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1. Opportunities and Risks of LLMs for Scalable Deliberation with Polis

Author

Small, Christopher T., Vendrov, Ivan, Durmus, Esin, Homaei, Hadjar, Barry, Elizabeth, Cornebise, Julien, Suzman, Ted, Ganguli, Deep, and Megill, Colin

Subjects
Computer Science - Social and Information Networks, Computer Science - Computation and Language, Computer Science - Computers and Society, Computer Science - Human-Computer Interaction
Abstract

Polis is a platform that leverages machine intelligence to scale up deliberative processes. In this paper, we explore the opportunities and risks associated with applying Large Language Models (LLMs) towards challenges with facilitating, moderating and summarizing the results of Polis engagements. In particular, we demonstrate with pilot experiments using Anthropic's Claude that LLMs can indeed augment human intelligence to help more efficiently run Polis conversations. In particular, we find that summarization capabilities enable categorically new methods with immense promise to empower the public in collective meaning-making exercises. And notably, LLM context limitations have a significant impact on insight and quality of these results. However, these opportunities come with risks. We discuss some of these risks, as well as principles and techniques for characterizing and mitigating them, and the implications for other deliberative or political systems that may employ LLMs. Finally, we conclude with several open future research directions for augmenting tools like Polis with LLMs., Comment: 31 pages (main body; 45 with Bibliography and Appendix), 6 figures

Published
2023

2. Open High-Resolution Satellite Imagery: The WorldStrat Dataset -- With Application to Super-Resolution

Author

Cornebise, Julien, Oršolić, Ivan, and Kalaitzis, Freddie

Subjects
Electrical Engineering and Systems Science - Image and Video Processing, Computer Science - Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, Computer Science - Machine Learning, Statistics - Applications, 68-04 (Primary), 68T45, 68U10(Secondary), I.2.10, I.2.6
Abstract

Analyzing the planet at scale with satellite imagery and machine learning is a dream that has been constantly hindered by the cost of difficult-to-access highly-representative high-resolution imagery. To remediate this, we introduce here the WorldStrat dataset. The largest and most varied such publicly available dataset, at Airbus SPOT 6/7 satellites' high resolution of up to 1.5 m/pixel, empowered by European Space Agency's Phi-Lab as part of the ESA-funded QueryPlanet project, we curate nearly 10,000 sqkm of unique locations to ensure stratified representation of all types of land-use across the world: from agriculture to ice caps, from forests to multiple urbanization densities. We also enrich those with locations typically under-represented in ML datasets: sites of humanitarian interest, illegal mining sites, and settlements of persons at risk. We temporally-match each high-resolution image with multiple low-resolution images from the freely accessible lower-resolution Sentinel-2 satellites at 10 m/pixel. We accompany this dataset with an open-source Python package to: rebuild or extend the WorldStrat dataset, train and infer baseline algorithms, and learn with abundant tutorials, all compatible with the popular EO-learn toolbox. We hereby hope to foster broad-spectrum applications of ML to satellite imagery, and possibly develop from free public low-resolution Sentinel2 imagery the same power of analysis allowed by costly private high-resolution imagery. We illustrate this specific point by training and releasing several highly compute-efficient baselines on the task of Multi-Frame Super-Resolution. High-resolution Airbus imagery is CC BY-NC, while the labels and Sentinel2 imagery are CC BY, and the source code and pre-trained models under BSD. The dataset is available at https://zenodo.org/record/6810792 and the software package at https://github.com/worldstrat/worldstrat ., Comment: Submitted, under review

Published
2022

3. First production of X-rays at the ThomX high-intensity Compton source

Author

Jacquet, Marie, Alexandre, Patrick, Alkadi, Muath, Alves, Manuel, Amer, Manar, Amoudry, Loic, Auguste, Didier, Babigeon, Jean-Luc, Balcou, Philippe, Baltazar, Michel, Benabderrahmane, Chamseddine, el Fekih, Rachid Ben, Benoit, Alain, Berteaud, Philippe, Biagini, Marica, Blin, Alexandre, Bobault, Sébastien, Bonanzingamarco, Marco, Bonenfant, Jean, Bonis, Julien, Bouanani, Yazid, Bouaziz, Said, Bouvet, François, Bravin, Alberto, Bruni, Christelle, Bruyere, Cyril, Bzyl, Harold, Cassinari, Lodovico, Cassou, Kevin, Cayla, Jean-Noël, Chabaud, Thomas, Chaikovska, Iryna, Chance, Sophie, Chapelle, Christophe, Chaumat, Vincent, Chiche, Ronic, Cobessi, Alain, Cormier, Eric, Cornebise, Patrick, Couprie, Marie-Emmanuelle, Cuoq, Renaud, Dalifard, Olivier, Degallaix, Jérôme, Delerue, Nicolas, Del Net, William, Diaz, Antonio, Dietrich, Yannick, Diop, Massamba, Dorkel, Remy, Douillet, Denis, Drebot, Illya, Dugal, Jean-Phillipe, Dupraz, Kevin, Dupuy, Eric, El Ajjouri, Moussa, El Kamchi, Noureddine, El Khaldi, Mohamed, Elleaume, Hélène, Ergenlik, Ezgi, Estève, François, Favier, Pierre, Fernandez, Marco, Gamelin, Alexis, Garaut, Jean-François, Garolfi, Luca, Gauron, Philippe, Gauthier, Frédéric, Girault, Pascal, Gonnin, Alexandre, Grasset, Denis, Guerard, Eric, Guler, Hayg, Haissinski, Jacques, Hazemann, Jean-Louis, Helder, Dias, Herbeaux, Christian, Herry, Emmanuel, Hodeau, Jean-Louis, Horodynski, Jean-Michel, Hubert, Nicolas, Iaquaniello, Gregory, Jacquet, Philippe, Jeantet, Philippe, Jehanno, Didier, Jules, Eric, Kapoujyan, Grigor, Kubytskyi, Viacheslav, Labat, Marie, Labaye, François, Lacipière, Jerome, Lacroix, Mickaël, Lahéra, Eric, Langlet, Marc, Lebarillec, Titouan, Ledu, Jean-François, Le Duc, Géraldine, Le Guidec, Damien, Leluan, Bruno, Lepercq, Pierre, Lestrade, Alain, Letellier-cohen, Frédéric, Letrésor, Antoine, Lhermite, Jérôme, Liu, Xing, Lopes, Robert, Loulergue, Alexandre, Louvet, Marc, Mageur, Christophe, Marchand, Patrick, Marie, Rodolphe, Marrucho, Jean-Claude, Marteau, Fabrice, Martens, Aurélien, Mercadier, Gabriel, Mercier, Bruno, Michel, Christophe, Mistretta, Eric, Monard, Hugues, Moutardier, Alexandre, Muller, Didier, Nadji, Amor, Nadolski, Laurent, Nagaoka, Ryutaro, Neveu, Olivier, Nutarelli, Daniele, Omeich, Maher, Pedeau, Dominique, Peinaud, Yann, Perroux, Gilles, Pérus, Antoine, Petit, Sylvain, Petrilli, Yannick, Pichet, Marc, Pieyre, Bernard, Pinard, Laurent, Plaige, Eric, Pollina, Jean Pierre, Prévost, Christophe, Proux, Olivier, Ribeiro, Fernand, Robert, Pierre, Ros, Manuel, Roulet, Thomas, Roux, Raphael, Roy, Emmanuel, Rudnicky, Philippe, Salvia, Julien, Sebdaoui, Mourad, Sierra, Serge, Soskov, Viktor, Sreedharan, Rajesh, Susini, Jean, Taurigna-Quéré, Monique, Trochet, Stéphane, Vallerand, Cynthia, Variola, Alessandro, Veteran, José, Vitez, Olivier, Walter, Philippe, Wicek, François, Wurth, Sébastien, and Zomer, Fabian

Published
2024
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4. Energy reconstruction of hadronic showers at the CERN PS and SPS using the Semi-Digital Hadronic Calorimeter

Author

Laktineh, I., Liu, B., Boumediene, D., Baek, Y. W., Kim, D-W., Lee, S. C., Min, B. G., Park, S. W., Deguchi, Y., Kawagoe, K., Miura, Y., Mori, R., Sekiya, I., Suehara, T., Yoshioka, T., Caponetto, L., Combaret, C., Garillot, G., Grenier, G., Ianigro, J-C., Kurca, T., Li, B., Lumb, N., Mathez, H., Mirabito, L., Steen, A., Alamillo, E. Calvo, Carrillo, C., Fouz, M. C., Cabrera, H. Garcia, Marin, J., Navarrete, J., Pelayo, J. Puerta, Verdugo, A., Corriveau, F., Emberger, L., Graf, C., de Silva, L. M. S, Simon, F., Winter, C., Bonis, J., Breton, D., Cornebise, P., Gallas, A., Jeglot, J., Irles, A., Maalmi, J., schl, R. P, Thiebault, A., Richard, F., Zerwas, D., Cvach, J., Janata, M., Kovalcuk, M., Kvasnicka, J., Polak, I., Smolik, J., Vrba, V., Zalesak, J., Zuklin, J., Duan, Y. Y., Li, S., Guo, J., Hu, J. F., Lagarde, F., Shen, Q. P., Wang, X., Wu, W. H., Yang, H. J., and Zhu, Y. F.

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Experiment, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Abstract

The CALICE Semi-Digital Hadronic CALorimeter (SDHCAL) is the first technological prototype in a family of high-granularity calorimeters developed by the CALICE Collaboration to equip the experiments of future lepton colliders. The SDHCAL is a sampling calorimeter using stainless steel for absorber and Glass Resistive Plate Chambers (GRPC) as a sensitive medium. The GRPC are read out by 1~cm $\times$ 1~cm pickup pads combined to a multi-threshold electronics. The prototype was exposed to hadron beams in both the CERN PS and the SPS beamlines in 2015 allowing the test of the SDHCAL in a large energy range from 3~GeV to 80~GeV. After introducing the method used to select the hadrons of our data and reject the muon and electron contamination, we present the energy reconstruction approach that we apply to the data collected from both beamlines and we discuss the response linearity and the energy resolution of the SDHCAL. The results obtained in the two beamlines confirm the excellent SDHCAL performance observed with the data collected with the same prototype in the SPS beamline in 2012. They also show the stability of the SDHCAL in different beam conditions and different time periods., Comment: 21 pages,23 figures

Published
2022

5. Particle Identification Using Boosted Decision Trees in the Semi-Digital Hadronic Calorimeter Prototype

Author

Boumediene, D., Pingault, A., Tytgat, M., Bilki, B., Northacker, D., Onel, Y., Cho, G., Kim, D-W., Lee, S. C., Park, W., Vallecorsa, S., Deguchi, Y., Kawagoe, K., Miura, Y., Mori, R., Sekiya, I., Suehara, T., Yoshioka, T., Caponetto, L., Combaret, C., Garillot, R. Ete G., Grenier, G., Ianigro, J-C., Kurca, T., Laktineh, I., Liu, B., Li, B., Lumb, N., Mathez, H., Mirabito, L., Steen, A., Alamillo, E. Calvo, Fouz, M. C., Marin, J., Navarrete, J., Pelayo, J. Puerta, Verdugo, A., Corriveau, F., Freund, B., Chadeeva, M., Danilov, M., Emberger, L., Graf, C., Simon, F., Winter, C., Bonis, J., Breton, D., Cornebise, P., Gallas, A., Jeglot, J., Irles, A., Maalmi, J., Pöschl, R., Thiebault, A., Richard, F., Zerwas, D., Anduze, M., Balagura, V., Boudry, V., Brient, J-C., Edy, E., Gastaldi, F., Guillaumat, R., Magniette, F., Nanni, J., Callier, H. Videau S., Dulucq, F., de la Taille, Ch., Martin-Chassard, G., Raux, L., Seguin-Moreau, N., Cvach, J., Janata, M., Kovalcuk, M., Kvasnicka, J., Polak, I., Smolik, J., Vrba, V., Zalesak, J., Zuklin, J., Duan, Y. Y., Li, S., Guo, J., Hu, J. F., Lagarde, F., Shen, Q. P., Wang, X., Wu, W. H., Yang, H. J., and Zhu, Y. F.

Subjects
Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract

The CALICE Semi-Digital Hadronic CALorimeter (SDHCAL) prototype using Glass Resistive Plate Chambers as a sensitive medium is the first technological prototype of a family of high-granularity calorimeters developed by the CALICE collaboration to equip the experiments of future leptonic colliders. It was exposed to beams of hadrons, electrons and muons several times in the CERN PS and SPS beamlines between 2012 and 2018. We present here a new method of particle identification within the SDHCAL using the Boosted Decision Trees (BDT) method applied to the data collected in 2015. The performance of the method is tested first with Geant4-based simulated events and then on the data collected by the SDHCAL in the energy range between 10 and 80~GeV with 10~GeV energy steps. The BDT method is then used to reject the electrons and muons that contaminate the SPS hadron beams.

Published
2020
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6. Objects of violence: synthetic data for practical ML in human rights investigations

Author

Kermode, Lachlan, Freyberg, Jan, Akturk, Alican, Trafford, Robert, Kochetkov, Denis, Pardinas, Rafael, Weizman, Eyal, and Cornebise, Julien

Subjects
Computer Science - Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, Computer Science - Machine Learning
Abstract

We introduce a machine learning workflow to search for, identify, and meaningfully triage videos and images of munitions, weapons, and military equipment, even when limited training data exists for the object of interest. This workflow is designed to expedite the work of OSINT ("open source intelligence") researchers in human rights investigations. It consists of three components: automatic rendering and annotating of synthetic datasets that make up for a lack of training data; training image classifiers from combined sets of photographic and synthetic data; and mtriage, an open source software that orchestrates these classifiers' deployment to triage public domain media, and visualise predictions in a web interface. We show that synthetic data helps to train classifiers more effectively, and that certain approaches yield better results for different architectures. We then demonstrate our workflow in two real-world human rights investigations: the use of the Triple-Chaser tear gas grenade against civilians, and the verification of allegations of military presence in Ukraine in 2014., Comment: Presented at NeurIPS 2019 in the AI for Social Good track

Published
2020

7. HighRes-net: Recursive Fusion for Multi-Frame Super-Resolution of Satellite Imagery

Author

Deudon, Michel, Kalaitzis, Alfredo, Goytom, Israel, Arefin, Md Rifat, Lin, Zhichao, Sankaran, Kris, Michalski, Vincent, Kahou, Samira E., Cornebise, Julien, and Bengio, Yoshua

Subjects
Computer Science - Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, Computer Science - Machine Learning, Electrical Engineering and Systems Science - Image and Video Processing, Statistics - Machine Learning
Abstract

Generative deep learning has sparked a new wave of Super-Resolution (SR) algorithms that enhance single images with impressive aesthetic results, albeit with imaginary details. Multi-frame Super-Resolution (MFSR) offers a more grounded approach to the ill-posed problem, by conditioning on multiple low-resolution views. This is important for satellite monitoring of human impact on the planet -- from deforestation, to human rights violations -- that depend on reliable imagery. To this end, we present HighRes-net, the first deep learning approach to MFSR that learns its sub-tasks in an end-to-end fashion: (i) co-registration, (ii) fusion, (iii) up-sampling, and (iv) registration-at-the-loss. Co-registration of low-resolution views is learned implicitly through a reference-frame channel, with no explicit registration mechanism. We learn a global fusion operator that is applied recursively on an arbitrary number of low-resolution pairs. We introduce a registered loss, by learning to align the SR output to a ground-truth through ShiftNet. We show that by learning deep representations of multiple views, we can super-resolve low-resolution signals and enhance Earth Observation data at scale. Our approach recently topped the European Space Agency's MFSR competition on real-world satellite imagery., Comment: 15 pages, 5 figures

Published
2020

8. DECoVaC: Design of Experiments with Controlled Variability Components

Author

Boquet, Thomas, Delisle, Laure, Kochetkov, Denis, Schucher, Nathan, Atighehchian, Parmida, Oreshkin, Boris, and Cornebise, Julien

Subjects
Statistics - Methodology, Computer Science - Artificial Intelligence
Abstract

Reproducible research in Machine Learning has seen a salutary abundance of progress lately: workflows, transparency, and statistical analysis of validation and test performance. We build on these efforts and take them further. We offer a principled experimental design methodology, based on linear mixed models, to study and separate the effects of multiple factors of variation in machine learning experiments. This approach allows to account for the effects of architecture, optimizer, hyper-parameters, intentional randomization, as well as unintended lack of determinism across reruns. We illustrate that methodology by analyzing Matching Networks, Prototypical Networks and TADAM on the miniImagenet dataset.

Published
2019

9. Characterisation of different stages of hadronic showers using the CALICE Si-W ECAL physics prototype

Author

CALICE Collaboration, Eigen, G., Price, T., Watson, N. K., Winter, A., Do, Y., Khan, A., Kim, D., Blazey, G. C., Dyshkant, A., Francis, K., Zutshi, V., Kawagoe, K., Miura, Y., Mori, R., Sekiya, I., Suehara, T., Yoshioka, T., Apostolakis, J., Giraud, J., Grondin, D., Hostachy, J. -Y., Bach, O., Bocharnikov, V., Brianne, E., Gadow, K., Göttlicher, P., Hartbrich, O., Heuchel, D., Krivan, F., Krüger, K., Kvasnicka, J., Lu, S., Pinto, O., Provenza, A., Reinecke, M., Sefkow, F., Schuwalow, S., Sudo, Y., Tran, H. L., Buhmann, P., Garutti, E., Laurien, S., Lomidze, D., Matysek, M., Wilson, G. W., Belver, D., Alamillo, E. Calvo, Fouz, M. C., Cabrerai, H. García, Maríni, J., Navarrete, J., Pelayo, J. Puerta, Verdugo, A., Masetti, L., Chadeeva, M., Danilov, M., Gabriel, M., Emberger, L., Graf, C., Israeli, Y., Simon, F., Szalay, M., Windel, H., Amjad, M. S., Bilokin, S., Bonis, J., Breton, D., Cornebise, P., Doublet, P., Gallas, A., Jeglot, J., Irles, A., Li, H., Maalmi, J., Pöschl, R., Thiebault, A., Richard, F., Zerwas, D., Anduze, M., Balagura, V., Becheva, E., Boudry, V., Brient, J-C., Cornat, R., Edy, E., Fayolle, G., Gastaldi, F., Videau, H., Callier, S., Dulucq, F., de la Taille, Ch., Martin-Chassard, G., Raux, L., Seguin-Moreau, N., Cvach, J., Janata, M., Kovalcuk, M., Polak, I., Smolik, J., Vrba, V., Zalesak, J., Zuklin, J., Jeans, D., van der Kolk, N., and Peitzmann, T.

Subjects
Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract

A detailed investigation of hadronic interactions is performed using $\pi^-$-mesons with energies in the range 2--10 GeV incident on a high granularity silicon-tungsten electromagnetic calorimeter. The data were recorded at FNAL in 2008. The region in which the $\pi^-$-mesons interact with the detector material and the produced secondary particles are characterised using a novel track-finding algorithm that reconstructs tracks within hadronic showers in a calorimeter in the absence of a magnetic field. The principle of carrying out detector monitoring and calibration using secondary tracks is also demonstrated., Comment: 21 pages, 21 figures

Published
2019
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10. A large-scale crowdsourced analysis of abuse against women journalists and politicians on Twitter

Author

Delisle, Laure, Kalaitzis, Alfredo, Majewski, Krzysztof, de Berker, Archy, Marin, Milena, and Cornebise, Julien

Subjects
Computer Science - Social and Information Networks, Computer Science - Machine Learning, Statistics - Applications, Statistics - Machine Learning
Abstract

We report the first, to the best of our knowledge, hand-in-hand collaboration between human rights activists and machine learners, leveraging crowd-sourcing to study online abuse against women on Twitter. On a technical front, we carefully curate an unbiased yet low-variance dataset of labeled tweets, analyze it to account for the variability of abuse perception, and establish baselines, preparing it for release to community research efforts. On a social impact front, this study provides the technical backbone for a media campaign aimed at raising public and deciders' awareness and elevating the standards expected from social media companies., Comment: Workshop on AI for Social Good, NeurIPS 2018

Published
2019

11. Beam test performance of the highly granular SiW-ECAL technological prototype for the ILC

Author

Kawagoe, K., Miura, Y., Sekiya, I., Suehara, T., Yoshioka, T., Bilokin, S., Bonis, J., Cornebise, P., Gallas, A., Irles, A., Pöschl, R., Richard, F., Thiebault, A., Zerwas, D., Anduze, M., Balagura, V., Boudry, V., Brient, J-C., Edy, E., Fayolle, G., Frotin, M., Gastaldi, F., Guillaumat, R., Lobanov, A., Louzir, M., Magniette, F., Nanni, J., Rubio-Roy, M., Shpak, K., Videau, H., Yu, D., Callier, S., Dulucq, F., de la Taille, Ch., Seguin-Moreau, N., Augustin, J. E., Cornat, R., David, J., Ghislain, P., Lacour, D., Lavergne, L., Parraud, J. M., Chai, J. S., and h, D. Jeans

Subjects
Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Abstract

The technological prototype of the CALICE highly granular silicon-tungsten electromagnetic calorimeter (SiW-ECAL) was tested in a beam at DESY in 2017. The setup comprised seven layers of silicon sensors. Each layer comprised four sensors, with each sensor containing an array of 256 $5.5\times5.5$ mm$^2$ silicon PIN diodes. The four sensors covered a total area of $18\times18$ cm$^2$, and comprised a total of 1024 channels. The readout was split into a trigger line and a charge signal line. Key performance results for signal over noise for the two output lines are presented, together with a study of the uniformity of the detector response. Measurements of the response to electrons for the tungsten loaded version of the detector are also presented.

Published
2019
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12. Low power commissioning of an innovative laser beam circulator for inverse Compton scattering Gamma-ray source

Author

Ndiaye, Cheikh Fall, Cassou, Kevin, Cornebise, Patrick, Dupraz, Kevin, Douillet, Denis, Barillec, Titouan Le, Magueur, Christopher, Martens, Aurelien, Nutarelli, Daniele, Peinaud, Yann, Thiebault, Alice, Williams, Themis, Zomer, Fabian, Beaugerard, Nicolas, Lacrampe, Bastien, Rocipon, Hervé, Alesini, David, Cardelli, Fabio, Falone, Antonio, Franzini, Giovanni, Gallo, Alessandro, Piersanti, Luca, Petinacci, Valerio, Pioli, Stefano, Variola, Alessandro, Mostacci, Andrea, and Serafini, L.

Subjects
Physics - Accelerator Physics
Abstract

We report on the optical commissioning of the high power laser beam circulator (LBC) for the high brightness Compton {\gamma}-ray source Extreme Light Infrastructure for Nuclear Physics. Tests aiming at demonstrating the optical performances of the LBC have been realized with a low-power pulsed laser-beam system and without electron beam. We show that, with the developed alignment and synchronization methods coming from the LBC design study presented in the Dupraz et al. paper [1], the LBC enhances the laser-beam power available at the interaction point (IP) by a factor in excess of 25. This corresponds to a potential of bringing the average laser-beam power in excess of 1 kW when the LBC is injected with the interaction point laser-beam pulse energy of 400 mJ at 100 Hz., Comment: 26 pages, 37 figures

Published
2019
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13. JAK2V617F mutation drives vascular resident macrophages toward a pathogenic phenotype and promotes dissecting aortic aneurysm

Author

Rida Al-Rifai, Marie Vandestienne, Jean-Rémi Lavillegrand, Tristan Mirault, Julie Cornebise, Johanne Poisson, Ludivine Laurans, Bruno Esposito, Chloé James, Olivier Mansier, Pierre Hirsch, Fabrizia Favale, Rayan Braik, Camille Knosp, Jose Vilar, Giuseppe Rizzo, Alma Zernecke, Antoine-Emmanuel Saliba, Alain Tedgui, Maxime Lacroix, Lionel Arrive, Ziad Mallat, Soraya Taleb, Marc Diedisheim, Clément Cochain, Pierre-Emmanuel Rautou, and Hafid Ait-Oufella

Subjects
Science
Abstract

JAK2V617F mutation is associated with an increased risk for athero-thrombotic cardiovascular disease, but its role in aortic disease development remains unknown. Here, the authors show that JAK2V617F mutation drives vascular resident macrophages toward a pathogenic phenotype and promotes dissecting aortic aneurysm.

Published
2022
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14. Commissioning of the highly granular SiW-ECAL technological prototype

Author

Bilokin, S., Bonis, J., Cornebise, P., Gallas, A., Irles, A., Pöschl, R., Richard, F., Thiebault, A., Zerwas, D., Anduze, M., Balagura, V., Boudry, V., Brient, J-C., Edy, E., Fayolle, G., Frotin, M., Gastaldi, F., Lobanov, A., Magniette, F., Nanni, J., Rubio-Roy, M., Shpak, K., Videau, H., Yu, D., Callier, S., Dulucq, F., de la Taille, Ch., Seguin-Moreau, N., Augustin, J. E., Cornat, R., David, J., Ghislain, P., Lacour, D., Lavergne, L., Parraud, J. M., Kawagoe, K., Miura, Y., Sekiya, I., Suehara, T., Yamashiro, H., Yoshioka, T., Jeans, D., and Chai, J. S.

Subjects
Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Abstract

In this article we describe the commissioning and a first analysis of the the beam test performance of a small prototype of a highly granular silicon tungsten calorimeter. The prototype features detector elements with a channel number similar to that envisaged for e.g. the ILD Detector of the International Linear Collider (ILC). The analysis demonstrates the capability of the detector to record signals as low as 0.5 MIP. Further, no loss of performance has been observed when operating the detector in a high magnetic field.

Published
2018

15. Author Correction: JAK2V617F mutation drives vascular resident macrophages toward a pathogenic phenotype and promotes dissecting aortic aneurysm

Author

Al-Rifai, Rida, Vandestienne, Marie, Lavillegrand, Jean-Rémi, Mirault, Tristan, Cornebise, Julie, Poisson, Johanne, Laurans, Ludivine, Esposito, Bruno, James, Chloé, Mansier, Olivier, Hirsch, Pierre, Favale, Fabrizia, Braik, Rayan, Knosp, Camille, Vilar, Jose, Rizzo, Giuseppe, Zernecke, Alma, Saliba, Antoine-Emmanuel, Tedgui, Alain, Lacroix, Maxime, Arrive, Lionel, Mallat, Ziad, Taleb, Soraya, Diedisheim, Marc, Cochain, Clément, Rautou, Pierre-Emmanuel, and Ait-Oufella, Hafid

Published
2022
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16. JAK2V617F mutation drives vascular resident macrophages toward a pathogenic phenotype and promotes dissecting aortic aneurysm

Author

Al-Rifai, Rida, Vandestienne, Marie, Lavillegrand, Jean-Rémi, Mirault, Tristan, Cornebise, Julie, Poisson, Johanne, Laurans, Ludivine, Esposito, Bruno, James, Chloé, Mansier, Olivier, Hirsch, Pierre, Favale, Fabrizia, Braik, Rayan, Knosp, Camille, Vilar, Jose, Rizzo, Giuseppe, Zernecke, Alma, Saliba, Antoine-Emmanuel, Tedgui, Alain, Lacroix, Maxime, Arrive, Lionel, Mallat, Ziad, Taleb, Soraya, Diedisheim, Marc, Cochain, Clément, Rautou, Pierre-Emmanuel, and Ait-Oufella, Hafid

Published
2022
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17. Resistive Plate Chamber Digitization in a Hadronic Shower Environment

Author

Deng, Z., Li, Y., Wang, Y., Yue, Q., Yang, Z., Apostolakis, J., Folger, G., Grefe, C., Ivantchenko, V., Ribon, A., Uzhinskiy, V., Boumediene, D., Carloganu, C., Français, V., Cho, G., Kim, D-W., Lee, S. C., Park, W., Vallecorsa, S., Cauwenbergh, S., Tytgat, M., Pingault, A., Zaganidis, N., Brianne, E., Ebrahimi, A., Gadow, K., Göttlicher, P., Günter, C., Hartbrich, O., Hermberg, B., Irles, A., Krivan, F., Krüger, K., Kvasnicka, J., Lu, S., Lutz, B., Morgunov, V., Neubüser, C., Provenza, A., Reinecke, M., Sefkow, F., Schuwalow, S., Tran, H. L., Garutti, E., Laurien, S., Matysek, M., Ramilli, M., Schroeder, S., Bilki, B., Norbeck, E., Northacker, D., Onel, Y., Chang, S., Khan, A., Kim, D. H., Kong, D. J., Oh, Y. D., Kawagoe, K., Hirai, H., Sudo, Y., Suehara, T., Sumida, H., Yoshioka, T., Gil, E. Cortina, Mannai, S., Buridon, V., Combaret, C., Caponetto, L., Eté, R., Garillot, G., Grenier, G., Han, R., Ianigro, J. C., Kieffer, R., Laktineh, I., Lumb, N., Mathez, H., Mirabito, L., Petrukhin, A., Steen, A., Antequera, J. Berenguer, Alamillo, E. Calvo, Fouz, M. -C., Marin, J., Puerta-Pelayo, J., Verdugo, A., Chadeeva, M., Danilov, M., Gabriel, M., Goecke, P., Kiesling, C., vanderKolk, N., Simon, F., Szalay, M., Bilokin, S., Bonis, J., Cornebise, P., Richard, F., Pöschl, R., Rouëné, J., Thiebault, A., Zerwas, D., Anduze, M., Balagura, V., Belkadhi, K., Boudry, V., Brient, J-C., Cornat, R., Frotin, M., Gastaldi, F., Haddad, Y., Magniette, F., Ruan, M., Rubio-Roy, M., Shpak, K., Videau, H., Yu, D., Callier, S., di Lorenzo, S. Conforti, Dulucq, F., Martin-Chassard, G., de la Taille, Ch., Raux, L., Seguin-Moreau, N., Kotera, K., Ono, H., Takeshita, T., and Corriveau, F.

Subjects
Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract

The CALICE Semi-Digital Hadron Calorimeter (SDHCAL) technological prototype is a sampling calorimeter using Glass Resistive Plate Chamber detectors with a three-threshold readout as the active medium. This technology is one of the two options proposed for the hadron calorimeter of the International Large Detector for the International Linear Collider. The prototype was exposed to beams of muons, electrons and pions of different energies at the CERN Super Proton Synchrotron. To be able to study the performance of such a calorimeter in future experiments it is important to ensure reliable simulation of its response. In this paper we present our prototype simulation performed with GEANT4 and the digitization procedure achieved with an algorithm called SimDigital. A detailed description of this algorithm is given and the methods to determinate its parameters using muon tracks and electromagnetic showers are explained. The comparison with hadronic shower data shows a good agreement up to 50 GeV. Discrepancies are observed at higher energies. The reasons for these differences are investigated.

Published
2016
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18. DHCAL with Minimal Absorber: Measurements with Positrons

Author

The CALICE Collaboration, Freund, B., Neubüser, C., Repond, J., Schlereth, J., Xia, L., Dotti, A., Grefe, C., Ivantchenko, V., Antequera, J. Berenguer, Alamillo, E. Calvo, Fouz, M. -C., Marin, J., Puerta-Pelayo, J., Verdugo, A., Brianne, E., Ebrahimi, A., Gadow, K., Göttlicher, P., Günter, C., Hartbrich, O., Hermberg, B., Irles, A., Krivan, F., Krüger, K., Kvasnicka, J., Lu, S., Lutz, B., Morgunov, V., Provenza, A., Reinecke, M., Sefkow, F., Schuwalow, S., Tran, H. L., Garutti, E., Laurien, S., Matysek, M., Ramilli, M., Schroeder, S., Bilki, B., Norbeck, E., Northacker, D., Onel, Y., Cvach, J., Gallus, P., Havranek, M., Janata, M., Kovalcuk, M., Lednicky, D., Marcisovsky, M., Polak, I., Popule, J., Tomasek, L., Tomasek, M., Sicho, P., Smolik, J., Vrba, V., Zalesak, J., van Doren, B., Wilson, G. W., Kawagoe, K., Miyazaki, Y., Sudo, Y., Suehara, T., Tomita, T., Ueno, H., Yoshioka, T., Bilokin, S., Bonis, J., Cornebise, P., Pöschl, R., Richard, F., Thiebault, A., Zerwas, D., Hostachy, J. -Y., Morin, L., Besson, D., Chadeeva, M., Danilov, M., Markin, O., Popova, E., Gabriel, M., Goecke, P., Kiesling, C., van der Kolk, N., Simon, F., Szalay, M., Corriveau, F., Blazey, G. C., Dyshkant, A., Francis, K., Zutshi, V., Kotera, K., Ono, H., Takeshita, T., Ieki, S., Kamiya, Y., Ootani, W., Shibata, N., Jeans, D., Komamiya, S., and Nakanishi, H.

Subjects
Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Abstract

In special tests, the active layers of the CALICE Digital Hadron Calorimeter prototype, the DHCAL, were exposed to low energy particle beams, without being interleaved by absorber plates. The thickness of each layer corresponded approximately to 0.29 radiation lengths or 0.034 nuclear interaction lengths, defined mostly by the copper and steel skins of the detector cassettes. This paper reports on measurements performed with this device in the Fermilab test beam with positrons in the energy range of 1 to 10 GeV. The measurements are compared to simulations based on GEANT4 and a standalone program to emulate the detailed response of the active elements.

Published
2016
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19. Hadron shower decomposition in the highly granular CALICE analogue hadron calorimeter

Author

The CALICE Collaboration, Eigen, G., Price, T., Watson, N. K., Marshall, J. S., Thomson, M. A., Ward, D. R., Benchekroun, D., Hoummada, A., Khoulaki, Y., Apostolakis, J., Dotti, A., Folger, G., Ivantchenko, V., Ribon, A., Uzhinskiy, V., Hostachy, J. -Y., Morin, L., Brianne, E., Ebrahimi, A., Gadow, K., Göttlicher, P., Günter, C., Hartbrich, O., Hermberg, B., Irles, A., Krivan, F., Krüger, K., Kvasnicka, J., Lu, S., Lutz, B., Morgunov, V., Neubüser, C., Provenza, A., Reinecke, M., Sefkow, F., Schuwalow, S., Tran, H. L., Garutti, E., Laurien, S., Matysek, M., Ramilli, M., Schroeder, S., Briggl, K., Eckert, P., Munwes, Y., Schultz-Coulon, H. -Ch., Shen, W., Stamen, R., Bilki, B., Norbeck, E., Northacker, D., Onel, Y., van Doren, B., Wilson, G. W., Kawagoe, K., Hirai, H., Sudo, Y., Suehara, T., Sumida, H., Takada, S., Tomita, T., Yoshioka, T., Wing, M., Bonnevaux, A., Combaret, C., Caponetto, L., Grenier, G., Han, R., Ianigro, J. C., Kieffer, R., Laktineh, I., Lumb, N., Mathez, H., Mirabito, L., Steen, A., Antequera, J. Berenguer, Alamillo, E. Calvo, Fouz, M. -C., Marin, J., Puerta-Pelayo, J., Verdugo, A., Bobchenko, B., Markin, O., Novikov, E., Rusinov, V., Tarkovsky, E., Kirikova, N., Kozlov, V., Smirnov, P., Soloviev, Y., Besson, D., Buzhan, P., Chadeeva, M., Danilov, M., Drutskoy, A., Ilyin, A., Mironov, D., Mizuk, R., Popova, E., Gabriel, M., Goecke, P., Kiesling, C., van der Kolk, N., Simon, F., Szalay, M., Bilokin, S., Bonis, J., Cornebise, P., Pöschl, R., Richard, F., Thiebault, A., Zerwas, D., Anduze, M., Balagura, V., Becheva, E., Boudry, V., Brient, J-C., Cizel, J-B., Clerc, C., Cornat, R., Frotin, M., Gastaldi, F., Magniette, F., de Freitas, P. Mora, Musat, G., Pavy, S., Rubio-Roy, M., Ruan, M., Videau, H., Callier, S., Dulucq, F., Martin-Chassard, G., Raux, L., Seguin-Moreau, N., de la Taille, Ch., Cvach, J., Gallus, P., Havranek, M., Janata, M., Lednicky, D., Marcisovsky, M., Polak, I., Popule, J., Tomasek, L., Tomasek, M., Sicho, P., Smolik, J., Vrba, V., Zalesak, J., Kotera, K., Ono, H., Takeshita, T., Ieki, S., Kamiya, Y., Ootani, W., Shibata, N., Jeans, D., Komamiya, S., and Nakanishi, H.

Subjects
Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Abstract

The spatial development of hadronic showers in the CALICE scintillator-steel analogue hadron calorimeter is studied using test beam data collected at CERN and FNAL for single positive pions and protons with initial momenta in the range from 10 to 80 GeV/c. Both longitudinal and radial development of hadron showers are parametrised with two-component functions. The parametrisation is fit to test beam data and simulations using the QGSP_BERT and FTFP_BERT physics lists from Geant4 version 9.6. The parameters extracted from data and simulated samples are compared for the two types of hadrons. The response to pions and the ratio of the non-electromagnetic to the electromagnetic calorimeter response, h/e, are estimated using the extrapolation and decomposition of the longitudinal profiles., Comment: 38 pages, 19 figures, 5 tables; author list changed; submitted to JINST

Published
2016
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20. First results of the CALICE SDHCAL technological prototype

Author

Buridon, V., Combaret, C., Caponetto, L., Eté, R., Garillot, G., Grenier, G., Han, R., Ianigro, J. C., Kieffer, R., Laktineh, I., Lumb, N., Mathez, H., Mirabito, L., Petrukhin, A., Steen, A., Antequera, J. Berenguer, Alamillo, E. Calvo, Fouz, M. -C., Marin, J., Puerta-Pelayo, J., Verdugo, A., Gil, E. Cortina, Mannai, S., Cauwenbergh, S., Tytgat, M., Pingault, A., Zaganidis, N., Anduze, M., Balagura, V., Belkadhi, K., Boudry, V., Brient, J-C., Cornat, R., Frotin, M., Gastaldi, F., Haddad, Y., Ruan, M., Shpak, K., Videau, H., Yu, D., Callier, S., di Lorenzo, S. Conforti, Dulucq, F., Martin-Chassard, G., de la Taille, Ch., Raux, L., Seguin-Moreau, N., Boumediene, D., Carloganu, C., Français, V., Bonis, J., Bouquet, B., Cornebise, P., Doublet, Ph., Faucci-Giannelli, M., Frisson, T., Guilhem, G., Li, H., Richard, F., Pöschl, R., Rouëné, J., Wicek, F., Zhang, Z., Deng, Z., Li, Y., Wang, Y., Yue, Q., Yang, Z., Cho, G., Kim, D-W., Lee, S. C., Park, W., Vallecorsa, S., Brianne, E., Ebrahimi, A., Gadow, K., Göttlicher, P., Günter, C., Hartbrich, O., Hermberg, B., Irles, A., Krivan, F., Krüger, K., Kvasnicka, J., Lu, S., Lutz, B., Morgunov, V., Provenza, C. Neubüser A., Reinecke, M., Sefkow, F., Schuwalow, S., Tran, H. L., Garutti, E., Laurien, S., Matysek, M., Ramilli, M., Schroeder, S., Bilki, B., Norbeck, E., Northacker, D., Onel, Y., Kirikova, N., Kozlov, V., Smirnov, P., Soloviev, Y., Chadeeva, M., Danilov, M., Gabriel, M., Goecke, P., Kiesling, C., van der Kolk, N., Simon, F., Soldner, C., Szalay, M., Weuste, L., Jeans, D., Komamiya, S., Nakanishi, H., Benchekroun, D., Hoummada, A., and Khoulaki, Y.

Subjects
Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract

The CALICE Semi-Digital Hadronic Calorimeter (SDHCAL) prototype, built in 2011, was exposed to beams of hadrons, electrons and muons in two short periods in 2012 on two different beam lines of the CERN SPS. The prototype with its 48 active layers, made of Glass Resistive Plate Chambers and their embedded readout electronics, was run in triggerless and power-pulsing mode. The performance of the SDHCAL during the test beam was found to be very satisfactory with an efficiency exceeding 90% for almost all of the 48 active layers. A linear response (within 5%) and a good energy resolution are obtained for a large range of hadronic energies (5-80GeV) by applying appropriate calibration coefficients to the collected data for both the Digital (Binary) and the Semi-Digital (Multi-threshold) modes of the SDHCAL prototype. The Semi-Digital mode shows better performance at energies exceeding 30GeV

Published
2016
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21. Approximate Hubel-Wiesel Modules and the Data Structures of Neural Computation

Author

Leibo, Joel Z., Cornebise, Julien, Gómez, Sergio, and Hassabis, Demis

Subjects
Computer Science - Neural and Evolutionary Computing, Quantitative Biology - Neurons and Cognition
Abstract

This paper describes a framework for modeling the interface between perception and memory on the algorithmic level of analysis. It is consistent with phenomena associated with many different brain regions. These include view-dependence (and invariance) effects in visual psychophysics and inferotemporal cortex physiology, as well as episodic memory recall interference effects associated with the medial temporal lobe. The perspective developed here relies on a novel interpretation of Hubel and Wiesel's conjecture for how receptive fields tuned to complex objects, and invariant to details, could be achieved. It complements existing accounts of two-speed learning systems in neocortex and hippocampus (e.g., McClelland et al. 1995) while significantly expanding their scope to encompass a unified view of the entire pathway from V1 to hippocampus., Comment: 13 pages, 4 figures

Published
2015

22. In vacuum diamond sensor scanner for beam halo measurements in the beam line at the KEK Accelerator Test Facility

Author

Liu, Shan, Bogard, Frederic, Cornebise, Patrick, Faus-Golfe, Angeles, Fuster-Martínez, Nuria, Griesmayer, Erich, Guler, Hayg, Kubytskyi, Viacheslav, Sylvia, Christophe, Toshiaki, Tauchi, Terunuma, Nobuhiro, and Bambade, Philip

Subjects
Physics - Accelerator Physics, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Abstract

The investigation of beam halo transverse distributions is important for the understanding of beam losses and the control of backgrounds in Future Linear Colliders (FLC). A novel in vacuum diamond sensor (DSv) scanner with four strips has been designed and developed for the investigation of the beam halo transverse distributions and also for the diagnostics of Compton recoil electrons after the interaction point (IP) of ATF2, a low energy (1.3 GeV) prototype of the final focus system for the ILC and CLIC linear collider projects. Using the DSv, a dynamic range of $\sim10^6$ has been successfully demonstrated and confirmed for the first time by simultaneous beam core ($\sim10^9$ electrons) and beam halo ($\sim10^3$ electrons) measurements at ATF2. This report presents the characterization, performance studies and tests of the diamond sensors using an $\alpha$ source as well as using the electron beams at PHIL, a low energy ($< 10$ MeV) photo-injector at LAL, and at ATF2. First beam halo measurement results using the DSv at ATF2 with different beam intensities and vacuum levels are also presented. Such measurements not only allow one to evaluate the different sources of beam halo generation but also to define the requirements for a suitable collimation system to be installed at ATF2, as well as to optimize its performance during future operation.

Published
2015
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23. Shower development of particles with momenta from 15 GeV to 150 GeV in the CALICE scintillator-tungsten hadronic calorimeter

Author

The CALICE collaboration, Chefdeville, M., Karyotakis, Y., Repond, J., Schlereth, J., Xia, L., Eigen, G., Marshall, J. S., Thomson, M. A., Ward, D. R., Tehrani, N. Alipour, Apostolakis, J., Dannheim, D., Elsener, K., Folger, G., Grefe, C., Ivantchenko, V., Killenberg, M., Klempt, W., van der Kraaij, E., Linssen, L., Lucaci-Timoce, A. -I., Münnich, A., Poss, S., Ribon, A., Roloff, P., Sailer, A., Schlatter, D., Sicking, E., Strube, J., Uzhinskiy, V., Chang, S., Khan, A., Kim, D. H., Kong, D. J., Oh, Y. D., Blazey, G. C., Dyshkant, A., Francis, K., Zutshi, V., Giraud, J., Grondin, D., Hostachy, J. -Y., Brianne, E., Cornett, U., David, D., Falley, G., Gadow, K., Göttlicher, P., Günter, C., Hartbrich, O., Hermberg, B., Irles, A., Karstensen, S., Krivan, F., Krüger, K., Kvasnicka, J., Lu, S., Lutz, B., Morozov, S., Morgunov, V., Neubüser, C., Provenza, A., Reinecke, M., Sefkow, F., Smirnov, P., Terwort, M., Tran, H. L., Vargas-Trevino, A., Garutti, E., Laurien, S., Matysek, M., Ramilli, M., Schröder, S., Briggl, K., Eckert, P., Harion, T., Munwes, Y., Schultz-Coulon, H. -Ch., Shen, W., Stamen, R., Bilki, B., Onel, Y., Kawagoe, K., Hirai, H., Sudo, Y., Suehara, T., Sumida, H., Takada, S., Tomita, T., Yoshioka, T., Wing, M., Alamillo, E. Calvo, Fouz, M. -C., Marin, J., Puerta-Pelayo, J., Verdugo, A., Bobchenko, B., Chadeeva, M., Danilov, M., Markin, O., Mizuk, R., Novikov, E., Rusinov, V., Tarkovsky, E., Kirikova, N., Kozlov, V., Soloviev, Y., Besson, D., Buzhan, P., Popova, E., Gabriel, M., Kiesling, C., van der Kolk, N., Seidel, K., Simon, F., Soldner, C., Szalay, M., Tesar, M., Weuste, L., Amjad, M. S., Bonis, J., Cornebise, P., Richard, F., Pöschl, R., Rouëné, J., Thiebault, A., Anduze, M., Balagura, V., Boudry, V., Brient, J-C., Cizel, J-B., Cornat, R., Frotin, M., Gastaldi, F., Haddad, Y., Magniette, F., Nanni, J., Pavy, S., Rubio-Roy, M., Shpak, K., Tran, T. H., Videau, H., Yu, D., Callier, S., di Lorenzo, S. Conforti, Dulucq, F., Fleury, J., Martin-Chassard, G., de la Taille, Ch., Raux, L., Seguin-Moreau, N., Cvach, J., Gallus, P., Havranek, M., Janata, M., Kovalcuk, M., Lednicky, D., Marcisovsky, M., Polak, I., Popule, J., Tomasek, L., Tomasek, M., Ruzicka, P., Sicho, P., Smolik, J., Vrba, V., Zalesak, J., Ieki, S., Kamiya, Y., Ootani, W., Shibata, N., Chen, S., Jeans, D., Komamiya, S., Kozakai, C., Nakanishi, H., Götze, M., Sauer, J., Weber, S., and Zeitnitz, C.

Subjects
Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract

We present a study of showers initiated by electrons, pions, kaons, and protons with momenta from 15 GeV to 150 GeV in the highly granular CALICE scintillator-tungsten analogue hadronic calorimeter. The data were recorded at the CERN Super Proton Synchrotron in 2011. The analysis includes measurements of the calorimeter response to each particle type as well as measurements of the energy resolution and studies of the longitudinal and radial shower development for selected particles. The results are compared to Geant4 simulations (version 9.6.p02). In the study of the energy resolution we include previously published data with beam momenta from 1 GeV to 10 GeV recorded at the CERN Proton Synchrotron in 2010., Comment: 35 pages, 21 figures, 8 tables

Published
2015
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24. Weight Uncertainty in Neural Networks

Author

Blundell, Charles, Cornebise, Julien, Kavukcuoglu, Koray, and Wierstra, Daan

Subjects
Statistics - Machine Learning, Computer Science - Learning
Abstract

We introduce a new, efficient, principled and backpropagation-compatible algorithm for learning a probability distribution on the weights of a neural network, called Bayes by Backprop. It regularises the weights by minimising a compression cost, known as the variational free energy or the expected lower bound on the marginal likelihood. We show that this principled kind of regularisation yields comparable performance to dropout on MNIST classification. We then demonstrate how the learnt uncertainty in the weights can be used to improve generalisation in non-linear regression problems, and how this weight uncertainty can be used to drive the exploration-exploitation trade-off in reinforcement learning., Comment: In Proceedings of the 32nd International Conference on Machine Learning (ICML 2015)

Published
2015

25. Red Wine Extract Prevents Oxidative Stress and Inflammation in ARPE-19 Retinal Cells

Author

Clarisse Cornebise, Maude Perus, François Hermetet, Josep Valls-Fonayet, Tristan Richard, Virginie Aires, and Dominique Delmas

Subjects
polyphenol, red wine extract, resveratrol, AMD, oxidative stress, inflammation, Cytology, QH573-671
Abstract

Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is one of the most commonly occurring ocular diseases worldwide. This degenerative condition affects the retina and leads to the loss of central vision. The current treatments are focused on the late stage of the disease, but recent studies have highlighted the importance and benefits of preventive treatments and how good dietary habits can reduce the risk of progression to an advanced form of the disease. In this context, we studied whether resveratrol (RSV) or a polyphenolic cocktail, red wine extract (RWE), are able to prevent the initiating events of AMD (i.e., oxidative stress and inflammation) in human ARPE-19 retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells and macrophages. This study highlights that RWE and RSV can prevent hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) or 2,2′-Azobis(2-methylpropionamidine) dihydrochloride (AAPH)-induced oxidative stress and can subsequently prevent DNA damage via the inhibition of the ATM (ataxia telangiectasia-mutated)/Chk2 (checkpoint kinase 2) or Chk1 signaling pathways, respectively. Moreover, ELISA assays show that RWE and RSV can prevent the secretion of proinflammatory cytokines in RPE cells and in human macrophages. Interestingly, RWE exhibits a greater protective impact compared to RSV alone, even though RSV was more concentrated when used alone than in the red wine extract. Our results suggest that RWE and RSV may have potential interest as preventive nutritional supplementations against AMD.

Published
2023
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26. Use of deep learning to develop continuous-risk models for adverse event prediction from electronic health records

Author

Tomašev, Nenad, Harris, Natalie, Baur, Sebastien, Mottram, Anne, Glorot, Xavier, Rae, Jack W., Zielinski, Michal, Askham, Harry, Saraiva, Andre, Magliulo, Valerio, Meyer, Clemens, Ravuri, Suman, Protsyuk, Ivan, Connell, Alistair, Hughes, Cían O., Karthikesalingam, Alan, Cornebise, Julien, Montgomery, Hugh, Rees, Geraint, Laing, Chris, Baker, Clifton R., Osborne, Thomas F., Reeves, Ruth, Hassabis, Demis, King, Dominic, Suleyman, Mustafa, Back, Trevor, Nielson, Christopher, Seneviratne, Martin G., Ledsam, Joseph R., and Mohamed, Shakir

Published
2021
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27. Pion and proton showers in the CALICE scintillator-steel analogue hadron calorimeter

Author

The CALICE Collaboration, Bilki, B., Repond, J., Xia, L., Eigen, G., Thomson, M. A., Ward, D. R., Benchekroun, D., Hoummada, A., Khoulaki, Y., Chang, S., Khan, A., Kim, D. H., Kong, D. J., Oh, Y. D., Blazey, G. C., Dyshkant, A., Francis, K., Lima, J. G. R., Salcido, R., Zutshi, V., Salvatore, F., Kawagoe, K., Miyazaki, Y., Sudo, Y., Suehara, T., Tomita, T., Ueno, H., Yoshioka, T., Apostolakis, J., Dannheim, D., Folger, G., Ivantchenko, V., Klempt, W., Lucaci-Timoce, A. -I., Ribon, A., Schlatter, D., Sicking, E., Uzhinskiy, V., Giraud, J., Grondin, D., Hostachy, J. -Y., Morin, L., Brianne, E., Cornett, U., David, D., Ebrahimi, A., Falley, G., Gadow, K., Göttlicher, P., Günter, C., Hartbrich, O., Hermberg, B., Karstensen, S., Krivan, F., Krüger, K., Lu, S., Lutz, B., Morozov, S., Morgunov, V., Neubüser, C., Reinecke, M., Sefkow, F., Smirnov, P., Tran, H. L., Buhmann, P., Garutti, E., Laurien, S., Matysek, M., Ramilli, M., Briggl, K., Eckert, P., Harion, T., Munwes, Y., Schultz-Coulon, H. -Ch., Shen, W., Stamen, R., Norbeck, E., Northacker, D., Onel, Y., van Doren, B., Wilson, G. W., Wing, M., Combaret, C., Caponetto, L., Eté, R., Grenier, G., Han, R., Ianigro, J. C., Kieffer, R., Laktineh, I., Lumb, N., Mathez, H., Mirabito, L., Petrukhin, A., Steen, A., Antequera, J. Berenguer, Alamillo, E. Calvo, Fouz, M. -C., Marin, J., Puerta-Pelayo, J., Verdugo, A., Corriveau, F., Bobchenko, B., Chistov, R., Chadeeva, M., Danilov, M., Drutskoy, A., Epifantsev, A., Markin, O., Mironov, D., Mizuk, R., Novikov, E., Rusinov, V., Tarkovsky, E., Besson, D., Buzhan, P., Ilyin, A., Popova, E., Gabriel, M., Kiesling, C., van der Kolk, N., Simon, F., Soldner, C., Szalay, M., Tesar, M., Weuste, L., Amjad, M. S., Bonis, J., Callier, S., di Lorenzo, S. Conforti, Cornebise, P., Dulucq, F., Fleury, J., Frisson, T., Martin-Chassard, G., Pöschl, R., Raux, L., Richard, F., Rouëné, J., Seguin-Moreau, N., de la Taille, Ch., Anduze, M., Boudry, V., Brient, J-C., Clerc, C., Cornat, R., Frotin, M., Gastaldi, F., Matthieu, A., de Freitas, P. Mora, Musat, G., Ruan, M., Videau, H., Zacek, J., Cvach, J., Gallus, P., Havranek, M., Janata, M., Kvasnicka, J., Lednicky, D., Marcisovsky, M., Polak, I., Popule, J., Tomasek, L., Tomasek, M., Sicho, P., Smolik, J., Vrba, V., Zalesak, J., Jeans, D., and Weber, S.

Subjects
Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract

Showers produced by positive hadrons in the highly granular CALICE scintillator-steel analogue hadron calorimeter were studied. The experimental data were collected at CERN and FNAL for single particles with initial momenta from 10 to 80 GeV/c. The calorimeter response and resolution and spatial characteristics of shower development for proton- and pion-induced showers for test beam data and simulations using Geant4 version 9.6 are compared., Comment: 26 pages, 16 figures, JINST style, changes in the author list, typos corrected, new section added, figures regrouped. Accepted for publication in JINST

Published
2014
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28. Testing Hadronic Interaction Models using a Highly Granular Silicon-Tungsten Calorimeter

Author

The CALICE Collaboration, Bilki, B., Repond, J., Schlereth, J., Xia, L., Deng, Z., Li, Y., Wang, Y., Yue, Q., Yang, Z., Eigen, G., Mikami, Y., Price, T., Watson, N. K., Thomson, M. A., Ward, D. R., Benchekroun, D., Hoummada, A., Khoulaki, Y., Cârloganu, C., Chang, S., Khan, A., Kim, D. H., Kong, D. J., Oh, Y. D., Blazey, G. C., Dyshkant, A., Francis, K., Lima, J. G. R., Salcido, P., Zutshi, V., Boisvert, V., Green, B., Misiejuk, A., Salvatore, F., Kawagoe, K., Miyazaki, Y., Sudo, Y., Suehara, T., Tomita, T., Ueno, H., Yoshioka, T., Apostolakis, J., Folger, G., Ivantchenko, V., Ribon, A., Uzhinskiy, V., Cauwenbergh, S., Tytgat, M., Zaganidis, N., Hostachy, J. -Y., Morin, L., Gadow, K., Göttlicher, P., Günter, C., Krüger, K., Lutz, B., Reinecke, M., Sefkow, F., Feege, N., Garutti, E., Laurien, S., Lu, S., Marchesini, I., Matysek, M., Ramilli, M., Kaplan, A., Norbeck, E., Northacker, D., Onel, Y., Kim, E. J., van Doren, B., Wilson, G. W., Wing, M., Bobchenko, B., Chadeeva, M., Chistov, R., Danilov, M., Drutskoy, A., Epifantsev, A., Markin, O., Mizuk, R., Novikov, E., Popov, V., Rusinov, V., Tarkovsky, E., Besson, D., Popova, E., Gabriel, M., Kiesling, C., Simon, F., Soldner, C., Szalay, M., Tesar, M., Weuste, L., Amjad, M. S., Bonis, J., Callier, S., di Lorenzo, S. Conforti, Cornebise, P., Doublet, Ph., Dulucq, F., Faucci-Giannelli, M., Fleury, J., Frisson, T., Kégl, B., van der Kolk, N., Li, H., Martin-Chassard, G., Richard, F., de la Taille, Ch., Pöschl, R., Raux, L., Rouëné, J., Seguin-Moreau, N., Anduze, M., Balagura, V., Becheva, E., Boudry, V., Brient, J-C., Cornat, R., Frotin, M., Gastaldi, F., Magniette, F., Matthieu, A., de Freitas, P. Mora, Videau, H., Augustin, J-E., David, J., Ghislain, P., Lacour, D., Lavergne, L., Zacek, J., Cvach, J., Gallus, P., Havranek, M., Janata, M., Kvasnicka, J., Lednicky, D., Marcisovsky, M., Polak, I., Popule, J., Tomasek, L., Tomasek, M., Ruzicka, P., Sicho, P., Smolik, J., Vrba, V., Zalesak, J., Jeans, D., and Götze, M.

Subjects
Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract

A detailed study of hadronic interactions is presented using data recorded with the highly granular CALICE silicon-tungsten electromagnetic calorimeter. Approximately 350,000 selected negatively charged pion events at energies between 2 and 10 GeV have been studied. The predictions of several physics models available within the Geant4 simulation tool kit are compared to this data. A reasonable overall description of the data is observed; the Monte Carlo predictions are within 20% of the data, and for many observables much closer. The largest quantitative discrepancies are found in the longitudinal and transverse distributions of reconstructed energy., Comment: 28 pages, 24 figures, accepted for publication in NIM A

Published
2014
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29. The Time Structure of Hadronic Showers in highly granular Calorimeters with Tungsten and Steel Absorbers

Author

Adloff, C., Blaising, J. -J., Chefdeville, M., Drancourt, C., Gaglione, R., Geffroy, N., Karyotakis, Y., Koletsou, I., Prast, J., Repond, G. Vouters J., Schlereth, J., Baldolemar, L. Xia E., Li, J., Park, S. T., Sosebee, M., White, A. P., Yu, J., Eigen, G., Thomson, M. A., Ward, D. R., Benchekroun, D., Hoummada, A., Apostolakis, Y. Khoulaki J., Arfaoui, S., Benoit, M., Dannheim, D., Elsener, K., Folger, G., Grefe, C., Ivantchenko, V., Killenberg, M., Klempt, W., van der Kraaij, E., Linssen, L., Lucaci-Timoce, A. -I., Münnich, A., Poss, S., Ribon, A., Roloff, P., Sailer, A., Schlatter, D., Sicking, E., Strube, J., Uzhinskiy, V., Carloganu, C., Gay, P., Manen, S., Royer, L., Cornett, U., David, D., Ebrahimi, A., Falley, G., Feege, N., Gadow, K., Göttlicher, P., Günter, C., Hartbrich, O., Hermberg, B., Karstensen, S., Krivan, F., Krüger, K., Lu, S., Lutz, B., Morozov, S., Morgunov, V., Neubüser, C., Reinecke, M., Sefkow, F., Smirnov, P., Terwort, M., Fagot, A., Tytgat, M., Zaganidis, N., Hostachy, J. -Y., Morin, L., Garutti, E., Laurien, S., Marchesini, I., Matysek, M., Ramilli, M., Briggl, K., Eckert, P., Harion, T., Schultz-Coulon, H. -Ch., Shen, W., Stamen, R., Chang, S., Khan, A., Kim, D. H., Kong, D. J., Oh, Y. D., Bilki, B., Norbeck, E., Northacker, D., Onel, Y., Wilson, G. W., Kawagoe, K., Miyazaki, Y., Sudo, Y., Ueno, H., Yoshioka, T., Dauncey, P. D., Gil, E. Cortina, Mannai, S., Baulieu, G., Calabria, P., Caponetto, L., Combaret, C., Della Negra, R., Ete, R., Grenier, G., Han, R., Ianigro, J-C., Kieffer, R., Laktineh, I., Lumb, N., Mathez, H., Mirabito, L., Petrukhin, A., Steen, A., Tromeur, W., Donckt, M. Vander, Antequera, Y. Zoccarato J. Berenguer, Alamillo, E. Calvo, Fouz, M. -C., Puerta-Pelayo, J., Corriveau, F., Bobchenko, B., Chadeeva, M., Danilov, M., Epifantsev, A., Markin, O., Mizuk, R., Novikov, E., Rusinov, V., Tarkovsky, E., Kozlov, V., Soloviev, Y., Besson, D., Buzhan, P., Ilyin, A., Kantserov, V., Kaplin, V., Popova, E., Tikhomirov, V., Gabriel, M., Kiesling, C., Seidel, K., Simon, F., Soldner, C., Szalay, M., Tesar, M., Weuste, L., Amjad, M. S., Bonis, J., di Lorenzo, S. Conforti, Cornebise, P., Fleury, J., Frisson, T., van der Kolk, N., Richard, F., Pöschl, R., Rouene, J., Anduze, M., Balagura, V., Becheva, E., Boudry, V., Brient, J-C., Cornat, R., Frotin, M., Gastaldi, F., Guliyev, E., Haddad, Y., Magniette, F., Ruan, M., Tran, T. H., Videau, H., Callier, S., Dulucq, F., Martin-Chassard, G., de la Taille, Ch., Raux, L., Seguin-Moreau, N., Zacek, J., Cvach, J., Gallus, P., Havranek, M., Janata, M., Kvasnicka, J., Lednicky, D., Marcisovsky, M., Polak, I., Popule, J., Tomasek, L., Tomasek, M., Ruzicka, P., Sicho, P., Smolik, J., Vrba, V., Zalesak, J., Belhorma, ., Ghazlane, H., Kotera, K., Ono, H., Takeshita, T., Uozumi, S., Chai, J. S., Song, H. S., Lee, S. H., Götze, M., Sauer, J., Weber, S., and Zeitnitz, C.

Subjects
Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract

The intrinsic time structure of hadronic showers influences the timing capability and the required integration time of hadronic calorimeters in particle physics experiments, and depends on the active medium and on the absorber of the calorimeter. With the CALICE T3B experiment, a setup of 15 small plastic scintillator tiles read out with Silicon Photomultipliers, the time structure of showers is measured on a statistical basis with high spatial and temporal resolution in sampling calorimeters with tungsten and steel absorbers. The results are compared to GEANT4 (version 9.4 patch 03) simulations with different hadronic physics models. These comparisons demonstrate the importance of using high precision treatment of low-energy neutrons for tungsten absorbers, while an overall good agreement between data and simulations for all considered models is observed for steel., Comment: 24 pages including author list, 9 figures, published in JINST

Published
2014
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30. AI for social good: unlocking the opportunity for positive impact

Author

Nenad Tomašev, Julien Cornebise, Frank Hutter, Shakir Mohamed, Angela Picciariello, Bec Connelly, Danielle C. M. Belgrave, Daphne Ezer, Fanny Cachat van der Haert, Frank Mugisha, Gerald Abila, Hiromi Arai, Hisham Almiraat, Julia Proskurnia, Kyle Snyder, Mihoko Otake-Matsuura, Mustafa Othman, Tobias Glasmachers, Wilfried de Wever, Yee Whye Teh, Mohammad Emtiyaz Khan, Ruben De Winne, Tom Schaul, and Claudia Clopath

Subjects
Science
Abstract

The AI for Social Good movement aims to apply AI/ML tools to help in delivering on the United Nations’ sustainable development goals (SDGs). Here, the authors identify the challenges and propose guidelines for designing and implementing successful partnerships between AI researchers and application - domain experts.

Published
2020
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31. Performance of the first prototype of the CALICE scintillator strip electromagnetic calorimeter

Author

CALICE Collaboration, Francis, K., Repond, J., Schlereth, J., Smith, J., Xia, L., Baldolemar, E., Li, J., Park, S. T., Sosebee, M., White, A. P., Yu, J., Eigen, G., Mikami, Y., Watson, N. K., Thomson, M. A., Ward, D. R., Benchekroun, D., Hoummada, A., Khoulaki, Y., Apostolakis, J., Dotti, A., Folger, G., Ivantchenko, V., Ribon, A., Uzhinskiy, V., Carloganu, C., Gay, P., Manen, S., Royer, L., Tytgat, M., Zaganidis, N., Blazey, G. C., Dyshkant, A., Lima, J. G. R., Zutshi, V., Hostachy, J. -Y., Morin, L., Cornett, U., David, D., Ebrahimi, A., Falley, G., Gadow, K., Goettlicher, P., Guenter, C., Hartbrich, O., Hermberg, B., Karstensen, S., Krivan, F., Krueger, K., Lutz, B., Morozov, S., Morgunov, V., Neubueser, C., Reinecke, M., Sefkow, F., Smirnov, P., Terwort, M., Garutti, E., Laurien, S., Lu, S., Marchesini, I., Matysek, M., Ramilli, M., Briggl, K., Eckert, P., Harion, T., Schultz-Coulon, H. -Ch., Shen, W., Stamen, R., Bilki, B., Norbeck, E., Northacker, D., Onel, Y., Wilson, G. W., Kawagoe, K., Sudo, Y., Yoshioka, T., Dauncey, P. D., Wing, M., Salvatore, F., Gil, E. Cortina, Mannai, S., Baulieu, G., Calabria, P., Caponetto, L., Combaret, C., Della Negra, R., Grenier, G., Han, R., Ianigro, J-C., Kieffer, R., Laktineh, I., Lumb, N., Mathez, H., Mirabito, L., Petrukhin, A., Steen, A., Tromeur, W., Donckt, M. Vander, Zoccarato, Y., Alamillo, E. Calvo, Fouz, M. -C., Puerta-Pelayo, J., Corriveau, F., Bobchenko, B., Chadeeva, M., Danilov, M., Epifantsev, A., Markin, O., Mizuk, R., Novikov, E., Popov, V., Rusinov, V., Tarkovsky, E., Besson, D., Buzhan, P., Ilyin, A., Kantserov, V., Kaplin, V., Karakash, A., Popova, E., Tikhomirov, V., Kiesling, C., Seidel, K., Simon, F., Soldner, C., Weuste, L., Amjad, M. S., Bonis, J., Callier, S., di Lorenzo, S. Conforti, Cornebise, P., Doublet, Ph., Dulucq, F., Fleury, J., Frisson, T., van der Kolk, N., Li, H., Martin-Chassard, G., Richard, F., de la Taille, Ch., Poeschl, R., Raux, L., Rouene, J., Seguin-Moreau, N., Anduze, M., Balagura, V., Boudry, V., Brient, J-C., Cornat, R., Frotin, M., Gastaldi, F., Guliyev, E., Haddad, Y., Magniette, F., Musat, G., Ruan, M., Tran, T. H., Videau, H., Bulanek, B., Zacek, J., Cvach, J., Gallus, P., Havranek, M., Janata, M., Kvasnicka, J., Lednicky, D., Marcisovsky, M., Polak, I., Popule, J., Tomasek, L., Tomasek, M., Ruzicka, P., Sicho, P., Smolik, J., Vrba, V., Zalesak, J., Belhorma, B., Ghazlane, H., Kotera, K., Ono, H., Takeshita, T., Uozumi, S., Jeans, D., Chang, S., Khan, A., Kim, D. H., Kong, D. J., Oh, Y. D., Goetze, M., Sauer, J., Weber, S., and Zeitnitz, C.

Subjects
Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract

A first prototype of a scintillator strip-based electromagnetic calorimeter was built, consisting of 26 layers of tungsten absorber plates interleaved with planes of 45x10x3 mm3 plastic scintillator strips. Data were collected using a positron test beam at DESY with momenta between 1 and 6 GeV/c. The prototype's performance is presented in terms of the linearity and resolution of the energy measurement. These results represent an important milestone in the development of highly granular calorimeters using scintillator strip technology. This technology is being developed for a future linear collider experiment, aiming at the precise measurement of jet energies using particle flow techniques.

Published
2013
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32. Shower development of particles with momenta from 1 to 10 GeV in the CALICE Scintillator-Tungsten HCAL

Author

Adloff, C., Blaising, J. -J., Chefdeville, M., Drancourt, C., Gaglione, R., Geffroy, N., Karyotakis, Y., Koletsou, I., Prast, J., Vouters, G., Repond, J., Schlereth, J., Smith, J., Xia, L., Baldolemar, E., Li, J., Park, S. T., Sosebee, M., White, A. P., Yu, J., Eigen, G., Thomson, M. A., Ward, D. R., Benchekroun, D., Hoummada, A., Khoulaki, Y., Apostolakis, J., Dannheim, D., Dotti, A., Elsener, K., Folger, G., Grefe, C., Ivantchenko, V., Killenberg, M., Klempt, W., van der Kraaij, E., Lam, C. B., Linssen, L., Lucaci-Timoce, A. -I., Muennich, A., Poss, S., Ribon, A., Sailer, A., Schlatter, D., Strube, J., Uzhinskiy, V., Carloganu, C., Gay, P., Manen, S., Royer, L., Tytgat, M., Zaganidis, N., Blazey, G. C., Dyshkant, A., Lima, J. G. R., Zutshi, V., Hostachy, J. -Y., Morin, L., Cornett, U., David, D., Ebrahimi, A., Falley, G., Feege, N., Gadow, K., Goettlicher, P., Guenter, C., Hartbrich, O., Hermberg, B., Karstensen, S., Krivan, F., Krueger, K., Lu, S., Lutz, B., Morozov, S., Morgunov, V., Neubueser, C., Reinecke, M., Sefkow, F., Smirnov, P., Terwort, M., Garutti, E., Laurien, S., Marchesini, I., Matysek, M., Ramilli, M., Briggl, K., Eckert, P., Harion, T., Schultz-Coulon, H. -Ch., Shen, W., Stamen, R., Bilki, B., Norbeck, E., Northacker, D., Onel, Y., Wilson, G. W., Kawagoe, K., Sudo, Y., Yoshioka, T., Dauncey, P. D., Wing, M., Salvatore, F., Gil, E. Cortina, Mannai, S., Baulieu, G., Calabria, P., Caponetto, L., Combaret, C., Della Negra, R., Grenier, G., Han, R., Ianigro, J-C., Kieffer, R., Laktineh, I., Lumb, N., Mathez, H., Mirabito, L., Petrukhin, A., Steen, A., Tromeur, W., Donckt, M. Vander, Zoccarato, Y., Alamillo, E. Calvo, Fouz, M. -C., Puerta-Pelayo, J., Corriveau, F., Bobchenko, B., Chadeeva, M., Danilov, M., Epifantsev, A., Markin, O., Mizuk, R., Novikov, E., Popov, V., Rusinov, V., Tarkovsky, E., Kirikova, N., Kozlov, V., Soloviev, Y., Besson, D., Buzhan, P., Ilyin, A., Kantserov, V., Kaplin, V., Karakash, A., Popova, E., Tikhomirov, V., Kiesling, C., Seidel, K., Simon, F., Soldner, C., Szalay, M., Tesar, M., Weuste, L., Amjad, M. S., Bonis, J., Callier, S., di Lorenzo, S. Conforti, Cornebise, P., Doublet, Ph., Dulucq, F., Fleury, J., Frisson, T., van der Kolk, N., Li, H., Martin-Chassard, G., Richard, F., de la Taille, Ch., Poeschl, R., Raux, L., Rouene, J., Seguin-Moreau, N., Anduze, M., Balagura, V., Boudry, V., Brient, J-C., Cornat, R., Frotin, M., Gastaldi, F., Guliyev, E., Haddad, Y., Magniette, F., Musat, G., Ruan, M., Tran, T. H., Videau, H., Bulanek, B., Zacek, J., Cvach, J., Gallus, P., Havranek, M., Janata, M., Kvasnicka, J., Lednicky, D., Marcisovsky, M., Polak, I., Popule, J., Tomasek, L., Tomasek, M., Ruzicka, P., Sicho, P., Smolik, J., Vrba, V., Zalesak, J., Belhorma, B., Ghazlane, H., Kotera, K., Takeshita, T., Uozumi, S., Chang, S., Khan, A., Kim, D. H., Kong, D. J., Oh, Y. D., Goetze, M., Sauer, J., Weber, S., and Zeitnitz, C.

Subjects
Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Abstract

Lepton colliders are considered as options to complement and to extend the physics programme at the Large Hadron Collider. The Compact Linear Collider (CLIC) is an $e^+e^-$ collider under development aiming at centre-of-mass energies of up to 3 TeV. For experiments at CLIC, a hadron sampling calorimeter with tungsten absorber is proposed. Such a calorimeter provides sufficient depth to contain high-energy showers, while allowing a compact size for the surrounding solenoid. A fine-grained calorimeter prototype with tungsten absorber plates and scintillator tiles read out by silicon photomultipliers was built and exposed to particle beams at CERN. Results obtained with electrons, pions and protons of momenta up to 10 GeV are presented in terms of energy resolution and shower shape studies. The results are compared with several GEANT4 simulation models in order to assess the reliability of the Monte Carlo predictions relevant for a future experiment at CLIC., Comment: 28 pages, 23 figures, 3 tables

Published
2013
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33. Validation of GEANT4 Monte Carlo Models with a Highly Granular Scintillator-Steel Hadron Calorimeter

Author

Adloff, C., Blaha, J., Blaising, J. -J., Drancourt, C., Espargilière, A., Gaglione, R., Geffroy, N., Karyotakis, Y., Prast, J., Vouters, G., Francis, K., Repond, J., Schlereth, J., Smith, J., Xia, L., Baldolemar, E., Li, J., Park, S. T., Sosebee, M., White, A. P., Yu, J., Buanes, T., Eigen, G., Mikami, Y., Watson, N. K., Mavromanolakis, G., Thomson, M. A., Ward, D. R., Yan, W., Benchekroun, D., Hoummada, A., Khoulaki, Y., Apostolakis, J., Dotti, A., Folger, G., Ivantchenko, V., Uzhinskiy, V., Benyamna, M., Cârloganu, C., Fehr, F., Gay, P., Manen, S., Royer, L., Blazey, G. C., Dyshkant, A., Lima, J. G. R., Zutshi, V., Hostachy, J. -Y., Morin, L., Cornett, U., David, D., Falley, G., Gadow, K., Göttlicher, P., Günter, C., Hermberg, B., Karstensen, S., Krivan, F., Lucaci-Timoce, A. -I., Lu, S., Lutz, B., Morozov, S., Morgunov, V., Reinecke, M., Sefkow, F., Smirnov, P., Terwort, M., Vargas-Trevino, A., Feege, N., Garutti, E., Marchesinik, I., Ramilli, M., Eckert, P., Harion, T., Kaplan, A., Schultz-Coulon, H. -Ch., Shen, W., Stamen, R., Bilki, B., Norbeck, E., Onel, Y., Wilson, G. W., Kawagoe, K., Dauncey, P. D., Magnan, A. -M., Bartsch, V., Wing, M., Salvatore, F., Alamillo, E. Calvo, Fouz, M. -C., Puerta-Pelayo, J., Bobchenko, B., Chadeeva, M., Danilov, M., Epifantsev, A., Markin, O., Mizuk, R., Novikov, E., Popov, V., Rusinov, V., Tarkovsky, E., Kirikova, N., Kozlov, V., Soloviev, Y., Buzhan, P., Ilyin, A., Kantserov, V., Kaplin, V., Karakash, A., Popova, E., Tikhomirov, V., Kiesling, C., Seidel, K., Simon, F., Soldner, C., Szalay, M., Tesar, M., Weuste, L., Amjad, M. S., Bonis, J., Callier, S., di Lorenzo, S. Conforti, Cornebise, P., Doublet, Ph., Dulucq, F., Fleury, J., Frisson, T., van der Kolk, N., Li, H., Martin-Chassard, G., Richard, F., de la Taille, Ch., Pöschl, R., Raux, L., Rouëné, J., Seguin-Moreau, N., Anduze, M., Boudry, V., Brient, J-C., Jeans, D., de Freitas, P. Mora, Musat, G., Reinhard, M., Ruan, M., Videau, H., Bulanek, B., Zacek, J., Cvach, J., Gallus, P., Havranek, M., Janata, M., Kvasnicka, J., Lednicky, D., Marcisovsky, M., Polak, I., Popule, J., Tomasek, L., Tomasek, M., Ruzicka, P., Sicho, P., Smolik, J., Vrba, V., Zalesak, J., Belhorma, B., Ghazlane, H., Takeshita, T., Uozumi, S., Götze, M., Hartbrich, O., Sauer, J., Weber, S., and Zeitnitz, C.

Subjects
Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract

Calorimeters with a high granularity are a fundamental requirement of the Particle Flow paradigm. This paper focuses on the prototype of a hadron calorimeter with analog readout, consisting of thirty-eight scintillator layers alternating with steel absorber planes. The scintillator plates are finely segmented into tiles individually read out via Silicon Photomultipliers. The presented results are based on data collected with pion beams in the energy range from 8GeV to 100GeV. The fine segmentation of the sensitive layers and the high sampling frequency allow for an excellent reconstruction of the spatial development of hadronic showers. A comparison between data and Monte Carlo simulations is presented, concerning both the longitudinal and lateral development of hadronic showers and the global response of the calorimeter. The performance of several GEANT4 physics lists with respect to these observables is evaluated.

Published
2013
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34. Track segments in hadronic showers in a highly granular scintillator-steel hadron calorimeter

Author

CALICE Collaboration, Adloff, C., Blaising, J. -J., Chefdeville, M., Drancourt, C., Gaglione, R., Geffroy, N., Karyotakis, Y., Koletsou, I., Prast, J., Vouters, G., Francis, K., Repond, J., Schlereth, J., Smith, J., Xia, L., Baldolemar, E., Li, J., Park, S. T., Sosebee, M., White, A. P., Yu, J., Eigen, G., Mikami, Y., Watson, N. K., Mavromanolakis, G., Thomson, M. A., Ward, D. R., Yan, W., Benchekroun, D., Hoummada, A., Khoulaki, Y., Apostolakis, J., Dannheim, D., Dotti, A., Folger, G., Ivantchenko, V., Klempt, W., van der Kraaij, E., Lucaci-Timoce, A. -I., Ribon, A., Schlatter, D., Uzhinskiy, V., Carloganu, C., Gay, P., Manen, S., Royer, L., Tytgat, M., Zaganidis, N., Blazey, G. C., Dyshkant, A., Lima, J. G. R., Zutshi, V., Hostachy, J. -Y., Morin, L., Cornett, U., David, D., Falley, G., Gadow, K., Göttlicher, P., Günter, C., Hartbrich, O., Hermberg, B., Karstensen, S., Krivan, F., Krüger, K., Lu, S., Morozov, S., Morgunov, V., Reinecke, M., Sefkow, F., Smirnov, P., Terwort, M., Feege, N., Garutti, E., Laurien, S., Marchesini, I., Matysek, M., Ramilli, M., Briggl, K., Eckert, P., Harion, T., Schultz-Coulon, H. -Ch., Shen, W., Stamen, R., Bilki, B., Norbeck, E., Onel, Y., Wilson, G. W., Kawagoe, K., Sudo, Y., Yoshioka, T., Dauncey, P. D., Magnan, A. -M., Bartsch, V., Wing, M., Salvatore, F., Gil, E. Cortina, Mannai, S., Baulieu, G., Calabria, P., Caponetto, L., Combaret, C., Della Negra, R., Grenier, G., Han, R., Ianigro, J-C., Kieffer, R., Laktineh, I., Lumb, N., Mathez, H., Mirabito, L., Petrukhin, A., Steen, A., Tromeur, W., Donckt, M. Vander, Zoccarato, Y., Alamillo, E. Calvo, Fouz, M. -C., Puerta-Pelayo, J., Corriveau, F., Bobchenko, B., Chadeeva, M., Danilov, M., Epifantsev, A., Markin, O., Mizuk, R., Novikov, E., Popov, V., Rusinov, V., Tarkovsky, E., Kirikova, N., Kozlov, V., Soloviev, Y., Buzhan, P., Ilyin, A., Kantserov, V., Kaplin, V., Karakash, A., Popova, E., Tikhomirov, V., Kiesling, C., Seidel, K., Simon, F., Soldner, C., Szalay, M., Tesar, M., Weuste, L., Amjad, M. S., Bonis, J., Callier, S., di Lorenzo, S. Conforti, Cornebise, P., Doublet, Ph., Dulucq, F., Fleury, J., Frisson, T., van der Kolk, N., Li, H., Martin-Chassard, G., Richard, F., de la Taille, Ch., Pöschl, R., Raux, L., Rouene, J., Seguin-Moreau, N., Anduze, M., Balagura, V., Boudry, V., Brient, J-C., Cornat, R., Frotin, M., Gastaldi, F., Guliyev, E., Haddad, Y., Magniette, F., Musat, G., Ruan, M., Tran, T. H., Videau, H., Bulanek, B., Zacek, J., Cvach, J., Gallus, P., Havranek, M., Janata, M., Kvasnicka, J., Lednicky, D., Marcisovsky, M., Polak, I., Popule, J., Tomasek, L., Tomasek, M., Ruzicka, P., Sicho, P., Smolik, J., Vrba, V., Zalesak, J., Belhorma, B., Ghazlane, H., Kotera, K., Takeshita, T., Uozumi, S., Jeans, D., Götze, M., Sauer, J., Weber, S., and Zeitnitz, C.

Subjects
Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract

We investigate the three dimensional substructure of hadronic showers in the CALICE scintillator-steel hadronic calorimeter. The high granularity of the detector is used to find track segments of minimum ionising particles within hadronic showers, providing sensitivity to the spatial structure and the details of secondary particle production in hadronic cascades. The multiplicity, length and angular distribution of identified track segments are compared to GEANT4 simulations with several different shower models. Track segments also provide the possibility for in-situ calibration of highly granular calorimeters., Comment: 27 pages, 17 figures, accepted for publication in JINST

Published
2013

35. Author Correction: JAK2V617F mutation drives vascular resident macrophages toward a pathogenic phenotype and promotes dissecting aortic aneurysm

Author

Rida Al-Rifai, Marie Vandestienne, Jean-Rémi Lavillegrand, Tristan Mirault, Julie Cornebise, Johanne Poisson, Ludivine Laurans, Bruno Esposito, Chloé James, Olivier Mansier, Pierre Hirsch, Fabrizia Favale, Rayan Braik, Camille Knosp, Jose Vilar, Giuseppe Rizzo, Alma Zernecke, Antoine-Emmanuel Saliba, Alain Tedgui, Maxime Lacroix, Lionel Arrive, Ziad Mallat, Soraya Taleb, Marc Diedisheim, Clément Cochain, Pierre-Emmanuel Rautou, and Hafid Ait-Oufella

Subjects
Science
Published
2022
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36. Tannic Acid, A Hydrolysable Tannin, Prevents Transforming Growth Factor-β-Induced Epithelial–Mesenchymal Transition to Counteract Colorectal Tumor Growth

Author

Mahassen Barboura, Clarisse Cornebise, François Hermetet, Abderrahmane Guerrache, Mouna Selmi, Abir Salek, Leila Chekir-Ghedira, Virginie Aires, and Dominique Delmas

Subjects
polyphenol, tannic acid, colon cancer, EMT, chemoprevention, Cytology, QH573-671
Abstract

Despite the medico-surgical progress that has been made in the management of patients with colorectal cancer (CRC), the prognosis at five years remains poor. This resistance of cancer cells partly results from their phenotypic characteristics in connection with the epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT). In the present study, we have explored the ability of a polyphenol, tannic acid (TA), to counteract CRC cell proliferation and invasion through an action on the EMT. We highlight that TA decreases human SW480 and SW620 CRC cell and murine CT26 CRC cell viability, and TA inhibits their adhesion in the presence of important factors comprising the extracellular matrix, particularly in the presence of collagen type I and IV, and fibronectin. Moreover, these properties were associated with TA’s ability to disrupt CRC cell migration and invasion, which are induced by transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β), as evidence in the video microscopy experiments showing that TA blocks the TGF-β1-induced migration of SW480 and CT26 cells. At the molecular level, TA promotes a reversal of the epithelial–mesenchymal transition by repressing the mesenchymal markers (i.e., Slug, Snail, ZEB1, and N-cadherin) and re-expressing the epithelial markers (i.e., E-cadherin and β-catenin). These effects could result from a disruption of the non-canonical signaling pathway that is induced by TGF-β1, where TA strongly decreases the phosphorylation of extracellular-signal regulated kinase ERK1/2, P38 and the AKT proteins that are well known to contribute to the EMT, the cell motility, and the acquisition of invasive properties by tumor cells. Very interestingly, a preclinical study of mice with subcutaneous murine tumor colon CT26 cells has shown that TA was able to significantly delay the growth of tumors without hepato- and nephrotoxicities.

Published
2022
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37. Hadronic energy resolution of a highly granular scintillator-steel hadron calorimeter using software compensation techniques

Author

CALICE Collaboration, Adloff, C., Blaha, J., Blaising, J. -J., Drancourt, C., Espargilière, A., Gaglione, R., Geffroy, N., Karyotakis, Y., Prast, J., Vouters, G., Francis, K., Repond, J., Smith, J., Xia, L., Baldolemar, E., Li, J., Park, S. T., Sosebee, M., White, A. P., Yu, J., Buanes, T., Eigen, G., Mikami, Y., Watson, N. K., Goto, T., Mavromanolakis, G., Thomson, M. A., Ward, D. R., Yan, W., Benchekroun, D., Hoummada, A., Khoulaki, Y., Benyamna, M., Cârloganu, C., Fehr, F., Gay, P., Manen, S., Royer, L., Blazey, G. C., Dyshkant, A., Lima, J. G. R., Zutshi, V., Hostachy, J. -Y., Morin, L., Cornett, U., David, D., Falley, G., Gadow, K., Göttlicher, P., Günter, C., Hermberg, B., Karstensen, S., Krivan, F., Lucaci-Timoce, A. -I., Lu, S., Lutz, B., Morozov, S., Morgunov, V., Reinecke, M., Sefkow, F., Smirnov, P., Terwort, M., Vargas-Trevino, A., Feege, N., Garutti, E., Marchesini, I., Ramilli, M., Eckert, P., Harion, T., Kaplan, A., Schultz-Coulon, H. -Ch., Shen, W., Stamen, R., Tadday, A., Bilki, B., Norbeck, E., Onel, Y., Wilson, G. W., Kawagoe, K., Dauncey, P. D., Magnan, A. -M., Wing, M., Salvatore, F., Alamillo, E. Calvo, Fouz, M. -C., Puerta-Pelayo, J., Balagura, V., Bobchenko, B., Chadeeva, M., Danilov, M., Epifantsev, A., Markin, O., Mizuk, R., Novikov, E., Rusinov, V., Tarkovsky, E., Kirikova, N., Kozlov, V., Soloviev, Y., Buzhan, P., Dolgoshein, B., Ilyin, A., Kantserov, V., Kaplin, V., Karakash, A., Popova, E., Smirnov, S., Kiesling, C., Pfau, S., Seidel, K., Simon, F., Soldner, C., Szalay, M., Tesar, M., Weuste, L., Bonis, J., Bouquet, B., Callier, S., Cornebise, P., Doublet, Ph., Dulucq, F., Giannelli, M. Faucci, Fleury, J., Li, H., Martin-Chassard, G., Richard, F., de la Taille, Ch., Pöschl, R., Raux, L., Seguin-Moreau, N., Wicek, F., Anduze, M., Boudry, V., Brient, J-C., Jeans, D., de Freitas, P. Mora, Musat, G., Reinhard, M., Ruan, M., Videau, H., Bulanek, B., Zacek, J., Cvach, J., Gallus, P., Havranek, M., Janata, M., Kvasnicka, J., Lednicky, D., Marcisovsky, M., Polak, I., Popule, J., Tomasek, L., Tomasek, M., Ruzicka, P., Sicho, P., Smolik, J., Vrba, V., Zalesak, J., Belhorma, B., Ghazlane, H., Takeshita, T., Uozumi, S., Sauer, J., Weber, S., and Zeitnitz, C.

Subjects
Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract

The energy resolution of a highly granular 1 m3 analogue scintillator-steel hadronic calorimeter is studied using charged pions with energies from 10 GeV to 80 GeV at the CERN SPS. The energy resolution for single hadrons is determined to be approximately 58%/sqrt(E/GeV}. This resolution is improved to approximately 45%/sqrt(E/GeV) with software compensation techniques. These techniques take advantage of the event-by-event information about the substructure of hadronic showers which is provided by the imaging capabilities of the calorimeter. The energy reconstruction is improved either with corrections based on the local energy density or by applying a single correction factor to the event energy sum derived from a global measure of the shower energy density. The application of the compensation algorithms to Geant4 simulations yield resolution improvements comparable to those observed for real data., Comment: 26 pages, 14 figures

Published
2012
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38. Infrastructure for Detector Research and Development towards the International Linear Collider

Author

Aguilar, J., Ambalathankandy, P., Fiutowski, T., Idzik, M., Kulis, Sz., Przyborowski, D., Swientek, K., Bamberger, A., Köhli, M., Lupberger, M., Renz, U., Schumacher, M., Zwerger, Andreas, Calderone, A., Cussans, D. G., Heath, H. F., Mandry, S., Page, R. F., Velthuis, J. J., Attié, D., Calvet, D., Colas, P., Coppolani, X., Degerli, Y., Delagnes, E., Gelin, M., Giomataris, I., Lutz, P., Orsini, F., Rialot, M., Senée, F., Wang, W., Alozy, J., Apostolakis, J., Aspell, P., Bergsma, F., Campbell, M., Formenti, F., Santos, H. Franca, Garcia, E. Garcia, de Gaspari, M., Giudice, P. -A., Grefe, Ch., Grichine, V., Hauschild, M., Ivantchenko, V., Kehrli, A., Kloukinas, K., Linssen, L., Cudie, X. Llopart, Marchioro, A., Musa, L., Ribon, A., Trampitsch, G., Uzhinskiy, V., Anduze, M., Beyer, E., Bonnemaison, A., Boudry, V., Brient, J. -C., Cauchois, A., Clerc, C., Cornat, R., Frotin, M., Gastaldi, F., Jauffret, C., Jeans, D., Karar, A., Mathieu, A., de Freitas, P. Mora, Musat, G., Rougé, A., Ruan, M., Vanel, J. -C., Videau, H., Besson, A., de Masi, G. Claus. R., Doziere, G., Dulinski, W., Goffe, M., Himmi, A., Hu-Guo, Ch., Morel, F., Valin, I., Winter, M., Bonis, J., Callier, S., Cornebise, P., Dulucq, F., Giannelli, M. Faucci, Fleury, J., Guilhem, G., Martin-Chassard, G., de la Taille, Ch., Pöschl, R., Raux, L., Seguin-Moreau, N., Wicek, F., Benyamna, M., Bonnard, J., Cârloganu, C., Fehr, F., Gay, P., Mannen, S., Royer, L., Charpy, A., Da Silva, W., David, J., Dhellot, M., Imbault, D., Ghislain, P., Kapusta, F., Pham, T. Hung, Savoy-Navarro, A., Sefri, R., Dzahini, D., Giraud, J., Grondin, D., Hostachy, J. -Y., Morin, L., Bassignana, D., Pellegrini, G., Lozano, M., Quirion, D., Fernandez, M., Jaramillo, R., Munoz, F. J., Vila, I., Dolezal, Z., Drasal, Z., Kodys, P., Kvasnicka, P., Aplin, S., Bachynska, O., Behnke, T., Behr, J., Dehmelt, K., Engels, J., Gadow, K., Gaede, F., Garutti, E., Göttlicher, P., Gregor, I. -M., Haas, T., Henschel, H., Koetz, U., Lange, W., Libov, V., Lohmann, W., Lutz, B., Mnich, J., Muhl, C., Ohlerich, M., Potylitsina-Kube, N., Prahl, V., Reinecke, M., Roloff, P., Rosemann, Ch., Rubinski, Igor, Schade, P., Schuwalov, S., Sefkow, F., Terwort, M., Volkenborn, R., Kalliopuska, J., Mehtaelae, P., Orava, R., van Remortel, N., Cvach, J., Janata, M., Kvasnicka, J., Marcisovsky, M., Polak, I., Sicho, P., Smolik, J., Vrba, V., Zalesak, J., Bergauer, T., Dragicevic, M., Friedl, M., Haensel, S., Irmler, C., Kiesenhofer, W., Krammer, M., Valentan, M., Piemontese, L., Cotta-Ramusino, A., Bulgheroni, A., Jastrzab, M., Caccia, M., Re, V., Ratti, L., Traversi, G., Dewulf, J. -P., Janssen, X., De Lentdecker, G., Yang, Y., Bryngemark, L., Christiansen, P., Gross, P., Jönsson, L., Ljunggren, M., Lundberg, B., Mjörnmark, U., Oskarsson, A., Richert, T., Stenlund, E., Österman, L., Rummel, S., Richter, R., Andricek, L., Ninkovich, J., Koffmane, Ch., Moser, H. -G., Boisvert, V., Green, B., Green, M. G., Misiejuk, A., Wu, T., Bilevych, Y., Carballo, V. M. Blanco, Chefdeville, M., de Nooij, L., Fransen, M., Hartjes, F., van der Graaf, H., Timmermans, J., Abramowicz, H., Ben-Hamu, Y., Jikhleb, I., Kananov, S., Levy, A., Levy, I., Sadeh, I., Schwartz, R., Stern, A., Goodrick, M. J., Hommels, L. B. A., Ward, R. Shaw. D. R., Daniluk, W., Kielar, E., Kotula, J., Moszczynski, A., Oliwa, K., Pawlik, B., Wierba, W., Zawiejski, L., Bailey, D. S., Kelly, M., Eigen, G., Brezina, Ch., Desch, K., Furletova, J., Kaminski, J., Killenberg, M., Köckner, F., Krautscheid, T., Krüger, H., Reuen, L., Wienemann, P., Zimmermann, R., Zimmermann, S., Bartsch, V., Postranecky, M., Warren, M., Wing, M., Corrin, E., Haas, D., Pohl, M., Diener, R., Fischer, P., Peric, I., Kaukher, A., Schäfer, O., Schröder, H., Wurth, R., and Zarnecki, A. F.

Subjects
Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract

The EUDET-project was launched to create an infrastructure for developing and testing new and advanced detector technologies to be used at a future linear collider. The aim was to make possible experimentation and analysis of data for institutes, which otherwise could not be realized due to lack of resources. The infrastructure comprised an analysis and software network, and instrumentation infrastructures for tracking detectors as well as for calorimetry., Comment: 54 pages, 48 pictures

Published
2012

39. Some discussions of D. Fearnhead and D. Prangle's Read Paper 'Constructing summary statistics for approximate Bayesian computation: semi-automatic approximate Bayesian computation'

Author

Andrieu, Christophe, Barthelme, Simon, Chopin, Nicolas, Cornebise, Julien, Doucet, Arnaud, Girolami, Mark, Kosmidis, Ioannis, Jasra, Ajay, Lee, Anthony, Marin, Jean-Michel, Pudlo, Pierre, Robert, Christian P., Sedki., Mohammed, and Singh, Sumeetpal S.

Subjects
Statistics - Methodology, Statistics - Computation
Abstract

This report is a collection of comments on the Read Paper of Fearnhead and Prangle (2011), to appear in the Journal of the Royal Statistical Society Series B, along with a reply from the authors., Comment: 10 pages

Published
2012

40. Production of gamma rays by pulsed laser beam Compton scattering off GeV-electrons using a non-planar four-mirror optical cavity

Author

Akagi, T., Araki, S., Bonis, J., Chaikovska, I., Chiche, R., Cizeron, R., Cohen, M., Cormier, E., Cornebise, P., Delerue, N., Flaminio, R., Funahashi, S., Jehanno, D., Honda, Y., Labaye, F., Lacroix, M., Marie, R., Michel, C., Miyoshi, S., Nagata, S., Omori, T., Peinaud, Y., Pinard, L., Shimizu, H., Soskov, V., Takahashi, T., Tanaka, R., Terunuma, T., Urakawa, J., Variola, A., and Zomer, F.

Subjects
Physics - Accelerator Physics
Abstract

As part of the positron source R&D for future $e^+-e^-$ colliders and Compton based compact light sources, a high finesse non-planar four-mirror Fabry-Perot cavity has recently been installed at the ATF (KEK, Tsukuba, Japan). The first measurements of the gamma ray flux produced with a such cavity using a pulsed laser is presented here. We demonstrate the production of a flux of 2.7 $\pm$ 0.2 gamma rays per bunch crossing ($\sim3\times10^6$ gammas per second) during the commissioning.

Published
2011
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41. Non-planar four-mirror optical cavity for high intensity gamma ray flux production by pulsed laser beam Compton scattering off GeV-electrons

Author

Bonis, J., Chiche, R., Cizeron, R., Cohen, M., Cormier, E., Cornebise, P., Delerue, N., Flaminio, R., Jehanno, D., Labaye, F., Lacroix, M., Marie, R., Mercier, B., Michel, C., Peinaud, Y., Pinard, L., Prevost, C., Soskov, V., Variola, A., and Zomer, F.

Subjects
Physics - Accelerator Physics, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Abstract

As part of the R&D toward the production of high flux of polarised Gamma-rays we have designed and built a non-planar four-mirror optical cavity with a high finesse and operated it at a particle accelerator. We report on the main challenges of such cavity, such as the design of a suitable laser based on fiber technology, the mechanical difficulties of having a high tunability and a high mechanical stability in an accelerator environment and the active stabilization of such cavity by implementing a double feedback loop in a FPGA.

Published
2011
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42. High flux polarized gamma rays production: first measurements with a four-mirror cavity at the ATF

Author

Delerue, Nicolas, Bonis, J., Chaikovska, Iryna, Chiche, R., Cizeron, R., Cohen, M., Colin, J., Cornebise, P., Jehanno, D., Labaye, F., Lacroix, M., Marie, R., Peinaud, Y., Soskov, V., Variola, A., Zomer, F., Cormier, E., Flaminio, R., Pinard, L., Araki, S., Funahashi, S., Honda, Y., Omori, T., Shimizu, H., Terunuma, T., Urakawa, J., Akagi, T., Miyoshi, S., Nagata, S., and Takahashi, T.

Subjects
Physics - Accelerator Physics
Abstract

The next generation of e+/e- colliders will require a very intense flux of gamma rays to allow high current polarized positrons to be produced. This can be achieved by converting polarized high energy photons in polarized pairs into a target. In that context, an optical system consisting of a laser and a four-mirror passive Fabry-Perot cavity has recently been installed at the Accelerator Test Facility (ATF) at KEK to produce a high flux of polarized gamma rays by inverse Compton scattering. In this contribution, we describe the experimental system and present preliminary results. An ultra-stable four-mirror non planar geometry has been implemented to ensure the polarization of the gamma rays produced. A fiber amplifier is used to inject about 10W in the high finesse cavity with a gain of 1000. A digital feedback system is used to keep the cavity at the length required for the optimal power enhancement. Preliminary measurements show that a flux of about $4\times10^6 \gamma$/s with an average energy of about 24 MeV was generated. Several upgrades currently in progress are also described.

Published
2011

43. Adaptive Markov Chain Monte Carlo Forward Simulation for Statistical Analysis in Epidemic Modelling of Human Papillomavirus

Author

Korostil, Igor A., Peters, Gareth W., Cornebise, Julien, and Regan, David G.

Subjects
Statistics - Applications, Statistics - Computation
Abstract

We develop a Bayesian statistical model and estimation methodology based on Forward Projection Adaptive Markov chain Monte Carlo in order to perform the calibration of a high-dimensional non-linear system of Ordinary Differential Equations representing an epidemic model for Human Papillomavirus types 6 and 11 (HPV-6, HPV-11). The model is compartmental and involves stratification by age, gender and sexual activity-group. Developing this model and a means to calibrate it efficiently is relevant since HPV is a very multi-typed and common sexually transmitted infection with more than 100 types currently known. The two types studied in this paper, types 6 and 11, are causing about 90% of anogenital warts. We extend the development of a sexual mixing matrix for the population, based on a formulation first suggested by Garnett and Anderson. In particular we consider a stochastic mixing matrix framework which allows us to jointly estimate unknown attributes and parameters of the mixing matrix along with the parameters involved in the calibration of the HPV epidemic model. This matrix describes the sexual interactions between members of the population under study and relies on several quantities which are a-priori unknown. The Bayesian model developed allows one to estimate jointly the HPV-6 and HPV-11 epidemic model parameters such as the probability of transmission, HPV incubation period, duration of infection, duration of genital warts treatment, duration of immunity, the probability of seroconversion, per gender, age-group and sexual activity-group, as well as unknown sexual mixing matrix parameters related to assortativity. We conclude with simulation studies on synthetic and actual data from studies undertaken recently in Australia.

Published
2011

44. Adaptive sequential Monte Carlo by means of mixture of experts

Author

Cornebise, J., Moulines, E., and Olsson, J.

Subjects
Statistics - Methodology, Statistics - Computation, Statistics - Machine Learning
Abstract

Appropriately designing the proposal kernel of particle filters is an issue of significant importance, since a bad choice may lead to deterioration of the particle sample and, consequently, waste of computational power. In this paper we introduce a novel algorithm adaptively approximating the so-called optimal proposal kernel by a mixture of integrated curved exponential distributions with logistic weights. This family of distributions, referred to as mixtures of experts, is broad enough to be used in the presence of multi-modality or strongly skewed distributions. The mixtures are fitted, via online-EM methods, to the optimal kernel through minimisation of the Kullback-Leibler divergence between the auxiliary target and instrumental distributions of the particle filter. At each iteration of the particle filter, the algorithm is required to solve only a single optimisation problem for the whole particle sample, yielding an algorithm with only linear complexity. In addition, we illustrate in a simulation study how the method can be successfully applied to optimal filtering in nonlinear state-space models., Comment: 24 pages, 9 figures, under revision

Published
2011

45. On optimality of kernels for approximate Bayesian computation using sequential Monte Carlo

Author

Filippi, Sarah, Barnes, Chris, Cornebise, Julien, and Stumpf, Michael P. H.

Subjects
Statistics - Computation
Abstract

Approximate Bayesian computation (ABC) has gained popularity over the past few years for the analysis of complex models arising in population genetic, epidemiology and system biology. Sequential Monte Carlo (SMC) approaches have become work horses in ABC. Here we discuss how to construct the perturbation kernels that are required in ABC SMC approaches, in order to construct a set of distributions that start out from a suitably defined prior and converge towards the unknown posterior. We derive optimality criteria for different kernels, which are based on the Kullback-Leibler divergence between a distribution and the distribution of the perturbed particles. We will show that for many complicated posterior distributions, locally adapted kernels tend to show the best performance. In cases where it is possible to estimate the Fisher information we can construct particularly efficient perturbation kernels. We find that the added moderate cost of adapting kernel functions is easily regained in terms of the higher acceptance rate. We demonstrate the computational efficiency gains in a range of toy-examples which illustrate some of the challenges faced in real-world applications of ABC, before turning to two demanding parameter inference problem in molecular biology, which highlight the huge increases in efficiency that can be gained from choice of optimal models. We conclude with a general discussion of rational choice of perturbation kernels in ABC SMC settings.

Published
2011

46. Electromagnetic response of a highly granular hadronic calorimeter

Author

Adloff, C., Blaha, J., Blaising, J. -J., Drancourt, C., Espargilière, A., Gaglione, R., Geffroy, N., Karyotakis, Y., Prast, J., Vouters, G., Francis, K., Repond, J., Smith, J., Xia, L., Baldolemar, E., Li, J., Park, S. T., Sosebee, M., White, A. P., Yu, J., Mikami, Y., Goto, N. K. Watson T., Mavromanolakis, G., Thomson, M. A., Yan, D. R. Ward W., Benyamna, M., Cârloganu, C., Fehr, F., Gay, P., Manen, S., Royer, L., Blazey, G. C., Dyshkant, A., Lima, J. G. R., Zutshi, V., Hostachy, J. -Y., Morin, L., Cornett, U., David, D., Fabbri, R., Falley, G., Gadow, K., Garutti, E., Göttlicher, P., Günter, C., Karstensen, S., Krivan, F., Lucaci-Timoce, A. -I., Lu, S., Lutz, B., Marchesini, I., Meyer, N., Morozov, S., Morgunov, V., Reinecke, M., Sefkow, F., Smirnov, P., Terwort, M., Vargas-Trevino, A., Wattimena, N., Wendt, O., Feege, N., Haller, J., Richter, S., Eckert, J. Samson P., Kaplan, A., Schultz-Coulon, H. -Ch., Shen, W., Stamen, R., Tadday, A., Bilki, B., Norbeck, E., Onel, Y., Wilson, G. W., Kawagoe, K., Uozumi, S., Ballin, J. A., Dauncey, P. D., Magnan, A. -M., Yilmaz, H. S., Zorba, O., Bartsch, V., Postranecky, M., Warren, M., Wing, M., Salvatore, F., Alamillo, E. Calvo, Fouz, M. -C., Puerta-Pelayo, J., Balagura, V., Bobchenko, B., Chadeeva, M., Danilov, M., Epifantsev, A., Markin, O., Mizuk, R., Novikov, E., Rusinov, V., Tarkovsky, E., Soloviev, Y., Kozlov, V., Buzhan, P., Dolgoshein, B., Ilyin, A., Kantserov, V., Kaplin, V., Karakash, A., Popova, E., Smirnov, S., Frey, A., Kiesling, C., Seidel, K., Simon, F., Soldner, C., Weuste, L., Bonis, J., Bouquet, B., Callier, S., Cornebise, P., Doublet, Ph., Dulucq, F., Giannelli, M. Faucci, Fleury, J., Guilhem, G., Li, H., Martin-Chassard, G., Richard, F., de la Taille, Ch., Pöschl, R., Raux, L., Seguin-Moreau, N., Wicek, F., Anduze, M., Boudry, V., Brient, J-C., Jeans, D., de Freitas, P. Mora, Musat, G., Reinhard, M., Ruan, M., Videau, H., Bulanek, B., Zacek, J., Cvach, J., Gallus, P., Havranek, M., Janata, M., Kvasnicka, J., Lednicky, D., Marcisovsky, M., Polak, I., Popule, J., Tomasek, L., Tomasek, M., Ruzicka, P., Sicho, P., Smolik, J., Vrba, V., Zalesak, J., Belhorma, B., Ghazlane, H., Kotera, K., Nishiyama, M., Takeshita, T., Tozuka, S., Buanes, T., and Eigen, G.

Subjects
Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Abstract

The CALICE collaboration is studying the design of high performance electromagnetic and hadronic calorimeters for future International Linear Collider detectors. For the hadronic calorimeter, one option is a highly granular sampling calorimeter with steel as absorber and scintillator layers as active material. High granularity is obtained by segmenting the scintillator into small tiles individually read out via silicon photo-multipliers (SiPM). A prototype has been built, consisting of thirty-eight sensitive layers, segmented into about eight thousand channels. In 2007 the prototype was exposed to positrons and hadrons using the CERN SPS beam, covering a wide range of beam energies and incidence angles. The challenge of cell equalization and calibration of such a large number of channels is best validated using electromagnetic processes. The response of the prototype steel-scintillator calorimeter, including linearity and uniformity, to electrons is investigated and described.

Published
2010
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47. Discussion of 'Riemann manifold Langevin and Hamiltonian Monte Carlo methods' by M. Girolami and B. Calderhead

Author

Bornn, Luke, Cornebise, Julien, and Peters, Gareth W.

Subjects
Statistics - Computation, Statistics - Methodology, Statistics - Machine Learning, 62F15 (Primary) 62-04 (Secondary)
Abstract

This technical report is the union of two contributions to the discussion of the Read Paper "Riemann manifold Langevin and Hamiltonian Monte Carlo methods" by B. Calderhead and M. Girolami, presented in front of the Royal Statistical Society on October 13th 2010 and to appear in the Journal of the Royal Statistical Society Series B. The first comment establishes a parallel and possible interactions with Adaptive Monte Carlo methods. The second comment exposes a detailed study of Riemannian Manifold Hamiltonian Monte Carlo (RMHMC) for a weakly identifiable model presenting a strong ridge in its geometry., Comment: To appear in Journal of the Royal Statitistical Society Series B, in the discussion of the read paper by Calderhead and Girolami 2010

Published
2010

48. Study of the interactions of pions in the CALICE silicon-tungsten calorimeter prototype

Author

Adloff, C., Karyotakis, Y., Repond, J., Yu, J., Eigen, G., Mikami, Y., Watson, N. K., Wilson, J. A., Goto, T., Mavromanolakis, G., Thomson, M. A., Ward, D. R., Yan, W., Benchekroun, D., Hoummada, A., Khoulaki, Y., Apostolakis, J., Ribon, A., Uzhinskiy, V., Benyamna, M., Cârloganu, C., Fehr, F., Gay, P., Blazey, G. C., Chakraborty, D., Dyshkant, A., Francis, K., Hedin, D., Lima, J. G., Zutshi, V., Hostachy, J. -Y., Krastev, K., Morin, L., D'Ascenzo, N., Cornett, U., David, D., Fabbri, R., Falley, G., Gadow, K., Garutti, E., Göttlicher, P., Jung, T., Karstensen, S., Lucaci-Timoce, A. -I., Lutz, B., Meyer, N., Morgunov, V., Reinecke, M., Sefkow, F., Smirnov, P., Vargas-Trevino, A., Wattimena, N., Wendt, O., Feege, N., Groll, M., Haller, J., Heuer, R. -D., Morozov, S., Richter, S., Samson, J., Kaplan, A., Schultz-Coulon, H. -Ch., Shen, W., Tadday, A., Bilki, B., Norbeck, E., Onel, Y., Kim, E. J., Kim, G., Kim, D-W., Lee, K., Lee, S. C., Kawagoe, K., Tamura, Y., Dauncey, P. D., Magnan, A. -M., Yilmaz, H., Zorba, O., Bartsch, V., Postranecky, M., Warren, M., Wing, M., Green, M. G., Salvatore, F., Bedjidian, M., Kieffer, R., Laktineh, I., Fouz, M. -C., Bailey, D. S., Barlow, R. J., Kelly, M., Thompson, R. J., Danilov, M., Tarkovsky, E., Baranova, N., Karmanov, D., Korolev, M., Merkin, M., Voronin, A., Frey, A., Lu, S., Seidel, K., Simon, F., Soldner, C., Weuste, L., Bonis, J., Bouquet, B., Callier, S., Cornebise, P., Doublet, Ph., Giannelli, M. Faucci, Fleury, J., Li, H., Martin-Chassard, G., Richard, F., de la Taille, Ch., Poeschl, R., Raux, L., Seguin-Moreau, N., Wicek, F., Anduze, M., Boudry, V., Brient, J-C., Gaycken, G., Jeans, D., de Freitas, P. Mora, Musat, G., Reinhard, M., Rougé, A., Ruan, M., Vanel, J-Ch., Videau, H., Park, K-H., Zacek, J., Cvach, J., Gallus, P., Havranek, M., Janata, M., Marcisovsky, M., Polak, I., Popule, J., Tomasek, L., Tomasek, M., Ruzicka, P., Sicho, P., Smolik, J., Vrba, V., Zalesak, J., Belhorma, B., Belmir, M., Nam, S. W., Park, I. H., Yang, J., Chai, Jong-Seo, Kim, Jong-Tae, Kim, Geun-Bum, Kang, J., and Kwon, Y. -J.

Subjects
Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract

A prototype silicon-tungsten electromagnetic calorimeter for an ILC detector was tested in 2007 at the CERN SPS test beam. Data were collected with electron and hadron beams in the energy range 8 to 80 GeV. The analysis described here focuses on the interactions of pions in the calorimeter. One of the main objectives of the CALICE program is to validate the Monte Carlo tools available for the design of a full-sized detector. The interactions of pions in the Si-W calorimeter are therefore confronted with the predictions of various physical models implemented in the GEANT4 simulation framework.

Published
2010
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49. Construction and Commissioning of the CALICE Analog Hadron Calorimeter Prototype

Author

Adloff, C., Karyotakis, Y., Repond, J., Brandt, A., Brown, H., De, K., Medina, C., Smith, J., Li, J., Sosebee, M., White, A., Yu, J., Buanes, T., Eigen, G., Mikami, Y., Miller, O., Watson, N. K., Wilson, J. A., Goto, T., Mavromanolakis, G., Thomson, M. A., Ward, D. R., Yan, W., Benchekroun, D., Hoummada, A., Khoulaki, Y., Oreglia, M., Benyamna, M., Cârloganu, C., Gay, P., Ha, J., Blazey, G. C., Chakraborty, D., Dyshkant, A., Francis, K., Hedin, D., Lima, G., Zutshi, V., Babkin, V. A., Bazylev, S. N., Fedotov, Yu. I., Slepnev, V. M., Tiapkin, I. A., Volgin, S. V., Hostachy, J. -Y., Morin, L., D?Ascenzo, N., Cornett, U., David, D., Fabbri, R., Falley, G., Feege, N., Gadow, K., Garutti, E., Göttlicher, P., Jung, T., Karstensen, S., Korbel, V., Lucaci-Timoce, A. -I., Lutz, B., Meyer, N., Morgunov, V., Reinecke, M., Schätzel, S., Schmidt, S., Sefkow, F., Smirnov, P., Vargas-Trevino, A., Wattimena, N., Wendt, O., Groll, M., Heuer, R. -D., Richter, S., Samson, J., Kaplan, A., Schultz-Coulon, H. -Ch., Shen, W., Tadday, A., Bilki, B., Norbeck, E., Onel, Y., Kim, E. J., Kim, G., Kim, D-W., Lee, K., Lee, S. C., Kawagoe, K., Tamura, Y., Ballin, J. A., Dauncey, P. D., Magnan, A. -M., Yilmaz, H., Zorba, O., Bartsch, V., Postranecky, M., Warren, M., Wing, M., Giannelli, M. Faucci, Green, M. G., Salvatore, F., Kieffer, R., Laktineh, I., Fouz, M. C, Bailey, D. S., Barlow, R. J., Thompson, R. J., Batouritski, M., Dvornikov, O., Shulhevich, Yu., Shumeiko, N., Solin, A., Starovoitov, P., Tchekhovski, V., Terletski, A., Bobchenko, B., Chadeeva, M., Danilov, M., Markin, O., Mizuk, R., Novikov, E., Rusinov, V., Tarkovsky, E., Andreev, V., Kirikova, N., Komar, A., Kozlov, V., Soloviev, Y., Terkulov, A., Buzhan, P., Dolgoshein, B., Ilyin, A., Kantserov, V., Kaplin, V., Karakash, A., Popova, E., Smirnov, S., Baranova, N., Boos, E., Gladilin, L., Karmanov, D., Korolev, M., Merkin, M., Savin, A., Voronin, A., Topkar, A., Freyk, A., Kiesling, C., Lu, S., Prothmann, K., Seidel, K., Simon, F., Soldner, C., Weuste, L., Bouquet, B., Callier, S., Cornebise, P., Dulucq, F., Fleury, J., Li, H., Martin-Chassard, G., Richard, F., de la Taille, Ch., Poeschl, R., Raux, L., Ruan, M., Seguin-Moreau, N., Wicek, F., Anduze, M., Boudry, V., Brient, J-C., Gaycken, G., Cornat, R., Jeans, D., de Freitas, P. Mora, Musat, G., Reinhard, M., Rougé, A., Vanel, J-Ch., Videau, H., Park, K-H., Zacek, J., Cvach, J., Gallus, P., Havranek, M., Janata, M., Kvasnicka, J., Marcisovsky, M., Polak, I., Popule, J., Tomasek, L., Tomasek, M., Ruzicka, P., Sicho, P., Smolik, J., Vrba, V., Zalesak, J., Arestov, Yu., Ammosov, V., Chuiko, B., Gapienko, V., Gilitski, Y., Koreshev, V., Semak, A., Sviridov, Yu., Zaets, V., Belhorma, B., Belmir, M., Baird, A., Halsall, R. N., Nam, S. W., Park, I. H., Yang, J., Chai, Jong-Seo, Kim, Jong-Tae, Kim, Geun-Bum, Kim, Y., Kang, J., Kwon, Y. -J., Kim, Ilgoo, Lee, Taeyun, Park, Jaehong, Sung, Jinho, Itoh, S., Kotera, K., Nishiyama, M., Takeshita, T., Weber, S., and Zeitnitz, C.

Subjects
Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract

An analog hadron calorimeter (AHCAL) prototype of 5.3 nuclear interaction lengths thickness has been constructed by members of the CALICE Collaboration. The AHCAL prototype consists of a 38-layer sandwich structure of steel plates and highly-segmented scintillator tiles that are read out by wavelength-shifting fibers coupled to SiPMs. The signal is amplified and shaped with a custom-designed ASIC. A calibration/monitoring system based on LED light was developed to monitor the SiPM gain and to measure the full SiPM response curve in order to correct for non-linearity. Ultimately, the physics goals are the study of hadron shower shapes and testing the concept of particle flow. The technical goal consists of measuring the performance and reliability of 7608 SiPMs. The AHCAL was commissioned in test beams at DESY and CERN. The entire prototype was completed in 2007 and recorded hadron showers, electron showers and muons at different energies and incident angles in test beams at CERN and Fermilab., Comment: 36 pages, 32 figures

Published
2010
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50. Comments on 'Particle Markov Chain Monte Carlo' by C. Andrieu, A. Doucet and R. Hollenstein

Author

Cornebise, Julien and Peters, Gareth W.

Subjects
Statistics - Methodology, Statistics - Computation
Abstract

We merge in this note our two discussions about the Read Paper "Particle Markov chain Monte Carlo" (Andrieu, Doucet, and Holenstein, 2010) presented on October 16th 2009 at the Royal Statistical Society, appearing in the Journal of the Royal Statistical Society Series B. We also present a more detailed version of the ABC extension., Comment: This merged extended version of our two comments to be published in the discussion of Andrieu, C., A. Doucet, and R. Holenstein (2010), Particle Markov chain Monte Carlo methods. J. R. Statis. Soc. B 72 (2), 1-33. is available as a technical report of Statistical and Applied Mathematical Sciences Institute (SAMSI), see http://www.samsi.info/TR/tr2009-07.pdf

Published
2009

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