Search

Organic matter (OM) is known to be an important reductant in sediment-hosted base metal deposits like the European Kupferschiefer. However, the precise nature of interactions between OM and hydrothermal fluids are still debated as well as how the interconnected reactions develop over geological timescales. This dataset provides for the first time bulk, compositional and stable isotope data of hydrocarbons, biomarkers and organonitrogen, -sulfur and-oxygen (NSO) compounds for the mineralized Kupferschiefer Spremberg-Graustein field in Eastern Germany based on samples from two drill cores. The study aims to help to better understand the role that organic matter plays during the mineralisation and formation of the sedimentary ore deposit within the Kupferschiefer with a focus on stable hydrogen isotope compositions and NSO compositional data to especially address the origin and to assess the oxidative nature of the brines that caused the mineralization in the Spremberg-Graustein field. The data publication includes bulk, compositional and stable isotope data on inorganic metals and organic matter. The data about metal contents were generated using ICP-MS while those on the organic matter were generated using Rock-Eval pyrolysis, a microscope, a Soxhlet apparatus, medium pressure liquid chromatography (MPLC), gas chromatography with flame ionization (GC-FID) and mass spectrometric detection (GC-MS), gas chromatography isotope ratio mass spectrometry (GC-IRMS) and ultrahigh resolution mass spectrometry (Fourier Transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry, FT-ICR-MS) with Electrospray ionization (ESI) and Atmospheric pressure photoionization (APPI). The full description of samples, methods and data is given in the following sections.

This data publication contains a high resolution molecular dataset of a study aiming to trace variations in organic carbon sourcing along the Kali Gandaki River in Central Nepal. The data are on samples from different materials in the landscape (litter, soil, bedrock) and river sediments. On these samples we measured the extractable lipid fraction by measured by negative electrospray ionization Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (ESI-FT-ICR-MS). The data was generated between 2015-05 and 2017-12. Please consult the associated data description and Menges et al. (2020) for more details.

Fourier transform-ion cyclotron resonance-mass spectrometry (FT-ICR-MS) with negative ion electrospray ionization (ESI-N) and positive ion atmospheric pressure photoionization (APPI-P), and compound-specific carbon isotope measurements together with conventional biomarker analyses were applied on 13 crude oil samples from Cretaceous reservoirs in the Shushan, Dahab/Mireir, and Abu Gharadig basins of the northern Western Desert of Egypt to identify their origin, maturity, alteration level, and petroleum relationships. Five oil families were identified, and the FT-ICR-MS data enabled a differentiation between crude oils with terrigenous, marine, and mixed organic matter input based on polar compounds. The dominance of acidic (ESI-N) and low-polarity (APPI-P) oxygen-containing compounds in the Shushan oils reflects land plant material input and oxic depositional conditions for their source rocks. The abundance of oxygen-containing compounds gradually decreases in the NE-Abu Gharadig and Dahab/Mireir oils (source rocks: mixed Type III/II organic matter (OM)) to reach minimum values in the marine-dominated Abu Gharadig oils. Based on compound-specific carbon isotopes and hydrocarbon biomarkers, the Shushan Basin hosts two different oil families from source rocks with Type III OM that likely reveal different thermal maturities and ages. The detected APPI-P aromatic hydrocarbons together with other molecular maturity ratios suggest a higher thermal maturity for the Shushan family A and Abu Gharadig oils than for oils of Shushan family B and from the Dahab/Mireir Basins, respectively.

Summary Previous studies from the recultivated open-cast mining sites of Lusatia differentiate only between the organic carbon pools. This enabled a rough estimation of the individual contributions but did not allow describing molecular differences between the pools nor molecular changes over time. Therefor our work aims to use Ultrahigh resolution mass spectrometry (Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry, FT-ICR-MS). It allows a deeper insight into the molecular composition of the different soil carbon pools in the recultivated open-cast mining sites. Negative ESI FT-ICR-MS measurements of the solvent extracts reveal a strong dominance of organo-oxygen compounds representing components with varying carboxylic and hydroxyl groups. The differences in the chemical compositions of the soil extracts from Bar-1 site allowed tracking the changes of the molecular composition of organic matter fractions. Higher amounts of lignite-derived compounds found in the lower part of the profile point to a reduced supply of recent organic carbon into the deeper parts of the profile and a low transformation of the recalcitrant lignite-derived OM at a depth below 40 cm due to missing melioration treatment and/or lacking roots. At Bar-2 site, the compositional inventory of the soil lipids is rather constant with depth completely lacking condensed aromatics.

The potential of polar compound compositions from electrospray ionization ultra-high resolution mass spectrometry (FT-ICR-MS) to characterize petroleum fluids as well as petroleum system processes is shown in the example of the Eagle Ford Formation in Texas, USA. A set of six black oil and nine source-rock bitumen samples is investigated with respect to its organic nitrogen-, sulphur- and oxygen-compound inventory in order to assess maturity, depositional environment, lithofacies and retention and migration behaviour. Compared to conventional geochemical tools based on molecular parameters from gas chromatographic analyses, FT-ICR-MS enables a maturity assessment from immature to late mature stage, which is barely influenced by source or depositional environment. Due to the increased molecular mass and polarity range of its target compounds, FT-ICR-MS is the most convincing tool to describe the retention and fractionation of polar compounds in a petroleum system.

31st European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 1006-1009, At previous EU-PVSEC conferences an innovative technology for making photovoltaic foils was presented which is based on quaternary CZTS (copper zinc tin sulfide) semiconductor powder. In order to accelerate the development of a high speed roll-to-roll production process a cooperation project of several partners from academia and industry was launched in 2014. The overall aim of the project is the demonstration of a technology that allows producing flexible photovoltaic films made of abundant, non-toxic and highly stable material at a web speed of 40 m/min. For this purpose certain technological challenges needs to be tackled such as the development of a printing process which allows for the high speed deposition of a CTZS crystal mono-layer and the metallization in a roll-to-roll process. Furthermore the rear-side opening for contact formation requires a precise and fast “polishing” process of the polymer-semiconductor membrane preferably by a laser ablation process. Finally a process for depositing the TCO front side contact by non-vacuum techniques is developed. The current contribution describes the specification and definition phase of the processes to be used and highlights first successful proof-of-concept experiments. These results constitute important milestones towards the development of a high speed roll-to-roll process, which will enable the production of flexible PV films with a web speed of about 40 m/min and at production costs levels of about 0.30 €/Wp in a mass manufacturing scenario.