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International audience; The last decade has seen an impressive increase of the research dedicated to the biomedical applications of low temperature plasmas, especially with plasma sources working at atmospheric pressure. In this new trend, beside decontamination/sterilization and surface treatment which have already a quite long story through low pressure plasma research and developments, medical applications are tacking an increasing place underlined by the actual numerous clinical trials. Medical applications of low temperature plasmas now concern a very wide range of domains, including primary hemostasis and blood coagulation, dental care, skin decontamination and hygiene, wound and ulcer treatment, dermatology, cancer treatment. Biological applications are also now extended to agriculture and, more recently, to cosmetic. Despite the huge number of in vitro and in vivo experiments there are still numerous challenges to overcome linked to the nature of the encountered target (biological tissues and materials, organs and their direct environment, liquids) that have a direct effect on the produced plasma itself and on the generated species. In this talk, after a presentation of the context, the plasma devices, and the main applications, we will focus on the different problems linked to the plasma/target interaction, including treatments of tissues and liquids. Beside the induced changes in gas flow, the radical production and the potential role of the strong electric field generated around the plasma plume of atmospheric plasma jet systems, we will discuss possible changes induced in microenvironment of living targets. Throughout this presentation, we will emphasize on the fact that plasma diagnostics must be performed in real treatment conditions. We will also tackle the main issues, challenges and opportunities linked to the control of these multimodal action of non-equilibrium cold plasmas on living organisms.

International audience; With the current rapid development of atmospheric plasma applications in the fields of medicine, decontamination, cosmetic and agriculture, researchers are confronted with the development of new sources for treating large surfaces or large volumes or even large quantities of liquid or material. If solutions are not found in the short term, this can jeopardize some very promising applications studied on much smaller dimensions. The scale factor then becomes very important and must be treated with the utmost attention. A certain number of systems already make it possible to meet certain constraints, in particular concerning surfaces with very large dimensional surface DBDs that can be used, for example, in the context of decontamination, or for certain applications at the level of the skin (including flexible DBDs). They quickly find their limits when surfaces are more complex or have 3D structures. This problem also arises in the treatment of seeds and plants for applications in agriculture. The conventional single plasma jets allowing only spot type treatments are clearly not well positioned for large scale device developments. In this context, we will present results obtained on the development of the sources allowing to treat large surfaces or volumes realized from multijet systems emanating from a single discharge reactor as well as new developments from DBD in specific configurations. Examples of applications will be given in the field of medicine as well as agriculture or liquid treatment.

National audience