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Background: Left ventricle (LV) volume overload is observed with hemodynamically significant PDA as it causes left to right shunting, leading to increased pulmonary blood flow. This overload causes LV remodeling as LV increases stroke volume in trial for compensation, but in larger shunts, patients may develop symptoms of congestive heart failure. Two-dimensional (2D) speckle-tracking echocardiography has emerged as a technique for objective and quantitative evaluation of global and regional myocardial function, independent of the angle of myocardial insonation. Aim of the work: This study aimed to evaluate left ventricular function by 2-dimensional speckle tracking in children with hemodynamically significant PDA. Methods: This prospective controlled study was performed on 54 children divided into two groups (34 as cases and 20 as controls) to compare echocardiographic measurements. Conventional Echocardiography, tissue Doppler, and Speckle tracking were done for all patients, and measurements were compared. Results: There was a statistically significant difference (p value < 0.001) in global longitudinal strain (GLS) in the PDA group indicating a decrease in LV function in PDA patients. This difference was observed in several conventional echocardiographic parameters but not in tissue Doppler in our study. Conclusion: Left ventricle global strain is an important predictor of the myocardial performance index of the Left ventricle in patients with hemodynamically significant PDA and outweighs other conventional echocardiographic parameters and tissue Doppler indices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BACKGROUND: Transcatheter closure and surgical ligation of patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) are management options for PDA that have not spontaneously closed. However, studies reported the presence of complications and residual shunts in both Transcatheter closure and surgical ligation of PDA by themselves. In this study, the immediate outcomes of transcatheter closure of PDA versus surgical ligation of PDA were compared. METHODS: Comparative cross-sectional study conducted on children under 18 years of age who underwent transcatheter closure and surgical ligation of PDA at a cardiac center in Ethiopia from January 1, 2012, to January 1, 2022, by retrospectively reviewing the records from October 1, 2023, to November 1, 2023. 664 patients who underwent PDA closure, (n = 316) in the transcatheter closure group and (n = 348) patients in the surgical ligation group were included in this study. RESULT: The surgical ligation group patients were younger, and more proportion of patients had severe pulmonary hypertension. Overall complications were significantly higher with surgical ligation compared with transcatheter closure ((112 (35.4% vs 286 (71.9%)), p-value = 0.001)). Total mechanical ventilation time, intensive care unit(ICU) stay, and hospital stay were higher in the surgical ligation group with a p-value of 0.001 each. CONCLUSION: Transcatheter closure of PDA has lower overall complications and shorter mechanical ventilation time, lower ICU stay, and lower hospital stay. Given the lower number of overall complications, transcatheter closure of PDA has to be considered for selected patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract Background Left ventricle (LV) volume overload is observed with hemodynamically significant PDA as it causes left to right shunting, leading to increased pulmonary blood flow. This overload causes LV remodeling as LV increases stroke volume in trial for compensation, but in larger shunts, patients may develop symptoms of congestive heart failure. Two-dimensional (2D) speckle-tracking echocardiography has emerged as a technique for objective and quantitative evaluation of global and regional myocardial function, independent of the angle of myocardial insonation. Aim of the work This study aimed to evaluate left ventricular function by 2-dimensional speckle tracking in children with hemodynamically significant PDA. Methods This prospective controlled study was performed on 54 children divided into two groups (34 as cases and 20 as controls) to compare echocardiographic measurements. Conventional Echocardiography, tissue Doppler, and Speckle tracking were done for all patients, and measurements were compared. Results There was a statistically significant difference (p value

A 27-year-old woman developed a cough, shortness of breath, and symptoms mimicking pregnancy complications 6 days after childbirth. Unilateral pulmonary artery agenesis (UAPA), a rare congenital condition, was diagnosed through a chest CT scan. This case highlights the variable presentation of UAPA, even in adults, and the challenges of diagnosis during the postpartum period. Early diagnosis and management are critical for improving pregnancy outcomes in women with UAPA.

Superior vena cava is commonly used in neonatal hemodynamics and is suggested to be the best available non-invasive marker for systemic circulation in preterm infants. Inter- and intra-observer variability remain to be an issue. Its association with neonatal outcomes is has not been established. This is a narrative review about this marker, its use, and its potential pitfalls. Objective: This is a narrative review about SVC flow in preterm infants, physiology, techniques of measurement and its potential association with outcomes. Sources: Literature revie mainly PubMED. Summary of the findings: SVC flow measurement has some limitations and pitfalls. Conclusions: SVC flow association with neonatal outcomes, still needs to be established in further research.

Interfacial strength is a key factor affecting the mechanical properties of materials. This study aims to enhance the mechanical properties of energetic polymer bonded explosives (PBXs) by modifying 1,3,5-triamino-2,4,6-trintrobenzene (TATB) crystals—a typical energetic material—using 2-ureido-41H-6-methyl-pyrimidinone (UPy) derivatives with strong hydrogen-bonding interactions. Specifically, strongly adhesive polydopamine (PDA) was employed to graft UPy-functionalized molecules with isocyanate groups (–NCO) and hydroxyl groups (–OH). Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images indicate that TATB crystals became rougher after being coated with PDA, while the introduction of UPy did not affect the surface morphology. The presence of urethane bond peaks in the samples indicates that UPy-NCO was successfully grafted onto the PDA. UPy is essentially nonpolar and is prone to bind with binders, having the potential to improve the creep resistance of PBXs. Due to the strong interfacial enhancement by UPy and PDA, the tensile strength and compressive strength of the sample grafted with 1 wt% UPy significantly increased by 35.6 % and 26.5 %, respectively. Theoretical calculations indicate interfacial enhancement by UPy introduction, where the strong hydrogen bonding may produce a positive impact. The successful introduction of UPy modified the nature of TATB and improved its interfacial strength, finally enhancing the mechanical properties of the PBXs. The conditions for the grafting reaction in this study are mild and universal and thus can be applied to other compositions.

Abstract Background Aberrant left coronary artery from pulmonary artery (ALCAPA) is a very rare congenital heart defect. Its coexistence with patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) is extremely rare. The high pressures created by the left-to-right shunt in the pulmonary arteries can delay symptoms and create a real challenge in diagnosing ALCAPA. Missing this diagnosis can have severe results, including extensive ischemia and sudden death. Case presentation We present a case of an infant born with a large PDA. Initially treated conservatively, however, due to congestive heart failure and lack of weight gain, she underwent surgical ligation of the PDA at the age of four and a half months. Following surgery, she developed pulmonary edema. Echocardiography revealed decreased ventricular function. ECG revealed ST elevations on lateral leads, and serum troponin was significantly increased. The patient underwent cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), which revealed signs of wall ischemia and decreased function of the left ventricle (LV) with unclear coronary anatomy. Diagnostic catheterization revealed an ALCAPA. She underwent surgical intervention, and the left coronary artery was re-implanted in the aortic sinus. Follow-up revealed slow improvement of cardiac function. Discussion and literature review The coexistence of PDA and ALCAPA is a very rare occurrence. We found at least 10 reported cases in the literature. Delayed diagnosis might be detrimental. The prognosis of these patients is variable. Conclusion An unusual post-surgical course following PDA repair requires a high index of suspicion and appropriate evaluation for ALCAPA, preferably with angiography.

Gamma‐aminobutyric acid (GABA) is involved in the signal transduction and metabolism of various substances in plants. Its in vivo detection in plants is of great importance for understanding its physiological role. In this study, an ultrasensitive electrochemical immunosensor is developed for in vivo detecting GABA in plants based on screen printed electrode (SPE) electrode. Gold nanoparticles (Au NP) was electrodeposited on the SPE to improve the conductivity of the electrode. Nanocomposite of ferrocene‐Carboxylated graphene oxide‐carboxylated multi‐walled carbon nanotubes (Fc‐GO‐MWCNT) was fabricated on the electrode to improve the electrochemical properties of the sensor, and Fc was used to generate electrochemical signals. Then polydopamine (PDA) was electropolymerized on the electrode to improve the electrochemical activity of the sensor and increase the loading amount of GABA antibody. The as‐prepared immunosensor shows the widest detection range of 10 fM to 10 mM, and lowest detection limit of 1.9 fM (S/N=3) for GABA. This immunosensor was applied for in vivo detecting GABA in the cucumber leaves under salt stress. Our sensor is the first electrochemical immunosensor for in vivo detecting GABA in plant. It proposes a new strategy for the development of immunosensor for in vivo detection of biomolecules in plants. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common malignant tumors, and its incidence is increasing year by year. In recent years, the active ingredients of Chinese medicine have made great progress in the treatment of CRC due to their advantages of high efficiency and low toxicity. However, more than 90% of the active ingredients of traditional Chinese medicine have defects of poor water solubility and low bioavailability, which greatly limits their efficacy and clinical application. The development of efficient drug delivery systems provides an opportunity to improve the efficacy of active ingredients in traditional Chinese medicine. Here, for the first time, we successfully proposed a simple method to prepare the combined nanoplatform SA@PDA-FA NPs by wrapping polydopamine (PDA) onto self-assembled nanoparticles (SA) of honokiol (preclinical anticancer drug HK) and further modifying SA@PDA NPs with folic acid (FA). This not only circumvents the extreme hydrophobicity of HK but also shows significant tumor targeting ability. On the one hand, PDA generates significant cytotoxic heat when stimulated by near-infrared light, making it suitable for photothermal therapy. On the other hand, SA can be targeted to be taken up by cancer cells under the mediation of FA for efficient tumor ablation for chemotherapy. The combination nanoplatform demonstrates efficient near-infrared (NIR) light heat transfer and also possesses capabilities for chemotherapeutic drug delivery. Results from both in vitro and in vivo studies showed significant tumor growth inhibition, likely due to the advantages of nanomedicine and combination therapy, without significant adverse effects. The rationale for this simple green strategy of carrier-free nanomedicine formulation by the self-assembly method may provide more choices for the development of oncology combination therapies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • Hydrothermal synthesis of magnetic core–shell material Fe 3 O 4 @UiO-66-PDA with high specific surface area. • Highly efficient adsorption of six heavy metal ions. • Theoretical and experimental analysis revealed the adsorption mechanism. • Magnetic separation and excellent reusability even after six cycles. With the ever-increasing challenge of heavy metal pollution, the imperative for developing highly efficient adsorbents has become apparent to remove metal ions from wastewater completely. In this study, we introduce a novel magnetic core–shell adsorbent, Fe 3 O 4 @UiO-66-PDA. It features a polydopamine (PDA) modified zirconium-based metal–organic framework (UiO-66) synthesized through a simple solvothermal method. The adsorbent boasts a unique core–shell architecture with a high specific surface area, abundant micropores, and remarkable thermal stability. The adsorption capabilities of six metal ions (Fe3+, Mn2+, Pb2+, Cu2+, Hg2+, and Cd2+) were systematically investigated, guided by the theory of hard and soft acids and bases. Among these, three representative metal ions (Fe3+, Pb2+, and Hg2+) were scrutinized in detail. The activated Fe 3 O 4 @UiO-66-PDA exhibited exceptional adsorption capacities for these metal ions, achieving impressive values of 97.99 mg/g, 121.42 mg/g, and 130.72 mg/g, respectively, at pH 5.0. Moreover, the adsorbent demonstrated efficient recovery from aqueous solution using an external magnet, maintaining robust adsorption efficiency (>80%) and stability even after six cycles. To delve deeper into the optimized adsorption of Hg2+, density functional theory (DFT) analysis was employed, revealing an adsorption energy of -2.61 eV for Hg2+. This notable adsorption capacity was primarily attributed to electron interactions and coordination effects. This study offers valuable insights into metal ion adsorption facilitated, by magnetic metal–organic framework (MOF) materials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Transcatheter ductal closure has proven to be safe and effective to occlude the patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) in premature infants. We have developed a robust multidisciplinary PDA program. After gaining experience performing transcatheter ductal closure in the cardiac catheterization laboratory, we transitioned to performing the procedure at the patient's bedside in the neonatal intensive care unit using echocardiographic guidance. The bedside approach has the potential to expand this therapy to patients who currently undergo expectant PDA management because of lack of availability of this therapy, and allow for earlier referral, which will reduce time of exposure to this pathologic shunt. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Superior vena cava is commonly used in neonatal hemodynamics and is suggested to be the best available non-invasive marker for systemic circulation in preterm infants. Inter- and intra-observer variability remain to be an issue. Its association with neonatal outcomes is has not been established. This is a narrative review about this marker, its use, and its potential pitfalls. This is a narrative review about SVC flow in preterm infants, physiology, techniques of measurement and its potential association with outcomes. Literature revie mainly PubMED. SVC flow measurement has some limitations and pitfalls. SVC flow association with neonatal outcomes, still needs to be established in further research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

CF‐PDA‐M hybrid fillers are prepared by three metal cations (M) assisting polydopamine (PDA) through Fe3+, Ni2+, and Al3+. The metal cations promote the polymerization of PDA on the fiber surface, shorten the modification time of the fibers, and ensure that the short‐cut carbon fibers (CF) do not agglomerate during water bath stirring while keeping the structure of the CF undamaged, which is a green and efficient method. After PDA modification, the roughness and surface activity of the fiber surface increase. Finally, CF‐PDA‐M is used as a filler and added to neoprene latex and natural latex, which are prepared into composites by wet blending, and the CF are characterized by different techniques. The results show that the hydroxyl and amino groups on the surface of CF‐PDA‐M increase the cross‐linking density of the composites, establish a good stress cross‐linking network, shorten the vulcanization time, effectively prevent the agglomeration phenomenon of the CF in the rubber, and improve the dispersion of the CF in the composite. After modification, the tensile strength and 300% constant tensile strength of CF‐PDA‐M increase by more than 10% and 30%, respectively, over CF composites, and the rolling resistance is reduced. This study provides a new and effective strategy for CF surface functionalization, which improves the processing efficiency and mechanical properties of rubber products and has a broad application prospect in the rubber industry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The state of Kerala in India has seen multiple instances of intense cyclones in recent years, resulting in heavy flooding. One of the biggest challenges faced by rescuers is the accessibility to flooded areas and buildings during rescue operations. In such scenarios, unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) can deliver reliable aerial visual data to aid planning and operations during rescue. Object detectors based on deep learning methods provide an effective solution to automate the process of detecting relevant information from image/video data. These models are complex and resource-hungry, leading to severe speed constraints during field operations. The pixel displacement algorithm (PDA), a portable and effective technique, is developed in this work to speed up object detection models on devices with limited resources, such as edge devices. This method can be integrated with all object detection models to speed up the inference time. The proposed method is combined with multiple object detection models in this work to show its effectiveness. The YOLOv4 model combined with the proposed method outperformed the AP50 performance of the YOLOv4-tiny model by 6 % while maintaining the same processing time. This approach gave almost 10 × speed improvement to Jetson Nano at an accuracy cost of 3 % when compared to YOLOv4. Further, a model to predict maximum pixel shift with respect to frame skip is proposed using parameters such as the altitude and velocity of the UAV and the tilt of the camera. Accurate prediction of pixel shift leads to a reduced search area, leading to reduced inference time. The effectiveness of the proposed model was tested against annotated locations, and it was found that the method was able to predict the search area for each test video segment with a high degree of accuracy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Aberrant left coronary artery from pulmonary artery (ALCAPA) is a very rare congenital heart defect. Its coexistence with patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) is extremely rare. The high pressures created by the left-to-right shunt in the pulmonary arteries can delay symptoms and create a real challenge in diagnosing ALCAPA. Missing this diagnosis can have severe results, including extensive ischemia and sudden death. Case presentation: We present a case of an infant born with a large PDA. Initially treated conservatively, however, due to congestive heart failure and lack of weight gain, she underwent surgical ligation of the PDA at the age of four and a half months. Following surgery, she developed pulmonary edema. Echocardiography revealed decreased ventricular function. ECG revealed ST elevations on lateral leads, and serum troponin was significantly increased. The patient underwent cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), which revealed signs of wall ischemia and decreased function of the left ventricle (LV) with unclear coronary anatomy. Diagnostic catheterization revealed an ALCAPA. She underwent surgical intervention, and the left coronary artery was re-implanted in the aortic sinus. Follow-up revealed slow improvement of cardiac function. Discussion and literature review: The coexistence of PDA and ALCAPA is a very rare occurrence. We found at least 10 reported cases in the literature. Delayed diagnosis might be detrimental. The prognosis of these patients is variable. Conclusion: An unusual post-surgical course following PDA repair requires a high index of suspicion and appropriate evaluation for ALCAPA, preferably with angiography. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

AbstractPDA is an aggressive cancer with a 5-year survival rate, which is very low. There is no effective prognosis or therapy for PDA because of the lack of target biomarkers. The objective of this article is to identify the target biomarkers for PDA using a bioinformatics approach. In this work, we have analysed the three microarray datasets from the NCBI GEO database. We used the Geo2R tool to analyse the microarray data with the Benjamini and Hochberg false discovery rate method, and the significance level cut-off was set to 0.05. We have identified 659 DEGs from the datasets. There are a total of 15 hub genes that were selected from the PPI network constructed using the STRING application. Furthermore, these 15 genes were evaluated on PDA patients using TCGA and GTEx databases in (GEPIA). The online tool DAVID was used to analyse the functional annotation information for the DEGs. The functional pathway enrichment was performed on the GO and KEGG. The hub genes were mainly enriched for cell division, chromosome segregation, protein binding and microtubule binding. Further, the gene alteration study was performed using the cBioportal tool and screened out six hub genes (ASPM, CENPF, BIRC5, TTK, DLGAP5, and TOP2A) with a high alteration rate in PDA samples. Furthermore, Kaplan–Meier survival analysis was performed on the six hub genes and identified poor-survival outcomes that may be involved in tumorigenesis and PDA development. So, this study concludes that, these six hub genes may be potential prognostic biomarkers for PDA. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: In gastric solid-type poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma (PDA), the role of microsatellite instability and immune escape mechanism remains unclear. The current study aimed to elucidate the clinical significance of mismatch repair (MMR) status, genome profile, C-X-C motif chemokine receptor 2 (CXCR2) expression, and myeloid-derived suppressor cell (MDSC) infiltration in solid-type PDA. Methods: In total, 102 primary solid-type PDA cases were retrieved, and classified into 46 deficient-MMR (dMMR) and 56 proficient-MMR (pMMR) cases based on immunohistochemistry (IHC) and polymerase chain reaction-based molecular testing results. The mRNA expression profiles (NanoString nCounter Assay) of stage-matched dMMR (n = 6) and pMMR (n = 6) cases were examined. The CXCR2 expression and MDSC infiltration (CD11b- and CD33-positive cells) were investigated via IHC in all solid-type PDA cases. Results: mRNA analysis revealed several differentially expressed genes and differences in biological behavior between the dMMR (n = 46) and pMMR (n = 56) groups. In the multivariate analysis, the dMMR status was significantly associated with a longer disease-free survival (hazard ratio = 5.152, p = 0.002) and overall survival (OS) (hazard ratio = 5.050, p = 0.005). CXCR2-high expression was significantly correlated with a shorter OS in the dMMR group (p = 0.018). A high infiltration of CD11b- and CD33-positive cells was significantly correlated with a shorter OS in the pMMR group (p = 0.022, 0.016, respectively). Conclusions: dMMR status can be a useful prognostic predictor, and CXCR2 and MDSCs can be novel therapeutic targets in patients with solid-type PDA. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study presents the functionalization of silk fabric with SWCNT ink. The first step was the formation of a polydopamine (PDA) thin coating on the silk fabric to allow for effective bonding of SWCNTs. PDA formation was carried out directly on the fabric by means of polymerization of dopamine in alkali conditions. The Silk/PDA fabric was functionalized with SWCNT ink of different SWCNT concentrations by using the dip-coating method. IR and Raman analyses show that the dominant β-sheet structure of silk fibroin after the functionalization process remains unchanged. The heat resistance is even slightly improved. The hydrophobic silk fabric becomes hydrophilic after functionalization due to the influence of PDA and the surfactant in SWCNT ink. The ink significantly changes the electrical properties of the silk fabric, from insulating to conductive. The volume resistance changes by nine orders of magnitude, from 2.4 × 1012 Ω to 2.3 × 103 Ω for 0.12 wt.% of SWCNTs. The surface resistance changes by seven orders of magnitude, from 2.1 × 1012 Ω to 2.4 × 105 Ω for 0.17 wt.% of SWCNTs. The volume and surface resistance thresholds are determined to be about 0.05 wt.% and 0.06 wt.%, respectively. The low value of the percolation threshold indicates efficient functionalization, with high-quality ink facilitating the formation of percolation paths through SWCNTs and the influence of the PDA linker. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Hereditary TTP (hTTP), termed Upshaw–Schulman syndrome, is an ultra-rare disorder caused by a severe deficiency of plasma ADAMTS13 activity that allows circulation of ultra-large von Willebrand factor (UL-VWF) multimers. The greatest risk for hTTP is in their first days after birth, when 35–50% of patients will have severe hemolysis, jaundice, and thrombocytopenia. It is often fatal without effective treatment. In utero, fetal blood flowing from the pulmonary artery through the ductus arteriosus (DA) to the aorta is under low-shear-force. At birth, blood flow through the DA reverses to a left-to-right shunt, and the diameter of the DA begins to decrease due to hyper-oxygenated blood and decreased plasma prostaglandin E2. This causes turbulent circulation that unfolds UL-VWF, allowing platelet aggregation. If the DA closes promptly, hTTP newborns survive, but if it remains patent, turbulent circulation persists, triggering microvascular thrombosis. hTTP is commonly diagnosed as hemolytic disease of the fetus and newborn (HDFN) caused by anti-red cell antibodies and treated with exchange blood transfusion, which prevents kernicterus even when the diagnosis of hTTP is missed. The diagnosis of newborn-onset hTTP should be considered because HDFN does not cause severe thrombocytopenia, which might be effectively treated with recombinant ADAMTS13. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Simple Summary: Chymase is a protease stored in mast cell granules and is released triggered by tissue, especially cardiovascular, damage. Many studies showed the potentials of measuring chymase activity for the prognostic factor. However, the mechanism of chymase in veterinary cardiac disease was unknown. Recently, the plasma chymase activity has become possible to measure. Moreover, in patent ductus arteriosus, a congenital heart disease with a high incidence in veterinary medicine, chymase activity was significantly high at the preoperative time. In the present study, the changes of plasma chymase activity were further investigated after medical therapy for preoperative cardiac disease. The measurement of plasma chymase activity may be a useful tool for diagnosing the pathophysiology and the effect of medical therapy. Chymase in the renin–angiotensin system (RAS) actively contributes to cardiac disease progression. Chymase is activated to produce angiotensin II during tissue injury and is involved in hemodynamics. A recent study demonstrated that plasma chymase activity reflects hemodynamic changes and aids in understanding patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) pathophysiology. The present study examined the relationship between plasma chymase activity and the administration of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor. Alacepril was administered to 13 puppies with PDA. Conventional echocardiographic parameters and non-invasive blood pressure were measured before and after medication. Plasma chymase activity was calculated using the colorimetric absorbance method. Plasma chymase activity significantly increased, but blood pressure significantly decreased. We detected an increase in plasma chymase activity due to ACE inhibition in PDA cases treated with alacepril. Plasma chymase activity was affected and altered by alacepril. In veterinary medicine, plasma chymase activity may be a novel method for assessing the pathology of and therapy for cardiac diseases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A new type of energetic composite with a double-coating structure was constructed by in-situ polymerization of dopamine and water suspension method. Using CL-20 with a particle size of 200–500 nm as the main explosive, the core–shell structured CL-20-p (CL-20@PDA) was prepared via self-polymerization of dopamine on the surface of the CL-20. After that, thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU, Estane5703) was used as the binder, the CL-20-p was coated by water suspension method, and finally CL-20-p/Estane5703 composite was prepared. The structure and properties of the samples were characterized by SEM, AFM, FTIR, XPS, Raman, XRD, DSC and mechanical sensitivity test. The test results show that the CL-20-p is successfully coated by Estane5703, and the coating degree is high. Compared with the CL-20, the crystal phase transition temperature of CL-20/Estane5703 is significantly increased, and the mechanical sensitivity is greatly reduced. The CL-20-p/Estane5703 is superior to CL-20-p and CL-20/Estane5703 in enhanced thermal stability and reduced mechanical sensitivity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Advanced Textile Technology is the property of Zhejiang Sci-Tech University Magazines and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The weak interface and poor dispersion of carbon nanofillers in polymer matrix composites lead to a significant decrease in their performance, restricting the development of polymer nanocomposites. In this work, a highly facile strategy has been developed to improve the interfacial adhesion performance between graphene nanoplates (GNP) and thermoplastic polyurethanes (TPU) matrix via self‐polymerization of dopamine. Then, single‐walled carbon nanotubes (CNT), as reinforcing agent, were introduced into surface modified GNP solution to prepare the corresponding ternary composites. Scanning electron microscope images show that GNP and CNT formed 3‐D interconnecting network‐like architecture. The sample modified with three layers of nonwoven fabric decorated with 1.0 mg/mL nanomaterial exhibit a tensile strength 35% higher than that of the virgin TPU. Consequently, compared with virgin TPU, the erosion resistance and thermal conductivity are enhanced by 78% and 45%, respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Chemotherapy is a well-established method for treating cancer, but it has limited effectiveness due to its high dosage and harmful side effects. To address this issue, researchers have explored the use of photothermal agent nanoparticles as carriers for precise drug release in vivo. In this study, three different sizes of polydopamine nanoparticles (PDA–1, PDA–2, and PDA–3) were synthesized and evaluated. PDA–2 was selected for its optimal size, encapsulation rate, and drug loading rate. The release of the drug from PDA–2@TAX was tested at different pH and NIR laser irradiation levels. The results showed that PDA–2@TAX released more readily in an acidic environment and exhibited a high photothermal conversion efficiency when exposed to an 808 nm laser. In vitro experiments on ovarian cancer cells demonstrated that PDA–2@TAX effectively inhibited cell proliferation, highlighting its potential for synergistic chemotherapy-photothermal treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Results of the experiments on drying of skin-forming material sprayed with two nozzles in counter-current pilot spray dryer are presented in the article. Phase Doppler Anemometry (PDA) measurements were conducted above, between, and below two nozzles spraying upward and downward which allowed us to track changes of particle size distribution (PSD) and particle velocities in the tower for different nozzle configurations. The analysis of PSD shows that for two nozzles pointing downwards, the drying zone was observed under the lower nozzle whereas the agglomeration zone develops between nozzles. For the upward orientation of the lower nozzle, a zone of simultaneous drying and agglomeration forms between the nozzles. Analysis of product moisture content, PSD, and bulk density showed the effect of nozzle configuration on product properties. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract Gamma‐aminobutyric acid (GABA) is involved in the signal transduction and metabolism of various substances in plants. Its in vivo detection in plants is of great importance for understanding its physiological role. In this study, an ultrasensitive electrochemical immunosensor is developed for in vivo detecting GABA in plants based on screen printed electrode (SPE) electrode. Gold nanoparticles (Au NP) was electrodeposited on the SPE to improve the conductivity of the electrode. Nanocomposite of ferrocene‐Carboxylated graphene oxide‐carboxylated multi‐walled carbon nanotubes (Fc‐GO‐MWCNT) was fabricated on the electrode to improve the electrochemical properties of the sensor, and Fc was used to generate electrochemical signals. Then polydopamine (PDA) was electropolymerized on the electrode to improve the electrochemical activity of the sensor and increase the loading amount of GABA antibody. The as‐prepared immunosensor shows the widest detection range of 10 fM to 10 mM, and lowest detection limit of 1.9 fM (S/N=3) for GABA. This immunosensor was applied for in vivo detecting GABA in the cucumber leaves under salt stress. Our sensor is the first electrochemical immunosensor for in vivo detecting GABA in plant. It proposes a new strategy for the development of immunosensor for in vivo detection of biomolecules in plants.

Nitrate glycerol ether cellulose (NGEC) is a potential cellulose substitute for the substrate of gun propellants in the future, but interfacial compatibility with high energy solid filler has remained an ongoing challenge. In this study, NGEC, modified with polydopamine (PDA), were prepared with various reaction time, to obtain composite energetic cellulose core-shell materials with improved hydrophilic and adiabatic safety by combining advantage of self-polymerization of dopamine (DA). The composition, distribution, and hydrophilicity of the molecular groups of the composite energetic cellulose were evaluated, as well as the thermodynamic behavior and safety properties in the adiabatic environment. Results demonstrated that the structure of NGEC remained unchanged when PDA formed dense nanofilm on the surface of NGEC, and the introduction of hydroxyl group in PDA significantly improved the hydrophilicity of NGEC by WCA analysis. Most notably, according to DSC and TGA data, after applying PDA coating, both the activation energy (Ea) and weight loss ratio (Wr) of high-energy cellulose showed a slight decrease. Specifically, the Ea of NGEC@PDA-6 h was very similar to that of NGEC and showed the lowest Wr. The PDA coating might also substantially increase the initial temperature and pressure of the adiabatic decomposition of the NGEC by the ARC results. In summary, without altering the intrinsic properties of the NGEC, PDA could increase the safety properties of the adiabatic environment, providing a method for hydrophilic modification of the energetic cellulose surfaces. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Mustafa Kemal University Journal of Agricultural Sciences / Mustafa Kemal Üniversitesi Tarım Bilimleri Dergisi is the property of Mustafa Kemal University, Faculty of Agriculture and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Background: Cardiologists close most patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) defects in dogs using the Amplatz® canine duct occluder via a transarterial approach. However, this approach can be problematic in small dogs due to the small femoral artery diameter. In such cases, cardiologists have opted to use coils or vascular plugs deployed from a transvenous approach. However, in small dogs with large PDA, the risk of device protrusion into the pulmonary artery, incomplete closure, or device embolization, often leads to surgical PDA closure via thoracotomy. Case Description: The present report describes a 3-month-old male 6 kg Border collie with a large, PDA which was successfully occluded using the Amplatzer™ muscular ventricular septal defect (mVSD) device from a transvenous approach after closure attempts with an Amplatzer™ vascular plug II failed. Conclusion: This is the first case report in veterinary medicine of PDA closure with an Amplatzer™ mVSD occluder device. This approach, described in PDA closure in people, could be considered in minimally invasive PDA closure in small dogs with challenging anatomy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Cardiologists close most patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) defects in dogs using the Amplatz® canine duct occluder (ACDO) via a transarterial approach. However, this approach can be problematic in small dogs due the small femoral artery diameter. In such cases, cardiologists have opted to use coils or vascular plugs deployed from a transvenous approach. However, in small dogs with large PDA, risk of device protrusion into the pulmonary artery, incomplete closure, or device embolization, often leads to surgical PDA closure via thoracotomy. Case Description: The present report describes a 3-month-old male 6 kg Border collie with a large, PDA which was was successfully occluded using the Amplatzer™ muscular Ventricular Septal Defect device (mVSD) from a transvenous approach after closure attempts with an Amplatzer™ Vascular Plug II failed. Conclusion: This is the first case report in veterinary medicine of PDA closure with an Amplatzer™ mVSD occluder device. This approach, described in PDA closure in people, could be considered in minimally invasive PDA closure in small dogs with challanging anatomy. [Open Vet J 2023; 13(11.000): 1478-1484]

Bingqing Zhang,&ast; Qiang Li,&ast; Qinglin Xu, Baochao Li, Heng Dong, Yongbin Mou Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China&ast;These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Yongbin Mou; Heng Dong, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, &num;30 Zhongyang Road, Nanjing, 210008, People’s Republic of China, Email yongbinmou@nju.edu.cn; dongheng90@smail.nju.edu.cnBackground: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is closely related to higher intracellular oxidative stress. Therefore, developing a novel method to scavenge the harmful reactive oxygen species (ROS) and alleviate colon inflammation to treat IBD is a promising strategy.Methods: CeO2@PDA-PEG (CeO2@PP) were synthesized by modifying ceria (CeO2) nanorods with polydopamine (PDA) and polyethylene glycol (PEG). The ROS scavenging ability of CeO2@PP was detected by using flow cytometry and confocal laser scanning microscope (CLSM). The anti-inflammatory ability of CeO2@PP was determined in vitro by treating lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages. The biocompatibility of CeO2@PP was evaluated in vivo and in vitro. Moreover, the therapeutic effects of CeO2@PP in vivo were estimated in a dextran sulfate sodium salt (DSS)-induced colitis mouse model.Results: Physicochemical property results demonstrated that PDA and PEG modification endowed CeO2 nanorods with excellent dispersibility and colloidal stability. CeO2@PP maintained superior enzyme-like activity, including superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT), indicating antioxidant ability. Moreover, in vitro results showed that CeO2@PP with PDA promotes LPS-induced RAW 264.7 macrophages into M2-type polarization. In addition, in vitro and in vivo results showed that CeO2@PP have great biocompatibility and biosafety. Animal experiments have shown that CeO2@PP have excellent anti-inflammatory effects against DSS-induced colitis and effectively alleviated intestinal mucosal injury.Conclusion: The nanoplatform CeO2@PP possessed excellent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties for scavenging ROS and modulating macrophage polarization, which is beneficial for efficient colitis therapy.Graphical Abstract: Keywords: ceria, PDA, nanozyme, antioxidation, anti-inflammation, macrophage polarization, colitis

The patent ductus arteriosus frequently poses a significant morbidity in preterm infants, subjecting their immature pulmonary vascular bed to substantial volume overload. This, in turn, results in concurrent hypoperfusion to post-ductal organs, and subsequently alters cerebral blood flow. In addition, treatment has not demonstrated definitive improvements in patient outcomes. Currently, the optimal approach remains a subject of considerable debate with ongoing research controversy regarding the best approach. This article provides a comprehensive review of existing literature.

Axial bearing capacity is an important factor in designing of foundation. It must be able to carry the load of upper structure without any significant deformation due to important role in pile design. A part from empirical and numerical methods, axial pile bearing capacity can be predicted by pile driving analyzer test that use wave equation analysis during the test. Prediction of the axial bearing capacity and its distribution can be achieved by combining wave equation analysis with dynamic pile monitoring. This paper compares the axial capacity of pile obtained from PDA records with predicted axial capacities obtained using empirical, numerical, and interpretation of static load test method. The empirical method used NSPT data from bore testing that conduct in site, finite element method that uses in this study is Plaxis 8.6. Both of them was compared with PDA test result of axial bearing capacity. There is a difference value of the calculation results of axial pile bearing capacity and foundation settlement. Comparing with PDA, from empirical method has smallest deviation for axial bearing capacity which equal to -268.45 kN with percentage -6.05%, smallest settlement equal to 0,0044 m. Plaxis result shows that distinction between Qult result equal to -11.00 kN with percentage -0.24% and settlement of foundation equal to 0,005 m. From interpretation of static loading test method smallest deviation for Qult which equal to -40,00 kN, with percentage -0,90%, and smallest settlement equal to 0,0055 m. So, from all method the smallest deviation for Qult and PDA result is used finite element method. This is due to many data parameters has been inputted and analyzed in the Plaxis program, so the results of calculation analysis are more detailed and closer to the situation in the research site. Differences in axial bearing capacity can be caused by the test was carried out which depends on the accuracy of operator and parameters that used in the calculations.

Inspired by the fact that nanostructured expandable graphite (denoted as EG), when functionalized with silicon (Si) and boron (B) elements, can significantly enhance thermal insulation performance and improve the strength of char residue layers, the study controllably synthesizes EG supported with boron acid (H3BO3) or polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (POSS), using polydopamine (PDA) as a bridging agent. The resulting composites possess specific particle sizes of 80–90 nm and 100–120 nm for H3BO3-PDA-EG and POSS-PDA-EG, respectively. By formulating ablative-resistant coatings incorporating these composites, significant improvements are achieved in the mechanical properties of the resulting ceramic layers formed during ablation compared to control formulation. The compressive strength of the char residue layer is 0.13 MPa for EG alone, 8.85 MPa for H3BO3-PDA-EG, and 12.86 MPa for POSS-PDA-EG. Additionally, it is observed that the back surface of the coating with POSS-PDA-EG is approximately 180 ℃, while the back surface of the coating with H3BO3-PDA-EG is approximately 300 ℃ in a thermal test by a FD-04D/E Wind Tunnel, and compared to the coating with H3BO3-PDA-EG, the coating with POSS-PDA-EG yields more uniformly expanded and dense residue, which indicated that the coating with POSS-PDA-EG is characterized by better heat insulation and heat-resistant parameters. This is attributed to the improved silicon-boron coordination effect facilitated by the presence of POSS-PDA-EG and boron oxide, promoting ceramization. The resulting graphitized carbon layer, formed through fusion with porous expanded graphite at high temperatures, effectively resists high heat flow erosion over an extended duration. This work introduces an effective approach for enhancing ablation resistance by synergistically catalyzing boric acid or POSS-modified EG with a PDA bridge. The initial decomposition temperature was increased from 189 to 223 ℃, the maximum decomposition temperature was increased from 282 to 287℃, and the residual weight was increased from 51.6 to 63.6%. This can be concluded that the mixture of epoxy resin with either H3BO3-PDA-EG or POSS-PDA-EG demonstrates outstanding thermal resistance. The utilization of these novel composites and the insights gained from their performance contribute to advancements in the field of ablation-resistant coatings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] Electrochromic materials (ECMs) could exhibit reversible color changes upon application of the external electric field, which exhibits huge application prospects in smart windows, energy storage devices, and displays. For the practical application of ECMs, the fast response speed and long cyclic stability are urgent. In this work, the nanoporous Sm-doped WO 3 (WSm) films were constructed using hydrothermal technology, then polydopamine (PDA) was modified on the surface of WSm film to obtain the WSm/P x (x = 0.25, 0.5, 1.0, and 2.0) hybrid films. WSm/P x hybrid films displayed high optical contrast and large areal capacitance. In addition, in comparison with WSm film, the WSm/P x hybrid films exhibited faster response speed and better cyclic stability because PDA film enhanced the interface ion transport ability and electrochemical structural stability of the nanoporous WSm film. Notably, the WSm/ P 1.0 hybrid film displayed the colored/bleached times of 7.4/2.9 s, retained 90.2% of the primitive optical contrast (68.5%) after 5000 electrochromic cycles. Furthermore, the areal capacitance of WSm film could be increased by 224% through the modification of the PDA. Therefore, WSm/P x hybrid films are great prospects for electrochromic energy-saving and storage windows. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To obtain good productive performance, sows have different nutrition requirements at different gestation periods. However, in gestation stalls, conventional feeders have large relative errors, management is difficult because of the large numbers of sows, and there are shortcomings in feeding precision and data management. In order to achieve precision feeding and enhance the control of multiple feeders for gestating sows housed in stalls, this study was carried out to investigate a precision feeding system that could be controlled at multiple levels. This system consisted of an electronic sow feeder (ESF), controller area network (CAN), personal digital assistant (PDA), central controller, and Internet of Things platform (IoTP). The results of the experiment showed that relative errors of 60 ESFs delivering feed were within ±2.94%, and the coefficient of variation was less than 1.84%. When the received signal strength indicator (RSSI) ranged from −80 dbm to −70 dbm, the packet loss rate of the PDA was 3.425%. When the RSSI was greater than −70 dbm, no packet loss was observed, and the average response time was 556.05 ms. The IoTP was at the performance bottleneck when the number of concurrent threads was greater than 1700. These experimental results indicated that the system was not only highly accurate in delivering feed, but was also highly reliable in the transmission of information, and therefore met the production requirements of an intensive gestation house. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This document provides valuable information on the growth characteristics of Rhizoctonia solani, a pathogenic fungus that affects various crops. The study conducted in India focused on the cultural and morphological diversity of the fungus. It found that the fungus showed the highest mycelial growth on Potato Dextrose Agar media, followed by Glucose Peptone Agar media and V-8 Juice Agar media. The fungus also preferred neutral pH and normal temperatures for its growth. The research was conducted in collaboration with farmers' clubs and agricultural extension centers, making it relevant for understanding and managing Sheath Blight Disease in rice production. [Extracted from the article]

Anomalous origin of right coronary artery (RCA) from pulmonary artery (ARCAPA) with atrial septal defect (ASD) and patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) is a rare presentation. Anatomic abnormalities of coronary arteries may be subtle, and echocardiographic evaluation is difficult in many cases especially in absence of significant myocardial damage. We report a case of a four years old boy who was admitted for ostium secondum ASD closure and was incidentally detected to have ARCAPA intra-operatively. The right coronary artery was re-implanted to the aorta with closure of ASD and PDA ligation. The association of ARCAPA with ostium secondum ASD and PDA is relatively rare. The presence of left to right shunt affects the pathophysiology of ARCAPA and makes the preoperative diagnosis difficult. Surgical correction is mandatory to prevent further myocardial dysfunction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Various methods of analysis are available to analyze production data in order to estimate the intrinsic features of the well and the reservoir condition in the current state. The parameter estimated from all of these analyses when performed separately often demonstrate poor agreement because each of them was developed using different assumptions. This paper discusses the most common analysis methods that can be performed in combination on production data including empirical decline curve analyzing method, analytical type curves analysis, and the flowing material balancing technique that can actually be used for calculating reservoir or well properties including original oil in place (OOIP), ultimate oil recovery (EUR), drainage area (A), skin factor (S), and well permeability(K). These techniques applied on Mshrif formation/Buzurgan oil field to estimate the above parameters by the three methods. These methods have the advantage of being able to predict and analyze using flow rate and well flowing pressure without needing to shut in the well to predict average pressure of reservoir that is essential in most estimations. The result showed that both analytical Blasingame type curve method and flowing material balance gave analogous estimations but didn't agree with Arp's empirical method estimation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]