1. Preclinical pharmacological evaluation of the fatty acid amide hydrolase inhibitor BIA 10‐2474
- Author
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Cátia Aires, Pedro Nuno Leal Palma, Patrício Soares-da-Silva, Nuno Pires, Ana I. Loureiro, Maria-Joao Bonifacio, Carlos Fernandes-Lopes, Paul Moser, and Filipa Sousa
- Subjects
0301 basic medicine ,BIA 10-2474 ,Pyridines ,Pharmacology ,Amidohydrolases ,Cyclic N-Oxides ,Group VI Phospholipases A2 ,Mice ,03 medical and health sciences ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,0302 clinical medicine ,Pharmacokinetics ,In vivo ,Fatty acid amide hydrolase ,Animals ,Potency ,Enzyme Inhibitors ,PF-04457845 ,ED50 ,Research Papers ,Rats ,030104 developmental biology ,chemistry ,Arachidonic acid ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery ,Endocannabinoids ,Research Paper - Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE In 2016, one person died and four others had mild-to-severe neurological symptoms during a phase I trial of the fatty acid amide hydrolase (FAAH) inhibitor BIA 10-2474. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH Pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic studies were performed with BIA 10-2474, PF-04457845 and JNJ-42165279 using mice, rats and human FAAH expressed in COS cells. Selectivity was evaluated by activity-based protein profiling (APBB) in rats. BIA 10-2474 effect in stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRSP) was investigated. KEY RESULTS BIA 10-2474 was 10-fold less potent than PF-04457845 in inhibiting human FAAH in situ but inhibited mouse brain and liver FAAH with ED50 values of 13.5 and 6.2 μg·kg-1 , respectively. Plasma and brain BIA 10-2474 levels were consistent with in situ potency and neither BIA 10-2474 nor its metabolites accumulated following repeat administration. FAAH and α/β-hydrolase domain containing 6 were the primary targets of BIA 10-2474 and, at higher exposure levels, ABHD11, PNPLA6, PLA2G15, PLA2G6 and androgen-induced protein 1. At 100 mg·kg-1 for 28 days, the level of several lipid species containing arachidonic acid increased. Daily treatment of SHRSP with BIA 10-2474 did not affect mortality rate or increased the incidence of haemorrhage or oedema in surviving animals. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS BIA 10-2474 potently inhibits FAAH in vivo, similarly to PF-04457845 and interacts with a number of lipid processing enzymes, some previously identified in human cells as off-targets particularly at high levels of exposure. These interactions occurred at doses used in toxicology studies, but the implication of these off-targets in the clinical trial accident remains unclear. more...
- Published
- 2020
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