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7. Evaluation of errors encountered in photogrammetric studies on lower extremities

Author

Nteli Chatzioglou, Gkionoul, Yılar, Kader, Gövsa, Figen, Pınar, Yelda, Gayretli, Özcan, and Nteli Chatzioglou, Gkionoul

Subjects
Lower Extremity, Errors of Photogrammetry, Photogrammetry, Tools of Photogrammetry, Lower Limb
Abstract

Objective: The aim of our study is to reveal the errors that can be encountered during the shooting of photogrammetric studies on the lower extremities. Methods: We revealed the necessary tools that used during photogrammetry measurements of the lower limb. Also, the errors have been encountered of our two previous studies performed on photogrammetry of lower limbs. The technical errors or incorrect positioning of 20 from 220 volunteers were encountered. Results: The identified errors of 20 volunteers’ photographs related to lower limb were about the inadequate quality image, calibration, poor lightining, positioning error of trunk or parts of lower limb and clothes that cover the anatomical points affected the measurements. Conclusion: Photogrammetry is an important and useful tool for evaluation, diagnosis, treatment, and efficacy monitoring. In anatomy, it is frequently used as a time-saving method in terms of measurement and evaluation in the laboratory, which can be applied and repeated for research. For this reason, errors that occur during the lower extremity have been reported and we think that it will be useful for studies on this part of the body and can be a guide.

Published
2023

9. Musculus psoas quartus: possible effects of such a unusual muscle presence in daily life.

Author

Pınar, Yelda, Gökmen, Figen Gövsa, and Myrzabayeva, Raushan

Subjects
*PSOAS muscles, *QUADRATUS lumborum muscles, *ILIOPSOAS muscle, *FEMORAL nerve, *PELVIS, *EVERYDAY life
Abstract

Objective: M. psoas major, m.iliacus and m.guadratus lumborum are the muscles responsible for spinal flexion, rotation and pelvic tilt. The presence of anusual muscles in this area may cause symptoms such as movement limitation and pain. Methods: Pelvis dissection was performed during training dissections in the anatomy laboratory of Ege University, Faculty of Medicine. Variation was observed in the iliacus muscle. Results: It was determined that the medial half of the m.iliacus started at a higher level, from the anterior surface of the deep fascia of the quadratus lumborum muscle, and joined the m. iliacus distally. Tubbs describes the psoas quartus variation lateral to the psoas major muscle. He described it as originating from the proc. transversus and the medial aspect of the quadratus lumborum muscle. Few variations of the psoas major muscles have been reported in the literature. Tubbs et all reported a variation of the psoas called the "psoas quartus muscle". Perhaps aggressive femoral nerve growth during the fourth or fifth week of development may have been the cause of disruption of the undifferentiated iliacus-psoas muscles, leading to "redirection" of the development of the typical iliopsoas musculature into multiple variations. Conclusion: In anterior pelvic tilt, m.quadratus lumborum is stretched. Such a muscle band associated with it will have a negative impact on this physiological situation. In the pelvic rotation that occurs during walking, muscle variations in the pelvis or accessory muscle fibers may also affect the n.femoralis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024

12. Analysis of anatomically description foot shape patterns in young healthy people.

Author

Chatzioglou, Gkionoul Nteli, Bedre, Özden, Gökmen, Figen, Pınar, Yelda, and Hepgüler, Simin

Subjects
FOOT, GENDER differences (Sociology), STATISTICAL measurement, SHOE design, BODY mass index, HALLUX valgus
Abstract

Objective: To analyze comparision of geometric and podo-graphic differences between male and female foot shape can be the decisive factor of whether well-fitting, functional, and comfortable footwear is available for both genders. Methods: 200 female/male participants, aged 18 to 22 years, were evaluated, including different components of foot morphology as parameters such as foot number, asymmetric foot, hallux valgus (HV). Body weight, body height, shoe size, sports activities, shoe wearing habits, and handedness were recorded. Digital fotogrametric and footscan pressure measurements were taken to determine which parameters were the most significant in characterizing pedal geometry and which had the largest difference between male and female feet. Structural and functional measurements of the same foot were taken using plantar pressure measuring device. Results: The body mass index (BMI) was classified as BMI <18 in 7.45%, BMI: 18-24.99 in 72.7%, BMI: 25-29.99 in 16.14%, BMI: 30-39.99 in 3.72%. when correlations were evaluated; parameters with positive correlation with BMI as midfoot surface and rearfoot impulse. BMI height with wide and flat feet; frequency of wearing high heels, long feet and a larger forefoot area were associated with HV. HV was detected 2 times more in women with low BMI. The foot size is between 36-38 in 49% of women and 42-44 in the middle of 28% of men. In larger feet, it resulted in an increased length-to-width ratio of the footprint and longer toe structure. It was determined that the measurement values of both the length and width of the right side were higher for women with foot measurement symmetry, and the length and width of the left side for men were wider in such a way that there was no statistical difference in the measurements of the right side. The variability of footprint asymmetry increased with BMI. Conclusions: We examined the variation of footprint shape in a sample of young adult people using geometric and podo-graphic methods. It was shown that men's feet were longer than women's, and women's were narrower. It was determined that women's feet were not simply reduced versions of men's feet, but differed in various shape features, especially in the arch, side of the foot, first toe and ball of the foot. Although there is no statistical difference in foot asymmetry, it is no doubt that it will affect the comfort of the shoes. It has proven to be a powerful tool for detailed analysis of footprint shape, which can be applied in a variety of scientific disciplines including geometric and podographic examination and forensics, orthopedics and shoe design. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2022

13. CAUSES OF NON-ATTENDANCE IN ANATOMY CLASSES OF HEALTH SCIENCE STUDENTS.

Author

Gövsa, Figen, Karakaş, Aslı Beril, Chatzioglou, Gkionoul Nteli, and Pınar, Yelda

Subjects
*ANATOMY education, *SCHOOL absenteeism, *SCIENCE students, *STUDENT health, *VOCATIONAL school students, *SCHOOL attendance, *ANATOMY
Abstract

Objective: Attendance in anatomy class has greater importance for students of health sciences as they hold a vital nature of their professional knowledge and practices and the responsibility for intervening the lives of others. Absenteeism is occasionally raised as an issue by attending students who resent others "getting away" with non-attendance and some formal documents appear to suggest that attendance should be mandated. This article researches to explore non-attendance from the perspective of absent students in anatomy classes of health sciences. Material and Method: The research data was collected from freshman year students of Ataturk Vocational School of Health Science by means of a questionnaire during the anatomy classes of the academic year 2016-2017. Together with the demographic data, the questionnaire includes a Likert-type scale aiming to determine the factors influencing attendance at lectures. Results: 198 students participated in this study on a voluntary basis from different programs such as anesthesia, audiometry, dialysis, first aid and emergency and operating service. Raising attainment levels, being able to take their own lecture notes, learning which aspects of the lecture content were being emphasized and the opportunity to ask questions were amongst the chief reasons for attending anatomical lectures. It appears that the factors preventing students from attending lectures are mainly individual. Amongst the most frequently cited causes of non-attendance, sleeplessness, ill health and the inefficiency of lectures in overcrowded halls were emphasized. Conclusion: The vital nature of professional expertise and its applications, health sciences students' attendance at lectures carried greater importance. It was important to strengthen the mentoring system with regard to individual and external factors, which had been implicated to have a substantial influence on lecture attendance by students. In this article, we also note that enforcing attendance apparently runs counter to import pedagogic principles. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2020

14. İnvaziv işlemler açısından musculus masseter topografik anatomisinin altı kadranda incelenmesi

Author

Çoban, İstemihan, Pınar, Yelda, and Anatomi Anabilim Dalı

Subjects
Anatomi, Anatomy
Abstract

M. masseter, regio parotideo masseterica'da yer alır, girişimsel işlemler için önemli bir hedef yapıdır. Bu girişimsel işlemler cerrahi uygulamalar olabildiği gibi botulinum toksini enjeksiyonu gibi sıkça kullanılan uygulamalar da olabilmektedir. Tezin amacı, m. masseter'in topografik anatomik komşuluklarını incelemek, bölgedeki diğer anatomik yapıları ve aralarındaki ilişkileri açıklamaktır. 20 erkek ve 20 kadın %10 formalin solüsyonu ile fikse kadavra baş bölgesi arteriyel dolaşım sistemi kırmızı pigmentli epoksi reçine ile doldurulmuş, büyüteçli masalarda sağ ve sol parotideomasseterica bölgeleri diseke edilmiştir. Diseksiyonu yapılan bölgelerin resimleri üzerinde fotometrik ölçümler yapılmıştır. Ayrıca dijital kumpas ile manuel olarak yapıların ölçümleri yapılmıştır. Buna göre belirlenen kadran içerisinde n. auriculotemporalis ve a. temporalis superficialis, v. temporalis superficialis'in yüzeyelleşmediği görülmüştür. Kadran II-B enjeksiyon benzeri girişimsel işlemler açısından en uygun alan olarak belirlenmişse de bölge içerisindeki diğer önemli yapıların referans çizgilere olan uzaklıklarının ve derinliklerinin dikkate alınması gereklidir. Masseter muscle, regio parotideo masseterica, is an important target structure for interventional procedures. These interventional procedures may be surgical applications or frequently used applications such as botulinum toxin injection. The aim of the thesis is to examine the topographic anatomical boundaries of the masseter muscle, to explain the other anatomical structures in the region and the relations between them. 20 males and 20 females were fixed with 10% formalin solution and the fixed cadaver head region arterial circulatory system was filled with red pigmented epoxy resin, and right and left parotideomasseteric regions were dissected at magnifying tables. Photometric measurements have been made on the pictures of the dissected areas. Also digital caliper measurements have been made by hand. In this study, it has been observed that auriculotemporal nerve, superficial temporal artery and vein, did not surface in the specified area. Although II-B area is determined as the most suitable area for injection-like invasive operations, the distances and depths of other important structures in the region to the reference lines are required to be taken into account. 143

Published
2019

15. Genç yetişkinlerde elin yüzeyel biyometrik parametreleri

Author

Nteli Chatzioglou, Gkionoul, Pınar, Yelda, Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü, and Anatomi Anabilim Dalı

Subjects
Hand Modelling, Human Hand Biometry, Hand Anatomy, İnsan El Biyometri, El Modelleme, Anatomi, Hand deformities-acquired, El Anatomisi, Hand Biomechanics, Robot hand, El Biyomekaniği, Anatomy, Image modelling, Two dimensional modelling, Geometric modelling
Abstract

Elin kinezyolojisi, anatomisi ve fonksiyonları göz önünde tutularak yüzeyel paramatrelerle morfometrisi ortaya konmaya çalışıldı. Yüzeyel anatomiyi derin yapılardan ayrı düşünemeyiz. Birlikte değerlendirdiğimizde, protez el, robot el tasarımından, 3D modellemeye, ergonomiden eldiven tasarımına kadar birçok alanda bu bilgileri kullanırız. Günümüzde kişiye özel tasarımda, her insanın kendi parametreleri ile elde edilecek ürün daha gerçeğe yakın olacaktır. Çalışmada 18-30 yaş arası olan 51 genç yetişkin (32 bayan ve 19 erkek) kullanıldı. Katılımcıların ellerine farklı fonksiyonel pozisyonlar verilerek fotoğraf çekildi. Ölçümler Image J programında gerçekleştirilerek istatiksel verilerin yorumlanması SPSS programı üzerinde yapıldı. Ölçülen parametrelerin sonuçlarına göre; Eldeki parmak uzunlukların ortalaması, başparmak 49,51 + 5,53 mm, işaret parmak uzunluğu 63,89 + 4,1 mm, orta parmak 70,70 + 5,25 mm, yüzük parmak 65,53 + 4,8 mm, serçe parmak 53,35 + 4,32 mm olarak bulundu. El ekstensiyonda ve maksimum adduksiyonda iken parmaklar arasında görülen uzunluk farkı, başparmak ile işaret parmağı arasında: 56,14 + 6,16 mm, işaret parmağı ile orta parmak arasında: 10,70 + 4,09 mm, orta parmak ile yüzük parmak arasında: 10,85 + 1,42 mm ve yüzük parmak ile serçe parmak arasında: 25,63 + 2,74 mm olarak bulundu. Radial doğal açının ortalaması:56,39 + 10,5o , ulnar doğal açının ortalaması: 23,42 + 7,1o olarak bulundu. Radial deviasyon açının ortalaması: 65,19 + 8,2o, ulnar deviasyon açının ortalaması 51,21 + 9,6o olarak bulundu. Tutma/kavrama açısı olarak belirlediğimiz açının ortalaması: 49,13 + 5,76o olarak ölçüldü. Parmaklar maksimum abduksiyona getirildiğinde oluşan parmaklar arası açıların ortalamaları: başparmak ve orta parmak arasında: 53,37 + 6,54o, işaret parmak ile orta parmak arasında: 17,18 + 2,59o, orta parmak ile yüzük parmak arasında: 14,27 + 2,32o ve orta parmak ile serçe parmak arasında: 32,12 + 6,98o açı değerleri bulundu. Başparmak hariç, metakarpofalangeal eklemlerinin maksimum fleksiyondayken parmakların longitudinal aksislerinin os scaphoideum'a doğru olduğu, bu aksisler arası açıların ortalamaları, eşit dağıldığı bulundu. Ölçülen parametrelerin ortalamaları, katılımcıların medeni durumu, yaş, boy, kilo doğum yeri, baskın el tercihi, yazarken baskın el tercihi, sosyal aktivitelerle ilgilenme durumu ve geçmişte üst ekstremite kaza geçirme durumu gibi faktörlerin, metrik sonuçları etkilediği tespit edildi. Anket formundaki kişisel bilgilerin sonuçları ile parametreler arasındaki ilişkiyi tespit etmek için Pearson Korelasyon Analizi yapıldı. Çalışmada p < 0,05 değeri istatiksel olarak anlamlı farklılık kabul edildi., We tried to reveal the morphometry of the hand with superficial parameters by considering it's kinesiology, anatomy and functions. We cannot think superficial anatomy apart from deep structures. When we evaluate together, we use this information in many areas, from prosthetic and robot hand design to 3D modelling, from ergonomic to glove design. Today for special design, the product to be obtained with each person's own parameters will be closer to reality. Hand kinesiology; In the study, 51 young adults (32 female and 19 male) between the ages of 18-30 were used. Photographs were taken by giving different positions to the participants' hands. The interpretation of the statistical data was done on the SPSS program by carrying out the measurements in image J program. According to the results of the measured parameters; the average of finger lengths in hand are; 49,51 + 5,53 mm for thumb finger, 63,89 + 4,1 mm for index finger, 70,70 + 5,25 mm for middle finger, 65,53 + 4,8 mm ring finger and 53,35 + 4,32 mm for fingernail finger. Length difference between fingers when the hand is in extender and maximum adduction positions are 56,14 + 6,16 mm for between the thumb and the index finger, 10,70 + 4,09 mm for between the index finger and the middle finger, 10,85 + 1,42 mm for between the middle finger and the ring finger and 25,63 + 2,74 mm for between the ring finger and the little finger. Other results found like this; Average of radial natural angle: 56,39 + 10,5o, average of ulnar natural angle: 23,42 + 7,1o. Average of radial deviation angle: 65,19 + 8,2o, average of ulnar deviation angle: 51,21 + 9,6o. The average of the angle defined as grasping / gripping angle was measured as 49,13 + 5,76o. Averages of the angles between the fingers when they are positioned to the maximum abduction are 53,37 + 6,54o between the thumb and the index finger, 17,18 + 2,59o for between the index finger and the middle finger, 14,27 + 2,32o for between the middle finger and the ring finger and 32,12 + 6,98o for between the ring finger and the little finger. It is also found that; except for the head finger, the longitudinal axes of the fingers are towards the scaphoideum when the metacarpophalangeal diarthroses are in the maximal fleksiyon and the average angles between these axis are equal. It was confirmed that various features of participants such as marital status, age, height, place of birth, dominant hand preference, dominant hand preference when writing, social activity attendance status and past upper extremity accident status affected the averages of the parameters and the metric results. Pearson Correlation Analysis was performed to determine the relationship between the results of the personal information in the survey and the parameters. The value of < 0.05 was accepted as statistically significant difference in the study.

Published
2017

16. Accessory tendon slip arising from the extensor carpi ulnaris and its importance for wrist pain.

Author

Pınar Y, Gövsa F, Bilge O, and Celik S

Subjects
Anatomy, Regional methods, Carpal Bones anatomy & histology, Carpal Bones pathology, Fingers anatomy & histology, Fingers pathology, Humans, Muscle, Skeletal anatomy & histology, Muscle, Skeletal pathology, Wrist Joint anatomy & histology, Dissection methods, Tendons anatomy & histology, Tendons pathology, Ulna anatomy & histology, Ulna pathology, Wrist anatomy & histology, Wrist pathology
Abstract

Objective: The anatomical variations of the extensor carpi ulnaris (ECU) muscle can cause a functional impairment of the wrist and the little finger. The aim of this study was to determine the number, thickness and type of accessory tendon arising from the ECU., Methods: The presence of an accessory tendinous slip from the ECU muscle was examined in terms of gross appearance, size, shape, thickness, location and distribution in 54 cadaveric forearms., Results: The accessory slips arising from the ECU muscle were observed in three specimens (5.6%) (two left, one right). These slips ran to the ulnar side of the extensor digiti minimi tendon, originated from the head of the ECU, and ended on the extensor apparatus of the fifth finger. The mean width of the tendinous slips was 1.4±0.01 mm., Conclusion: This anatomic variation of the ECU should be considered in diagnostic and surgical procedures involving the dorsum of the hand. Its clinical importance in the treatment of tenosynovitis and subluxation of joints is also stressed.

Published
2012
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