darroch, K. E., Dartez, L. P., Dasgupta, A., Datta, S., Dattilo, V., Daumas, A., Davari, N., Dave, I., Davenport, A., Davier, M., Davies, T. F., Davis, D., Davis, L., Davis, M. C., Davis, P. J., Dax, M., De Bolle, J., Deenadayalan, M., Degallaix, J., De Laurentis, M., Deléglise, S., De Lillo, F., Dell'Aquila, D., Del Pozzo, W., De Marco, F., De Matteis, F., D'Emilio, V., Demos, N., Dent, T., Depasse, A., DePergola, N., De Pietri, R., De Rosa, R., De Rossi, C., DeSalvo, R., De Simone, R., Dhani, A., Diab, R., Díaz, M. C., Di Cesare, M., Dideron, G., Didio, N. A., Dietrich, T., Di Fiore, L., Di Fronzo, C., Di Giovanni, M., Di Girolamo, T., Diksha, D., Di Michele, A., Ding, J., Di Pace, S., Di Palma, I., Di Renzo, F., Divyajyoti, Dmitriev, A., Doctor, Z., Dohmen, E., Doleva, P. P., Dominguez, D., D'Onofrio, L., Donovan, F., Dooley, K. L., Dooney, T., Doravari, S., Dorosh, O., Drago, M., Driggers, J. C., Ducoin, J. -G., Dunn, L., Dupletsa, U., D'Urso, D., Duval, H., Duverne, P. -A., Dwyer, S. E., Eassa, C., Ebersold, M., Eckhardt, T., Eddolls, G., Edelman, B., Edo, T. B., Edy, O., Effler, A., Eichholz, J., Einsle, H., Eisenmann, M., Eisenstein, R. A., Ejlli, A., Eleveld, R. M., Emma, M., Endo, K., Engl, A. J., Enloe, E., Errico, L., Essick, R. C., Estellés, H., Estevez, D., Etzel, T., Evans, M., Evstafyeva, T., Ewing, B. E., Ezquiaga, J. M., Fabrizi, F., Faedi, F., Fafone, V., Fairhurst, S., Farah, A. M., Farr, B., Farr, W. M., Favaro, G., Favata, M., Fays, M., Fazio, M., Feicht, J., Fejer, M. M., Felicetti, R., Fenyvesi, E., Ferguson, D. L., Ferraiuolo, S., Ferrante, I., Ferreira, T. A., Fidecaro, F., Figura, P., Fiori, A., Fiori, I., Fishbach, M., Fisher, R. P., Fittipaldi, R., Fiumara, V., Flaminio, R., Fleischer, S. M., Fleming, L. S., Floden, E., Foley, E. M., Fong, H., Font, J. A., Fornal, B., Forsyth, P. W. F., Franceschetti, K., Franchini, N., Frasca, S., Frasconi, F., Mascioli, A. Frattale, Frei, Z., Freise, A., Freitas, O., Frey, R., Frischhertz, W., Fritschel, P., Frolov, V. V., Fronzé, G. G., Fuentes-Garcia, M., Fujii, S., Fujimori, T., Fulda, P., Fyffe, M., Gadre, B., Gair, J. R., Galaudage, S., Galdi, V., Gallagher, H., Gallardo, S., Gallego, B., Gamba, R., Gamboa, A., Ganapathy, D., Ganguly, A., Garaventa, B., García-Bellido, J., Núñez, C. García, García-Quirós, C., Gardner, J. W., Gardner, K. A., Gargiulo, J., Garron, A., Garufi, F., Gasbarra, C., Gateley, B., Gayathri, V., Gemme, G., Gennai, A., Gennari, V., George, J., George, R., Gerberding, O., Gergely, L., Ghosh, Archisman, Ghosh, Sayantan, Ghosh, Shaon, Ghosh, Shrobana, Ghosh, Suprovo, Ghosh, Tathagata, Giacoppo, L., Giaime, J. A., Giardina, K. D., Gibson, D. R., Gibson, D. T., Gier, C., Giri, P., Gissi, F., Gkaitatzis, S., Glanzer, J., Glotin, F., Godfrey, J., Godwin, P., Goebbels, N. L., Goetz, E., Golomb, J., Lopez, S. Gomez, Goncharov, B., Gong, Y., González, G., Goodarzi, P., Goode, S., Goodwin-Jones, A. W., Gosselin, M., Göttel, A. S., Gouaty, R., Gould, D. W., Govorkova, K., Goyal, S., Grace, B., Grado, A., Graham, V., Granados, A. E., Granata, M., Granata, V., Gras, S., Grassia, P., Gray, A., Gray, C., Gray, R., Greco, G., Green, A. C., Green, S. M., Green, S. R., Gretarsson, A. M., Gretarsson, E. M., Griffith, D., Griffiths, W. L., Griggs, H. L., Grignani, G., Grimaldi, A., Grimaud, C., Grote, H., Guerra, D., Guetta, D., Guidi, G. M., Guimaraes, A. R., Gulati, H. K., Gulminelli, F., Gunny, A. M., Guo, H., Guo, W., Guo, Y., Gupta, Anchal, Gupta, Anuradha, Gupta, Ish, Gupta, N. C., Gupta, P., Gupta, S. K., Gupta, T., Gupte, N., Gurs, J., Gutierrez, N., Guzman, F., H, H. -Y., Haba, D., Haberland, M., Haino, S., Hall, E. D., Hamilton, E. Z., Hammond, G., Han, W. -B., Haney, M., Hanks, J., Hanna, C., Hannam, M. D., Hannuksela, O. A., Hanselman, A. G., Hansen, H., Hanson, J., Harada, R., Hardison, A. R., Haris, K., Harmark, T., Harms, J., Harry, G. M., Harry, I. W., Hart, J., Haskell, B., Haster, C. -J., Hathaway, J. S., Haughian, K., Hayakawa, H., Hayama, K., Hayes, R., Heffernan, A., Heidmann, A., Heintze, M. C., Heinze, J., Heinzel, J., Heitmann, H., Hellman, F., Hello, P., Helmling-Cornell, A. F., Hemming, G., Henderson-Sapir, O., Hendry, M., Heng, I. S., Hennes, E., Henshaw, C., Hertog, T., Heurs, M., Hewitt, A. L., Heyns, J., Higginbotham, S., Hild, S., Hill, S., Himemoto, Y., Hirata, N., Hirose, C., Hoang, S., Hochheim, S., Hofman, D., Holland, N. A., Holley-Bockelmann, K., Holmes, Z. J., Holz, D. E., Honet, L., Hong, C., Hornung, J., Hoshino, S., Hough, J., Hourihane, S., Howell, E. J., Hoy, C. G., Hrishikesh, C. A., Hsieh, H. -F., Hsiung, C., Hsu, H. C., Hsu, W. -F., Hu, P., Hu, Q., Huang, H. Y., Huang, Y. -J., Huddart, A. D., Hughey, B., Hui, D. C. Y., Hui, V., Husa, S., Huxford, R., Huynh-Dinh, T., Iampieri, L., Iandolo, G. A., Ianni, M., Iess, A., Imafuku, H., Inayoshi, K., Inoue, Y., Iorio, G., Iqbal, M. H., Irwin, J., Ishikawa, R., Isi, M., Ismail, M. A., Itoh, Y., Iwanaga, H., Iwaya, M., Iyer, B. R., JaberianHamedan, V., Jacquet, C., Jacquet, P. -E., Jadhav, S. J., Jadhav, S. P., Jain, T., James, A. L., James, P. A., Jamshidi, R., Janquart, J., Janssens, K., Janthalur, N. N., Jaraba, S., Jaranowski, P., Jaume, R., Javed, W., Jennings, A., Jia, W., Jiang, J., Kubisz, J., Johanson, C., Johns, G. R., Johnson, N. A., Johnston, M. C., Johnston, R., Johny, N., Jones, D. H., Jones, D. I., Jones, R., Jose, S., Joshi, P., Ju, L., Jung, K., Junker, J., Juste, V., Kajita, T., Kaku, I., Kalaghatgi, C., Kalogera, V., Kamiizumi, M., Kanda, N., Kandhasamy, S., Kang, G., Kanner, J. B., Kapadia, S. J., Kapasi, D. P., Karat, S., Karathanasis, C., Kashyap, R., Kasprzack, M., Kastaun, W., Kato, T., Katsavounidis, E., Katzman, W., Kaushik, R., Kawabe, K., Kawamoto, R., Kazemi, A., Keitel, D., Kelley-Derzon, J., Kennington, J., Kesharwani, R., Key, J. S., Khadela, R., Khadka, S., Khalili, F. Y., Khan, F., Khan, I., Khanam, T., Khursheed, M., Khusid, N. M., Kiendrebeogo, W., Kijbunchoo, N., Kim, C., Kim, J. C., Kim, K., Kim, M. H., Kim, S., Kim, Y. -M., Kimball, C., Kinley-Hanlon, M., Kinnear, M., Kissel, J. S., Klimenko, S., Knee, A. M., Knust, N., Kobayashi, K., Obergaulinger, M., Koch, P., Koehlenbeck, S. M., Koekoek, G., Kohri, K., Kokeyama, K., Koley, S., Kolitsidou, P., Kolstein, M., Komori, K., Kong, A. K. H., Kontos, A., Korobko, M., Kossak, R. V., Kou, X., Koushik, A., Kouvatsos, N., Kovalam, M., Kozak, D. B., Kranzhoff, S. L., Kringel, V., Krishnendu, N. V., Królak, A., Kruska, K., Kuehn, G., Kuijer, P., Kulkarni, S., Ramamohan, A. Kulur, Kumar, A., Kumar, Praveen, Kumar, Prayush, Kumar, Rahul, Kumar, Rakesh, Kume, J., Kuns, K., Kuntimaddi, N., Kuroyanagi, S., Kurth, N. J., Kuwahara, S., Kwak, K., Kwan, K., Kwok, J., Lacaille, G., Lagabbe, P., Laghi, D., Lai, S., Laity, A. H., Lakkis, M. H., Lalande, E., Lalleman, M., Lalremruati, P. C., Landry, M., Lane, B. B., Lang, R. N., Lange, J., Lantz, B., La Rana, A., La Rosa, I., Lartaux-Vollard, A., Lasky, P. D., Lawrence, J., Lawrence, M. N., Laxen, M., Lazzarini, A., Lazzaro, C., Leaci, P., Lecoeuche, Y. K., Lee, H. M., Lee, H. W., Lee, K., Lee, R. -K., Lee, R., Lee, S., Lee, Y., Legred, I. N., Lehmann, J., Lehner, L., Jean, M. Le, Lemaître, A., Lenti, M., Leonardi, M., Lequime, M., Leroy, N., Lesovsky, M., Letendre, N., Lethuillier, M., Levin, S. E., Levin, Y., Leyde, K., Li, A. K. Y., Li, K. L., Li, T. G. F., Li, X., Li, Z., Lihos, A., Lin, C-Y., Lin, C. -Y., Lin, E. T., Lin, F., Lin, H., Lin, L. C. -C., Lin, Y. -C., Linde, F., Linker, S. D., Littenberg, T. B., Liu, A., Liu, G. C., Liu, Jian, Villarreal, F. Llamas, Llobera-Querol, J., Lo, R. K. L., Locquet, J. -P., London, L. T., Longo, A., Lopez, D., Portilla, M. Lopez, Lorenzini, M., Lorenzo-Medina, A., Loriette, V., Lormand, M., Losurdo, G., Lott IV, T. P., Lough, J. D., Loughlin, H. A., Lousto, C. O., Lowry, M. J., Lu, N., Lück, H., Lumaca, D., Lundgren, A. P., Lussier, A. W., Ma, L. -T., Ma, S., Ma'arif, M., Macas, R., Macedo, A., MacInnis, M., Maciy, R. R., Macleod, D. M., MacMillan, I. A. O., Macquet, A., Macri, D., Maeda, K., Maenaut, S., Hernandez, I. Magaña, Magare, S. S., Magazzù, C., Magee, R. M., Maggio, E., Maggiore, R., Magnozzi, M., Mahesh, M., Mahesh, S., Maini, M., Majhi, S., Majorana, E., Makarem, C. N., Makelele, E., Malaquias-Reis, J. A., Mali, U., Maliakal, S., Malik, A., Man, N., Mandic, V., Mangano, V., Mannix, B., Mansell, G. L., Mansingh, G., Manske, M., Mantovani, M., Mapelli, M., Marchesoni, F., Pina, D. Marín, Marion, F., Márka, S., Márka, Z., Markosyan, A. S., Markowitz, A., Maros, E., Marsat, S., Martelli, F., Martin, I. W., Martin, R. M., Martinez, B. B., Martinez, M., Martinez, V., Martini, A., Martinovic, K., Martins, J. C., Martynov, D. V., Marx, E. J., Massaro, L., Masserot, A., Masso-Reid, M., Mastrodicasa, M., Mastrogiovanni, S., Matcovich, T., Matiushechkina, M., Matsuyama, M., Mavalvala, N., Maxwell, N., McCarrol, G., McCarthy, R., McClelland, D. E., McCormick, S., McCuller, L., McEachin, S., McElhenny, C., McGhee, G. I., McGinn, J., McGowan, K. B. M., McIver, J., McLeod, A., McRae, T., Meacher, D., Meijer, Q., Melatos, A., Mellaerts, S., Menendez-Vazquez, A., Menoni, C. S., Mera, F., Mercer, R. A., Mereni, L., Merfeld, K., Merilh, E. L., Mérou, J. R., Merritt, J. D., Merzougui, M., Messenger, C., Messick, C., Meyer-Conde, M., Meylahn, F., Mhaske, A., Miani, A., Miao, H., Michaloliakos, I., Michel, C., Michimura, Y., Middleton, H., Miller, A. L., Miller, S., Millhouse, M., Milotti, E., Milotti, V., Minenkov, Y., Mio, N., Mir, Ll. M., Mirasola, L., Miravet-Tenés, M., Miritescu, C. -A., Mishra, A. K., Mishra, A., Mishra, C., Mishra, T., Mitchell, A. L., Mitchell, J. G., Mitra, S., Mitrofanov, V. P., Mittleman, R., Miyakawa, O., Miyamoto, S., Miyoki, S., Mo, G., Mobilia, L., Mohapatra, S. R. P., Mohite, S. R., Molina-Ruiz, M., Mondal, C., Mondin, M., Montani, M., Moore, C. J., Moraru, D., More, A., More, S., Moreno, G., Morgan, C., Morisaki, S., Moriwaki, Y., Morras, G., Moscatello, A., Mourier, P., Mours, B., Mow-Lowry, C. M., Muciaccia, F., Mukherjee, Arunava, Mukherjee, D., Mukherjee, Samanwaya, Mukherjee, Soma, Mukherjee, Subroto, Mukherjee, Suvodip, Mukund, N., Mullavey, A., Munch, J., Mundi, J., Mungioli, C. L., Oberg, W. R. Munn, Murakami, Y., Murakoshi, M., Murray, P. G., Muusse, S., Nabari, D., Nadji, S. L., Nagar, A., Nagarajan, N., Nagler, K. N., Nakagaki, K., Nakamura, K., Nakano, H., Nakano, M., Nandi, D., Napolano, V., Narayan, P., Nardecchia, I., Narikawa, T., Narola, H., Naticchioni, L., Nayak, R. K., Neilson, J., Nelson, A., Nelson, T. J. N., Nery, M., Neunzert, A., Ng, S., Quynh, L. Nguyen, Nichols, S. A., Nielsen, A. B., Nieradka, G., Niko, A., Nishino, Y., Nishizawa, A., Nissanke, S., Nitoglia, E., Niu, W., Nocera, F., Norman, M., North, C., Novak, J., Siles, J. F. Nuño, Nuttall, L. K., Obayashi, K., Oberling, J., O'Dell, J., Oertel, M., Offermans, A., Oganesyan, G., Oh, J. J., Oh, K., O'Hanlon, T., Ohashi, M., Ohkawa, M., Ohme, F., Oliveira, A. S., Oliveri, R., O'Neal, B., Oohara, K., O'Reilly, B., Ormsby, N. D., Orselli, M., O'Shaughnessy, R., O'Shea, S., Oshima, Y., Oshino, S., Ossokine, S., Osthelder, C., Ota, I., Ottaway, D. J., Ouzriat, A., Overmier, H., Owen, B. J., Pace, A. E., Pagano, R., Page, M. A., Pai, A., Pal, A., Pal, S., Palaia, M. A., Pálfi, M., Palma, P. P., Palomba, C., Palud, P., Pan, H., Pan, J., Pan, K. C., Panai, R., Panda, P. K., Pandey, S., Panebianco, L., Pang, P. T. H., Pannarale, F., Pannone, K. A., Pant, B. C., Panther, F. H., Paoletti, F., Paolone, A., Papalexakis, E. E., Papalini, L., Papigkiotis, G., Paquis, A., Parisi, A., Park, B. -J., Park, J., Parker, W., Pascale, G., Pascucci, D., Pasqualetti, A., Passaquieti, R., Passenger, L., Passuello, D., Patane, O., Pathak, D., Pathak, M., Patra, A., Patricelli, B., Patron, A. S., Paul, K., Paul, S., Payne, E., Pearce, T., Pedraza, M., Pegna, R., Pele, A., Arellano, F. E. Peña, Penn, S., Penuliar, M. D., Perego, A., Pereira, Z., Perez, J. J., Périgois, C., Perna, G., Perreca, A., Perret, J., Perriès, S., Perry, J. W., Pesios, D., Petracca, S., Petrillo, C., Pfeiffer, H. P., Pham, H., Pham, K. A., Phukon, K. S., Phurailatpam, H., Piarulli, M., Piccari, L., Piccinni, O. J., Pichot, M., Piendibene, M., Piergiovanni, F., Pierini, L., Pierra, G., Pierro, V., Pietrzak, M., Pillas, M., Pilo, F., Pinard, L., Pinto, I. M., Pinto, M., Piotrzkowski, B. J., Pirello, M., Pitkin, M. D., Placidi, A., Placidi, E., Planas, M. L., Plastino, W., Poggiani, R., Polini, E., Pompili, L., Poon, J., Porcelli, E., Porter, E. K., Posnansky, C., Poulton, R., Powell, J., Pracchia, M., Pradhan, B. K., Pradier, T., Prajapati, A. K., Prasai, K., Prasanna, R., Prasia, P., Pratten, G., Principe, G., Principe, M., Prodi, G. A., Prokhorov, L., Prosposito, P., Puecher, A., Pullin, J., Punturo, M., Puppo, P., Pürrer, M., Qi, H., Qin, J., Quéméner, G., Quetschke, V., Quigley, C., Quinonez, P. J., Raab, F. J., Raabith, S. S., Raaijmakers, G., Raja, S., Rajan, C., Rajbhandari, B., Ramirez, K. E., Vidal, F. A. Ramis, Ramos-Buades, A., Rana, D., Ranjan, S., Ransom, K., Rapagnani, P., Ratto, B., Rawat, S., Ray, A., Raymond, V., Razzano, M., Read, J., Payo, M. Recaman, Regimbau, T., Rei, L., Reid, S., Reitze, D. H., Relton, P., Renzini, A. I., Rettegno, P., Revenu, B., Reyes, R., Rezaei, A. S., Ricci, F., Ricci, M., Ricciardone, A., Richardson, J. W., Richardson, M., Rijal, A., Riles, K., Riley, H. K., Rinaldi, S., Rittmeyer, J., Robertson, C., Robinet, F., Robinson, M., Rocchi, A., Rolland, L., Rollins, J. G., Romano, A. E., Romano, R., Romero, A., Romero-Shaw, I. M., Romie, J. H., Ronchini, S., Roocke, T. J., Rosa, L., Rosauer, T. J., Rose, C. A., Rosińska, D., Ross, M. P., Rossello, M., Rowan, S., Roy, S. K., Roy, S., Rozza, D., Ruggi, P., Ruhama, N., Morales, E. Ruiz, Ruiz-Rocha, K., Sachdev, S., Sadecki, T., Sadiq, J., Saffarieh, P., Sah, M. R., Saha, S. S., Saha, S., Sainrat, T., Menon, S. Sajith, Sakai, K., Sakellariadou, M., Sakon, S., Salafia, O. S., Salces-Carcoba, F., Salconi, L., Saleem, M., Salemi, F., Sallé, M., Salvador, S., Sanchez, A., Sanchez, E. J., Sanchez, J. H., Sanchez, L. E., Sanchis-Gual, N., Sanders, J. R., Sänger, E. M., Santoliquido, F., Saravanan, T. R., Sarin, N., Sasaoka, S., Sasli, A., Sassi, P., Sassolas, B., Satari, H., Sato, R., Sato, Y., Sauter, O., Savage, R. L., Sawada, T., Sawant, H. L., Sayah, S., Scacco, V., Schaetzl, D., Scheel, M., Schiebelbein, A., Schiworski, M. G., Schmidt, P., Schmidt, S., Schnabel, R., Schneewind, M., Schofield, R. M. S., Schouteden, K., Schulte, B. W., Schutz, B. F., Schwartz, E., Scialpi, M., Scott, J., Scott, S. M., Seetharamu, T. C., Seglar-Arroyo, M., Sekiguchi, Y., Sellers, D., Sengupta, A. S., Sentenac, D., Seo, E. G., Seo, J. W., Sequino, V., Serra, M., Servignat, G., Sevrin, A., Shaffer, T., Shah, U. S., Shaikh, M. A., Shao, L., Sharma, A. K., Sharma, P., Sharma-Chaudhary, S., Shaw, M. R., Shawhan, P., Shcheblanov, N. S., Sheridan, E., Shikano, Y., Shikauchi, M., Shimode, K., Shinkai, H., Shiota, J., Shoemaker, D. H., Shoemaker, D. M., Short, R. W., ShyamSundar, S., Sider, A., Siegel, H., Sieniawska, M., Sigg, D., Silenzi, L., Simmonds, M., Singer, L. P., Singh, A., Singh, D., Singh, M. K., Singh, S., Singha, A., Sintes, A. M., Sipala, V., Skliris, V., Slagmolen, B. J. J., Slaven-Blair, T. J., Smetana, J., Smith, J. R., Smith, L., Smith, R. J. E., Smith, W. J., Soldateschi, J., Somiya, K., Song, I., Soni, K., Soni, S., Sordini, V., Sorrentino, F., Sorrentino, N., Sotani, H., Soulard, R., Southgate, A., Spagnuolo, V., Spencer, A. P., Spera, M., Spinicelli, P., Spoon, J. B., Sprague, C. A., Srivastava, A. K., Stachurski, F., Steer, D. A., Steinlechner, J., Steinlechner, S., Stergioulas, N., Stevens, P., StPierre, M., Stratta, G., Strong, M. D., Strunk, A., Sturani, R., Stuver, A. L., Suchenek, M., Sudhagar, S., Sueltmann, N., Suleiman, L., Sullivan, K. D., Sun, L., Sunil, S., Suresh, J., Sutton, P. J., Suzuki, T., Suzuki, Y., Swinkels, B. L., Syx, A., Szczepańczyk, M. J., Szewczyk, P., Tacca, M., Tagoshi, H., Tait, S. C., Takahashi, H., Takahashi, R., Takamori, A., Takase, T., Takatani, K., Takeda, H., Takeshita, K., Talbot, C., Tamaki, M., Tamanini, N., Tanabe, D., Tanaka, K., Tanaka, S. J., Tanaka, T., Tang, D., Tanioka, S., Tanner, D. B., Tao, L., Tapia, R. D., Martín, E. N. Tapia San, Tarafder, R., Taranto, C., Taruya, A., Tasson, J. D., Teloi, M., Tenorio, R., Themann, H., Theodoropoulos, A., Thirugnanasambandam, M. P., Thomas, L. M., Thomas, M., Thomas, P., Thompson, J. E., Thondapu, S. R., Thorne, K. A., Thrane, E., Tissino, J., Tiwari, A., Tiwari, P., Tiwari, S., Tiwari, V., Todd, M. R., Toivonen, A. M., Toland, K., Tolley, A. E., Tomaru, T., Tomita, K., Tomura, T., Tong-Yu, C., Toriyama, A., Toropov, N., Torres-Forné, A., Torrie, C. I., Toscani, M., Melo, I. Tosta e, Tournefier, E., Trapananti, A., Travasso, F., Traylor, G., Trevor, M., Tringali, M. C., Tripathee, A., Troian, G., Troiano, L., Trovato, A., Trozzo, L., Trudeau, R. J., Tsang, T. T. L., Tso, R., Tsuchida, S., Tsukada, L., Tsutsui, T., Turbang, K., Turconi, M., Turski, C., Ubach, H., Uchikata, N., Uchiyama, T., Udall, R. P., Uehara, T., Uematsu, M., Ueno, K., Ueno, S., Undheim, V., Ushiba, T., Vacatello, M., Vahlbruch, H., Vaidya, N., Vajente, G., Vajpeyi, A., Valdes, G., Valencia, J., Valentini, M., Vallejo-Peña, S. A., Vallero, S., Valsan, V., van Bakel, N., van Beuzekom, M., van Dael, M., Brand, J. F. J. van den, Broeck, C. Van Den, Vander-Hyde, D. C., van der Sluys, M., Van de Walle, A., van Dongen, J., Vandra, K., van Haevermaet, H., van Heijningen, J. V., Van Hove, P., VanKeuren, M., Vanosky, J., van Putten, M. H. P. M., van Ranst, Z., van Remortel, N., Vardaro, M., Vargas, A. F., Varghese, J. J., Varma, V., Vasúth, M., Vecchio, A., Vedovato, G., Veitch, J., Veitch, P. J., Venikoudis, S., Venneberg, J., Verdier, P., Verkindt, D., Verma, B., Verma, P., Verma, Y., Vermeulen, S. M., Vetrano, F., Veutro, A., Vibhute, A. M., Viceré, A., Vidyant, S., Viets, A. D., Vijaykumar, A., Vilkha, A., Villa-Ortega, V., Vincent, E. T., Vinet, J. -Y., Viret, S., Virtuoso, A., Vitale, S., Vives, A., Vocca, H., Voigt, D., von Reis, E. R. G., von Wrangel, J. S. A., Vyatchanin, S. P., Wade, L. E., Wade, M., Wagner, K. J., Wajid, A., Walker, M., Wallace, G. S., Wallace, L., Wang, H., Wang, J. Z., Wang, W. H., Wang, Z., Waratkar, G., Warner, J., Was, M., Washimi, T., Washington, N. Y., Watarai, D., Wayt, K. E., Weaver, B. R., Weaver, B., Weaving, C. R., Webster, S. A., Weinert, M., Weinstein, A. J., Weiss, R., Wellmann, F., Wen, L., Weßels, P., Wette, K., Whelan, J. T., Whiting, B. F., Whittle, C., Wildberger, J. B., Wilk, O. S., Wilken, D., Wilkin, A. T., Willadsen, D. J., Willetts, K., Williams, D., Williams, M. J., Williams, N. S., Willis, J. L., Willke, B., Wils, M., Winterflood, J., Wipf, C. C., Woan, G., Woehler, J., Wofford, J. K., Wolfe, N. E., Wong, H. T., Wong, H. W. Y., Wong, I. C. F., Wright, J. L., Wright, M., Wu, C., Wu, D. S., Wu, H., Wuchner, E., Wysocki, D. M., Xu, V. A., Xu, Y., Yadav, N., Yamamoto, H., Yamamoto, K., Yamamoto, T. S., Yamamoto, T., Yamamura, S., Yamazaki, R., Yan, S., Yan, T., Yang, F. W., Yang, F., Yang, K. Z., Yang, Y., Yarbrough, Z., Yasui, H., Yeh, S. -W., Yelikar, A. B., Yin, X., Yokoyama, J., Yokozawa, T., Yoo, J., Yu, H., Yuan, S., Yuzurihara, H., Zadrożny, A., Zanolin, M., Zeeshan, M., Zelenova, T., Zendri, J. -P., Zeoli, M., Zerrad, M., Zevin, M., Zhang, A. C., Zhang, L., Zhang, R., Zhang, T., Zhang, Y., Zhao, C., Zhao, Yue, Zhao, Yuhang, Zheng, Y., Zhong, H., Zhou, R., Zhu, X. -J., Zhu, Z. -H., Zimmerman, A. B., Zucker, M. E., and Zweizig, J.
Subjects: Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract: We present the results of a search for gravitational-wave transients associated with core-collapse supernova SN 2023ixf, which was observed in the galaxy Messier 101 via optical emission on 2023 May 19th, during the LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA 15th Engineering Run. We define a five-day on-source window during which an accompanying gravitational-wave signal may have occurred. No gravitational waves have been identified in data when at least two gravitational-wave observatories were operating, which covered $\sim 14\%$ of this five-day window. We report the search detection efficiency for various possible gravitational-wave emission models. Considering the distance to M101 (6.7 Mpc), we derive constraints on the gravitational-wave emission mechanism of core-collapse supernovae across a broad frequency spectrum, ranging from 50 Hz to 2 kHz where we assume the GW emission occurred when coincident data are available in the on-source window. Considering an ellipsoid model for a rotating proto-neutron star, our search is sensitive to gravitational-wave energy $1 \times 10^{-5} M_{\odot} c^2$ and luminosity $4 \times 10^{-5} M_{\odot} c^2/\text{s}$ for a source emitting at 50 Hz. These constraints are around an order of magnitude more stringent than those obtained so far with gravitational-wave data. The constraint on the ellipticity of the proto-neutron star that is formed is as low as $1.04$, at frequencies above $1200$ Hz, surpassing results from SN 2019ejj., Comment: Main paper: 6 pages, 4 figures and 1 table. Total with appendices: 20 pages, 4 figures, and 1 table
Published: 2024

19. UVCANDELS: Catalogs of photometric redshifts and galaxy physical properties

Author: Mehta, Vihang, Rafelski, Marc, Sunnquist, Ben, Teplitz, Harry I., Scarlata, Claudia, Wang, Xin, Fontana, Adriano, Hathi, Nimish P., Iyer, Kartheik G., Alavi, Anahita, Colbert, James, Grogin, Norman, Koekemoer, Anton, Nedkova, Kalina V., Hayes, Matthew, Prichard, Laura, Siana, Brian, Smith, Brent M., Windhorst, Rogier, Ashcraft, Teresa, Bagley, Micaela, Baronchelli, Ivano, Barro, Guillermo, Blanche, Alex, Broussard, Adam, Carleton, Timothy, Chartab, Nima, Codoreanu, Alex, Cohen, Seth, Conselice, Christopher, Dai, Y. Sophia, Darvish, Behnam, Dave, Romeel, DeGroot, Laura, De Mello, Duilia, Dickinson, Mark, Emami, Najmeh, Ferguson, Henry, Ferreira, Leonardo, Finkelstein, Keely, Finkelstein, Steven, Gardner, Jonathan P., Gawiser, Eric, Gburek, Timothy, Giavalisco, Mauro, Grazian, Andrea, Gronwall, Caryl, Guo, Yicheng, Haro, Pablo Arrabal, Hemmati, Shoubaneh, Howell, Justin, Jansen, Rolf A., Ji, Zhiyuan, Kaviraj, Sugata, Kim, Keunho J., Kurczynski, Peter, Lazar, Ilin, Lucas, Ray A., MacKenty, John, Mantha, Kameswara Bharadwaj, Martin, Alec, Martin, Garreth, McCabe, Tyler, Mobasher, Bahram, Morales, Alexa M., O'Connell, Robert, Olsen, Charlotte, Otteson, Lillian, Ravindranath, Swara, Redshaw, Caleb, Rutkowski, Michael, Robertson, Brant, Sattari, Zahra, Soto, Emmaris, Sun, Lei, Taamoli, Sina, Vanzella, Eros, Yung, L. Y. Aaron, and Zabelle, Bonnabelle
Subjects: Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies
Abstract: The UltraViolet imaging of the Cosmic Assembly Near-infrared Deep Extragalactic Legacy Survey Fields (UVCANDELS) program provides deep HST F275W and F435W imaging over four CANDELS fields (GOODS-N, GOODS-S, COSMOS, and EGS). We combine this newly acquired UV imaging with existing HST imaging from CANDELS as well as existing ancillary data to obtain robust photometric redshifts and reliable estimates for galaxy physical properties for over 150,000 galaxies in the $\sim$430 arcmin$^2$ UVCANDELS area. Here, we leverage the power of the new UV photometry to not only improve the photometric redshift measurements in these fields, but also constrain the full redshift probability distribution combining multiple redshift fitting tools. Furthermore, using the full UV-to-IR photometric dataset, we measure the galaxy physical properties by fitting templates from population synthesis models with two different parameterizations (flexible and fixed-form) of the star-formation histories (SFHs). Compared to the flexible SFH parametrization, we find that the fixed-form SFHs systematically underestimate the galaxy stellar masses, both at the low- ($\lesssim10^9 M_\odot$) and high- ($\gtrsim10^{10} M_\odot$) mass end, by as much as $\sim0.5$ dex. This underestimation is primarily due the limited ability of fixed-form SFH parameterization to simultaneously capture the chaotic nature of star-formation in these galaxies., Comment: 22 pages, 6 figures; accepted to ApJS; catalogs available via MAST
Published: 2024

20. A search using GEO600 for gravitational waves coincident with fast radio bursts from SGR 1935+2154

Author: The LIGO Scientific Collaboration, the Virgo Collaboration, the KAGRA Collaboration, Abac, A. G., Abbott, R., Abouelfettouh, I., Acernese, F., Ackley, K., Adhicary, S., Adhikari, N., Adhikari, R. X., Adkins, V. K., Agarwal, D., Agathos, M., Abchouyeh, M. Aghaei, Aguiar, O. D., Aguilar, I., Aiello, L., Ain, A., Ajith, P., Akutsu, T., Albanesi, S., Alfaidi, R. A., Al-Jodah, A., Alléné, C., Allocca, A., Al-Shammari, S., Altin, P. A., Alvarez-Lopez, S., Amato, A., Amez-Droz, L., Amorosi, A., Amra, C., Ananyeva, A., Anderson, S. B., Anderson, W. G., Andia, M., Ando, M., Andrade, T., Andres, N., Andrés-Carcasona, M., Andrić, T., Anglin, J., Ansoldi, S., Antelis, J. M., Antier, S., Aoumi, M., Appavuravther, E. Z., Appert, S., Apple, S. K., Arai, K., Araya, A., Araya, M. C., Areeda, J. S., Argianas, L., Aritomi, N., Armato, F., Arnaud, N., Arogeti, M., Aronson, S. M., Ashton, G., Aso, Y., Assiduo, M., Melo, S. Assis de Souza, Aston, S. M., Astone, P., Attadio, F., Aubin, F., AultONeal, K., Avallone, G., Azrad, D., Babak, S., Badaracco, F., Badger, C., Bae, S., Bagnasco, S., Bagui, E., Baier, J. G., Baiotti, L., Bajpai, R., Baka, T., Ball, M., Ballardin, G., Ballmer, S. W., Banagiri, S., Banerjee, B., Bankar, D., Baral, P., Barayoga, J. C., Barish, B. C., Barker, D., Barneo, P., Barone, F., Barr, B., Barsotti, L., Barsuglia, M., Barta, D., Bartoletti, A. M., Barton, M. A., Bartos, I., Basak, S., Basalaev, A., Bassiri, R., Basti, A., Bates, D. E., Bawaj, M., Baxi, P., Bayley, J. C., Baylor, A. C., Baynard II, P. A., Bazzan, M., Bedakihale, V. M., Beirnaert, F., Bejger, M., Belardinelli, D., Bell, A. S., Benedetto, V., Benoit, W., Bentley, J. D., Yaala, M. Ben, Bera, S., Berbel, M., Bergamin, F., Berger, B. K., Bernuzzi, S., Beroiz, M., Bersanetti, D., Bertolini, A., Betzwieser, J., Beveridge, D., Bevins, N., Bhandare, R., Bhardwaj, U., Bhatt, R., Bhattacharjee, D., Bhaumik, S., Bhowmick, S., Bianchi, A., Bilenko, I. A., Billingsley, G., Binetti, A., Bini, S., Birnholtz, O., Biscoveanu, S., Bisht, A., Bitossi, M., Bizouard, M. -A., Blackburn, J. K., Blagg, L. A., Blair, C. D., Blair, D. G., Bobba, F., Bode, N., Boileau, G., Boldrini, M., Bolingbroke, G. N., Bolliand, A., Bonavena, L. D., Bondarescu, R., Bondu, F., Bonilla, E., Bonilla, M. S., Bonino, A., Bonnand, R., Booker, P., Borchers, A., Boschi, V., Bose, S., Bossilkov, V., Boudart, V., Boudon, A., Bozzi, A., Bradaschia, C., Brady, P. R., Braglia, M., Branch, A., Branchesi, M., Brandt, J., Braun, I., Breschi, M., Briant, T., Brillet, A., Brinkmann, M., Brockill, P., Brockmueller, E., Brooks, A. F., Brown, B. C., Brown, D. D., Brozzetti, M. L., Brunett, S., Bruno, G., Bruntz, R., Bryant, J., Bucci, F., Buchanan, J., Bulashenko, O., Bulik, T., Bulten, H. J., Buonanno, A., Burtnyk, K., Buscicchio, R., Buskulic, D., Buy, C., Byer, R. L., Davies, G. S. Cabourn, Cabras, G., Cabrita, R., Cáceres-Barbosa, V., Cadonati, L., Cagnoli, G., Cahillane, C., Bustillo, J. Calderón, Callister, T. A., Calloni, E., Camp, J. B., Canepa, M., Santoro, G. Caneva, Cannon, K. C., Cao, H., Capistran, L. A., Capocasa, E., Capote, E., Carapella, G., Carbognani, F., Carlassara, M., Carlin, J. B., Carpinelli, M., Carrillo, G., Carter, J. J., Carullo, G., Diaz, J. Casanueva, Casentini, C., Castro-Lucas, S. Y., Caudill, S., Cavaglià, M., Cavalieri, R., Cella, G., Cerdá-Durán, P., Cesarini, E., Chaibi, W., Chakraborty, P., Subrahmanya, S. Chalathadka, Chan, J. C. L., Chan, M., Chandra, K., Chang, R. -J., Chao, S., Charlton, E. L., Charlton, P., Chassande-Mottin, E., Chatterjee, C., Chatterjee, Debarati, Chatterjee, Deep, Chaturvedi, M., Chaty, S., Chen, A., Chen, A. H. -Y., Chen, D., Chen, H., Chen, H. Y., Chen, J., Chen, K. H., Chen, Y., Chen, Yanbei, Chen, Yitian, Cheng, H. P., Chessa, P., Cheung, H. T., Cheung, S. Y., Chiadini, F., Chiarini, G., Chierici, R., Chincarini, A., Chiofalo, M. L., Chiummo, A., Chou, C., Choudhary, S., Christensen, N., Chua, S. S. Y., Chugh, P., Ciani, G., Ciecielag, P., Cieślar, M., Cifaldi, M., Ciolfi, R., Clara, F., Clark, J. A., Clarke, J., Clarke, T. A., Clearwater, P., Clesse, S., Coccia, E., Codazzo, E., Cohadon, P. -F., Colace, S., Colleoni, M., Collette, C. G., Collins, J., Colloms, S., Colombo, A., Colpi, M., Compton, C. M., Connolly, G., Conti, L., Corbitt, T. R., Cordero-Carrión, I., Corezzi, S., Cornish, N. J., Corsi, A., Cortese, S., Costa, C. A., Cottingham, R., Coughlin, M. W., Couineaux, A., Coulon, J. -P., Countryman, S. T., Coupechoux, J. -F., Couvares, P., Coward, D. M., Cowart, M. J., Coyne, R., Craig, K., Creed, R., Creighton, J. D. E., Creighton, T. D., Cremonese, P., Criswell, A. W., Crockett-Gray, J. C. G., Crook, S., Crouch, R., Csizmazia, J., Cudell, J. R., Cullen, T. J., Cumming, A., Cuoco, E., Cusinato, M., Dabadie, P., Canton, T. Dal, Dall'Osso, S., Pra, S. Dal, Dálya, G., D'Angelo, B., Danilishin, S., D'Antonio, S., Danzmann, K., Darroch, K. E., Dartez, L. P., Dasgupta, A., Datta, S., Dattilo, V., Daumas, A., Davari, N., Dave, I., Davenport, A., Davier, M., Davies, T. F., Davis, D., Davis, L., Davis, M. C., Davis, P. J., Dax, M., De Bolle, J., Deenadayalan, M., Degallaix, J., De Laurentis, M., Deléglise, S., De Lillo, F., Dell'Aquila, D., Del Pozzo, W., De Marco, F., De Matteis, F., D'Emilio, V., Demos, N., Dent, T., Depasse, A., DePergola, N., De Pietri, R., De Rosa, R., De Rossi, C., DeSalvo, R., De Simone, R., Dhani, A., Diab, R., Díaz, M. C., Di Cesare, M., Dideron, G., Didio, N. A., Dietrich, T., Di Fiore, L., Di Fronzo, C., Di Giovanni, M., Di Girolamo, T., Diksha, D., Di Michele, A., Ding, J., Di Pace, S., Di Palma, I., Di Renzo, F., Divyajyoti, Dmitriev, A., Doctor, Z., Dohmen, E., Doleva, P. P., Dominguez, D., D'Onofrio, L., Donovan, F., Dooley, K. L., Dooney, T., Doravari, S., Dorosh, O., Drago, M., Driggers, J. C., Ducoin, J. -G., Dunn, L., Dupletsa, U., D'Urso, D., Duval, H., Duverne, P. -A., Dwyer, S. E., Eassa, C., Ebersold, M., Eckhardt, T., Eddolls, G., Edelman, B., Edo, T. B., Edy, O., Effler, A., Eichholz, J., Einsle, H., Eisenmann, M., Eisenstein, R. A., Ejlli, A., Eleveld, R. M., Emma, M., Endo, K., Engl, A. J., Enloe, E., Errico, L., Essick, R. C., Estellés, H., Estevez, D., Etzel, T., Evans, M., Evstafyeva, T., Ewing, B. E., Ezquiaga, J. M., Fabrizi, F., Faedi, F., Fafone, V., Fairhurst, S., Farah, A. M., Farr, B., Farr, W. M., Favaro, G., Favata, M., Fays, M., Fazio, M., Feicht, J., Fejer, M. M., Felicetti, R. ., Fenyvesi, E., Ferguson, D. L., Ferraiuolo, S., Ferrante, I., Ferreira, T. A., Fidecaro, F., Figura, P., Fiori, A., Fiori, I., Fishbach, M., Fisher, R. P., Fittipaldi, R., Fiumara, V., Flaminio, R., Fleischer, S. M., Fleming, L. S., Floden, E., Foley, E. M., Fong, H., Font, J. A., Fornal, B., Forsyth, P. W. 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Tapia San, Tarafder, R., Taranto, C., Taruya, A., Tasson, J. D., Teloi, M., Tenorio, R., Themann, H., Theodoropoulos, A., Thirugnanasambandam, M. P., Thomas, L. M., Thomas, M., Thomas, P., Thompson, J. E., Thondapu, S. R., Thorne, K. A., Thrane, E., Tissino, J., Tiwari, A., Tiwari, P., Tiwari, S., Tiwari, V., Todd, M. R., Toivonen, A. M., Toland, K., Tolley, A. E., Tomaru, T., Tomita, K., Tomura, T., Tong-Yu, C., Toriyama, A., Toropov, N., Torres-Forné, A., Torrie, C. I., Toscani, M., Melo, I. Tosta e, Tournefier, E., Trapananti, A., Travasso, F., Traylor, G., Trevor, M., Tringali, M. C., Tripathee, A., Troian, G., Troiano, L., Trovato, A., Trozzo, L., Trudeau, R. J., Tsang, T. T. L., Tso, R., Tsuchida, S., Tsukada, L., Tsutsui, T., Turbang, K., Turconi, M., Turski, C., Ubach, H., Uchiyama, T., Udall, R. P., Uehara, T., Uematsu, M., Ueno, K., Ueno, S., Undheim, V., Ushiba, T., Vacatello, M., Vahlbruch, H., Vaidya, N., Vajente, G., Vajpeyi, A., Valdes, G., Valencia, J., Valentini, M., Vallejo-Peña, S. A., Vallero, S., Valsan, V., van Bakel, N., van Beuzekom, M., van Dael, M., Brand, J. F. J. van den, Broeck, C. Van Den, Vander-Hyde, D. C., van der Sluys, M., Van de Walle, A., van Dongen, J., Vandra, K., van Haevermaet, H., van Heijningen, J. V., Van Hove, P., VanKeuren, M., Vanosky, J., van Putten, M. H. P. M., van Ranst, Z., van Remortel, N., Vardaro, M., Vargas, A. F., Varghese, J. J., Varma, V., Vasúth, M., Vecchio, A., Vedovato, G., Veitch, J., Veitch, P. J., Venikoudis, S., Venneberg, J., Verdier, P., Verkindt, D., Verma, B., Verma, P., Verma, Y., Vermeulen, S. M., Vetrano, F., Veutro, A., Vibhute, A. M., Viceré, A., Vidyant, S., Viets, A. D., Vijaykumar, A., Vilkha, A., Villa-Ortega, V., Vincent, E. T., Vinet, J. -Y., Viret, S., Virtuoso, A., Vitale, S., Vives, A., Vocca, H., Voigt, D., von Reis, E. R. G., von Wrangel, J. S. A., Vyatchanin, S. P., Wade, L. E., Wade, M., Wagner, K. J., Wajid, A., Walker, M., Wallace, G. S., Wallace, L., Wang, H., Wang, J. Z., Wang, W. H., Wang, Z., Waratkar, G., Warner, J., Was, M., Washimi, T., Washington, N. Y., Watarai, D., Wayt, K. E., Weaver, B. R., Weaver, B., Weaving, C. R., Webster, S. A., Weinert, M., Weinstein, A. J., Weiss, R., Wellmann, F., Wen, L., Weßels, P., Wette, K., Whelan, J. T., Whiting, B. F., Whittle, C., Wildberger, J. B., Wilk, O. S., Wilken, D., Wilkin, A. T., Willadsen, D. J., Willetts, K., Williams, D., Williams, M. J., Williams, N. S., Willis, J. L., Willke, B., Wils, M., Winterflood, J., Wipf, C. C., Woan, G., Woehler, J., Wofford, J. K., Wolfe, N. E., Wong, H. T., Wong, H. W. Y., Wong, I. C. F., Wright, J. L., Wright, M., Wu, C., Wu, D. S., Wu, H., Wuchner, E., Wysocki, D. M., Xu, V. A., Xu, Y., Yadav, N., Yamamoto, H., Yamamoto, K., Yamamoto, T. S., Yamamoto, T., Yamamura, S., Yamazaki, R., Yan, S., Yan, T., Yang, F. W., Yang, F., Yang, K. Z., Yang, Y., Yarbrough, Z., Yasui, H., Yeh, S. -W., Yelikar, A. B., Yin, X., Yokoyama, J., Yokozawa, T., Yoo, J., Yu, H., Yuan, S., Yuzurihara, H., Zadrożny, A., Zanolin, M., Zeeshan, M., Zelenova, T., Zendri, J. -P., Zeoli, M., Zerrad, M., Zevin, M., Zhang, A. C., Zhang, L., Zhang, R., Zhang, T., Zhang, Y., Zhao, C., Zhao, Yue, Zhao, Yuhang, Zheng, Y., Zhong, H., Zhou, R., Zhu, X. -J., Zhu, Z. -H., Zucker, M. E., and Zweizig, J.
Subjects: Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract: The magnetar SGR 1935+2154 is the only known Galactic source of fast radio bursts (FRBs). FRBs from SGR 1935+2154 were first detected by CHIME/FRB and STARE2 in 2020 April, after the conclusion of the LIGO, Virgo, and KAGRA Collaborations' O3 observing run. Here we analyze four periods of gravitational wave (GW) data from the GEO600 detector coincident with four periods of FRB activity detected by CHIME/FRB, as well as X-ray glitches and X-ray bursts detected by NICER and NuSTAR close to the time of one of the FRBs. We do not detect any significant GW emission from any of the events. Instead, using a short-duration GW search (for bursts $\leq$ 1 s) we derive 50\% (90\%) upper limits of $10^{48}$ ($10^{49}$) erg for GWs at 300 Hz and $10^{49}$ ($10^{50}$) erg at 2 kHz, and constrain the GW-to-radio energy ratio to $\leq 10^{14} - 10^{16}$. We also derive upper limits from a long-duration search for bursts with durations between 1 and 10 s. These represent the strictest upper limits on concurrent GW emission from FRBs., Comment: 15 pages of text including references, 4 figures, 5 tables
Published: 2024

21. Observation of disorder-free localization and efficient disorder averaging on a quantum processor

Author: Gyawali, Gaurav, Cochran, Tyler, Lensky, Yuri, Rosenberg, Eliott, Karamlou, Amir H., Kechedzhi, Kostyantyn, Berndtsson, Julia, Westerhout, Tom, Asfaw, Abraham, Abanin, Dmitry, Acharya, Rajeev, Beni, Laleh Aghababaie, Andersen, Trond I., Ansmann, Markus, Arute, Frank, Arya, Kunal, Astrakhantsev, Nikita, Atalaya, Juan, Babbush, Ryan, Ballard, Brian, Bardin, Joseph C., Bengtsson, Andreas, Bilmes, Alexander, Bortoli, Gina, Bourassa, Alexandre, Bovaird, Jenna, Brill, Leon, Broughton, Michael, Browne, David A., Buchea, Brett, Buckley, Bob B., Buell, David A., Burger, Tim, Burkett, Brian, Bushnell, Nicholas, Cabrera, Anthony, Campero, Juan, Chang, Hung-Shen, Chen, Zijun, Chiaro, Ben, Claes, Jahan, Cleland, Agnetta Y., Cogan, Josh, Collins, Roberto, Conner, Paul, Courtney, William, Crook, Alexander L., Das, Sayan, Debroy, Dripto M., De Lorenzo, Laura, Barba, Alexander Del Toro, Demura, Sean, Di Paolo, Agustin, Donohoe, Paul, Drozdov, Ilya, Dunsworth, Andrew, Earle, Clint, Eickbusch, Alec, Elbag, Aviv Moshe, Elzouka, Mahmoud, Erickson, Catherine, Faoro, Lara, Fatemi, Reza, Ferreira, Vinicius S., Burgos, Leslie Flores, Forati, Ebrahim, Fowler, Austin G., Foxen, Brooks, Ganjam, Suhas, Gasca, Robert, Giang, William, Gidney, Craig, Gilboa, Dar, Gosula, Raja, Dau, Alejandro Grajales, Graumann, Dietrich, Greene, Alex, Gross, Jonathan A., Habegger, Steve, Hamilton, Michael C., Hansen, Monica, Harrigan, Matthew P., Harrington, Sean D., Heslin, Stephen, Heu, Paula, Hill, Gordon, Hilton, Jeremy, Hoffmann, Markus R., Huang, Hsin-Yuan, Huff, Ashley, Huggins, William J., Ioffe, Lev B., Isakov, Sergei V., Jeffrey, Evan, Jiang, Zhang, Jones, Cody, Jordan, Stephen, Joshi, Chaitali, Juhas, Pavol, Kafri, Dvir, Kang, Hui, Khaire, Trupti, Khattar, Tanuj, Khezri, Mostafa, Kieferová, Mária, Kim, Seon, Klimov, Paul V., Klots, Andrey R., Kobrin, Bryce, Korotkov, Alexander N., Kostritsa, Fedor, Kreikebaum, John Mark, Kurilovich, Vladislav D., Landhuis, David, Lange-Dei, Tiano, Langley, Brandon W., Laptev, Pavel, Lau, Kim-Ming, Guevel, Loïck Le, Ledford, Justin, Lee, Joonho, Lee, Kenny, Lester, Brian J., Li, Wing Yan, Lill, Alexander T., Liu, Wayne, Livingston, William P., Locharla, Aditya, Lundahl, Daniel, Lunt, Aaron, Madhuk, Sid, Maloney, Ashley, Mandrà, Salvatore, Martin, Leigh S., Martin, Steven, Martin, Orion, Maxfield, Cameron, McClean, Jarrod R., McEwen, Matt, Meeks, Seneca, Megrant, Anthony, Mi, Xiao, Miao, Kevin C., Mieszala, Amanda, Molina, Sebastian, Montazeri, Shirin, Morvan, Alexis, Movassagh, Ramis, Neill, Charles, Nersisyan, Ani, Newman, Michael, Nguyen, Anthony, Nguyen, Murray, Ni, Chia-Hung, Niu, Murphy Yuezhen, Oliver, William D., Ottosson, Kristoffer, Pizzuto, Alex, Potter, Rebecca, Pritchard, Orion, Pryadko, Leonid P., Quintana, Chris, Reagor, Matthew J., Rhodes, David M., Roberts, Gabrielle, Rocque, Charles, Rubin, Nicholas C., Saei, Negar, Sankaragomathi, Kannan, Satzinger, Kevin J., Schurkus, Henry F., Schuster, Christopher, Shearn, Michael J., Shorter, Aaron, Shutty, Noah, Shvarts, Vladimir, Sivak, Volodymyr, Skruzny, Jindra, Small, Spencer, Smith, W. Clarke, Springer, Sofia, Sterling, George, Suchard, Jordan, Szalay, Marco, Szasz, Aaron, Sztein, Alex, Thor, Douglas, Torunbalci, M. Mert, Vaishnav, Abeer, Vdovichev, Sergey, Vidal, Guifré, Heidweiller, Catherine Vollgraff, Waltman, Steven, Wang, Shannon X., White, Theodore, Wong, Kristi, Woo, Bryan W. K., Xing, Cheng, Yao, Z. Jamie, Yeh, Ping, Ying, Bicheng, Yoo, Juhwan, Yosri, Noureldin, Young, Grayson, Zalcman, Adam, Zhang, Yaxing, Zhu, Ningfeng, Zobrist, Nicholas, Boixo, Sergio, Kelly, Julian, Lucero, Erik, Chen, Yu, Smelyanskiy, Vadim, Neven, Hartmut, Kovrizhin, Dmitry, Knolle, Johannes, Halimeh, Jad C., Aleiner, Igor, Moessner, Roderich, and Roushan, Pedram
Subjects: Quantum Physics, Condensed Matter - Disordered Systems and Neural Networks, Condensed Matter - Strongly Correlated Electrons, High Energy Physics - Lattice
Abstract: One of the most challenging problems in the computational study of localization in quantum manybody systems is to capture the effects of rare events, which requires sampling over exponentially many disorder realizations. We implement an efficient procedure on a quantum processor, leveraging quantum parallelism, to efficiently sample over all disorder realizations. We observe localization without disorder in quantum many-body dynamics in one and two dimensions: perturbations do not diffuse even though both the generator of evolution and the initial states are fully translationally invariant. The disorder strength as well as its density can be readily tuned using the initial state. Furthermore, we demonstrate the versatility of our platform by measuring Renyi entropies. Our method could also be extended to higher moments of the physical observables and disorder learning.
Published: 2024

22. Discovery of interstellar 1-cyanopyrene: a four-ring polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon in TMC-1

Author: Wenzel, Gabi, Cooke, Ilsa R., Changala, P. Bryan, Bergin, Edwin A., Zhang, Shuo, Burkhardt, Andrew M., Byrne, Alex N., Charnley, Steven B., Cordiner, Martin A., Duffy, Miya, Fried, Zachary T. P., Gupta, Harshal, Holdren, Martin S., Lipnicky, Andrew, Loomis, Ryan A., Shay, Hannah Toru, Shingledecker, Christopher N., Siebert, Mark A., Stewart, D. Archie, Willis, Reace H. J., Xue, Ci, Remijan, Anthony J., Wendlandt, Alison E., McCarthy, Michael C., and McGuire, Brett A.
Subjects: Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies
Abstract: Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are expected to be the most abundant class of organic molecules in space. Their interstellar lifecycle is not well understood, and progress is hampered by difficulties detecting individual PAH molecules. Here, we present the discovery of CN-functionalized pyrene, a 4-ring PAH, in the dense cloud TMC-1 using the 100-m Green Bank Telescope. We derive an abundance of 1-cyanopyrene of ~1.52 x $10^{12}$ cm$^{-2}$, and from this estimate that the un-substituted pyrene accounts for up to ~0.03-0.3% of the carbon budget in the dense interstellar medium which trace the birth sites of stars and planets. The presence of pyrene in this cold (~10 K) molecular cloud agrees with its recent measurement in asteroid Ryugu where isotopic clumping suggest a cold, interstellar origin. The direct link to the birth site of our solar system is strengthened when we consider the solid state pyrene content in the pre-stellar materials compared to comets, which represent the most pristine material in the solar system. We estimate that solid state pyrene can account for 1% of the carbon within comets carried by this one single organic molecule. The abundance indicates pyrene is an "island of stability" in interstellar PAH chemistry and suggests a potential cold molecular cloud origin of the carbon carried by PAHs that is supplied to forming planetary systems, including habitable worlds such as our own., Comment: Version of manuscript revised to comply with licensing requirements
Published: 2024

23. Organizing the Academy: Unionization Efforts in Higher Education. EdWorkingPaper No. 24-966

Author: Annenberg Institute for School Reform at Brown University, Stephen Mirabello, Rylie C. Martin, and Christopher R. Marsicano
Abstract: Labor organization efforts grew following the pandemic in the United States at tech companies, automakers, and even higher education institutions. This brief examines unionization trends at private colleges and universities from 2007 to 2023, revealing staff as the main force behind unionization attempts, followed by contingent faculty. Major unions like the SEIU and the AFL-CIO play significant roles in representing college and university employees. This study underscores the importance of understanding historic unionization efforts, shedding light on often overlooked staff categories like maintenance and security.
Published: 2024

24. Kefir4All, a Citizen Science Initiative to Raise Awareness of the Roles that Microbes Play in Food Fermentation

Author: Liam H. Walsh, Samuel Breselge, José Guilherme Prado Martin, Mairéad Coakley, Eimear Ferguson, Aimee Stapleton, Fiona Crispie, Paul W. O'Toole, and Paul D. Cotter
Abstract: Microorganisms are ubiquitous in nature and are central to human, animal, environmental, and planetary health. They play a particularly important role in the food chain and the production of high-quality, safe, and health-promoting foods, especially fermented foods. This important role is not always apparent to members of the public. Here, we describe Kefir4All, a citizen science project designed to provide the general public with an opportunity to expand their awareness, knowledge, and practical skills relating to microbiology, introduced through the medium of producing fermented food, i.e., milk kefir or water kefir. During the course of Kefir4All, 123 citizen scientists, from second-level school and non-school settings, participated in a study to track changes in the microbial composition of kefirs, by performing and recording details of milk kefir or water kefir fermentations they performed in their homes or schools over the21-week project. At the start of the study, the citizen scientists were provided with milk or water kefir grains to initiate the fermentations. Both types of kefir grain are semi-solid, gelatinous-like substances, composed of exopolysaccharides and proteins, containing a symbiotic community of bacteria and yeast. The experimental component of the project was complemented by a number of education and outreach events, including career talks and a site visit to our research center (Kefir Day). At the end of the study, a report was provided to each citizen scientist, in which individualized results of their fermenting activities were detailed. A number of approaches were taken to obtain feedback and other insights from the citizen scientists. Evaluations took place before and after theKefir4All project to gauge the citizen scientist's self-reported awareness, knowledge, and interest in microbiology and fermented foods. Further insights into the level of citizen science participation were gained through assessing the number of samples returned for analysis and the level of participation of the citizen scientists throughout the project. Notably, the survey results revealed a self-reported, increased interest in, and general knowledge of, science among the Kefir4All citizen scientists after undertaking the project and a willingness to take part in further citizen science projects. Ultimately, Kefir4Allrepresents an example of the successful integration of citizen science into existing education and research systems.
Published: 2024

25. Complete translating solitons in Lorentzian products

Author: Ferrer, Leonor, Martín, Francisco, and Sánchez, Miguel
Subjects: Mathematics - Differential Geometry, Mathematics - Analysis of PDEs, 53E10, 53C50, 53C42, 53C21
Abstract: Obstructions to the existence of spacelike solitons depending on the growth of the mean curvature $H$ are proved for Lorentzian products $(M\times \mathbb{R}, \bar g=g_M-dt^2)$ with lowerly bounded curvature. The role of these bounds for both the completeness of the soliton $\Sigma$ and the applicability of the Omori-Yau principle for the drift Laplacian, is underlined. The differences between bounds in terms of the intrinsic distance $g$ of the soliton and the distance $g_M$ in the ambiance are analyzed, and lead to a revision of classic results on completeness for spacelike submanifolds. In particular, primary bounds, including affine $g$-bounds and logarithmic $g_M$-bounds, become enough to ensure both completeness and Omori-Yau's. Therefore, they become an obstruction to the existence of solitons when the ambiance Ricci is non-negative. These results, illustrated with a detailed example, deepen the uniqueness of solutions of elliptic equations which are not uniformly elliptic, providing insights into the interplay between mean curvature growth and the global properties of this geometric flow., Comment: 37 pages, 2 figures
Published: 2024

26. A Neyman-Orthogonalization Approach to the Incidental Parameter Problem

Author: Bonhomme, Stéphane, Jochmans, Koen, and Weidner, Martin
Subjects: Economics - Econometrics, Statistics - Methodology
Abstract: A popular approach to perform inference on a target parameter in the presence of nuisance parameters is to construct estimating equations that are orthogonal to the nuisance parameters, in the sense that their expected first derivative is zero. Such first-order orthogonalization may, however, not suffice when the nuisance parameters are very imprecisely estimated. Leading examples where this is the case are models for panel and network data that feature fixed effects. In this paper, we show how, in the conditional-likelihood setting, estimating equations can be constructed that are orthogonal to any chosen order. Combining these equations with sample splitting yields higher-order bias-corrected estimators of target parameters. In an empirical application we apply our method to a fixed-effect model of team production and obtain estimates of complementarity in production and impacts of counterfactual re-allocations.
Published: 2024

27. Almost classical skew bracoids

Author: Martin-Lyons, Isabel
Subjects: Mathematics - Rings and Algebras, Mathematics - Group Theory, 12F10, 16T05, 16T25, 20N99
Abstract: We investigate two sub-classes of skew bracoids, the first consists of those we term almost a brace, meaning the multiplicative group decomposes as a certain semi-direct product, and then those that are almost classical, which additionally specifies the relationship between the multiplicative group and the additive. Skew bracoids with these properties have applications in Hopf-Galois theory, in particular for questions concerning the Hopf-Galois correspondence, and can also yield solutions to the set-theoretic Yang-Baxter equation. We use this skew bracoid perspective to give a new construction building on the induced Hopf-Galois structures of Crespo, Rio and Vela, recover a result of Greither and Pareigis on the Hopf-Galois correspondence, and examine the solutions that arise from skew bracoids, in particular where more than one solution may be drawn from a single skew bracoid., Comment: 23 pages, 3 figures
Published: 2024

28. Variable Stiffness & Dynamic Force Sensor for Tissue Palpation

Author: Dawood, Abu Bakar, Zhang, Zhenyu, Angelmahr, Martin, Arezzo, Alberto, and Althoefer, Kaspar
Subjects: Physics - Medical Physics, Computer Science - Robotics
Abstract: Palpation of human tissue during Minimally Invasive Surgery is hampered due to restricted access. In this extended abstract, we present a variable stiffness and dynamic force range sensor that has the potential to address this challenge. The sensor utilises light reflection to estimate sensor deformation, and from this, the force applied. Experimental testing at different pressures (0, 0.5 and 1 PSI) shows that stiffness and force range increases with pressure. The force calibration results when compared with measured forces produced an average RMSE of 0.016, 0.0715 and 0.1284 N respectively, for these pressures.
Published: 2024

29. Nap-induced modulations of tinnitus -a cross-sectional database analysis

Author: Guillard, Robin, Schecklmann, Martin, Simoes, Jorge, Langguth, Berthold, Londero, Alain, Congedo, Marco, Michiels, Sarah, Vesala, Markku, Goedhart, Hazel, Wetter, Thomas, and Weber, Franziska C
Subjects: Quantitative Biology - Neurons and Cognition
Abstract: The influence of naps on tinnitus was systematically assessed by exploring the frequency, clinical and demographic characteristics of this phenomenon. 9,724 data from two different tinnitus databases (Tinnitus Hub: $n = 6115$; Tinnitus Research Initiative (TRI): $n = 3627$) were included. After separate analysis of the databases, these results were then compared with each other. In the Tinnitus Hub survey database, a total of 31.1% reported an influence on tinnitus by taking a nap (26.9% in the TRI database), with much more frequent worsening after a nap than improvement (23.0% a little or a lot worse; TRI: 17.7% worse; 8.1% a little or a lot better; TRI: 9.2% better). The influence of napping on tinnitus was associated in both databases with other clinical features, such as the dependence of tinnitus on night quality, stress and somatosensory maneuvers. The present study confirms the clinical observation that more tinnitus sufferers report worsening after a nap than tinnitus sufferers reporting an improvement. It was consistently shown that tinnitus sufferers reporting nap-induced modulation of tinnitus also report more frequently an influence of night sleep on their tinnitus. Further clinical and polysomnographic research is warranted to better understand the interaction between sleep and tinnitus.
Published: 2024
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30. Dual-Zone Hard-Core Model for RTS/CTS Handshake Analysis in WLANs

Author: Zhong, Yi, Chen, Zhuoling, Zhang, Wenyi, and Haenggi, Martin
Subjects: Computer Science - Networking and Internet Architecture, Computer Science - Information Theory
Abstract: This paper introduces a new stochastic geometry-based model to analyze the Request-to-Send/Clear-to-Send (RTS/CTS) handshake mechanism in wireless local area networks (WLANs). We develop an advanced hard-core point process model, termed the dual-zone hard-core process (DZHCP), which extends traditional hard-core models to capture the spatial interactions and exclusion effects introduced by the RTS/CTS mechanism. This model integrates key parameters accounting for the thinning effects imposed by RTS/CTS, enabling a refined characterization of active transmitters in the network. Analytical expressions are derived for the intensity of the DZHCP, the mean interference, and an approximation of the success probability, providing insight into how network performance depends on critical design parameters. Our results provide better estimates of interference levels and success probability, which could inform strategies for better interference management and improved performance in future WLAN designs., Comment: submitted to IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications
Published: 2024

31. Pixel Intensity Tracking for Remote Respiratory Monitoring: A Study on Indonesian Subject

Author: Mujahidan, Muhammad Yahya Ayyashy and Manullang, Martin Clinton Tosima
Subjects: Computer Science - Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition
Abstract: Respiratory rate is a vital sign indicating various health conditions. Traditional contact-based measurement methods are often uncomfortable, and alternatives like respiratory belts and smartwatches have limitations in cost and operability. Therefore, a non-contact method based on Pixel Intensity Changes (PIC) with RGB camera images is proposed. Experiments involved 3 sizes of bounding boxes, 3 filter options (Laplacian, Sobel, and no filter), and 2 corner detection algorithms (ShiTomasi and Harris), with tracking using the Lukas-Kanade algorithm. Eighteen configurations were tested on 67 subjects in static and dynamic conditions. The best results in static conditions were achieved with the Medium Bounding box, Sobel Filter, and Harris Method (MAE: 0.85, RMSE: 1.49). In dynamic conditions, the Large Bounding box with no filter and ShiTomasi, and Medium Bounding box with no filter and Harris, produced the lowest MAE (0.81) and RMSE (1.35)
Published: 2024

32. LAVA: Lifetime-Aware VM Allocation with Learned Distributions and Adaptation to Mispredictions

Author: Ling, Jianheng, Worah, Pratik, Wang, Yawen, Kong, Yunchuan, Wang, Chunlei, Stein, Clifford, Gupta, Diwakar, Behmer, Jason, Bush, Logan A., Ramanan, Prakash, Kumar, Rajesh, Chestna, Thomas, Liu, Yajing, Liu, Ying, Zhao, Ye, McKinley, Kathryn S., Park, Meeyoung, and Maas, Martin
Subjects: Computer Science - Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing
Abstract: Scheduling virtual machines (VMs) to hosts in cloud data centers dictates efficiency and is an NP-hard problem with incomplete information. Prior work improved VM scheduling with predicted VM lifetimes. Our work further improves lifetime-aware scheduling using repredictions with lifetime distributions vs. one-shot prediction. The approach repredicts and adjusts VM and host lifetimes when incorrect predictions emerge. We also present novel approaches for defragmentation and regular system maintenance, which are essential to our data center reliability and optimizations, and are unexplored in prior work. We show that repredictions deliver a fundamental advance in effectiveness over one-shot prediction. We call our novel combination of distribution-based lifetime predictions and scheduling algorithms Lifetime Aware VM Allocation (LAVA). LAVA improves resource stranding and the number of empty hosts, which are critical for large VM scheduling, cloud system updates, and reducing dynamic energy consumption. Our approach runs in production within Google's hyperscale cloud data centers, where it improves efficiency by decreasing stranded compute and memory resources by ~3% and ~2% respectively, and increases availability for large VMs and cloud system updates by increasing empty hosts by 2.3-9.2 pp in production. We also show a reduction in VM migrations for host defragmentation and maintenance. In addition to our fleet-wide production deployment, we perform simulation studies to characterize the design space and show that our algorithm significantly outperforms the state of the art lifetime-based scheduling approach.
Published: 2024

33. Gate-tunable spin Hall effect in trilayer graphene/group-IV monochalcogenide van der Waals heterostructures

Author: Yang, Haozhe, Chi, Zhendong, Avedissian, Garen, Dolan, Eoin, Karuppasamy, Muthumalai, Martín-García, Beatriz, Gobbi, Marco, Sofer, Zdenek, Hueso, Luis E., and Casanova, Fèlix
Subjects: Condensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics
Abstract: Spintronic devices require materials that facilitate effective spin transport, generation, and detection. In this regard, graphene emerges as an ideal candidate for long-distance spin transport owing to its minimal spin-orbit coupling, which, however, limits its capacity for effective spin manipulation. This problem can be overcome by putting spin-orbit coupling materials in close contact to graphene leading to spin-orbit proximity and, consequently, efficient spin-to-charge conversion through mechanisms such as the spin Hall effect. Here, we report and quantify the gate-dependent spin Hall effect in trilayer graphene proximitized with tin sulfide (SnS), a group-IV monochalcogenide which has recently been predicted to be a viable alternative to transition-metal dichalcogenides for inducing strong spin-orbit coupling in graphene. The spin Hall angle exhibits a maximum around the charge neutrality point of graphene up to room temperature. Our findings expand the library of materials that induce spin-orbit coupling in graphene to a new class, group-IV monochalcogenides, thereby highlighting the potential of two-dimensional materials to pave the way for the development of innovative spin-based devices and future technological applications., Comment: 26 pages, 11 figures. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:2305.01787, arXiv:2312.10227
Published: 2024
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34. Bad Crypto: Chessography and Weak Randomness of Chess Games

Author: Stanek, Martin
Subjects: Computer Science - Cryptography and Security
Abstract: This short communication shows that the Chessography encryption scheme is incorrect, redundant, and the the security claims based on the complexity of chess games are unjustified. It also demonstrates an insufficient randomness in the final chess game positions, which could be of separate interest., Comment: 6 pages
Published: 2024

35. Milky Way dark matter distribution or MOND test from vertical stellar kinematics with Gaia DR3

Author: Lopez-Corredoira, Martin
Subjects: Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies
Abstract: Vertical stellar kinematics+density can be used to trace the dark matter distribution [or the equivalent phantom mass in a Modified Newtonian Dynamics (MOND) scenario] through Jeans equations. In this paper, we want to improve this type of analysis by making use of the recent data of the 6D information from the Gaia-DR3 survey in the anticenter and the Galactic poles to obtain the dynamical mass distribution near plane regions, including extended kinematics over a wide region of 8 kpc$R_\odot$, $z=1.05$ kpc: $\Sigma=28.7\pm 9.6$, $23.0\pm 5.7$, $16.9\pm 5.8$, $11.4\pm 6.6$ M$_\odot$ pc$^{-2}$, respectively, for $R=10,13,16,19$ kpc, compatible with visible matter alone. Larger error bars in comparison with previous works are not due to worse data or a more awkward technique but to a stricter modeling of the stellar distribution., Comment: 21 pages, 15 figures, accepted to be published in ApJ
Published: 2024

36. Experimental implementation of dimension-dependent contextuality inequality

Author: Håkansson, Emil, Piveteau, Amelie, Seguinard, Alban, Sadiq, Muhammad, Bourennane, Mohamed, Gühne, Otfried, and Plávala, Martin
Subjects: Quantum Physics
Abstract: We present a derivation and experimental implementation of a dimension-dependent contextuality inequality to certify both the quantumness and dimensionality of a given system. Existing methods for certification of the dimension of quantum system can be cheated by using larger classical systems, creating a potential loophole in these benchmarks. Our approach uses contextuality inequalities that cannot be violated by classical systems thus closing the previous loophole. We validate this framework experimentally with photons, observing violations of a CHSH-based contextuality inequality and surpassing the qutrit bound of the CGLMP4-based contextuality inequality. These show that contextuality can be used for noise-robust tests of the number of qubits.
Published: 2024

37. Inference under Staggered Adoption: Case Study of the Affordable Care Act

Author: Xia, Eric, Yan, Yuling, and Wainwright, Martin J.
Subjects: Statistics - Methodology
Abstract: Panel data consists of a collection of $N$ units that are observed over $T$ units of time. A policy or treatment is subject to staggered adoption if different units take on treatment at different times and remains treated (or never at all). Assessing the effectiveness of such a policy requires estimating the treatment effect, corresponding to the difference between outcomes for treated versus untreated units. We develop inference procedures that build upon a computationally efficient matrix estimator for treatment effects in panel data. Our routines return confidence intervals (CIs) both for individual treatment effects, as well as for more general bilinear functionals of treatment effects, with prescribed coverage guarantees. We apply these inferential methods to analyze the effectiveness of Medicaid expansion portion of the Affordable Care Act. Based on our analysis, Medicaid expansion has led to substantial reductions in uninsurance rates, has reduced infant mortality rates, and has had no significant effects on healthcare expenditures.
Published: 2024

38. Search for $D^0$ meson decays to $\pi^+ \pi^- e^+ e^-$ and $K^+ K^- e^+ e^-$ final states

Author: LHCb collaboration, Aaij, R., Abdelmotteleb, A. S. W., Beteta, C. Abellan, Abudinén, F., Ackernley, T., Adefisoye, A. A., Adeva, B., Adinolfi, M., Adlarson, P., Agapopoulou, C., Aidala, C. A., Ajaltouni, Z., Akar, S., Akiba, K., Albicocco, P., Albrecht, J., Alessio, F., Alexander, M., Aliouche, Z., Cartelle, P. Alvarez, Amalric, R., Amato, S., Amey, J. L., Amhis, Y., An, L., Anderlini, L., Andersson, M., Andreianov, A., Andreola, P., Andreotti, M., Andreou, D., Anelli, A., Ao, D., Archilli, F., Argenton, M., Cuendis, S. Arguedas, Artamonov, A., Artuso, M., Aslanides, E., Da Silva, R. Ataíde, Atzeni, M., Audurier, B., Bacher, D., Perea, I. Bachiller, Bachmann, S., Bachmayer, M., Back, J. J., Rodriguez, P. Baladron, Balagura, V., Balboni, A., Baldini, W., Balzani, L., Bao, H., Leite, J. Baptista de Souza, Pretel, C. Barbero, Barbetti, M., Barbosa, I. R., Barlow, R. J., Barnyakov, M., Barsuk, S., Barter, W., Bartz, J., Basels, J. M., Bashir, S., Bassi, G., Batsukh, B., Battista, P. B., Bay, A., Beck, A., Becker, M., Bedeschi, F., Bediaga, I. B., Behling, N. A., Belin, S., Belous, K., Belov, I., Belyaev, I., Benane, G., Bencivenni, G., Ben-Haim, E., Berezhnoy, A., Bernet, R., Andres, S. Bernet, Bertolin, A., Betancourt, C., Betti, F., Bex, J., Bezshyiko, Ia., Bhom, J., Bieker, M. S., Biesuz, N. V., Billoir, P., Biolchini, A., Birch, M., Bishop, F. C. R., Bitadze, A., Bizzeti, A., Blake, T., Blanc, F., Blank, J. E., Blusk, S., Bocharnikov, V., Boelhauve, J. A., Garcia, O. Boente, Boettcher, T., Bohare, A., Boldyrev, A., Bolognani, C. S., Bolzonella, R., Bonacci, R. B., Bondar, N., Bordelius, A., Borgato, F., Borghi, S., Borsato, M., Borsuk, J. T., Bottalico, E., Bouchiba, S. A., Bovill, M., Bowcock, T. J. V., Boyer, A., Bozzi, C., Brandenburg, J. D., Rodriguez, A. Brea, Breer, N., Brodzicka, J., Gonzalo, A. Brossa, Brown, J., Brundu, D., Buchanan, E., Buonincontri, L., Marcos, M. Burgos, Burke, A. T., Burr, C., Butter, J. S., Buytaert, J., Byczynski, W., Cadeddu, S., Cai, H., Caillet, A. C., Calabrese, R., Ramirez, S. Calderon, Calefice, L., Cali, S., Calvi, M., Gomez, M. Calvo, Magalhaes, P. Camargo, Bouzas, J. I. Cambon, Campana, P., Perez, D. H. Campora, Quezada, A. F. Campoverde, Capelli, S., Capriotti, L., Caravaca-Mora, R., Carbone, A., Salgado, L. Carcedo, Cardinale, R., Cardini, A., Carniti, P., Carus, L., Vidal, A. Casais, Caspary, R., Casse, G., Cattaneo, M., Cavallero, G., Cavallini, V., Celani, S., Cesare, S., Chadwick, A. J., Chahrour, I., Charles, M., Charpentier, Ph., Chatzianagnostou, E., Chefdeville, M., Chen, C., Chen, S., Chen, Z., Chernov, A., Chernyshenko, S., Chiotopoulos, X., Chobanova, V., Chrzaszcz, M., Chubykin, A., Chulikov, V., Ciambrone, P., Vidal, X. Cid, Ciezarek, G., Cifra, P., Clarke, P. E. L., Clemencic, M., Cliff, H. V., Closier, J., Toapaxi, C. Cocha, Coco, V., Cogan, J., Cogneras, E., Cojocariu, L., Collaviti, S., Collins, P., Colombo, T., Colonna, M., Comerma-Montells, A., Congedo, L., Contu, A., Cooke, N., Corredoira, I., Correia, A., Corti, G., Meldrum, J. J. Cottee, Couturier, B., Craik, D. C., Torres, M. Cruz, Rivera, E. Curras, Currie, R., Da Silva, C. L., Dadabaev, S., Dai, L., Dai, X., Dall'Occo, E., Dalseno, J., D'Ambrosio, C., Daniel, J., Danilina, A., d'Argent, P., Darze, G., Davidson, A., Davies, J. E., Francisco, O. De Aguiar, De Angelis, C., De Benedetti, F., de Boer, J., De Bruyn, K., De Capua, S., De Cian, M., Da Graca, U. De Freitas Carneiro, De Lucia, E., De Miranda, J. M., De Paula, L., De Serio, M., De Simone, P., De Vellis, F., de Vries, J. A., Debernardis, F., Decamp, D., Dedu, V., Dekkers, S., Del Buono, L., Delaney, B., Dembinski, H. -P., Deng, J., Denysenko, V., Deschamps, O., Dettori, F., Dey, B., Di Nezza, P., Diachkov, I., Didenko, S., Ding, S., Dittmann, L., Dobishuk, V., Docheva, A. D., Dong, C., Donohoe, A. M., Dordei, F., Reis, A. C. dos, Dowling, A. D., Duan, W., Duda, P., Dudek, M. W., Dufour, L., Duk, V., Durante, P., Duras, M. M., Durham, J. M., Durmus, O. D., Dziurda, A., Dzyuba, A., Easo, S., Eckstein, E., Egede, U., Egorychev, A., Egorychev, V., Eisenhardt, S., Ejopu, E., Eklund, L., Elashri, M., Ellbracht, J., Ely, S., Ene, A., Eschle, J., Esen, S., Evans, T., Fabiano, F., Falcao, L. N., Fan, Y., Fang, B., Fantini, L., Faria, M., Farmer, K., Fazzini, D., Felkowski, L., Feng, M., Feo, M., Casani, A. Fernandez, Gomez, M. Fernandez, Fernez, A. D., Ferrari, F., Rodrigues, F. Ferreira, Ferrillo, M., Ferro-Luzzi, M., Filippov, S., Fini, R. A., Fiorini, M., Firlej, M., Fischer, K. L., Fitzgerald, D. S., Fitzpatrick, C., Fiutowski, T., Fleuret, F., Fontana, M., Foreman, L. F., Forty, R., Foulds-Holt, D., Lima, V. Franco, Sevilla, M. Franco, Frank, M., Franzoso, E., Frau, G., Frei, C., Friday, D. A., Fu, J., Führing, Q., Fujii, Y., Fulghesu, T., Gabriel, E., Galati, G., Galati, M. D., Torreira, A. Gallas, Galli, D., Gambetta, S., Gandelman, M., Gandini, P., Ganie, B., Gao, H., Gao, R., Gao, T. Q., Gao, Y., Martin, L. M. Garcia, Moreno, P. Garcia, Pardiñas, J. García, Gardner, P., Garg, K. G., Garrido, L., Gaspar, C., Gerken, L. L., Gersabeck, E., Gersabeck, M., Gershon, T., Ghizzo, S., Ghorbanimoghaddam, Z., Giambastiani, L., Giasemis, F. I., Gibson, V., Giemza, H. K., Gilman, A. L., Giovannetti, M., Gioventù, A., Girardey, L., Giugliano, C., Giza, M. A., Gkougkousis, E. L., Glaser, F. C., Gligorov, V. V., Göbel, C., Golobardes, E., Golubkov, D., Golutvin, A., Fernandez, S. Gomez, Gomulka, W., Abrantes, F. Goncalves, Goncerz, M., Gong, G., Gooding, J. A., Gorelov, I. V., Gotti, C., Govorkova, E., Grabowski, J. P., Cardoso, L. A. Granado, Graugés, E., Graverini, E., Grazette, L., Graziani, G., Grecu, A. T., Greeven, L. M., Grieser, N. A., Grillo, L., Gromov, S., Gu, C., Guarise, M., Guerry, L., Guliaeva, V., Günther, P. A., Guseinov, A. -K., Gushchin, E., Guz, Y., Gys, T., Habermann, K., Hadavizadeh, T., Hadjivasiliou, C., Haefeli, G., Haen, C., Hallett, G., Halvorsen, M. M., Hamilton, P. M., Hammerich, J., Han, Q., Han, X., Hansmann-Menzemer, S., Hao, L., Harnew, N., Harris, T. H., Hartmann, M., Hashmi, S., He, J., Hemmer, F., Henderson, C., Henderson, R. D. L., Hennequin, A. M., Hennessy, K., Henry, L., Herd, J., Gascon, P. Herrero, Heuel, J., Hicheur, A., Mendizabal, G. Hijano, Horswill, J., Hou, R., Hou, Y., Howarth, N., Hu, J., Hu, W., Hu, X., Huang, W., Hulsbergen, W., Hunter, R. J., Hushchyn, M., Hutchcroft, D., Idzik, M., Ilin, D., Ilten, P., Inglessi, A., Iniukhin, A., Ishteev, A., Ivshin, K., Jacobsson, R., Jage, H., Elles, S. J. Jaimes, Jakobsen, S., Jans, E., Jashal, B. K., Jawahery, A., Jevtic, V., Jiang, E., Jiang, X., Jiang, Y., Jiang, Y. J., John, M., Rajan, A. John Rubesh, Johnson, D., Jones, C. R., Jones, T. P., Joshi, S., Jost, B., Castella, J. Juan, Jurik, N., Juszczak, I., Kaminaris, D., Kandybei, S., Kane, M., Kang, Y., Kar, C., Karacson, M., Karpenkov, D., Kauniskangas, A., Kautz, J. W., Kazanecki, M. K., Keizer, F., Kenzie, M., Ketel, T., Khanji, B., Kharisova, A., Kholodenko, S., Khreich, G., Kirn, T., Kirsebom, V. S., Kitouni, O., Klaver, S., Kleijne, N., Klimaszewski, K., Kmiec, M. R., Koliiev, S., Kolk, L., Konoplyannikov, A., Kopciewicz, P., Koppenburg, P., Korolev, M., Kostiuk, I., Kot, O., Kotriakhova, S., Kozachuk, A., Kravchenko, P., Kravchuk, L., Kreps, M., Krokovny, P., Krupa, W., Krzemien, W., Kshyvanskyi, O., Kubis, S., Kucharczyk, M., Kudryavtsev, V., Kulikova, E., Kupsc, A., Kutsenko, B. K., Lacarrere, D., Gonzalez, P. Laguarta, Lai, A., Lampis, A., Lancierini, D., Gomez, C. Landesa, Lane, J. J., Lane, R., Lanfranchi, G., Langenbruch, C., Langer, J., Lantwin, O., Latham, T., Lazzari, F., Lazzeroni, C., Gac, R. Le, Lee, H., Lefèvre, R., Leflat, A., Legotin, S., Lehuraux, M., Cid, E. Lemos, Leroy, O., Lesiak, T., Lesser, E. D., Leverington, B., Li, A., Li, C., Li, H., Li, K., Li, L., Li, M., Li, P., Li, P. -R., Li, Q., Li, S., Li, T., Li, Y., Lian, Z., Liang, X., Libralon, S., Lin, C., Lin, T., Lindner, R., Linton, H., Lisovskyi, V., Litvinov, R., Liu, F. L., Liu, G., Liu, K., Liu, S., Liu, W., Liu, Y., Liu, Y. L., Ordonez, G. Loachamin, Salvia, A. Lobo, Loi, A., Long, T., Lopes, J. H., Huertas, A. Lopez, Soliño, S. López, Lu, Q., Lucarelli, C., Lucchesi, D., Martinez, M. Lucio, Lukashenko, V., Luo, Y., Lupato, A., Luppi, E., Lynch, K., Lyu, X. -R., Ma, G. M., Maccolini, S., Machefert, F., Maciuc, F., Mack, B., Mackay, I., Mackey, L. M., Mohan, L. R. Madhan, Madurai, M. J., Maevskiy, A., Magdalinski, D., Maisuzenko, D., Malczewski, J. J., Malde, S., Malentacca, L., Malinin, A., Maltsev, T., Manca, G., Mancinelli, G., Mancuso, C., Escalero, R. Manera, Manganella, F. M., Manuzzi, D., Marangotto, D., Marchand, J. F., Marchevski, R., Marconi, U., Mariani, E., Mariani, S., Benito, C. Marin, Marks, J., Marshall, A. M., Martel, L., Martelli, G., Martellotti, G., Martinazzoli, L., Martinelli, M., Gomez, D. Martinez, Santos, D. Martinez, Vidal, F. Martinez, Granollers, A. Martorell i, Massafferri, A., Matev, R., Mathad, A., Matiunin, V., Matteuzzi, C., Mattioli, K. R., Mauri, A., Maurice, E., Mauricio, J., Mayencourt, P., de Cos, J. Mazorra, Mazurek, M., McCann, M., McGrath, T. H., McHugh, N. T., McNab, A., McNulty, R., Meadows, B., Meier, G., Melnychuk, D., Meng, F. M., Merk, M., Merli, A., Garcia, L. Meyer, Miao, D., Miao, H., Mikhasenko, M., Milanes, D. A., Minotti, A., Minucci, E., Miralles, T., Mitreska, B., Mitzel, D. S., Modak, A., Moeser, L., Mohammed, R. A., Moise, R. D., Mokhnenko, S., Cardenas, E. F. Molina, Mombächer, T., Monk, M., Monteil, S., Gomez, A. Morcillo, Morello, G., Morello, M. J., Morgenthaler, M. P., Moron, J., Morren, W., Morris, A. B., Morris, A. G., Mountain, R., Mu, H., Mu, Z. M., Muhammad, E., Muheim, F., Mulder, M., Müller, K., Muñoz-Rojas, F., Murta, R., Naik, P., Nakada, T., Nandakumar, R., Nanut, T., Nasteva, I., Needham, M., Neri, N., Neubert, S., Neufeld, N., Neustroev, P., Nicolini, J., Nicotra, D., Niel, E. M., Nikitin, N., Niu, Q., Nogarolli, P., Nogga, P., Normand, C., Fernandez, J. Novoa, Nowak, G., Nunez, C., Nur, H. N., Oblakowska-Mucha, A., Obraztsov, V., Oeser, T., Okamura, S., Okhotnikov, A., Okhrimenko, O., Oldeman, R., Oliva, F., Olocco, M., Onderwater, C. J. G., O'Neil, R. H., Osthues, D., Goicochea, J. M. Otalora, Owen, P., Oyanguren, A., Ozcelik, O., Paciolla, F., Padee, A., Padeken, K. O., Pagare, B., Pais, P. R., Pajero, T., Palano, A., Palutan, M., Pan, X., Panshin, G., Paolucci, L., Papanestis, A., Pappagallo, M., Pappalardo, L. L., Pappenheimer, C., Parkes, C., Parmar, D., Passalacqua, B., Passaleva, G., Passaro, D., Pastore, A., Patel, M., Patoc, J., Patrignani, C., Paul, A., Pawley, C. J., Pellegrino, A., Peng, J., Altarelli, M. Pepe, Perazzini, S., Pereima, D., Da Costa, H. Pereira, Castro, A. Pereiro, Perret, P., Perrevoort, A., Perro, A., Peters, M. J., Petridis, K., Petrolini, A., Pfaller, J. P., Pham, H., Pica, L., Piccini, M., Piccolo, L., Pietrzyk, B., Pietrzyk, G., Pilato, R. N., Pinci, D., Pisani, F., Pizzichemi, M., Placinta, V., Casasus, M. Plo, Poeschl, T., Polci, F., Lener, M. Poli, Poluektov, A., Polukhina, N., Polyakov, I., Polycarpo, E., Ponce, S., Popov, D., Poslavskii, S., Prasanth, K., Prouve, C., Provenzano, D., Pugatch, V., Punzi, G., Qasim, S., Qian, Q. Q., Qian, W., Qin, N., Qu, S., Quagliani, R., Trejo, R. I. Rabadan, Rademacker, J. H., Rama, M., García, M. Ramírez, De Oliveira, V. Ramos, Pernas, M. Ramos, Rangel, M. S., Ratnikov, F., Raven, G., De Miguel, M. Rebollo, Redi, F., Reich, J., Reiss, F., Ren, Z., Resmi, P. K., Ribatti, R., Ricart, G. R., Riccardi, D., Ricciardi, S., Richardson, K., Richardson-Slipper, M., Rinnert, K., Robbe, P., Robertson, G., Rodrigues, E., Alvarez, A. Rodriguez, Fernandez, E. Rodriguez, Lopez, J. A. Rodriguez, Rodriguez, E. Rodriguez, Roensch, J., Rogachev, A., Rogovskiy, A., Rolf, D. L., Roloff, P., Romanovskiy, V., Vidal, A. Romero, Romolini, G., Ronchetti, F., Rong, T., Rotondo, M., Roy, S. R., Rudolph, M. S., Diaz, M. Ruiz, Fernandez, R. A. Ruiz, Vidal, J. Ruiz, Ryzhikov, A., Ryzka, J., Saavedra-Arias, J. J., Silva, J. J. Saborido, Sadek, R., Sagidova, N., Sahoo, D., Sahoo, N., Saitta, B., Salomoni, M., Sanderswood, I., Santacesaria, R., Rios, C. Santamarina, Santimaria, M., Santoro, L., Santovetti, E., Saputi, A., Saranin, D., Sarnatskiy, A., Sarpis, G., Sarpis, M., Satriano, C., Satta, A., Saur, M., Savrina, D., Sazak, H., Sborzacchi, F., Smead, L. G. Scantlebury, Scarabotto, A., Schael, S., Scherl, S., Schiller, M., Schindler, H., Schmelling, M., Schmidt, B., Schmitt, S., Schmitz, H., Schneider, O., Schopper, A., Schulte, N., Schulte, S., Schune, M. H., Schwemmer, R., Schwering, G., Sciascia, B., Sciuccati, A., Segal, I., Sellam, S., Semennikov, A., Senger, T., Soares, M. Senghi, Sergi, A., Serra, N., Sestini, L., Seuthe, A., Shang, Y., Shangase, D. M., Shapkin, M., Sharma, R. S., Shchemerov, I., Shchutska, L., Shears, T., Shekhtman, L., Shen, Z., Sheng, S., Shevchenko, V., Shi, B., Shi, Q., Shimizu, Y., Shmanin, E., Shorkin, R., Shupperd, J. D., Coutinho, R. Silva, Simi, G., Simone, S., Skidmore, N., Skwarnicki, T., Slater, M. W., Smallwood, J. C., Smith, E., Smith, K., Smith, M., Snoch, A., Lavra, L. Soares, Sokoloff, M. D., Soler, F. J. P., Solomin, A., Solovev, A., Solovyev, I., Sommerfeld, N. S., Song, R., Song, Y., Song, Y. S., De Almeida, F. L. Souza, De Paula, B. Souza, Norella, E. Spadaro, Spedicato, E., Speer, J. G., Spiridenkov, E., Spradlin, P., Sriskaran, V., Stagni, F., Stahl, M., Stahl, S., Stanislaus, S., Stefaniak, M., Stein, E. N., Steinkamp, O., Stenyakin, O., Stevens, H., Strekalina, D., Su, Y., Suljik, F., Sun, J., Sun, L., Sundfeld, D., Sutcliffe, W., Swallow, P. N., Swientek, K., Swystun, F., Szabelski, A., Szumlak, T., Tan, Y., Tang, Y., Tat, M. D., Terentev, A., Terzuoli, F., Teubert, F., Thomas, E., Thompson, D. J. D., Tilquin, H., Tisserand, V., T'Jampens, S., Tobin, M., Tomassetti, L., Tonani, G., Tong, X., Tork, T., Machado, D. Torres, Toscano, L., Tou, D. Y., Trippl, C., Tuci, G., Tuning, N., Uecker, L. H., Ukleja, A., Unverzagt, D. J., Urbach, B., Usachov, A., Ustyuzhanin, A., Uwer, U., Vagnoni, V., Cadenas, V. Valcarce, Valenti, G., Canudas, N. Valls, van Eldik, J., Van Hecke, H., van Herwijnen, E., Van Hulse, C. B., Van Laak, R., van Veghel, M., Vasquez, G., Gomez, R. Vazquez, Regueiro, P. Vazquez, Sierra, C. Vázquez, Vecchi, S., Velthuis, J. J., Veltri, M., Venkateswaran, A., Verdoglia, M., Vesterinen, M., Benet, D. Vico, Villalba, P. Vidrier, Diaz, M. Vieites, Vilasis-Cardona, X., Figueras, E. Vilella, Villa, A., Vincent, P., Volle, F. C., Bruch, D. vom, Voropaev, N., Vos, K., Vrahas, C., Wagner, J., Walsh, J., Walton, E. J., Wan, G., Wang, C., Wang, G., Wang, H., Wang, J., Wang, M., Wang, N. W., Wang, R., Wang, X., Wang, X. W., Wang, Y., Wang, Y. W., Wang, Z., Ward, J. A., Waterlaat, M., Watson, N. K., Websdale, D., Wei, Y., Wendel, J., Westhenry, B. D. C., White, C., Whitehead, M., Whiter, E., Wiederhold, A. R., Wiedner, D., Wilkinson, G., Wilkinson, M. K., Williams, M., Williams, M. J., Williams, M. R. J., Williams, R., Williams, Z., Wilson, F. F., Winn, M., Wislicki, W., Witek, M., Witola, L., Wormser, G., Wotton, S. A., Wu, H., Wu, J., Wu, X., Wu, Y., Wu, Z., Wyllie, K., Xian, S., Xiang, Z., Xie, Y., Xing, T. X., Xu, A., Xu, L., Xu, M., Xu, Z., Yang, K., Yang, S., Yang, X., Yang, Y., Yang, Z., Yeroshenko, V., Yeung, H., Yin, H., Yin, X., Yu, C. Y., Yu, J., Yuan, X., Yuan, Y, Zaffaroni, E., Zavertyaev, M., Zdybal, M., Zenesini, F., Zeng, C., Zeng, M., Zhang, C., Zhang, D., Zhang, J., Zhang, L., Zhang, S., Zhang, Y., Zhang, Y. Z., Zhang, Z., Zhao, Y., Zhelezov, A., Zheng, S. Z., Zheng, X. Z., Zheng, Y., Zhou, T., Zhou, X., Zhou, Y., Zhovkovska, V., Zhu, L. Z., Zhu, X., Zhukov, V., Zhuo, J., Zou, Q., Zuliani, D., and Zunica, G.
Subjects: High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract: A search for $D^0$ meson decays to the $\pi^+\pi^-e^+e^-$ and $K^+K^-e^+e^-$ final states is reported using a sample of proton-proton collisions collected by the LHCb experiment at a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 6 fb$^{-1}$. The decay $D^0 \rightarrow \pi^+\pi^-e^+e^-$ is observed for the first time when requiring that the two electrons are consistent with coming from the decay of a $\phi$ or $\rho^0/\omega$ meson. The corresponding branching fractions are measured relative to the $D^0 \rightarrow K^-\pi^-[e^+e^-]_{\rho^0/\omega}$ decay, where the two electrons are consistent with coming from the decay of a $\rho^0$ or $\omega$ meson. No evidence is found for the $D^0 \rightarrow K^+K^-e^+e^-$ decay and world-best limits are set on its branching fraction. The results are compared to, and found to be consistent with, the branching fractions of the $D^0 \rightarrow \pi^+\pi^-\mu^+\mu^-$ and $D^0 \rightarrow K^+K^-\mu^+\mu^-$ decays recently measured by LHCb and confirm lepton universality at the current precision., Comment: All figures and tables, along with machine-readable versions and any supplementary material and additional information, are available at https://lbfence.cern.ch/alcm/public/analysis/full-details/1611/ (LHCb public pages)
Published: 2024

39. The Software Documentor Mindset

Author: Arya, Deeksha M., Guo, Jin L. C., and Robillard, Martin P.
Subjects: Computer Science - Software Engineering
Abstract: Software technologies are used by programmers with diverse backgrounds. To fulfill programmers' need for information, enthusiasts contribute numerous learning resources that vary in style and content, which act as documentation for the corresponding technology. We interviewed 26 volunteer documentation contributors, i.e. documentors, to understand why and how they create such documentation. From a qualitative analysis of our interviews, we identified a total of sixteen considerations that documentors have during the documentation contribution process, along three dimensions, namely motivations, topic selection techniques, and styling objectives. We grouped related considerations based on common underlying themes, to elicit five software documentor mindsets that occur during documentation contribution activities. We propose a structure of mindsets, and their associated considerations across the three dimensions, as a framework for reasoning about the documentation contribution process. This framework can inform information seeking as well as documentation creation tools about the context in which documentation was contributed.
Published: 2024

40. Prediction Aided by Surrogate Training

Author: Xia, Eric and Wainwright, Martin J.
Subjects: Mathematics - Statistics Theory
Abstract: We study a class of prediction problems in which relatively few observations have associated responses, but all observations include both standard covariates as well as additional "helper" covariates. While the end goal is to make high-quality predictions using only the standard covariates, helper covariates can be exploited during training to improve prediction. Helper covariates arise in many applications, including forecasting in time series; incorporation of biased or mis-calibrated predictions from foundation models; and sharing information in transfer learning. We propose "prediction aided by surrogate training" ($\texttt{PAST}$), a class of methods that exploit labeled data to construct a response estimator based on both the standard and helper covariates; and then use the full dataset with pseudo-responses to train a predictor based only on standard covariates. We establish guarantees on the prediction error of this procedure, with the response estimator allowed to be constructed in an arbitrary way, and the final predictor fit by empirical risk minimization over an arbitrary function class. These upper bounds involve the risk associated with the oracle data set (all responses available), plus an overhead that measures the accuracy of the pseudo-responses. This theory characterizes both regimes in which $\texttt{PAST}$ accuracy is comparable to the oracle accuracy, as well as more challenging regimes where it behaves poorly. We demonstrate its empirical performance across a range of applications, including forecasting of societal ills over time with future covariates as helpers; prediction of cardiovascular risk after heart attacks with prescription data as helpers; and diagnosing pneumonia from chest X-rays using machine-generated predictions as helpers.
Published: 2024

41. Entropy-Regularized Optimal Transport in Information Design

Author: Justiniano, Jorge, Kleiner, Andreas, Moldovanu, Benny, Rumpf, Martin, and Strack, Philipp
Subjects: Mathematics - Numerical Analysis, Computer Science - Computer Science and Game Theory, Mathematics - Optimization and Control, 49Q22, 65K10, 91B03
Abstract: In this paper, we explore a scenario where a sender provides an information policy and a receiver, upon observing a realization of this policy, decides whether to take a particular action, such as making a purchase. The sender's objective is to maximize her utility derived from the receiver's action, and she achieves this by careful selection of the information policy. Building on the work of Kleiner et al., our focus lies specifically on information policies that are associated with power diagram partitions of the underlying domain. To address this problem, we employ entropy-regularized optimal transport, which enables us to develop an efficient algorithm for finding the optimal solution. We present experimental numerical results that highlight the qualitative properties of the optimal configurations, providing valuable insights into their structure. Furthermore, we extend our numerical investigation to derive optimal information policies for monopolists dealing with multiple products, where the sender discloses information about product qualities., Comment: 20 pages, 7 figures
Published: 2024

42. Evidence for Local Symmetry Breaking in the Skyrmion-Hosting Ni2In-type Hexagonal Compounds

Author: Singh, Anupam K., Singh, Sanjay, Dubey, Krishna K., Devi, Parul, Das, Pritam, Etter, Martin, Grendal, Ola. G., Dejoie, Catherine, Fitch, Andrew, Senyshyn, Anatoliy, Lee, Seung-Cheol, Bhattacharjee, Satadeep, and Pandey, Dhananjai
Subjects: Condensed Matter - Materials Science
Abstract: Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction (DMI) plays a crucial role to stabilize the exotic topologically stable skyrmion spin-textures in the noncentrosymmetric crystals. The recent discovery of biskyrmions and skyrmions in the globally centrosymmetric crystals has raised debate about the role of the DMI in causing the spin textures, since DMI vanishes in such crystal structures. Theoretical studies, on the other hand, suggest non-vanishing DMI even if there is local inversion symmetry breaking in an otherwise globally centrosymmetric crystal structure. Motivated by such theoretical predictions, we present here the results of a systematic crystal structure study of two skyrmion-hosting Ni2In-type centrosymmetric hexagonal compounds, MnNiGa and MnPtGa, using the atomic pair distribution function (PDF) technique. Our result provides information about structural correlations in the short-range (SR), medium-range (MR) and long-range (LR) regimes simultaneously. The analysis of the experimental PDFs, obtained from high flux, high energy and high-Q synchrotron x-ray powder diffraction patterns, reveal that the local SR structure of both MnNiGa and MnPtGa compounds corresponds to the noncentrosymmetric trigonal space group P3m1, while the structure in the MR+LR regimes remains hexagonal in the centrosymmetric P63/mmc space group. These findings are also supported by theoretical DFT calculations. Our results in conjunction with the previous theoretical predictions, provide a rationale for the genesis of skyrmions in centrosymmetric materials in terms of non-vanishing DMI due to local inversion symmetry breaking. We believe that our findings would encourage a systematic search of skyrmionic textures and other topological phenomena in a vast family of centrosymmetric materials.
Published: 2024

43. Revisiting the Linear Chain Trick in epidemiological models: Implications of underlying assumptions for numerical solutions

Author: Plötzke, Lena, Wendler, Anna, Schmieding, René, and Kühn, Martin J.
Subjects: Mathematics - Dynamical Systems, 34A34, 65L06, 65Z05, 92D30
Abstract: In order to simulate the spread of infectious diseases, many epidemiological models use systems of ordinary differential equations (ODEs) to describe the underlying dynamics. These models incorporate the implicit assumption, that the stay time in each disease state follows an exponential distribution. However, a substantial number of epidemiological, data-based studies indicate that this assumption is not plausible. One method to alleviate this limitation is to employ the Linear Chain Trick (LCT) for ODE systems, which realizes the use of Erlang distributed stay times. As indicated by data, this approach allows for more realistic models while maintaining the advantages of using ODEs. In this work, we propose an advanced LCT model incorporating eight infection states with demographic stratification. We review key properties of LCT models and demonstrate that predictions derived from a simple ODE-based model can be significantly distorted, potentially leading to wrong political decisions. Our findings demonstrate that the influence of distribution assumptions on the behavior at change points and on the prediction of epidemic peaks is substantial, while the assumption has no effect on the final size of the epidemic. As the corresponding ODE systems are often solved by adaptive Runge-Kutta methods such as the Cash Karp method, we also study the implications on the time-to-solution using Cash Karp 5(4) for different LCT models. Eventually and for the application side, we highlight the importance of incorporating a demographic stratification by age groups to improve the prediction performance of the model. We validate our model by showing that realistic infection dynamics are better captured by LCT models than by a simple ODE model., Comment: 26 pages, 16 figures
Published: 2024

44. High peak-power 2.1-{\mu}m femtosecond Holmium amplifier at 100 kHz

Author: Suzuki, Anna, Kassai, Boldizsar, Wang, Yicheng, Omar, Alan, Löschr, Robin, Tomilov, Sergei, Hoffmann, Martin, and Saraceno, Clara J.
Subjects: Physics - Optics
Abstract: We report on a laser system delivering sub-100-fs pulses at 2.1-{\mu}m wavelength with an unprecedented combination of high peak power and high repetition rate. The amplifier system consists of a mode-locked oscillator seeding a regenerative amplifier using the novel broadband material Holmium (Ho)-doped CaAlGdO4 (CALGO), operating in the chirped pulse amplification (CPA) scheme, and a simple single-pass nonlinear compression stage based on a bulk material multi-pass cell (MPC). This simple laser system delivers 97-fs pulse duration and a peak power of 525 MW. We demonstrate the potential of this unique source by generating a microplasma in ambient air, demonstrating the highly focusable intensity to address future plasma-driven secondary sources. To the best of our knowledge, this system is the first Ho-based laser system combining high peak power and high repetition rate in this coveted wavelength region.
Published: 2024

45. The curtain lowers on directly detectable higgsino dark matter

Author: Martin, Stephen P.
Subjects: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology
Abstract: A higgsino could be some or all of the dark matter, with a mass bounded from above by about 1.1 TeV assuming a thermal freezeout density, and from below by collider searches. Direct detection experiments imply purity constraints on a dark matter higgsino, limiting the mixing with the electroweak gauginos. Using the new strong limits available as of the end of 2024 from the LUX-ZEPLIN experiment, I quantify the resulting lower bounds on gaugino masses and upper bounds on higgsino mass splittings, assuming that the scalar superpartners and Higgs bosons of minimal supersymmetry are in the decoupling limit. Similar bounds are projected for the critical future scenario that direct detection experiments reach the neutrino fog that hampers discovery prospects., Comment: 24 pages
Published: 2024

46. Two Earth-size Planets and an Earth-size Candidate Transiting the Nearby Star HD 101581

Author: Kunimoto, Michelle, Lin, Zifan, Millholland, Sarah, Venner, Alexander, Hinkel, Natalie R., Shporer, Avi, Vanderburg, Andrew, Bailey, Jeremy, Brahm, Rafael, Burt, Jennifer A., Butler, R. Paul, Carter, Brad, Ciardi, David R., Collins, Karen A., Collins, Kevin I., Colon, Knicole D., Crane, Jeffrey D., Daylan, Tansu, Díaz, Matías R., Doty, John P., Feng, Fabo, Guenther, Eike W., Horner, Jonathan, Howell, Steve B., Janik, Jan, Jones, Hugh R. A., Kabath, Petr, Kanodia, Shubham, Littlefield, Colin, Osborn, Hugh P., O'Toole, Simon, Paegert, Martin, Pintr, Pavel, Schwarz, Richard P., Shectman, Steve, Srdoc, Gregor, Stassun, Keivan G., Teske, Johanna K., Twicken, Joseph D., Vanzi, Leonardo, Wang, Sharon X., Wittenmyer, Robert A., Jenkins, Jon M., Ricker, George R., Seager, Sara, and Winn, Joshua
Subjects: Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics
Abstract: We report the validation of multiple planets transiting the nearby ($d = 12.8$ pc) K5V dwarf HD 101581 (GJ 435, TOI-6276, TIC 397362481). The system consists of at least two Earth-size planets whose orbits are near a mutual 4:3 mean-motion resonance, HD 101581 b ($R_{p} = 0.956_{-0.061}^{+0.063}~R_{\oplus}$, $P = 4.47$ days) and HD 101581 c ($R_{p} = 0.990_{-0.070}^{+0.070}~R_{\oplus}$, $P = 6.21$ days). Both planets were discovered in Sectors 63 and 64 TESS observations and statistically validated with supporting ground-based follow-up. We also identify a signal that probably originates from a third transiting planet, TOI-6276.03 ($R_{p} = 0.982_{-0.098}^{+0.114}~R_{\oplus}$, $P = 7.87$ days). These planets are remarkably uniform in size and their orbits are evenly spaced, representing a prime example of the "peas-in-a-pod" architecture seen in other compact multi-planet systems. At $V = 7.77$, HD 101581 is the brightest star known to host multiple transiting planets smaller than $1.5~R_{\oplus}$. HD 101581 is a promising system for atmospheric characterization and comparative planetology of small planets., Comment: 25 pages, 13 figures. Accepted for publication in AJ
Published: 2024

47. Dynamical Tits alternative for groups of almost automorphisms of trees

Author: Vio, Martín Gilabert
Subjects: Mathematics - Group Theory, Mathematics - Dynamical Systems, 20F99 (Primary) 20F65 (Secondary)
Abstract: We prove a dynamical variant of the Tits alternative for the group of almost automorphisms of a locally finite tree $\mathcal{T}$: a group of almost automorphisms of $\mathcal{T}$ either contains a nonabelian free group playing ping-pong on the boundary $\partial \mathcal{T}$, or the action of the group on $\partial \mathcal{T}$ preserves a probability measure. This generalises to all groups of tree almost automorphisms a result of S. Hurtado and E. Militon for Thompson's group $V$, with a hopefully simpler proof., Comment: 9 pages
Published: 2024

48. Probabilistic Tits alternative for circle diffeomorphisms

Author: Vio, Martín Gilabert
Subjects: Mathematics - Group Theory, Mathematics - Dynamical Systems, Mathematics - Probability
Abstract: Let $\mu_1, \mu_2$ be finitely supported probability measures on $\mathrm{Diff}^1_+(S^1)$ such that their supports genererate groups acting proximally on $S^1$. Let $f^n_\omega, f^n_{\omega'}, n \in \mathbb{N}$ be two independent realizations of the random walk driven by $\mu_1, \mu_2$ respectively. We show that almost surely there is an $N \in \mathbb{N}$ such that for all $n \geq N$ the elements $f^n_\omega, f^n_{\omega'}$ generate a nonabelian free group. The proof adapts the strategy by R. Aoun for linear groups and work of A. Gorodetski, V. Kleptsyn and G. Monakov, and of K. Gelfert and G. Salcedo. The theorem is still true for infinitely supported measures on $\mathrm{Diff}_+^{1 + \tau}(S^1)$ subject to moment conditions, and a weaker but similar statement holds for measures supported on $\mathrm{Homeo}_+(S^1)$ with no moment conditions., Comment: 15 pages, 1 figure
Published: 2024

49. Restricted Monte Carlo wave function method and Lindblad equation for identifying entangling open-quantum-system dynamics

Author: Ares, Laura, Pinske, Julien, Hinrichs, Benjamin, Kolb, Martin, and Sperling, Jan
Subjects: Quantum Physics
Abstract: We develop an extension of the Monte Carlo wave function approach that unambiguously identifies dynamical entanglement in general composite, open systems. Our algorithm performs tangential projections onto the set of separable states, leading to classically correlated quantum trajectories. By comparing this restricted evolution with the unrestricted one, we can characterize the entangling capabilities of quantum channels without making use of input-output relations. Moreover, applying this method is equivalent to solving the nonlinear master equation in Lindblad form introduced in \cite{PAH24} for two-qubit systems. We here extend these equations to multipartite systems of qudits, describing non-entangling dynamics in terms of a stochastic differential equation. We identify the impact of dynamical entanglement in open systems by applying our approach to several correlated decay processes. Therefore, our methodology provides a complete and ready-to-use framework to characterize dynamical quantum correlations caused by arbitrary open-system processes.
Published: 2024

50. Separability Lindblad equation for dynamical open-system entanglement

Author: Pinske, Julien, Ares, Laura, Hinrichs, Benjamin, Kolb, Martin, and Sperling, Jan
Subjects: Quantum Physics
Abstract: Providing entanglement for the design of quantum technologies in the presence of noise constitutes today's main challenge in quantum information science. A framework is required that assesses the build-up of entanglement in realistic settings. In this work, we put forth a new class of nonlinear quantum master equations in Lindblad form that unambiguously identify dynamical entanglement in open quantum systems via deviations from a separable evolution. This separability Lindblad equation restricts quantum trajectories to classically correlated states only. Unlike many conventional approaches, here the entangling capabilities of a process are not characterized by input-output relations, but separability is imposed at each instant of time. We solve these equations for crucial examples, thereby quantifying the dynamical impact of entanglement in non-equilibrium scenarios. Our results allow to benchmark the engineering of entangled states through dissipation. The separability Lindblad equation provides a unique path to characterizing quantum correlations caused by arbitrary system-bath interactions, specifically tailored for the noisy intermediate-scale quantum era.
Published: 2024

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