Search

The current study aimed to develop a standardized scale for clothing preferences for adolescents. Moreover, the mediating role of self-esteem would be explored in the relationship between clothing preferences and self-concept among adolescents. 200 adolescents, both males and females participated through the convenient sampling technique. The Fashion in Clothing Preference Scale FCPS (constructing scale), Self-Esteem Scale (Rosenberg, 1965) and Self-concept scale (Malhotra, 1981) were used to explore the key relationships. Study findings revealed that the Fashion in Clothing Scale carries three factors regarding Self-Reflection, Self-Satisfaction and Self-Acceptance with the variances of 43.18%, 9.37% and 7.43% respectively. Moreover, the self-esteem is acting as full mediator between the relationship of Clothing Preferences and selfconcept of individuals. The current study highlighted the role of self-esteem in fashion in clothing preferences and self-concept among Pakistani adolescents. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Thyroid physiology is perceptibly modified during normal pregnancy. These alterations take place throughout gestation, help to prepare the maternal thyroid gland to cope with the metabolic demands of pregnancy, are reversible post-partum and the interpretation of these changes can pose a challenge to the treating physician. Material and Methods: This is a prospective, descriptive and observational study conducted among hypothyroid pregnant women from their preconception to complete gestational phase (with whatever outcome), conducting to Index institute of Medical sciences and Hospital over a period of 2 years. The hypothyroid pregnant females visiting to Endocrine and Obstetric Department at the Index institute of Medical sciences and Hospital. All pregnant women who will be diagnosed hypothyroidism defined as either overt (elevated TSH and low FT4) or subclinical (elevated TSH and normal FT4) hypothyroidism and those labelled only 'hypothyroidism' (uncategorized) by the clinician either before or during pregnancy. Results: In my study most of the patients who were started on treatment responded well to it so that by 16 weeks 53% of them had their TSH restored to normal range. In my study of 266 patients started on Levothyroxine 140 of them (53%) had normal TSH by 20 weeks but 110 of them (41%) still had relatively higher levels of TSH which necessitated an increase in dose of Levothyroxine. In this table NA denotes those who abort spontaneously before 20 wks of gestation. In my study at 32 weeks period of gestation except for a single patient all the other patients attained normal TSH levels. one patient needed further increase in dose of Levothyroxine. Those who have been diagnosed before 10 weeks and on treatment, if their repeat TSH values become normal they were grouped under adequately treated group. Conclusion: Isolated Low free T4 followed by SCH have the highest rate of occurrence in the study sample. Though the occurrence of any low thyroid status, low isolated free T4 are more common in women with recurrent miscarriage, but the difference was not significant statistically. Anaemia in pregnancy was a mild public health problem in ours study. Ongoing interventions to target anaemia during pregnancy seem to be working in this setting and they should reach universal coverage. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The topic of current research was to find Self-Control as mediator between Emotional Intelligence and Burnout among Doctors The sample consisted of 150 doctors (M=80, F=52) of Multan through the purposive sampling. These instruments used to collect the data Emotional intelligence scale, Brief Self-Control Scale (BSCS) and Maslach burnout inventory. The result indicated a significant negative correlation between emotional intelligence and burnout. The result showed a significant negative correlation between burnout and self-control. The results indicated a significant impact of emotional intelligence and burnout. Mediation results indicated that Emotional Intelligence was found to be positive significant predictor of self-control and burnout. Whereas self-control was found to be significant predictor of burnout. So, mediation was found to be significant. The result shows that there is no significant difference between males and female on burnout OBJECTIVE: In this study self-control has been related to emotional intelligence and burnout. It aims to provide a global approach to analyze the relationship between these variables and to determine the factors underlying the mediating role. METHOD: A quantitative research design would be used in the survey method by using a questionnaire to obtain data through purposive sampling. Purposive sampling was used to choose a sample of 150 doctors and instruments used to collect data was emotional intelligence scale, Brief Self Control Scale (BSCS) Maslach Burn Out Inventory. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Emotional intelligence is negatively correlated with burn out. The result showed a significant negative correlation between burn out and self-control. The result also describes significant impact of emotional intelligence on burn out. Mediation results indicated that emotional intelligence was found to be positive significant predictor of self-control and burn out. Whereas self-control was found to be significant predictor of burn out so mediation was found to be significant. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The incidence of autonomic dysfunction has increased in the presence of type 2 diabetes mellitus and various tools have been developed for assessing it. Classical autonomic function tests are one among them. Autonomic nervous system (ANS) innervates almost all organ systems and is primarily involved with homeostatic regulatory mechanisms. The important functions of ANS are maintenance of homeostatic conditions of the body; regulation of visceral activities; smoothening body's responses to environmental changes, stress, and exercise; and assisting endocrine system to regulate various functions. Materials and methods: This crosssectional study was conducted in the Department of Physiology, Tertiary Care teaching Hospital over a period of 1 year. Involves participants with T2DM (n = 70) and healthy volunteers (n = 70) with an age range of 30-60 years of both genders. Subjects ranging from 30 to 60 years of both genders who were diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus for 3 years duration were recruited for the study. The controls were normal healthy volunteers in the same age group. The cases were selected from diabetology OPD and endocrinology OPD according to the inclusion criteria. The controls were selected from medical OPD who were non diabetic healthy volunteers. Details of present history, treatment history were obtained. Result: There was no significance in age between cases and controls as the p value was 0.2789. The mean SDNN of cases was 29.88 ± 3.99 and for controls was 37.65 ± 4.69. The difference in SDNN between cases and controls were significant as the p value was < 0.05. The mean RMSSD of cases was 20.61± 16.81 and for controls was 22.65 ± 3.85. The difference in RMSSD between diabetics and non - diabetics were significant as the p value was < 0.05. The mean VLF % of cases was 88.75 ± 12.75 and for controls was 80.35 ± 8.59. The difference in VLF % between cases and controls was significant as the p value was < 0.05. The mean rise in DBP after hand grip in cases was 5.25 ± 0.58 and for controls was 12.18 ± 3.94. Conclusion: Results of this study concluded that cardiac autonomic dysfunction was present in LT2DM patients without CAN (based on conventional autonomic test) characterized by predominant parasympathetic nerve function impairment and sympathetic overactivity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As marine algae are well known for their biological activities, in the present work, the brown marine alga Sargassum myriocystum was analysed for its anti-cancer potentials on in-vitro cancer cell lines. MTT assay was performed to screen for its cytotoxicity in HepG2, MCF-7 and HeLa cancer cells, followed by bioactivity guided fractionation through thin layer chromatography (TLC). The mechanism of anti-cancer action of the bioactive fraction (SF6) was evaluated by DNA fragmentation analysis, LDH activity, caspase 3,7, 10 assay, cell cycle study by flow cytometry and study of gene expression by qRT-PCR methods. The anti-angiogenic potential was checked on chick embryos by CAM assay. The characterization of bioactive compound was carried out by HPLC, ESI-MS and GC-MS studies. Significant cytotoxicity and apoptosis induction in HepG2, MCF-7 and HeLa cancer cells by SF6 were confirmed as per MTT assay results, while no toxicity was observed on normal lymphocytes. The up regulation of apoptosis regulatory genes, p53 and Bax in cancer cells by SF6 was indicated by qRT-PCR results. The anti-angiogenesis property was clearly evidenced on chick embryos through CAM assay, with significant inhibition of blood vessel formation (66%) and branching growth. Characterization of SF6 through HPLC, ESIMS, followed by GC-MS analysis indicated the presence of imidazole carboxamide and ellagic acid, which are listed in the anti-cancer database. These compounds along with some unidentified compounds in the partially purified S. myriocystum fraction appear to be majorly responsible for the anti-cancer activity of this brown alga. It can be concluded from the study results that S. myriocystum has potent antiproliferative, apoptogenic and angiogenesis inhibitory properties towards cancer cells and has the potential towards the development of anti-cancer drug molecule, after complete characterization of the bioactive compound and in-vivo validation studies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Gymnema sylvestre, popularly known as gurmar, is extensively used in traditional systems of medicine for diabetes, stomach ailments, liver diseases, and cardiac disorders. Dried leaf powder of G. sylvestre was extracted through soxhlation using 70% (v/v) alcohol. The hydroalcoholic extract was concentrated to 1/4th of its volume and basified to isolate gymnemic acid enriched extract using chloroform. The isolated extract was checked for its antioxidant potential against 1, 1-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazyl (DPPH), which showed scavenging activity of 82.31% at 80 μg/mL of extract. Quality control analysis of the extract was carried out by TLC. Chloroform and methanol (9.5:0.5, v/v) were used as a solvent system and separated compounds were detected at 254 and 366 nm. A total of 13 metabolites were separated. However, major peaks were at Rf 0.12, 0.69, 0.79, and 0.85. Further, UPLC-MS fingerprinting of the extract was done using acetonitrile and 0.5% formic acid in water as mobile phase in gradient elution mode. A total of 21 metabolites were separated and tentatively identified from the database. Deacyl gymnemic acid and quercetin are the two major metabolites found in the extract. Gymnemic acid, deacyl gymnemic acid, and quercetin were docked with ten different proteins associated with glucose metabolism, transport, and glucose utilization. It has been observed that gymnemic acid was more potent than deacyl gymnemic acid in terms of binding affinity towards proteins and showed a favorable interaction with amino acid residues at the active site. Thus, the present study gives an insight of identified metabolites with protein interaction and a reason for the hypoglycemic potential of deacyl gymnemic acid enriched extract, which can be further explored for in vitro and in vivo studies to establish its phytopharmacological and therapeutic effect. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The Streptococci are Gram-positive spherical bacteria (cocci) that characteristically form pairs and chains during growth. Some macrolide-resistant bacteria lack the proper receptor on the ribosome (through methylation of the rRNA). This may be under plasmid or chromosomal control. Aim and Objectives: The aim was to study the prevalence of macrolide resistance among the isolate and evaluate the degree of resistance by minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) method. And also to detect the phenotypic pattern of macrolide resistance. Materials and Methods: All age group attending general medicine OPD and pediatric OPD with symptoms of respiratory and pyogenic infections are included in the study. Various samples are collected with detailed case history and processed for macrolide resistance among beta hemolytic Streptococci MIC method and D-test. Results: According to our studies resistance pattern in Group A Streptococci by D-test, cMLS was 27.85%, iMLS was 13.92%, M-type was 55.69%, in GCS, cMLS was 17.6%, M-type was 82.35% In GGS, cMLS was 31.58%, iMLS was 10.53% and M-type was 57.89%. Conclusions: Therefore by this study, we would like to highlight the necessity to do antibiotic sensitivity testing for all isolates, and limit the usage of antibiotics, whenever necessary and select the appropriate antibiotics for resistant strains. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Karnal bunt of wheat caused byTilletia indicais an important international quarantine disease in many countries. In this investigation, genetic and pathological variation among the 10 isolates and 15 monosporidial (Ms) lines belonged to different locations of North-West India was studied. Depending upon the pathogenic potential, most virulent and least aggressive isolate was found from Chaksu (Rajasthan) and Tarau (HP), which scored coefficients of infection 70.98 and 6.22, respectively, on susceptible host genotype HD 2009 under artificially inoculated conditions. Fifteen Ms lines were inoculated in 20 combinations. Most virulent compatible combination was found KB2MsD × KB6MsA, which scored co-efficient of infection 74.91%. Out of 32 Inter Simple Sequence Repeats based molecular markers, 28 were polymorphic generating 192 reproducible bands for all theT. indicaisolates and Ms lines in this study. A grouping analysis using the unrooted neighbour – joining method was consistent with DARwin software and winboot analysis and combination approach suggested that self-paired Ms lines exhibit narrow genetic diversity. This result will be useful for developing integrated strategies for disease management and breeding programmes for improvement of the varieties. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Summary In recent years, the use of wireless sensor devices in several applications, for example, monitoring in dangerous geographical spaces and the Internet of Things, has dramatically increased. Though sensor nodes (SNs) have limited power, battery replacement is not feasible in most cases. Therefore, energy saving in wireless sensor networks (WSN) is the major concern in the design of effective transmission protocol. Clustering might lower energy usage and increase network lifetime. Routing protocol for WSN represents an engineering area that has gained considerable interest among researchers due to its rapid evolution and development. Among them, the clustering routing protocol corresponds to the most effective technique to manage the energy consumption of each SN. In this manuscript, we focus on the design of a new metaheuristic optimization‐based energy‐aware clustering with routing protocol for lifetime maximization (MOEACR‐LM) method in WSN. The purpose of the MOEACR‐LM method is to improve network efficiency via proper selection of cluster heads (CHs) and effective data transmission. Initially, a hunter–prey optimization (HPO) method‐based clustering technique is used for cluster construction and the CH selection process. Next, the clouded leopard optimization (CLO) model is used for the route selection process in WSN. The HPO and CLO models derive a fitness function involving multiple parameters for clustering and routing processes. A comprehensive experimental analysis is carried out to demonstrate the enhanced performance of the MOEACR‐LM technique. The overall comparison study pointed out the improved energy efficiency results of the MOEACR‐LM technique over other existing approaches. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Natural resources have been used as medicine for the treatment of many diseases. Algae have been used as both food and traditional medicine in many countries. Algae consist of several novel biologically active metabolites having biological activities such as anti-viral, antitumor and anti-inflammatory activities. The aim of present study is to evaluate the anti-cancer properties of different unique marine macro algae against three different cancer cell lines such as Hela, MCF-7 and HepG2 cell lines. Seven different species of marine algae named as MA1, MA2, MA3, MA4, MA5, MA6 and MA7 were collected from the coastal region surrounding Rameswaram in Tamilnadu. Different concentrations of the methanolic extracts of these algae were initially screened for cytotoxicity on the cell lines by MTT assay. One of the algal extracts (MA1) exhibited maximum cytotoxicity against all the tested cancer cell lines. The extract from this algal strain was taken up for purification by TLC using different solvent combinations. Further, anticancer activity was analysed by various in-vitro assays and purification of the bioactive compound by chromatography technique was performed. The Algal isolate exhibited great promise as potential candidate for purification and characterization studies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]