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BACKGROUND: Effective primary care necessitates follow-up actions by the patient beyond the visit. Prior research suggests room for improvement in patient adherence. OBJECTIVE: This study sought to understand patients views on their primary care visits, the plans generated therein, and their self-reported adherence after 3 months. METHODS: As part of a large multisite cluster randomized pragmatic trial in 3 health care organizations, patients completed 2 surveys-the first within 7 days after the index primary care visit and another 3 months later. For this analysis of secondary outcomes, we combined the results across all study participants to understand patient adherence to care plans. We recorded patient characteristics and survey responses. Cross-tabulation and chi-square statistics were used to examine bivariate associations, adjusting for multiple comparisons when appropriate. We used multivariable logistic regression to assess how patients intention to follow, agreement, and understanding of their plans impacted their plan adherence, allowing for differences in individual characteristics. Qualitative content analysis was conducted to characterize the patients self-reported plans and reasons for adhering (or not) to the plan 3 months later. RESULTS: Of 2555 patients, most selected the top box option (9=definitely agree) that they felt they had a clear plan (n=2011, 78%), agreed with the plan (n=2049, 80%), and intended to follow the plan (n=2108, 83%) discussed with their provider at the primary care visit. The most common elements of the plans reported included reference to exercise (n=359, 14.1%), testing (laboratory, imaging, etc; n=328, 12.8%), diet (n=296, 11.6%), and initiation or adjustment of medications; (n=284, 11.1%). Patients who strongly agreed that they had a clear plan, agreed with the plan, and intended to follow the plan were all more likely to report plan completion 3 months later (P

Sexually inclusive primary education, namely a school environment that uses inclusive practices toward sexual minorities contributes to students' psychological and learning adaptation. Therefore, it is essential primary school stakeholders' perspective on sexually inclusive education to be explored, since this could facilitate the effective implementation of related prevention/awareness programs targeted at students. Nevertheless, teachers' and parents' related perspective, as main school stakeholders, as well as the predictive value of their homophobic prejudice and moral disengagement remain an under-investigated research field. The present study examined comparatively teachers' and parents' perspective on sexually inclusive primary education. Furthermore, the predictive role of homophobic prejudice and moral disengagement was investigated for each subgroup. Overall, 249 primary school teachers (78% women) of the fifth and sixth grades from randomly selected Greek public schools and 268 parents (81% mothers) of children who attended the above grades of the participating schools completed an online self-reported questionnaire on the variables involved. In general, participants expressed a relatively conservative perspective on sexually inclusive primary education, with teachers' perspective being less inclusive than that of the parents. Teachers' related perspective was predicted negatively mainly by homophobic prejudice and secondarily by moral disengagement. Parents' corresponding perspective was predicted negatively only by moral disengagement. Despite the differentiated perspective between the two subgroups, the findings imply that both teachers and parents need to attend prevention/awareness actions regarding students' sexual diversity and their school inclusion. Within these actions, differentiated experiential activities could be implemented for teachers and parents to combat homophobic prejudice and/or moral disengagement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Plastic pollutants create health crises like physical damage to tissues, upset reproductive processes, altered behaviour, oxidative stress, neurological disorders, DNA damage, gene expression, and disrupt physiological functions, as the biosphere accumulates them inadvertently through the food web. Water resources have become the generic host of plastic wastes irrespective of their particle size, resulting in widespread distribution in aquatic environments. The pre-treatment step of the traditional water treatment process can easily remove coarse-sized plastic wastes. However, the fine plastic particles, with sizes ranging from nanometres to millimetres, are indifferent to the traditional water treatment. To address the escalating problems, the upgradation of different traditional physical, chemical, and biological remediation techniques offers a promising avenue for tackling tiny plastic particles from the water environment. Further, new techniques and hybrid incorporations to the existing water treatment techniques have been explored, specifically removing tiny plastic debris. A detailed understanding of the sources, fate, and impact of plastic wastes in the environment, as well as an evaluation of the above treatment techniques and their limitations and challenges, can only show the way for their upgradation, hybridization, and development of new techniques. This review paper provides a comprehensive overview of the current knowledge and techniques for the remediation of nanoplastics and microplastics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research reports on the development of a model to measure the value of a given traffic strategy for freight truck traffic through the perspective of multiple involved agencies. The model was designed as an Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) model, wherein each perspective was broken down into sub-criteria in subsequent tiers. These sub-criteria would then be compared to each other to determine the overall weights of each perspective in evaluating different traffic control strategies. The model was created to determine the value of four specific perspectives: the Economic, Safety, Environmental, and Mobility Perspectives of a given traffic control strategy. These perspectives were tested through the surveying of 24 experts within the state of Florida involved in the field of transportation, who were consulted to determine the weights of each perspective and its criteria using pairwise comparisons. Once completed, the model was then tested to evaluate the overall priority of three alternatives: one in which no strategy was employed, one in which a strategy was employed at a speed of 55 mph, and one in which it was employed at 75 mph. The results showed that safety was selected as the most important perspective among all the consulted experts. Since the strategy of implementation at 55 mph was deemed the safest, it was calculated as the most sustainable alternative, despite its lower speed and efficiency lowering the economic and mobility priorities. This supports the implementation of the AHP model in upper-level decision making, as it allows management to determine the best decision that will placate all lower-level parties, preventing conflict and increasing overall workplace efficiency. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This perspective paper considers the current state of retail and retail logistics and supply chain management to discuss what the future may hold for it through four important issues: changing consumer expectations, the impact of e-commerce, and the relationship with the natural environment all of which are influenced by the economic environment. These issues apply to retailing globally and have been exacerbated by events such as the global COVID-19 pandemic, and examples are provided from various retail markets to illustrate them. Retailers will need to think strategically how to adapt their business models to address these issues by recognising the needs of new consumer segments, focussing on niche service and products to avoid direct clashes with larger physical store and Internet retailers, embracing more fully opportunities in e-commerce, and ensuring their activities are sustainable economically, socially and ecologically. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Defining what "industrial policy" is, and correspondingly defining and differentiating "industrial strategy" from this legacy term, is of analytic consequence to understanding what these concepts mean in the current public and business policy debates taking place in the world's developed and developing economies. Of import to these debates, however, is accurately understanding the role of industrial strategy and its symbiotic relevance to industrial policy. In this paper, the author develops a typology allowing the analyst to utilize five key components—governance approach, public research and development investment, public incentives, public disincentives, and industry/sectoral participation—to evaluate the proposed national approach (vertical or horizontal) to industrial strategy. To illustrate this industrial strategy typology, the author uses examples from the People's Republic of China (vertical) and the USA (horizontal). Recent legislation has moved the USA to a balanced approach of vertical and horizontal industrial strategies (incorporating both central planning and market-based approaches). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper attempts to theoretically reconsider body image development in infants from a phenomenological viewpoint of the body. Because body image is defined as the mental picture of one's whole body, our main question is how we obtain the perspective to view our own body as a whole in constituting body image. First, focusing on the development of mirror self‐cognition in the first 2 years of life, we find that this perspective derives from that of others in embodied interactions with infants. We then trace the process whereby others' perspectives appear in dyadic interactions between infants and caregivers. Since joint attention is established around 9 months, this dyadic interaction is transformed into a triadic relationship between the infant, caregiver, and object, which is experienced as "secondary intersubjectivity." Infant body image is constituted gradually within this intersubjective context. Based on phenomenological descriptions, we propose that the hands are the first organ and the face the last organ to be incorporated into one's body image. We conclude that the constitution of body image is not merely a sensory task of integrating proprioceptive and visual images of the body, but a social task of internalizing others' perspectives regarding one's own body. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Through imaginative engagement readers of fiction become, to an extraordinary extent, the narrator's 'children': they often submit themselves to the narrator's authority without reserve. But precisely because of that, readers are deeply at a loss when their trust is betrayed. This underscores a core function of fiction, namely to evoke emotional response in the reader. In this paper, we hypothesize how a reader's imaginative engagement can be subjected to narrative frustration due to processing or moral complexity. The types of narrative frustration we consider differ in terms of their sources, and their emotional and behavioral impacts on the reader. Here, we break down these frustrations into their component parts, in an effort to better characterize the different classes of frustrations. We propose that frustrations arise from different combinations of local uncertainty, moral clash and global uncertainty. These sources of frustration in turn explain the reader's emotional response and their consequent reading behavior as they imaginatively engage with fiction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective--This paper aims to investigate the relationship between smart city elements and performance from the community's perspective in Petaling Jaya City. Methodology--This paper adopted PLS-SEM techniques, and 128 respondents were collected through questionnaire surveys. PLS-SEM is required to determine the reliability and validity of the model in terms of measurement and structural model. Findings - The results found that our model is reliable and valid regarding measurement and structural model. Our Rsquare values achieve satisfactory results, where two of the three dependent variables acquire a moderate benchmark. The hypotheses results show that only a few of the Smart City Elements significantly affect Smart City Performance. Novelty - Novelty in this research is identified when we can refer to the understanding of the needs of the Smart City model from the community's perspective. The Smart City concept created by the government undoubtedly sustains the city towards a better and more progressive life. In this study, we have evaluated the value of the Smart City concept from the community. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: This study aims to identify various factors that have driven the knowledge transfer process for succession purposes in family business since the 1920s and discuss their implications for advancing effective succession planning in this business sector for the next 100 years. Design/methodology/approach: The paper reviews and synthesizes current research on knowledge transfer drivers in family business from 1923 to 2023 and draws out future perspectives on what will influence the knowledge-transferring process in the next 100 years. Findings: Trust, organizational culture and environmental factors such as the need to create competitive advantages, technological advancement and new sources of knowledge have been identified as the most prominent drivers of knowledge transfer for effective succession in family business throughout the 1920–2020s. In the future, the ability to create value, the internationalization process and business innovations will play an essential role in knowledge-sharing among family and non-family members during succession. Originality/value: The paper provides a review of past development and a future perspective on factors enhancing the effectiveness of knowledge transfer for succession in family firms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Earth has >8 billion people. Scholarly publications number nearly 7 million annually with >1 million in the life and biomedical sciences, and ≥52 professional journals specializing in conservation, ecology, or related disciplines. The challenges of applying ecological data to conservation and wildlife management can easily become overwhelming. Herein we offer reflective perspectives about the changing face of applied knowledge and engagement from our personal employment histories as ecologists working in agency, university, and non‐governmental organization (NGO) biologist positions. We suggest natural history will always be nature's glue, but knowledge steeped mostly in muddy boots and field biology are no longer the soup du jour of our profession. In many ways, new technologies have changed data collection and the scientific questions asked. Arguably, such change is not welcomed by all, but a change in overlap across decades is needed to sustain and improve upon how the planet's biological diversity can coexist with increasingly difficult human conditions. Given that 80% of the people in the United States live in urban areas, with similar numbers internationally, a future possibility may be an even greater divide between wild nature, ecological services, and enjoyment in the field. This is disturbing. Despite fundamental scientific insights that help understand critical components of the natural world, once society loses touch with nature, what will remain? [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Written as a letter to Galileo, an education graduate student narrates from course experiences that deepened her understandings of Galileo and natural and intellectual properties underlying his works. Having taken the Galileo-themed course with Elizabeth Cavicchi at MIT's Edgerton Center in three prior terms, on taking it a fourth time, this student, the paper's author, developed and documented perceptive observations of learning. Geometry instruction, as these classmates experienced in school, had equipped them with superficial, rigid access to similar triangles and ratio relations—the mathematical tools of Galileo. While applying these tools in class activities, the classmates faced confusion, dilemmas, and discrepancies. By giving themselves the space to work through these "troubles", classmates initiated their own "learning opportunities". New resilient, flexible understandings arose. Students were no longer confined by prior formulaic rules. The student author discerned a new Euclidean relationship of proportionalities among triangles constructed between parallel lines. These developments are articulated as the experiences arose, providing an analysis and immediacy that is rarely observed or documented frankly by educators and learners. A practitioner of the pedagogy critical exploration in the classroom based on researches of Eleanor Duckworth, Jean Piaget and Bärbel Inhelder, the teacher supported classmates in delving into their questions, which were not expected in advance. Class activities included: observing objects in perspective; collectively working through Euclid's definition of same ratio (in Elements Book 5) on their own terms; investigating errors arising in using a laser-cut prototype instrument based on Galileo's geometrical compass; and exploring a fulcrum balance. Learners' own curiosity opened up areas that they otherwise ignored. How is it ever possible to teach the spirit and method of scientific inquiry? How is it ever possible for anybody to learn it? What it takes for scientific inquiry to take root, develop, and grow? The details of a student/author finding her own ways into deep questions, and making sense of them, reveal the strengths of learning this way. In the background, we see the ways of the teacher. Both enhance our understanding of how Galileo understood learning. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: The integration of artificial intelligence (AI) technologies into health care is revolutionising nursing practice, substantially impacting patient care, clinical decision-making and health system efficiency. This integrative literature review explores the perceptions, attitudes and concerns of nurses regarding the use of AI use in clinical settings. Review methods: A comprehensive literature search was undertaken using Health Source: Nursing/Academic Edition, EBSCO: MEDLINE Complete, CINAHL and Scopus. Search terms included 'artificial intelligence', 'AI', 'A.I.', 'machine learning', 'nurse' and 'nursing practice, and 'opinion', 'idea', 'insight', 'perspective', 'concern' and 'perception'. The terms were combined using Boolean operators (AND, OR) to refine the search. 'Citing forward' was also used in Scopus to search for newer literature that was relevant to the topic. Discussion: Findings reveal that AI technology capabilities, such as predictive analytics and robotic automation, are viewed positively for their potential to enhance workflow efficiency and improve patient outcomes. However, nurses show concerns about ethical implications for data privacy, and the potential deskilling of human expertise. The review emphasises the need for comprehensive training programs, strong organisational support and an innovative culture to facilitate the successful use of AI in nursing practice. Conclusion: Future directions stress the significance of AI competency, collaboration and continuous education to prepare nurses for their progressing practice in a technologically advanced health care environment. Appreciating the importance of these factors is vital for promoting a collaborative and innovative atmosphere, enabling nurses to effectively and efficiently utilise AI to improve patient care and advance the nursing profession. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Environmental & Social Management Journal / Revista de Gestão Social e Ambiental is the property of Environmental & Social Management Journal and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Background: Human activities have significantly contributed to a persistent climate change trend, posing substantial threats to human health. Nurses regularly interact with patients experiencing the consequences of climate change, making their engagement in addressing this issue crucial. Nonetheless, our understanding of nurses' viewpoints regarding climate change remains limited. Aim: This scoping review aims to identify practicing nurses' and nursing students' perceptions of climate change. Design: To fulfil this objective, a documentary search strategy was developed using an iterative process. Methods: The search strategy was tested in four bibliographic databases, as well as in the grey literature. A 2‐stage selection process was conducted, and relevant data were extracted from selected articles for analysis. Results: Twenty‐two scientific articles and 11 documents from nursing associations were selected. The findings suggest that while many nurses and nursing students are concerned about climate change and its effects on their patients' health, their role in addressing the climate crisis is not well understood. Many barriers such as having a heavy workload and the lack of support hindered their ability to adjust their practice in response to the changing climate. Furthermore, many expressed a need for trainings on climate change issues. Conclusions: These results raise a great and urgent demand for these professionals to receive appropriate training to cope with climatic threats to health. Future research should focus on the development of nursing climate leadership, and healthcare organizations should support nursing initiatives and help raise nurses' awareness regarding climate change. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Economic evaluations are used to compare the costs and consequences of healthcare interventions, including those for musculoskeletal (MSK) disorders, which are very common and a major source of morbidity and absence from work. Reimbursement decisions for interventions for MSK disorders by decision-makers rely on the findings of economic evaluations, the design and results of which depend largely on the perspective adopted. Despite methodological advancements in economic evaluations, there are no clear guidelines on the perspective to adopt. This paper explores the adoption of a societal perspective in economic evaluations of MSK disorders. Within health economics evaluations, the most commonly used perspectives include the payer perspective, the healthcare perspective, and the societal perspective. To facilitate optimal resource allocation decisions in order to reduce the significant economic burden of MSK disorders and improve the health outcomes of individuals with these disorders, all costs and benefits associated with interventions for them should be included. Thus, the societal perspective is arguably a preferable option to the others for economic evaluations of interventions for MSK disorders. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: Preoperative expectations play a major role in determining patient satisfaction after surgery. The aim of this study was to characterize patient’s preoperative expectations and postoperative perceptions of nerve gap repair surgery. Methods: We conducted a search of Embase, Scopus, and Web of Science databases for peer-reviewed articles that studied patient expectations, perceptions, and impressions of nerve gap repair in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. Studies related to lumbar plexus radiculopathy, reimplantation, or patient satisfaction scores without patient testimony were excluded. Primary and secondary outcomes were patient’s preoperative expectations and postoperative perceptions of nerve gap repair surgery, respectively. Results: We included 11 studies evaluating a total of 462 patients. One study evaluated only patient expectations, six studies evaluated only patient perspectives, and four studies evaluated both. Patients were generally overly optimistic in their expectations of surgery. Postoperative satisfaction ranged from 82% to 86%, and 81% to 87% of patients would choose to undergo their surgery again knowing what they know now. Conclusions: Patient expectations in nerve gap repair are optimistic, and at times unrealistic. Patient satisfaction with nerve gap repair is high and subject to influence from preoperative education and postoperative outcomes of functional and sensory recovery. Clinical relevance: Surgeons should be aware that patient expectations of their postoperative outcomes can have substantial impacts on their perceived management and overall satisfaction. More emphasis should be placed on preoperative education and expectation management to optimize patient satisfaction.

The study sought to explore teachers’ perspectives on interpreting services in the salvation army school for the Deaf. The study was guided by two objectives which include finding out Teachers’ views on the academic impact of interpreting services; Investigate strategies that are used to maximize interpreting services The study employed a case study design. The semi-structured interview guide was used to gather data for the study. The purposive sampling technique was used to select the teachers. The sample size of the study was ten teachers within the Salvation Army School for the Deaf in the Central Region of Ghana. Most of the respondents perceived that the academic impact of interpreting services includes effective communication and access to communication. Strategies used to maximize interpreting services were modern technology, workshop training, and motivation. The study, therefore, recommends that the Government of Ghana should motivate interpreters through awards and allowances, and ICT tools that aid interpreting services should be made available and accessible. The Government should periodically organize training sessions to equip interpreters with new vocabulary.

Copyright of Retos: Nuevas Perspectivas de Educación Física, Deporte y Recreación is the property of Federacion Espanola de Asociaciones de Docentes de Educacion Fisica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Background: While patients with cancer have traditionally received oncology treatments through intravenous (IV) administration, some therapies are becoming available via alternative modes of administration, such as subcutaneous (SC). This study aimed to evaluate IV versus SC therapy administration from the perspectives of the patient, healthcare provider (HCP), and healthcare system. Methods: A systematic review was conducted, searching MEDLINE and Embase databases from 2000 to 2022. This was supplemented with grey literature searches of additional sources such as conference proceedings. Observational studies and clinical trials were included if they assessed adult patients with any cancer type who were treated with pharmacologic therapies administered via IV or SC and included patient- or HCP-reported outcomes or healthcare system perspectives on the mode of administration. Records identified by the literature search were screened by two independent reviewers. Included studies were data extracted by a single reviewer and validated by a second reviewer and synthesized using a narrative approach. Results: After screening, 33 unique studies were included in the systematic review. Patients and HCPs reported substantially more favorable preference rates for SC over IV treatment. Additionally, from the patient perspective there were reductions in treatment time and economic burden for SC compared with IV therapy. From the HCP's perspective, treatment time was consistently reduced by SC compared with IV treatment administration. Although information on the impact of SC and IV treatments for oncology on healthcare systems was limited, the use of SC formulations showed consistent cost savings (direct costs) and time savings from this perspective considering various uptake scenarios compared with IV administration. Conclusion: Compared with IV administration, SC oncology treatment is a preferred option by patients and HCPs, increasing optionality and reducing treatment time while simultaneously increasing capacity and reducing the financial burden on healthcare systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Retos: Nuevas Perspectivas de Educación Física, Deporte y Recreación is the property of Federacion Espanola de Asociaciones de Docentes de Educacion Fisica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Economic evaluations are used to compare the costs and consequences of healthcare interventions, including those for musculoskeletal (MSK) disorders, which are very common and a major source of morbidity and absence from work. Reimbursement decisions for interventions for MSK disorders by decision-makers rely on the findings of economic evaluations, the design and results of which depend largely on the perspective adopted. Despite methodological advancements in economic evaluations, there are no clear guidelines on the perspective to adopt. This paper explores the adoption of a societal perspective in economic evaluations of MSK disorders. Within health economics evaluations, the most commonly used perspectives include the payer perspective, the healthcare perspective, and the societal perspective. To facilitate optimal resource allocation decisions in order to reduce the significant economic burden of MSK disorders and improve the health outcomes of individuals with these disorders, all costs and benefits associated with interventions for them should be included. Thus, the societal perspective is arguably a preferable option to the others for economic evaluations of interventions for MSK disorders.

The study sought to explore preservice teachers’ perspective on the implementation of inclusive education in the university of Education, Winneba, specifically, the department of Special Education. The study employed a phenomenological design. Semi-structured interviews were used to gather data for the study. The population of the study comprised preservice teachers in their final year. The purposive sampling technique was used to select the participants. The sample size of the study was 21 preservice teachers within the department of Special Education. Majority of the respondents perceived that, the implementation of inclusive education is a movement away from segregation, it is a tool for effective inclusive teaching. The study recommends that, Policy makers such as the Ministry of Education should make available copies of the inclusive education Policy book to preservice teachers. This would enable preservice teachers to have indebt knowledge on the policy and as well as its practice. It is also recommended that, the University of Education, Winneba should organize and schedule frequent workshop trainings on inclusive education professional development for preservice teachers.

Abstract Background Fatigue among patients with end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) receiving haemodialysis imposes a substantial burden on patients’ quality of life and expected treatment outcomes. This study explores the perspective on ESKD-related fatigue and contributing factors among Omani patients receiving haemodialysis. Methods An exploratory qualitative design was used. Participants (N = 25) were recruited from two Omani haemodialysis centres, and data were collected through semi-structured interviews, which were transcribed and analysed using a thematic analysis approach. NVivo 11 is used to manage qualitative data and create memos, nodes, and codes. Results Findings highlighted three themes: (i)“Inevitability of fatigue,” (ii)“Contributors to physical fatigue,” and (iii)“Contributors to mental fatigue.” Theme one alluded to the inevitability of fatigue and the unique experience encountered by patients. Theme two addressed the physical fatigue associated with ESKD-related factors, such as chronically low haemoglobin levels, and the exhausting impact caused by the frequency and travelling distance for treatment sessions. Theme three, mental fatigue, was notably driven by heightened emotional disturbance, encompassing frustration, guilt, anxiety, and distress, that in turn impacted family interactions, frequently triggering anger and remorse. Moreover, mental fatigue is a result of disturbances in expressing physical sexuality in marriage, as physical fatigue was found to be a significant contributor to unsatisfactory sexual experiences and, thus, straining the relationships between couples. Conclusions This study offers an explanation of fatigue among Omani patients with ESKD who are receiving haemodialysis. The study emphasises close links between physiological change, the haemodialysis process, and mental tiredness, together with their contribution to supporting the need for a holistic approach and care strategies in managing these patients and promoting patient and family well-being.

Abstract Background The combination of virtual reality (VR) and palliative care potentially represents a new opportunity for palliative care. Many previous studies have evaluated the application of VR therapy to patients with advanced disease receiving palliative care. However, patient-perspective reviews to comprehensively understand the actual experiences and feelings of patients and provide practical guidance for designing future studies are currently lacking. This review of qualitative evidence aimed to explore the experiences and perceptions of patients receiving VR therapy in palliative care. Methods This study was conducted in accordance with the Enhancing Transparency in Reporting the Synthesis of Qualitative Research (ENTREQ) statement guidelines. Ten databases, namely, PubMed, Web of Science, EBSCO, OVID MEDLINE, Scopus, John Wiley, ProQuest, CNKI, WANFANG DATA, and SinoMed, were searched, and qualitative and mixed studies from the establishment of each database to June 30, 2023 were included. The Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal Checklist for Qualitative Research was used to assess the quality of the included studies. The data included in the literature were analyzed and integrated by “thematic synthesis” to formalize the identification and development of themes. Results The nine selected studies altogether included 156 participants from seven hospice care facilities of different types and two oncology centers. Three key themes were identified: experiences of palliative care patients in VR therapy, the perceived value that palliative care patients gain in VR therapy, and perspectives of palliative care patients toward using VR therapy. Conclusions The patients’ feedback covered discomfort caused by VR devices, good sense of experiences, and situations that affected the interactive experience. Some patients were unable to tolerate VR therapy or reported newer forms of discomfort. The findings indicated that VR therapy may be an effective approach to relieve patients’ physical and psychological pain and help them gain self-awareness. Moreover, patients showed a preference for personalized VR therapy.

Background: Diagnosis with a brain tumor is a critical event in the lives of patients and their families due to poor medical prognoses and complex clinical care. Spiritual care interventions have been known to have meaningful effects in morbid diagnoses and palliative medicine, but their role in the neuro-oncologic patient's experience is poorly understood. This systematic review explores the role of spirituality and its relevance to patient care in the diverse setting of brain tumors. Methods: A comprehensive systematic review was conducted following PRISMA-SR guidelines. PUBMED was queried for studies on spirituality and neuro-oncology. Identified studies included RCTs, interviews, surveys, and case reports that examined spirituality in neuro-oncological clinical care, quality of life, and patient experience. Of 214 articles identified, 21 studies met the inclusion criteria, and the results were narratively synthesized. Results: Spirituality may play a significant role in mental well-being by reconciling existential questions faced by both patients and caregivers, and can serve as a valuable resource to improve mental well-being and reduce rates of palliative caregiver burnout. However, the paucity of studies examining the education and integration of spiritual awareness within the clinical literature warrants further study. Conclusions: While spiritual care interventions may improve the quality of life and mental wellness of patients and their caregivers, it is unclear how spiritual awareness and education should best be implemented. Further research is needed to better understand how key components of spiritual awareness can be integrated into medical education to deepen the patient–physician relationship and improve clinical experiences. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]