Search

Teachers need training in order to be adequately prepared to serve English Learners in the general education setting. The consideration of teacher perceptions becomes important when considering designing professional development for teachers of English Learners. The purpose of this study is to examine teachers' perceptions regarding educating students who are English Language Learners (ELLs), teacher training for making content accessible, and teacher willingness to follow through with student success in terms of English Learner achievement. The sample consisted of 79 teachers (25% male and 75% female) from kindergarten through twelfth grade in a rural county in the southeastern United States. Data were collected through a survey and analyzed using descriptive statistics. Study results indicated that about half of the respondents, 45% of primary teachers and 62% of secondary teachers had ever received training for teaching ELLs. Across both elementary and secondary schools, slightly more than half of the teachers (59%) indicated that they felt they had the support needed to work effectively with ELLs. Furthermore, a little less than half of the teachers (39%) felt prepared to work with ELLs. This study highlights areas of potential need in terms of teacher professional development.

Abstract Background In Germany, live-in migrant carers provide essential social, emotional and physical support to a growing number of community-dwelling people with dementia. However, opaque legal regulations and employment models as well as a lack of formal supervision for families employing live-in migrant carers contribute to the vulnerability of these already strained arrangements. This study analyses the family caregivers’ perspective, their conceptualisations of good dementia live-in migrant care and conflicts that arise in live-in care arrangements. Methods The study adopted a qualitative-explorative approach. We conducted focus groups with family caregivers (n = 15) to learn about their perspectives on and experiences with live-in care as a model of home-based dementia care. Due to the restrictions of the COVID-19 pandemic, data collection took place online, which enabled us to include participants from all over Germany in our sample. Data were analysed with qualitative content analysis. Results In this paper, two main categories, Indicators of good live-in migrant care for people with dementia and perceived conflicts, are presented. We identified indicators applied by family caregivers to assess the quality of care provided by migrant live-in carers and its outcomes for the person with dementia. These relate primarily to interpersonal and emotional aspects and a person-centred attitude towards the person with dementia. Conflicts arise when the needs and personalities within the triad do not match, due to intransparent and unreliable work of and communication with the placement agencies, or permanent crisis as a result of the German model with alternating live-in carers. Conclusion Our findings point to the complex dynamics and relationships within live-in care triads and support the theoretical assumption that taking into account the needs of all actors involved is essential for good and stable care arrangements. The conceptualisations of family caregivers of good dementia live-in migrant care offer starting points for a scientific as well as a social and health policy debate about the future regulation of this model of care.

Abstract 137Cs is a long-lived man-made radionuclide introduced in the environment worldwide at the early beginning of the nuclear Era during atmospheric nuclear testing’s followed by the civil use of nuclear energy. Atmospheric fallout deposition of this major artificial radionuclide was reconstructed at the scale of French large river basins since 1945, and trajectories in French nuclearized rivers were established using sediment coring. Our results show that 137Cs contents in sediments of the studied rivers display a large spatial and temporal variability in response to the various anthropogenic pressures exerted on their catchment. The Loire, Rhone, and Rhine rivers were the most affected by atmospheric fallout from the global deposition from nuclear tests. Rhine and Rhone also received significant fallout from the Chernobyl accident in 1986 and recorded significant 137Cs concentrations in their sediments over the 1970–1985 period due to the regulatory releases from the nuclear industries. The Meuse River was notably impacted in the early 1970s by industrial releases. In contrast, the Seine River display the lowest 137Cs concentrations regardless of the period. All the rivers responded similarly over time to atmospheric fallout on their catchment, underlying a rather homogeneous resilience capacity of these river systems to this source of contamination.

We need landscape-scale approaches to design and manage agro-ecosystems that can sustain both agricultural production and biodiversity conservation. In this study, yield figures provided by 299 farmers served to quantify the energy-equivalents of food production across different crops in 49 1-km2 landscapes. Our results show that the relationship between bird diversity and food energy production depends on the proportion of farmland within the landscape, with a negative correlation observed in agriculture dominated landscapes (≥ 64–74% farmland). In contrast, neither typical farmland birds nor butterflies showed any significant relationship with total food energy production. We conclude that in European temperate regions consisting of small-scale, mixed farming systems (arable and livestock production), productivity and biodiversity conservation may not be purely antagonistic, particularly when (semi-)natural habitats make up a large fraction of the landscape (≥ 20%).

Sumas Lake (Xhotsa), located in the Fraser Valley, British Columbia, Canada, was the heart of Semá:th Nation Territory and the epicenter of a complex Indigenous food system. For the Semá:th people, the lake represented life and livelihood. In 1924, the lake was stolen and drained in an instance of land theft that occurred during a nationwide campaign of land dispossession and genocide, decimating an ecology that supported a rich and diverse Indigenous food system and replacing it with a settler food system. A century later, in November 2021 climate change induced flooding caused the lake to return, resulting in the evacuation of thousands of people and causing millions in damages to homes and infrastructure. Since the flood, the response has been a continuation of the status quo to protect settler agricultural lands via increased investment in hard structures that control the flow of water based on assumptions of the predictability of future flow conditions. We offer a missing narrative by bringing together an analysis of Indigenous laws and oral tradition with an assessment of the economic costs of “managed retreat”, defined as the purposeful relocation of people and infrastructure out of harm’s way. We find that the cost of buying out properties in the lakebed and allowing the lake to return is close to half the cost ($1 billion) of maintaining the status quo ($2.4 billion), while facilitating climate adaptation, and restoration of a floodplain ecosystem that supported thriving populations of people, salmon, sturgeon, ducks, and food and medicinal plants– including many species which are now endangered. Returning Sumas Lake by centering ‘Water Back’ as a climate resiliency solution, enacts both food systems and ecological reconciliation, addressing the harms caused by the loss of the lake to the Semá:th People that is still felt to this day. In a time when climate change induced flooding is predicted to increase, this study demonstrates how the inclusion of Indigenous laws and knowledges are critical to the development of solutions toward a more sustainable and just future.

At the land–sea interface, the benthic carbon cycle is strongly influenced by the export of terrigenous particulate material across the river–ocean continuum. Episodic flood events delivering massive sedimentary materials can occur, but their short-term impact on carbon cycling is poorly understood. In this paper, we use a coupled data–model approach to estimate the temporal variations in sediment–water fluxes, biogeochemical pathways and their reaction rates during these abrupt phenomena. We studied one episodic depositional event in the vicinity of the Rhône River mouth (NW Mediterranean Sea) during the fall–winter of 2021/22. The distributions of dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC), sulfate (SO42-) and methane (CH4) were measured in sediment porewaters collected every 2 weeks before and after the deposition of a 25 cm sediment layer during the main winter flood event. Significant changes in the distribution of DIC, SO42- and CH4 concentrations were observed in the sediment porewaters. The use of an early diagenetic model (FESDIA) to calculate biogeochemical reaction rates and fluxes revealed that this type of flood event can increase the total organic carbon mineralization rate in the sediment by 75 % a few days after deposition. In this period, sulfate reduction is the main process contributing to the increase in total mineralization relative to non-flood deposition. The model predicts a short-term decrease in the DIC flux out of the sediment from 100 to 55 mmolm-2d-1 after the deposition of the new sediment layer with a longer-term increase by 4 %, therefore implying an initial internal storage of DIC in the newly deposited layer and a slow release over relaxation of the system. Furthermore, examination of the stoichiometric ratios of DIC and SO42- as well as model output over this 5-month window shows a decoupling between the two modes of sulfate reduction following the deposition – organoclastic sulfate reduction (OSR) intensified in the newly deposited layer below the sediment surface, whereas anaerobic oxidation of methane (AOM) intensified at depth below the former buried surface. The bifurcation depth of sulfate reduction pathways, i.e., the sulfate–methane transition zone (SMTZ), is shifted deeper by 25 cm in the sediment column following the flood deposition. Our findings highlight the significance of short-term transient biogeochemical processes at the seafloor and provide new insights into the benthic carbon cycle in the coastal ocean.

According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, hip and femoral neck fractures are common fractures seen in older adults. Lower extremity nerve blocks are a tool available for pain control in these patients. One type of block that can be used in this type of fracture is the fascia iliaca compartment block. Clinicians sometimes do not utilize these blocks despite having been shown to produce better pain relief than a standard regimen of intravenous medications. We present a case of a 76-year-old female patient who had inadequate pain relief from intravenous medications. We illustrate the utilization of a standardized approach to a fascia iliaca compartment block using point-of-care ultrasound in the setting of a femoral neck fracture.

As environmental injustices and their disproportionate harms to Indigenous communities are increasingly acknowledged, restoration strategies are being deployed widely by environmental NGOs, resource extraction industries, and government agencies. The inclusion of Indigenous communities and their knowledges in restoration efforts are often considered progress in the pursuit of ecological reconciliation. However, in some cases we have observed a lack of meaningful progress as settler colonial prescriptions for land-healing can eschew efforts to decolonize ecological restoration — what we have labeled “pop-up restoration.” We consider two restoration efforts underway in St’at’imc and Quw’utsun territories (Canada) and contrast them with what we are learning alongside the communities’ own values and efforts to reclaim and revitalize food systems throughout forest, wetland, and grassland systems. Utilizing culturally appropriate pathways, we then evaluate how applying an Indigenous Food Systems lens to ecological restoration may provide a framework to remedy pop-up restoration, confronting settler colonial aspirations to transform Indigenous homelands while asserting justice in ecological restoration contexts.

The utilization of 2,5-ditertbutyl hydroquinone (DTBHQ) as a potential active material in aqueous zinc-ion batteries (AZIBs) was studied for the first time. Thanks to its two hydrophobic groups, DTBHQ demonstrates a maximum solubility of 629 µM/L, significantly lower than that of other reported small quinone derivatives for AZIBs. This property translates to remarkable long-term capacity retention, even at a high electrolyte to active mass ratio. Significantly, our findings provide unequivocal support for a proton insertion mechanism as the main electrochemical process in the solid state in mono- and divalent aqueous electrolytes, thereby challenging the prevailing notion of metal-ion rocking-chair and zinc-ion mechanisms widely reported for aqueous batteries. This novel insight that holds for electrolytes based on metal- (K+, Zn2+ and Mg2+) and non-metal cations (NH4+ and NH3OH+) has profound implications for the understanding and development of aqueous batteries since the operating reduction potential was found to be directly proportional to the pKa values of the predominant acid/base couple of the tested aqueous electrolytes.

Objective: Fatal allergic responses and cardiac arrhythmias have been reported with the intravenous (IV) administration of polidocanol. We sought to identify the physiologic mechanism of systemic cardiovascular response after transcervical (TC) and IV administration of polidocanol. Methods: We continuously monitored blood pressure (BP) and heart rate using an arterial line during IV and intraperitoneal (IP) administration of polidocanol solution (PS) and polidocanol doxycycline solution in female rats and TC and IP administration of polidocanol foam (PF) and PDF (TC only) in female baboons. We performed TC procedures using a catheter with (pressurized) and without (nonpressurized) balloon inflation. Baboons also underwent monitoring during IV PS administration with and without pretreatment with antihistamines. We performed cardiac echo and electrocardiograms during selected experiments. We defined a refractory hypotension as a sustained decrease of more than 30% from baseline that prevented delivery of the target dose. Results: We found a dose-related increase in the proportion of baboons that developed refractory hypotension during TC administration of 5% PDF and PF, an effect confined to pressurized administration. The infusion of 0.5% PS in rats induced a rapid and dramatic refractory hypotension. The inclusion of doxycycline did not improve or deteriorate these outcomes, and doxycycline solution or saline (control) alone did not affect BP. All five female baboons that received up to 20 mL of 1% PS (200 mg) developed refractory hypotension. Pretreatment with diphenhydramine, ranitidine, or both did not block the refractory hypotension induced by IV administration of 1% PS (100 mg). In contrast, only one of the six female baboons treated with IP PF 400 mg developed a decrease of more than 30% in BP, and this response was not sustained. Cardiac echocardiography done in four baboons during TC treatment demonstrated a decrease in cardiac output as the physiologic mechanism of hypotension. We did not observe important changes on the electrocardiograms. Conclusions: Adverse cardiovascular effects of polidocanol treatment occur owing to a direct myocardial effect of polidocanol and not as a result of a hypersensitivity reaction. Pressurized TC administration of PF results in refractory hypotension owing to endometrial vascular uptake of polidocanol and not as a result of uptake from peritoneal surfaces. : Clinical Relevance: Our experiments in rodent and nonhuman primates demonstrate that hypotension during polidocanol treatment occurs as a consequence of low cardiac output secondary to impaired biventricular function. The onset is acute, dose dependent, and precipitous, and resolves slowly upon discontinuation of the polidocanol infusion with appropriate supportive care. The physiologic features of this response are not explained by classical allergy, or by a complement-mediated pseudoallergic response. We propose that many of the adverse events reported after the therapeutic use of PS and PF occur owing to this direct effect on both the pulmonary vasculature and the myocardium and not as an allergic mechanism. Further investigations of this response mechanism may provide insight into potential therapeutic interventions to improve safety of polidocanol treatment.

Lightweight design is a common approach to reduce energy demand in the use stage of vehicles. The production of lightweight materials is usually associated with an increase in energy demand, so the environmental impacts of lightweight structures need to be assessed holistically using a life cycle assessment. To estimate the life cycle environmental impacts of a product in its developmental stage, for example, by life cycle engineering, future changes in relevant influencing factors must be considered. Prospective life cycle assessment provides methods for integrating future scenarios into life cycle assessment studies. However, approaches for integrating prospective life cycle assessment into product development are limited. The objective of this work is to provide the methodological foundation for integrating future scenarios of relevant influencing factors in the development of lightweight structures. The applicability of the novel methodology is demonstrated by a case study of a structural component in a steel, aluminium, and hybrid design. The results show that appropriate decarbonisation measures can reduce the life cycle greenhouse gas emissions by up to 95 percent until 2050. We also found that shifts in the environmentally optimal design are possible in future scenarios. Therefore, the methodology and data provided contribute to improved decision-making in product development.

• The Veterans Health Administration Whole Health system of care focuses on veterans' values and goals to improve health and wellness by integrating conventional medicine with complimentary and integrative modalities. • Veterans' lived experiences bring an important perspective to understanding the impact of the Whole Health approach to care on the lives of veterans. • Whole Health may be effective in chronic pain management and treatment planning through a multipronged approach with exercise, mindfulness, and social connections. • Receiving Whole Health-oriented education promoted veterans' focus on a holistic approach to wellness and developing collaborative relationships with providers and peers. • Promotion of Whole Health activities to veterans with noted diagnoses and complications such as chronic pain, PTSD, and depression, complement traditional medical care and enhance veterans' wellness and quality of life. What are the lived experiences and wellness related outcomes of veterans engaged in the Department of Veterans' Affairs (VA) Whole Health (WH) system of care? This qualitative work was conducted with a pragmatic phenomenological approach to understand patients' lived experience within the WH system of care. Data were contextualized within a multi-dimensional wellness model. This descriptive quality improvement project used semi-structured telephone interviews. Interview script elicited veterans' WH participation experiences and perceived wellness related outcomes. Data were collected within a WH Service, at a large Veterans Health Administration Hospital in the Southeast United States. Data were collected with a purposive sample of veterans that participated in at least 2 WH activities. Patients were recruited by WH clinical team collaborators to participate in qualitative data collection. Rapid content analysis and interpretation of results were conducted in alignment with dimensions of wellness constructs. WH offers veterans' non-pharmacological tools to improve mental, physical, and social wellness. Participants (n = 50) represented the larger veteran population. Most veterans perceived a positive WH experience with improvement of three primary dimensions including mental and emotional, physical, and social wellness – impacts on other dimensions gleaned less perceived impact. Veterans reported adopting mindfulness and coping strategies, better mobility, pain management, and sleep quality, and enhanced social engagement. Even those who did benefit personally from all aspects of WH, felt the services are needed to support the larger veteran population. Reduced suicidal ideation and pain medication use emerged as a WH effect among approximately 10% of the sample. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

„Schwarze Weiblich*keiten. Intersektionale Perspektiven auf Bildungs- und Subjektivierungsprozesse“ ist ein hervorragendes Werk, das aktueller kaum sein könnte. Trotz #metoo und „Black Lives Matter“ bleiben die Erfahrungen von Schwarzen Frauen und Women of Color häufig unsichtbar. Über eine Diskursanalyse von sieben Interviews macht Denise Bergold-Caldwell diese Erfahrungen nicht nur sichtbar, sondern zeigt zudem die Relevanz von Schwarzem Bewusstsein für die Bildungsprozesse von Women of Color und Schwarzen Frauen. Vor dem Hintergrund dieser Ergebnisse stellt Bergold-Caldwell die in bildungstheoretischen Debatten aktuell viel diskutierte Frage nach dem Verhältnis von Bildung und Subjektivierung noch einmal neu und findet und intersektional informierte Antworten.

In a combined experimental and theoretical study, we investigate the interplay of spin–orbit interaction (SOI) and exchange interaction (XI) in the electronic structure of ultrathin Ni films on W(110). Using spin- and angle-resolved inverse photoemission, we observe that the size of the spin splitting of Ni-related exchange-split states differs for opposite magnetization directions. A quenched spin splitting for one of the magnetization directions reveals a contribution of SOI on an equal footing with XI. Using density-functional theory calculations, we explore the underlying mechanisms responsible for the experimentally observed coupling of SOI and XI. We find that a hybridization between adsorbate and substrate states, along with a high probability density of the respective states at the heavy W nuclei, cause the strong influence of SOI on the Ni-related exchange-split states.

Seroconversion rates following infection and vaccination are lower in dialysis patients compared to healthy controls. There is an urgent need for the characterization of humoral responses and success of a single-dose SARS-CoV-2 vaccination in previously infected dialysis patients. We performed a dual-center cohort study comparing three different groups: 25 unvaccinated hemodialysis patients after PCR-confirmed COVID-19 (Group 1), 43 hemodialysis patients after two-time BNT162b2 vaccination without prior SARS-CoV-2 infection (Group 2), and 13 single-dose vaccinated hemodialysis patients with prior SARS-CoV-2 infection (Group 3). Group 3 consists of seven patients from Group 1 and 6 additional patients with sera only available after single-dose vaccination. Anti-S1 IgG, neutralizing antibodies, and antibodies against various SARS-CoV-2 protein epitopes were measured 3 weeks after the first and 3 weeks after the second vaccination in patients without prior SARS-CoV-2 infection, 6 weeks after the onset of COVID-19 in unvaccinated patients, and 3 weeks after single-dose vaccination in patients with prior SARS-CoV-2 infection, respectively. Unvaccinated patients after COVID-19 showed a significantly higher neutralizing antibody capacity than two-time vaccinated patients without prior COVID-19 [median (IQR) percent inhibition 88.0 (71.5–95.5) vs. 50.7 (26.4–81.0); P = 0.018]. After one single vaccine dose, previously infected individuals generated 15- to 34-fold higher levels of anti-S1 IgG than age- and dialysis vintage-matched unvaccinated patients after infection or two-time vaccinated patients without prior SARS-CoV-2 infection with a median (IQR) index of 274 (151–791) compared to 18 (8–41) and 8 (1–21) (for both P < 0.001). With a median (IQR) percent inhibition of 97.6 (97.2–98.9), the neutralizing capacity of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies was significantly higher in single-dose vaccinated patients with prior SARS-CoV-2 infection compared to other groups (for both P < 0.01). Bead-based analysis showed high antibody reactivity against various SARS-CoV-2 spike protein epitopes after single-dose vaccination in previously infected patients. In conclusion, single-dose vaccination in previously infected dialysis patients induced a strong and broad antibody reactivity against various SARS-CoV-2 spike protein epitopes with high neutralizing capacity.

Lightweight design is crucial in automotive design, especially for battery electric vehicles (BEVs), as it can extend driving range or minimize battery size for a set distance. However, the choice of materials like high-strength steels, while beneficial for vehicle weight, often carries greater environmental costs during production. A comprehensive analysis considering the entire lifecycle and electricity sources is essential to identify truly eco-friendly materials. The market introduction of innovative materials like green steel and recycled products further complicates the selection process due to increased competition. Current assessments of lightweight strategies are complex and challenging to compare, highlighting a research gap in easy-to-understand and actionable evaluations. This study aims to investigate automotive lightweighting across various propulsion systems and regions using prospective Life Cycle Assessment (LCA). It introduces a novel approach by examining how the mix of electricity generation affects the environmental benefits of lightweight materials. A new Key Performance Indicator (KPI) is proposed to help those with limited LCA expertise evaluate the environmental impact of different structural materials. The research also provides visual tools and analyzes cost savings from lower lifecycle greenhouse gas emissions, presenting a rounded view of the economic and environmental advantages of diverse lightweight strategies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BackgroundThe Veteran Administration (VA) Office of Patient-Centered Care and Cultural Transformation is invested in improving veteran health through a whole-person approach while taking advantage of the electronic resources suite available through the VA. Currently, there is no standardized process to collect and integrate electronic patient-reported outcomes (ePROs) of complementary and integrative health (CIH) into clinical care using a web-based survey platform. This quality improvement project enrolled veterans attending CIH appointments within a VA facility and used web-based technologies to collect ePROs. ObjectiveThis study aimed to (1) determine a practical process for collecting ePROs using patient email services and a web-based survey platform and (2) conduct analyses of survey data using repeated measures to estimate the effects of CIH on patient outcomes. MethodsIn total, 100 veterans from one VA facility, comprising 11 cohorts, agreed to participate. The VA patient email services (Secure Messaging) were used to manually send links to a 16-item web-based survey stored on a secure web-based survey storage platform (Qualtrics). Each survey included questions about patient outcomes from CIH programs. Each cohort was sent survey links via Secure Messaging (SM) at 6 time points: weeks 1 through 4, week 8, and week 12. Process evaluation interviews were conducted with five primary care providers to assess barriers and facilitators to using the patient-reported outcome survey in usual care. ResultsThis quality improvement project demonstrated the usability of SM and Qualtrics for ePRO collection. However, SM for ePROs was labor intensive for providers. Descriptive statistics on health competence (2-item Perceived Health Competence Scale), physical and mental health (Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System Global-10), and stress (4-item Perceived Stress Scale) indicated that scores did not significantly change over time. Survey response rates varied (18/100, 18.0%-42/100, 42.0%) across each of the 12 weekly survey periods. In total, 74 of 100 participants provided ≥1 survey, and 90% (66/74) were female. The majority, 62% (33/53) of participants, who reported the use of any CIH modality, reported the use of two or more unique modalities. Primary care providers highlighted specific challenges with SM and offered solutions regarding staff involvement in survey implementation. ConclusionsThis quality improvement project informs our understanding of the processes currently available for using SM and web-based data platforms to collect ePROs. The study results indicate that although it is possible to use SM and web-based survey platforms for ePROs, automating scheduled administration will be necessary to reduce provider burden. The lack of significant change in ePROs may be due to standard measures taking a biomedical approach to wellness. Future work should focus on identifying ideal ePRO processes that would include standardized, whole-person measures of wellness.

In the fall of 2013, a working paper by the German federal government of Baden-Württemberg became public, revealing the intention to introduce the topic of sexual diversity across all school subjects. This was followed by a public outcry: Almost 192,000 German citizens signed a petition against the planned curriculum reform; between February 2014 and February 2016, every few months, thousands took to the streets to demonstrate against “gender-ideology and [the] sexualization of our children via the curriculum” (Demo für Alle 2014). In this paper, I analyze the working paper as well as the petition from a discourse-analytical perspective. Specifically, I work out how knowledge about gender and sexuality is re_produced and transformed in the two documents. I do not only show the petition’s use of so-called “anti-genderist” rhetoric but also the ambivalence of the specific LGBT*I*Q representation in the working paper. Despite their contrary intentions, both documents contribute to the re_production of a heteronormative order.

Methemoglobinemia results from increased amounts of oxidized hemoglobin in the blood with an ensuing change in oxygen dissociation curve and lack of oxygen delivery to tissue. A previously well, male toddler was brought to the Pediatric Emergency Department (PED) by Emergency Medical Services (EMS) with abrupt onset of altered mental status and cyanosis after a suspected ingestion of “Rush” nail polish remover. He was quickly diagnosed with methemoglobinemia by both clinical presentation and chocolate-colored blood appearance. He emergently received intravenous (IV) methylene blue (MB) with immediate and sustained improvement requiring no further doses. Though inhalation of nitrites and subsequent methemoglobinemia is frequently reported in adolescents, we were unable to find any cases in the literature detailing ingestion of this product and the resulting clinical manifestations. Our objective with this report is to describe a rare case of a toddler with an accidental ingestion of “Rush” nail polish remover, a nitrite compound. Our patient presented to the PED with abrupt onset of altered level of consciousness, hypotension, and cyanosis resulting from acquired methemoglobinemia. This case report demonstrates the importance of emergency clinicians being able to make clinical judgements and decisions based on the history and physical exam when methemoglobinemia is suspected.

Der Beitrag plädiert dafür, mit Fachöffentlichkeiten in der politischen Kommunikationsforschung eine spezifische Form thematisch zentrierter Interaktionssysteme stärker in den Blick zu nehmen. Fachöffentlichkeiten lassen sich auf der Ebene der Themenöffentlichkeiten nach Gerhards und Neidhardt (1990) zuordnen. Sie richten sich im Unterschied zur Medienöffentlichkeit nicht an alle Mitglieder einer Gesellschaft (und damit zwangsläufig an Laien), sondern an Experten. Ihre Infrastruktur sind Fachmedien und Fachformate. Bezogen auf die politische Kommunikation lassen sich Fachöffentlichkeiten ferner von Policy-Netzwerken abgrenzen. Der Beitrag schlägt ein dreigliedriges Modell zur Differenzierung von Fachöffentlichkeiten vor, aus dem sich Hypothesen und Fragen für weiterführende Forschung ableiten lassen.

It has been demonstrated that patients on hemo- or peritoneal dialysis are particularly susceptible to SARS-CoV-2 infection and impaired seroconversion compared to healthy controls. Follow-up data on vaccination response in dialysis patients is limited but is greatly needed to individualize and guide (booster) vaccination strategies. In this prospective, multicenter study we measured anti-spike S1 and neutralizing antibodies in 124 hemodialysis patients, 41 peritoneal dialysis patients, and 20 age- and sex-matched healthy controls over 12 weeks after homologous BNT162b2 vaccination. Compared to healthy controls, both hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis patients had lower anti-S1 IgG antibodies (median (IQR) 7.0 (2.8–24.3) and 21.8 (5.8–103.9) versus 134.9 (23.8–283.6), respectively; p < 0.001 and p < 0.05) and a reduced SARS-CoV-2 spike protein–ACE2 binding inhibition caused by vaccine-induced antibodies (median (IQR) 56% (40–81) and 77% (52–89) versus 96% (90–98), respectively; p < 0.001 and p < 0.01) three weeks after the second vaccination. Twelve weeks after the second vaccination, the spike protein–ACE2 binding inhibition significantly decreased to a median (IQR) of 45% (31–60) in hemodialysis patients and 55% (36–78) in peritoneal dialysis patients, respectively (p < 0.001 and p < 0.05). Peritoneal dialysis patients mounted higher antibody levels compared with hemodialysis patients at all time points during the 12-week follow-up. Individual booster vaccinations in high-risk individuals without seroconversion or rapidly waning neutralizing antibody levels are required and further data on the neutralization of emerging variants of concern in these patients are urgently needed.