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1. Optimization of LYSO crystals and SiPM parameters for the CMS MIP timing detector

Author

Addesa, F., Anderson, T., Barria, P., Basile, C., Benaglia, A., Bertoni, R., Bethani, A., Bianco, R., Bornheim, A., Boldrini, G., Boletti, A., Bulla, A., Campana, M., Cardwell, B., Carniti, P., Cetorelli, F., De Guio, F., De Leo, K., De Riggi, F., Dervan, J., Fernandez, E., Gaile, A., Gallinaro, M., Ghezzi, A., Gotti, C., Goldouzian, R., Guglielmi, V., Heering, A., Hu, Z., Jose, M., Karneyeu, A., Krishna, A., Kronheim, B., Kuo, C., La Torre, A., Li, A., Lombardi, F., Lucchini, M. T., Malberti, M., Mao, Y., Marzocchi, B., Meridiani, P., Musienko, Y., Neu, C., Organtini, G., Orimoto, T., Palmer, C., Paganoni, M., Palluotto, S., Paramatti, R., Pessina, G., Perelman, R. T., Quaranta, C., Redaelli, N., Redaelli, S., Gutiérrez, G. Reales, Ronchi, S., Santanastasio, F., Schmidt, I., Silva, J. C., Sorrentino, G., Sun, X., de Fatis, T. Tabarelli, Tosi, M., Ujvari, B., Varela, J., Wang, J., Wayne, M., White, S., Zhang, L., and Zhang, M.

Subjects
Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract

For the High-Luminosity (HL-LHC) phase, the upgrade of the Compact Muon Solenoid (CMS) experiment at CERN will include a novel MIP Timing Detector (MTD). The central part of MTD, the barrel timing layer (BTL), is designed to provide a measurement of the time of arrival of charged particles with a precision of 30 ps at the beginning of HL-LHC, progressively degrading to 60 ps while operating in an extremely harsh radiation environment for over a decade. In this paper we present a comparative analysis of the time resolution of BTL module prototypes made of LYSO:Ce crystal bars read out by silicon photo-multipliers (SiPMs). The timing performance measured in beam test campaigns is presented for prototypes with different construction and operation parameters, such as different SiPM cell sizes (15, 20, 25 and 30 $\rm \mu m$), SiPM manufacturers and crystal bar thicknesses. The evolution of time resolution as a function of the irradiation level has been studied using non-irradiated SiPMs as well as SiPMs exposed up to $2\times 10^{14}~n_{eq}/cm^2$ fluence. The key parameters defining the module time resolution such as SiPM characteristics (gain, photon detection efficiency, radiation induced dark count rate) and crystal properties (light output and dimensions) are discussed. These results have informed the final choice of the MTD barrel sensor configuration and offer a unique starting point for the design of future large-area scintillator-based timing detectors in either low or high radiation environments.

Published
2024

2. Using graph neural networks to reconstruct charged pion showers in the CMS High Granularity Calorimeter

Author

Aamir, M., Adamov, G., Adams, T., Adloff, C., Afanasiev, S., Agrawal, C., Ahmad, A., Ahmed, H. A., Akbar, S., Akchurin, N., Akgul, B., Akgun, B., Akpinar, R. O., Aktas, E., Kadhim, A. Al, Alexakhin, V., Alimena, J., Alison, J., Alpana, A., Alshehri, W., Dominguez, P. Alvarez, Alyari, M., Amendola, C., Amir, R. B., Andersen, S. B., Andreev, Y., Antoszczuk, P. D., Aras, U., Ardila, L., Aspell, P., Avila, M., Awad, I., Aydilek, O., Azimi, Z., Pretel, A. Aznar, Bach, O. A., Bainbridge, R., Bakshi, A., Bam, B., Banerjee, S., Barney, D., Bayraktar, O., Beaudette, F., Beaujean, F., Becheva, E., Behera, P. K., Belloni, A., Bergauer, T., Besancon, M., Bylund, O. Bessidskaia, Bhatt, L., Bhattacharya, S., Bhowmil, D., Blekman, F., Blinov, P., Bloch, P., Bodek, A., Boger, a., Bonnemaison, A., Bouyjou, F., Brennan, L., Brondolin, E., Brusamolino, A., Bubanja, I., Perraguin, A. Buchot, Bunin, P., Misura, A. Burazin, Butler-nalin, A., Cakir, A., Callier, S., Campbell, S., Candemir, Y. B., Canderan, K., Cankocak, K., Cappati, A., Caregari, S., Carron, S., Carty, C., Cauchois, A., Ceard, L., Cerci, S., Chang, P. J., Chatterjee, R. M., Chatterjee, S., Chattopadhyay, P., Chatzistavrou, T., Chaudhary, M. S., Chen, J. A., Chen, J., Chen, Y., Cheng, K., Cheung, H., Chhikara, J., Chiron, A., Chiusi, M., Chokheli, D., Chudasama, R., Clement, E., Mendez, S. Coco, Coko, D., Coskun, K., Couderc, F., Crossman, B., Cui, Z., Cuisset, T., Cummings, G., Curtis, E. M., D'Alfonso, M., Döhler-Ball, J., Dadazhanova, O., Damgov, J., Das, I., Gupta, S. Das, Dauncey, P., Mendes, A. David Tinoco, Davies, G., Davignon, O., de Barbaro, P., De La Taille, C., De Silva, M., De Wit, A., Debbins, P., Defranchis, M. M., Delagnes, E., Devouge, P., Di Guglielmo, G., Diehl, L., Dilsiz, K., Dincer, G. G., Dittmann, J., Dragicevic, M., Du, D., Dubinchik, B., Dugad, S., Dulucq, F., Dumanoglu, I., Duran, B., Dutta, S., Dutta, V., Dychkant, A., Dünser, M., Edberg, T., Ehle, I. T., Berni, A. El, Elias, F., Eno, S. C., Erdogan, E. N., Erkmen, B., Ershov, Y., Ertorer, E. Y., Extier, S., Eychenne, L., Fedar, Y. E., Fedi, G., De Almeida, J. P. Figueiredo De Sá Sousa, Alves, B. A. Fontana Santos, Frahm, E., Francis, K., Freeman, J., French, T., Gaede, F., Gandhi, P. K., Ganjour, S., Garcia-Bellido, A., Gastaldi, F., Gazi, L., Gecse, Z., Gerwig, H., Gevin, O., Ghosh, S., Gill, K., Gingu, C., Gleyzer, S., Godinovic, N., Goettlicher, P., Goff, R., Gok, M., Golunov, A., Gonultas, B., Martínez, J. D. González, Gorbounov, N., Gouskos, L., Gray, A., Gray, L., Grieco, C., Groenroos, S., Groner, D., Gruber, A., Grummer, A., Grönroos, S., Guerrero, D., Guilloux, F., Guler, Y., Gungordu, A. D., Guo, J., Guo, K., Guler, E. Gurpinar, Gutti, H. K., Guvenli, A. A., Gülmez, E., Hacisahinoglu, B., Halkin, Y., Machado, G. Hamilton Ilha, Hare, H. S., Hatakeyama, K., Heering, A. H., Hegde, V., Heintz, U., Hinton, N., Hinzmann, A., Hirschauer, J., Hitlin, D., Hoff, J., Hos, İ., Hou, B., Hou, X., Howard, A., Howe, C., Hsieh, H., Hsu, T., Hua, H., Hummer, F., Imran, M., Incandela, J., Iren, E., Isildak, B., Jackson, P. S., Jackson, W. J., Jain, S., Jana, P., Jaroslavceva, J., Jena, S., Jige, A., Jordano, P. P., Joshi, U., Kaadze, K., Kachanov, V., Kafizov, A., Kalipoliti, L., Tharayil, A. Kallil, Kaluzinska, O., Kamble, S., Kaminskiy, A., Kanemura, M., Kanso, H., Kao, Y., Kapic, A., Kapsiak, C., Karjavine, V., Karmakar, S., Karneyeu, A., Kaya, M., Topaksu, A. Kayis, Kaynak, B., Kazhykarim, Y., Khan, F. A., Khudiakov, A., Kieseler, J., Kim, R. S., Klijnsma, T., Kloiber, E. G., Klute, M., Kocak, Z., Kodali, K. R., Koetz, K., Kolberg, T., Kolcu, O. B., Komaragiri, J. R., Komm, M., Kopsalis, I., Krause, H. A., Krawczyk, M. A., Vinayakam, T. R. Krishnaswamy, Kristiansen, K., Kristic, A., Krohn, M., Kronheim, B., Krüger, K., Kudtarkar, C., Kulis, S., Kumar, M., Kumar, N., Kumar, S., Verma, R. Kumar, Kunori, S., Kunts, A., Kuo, C., Kurenkov, A., Kuryatkov, V., Kyre, S., Ladenson, J., Lamichhane, K., Landsberg, G., Langford, J., Laudrain, A., Laughlin, R., Lawhorn, J., Dortz, O. Le, Lee, S. W., Lektauers, A., Lelas, D., Leon, M., Levchuk, L., Li, A. J., Li, J., Li, Y., Liang, Z., Liao, H., Lin, K., Lin, W., Lin, Z., Lincoln, D., Linssen, L., Litomin, A., Liu, G., Liu, Y., Lobanov, A., Lohezic, V., Loiseau, T., Lu, C., Lu, R., Lu, S. Y., Lukens, P., Mackenzie, M., Magnan, A., Magniette, F., Mahjoub, A., Mahon, D., Majumder, G., Makarenko, V., Malakhov, A., Malgeri, L., Mallios, S., Mandloi, C., Mankel, A., Mannelli, M., Mans, J., Mantilla, C., Martinez, G., Massa, C., Masterson, P., Matthewman, M., Matveev, V., Mayekar, S., Mazlov, I., Mehta, A., Mestvirishvili, A., Miao, Y., Milella, G., Mirza, I. R., Mitra, P., Moccia, S., Mohanty, G. B., Monti, F., Moortgat, F., Murthy, S., Music, J., Musienko, Y., Nabili, S., Nelson, J. W., Nema, A., Neutelings, I., Niedziela, J., Nikitenko, A., Noonan, D., Noy, M., Nurdan, K., Obraztsov, S., Ochando, C., Ogul, H., Olsson, J., Onel, Y., Ozkorucuklu, S., Paganis, E., Palit, P., Pan, R., Pandey, S., Pantaleo, F., Papageorgakis, C., Paramesvaran, S., Paranjpe, M. M., Parolia, S., Parsons, A. G., Parygin, P., Pastika, J., Paulini, M., Paus, C., Castillo, K. Peñaló, Pedro, K., Pekic, V., Peltola, T., Peng, B., Perego, A., Perini, D., Petrilli, A., Pham, H., Podem, S. K., Popov, V., Portales, L., Potok, O., Pradeep, P. B., Pramanik, R., Prosper, H., Prvan, M., Qasim, S. R., Qu, H., Quast, T., Trivio, A. Quiroga, Rabour, L., Raicevic, N., Rao, M. A., Rapacz, K., Redjeb, W., Reinecke, M., Revering, M., Roberts, A., Rohlf, J., Rosado, P., Rose, A., Rothman, S., Rout, P. K., Rovere, M., Roy, A., Rubinov, P., Rumerio, P., Rusack, R., Rygaard, L., Ryjov, V., Sadivnycha, S., Sahin, M. Ö., Sakarya, U., Salerno, R., Saradhy, R., Saraf, M., Sarbandi, K., Sarkisla, M. A., Satyshev, I., Saud, N., Sauvan, J., Schindler, G., Schmidt, A., Schmidt, I., Schmitt, M. H., Sculac, A., Sculac, T., Sedelnikov, A., Seez, C., Sefkow, F., Selivanova, D., Selvaggi, M., Sergeychik, V., Sert, H., Shahid, M., Sharma, P., Sharma, R., Sharma, S., Shelake, M., Shenai, A., Shih, C. W., Shinde, R., Shmygol, D., Shukla, R., Sicking, E., Silva, P., Simsek, C., Simsek, E., Sirasva, B. K., Sirois, Y., Song, S., Song, Y., Soudais, G., Sriram, S., Jacques, R. R. St, Leiton, A. G. Stahl, Steen, A., Stein, J., Strait, J., Strobbe, N., Su, X., Sukhov, E., Suleiman, A., Cerci, D. Sunar, Suryadevara, P., Swain, K., Syal, C., Tali, B., Tanay, K., Tang, W., Tanvir, A., Tao, J., Tarabini, A., Tatli, T., Taylor, R., Taysi, Z. C., Teafoe, G., Tee, C. Z., Terrill, W., Thienpont, D., Thomas, P. E., Thomas, R., Titov, M., Todd, C., Todd, E., Toms, M., Tosun, A., Troska, J., Tsai, L., Tsamalaidze, Z., Tsionou, D., Tsipolitis, G., Tsirigoti, M., Tu, R., Polat, S. N. Tural, Undleeb, S., Usai, E., Uslan, E., Ustinov, V., Uzunian, A., Vernazza, E., Viahin, O., Viazlo, O., Vichoudis, P., Vijay, A., Virdee, T., Voirin, E., Vojinovic, M., Vámi, T. Á., Wade, A., Walter, D., Wang, C., Wang, F., Wang, J., Wang, K., Wang, X., Wang, Y., Wang, Z., Wanlin, E., Wayne, M., Wetzel, J., Whitbeck, A., Wickwire, R., Wilmot, D., Wilson, J., Wu, H., Xiao, M., Yang, J., Yazici, B., Ye, Y., Yerli, B., Yetkin, T., Yi, R., Yohay, R., Yu, T., Yuan, C., Yuan, X., Yuksel, O., YushmanoV, I., Yusuff, I., Zabi, A., Zareckis, D., Zehetner, P., Zghiche, A., Zhang, C., Zhang, D., Zhang, H., Zhang, J., Zhang, Z., Zhao, X., Zhong, J., Zhou, Y., and Zorbilmez, Ç.

Subjects
Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, High Energy Physics - Experiment, Physics - Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability
Abstract

A novel method to reconstruct the energy of hadronic showers in the CMS High Granularity Calorimeter (HGCAL) is presented. The HGCAL is a sampling calorimeter with very fine transverse and longitudinal granularity. The active media are silicon sensors and scintillator tiles readout by SiPMs and the absorbers are a combination of lead and Cu/CuW in the electromagnetic section, and steel in the hadronic section. The shower reconstruction method is based on graph neural networks and it makes use of a dynamic reduction network architecture. It is shown that the algorithm is able to capture and mitigate the main effects that normally hinder the reconstruction of hadronic showers using classical reconstruction methods, by compensating for fluctuations in the multiplicity, energy, and spatial distributions of the shower's constituents. The performance of the algorithm is evaluated using test beam data collected in 2018 prototype of the CMS HGCAL accompanied by a section of the CALICE AHCAL prototype. The capability of the method to mitigate the impact of energy leakage from the calorimeter is also demonstrated.

Published
2024
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3. Maximum Erd\H{o}s-Ko-Rado sets of chambers and their antidesigns in vector-spaces of even dimension

Author

Heering, Philipp, Lansdown, Jesse, and Metsch, Klaus

Subjects
Mathematics - Combinatorics
Abstract

A chamber of the vector space $\mathbb{F}_q^n$ is a set $\{S_1,\dots,S_{n-1}\}$ of subspaces of $\mathbb{F}_q^n$ where $S_1\subset S_2\subset \dotso \subset S_{n-1}$ and $\dim(S_i)=i$ for $i=1,\dots,n-1$. By $\Gamma_n(q)$ we denote the graph whose vertices are the chambers of $\mathbb{F}_q^n$ with two chambers $C_1=\{S_1,\dots,S_{n-1}\}$ and $C_2=\{T_1,\dots,T_{n-1}\}$ adjacent in $\Gamma_n(q)$, if $S_i\cap T_{n-i}=\{0\}$ for $i=1,\dots,n-1$. The Erd\H{o}s-Ko-Rado problem on chambers is equivalent to determining the structure of independent sets of $\Gamma_n(q)$. The independence number of this graph was determined in [7] for $n$ even and given a subspace $P$ of dimension one, the set of all chambers whose subspaces of dimension $\frac n2$ contain $P$ attains the bound. The dual example of course also attains the bound. It remained open in [7] whether or not these are all maximum independent sets. Using a description from [6] of the eigenspace for the smallest eigenvalue of this graph, we prove an Erd\H{o}s-Ko-Rado theorem on chambers of $\mathbb{F}_q^n$ for sufficiently large $q$, giving an affirmative answer for n even.

Published
2024

4. On the largest independent sets in the Kneser graph on chambers of PG(4,q)

Author

Heering, Philipp

Subjects
Mathematics - Combinatorics, 05C69 (Primary) 51E20, 05B25 (Secondary)
Abstract

Let $\Gamma_4$ be the graph whose vertices are the chambers of the finite projective $4$-space PG(4,q), with two vertices being adjacent if the corresponding chambers are in general position. For $q\geq 749 $ we show that $\alpha:=(q^2+q+1)(q^3+2q^2+q+1)(q+1)^2$ is the independence number of $\Gamma_4$ and the geometric structure of independent sets with $\alpha$ vertices is described.

Published
2024

5. The Impact of Privacy and Security Attitudes and Concerns of Travellers on Their Willingness to Use Mobility-as-a-Service Systems

Author

Heering, Maria Sophia, Yuan, Haiyue, and Li, Shujun

Subjects
Computer Science - Cryptography and Security, Computer Science - Computers and Society
Abstract

This paper reports results from an online survey on the impact of travellers' privacy and security attitudes and concerns on their willingness to use mobility-as-a-service (MaaS) systems. This study is part of a larger project that aims at investigating barriers to potential MaaS uptake. The online survey was designed to cover data privacy and security attitudes and concerns as well as a variety of socio-psychological and socio-demographic variables associated with travellers' intentions to use MaaS systems. The study involved $n=320$ UK participants recruited via the Prolific survey platform. Overall, correlation analysis and a multiple regression model indicated that, neither attitudes nor concerns of participants over the privacy and security of personal data would significantly impact their decisions to use MaaS systems, which was an unexpected result, however, their trust in (commercial and governmental) websites would. Another surprising result is that, having been a victim of improper invasion of privacy did not appear to affect individuals' intentions to use MaaS systems, whereas frequency with which one heard about misuse of personal data did. Implications of the results and future directions are also discussed, e.g., MaaS providers are encouraged to work on improving the trustworthiness of their corporate image., Comment: Please cite this paper as follows: Maria Sophia Heering, Haiyue Yuan and Shujun Li (2023) The Impact of Privacy and Security Attitudes and Concerns of Travellers on Their Willingness to Use Mobility-as-a-Service Systems. Proceedings of the 2023 IEEE 26th International Conference on Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITSC 2023), pp.5573-5578, IEEE, doi: 10.1109/ITSC57777.2023.10422468

Published
2023
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6. Maximal cocliques and the chromatic number of the Kneser graph on chambers of PG$(3,q)$

Author

Heering, Philipp and Metsch, Klaus

Subjects
Mathematics - Combinatorics, 05C69 (Primary) 51E20, 05C15 (Secondary)
Abstract

Let $\Gamma$ be the graph whose vertices are the chambers of the finite projective $3$-space PG$(3,q)$, with two vertices being adjacent if and only if the corresponding chambers are in general position. We show that a maximal independent set of vertices of $\Gamma$ contains $q^4+3q^3+4q^2+3q+1$, or $3q^3+5q^2+3q+1$, or at most $3q^3+4q^2+3q+2$ elements. For $q\geq 4$ the structure of the largest maximal independent sets is described. For $q\geq 7$ the structure of the maximal independent sets of the three largest cardinalities is described. Using the cardinality of the second largest maximal independent sets, we show that the chromatic number of $\Gamma$ is $q^2+q$.

Published
2023

7. Critical assessment of LC3/GABARAP ligands used for degrader development and ligandability of LC3/GABARAP binding pockets

Author

Schwalm, Martin P., Dopfer, Johannes, Kumar, Adarsh, Greco, Francesco A., Bauer, Nicolas, Löhr, Frank, Heering, Jan, Cano-Franco, Sara, Lechner, Severin, Hanke, Thomas, Jaser, Ivana, Morasch, Viktoria, Lenz, Christopher, Fearon, Daren, Marples, Peter G., Tomlinson, Charles W. E., Brunello, Lorene, Saxena, Krishna, Adams, Nathan B. P., von Delft, Frank, Müller, Susanne, Stolz, Alexandra, Proschak, Ewgenij, Kuster, Bernhard, Knapp, Stefan, and Rogov, Vladimir V.

Published
2024
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9. Integration of thermo-electric coolers into the CMS MTD SiPM arrays for operation under high neutron fluence

Author

Bornheim, A., Lustermann, W., Stachon, K., Gutiérrez, G. Reales, Benaglia, A., De Guio, F., Ghezzi, A., Lucchini, M. T., Malberti, M., Palluotto, S., de Fatis, T. Tabarelli, Benettoni, M., Carlin, R., Tosi, M., Rossin, R., Meridiani, P., Paramatti, R., Santanastasio, F., Silva, J. C., Varela, J., Heering, A., Karneyeu, A., Musienko, Y., Wayne, M., Anderson, T., Cox, B., Lara, C. E. Perez, Ledovskoy, A., White, S., and Schmidt, I.

Subjects
Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract

The barrel section of the novel MIP Timing Detector (MTD) will be constructed as part of the upgrade of the CMS experiment to provide a time resolution for single charged tracks in the range of $30-60$ ps using LYSO:Ce crystal arrays read out with Silicon Photomultipliers (SiPMs). A major challenge for the operation of such a detector is the extremely high radiation level, of about $2\times10^{14}$ 1 MeV(Si) Eqv. n/cm$^2$, that will be integrated over a decade of operation of the High Luminosity Large Hadron Collider (HL-LHC). Silicon Photomultipliers exposed to this level of radiation have shown a strong increase in dark count rate and radiation damage effects that also impact their gain and photon detection efficiency. For this reason during operations the whole detector is cooled down to about $-35^{\circ}$C. In this paper we illustrate an innovative and cost-effective solution to mitigate the impact of radiation damage on the timing performance of the detector, by integrating small thermo-electric coolers (TECs) on the back of the SiPM package. This additional feature, fully integrated as part of the SiPM array, enables a further decrease in operating temperature down to about $-45^{\circ}$C. This leads to a reduction by a factor of about two in the dark count rate without requiring additional power budget, since the power required by the TEC is almost entirely offset by a decrease in the power required for the SiPM operation due to leakage current. In addition, the operation of the TECs with reversed polarity during technical stops of the accelerator can raise the temperature of the SiPMs up to $60^{\circ}$C (about $50^{\circ}$C higher than the rest of the detector), thus accelerating the annealing of radiation damage effects and partly recovering the SiPM performance.

Published
2023
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11. Characterization of incentive compatible single-parameter mechanisms revisited

Author

Apt, Krzysztof R. and Heering, Jan

Subjects
Computer Science - Computer Science and Game Theory
Abstract

We reexamine the characterization of incentive compatible single-parameter mechanisms introduced in Archer & Tardos(2001). We argue that the claimed uniqueness result, called `Myerson's Lemma' was not well established. We provide an elementary proof of uniqueness that unifies the presentation for two classes of allocation functions used in the literature and show that the general case is a consequence of a little known result from the theory of real functions. We also clarify that our proof of uniqueness is more elementary than the previous one. Finally, by generalizing our characterization result to more dimensions, we provide alternative proofs of revenue equivalence results for multiunit auctions and combinatorial auctions., Comment: 17 pages

Published
2022
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12. Performance of the CMS High Granularity Calorimeter prototype to charged pion beams of 20$-$300 GeV/c

Author

Acar, B., Adamov, G., Adloff, C., Afanasiev, S., Akchurin, N., Akgün, B., Alhusseini, M., Alison, J., de Almeida, J. P. Figueiredo de sa Sousa, de Almeida, P. G. Dias, Alpana, A., Alyari, M., Andreev, I., Aras, U., Aspell, P., Atakisi, I. O., Bach, O., Baden, A., Bakas, G., Bakshi, A., Banerjee, S., DeBarbaro, P., Bargassa, P., Barney, D., Beaudette, F., Beaujean, F., Becheva, E., Becker, A., Behera, P., Belloni, A., Bergauer, T., Berni, M. El, Besancon, M., Bhattacharya, S., Bhowmik, D., Bilki, B., Bilokin, S., Blazey, G. C., Blekman, F., Bloch, P., Bodek, A., Bonanomi, M., Bonis, J., Bonnemaison, A., Bonomally, S., Borg, J., Bouyjou, F., Bower, N., Braga, D., Brennan, L., Brianne, E., Brondolin, E., Bryant, P., Buhmann, E., Buhmann, P., Butler-Nalin, A., Bychkova, O., Callier, S., Calvet, D., Canderan, K., Cankocak, K., Cao, X., Cappati, A., Caraway, B., Caregari, S., Carty, C., Cauchois, A., Ceard, L., Cerci, D. S., Cerci, S., Cerminara, G., Chadeeva, M., Charitonidis, N., Chatterjee, R., Chen, J. A., Chen, Y. M., Cheng, H. J., Cheng, K. Y., Cheung, H., Chokheli, D., Cipriani, M., Čoko, D., Couderc, F., Cuba, E., Danilov, M., Dannheim, D., Daoud, W., Das, I., Dauncey, P., Davies, G., Davignon, O., Day, E., Debbins, P., Defranchis, M. M., Delagnes, E., Demiragli, Z., Demirbas, U., Derylo, G., Diaz, D., Diehl, L., Dinaucourt, P., Dincer, G. G., Dittmann, J., Dragicevic, M., Dugad, S., Dulucq, F., Dumanoglu, I., Dünser, M., Dutta, S., Dutta, V., Edberg, T. K., Elias, F., Emberger, L., Eno, S. C., Ershov, Yu., Extier, S., Fahim, F., Fallon, C., Fard, K. Sarbandi, Fedi, G., Ferragina, L., Forthomme, L., Frahm, E., Franzoni, G., Freeman, J., French, T., Gadow, K., Gandhi, P., Ganjour, S., Gao, X., Garcia, M. T. Ramos, Garcia-Bellido, A., Garutti, E., Gastaldi, F., Gastler, D., Gecse, Z., Germer, A., Gerwig, H., Gevin, O., Ghosh, S., Gilbert, A., Gilbert, W., Gill, K., Gingu, C., Gninenko, S., Golunov, A., Golutvin, I., Gonultas, B., Gorbounov, N., Göttlicher, P., Gouskos, L., Graf, C., Gray, A. B., Grieco, C., Gr\"önroos, S., Gu, Y., Guilloux, F., Guler, E. Gurpinar, Guler, Y., Gülmez, E., Guo, J., Gutti, H., Hakimi, A., Hammer, M., Hartbrich, O., Hassanshahi, H. M., Hatakeyama, K., Hazen, E., Heering, A., Hegde, V., Heintz, U., Heuchel, D., Hinton, N., Hirschauer, J., Hoff, J., Hou, W. S., Hou, X., Hua, H., Huck, S., Hussain, A., Incandela, J., Irles, A., Irshad, A., Isik, C., Jain, S., Jaroslavceva, J., Jheng, H. R., Joshi, U., Kaadze, K., Kachanov, V., Kalipoliti, L., Kaminskiy, A., Kanuganti, A. R., Kao, Y. W., Kapoor, A., Kara, O., Karneyeu, A., Kałuzińska, O., Kaya, M., Kaya, O., Kazhykharim, Y., Khan, F. A., Khukhunaishvili, A., Kieseler, J., Kilpatrick, M., Kim, S., Koetz, K., Kolberg, T., Komm, M., Köseyan, O. K., Kraus, V., Krawczyk, M., Kristiansen, K., Kristić, A., Krohn, M., Kronheim, B., Krüger, K., Kulis, S., Kumar, M., Kunori, S., Kuo, C. M., Kuryatkov, V., Kvasnicka, J., Kyre, S., Lai, Y., Lamichhane, K., Landsberg, G., Lange, C., Langford, J., Laurien, S., Lee, M. Y., Lee, S. W., Leiton, A. G. Stahl, Levin, A., Li, A., Li, J. H., Li, Y. Y., Liang, Z., Liao, H., Lin, Z., Lincoln, D., Linssen, L., Lipton, R., Liu, G., Liu, Y., Lobanov, A., Lohezic, V., Lomidze, D., Lu, R. S., Lu, S., Lupi, M., Lysova, I., Magnan, A. -M., Magniette, F., Mahjoub, A., Martens, S., Matysek, M., Meier, B., Malakhov, A., Mallios, S., Mandjavize, I., Mannelli, M., Mans, J., Marchioro, A., Martelli, A., Martinez, G., Masterson, P., Matthewman, M., Mayekar, S. N., David, A., Coco, S., Meng, B., Menkel, A ., Mestvirishvili, A., Milella, G., Mirza, I., Moccia, S., Mohanty, G. B., Monti, F., Moortgat, F. W., Morrissey, I., Motta, J., Murthy, S., Musić, J., Musienko, Y., Nabili, S., Nguyen, M., Nikitenko, A., Noonan, D., Noy, M., Nurdan, K., Nursanto, M. Wulansatiti, Ochando, C., Odell, N., Okawa, H., Onel, Y., Ortez, W., Ozegović, J., Ozkorucuklu, S., Paganis, E., Palmer, C. A., Pandey, S., Pantaleo, F., Papageorgakis, C., Papakrivopoulos, I., Paranjpe, M., Parshook, J., Pastika, N., Paulini, M., Peitzmann, T., Peltola, T., Peng, N., Perraguin, A. Buchot, Petiot, P., Pierre-Emile, T., Pinto, M. Vicente Barreto, Popova, E., Pöschl, R., Prosper, H., Prvan, M., Puljak, I., Qasim, S. R., Qu, H., Quast, T., Quinn, R., Quinnan, M., Rane, A., Rao, K. K., Rapacz, K., Raux, L., Redjeb, W., Reinecke, M., Revering, M., Richard, F., Roberts, A., Sanchez, A. M., Rohlf, J., Rolph, J., Romanteau, T., Rosado, M., Rose, A., Rovere, M., Roy, A., Rubinov, P., Rusack, R., Rusinov, V., Ryjov, V., Sahin, O. M., Salerno, R., Saradhy, R., Sarkar, T., Sarkisla, M. A., Sauvan, J. B., Schmidt, I., Schmitt, M., Schuwalow, S., Scott, E., Seez, C., Sefkow, F., Selivanova, D., Sharma, S., Shelake, M., Shenai, A., Shukla, R., Sicking, E., De, M., Silva, P., Simkina, P., Simon, F., Simsek, A. E., Sirois, Y., Smirnov, V., Sobering, T. J., Spencer, E., Srimanobhas, N., Steen, A., Strait, J., Strobbe, N., Su, X. F., Sudo, Y., Suarez, C. Mantilla, Sukhov, E., Sulak, L., Sun, L., Suryadevara, P., Syal, C., de La Taille, C., Tali, B., Tan, C. L., Tao, J., Tarabini, A., Tatli, T., Thaus, R., Taylor, R. D., Tekten, S., Thiebault, A., Thienpont, D., Tiley, C., Tiras, E., Titov, M., Tlisov, D., Tok, U. G., Kayis, A., Troska, J., Tsai, L. S., Tsamalaidze, Z., Tsipolitis, G., Tsirou, A., Undleeb, S., Urbanski, D., Uslan, E., Ustinov, V., Uzunian, A., Varela, J., Velasco, M., Vernazza, E., Viazlo, O., Vichoudis, P., Virdee, T., Voirin, E., Vojinovi\c, M., Vojinovic, M., Wade, A., Wang, C., Wang, C. C., Wang, D., Wang, F., Wang, X., Wang, Z., Wayne, M., Webb, S. N., Whitbeck, A., Wickwire, R., Wilson, J. S., Wu, H. Y., Wu, L., Xiao, M., Yang, J., Yeh, C. H, Yohay, R., Yu, D., Yu, S. S., Yuan, C., Miao, Y., Yumiceva, F., Yusuff, I., Zabi, A., Zacharopoulou, A., Zamiatin, N., Zarubin, A., Zehetner, P., Zerwas, D., Zhang, H., Zhang, J., Zhang, Y., Zhang, Z., and Zhao, X.

Subjects
Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Abstract

The upgrade of the CMS experiment for the high luminosity operation of the LHC comprises the replacement of the current endcap calorimeter by a high granularity sampling calorimeter (HGCAL). The electromagnetic section of the HGCAL is based on silicon sensors interspersed between lead and copper (or copper tungsten) absorbers. The hadronic section uses layers of stainless steel as an absorbing medium and silicon sensors as an active medium in the regions of high radiation exposure, and scintillator tiles directly readout by silicon photomultipliers in the remaining regions. As part of the development of the detector and its readout electronic components, a section of a silicon-based HGCAL prototype detector along with a section of the CALICE AHCAL prototype was exposed to muons, electrons and charged pions in beam test experiments at the H2 beamline at the CERN SPS in October 2018. The AHCAL uses the same technology as foreseen for the HGCAL but with much finer longitudinal segmentation. The performance of the calorimeters in terms of energy response and resolution, longitudinal and transverse shower profiles is studied using negatively charged pions, and is compared to GEANT4 predictions. This is the first report summarizing results of hadronic showers measured by the HGCAL prototype using beam test data., Comment: Accepted for publication by JINST

Published
2022

15. Response of a CMS HGCAL silicon-pad electromagnetic calorimeter prototype to 20-300 GeV positrons

Author

Acar, B., Adamov, G., Adloff, C., Afanasiev, S., Akchurin, N., Akgün, B., Khan, F. Alam, Alhusseini, M., Alison, J., Alpana, A., Altopp, G., Alyari, M., An, S., Anagul, S., Andreev, I., Aspell, P., Atakisi, I. O., Bach, O., Baden, A., Bakas, G., Bakshi, A., Bannerjee, S., Bargassa, P., Barney, D., Beaudette, F., Beaujean, F., Becheva, E., Becker, A., Behera, P., Belloni, A., Bergauer, T., Besancon, M., Bhattacharya, S., Bhowmik, D., Bilki, B., Bloch, P., Bodek, A., Bonanomi, M., Bonnemaison, A., Bonomally, S., Borg, J., Bouyjou, F., Bower, N., Braga, D., Brashear, J., Brondolin, E., Bryant, P., Perraguin, A. Buchot, Bueghly, J., Burkle, B., Butler-Nalin, A., Bychkova, O., Callier, S., Calvet, D., Cao, X., Cappati, A., Caraway, B., Caregari, S., Cauchois, A., Ceard, L., Cekmecelioglu, Y. C., Cerci, S., Cerminara, G., Chadeeva, M., Charitonidis, N., Chatterjee, R., Chen, Y. M., Chen, Z., Cheng, H. J., Cheng, K. y., Chernichenko, S., Cheung, H., Chien, C. H., Choudhury, S., Čoko, D., Collura, G., Couderc, F., Danilov, M., Dannheim, D., Daoud, W., Dauncey, P., David, A., Davies, G., Davignon, O., Day, E., DeBarbaro, P., De Guio, F., de La Taille, C., De Silva, M., Debbins, P., Defranchis, M. M., Delagnes, E., Berrio, J. M. Deltoro, Derylo, G., de Almeida, P. G. Dias, Diaz, D., Dinaucourt, P., Dittmann, J., Dragicevic, M., Dugad, S., Dulucq, F., Dumanoglu, I., Dutta, V., Dutta, S., Dünser, M., Eckdahl, J., Edberg, T. K., Berni, M. El, Elias, F., Eno, S. C., Ershov, Yu., Everaerts, P., Extier, S., Fahim, F., Fallon, C., Fedi, G., Alves, B. A. Fontana Santos, Frahm, E., Franzoni, G., Freeman, J., French, T., Gandhi, P., Ganjour, S., Gao, X., Garcia-Bellido, A., Gastaldi, F., Gecse, Z., Geerebaert, Y., Gerwig, H., Gevin, O., Ghosh, S., Gilbert, A., Gilbert, W., Gill, K., Gingu, C., Gninenko, S., Golunov, A., Golutvin, I., Gonzalez, T., Gorbounov, N., Gouskos, L., Gray, A. B., Gu, Y., Guilloux, F., Guler, Y., Gülmez, E., Guo, J., Guler, E. Gurpinar, Hammer, M., Hassanshahi, H. M., Hatakeyama, K., Heering, A., Hegde, V., Heintz, U., Hinton, N., Hirschauer, J., Hoff, J., Hou, W. -S., Hou, X., Hua, H., Incandela, J., Irshad, A., Isik, C., Jain, S., Jheng, H. R., Joshi, U., Kachanov, V., Kalinin, A., Kalipoliti, L., Kaminskiy, A., Kapoor, A., Kara, O., Karneyeu, A., Kaya, M., Kaya, O., Topaksu, A. Kayis, Khukhunaishvili, A., Kiesler, J., Kilpatrick, M., Kim, S., Koetz, K., Kolberg, T., Köseyan, O. K., Kristić, A., Krohn, M., Krüger, K., Kulagin, N., Kulis, S., Kunori, S., Kuo, C. M., Kuryatkov, V., Kyre, S., Lai, Y., Lamichhane, K., Landsberg, G., Lange, C., Langford, J., Lee, M. Y., Levin, A., Li, A., Li, B., Li, J. H., Li, Y. y., Liao, H., Lincoln, D., Linssen, L., Lipton, R., Liu, Y., Lobanov, A., Lu, R. -S., Lupi, M., Lysova, I., Magnan, A. -M., Magniette, F., Mahjoub, A., Maier, A. A., Malakhov, A., Mallios, S., Mandjavize, I., Mannelli, M., Mans, J., Marchioro, A., Martelli, A., Martinez, G., Masterson, P., Meng, B., Mengke, T., Mestvirishvili, A., Mirza, I., Moccia, S., Mohanty, G. B., Monti, F., Morrissey, I., Murthy, S., Musić, J., Musienko, Y., Nabili, S., Nagar, A., Nguyen, M., Nikitenko, A., Noonan, D., Noy, M., Nurdan, K., Ochando, C., Odegard, B., Odell, N., Okawa, H., Onel, Y., Ortez, W., Ozegović, J., Ozkorucuklu, S., Paganis, E., Pagenkopf, D., Palladino, V., Pandey, S., Pantaleo, F., Papageorgakis, C., Papakrivopoulos, I., Parshook, J., Pastika, N., Paulini, M., Paulitsch, P., Peltola, T., Gomes, R. Pereira, Perkins, H., Petiot, P., Pierre-Emile, T., Pitters, F., Popova, E., Prosper, H., Prvan, M., Puljak, I., Qu, H., Quast, T., Quinn, R., Quinnan, M., Garcia, M. T. Ramos, Rao, K. K., Rapacz, K., Raux, L., Reichenbach, G., Reinecke, M., Revering, M., Roberts, A., Romanteau, T., Rose, A., Rovere, M., Roy, A., Rubinov, P., Rusack, R., Rusinov, V., Ryjov, V., Sahin, O. M., Salerno, R., Rodriguez, A. M. Sanchez, Saradhy, R., Sarkar, T., Sarkisla, M. A., Sauvan, J. B., Schmidt, I., Schmitt, M., Scott, E., Seez, C., Sefkow, F., Sharma, S., Shein, I., Shenai, A., Shukla, R., Sicking, E., Sieberer, P., Silva, P., Simsek, A. E., Sirois, Y., Smirnov, V., Sozbilir, U., Spencer, E., Steen, A., Strait, J., Strobbe, N., Su, J. W., Sukhov, E., Sun, L., Cerci, D. Sunar, Syal, C., Tali, B., Tan, C. L., Tao, J., Tastan, I., Tatli, T., Thaus, R., Tekten, S., Thienpont, D., Tiras, E., Titov, M., Tlisov, D., Tok, U. G., Troska, J., Tsai, L. -S., Tsamalaidze, Z., Tsipolitis, G., Tsirou, A., Tyurin, N., Undleeb, S., Urbanski, D., Ustinov, V., Uzunian, A., Van de Klundert, M., Varela, J., Velasco, M., Viazlo, O., Pinto, M. Vicente Barreto, Virdee, P. Vichoudis T., de Oliveira, R. Vizinho, Voelker, J., Voirin, E., Vojinovic, M., Wade, A., Wang, C., Wang, F., Wang, X., Wang, Z., Wayne, M., Webb, S. N., Whitbeck, A., White, D., Wickwire, R., Wilson, J. S., Winter, D., Wu, H. y., Wu, L., Nursanto, M. Wulansatiti, Yeh, C. H, Yohay, R., Yu, D., Yu, G. B., Yu, S. S., Yuan, C., Yumiceva, F., Yusuff, I., Zacharopoulou, A., Zamiatin, N., Zarubin, A., Zenz, S., Zghiche, A., Zhang, H., Zhang, J., Zhang, Y., and Zhang, Z.

Subjects
Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract

The Compact Muon Solenoid Collaboration is designing a new high-granularity endcap calorimeter, HGCAL, to be installed later this decade. As part of this development work, a prototype system was built, with an electromagnetic section consisting of 14 double-sided structures, providing 28 sampling layers. Each sampling layer has an hexagonal module, where a multipad large-area silicon sensor is glued between an electronics circuit board and a metal baseplate. The sensor pads of approximately 1 cm$^2$ are wire-bonded to the circuit board and are readout by custom integrated circuits. The prototype was extensively tested with beams at CERN's Super Proton Synchrotron in 2018. Based on the data collected with beams of positrons, with energies ranging from 20 to 300 GeV, measurements of the energy resolution and linearity, the position and angular resolutions, and the shower shapes are presented and compared to a detailed Geant4 simulation.

Published
2021
Full Text
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16. Test beam characterization of sensor prototypes for the CMS Barrel MIP Timing Detector

Author

Abbott, R., Abreu, A., Addesa, F., Alhusseini, M., Anderson, T., Andreev, Y., Apresyan, A., Arcidiacono, R., Arenton, M., Auffray, E., Bastos, D., Bauerdick, L. A. T., Bellan, R., Bellato, M., Benaglia, A., Benettoni, M., Bertoni, R., Besancon, M., Bharthuar, S., Bornheim, A., Brücken, E., Butler, J. N., Campagnari, C., Campana, M., Carlin, R., Carniti, P., Cartiglia, N., Casarsa, M., Cerri, O., Checchia, P., Chen, H., Chidzik, S., Chlebana, F., Cossutti, F., Costa, M., Cox, B., Dafinei, I., De Guio, F., Debbins, P., del Re, D., Dermenev, A., Di Marco, E., Dilsiz, K., Di Petrillo, K. F., Dissertori, G., Dogra, S., Dosselli, U., Dutta, I., Caleb, F., Madrazo, C. Fernandez, Fernandez, M., Ferrero, M., Flowers, Z., Funk, W., Gallinaro, M., Ganjour, S., Gardner, M., Geurts, F., Ghezzi, A., Gninenko, S., Golf, F., Gonzalez, J., Gotti, C., Gray, L., Guilloux, F., Gundacker, S., Hazen, E., Hedia, S., Heering, A., Heller, R., Isidori, T., Isocrate, R., Jaramillo, R., Joyce, M., Kaadze, K., Karneyeu, A., Kim, H., King, J., Kopp, G., Korjik, M., Koseyan, O. K., Kozyrev, A., Kratochwil, N., Lazarovits, M., Ledovskoy, A., Lee, H., Lee, J., Li, A., Li, S., Li, W., Liu, T., Lu, N., Lucchini, M., Lustermann, W., Madrid, C., Malberti, M., Mandjavize, I., Mao, J., Maravin, Y., Marlow, D., Marsh, B., del Arbol, P. Martinez, Marzocchi, B., Mazza, R., McMahon, C., Mechinsky, V., Meridiani, P., Mestvirishvili, A., Minafra, N., Mohammadi, A., Monti, F., Moon, C. S., Mulargia, R., Murray, M., Musienko, Y., Nachtman, J., Nargelas, S., Narvaez, L., Neogi, O., Neu, C., Niknejad, T., Obertino, M., Ogul, H., Oh, G., Ojalvo, I., Onel, Y., Organtini, G., Orimoto, T., Ott, J., Ovtin, I., Paganoni, M., Pandolfi, F., Paramatti, R., Peck, A., Perez, C., Pessina, G., Pena, C., Pigazzini, S., Radchenko, O., Redaelli, N., Rigoni, D., Robutti, E., Rogan, C., Rossin, R., Rovelli, C., Royon, C., Sahin, M. Ö., Sands, W., Santanastasio, F., Sarica, U., Schmidt, I., Schmitz, R., Sheplock, J., Silva, J. C., Siviero, F., Soffi, L., Sola, V., Sorrentino, G., Spiropulu, M., Spitzbart, D., Leiton, A. G. Stahl, Staiano, A., Stuart, D., Suarez, I., de Fatis, T. Tabarelli, Tamulaitis, G., Tang, Y., Tannenwald, B., Taylor, R., Tiras, E., Titov, M., Tkaczyk, S., Tlisov, D., Tlisova, I., Tornago, M., Tosi, M., Tramontano, R., Trevor, J., Tully, C. G., Ujvari, B., Varela, J., Ventura, S., Vila, I., Wamorkar, T., Wang, C., Wang, X., Wayne, M., Wetzel, J., White, S., Winn, D., Wu, S., Xie, S., Ye, Z., Yu, G. B., Zhang, G., Zhang, L., Zhang, Y., Zhang, Z., and Zhu, R.

Subjects
Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Abstract

The MIP Timing Detector will provide additional timing capabilities for detection of minimum ionizing particles (MIPs) at CMS during the High Luminosity LHC era, improving event reconstruction and pileup rejection. The central portion of the detector, the Barrel Timing Layer (BTL), will be instrumented with LYSO:Ce crystals and Silicon Photomultipliers (SiPMs) providing a time resolution of about 30 ps at the beginning of operation, and degrading to 50-60 ps at the end of the detector lifetime as a result of radiation damage. In this work, we present the results obtained using a 120 GeV proton beam at the Fermilab Test Beam Facility to measure the time resolution of unirradiated sensors. A proof-of-concept of the sensor layout proposed for the barrel region of the MTD, consisting of elongated crystal bars with dimensions of about 3 x 3 x 57 mm$^3$ and with double-ended SiPM readout, is demonstrated. This design provides a robust time measurement independent of the impact point of the MIP along the crystal bar. We tested LYSO:Ce bars of different thickness (2, 3, 4 mm) with a geometry close to the reference design and coupled to SiPMs manufactured by Hamamatsu and Fondazione Bruno Kessler. The various aspects influencing the timing performance such as the crystal thickness, properties of the SiPMs (e.g. photon detection efficiency), and impact angle of the MIP are studied. A time resolution of about 28 ps is measured for MIPs crossing a 3 mm thick crystal bar, corresponding to an MPV energy deposition of 2.6 MeV, and of 22 ps for the 4.2 MeV MPV energy deposition expected in the BTL, matching the detector performance target for unirradiated devices.

Published
2021
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17. Construction and commissioning of CMS CE prototype silicon modules

Author

Acar, B., Adamov, G., Adloff, C., Afanasiev, S., Akchurin, N., Akgün, B., Alhusseini, M., Alison, J., Altopp, G., Alyari, M., An, S., Anagul, S., Andreev, I., Andrews, M., Aspell, P., Atakisi, I. A., Bach, O., Baden, A., Bakas, G., Bakshi, A., Bargassa, P., Barney, D., Becheva, E., Behera, P., Belloni, A., Bergauer, T., Besancon, M., Bhattacharya, S., Bhowmik, D., Bloch, P., Bodek, A., Bonanomi, M., Bonnemaison, A., Bonomally, S., Borg, J., Bouyjou, F., Braga, D., Brashear, J., Brondolin, E., Bryant, P., Bueghly, J., Bilki, B., Burkle, B., Butler-Nalin, A., Callier, S., Calvet, D., Cao, X., Caraway, B., Caregari, S., Ceard, L., Cekmecelioglu, Y. C., Cerminara, G., Charitonidis, N., Chatterjee, R., Chen, Y. M., Chen, Z., Cheng, K. y., Chernichenko, S., Cheung, H., Chien, C. H., Choudhury, S., Čoko, D., Collura, G., Couderc, F., Dumanoglu, I., Dannheim, D., Dauncey, P., David, A., Davies, G., Day, E., DeBarbaro, P., De Guio, F., de La Taille, C., De Silva, M., Debbins, P., Delagnes, E., Deltoro, J. M., Derylo, G., de Almeida, P. G. Dias, Diaz, D., Dinaucourt, P., Dittmann, J., Dragicevic, M., Dugad, S., Dutta, V., Dutta, S., Eckdahl, J., Edberg, T. K., Berni, M. El, Eno, S. C., Ershov, Yu., Everaerts, P., Extier, S., Fahim, F., Fallon, C., Alves, B. A. Fontana Santos, Frahm, E., Franzoni, G., Freeman, J., French, T., Guler, E. Gurpinar, Guler, Y., Gagnan, M., Gandhi, P., Ganjour, S., Garcia-Bellido, A., Gecse, Z., Geerebaert, Y., Gerwig, H., Gevin, O., Gilbert, W., Gilbert, A., Gill, K., Gingu, C., Gninenko, S., Golunov, A., Golutvin, I., Gonzalez, T., Gorbounov, N., Gouskos, L., Gu, Y., Guilloux, F., Gülmez, E., Hammer, M., Harilal, A., Hatakeyama, K., Heering, A., Hegde, V., Heintz, U., Hinger, V., Hinton, N., Hirschauer, J., Hoff, J., Hou, W. S., Isik, C., Incandela, J., Jain, S., Jheng, H. R., Joshi, U., Kara, O., Kachanov, V., Kalinin, A., Kameshwar, R., Kaminskiy, A., Karneyeu, A., Kaya, O., Kaya, M., Khukhunaishvili, A., Kim, S., Koetz, K., Kolberg, T., Kristić, A., Krohn, M., Krüger, K., Kulagin, N., Kulis, S., Kunori, S., Kuo, C. M., Kuryatkov, V., Kyre, S., Köseyan, O. K., Lai, Y., Lamichhane, K., Landsberg, G., Langford, J., Lee, M. Y., Levin, A., Li, A., Li, B., Li, J. -H., Liao, H., Lincoln, D., Linssen, L., Lipton, R., Liu, Y., Lobanov, A., Lu, R. S., Lysova, I., Magnan, A. M., Magniette, F., Maier, A. A., Malakhov, A., Mandjavize, I., Mannelli, M., Mans, J., Marchioro, A., Martelli, A., Masterson, P., Meng, B., Mengke, T., Mestvirishvili, A., Mirza, I., Moccia, S., Morrissey, I., Mudholkar, T., Musić, J., Musienko, I., Nabili, S., Nagar, A., Nikitenko, A., Noonan, D., Noy, M., Nurdan, K., Ochando, C., Odegard, B., Odell, N., Onel, Y., Ortez, W., Ozegović, J., Rodriguez, L. Pacheco, Paganis, E., Pagenkopf, D., Palladino, V., Pandey, S., Pantaleo, F., Papageorgakis, C., Papakrivopoulos, I., Parshook, J., Pastika, N., Paulini, M., Paulitsch, P., Peltola, T., Gomes, R. Pereira, Perkins, H., Petiot, P., Pitters, F., Prosper, H., Prvan, M., Puljak, I., Quast, T., Quinn, R., Quinnan, M., Rapacz, K., Raux, L., Reichenbach, G., Reinecke, M., Revering, M., Rodriguez, A., Romanteau, T., Rose, A., Rovere, M., Roy, A., Rubinov, P., Rusack, R., Simsek, A. E., Sozbilir, U., Sahin, O. M., Sanchez, A., Saradhy, R., Sarkar, T., Sarkisla, M. A., Sauvan, J. B., Schmidt, I., Schmitt, M., Scott, E., Seez, C., Sefkow, F., Sharma, S., Shein, I., Shenai, A., Shukla, R., Sicking, E., Sieberer, P., Sirois, Y., Smirnov, V., Spencer, E., Steen, A., Strait, J., Strebler, T., Strobbe, N., Su, J. W., Sukhov, E., Sun, L., Sun, M., Syal, C., Tali, B., Tok, U. G., Topaksu, A. Kayis, Tan, C. L., Tastan, I., Tatli, T., Thaus, R., Tekten, S., Thienpont, D., Pierre-Emile, T., Tiras, E., Titov, M., Tlisov, D., Troska, J., Tsamalaidze, Z., Tsipolitis, G., Tsirou, A., Tyurin, N., Undleeb, S., Urbanski, D., Ustinov, V., Uzunian, A., van de Klundert, M., Varela, J., Velasco, M., Pinto, M. Vicente Barreto, da Silva, P. M., Virdee, T., de Oliveira, R. Vizinho, Voelker, J., Voirin, E., Wang, Z., Wang, X., Wang, F., Wayne, M., Webb, S. N., Weinberg, M., Whitbeck, A., White, D., Wickwire, R., Wilson, J. S., Wu, H. Y., Wu, L., Yeh, C. H, Yohay, R., Yu, G. B., Yu, S. S., Yu, D., Yumiceva, F., Zacharopoulou, A., Zamiatin, N., Zarubin, A., Zenz, S., Zhang, H., and Zhang, J.

Subjects
Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract

As part of its HL-LHC upgrade program, the CMS Collaboration is developing a High Granularity Calorimeter (CE) to replace the existing endcap calorimeters. The CE is a sampling calorimeter with unprecedented transverse and longitudinal readout for both electromagnetic (CE-E) and hadronic (CE-H) compartments. The calorimeter will be built with $\sim$30,000 hexagonal silicon modules. Prototype modules have been constructed with 6-inch hexagonal silicon sensors with cell areas of 1.1~$cm^2$, and the SKIROC2-CMS readout ASIC. Beam tests of different sampling configurations were conducted with the prototype modules at DESY and CERN in 2017 and 2018. This paper describes the construction and commissioning of the CE calorimeter prototype, the silicon modules used in the construction, their basic performance, and the methods used for their calibration., Comment: 35 pages, submitted to JINST

Published
2020

18. The DAQ system of the 12,000 Channel CMS High Granularity Calorimeter Prototype

Author

Acar, B., Adamov, G., Adloff, C., Afanasiev, S., Akchurin, N., Akgün, B., Alhusseini, M., Alison, J., Altopp, G., Alyari, M., An, S., Anagul, S., Andreev, I., Andrews, M., Aspell, P., Atakisi, I. A., Bach, O., Baden, A., Bakas, G., Bakshi, A., Bargassa, P., Barney, D., Becheva, E., Behera, P., Belloni, A., Bergauer, T., Besancon, M., Bhattacharya, S., Bhowmik, D., Bloch, P., Bodek, A., Bonanomi, M., Bonnemaison, A., Bonomally, S., Borg, J., Bouyjou, F., Braga, D., Brashear, J., Brondolin, E., Bryant, P., Bueghly, J., Bilki, B., Burkle, B., Butler-Nalin, A., Callier, S., Calvet, D., Cao, X., Caraway, B., Caregari, S., Ceard, L., Cekmecelioglu, Y. C., Cerminara, G., Charitonidis, N., Chatterjee, R., Chen, Y. M., Chen, Z., Cheng, K. y., Chernichenko, S., Cheung, H., Chien, C. H., Choudhury, S., Čoko, D., Collura, G., Couderc, F., Dumanoglu, I., Dannheim, D., Dauncey, P., David, A., Davies, G., Day, E., DeBarbaro, P., De Guio, F., de La Taille, C., De Silva, M., Debbins, P., Delagnes, E., Deltoro, J. M., Derylo, G., de Almeida, P. G. Dias, Diaz, D., Dinaucourt, P., Dittmann, J., Dragicevic, M., Dugad, S., Dutta, V., Dutta, S., Eckdahl, J., Edberg, T. K., Berni, M. El, Eno, S. C., Ershov, Yu., Everaerts, P., Extier, S., Fahim, F., Fallon, C., Alves, B. A. Fontana Santos, Frahm, E., Franzoni, G., Freeman, J., French, T., Guler, E. Gurpinar, Guler, Y., Gagnan, M., Gandhi, P., Ganjour, S., Garcia-Bellido, A., Gecse, Z., Geerebaert, Y., Gerwig, H., Gevin, O., Gilbert, W., Gilbert, A., Gill, K., Gingu, C., Gninenko, S., Golunov, A., Golutvin, I., Gonzalez, T., Gorbounov, N., Gouskos, L., Gu, Y., Guilloux, F., Gülmez, E., Hammer, M., Harilal, A., Hatakeyama, K., Heering, A., Hegde, V., Heintz, U., Hinger, V., Hinton, N., Hirschauer, J., Hoff, J., Hou, W. S., Isik, C., Incandela, J., Jain, S., Jheng, H. R., Joshi, U., Kara, O., Kachanov, V., Kalinin, A., Kameshwar, R., Kaminskiy, A., Karneyeu, A., Kaya, O., Kaya, M., Khukhunaishvili, A., Kim, S., Koetz, K., Kolberg, T., Kristić, A., Krohn, M., Krüger, K., Kulagin, N., Kulis, S., Kunori, S., Kuo, C. M., Kuryatkov, V., Kyre, S., Köseyan, O. K., Lai, Y., Lamichhane, K., Landsberg, G., Langford, J., Lee, M. Y., Levin, A., Li, A., Li, B., Li, J. -H., Liao, H., Lincoln, D., Linssen, L., Lipton, R., Liu, Y., Lobanov, A., Lu, R. S., Lysova, I., Magnan, A. M., Magniette, F., Maier, A. A., Malakhov, A., Mandjavize, I., Mannelli, M., Mans, J., Marchioro, A., Martelli, A., Masterson, P., Meng, B., Mengke, T., Mestvirishvili, A., Mirza, I., Moccia, S., Morrissey, I., Mudholkar, T., Musić, J., Musienko, I., Nabili, S., Nagar, A., Nikitenko, A., Noonan, D., Noy, M., Nurdan, K., Ochando, C., Odegard, B., Odell, N., Onel, Y., Ortez, W., Ozegović, J., Rodriguez, L. Pacheco, Paganis, E., Pagenkopf, D., Palladino, V., Pandey, S., Pantaleo, F., Papageorgakis, C., Papakrivopoulos, I., Parshook, J., Pastika, N., Paulini, M., Paulitsch, P., Peltola, T., Gomes, R. Pereira, Perkins, H., Petiot, P., Pitters, F., Prosper, H., Prvan, M., Puljak, I., Quast, T., Quinn, R., Quinnan, M., Rapacz, K., Raux, L., Reichenbach, G., Reinecke, M., Revering, M., Rodriguez, A., Romanteau, T., Rose, A., Rovere, M., Roy, A., Rubinov, P., Rusack, R., Simsek, A. E., Sozbilir, U., Sahin, O. M., Sanchez, A., Saradhy, R., Sarkar, T., Sarkisla, M. A., Sauvan, J. B., Schmidt, I., Schmitt, M., Scott, E., Seez, C., Sefkow, F., Sharma, S., Shein, I., Shenai, A., Shukla, R., Sicking, E., Sieberer, P., Sirois, Y., Smirnov, V., Spencer, E., Steen, A., Strait, J., Strebler, T., Strobbe, N., Su, J. W., Sukhov, E., Sun, L., Sun, M., Syal, C., Tali, B., Tok, U. G., Topaksu, A. Kayis, Tan, C. L., Tastan, I., Tatli, T., Thaus, R., Tekten, S., Thienpont, D., Pierre-Emile, T., Tiras, E., Titov, M., Tlisov, D., Troska, J., Tsamalaidze, Z., Tsipolitis, G., Tsirou, A., Tyurin, N., Undleeb, S., Urbanski, D., Ustinov, V., Uzunian, A., van de Klundert, M., Varela, J., Velasco, M., Pinto, M. Vicente Barreto, da Silva, P. M., Virdee, T., de Oliveira, R. Vizinho, Voelker, J., Voirin, E., Wang, Z., Wang, X., Wang, F., Wayne, M., Webb, S. N., Weinberg, M., Whitbeck, A., White, D., Wickwire, R., Wilson, J. S., Wu, H. Y., Wu, L., Yeh, C. H, Yohay, R., Yu, G. B., Yu, S. S., Yu, D., Yumiceva, F., Zacharopoulou, A., Zamiatin, N., Zarubin, A., Zenz, S., Zhang, H., and Zhang, J.

Subjects
Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract

The CMS experiment at the CERN LHC will be upgraded to accommodate the 5-fold increase in the instantaneous luminosity expected at the High-Luminosity LHC (HL-LHC). Concomitant with this increase will be an increase in the number of interactions in each bunch crossing and a significant increase in the total ionising dose and fluence. One part of this upgrade is the replacement of the current endcap calorimeters with a high granularity sampling calorimeter equipped with silicon sensors, designed to manage the high collision rates. As part of the development of this calorimeter, a series of beam tests have been conducted with different sampling configurations using prototype segmented silicon detectors. In the most recent of these tests, conducted in late 2018 at the CERN SPS, the performance of a prototype calorimeter equipped with ${\approx}12,000\rm{~channels}$ of silicon sensors was studied with beams of high-energy electrons, pions and muons. This paper describes the custom-built scalable data acquisition system that was built with readily available FPGA mezzanines and low-cost Raspberry PI computers.

Published
2020
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20. Digitized Waveform Signal Processing for Fast Timing: An Application to SiPM Timing in the Presence of Dark Count Noise

Author

White, Sebastian and Heering, Arjan

Subjects
Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, High Energy Physics - Experiment, Nuclear Experiment
Abstract

In this paper we illustrate techniques for digitized waveform signal processing of fast timing detectors. In the example discussed here, timing analysis of SiPM signals in the presence of high Dark Count Rates, a large data set of digitized waveforms is used to develop an optimal strategy relevant to the electronics front end design., Comment: submitted to the proceedings of IPRD19, Siena Italy Oct 2019. 10 pages, 10 figures

Published
2020
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22. Microscopic Characterisation of Photo Detectors from CMS Hadron Calorimeter

Author

Shukla, R A, Achanta, V G, Barbaro, P D, Dugad, S R, Heering, A, Gupta, S K, Mirza, I, Prabhu, S S, and Rumerio, P

Subjects
Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract

The CMS hadron Calorimeter is made of alternating layers of scintillating tiles and metals, such as brass or iron. The original photo detectors were hybrid units with a single accelerating gap called Hybrid Photo Diodes (HPD). Scintillating light was transmitted to the HPDs by means of optical fibers. During data taking at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC), the signal strength of scintillator tiles of detector units in the forward region degraded significantly due to the damage related to the amount of radiation to which the scintillator was exposed to. Scintillators suffer damage when exposed to radiation, however, the amount of damage observed was more than originally estimated. Several HPDs were removed during a detector shut down period. Microscopic scans of relative quantum efficiencies for few of these HPDs were made. The damage of the photocathode was determined to vary with the amount of optical signal transmitted by optical fibers to the HPD. Imprints of each fiber (1 mm) on the photocathode with varying damage within the same pixel were observed. Most of the observed reduction of the calorimeter signal can be attributed to localised damage of the photocathode., Comment: Article to be submitted to Review of Scientific Instruments

Published
2018

23. Discovery of the First in Vivo Active Inhibitors of the Soluble Epoxide Hydrolase Phosphatase Domain

Author

Kramer, Jan S, Woltersdorf, Stefano, Duflot, Thomas, Hiesinger, Kerstin, Lillich, Felix F, Knöll, Felix, Wittmann, Sandra K, Klingler, Franca-M, Brunst, Steffen, Chaikuad, Apirat, Morisseau, Christophe, Hammock, Bruce D, Buccellati, Carola, Sala, Angelo, Rovati, G Enrico, Leuillier, Matthieu, Fraineau, Sylvain, Rondeaux, Julie, Hernandez-Olmos, Victor, Heering, Jan, Merk, Daniel, Pogoryelov, Denys, Steinhilber, Dieter, Knapp, Stefan, Bellien, Jeremy, and Proschak, Ewgenij

Subjects
Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, 2.1 Biological and endogenous factors, Animals, Binding Sites, Catalytic Domain, Drug Design, Enzyme Inhibitors, Epoxide Hydrolases, Humans, Ligands, Male, Oxazoles, Phosphoric Monoester Hydrolases, Rats, Rats, Sprague-Dawley, Structure-Activity Relationship, Temperature, Medicinal and Biomolecular Chemistry, Organic Chemistry, Medicinal & Biomolecular Chemistry, Pharmacology and pharmaceutical sciences, Medicinal and biomolecular chemistry, Organic chemistry
Abstract

The emerging pharmacological target soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH) is a bifunctional enzyme exhibiting two different catalytic activities that are located in two distinct domains. Although the physiological role of the C-terminal hydrolase domain is well-investigated, little is known about its phosphatase activity, located in the N-terminal phosphatase domain of sEH (sEH-P). Herein we report the discovery and optimization of the first inhibitor of human and rat sEH-P that is applicable in vivo. X-ray structure analysis of the sEH phosphatase domain complexed with an inhibitor provides insights in the molecular basis of small-molecule sEH-P inhibition and helps to rationalize the structure-activity relationships. 4-(4-(3,4-Dichlorophenyl)-5-phenyloxazol-2-yl)butanoic acid (22b, SWE101) has an excellent pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic profile in rats and enables the investigation of the physiological and pathophysiological role of sEH-P in vivo.

Published
2019

24. Identification of a Chemical Probe for BLT2 Activation by Scaffold Hopping.

Author

Hernandez-Olmos, Victor, Heering, Jan, Ildefeld, Niklas, Ehrler, Johanna H. M., Kaps, Alexander, Rajkumar, Rinusha, Marinescu, Beatrice, Kaiser, Astrid, Macinkovic, Igor, Elewa, Mohammed A. F., Alnouri, Mohamad Wessam, Elson, Lewis, Schubert-Zsilavecz, Manfred, Kallenborn-Gerhardt, Wiebke, Schmidtko, Achim, Müller, Susanne, Offermanns, Stefan, Steinhilber, Dieter, Weigert, Andreas, and Proschak, Ewgenij

Published
2025
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30. Rutherford Visits Middle School: A Case Study on How Teachers Direct Attention to the Nature of Science through A Storytelling Approach

Author

Hansson, Lena, Arvidsson, Åsa, Heering, Peter, and Pendrill, Ann-Marie

Abstract

It has long been argued that nature of science (NOS) is an important part of science teaching. In the literature, many different approaches to NOS have been suggested. This article focuses on a storytelling approach, and builds on data from audio recordings from three middle-school (school year 6) classrooms. The three science classes are run by three science teachers who have been introduced to NOS and storytelling during a one-day workshop. These three teachers chose to tell the students a story about Ernest Rutherford. The stories told by the teachers, as well as the whole-class discussions afterwards, are analysed with respect to what NOS aspects were communicated. The results show that many different NOS aspects, such as the tentative nature of scientific models, empirical aspects of the scientific knowledge process, as well as human aspects of science, emerge in the context of the story about Rutherford and his work on the atomic model. The results indicate promising possibilities for storytelling as an approach to NOS teaching.

Published
2019
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35. Development of a Potent and Selective G2A (GPR132) Agonist.

Author

Hernandez-Olmos, Victor, Heering, Jan, Marinescu, Beatrice, Schermeng, Tina, Ivanov, Vladimir V., Moroz, Yurii S., Nevermann, Sheila, Mathes, Marius, Ehrler, Johanna H. M., Alnouri, Mohamad Wessam, Wolf, Markus, Haydo, Alicia S., Schmachtel, Tessa, Zaliani, Andrea, Höfner, Georg, Kaiser, Astrid, Schubert-Zsilavecz, Manfred, Beck-Sickinger, Annette G., Offermanns, Stefan, and Gribbon, Philipp

Published
2024
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36. Radiation Damage Studies of Silicon Photomultipliers

Author

Bohn, P., Clough, A., Hazen, E., Heering, A., Rohlf, J., Freeman, J., Los, S., Cascio, E., Kuleshov, S., Musienko, Y., and Piemonte, C.

Subjects
Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Abstract

We report on the measurement of the radiation hardness of silicon photomultipliers (SiPMs) manufactured by Fondazione Bruno Kessler in Italy (1 mm$^2$ and 6.2 mm$^2$), Center of Perspective Technology and Apparatus in Russia (1 mm$^2$ and 4.4 mm$^2$), and Hamamatsu Corporation in Japan (1 mm$^2$). The SiPMs were irradiated using a beam of 212 MeV protons at Massachusetts General Hospital, receiving fluences of up to $3 \times 10^{10}$ protons per cm$^2$ with the SiPMs at operating voltage. Leakage currents were read continuously during the irradiation. The delivery of the protons was paused periodically to record scope traces in response to calibrated light pulses to monitor the gains, photon detection efficiencies, and dark counts of the SiPMs. The leakage current and dark noise are found to increase with fluence. Te leakage current is found to be proportional to the mean square deviation of the noise distribution, indicating the dark counts are due to increased random individual pixel activation, while SiPMs remain fully functional as photon detectors. The SiPMs are found to anneal at room temperature with a reduction in the leakage current by a factor of 2 in about 100 days., Comment: 35 pages, 25 figures

Published
2008
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37. Direct observation of charge inversion by multivalent ions as a universal electrostatic phenomenon

Author

Besteman, K., Zevenbergen, M. A. G., Heering, H. A., and Lemay, S. G.

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Statistical Mechanics
Abstract

We have directly observed reversal of the polarity of charged surfaces in water upon the addition of tri- and quadrivalent ions using atomic force microscopy. The bulk concentration of multivalent ions at which charge inversion reversibly occurs depends only very weakly on the chemical composition, surface structure, size and lipophilicity of the ions, but is dominated by their valence. These results support the theoretical proposal that spatial correlations between ions are the driving mechanism behind charge inversion., Comment: submitted to PRL, 26-04-2004 Changed the presentation of the theory at the end of the paper. Changed small error in estimate of prefactor ("w" in first version) of equation 2

Published
2004
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38. Compiling Language Definitions: The ASF+SDF Compiler

Author

Brand, M. G. J. van den, Heering, J., Klint, P., and Olivier, P. A.

Subjects
Computer Science - Programming Languages, Computer Science - Software Engineering, D.3.1, D.3.2, D.3.4, F.4.2
Abstract

The ASF+SDF Meta-Environment is an interactive language development environment whose main application areas are definition of domain-specific languages, generation of program analysis and transformation tools, production of software renovation tools, and general specification and prototyping. It uses conditional rewrite rules to define the dynamic semantics and other tool-oriented aspects of languages, so the effectiveness of the generated tools is critically dependent on the quality of the rewrite rule implementation. The ASF+SDF rewrite rule compiler generates C code, thus taking advantage of C's portability and the sophisticated optimization capabilities of current C compilers as well as avoiding potential abstract machine interface bottlenecks. It can handle large (10 000+ rule) language definitions and uses an efficient run-time storage scheme capable of handling large (1 000 000+ node) terms. Term storage uses maximal subterm sharing (hash-consing), which turns out to be more effective in the case of ASF+SDF than in Lisp or SML. Extensive benchmarking has shown the time and space performance of the generated code to be as good as or better than that of the best current rewrite rule and functional language compilers., Comment: 36 pages, 5 figures

Published
2000

39. Application Software, Domain-Specific Languages, and Language Design Assistants

Author

Heering, Jan

Subjects
Computer Science - Programming Languages, D.3
Abstract

While application software does the real work, domain-specific languages (DSLs) are tools to help produce it efficiently, and language design assistants in turn are meta-tools to help produce DSLs quickly. DSLs are already in wide use (HTML for web pages, Excel macros for spreadsheet applications, VHDL for hardware design, ...), but many more will be needed for both new as well as existing application domains. Language design assistants to help develop them currently exist only in the basic form of language development systems. After a quick look at domain-specific languages, and especially their relationship to application libraries, we survey existing language development systems and give an outline of future language design assistants., Comment: To be presented at SSGRR 2000, L'Aquila, Italy

Published
2000

40. Semantics of Programming Languages: A Tool-Oriented Approach

Author

Heering, Jan and Klint, Paul

Subjects
Computer Science - Programming Languages, D.2.2, D.3.1, D.3.4, F.3.2
Abstract

By paying more attention to semantics-based tool generation, programming language semantics can significantly increase its impact. Ultimately, this may lead to ``Language Design Assistants'' incorporating substantial amounts of semantic knowledge., Comment: 12 pages, 2 figures. Submitted to ACM SIGPLAN Notices

Published
1999

41. An Algebraic Programming Style for Numerical Software and its Optimization

Author

Dinesh, T. B., Haveraaen, M., and Heering, J.

Subjects
Computer Science - Software Engineering, Computer Science - Artificial Intelligence, Computer Science - Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science, Computer Science - Mathematical Software, D.1.5, D.2.2, J.2
Abstract

The abstract mathematical theory of partial differential equations (PDEs) is formulated in terms of manifolds, scalar fields, tensors, and the like, but these algebraic structures are hardly recognizable in actual PDE solvers. The general aim of the Sophus programming style is to bridge the gap between theory and practice in the domain of PDE solvers. Its main ingredients are a library of abstract datatypes corresponding to the algebraic structures used in the mathematical theory and an algebraic expression style similar to the expression style used in the mathematical theory. Because of its emphasis on abstract datatypes, Sophus is most naturally combined with object-oriented languages or other languages supporting abstract datatypes. The resulting source code patterns are beyond the scope of current compiler optimizations, but are sufficiently specific for a dedicated source-to-source optimizer. The limited, domain-specific, character of Sophus is the key to success here. This kind of optimization has been tested on computationally intensive Sophus style code with promising results. The general approach may be useful for other styles and in other application domains as well., Comment: 19 pages. Submitted to Scientific Programming

Published
1999

46. The Philosophical Works of Ludwik Fleck and Their Potential Meaning for Teaching and Learning Science

Author

Stuckey, Marc, Heering, Peter, and Mamlok-Naaman, Rachel

Abstract

This paper discusses essential elements of the philosophical works of Ludwik Fleck (1896-1961) and their potential interpretation for the teaching and learning of science. In the early twentieth century, Fleck made substantial contributions to understanding the sociological character of the nature of science and explaining the embedding of science in society. His works have several parallels to the later and very popular work, "The Structure of Scientific Revolutions," by Thomas S. Kuhn, although Kuhn only indirectly referred to the influence of Fleck on his own theories. Starting from a short review of the life of Ludwik Fleck, his philosophical work and its connections to Kuhn, this paper elaborates upon and illustrates how his theories can be considered for science education in order to provide learners with a better understanding of the nature of scientific endeavor and the bi-directional science-to-society links.

Published
2015
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47. Anti-myeloperoxidase IgM B cells in anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated vasculitis

Author

CM Wortel, R. van de Wetering, EM Stork, T. Kissel, S. Reijm, D. van der Woude, KA van Schie, LA Trouw, YKO Teng, A. Rutgers, P. Heeringa, RE Voll, M. Rizzi, N. Venhoff, REM Toes, and HU Scherer

Subjects
Science
Abstract

Abstract Anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)-associated vasculitis (AAV) is a prototypic autoimmune disease, with a subset of AAV patients manifesting anti-myeloperoxidase (MPO) IgG. Patients with AAV respond positively to B cell-targeting and complement-targeting therapies, but disease flares are not uncommon. Here, by comparing samples from healthy individuals and MPO+ AVV patients, we show that B cell autoreactivity against MPO in the circulation of patients is dominated by CD27+IgM+ B cells whereas MPO-specific IgG+ cells are infrequent. Additionally, while naive anti-MPO-IgM B cells are present in both patients and controls and produce anti-MPO IgM upon stimulation, anti-MPO-IgM memory B cells and serum anti-MPO IgM are features of patients. Our results thus hint that defective elimination of B cell reactivity to MPO in the human repertoire, the presence of activated IgM+ anti-MPO B cells in disease, and a dominant role for anti-MPO IgM in complement activation, may all contribute to MPO+ AAV etiology and thereby serve as potential target for therapy.

Published
2025
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50. Make-Keep-Use: Bringing Historical Instruments into the Classroom

Author

Heering, Peter

Abstract

This paper describes a new approach towards the implementation of history of physics in physics education. Reconstructed historical instruments are given to secondary school students. These students are requested to analyze these devices with the aim of collecting sufficient information in order to build their own working version of this device. Whilst the initial instruments were built according to source information, the students can modify materials, dimensions etc. in order to come up with a device that is their individual representation of the initial device. In working on their own version of the instrument, the students shall be enabled to understand that instruments were built on purpose by skilled craftsmen. Thus, they are enabled to understand that science is not merely done by geniuses, but also skilled workers are crucial to scientific practices. Moreover, through this approach the institution has its own version of the instrument that can be used in future science teaching. In this paper, the approach and its conceptual background will be described; its realization and first experiences will be discussed.

Published
2015
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