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Introduction: Demographic and epidemiological transitions have increased the life expectancy of people in India. This has resulted in higher burden of morbidities related to aging. The National Health programmes have focused mainly on the health of women in reproductive age groups and neglected their health thereafter. Thus, there is a need to explore the bio-social correlates of menopausal symptoms among women, which can influence their quality of life. Subjects and Methods: This cross-sectional community-based study was conducted in the urban slum of Mysore for 3 months. A total of 100 postmenopausal women in the age group of 40–65 years residing in the field practice area of Urban Health Training Centre were selected by simple random sampling method from the database of households. Details regarding socio-demographic characteristics, postmenopausal symptoms, and factors associated with them were collected in a pretested structured pro forma by interview technique. Results: Among 100 women included in the present study, mean age at menarche and menopause was 13.45 ± 1.72 and 46.7 ± 5.2 years, respectively. The most common postmenopausal symptom was joint pain (92%) followed by physical and mental exhaustion (84%), depression (76%), irritability (73%), hot flushes, and night sweats (65%). There was a significant positive correlation between age of the women, duration of life after menopause, and postmenopausal symptoms. Conclusion: There is a high burden of postmenopausal symptoms which have shown an increasing trend with advancement of age. This calls for establishment of specific health interventions for postmenopausal women in the health-care settings.

A low level of public investments in preventive health facilities and medical care facilities and health professionals has given rise to poor health status for an average Indian. Insufficient government funding for health care, inadequate and ineffective health financing mechanisms, poor delivery of health care, especially in public facilities, and excessive reliance on unregulated high-cost private providers have contributed to the poor accomplishment of Millennium Development Goals, especially in the informal sector. Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) consider health to be one of the important objectives to be achieved by all the nations in the world. This paper reappraises the current status, unmet needs, challenges, and the way forward to implement and achieve universal health coverage (UHC) in India by thrusting the focus on three elements (pillars) of universal access to health services. Despite seven decades of independence, India does still face the formidable challenge of providing health services to its population at an affordable cost. One of the major obstacles in reaching universal coverage and universal health entitlement of every Indian citizen has been the absence of effective health financing mechanism that promotes affordable access to weaker and vulnerable sections of the society. In this respect, health insurance certainly does have the potential to expedite the process of UHC if various stakeholders work in cohesion under the government stewardship. In rural India, the health infrastructure and workforce are inadequate to serve the unserved and underserved population. Hence, the government should invest in public health facilities while promoting pan-India health insurance to ensure and guarantee easy access and affordability for its citizens. The way forward should not only be centered on financial protection, but also to have renewed emphasis on restructuring the health-care system, ensuring the adequate availability of infrastructure, skilled workforce, and access to affordable drugs and technologies. Integration and strengthening of different health financing and delivery mechanisms would undoubtedly enable us to achieve the Alma-Ata declaration of “health for all” and the ambitious target United Nations SDGs of “UHC” by 2025 in India's “Bharat” and “modern” India.

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to evaluate awareness regarding interdental aids in medical population. Materials and Methods: This study included 337 medical professionals living in Davangere district, Karnataka, India. A dental health questionnaire was distributed to all subjects consisting of 18questions. Results: Total 337 people with 187 females and 150 males who were of mean age 27.6±9.0 years participated in the study. The significant positive response (

Aim: The study aimed at obtaining glucose readings using gingival crevicular blood (GCB) to screen for undiagnosed diabetes during routine dental visits. Materials and Methods: The present study included 50 patients who were divided into two groups, i.e. Group A and Group B, based on bleeding on probing at the site of collection of GCB. Group A participants had blood collected from sites having adequate bleeding on probing, whereas Group B participants had blood collected from sites with little bleeding on probing. GCB and capillary finger-stick blood (CFB] glucose readings were obtained using a self-monitoring glucometer. Statistical Analysis: Correlations between both the samples were done using Pearson′s correlation. Results: Group A patients′ correlations between GCB and CFB glucose readings were high, whereas in Group B patients, correlations between glucose readings were low. Conclusion: GCB can be an excellent source for screening diabetes during routine dental visits.

Objectives: Its been long known that clinical appearance of healthy marginal periodontium differs from subject to subject and even different teeth type. Many features are directly genetically determined, others seem to be influenced by size, shape and position. Hence in this study, the relationship between the different teeth type and the thickness of gingiva was examined. Methods : Thirty two systemically healthy patients, devoid of symptoms of destructive periodontal disease (16 males and 16 females) participated in this study. Gingival thickness was assessed in the maxillary and mandibular anteriors by ultrasonographic method (USG). Results: It was observed that thickness of gingiva varied in the central incisor, lateral incisor and canine. Conclusion: It was concluded that thickness of gingiva varies with the different teeth type and USG method assess the gingival thickness accurately and rapidly.

In this effective work, Polyethyleneimine (PEI) and Cerium Oxide (CeO2) with disparate weight percentage were designated for sensing Carbon dioxide (CO2). Four heterogeneous varieties of sensors with a varied weight percentage of CeO2 in PEI were fabricated by drop-casting the sensitive films on prepared Interdigitated electrodes (IDE) from copper-clad. Morphological, compositional, absorbance and X-ray studies were led on the cerium oxide nanoparticles by field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDAX), UV-Visible spectrometer and X-ray diffractometer (XRD). Response capabilities of all the four sensors at room temperature were attentively scrutinized. Unique capabilities of Repeatability, sensitivity, error-free measurements of the response time and recovery time were carefully inspected. It was summarized that the appropriate weight ratio of CeO2 and PEI was critical for sensing response. A feasible comparison between sensing responses of the fabricated sensors to CO2 under nitrogen (N2) was typically done. Relevant sensing process was investigated too. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the present investigation, the response capabilities of the sensors fabricated by the drop-casting process were examined at room temperature. Polyethyleneimine (PEI) and synthesised reduced graphene oxide (RGO) with varied weight percentage are the materials selected for sensing Carbon dioxide (CO2). The novelty of the present work resembles the preparation of interdigitated electrodes (IDE) from patterning the copper clad. Four different varieties of sensors with a varied weight percentage of RGO in PEI were fabricated by drop-casting the sensitive films on prepared IDE. Capabilities of resistance over CO2 concentration, sensitivity, repeatability, measurements of response and recovery time were examined. It was found that appropriate weight ratio of RGO and PEI was critical for sensing response. A comparison between sensing responses of the fabricated sensors to CO2 under nitrogen (N2) was done. Addition to that appropriate sensing process was also analysed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]