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1. Correlations of event activity with hard and soft processes in $p$ + Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_\mathrm{NN}}$ = 200 GeV at STAR

Author: STAR Collaboration, Abdulhamid, M. I., Aboona, B. E., Adam, J., Adamczyk, L., Adams, J. R., Aggarwal, I., Aggarwal, M. M., Ahammed, Z., Aschenauer, E. C., Aslam, S., Atchison, J., Bairathi, V., Cap, J. G. Ball, Barish, K., Bellwied, R., Bhagat, P., Bhasin, A., Bhatta, S., Bhosale, S. R., Bielcik, J., Bielcikova, J., Brandenburg, J. D., Broodo, C., Cai, X. Z., Caines, H., Sánchez, M. Calderón de la Barca, Cebra, D., Ceska, J., Chakaberia, I., Chaloupka, P., Chan, B. K., Chang, Z., Chatterjee, A., Chen, D., Chen, J., Chen, J. H., Chen, Z., Cheng, J., Cheng, Y., Christie, W., Chu, X., Crawford, H. J., Csanád, M., Dale-Gau, G., Das, A., Deppner, I. M., Dhamija, A., Dixit, P., Dong, X., Drachenberg, J. L., Duckworth, E., Dunlop, J. C., Engelage, J., Eppley, G., Esumi, S., Evdokimov, O., Eyser, O., Fatemi, R., Fazio, S., Feng, C. J., Feng, Y., Finch, E., Fisyak, Y., Flor, F. A., Fu, C., Gagliardi, C. A., Galatyuk, T., Gao, T., Geurts, F., Ghimire, N., Gibson, A., Gopal, K., Gou, X., Grosnick, D., Gupta, A., Guryn, W., Hamed, A., Han, Y., Harabasz, S., Harasty, M. D., Harris, J. W., Harrison-Smith, H., He, W., He, X. H., He, Y., Herrmann, N., Holub, L., Hu, C., Hu, Q., Hu, Y., Huang, H., Huang, H. Z., Huang, S. L., Huang, T., Huang, Y., Humanic, T. J., Isshiki, M., Jacobs, W. W., Jalotra, A., Jena, C., Jentsch, A., Ji, Y., Jia, J., Jin, C., Ju, X., Judd, E. G., Kabana, S., Kalinkin, D., Kang, K., Kapukchyan, D., Kauder, K., Keane, D., Khanal, A., Khyzhniak, Y. V., Kikoła, D. P., Kincses, D., Kisel, I., Kiselev, A., Knospe, A. G., Ko, H. S., Kołaś, J., Kosarzewski, L. K., Kumar, L., Labonte, M. C., Lacey, R., Landgraf, J. M., Lauret, J., Lebedev, A., Lee, J. H., Leung, Y. H., Li, C., Li, D., Li, H-S., Li, H., Li, W., Li, X., Li, Y., Li, Z., Liang, X., Liang, Y., Licenik, R., Lin, T., Lin, Y., Lisa, M. A., Liu, C., Liu, G., Liu, H., Liu, L., Liu, T., Liu, X., Liu, Y., Liu, Z., Ljubicic, T., Lomicky, O., Longacre, R. S., Loyd, E. M., Lu, T., Luo, J., Luo, X. F., Ma, L., Ma, R., Ma, Y. G., Magdy, N., Mallick, D., Manikandhan, R., Margetis, S., Markert, C., Matonoha, O., McNamara, G., Mezhanska, O., Mi, K., Mioduszewski, S., Mohanty, B., Mondal, B., Mondal, M. M., Mooney, I., Mrazkova, J., Nagy, M. I., Nain, A. S., Nam, J. D., Nasim, M., Neff, D., Nelson, J. M., Nie, M., Nigmatkulov, G., Niida, T., Nonaka, T., Odyniec, G., Ogawa, A., Oh, S., Okubo, K., Page, B. S., Pal, S., Pandav, A., Panday, A., Pandey, A. K., Pani, T., Paul, A., Pawlik, B., Pawlowska, D., Perkins, C., Pluta, J., Pokhrel, B. R., Posik, M., Protzman, T. L., Prozorova, V., Pruthi, N. K., Przybycien, M., Putschke, J., Qin, Z., Qiu, H., Racz, C., Radhakrishnan, S. K., Rana, A., Ray, R. L., Reed, R., Robertson, C. W., Robotkova, M., Aguilar, M. A. Rosales, Roy, D., Chowdhury, P. Roy, Ruan, L., Sahoo, A. K., Sahoo, N. R., Sako, H., Salur, S., Sato, S., Schaefer, B. C., Schmidke, W. B., Schmitz, N., Seck, F-J., Seger, J., Seto, R., Seyboth, P., Shah, N., Shanmuganathan, P. V., Shao, T., Sharma, M., Sharma, N., Sharma, R., Sharma, S. R., Sheikh, A. I., Shen, D., Shen, D. Y., Shen, K., Shi, S. S., Shi, Y., Shou, Q. Y., Si, F., Singh, J., Singha, S., Sinha, P., Skoby, M. J., Smirnov, N., Söhngen, Y., Song, Y., Srivastava, B., Stanislaus, T. D. S., Stefaniak, M., Stewart, D. J., Su, Y., Sumbera, M., Sun, C., Sun, X., Sun, Y., Surrow, B., Svoboda, M., Sweger, Z. W., Tamis, A. C., Tang, A. H., Tang, Z., Tarnowsky, T., Thomas, J. H., Timmins, A. R., Tlusty, D., Todoroki, T., Trentalange, S., Tribedy, P., Tripathy, S. K., Truhlar, T., Trzeciak, B. A., Tsai, O. D., Tsang, C. Y., Tu, Z., Tyler, J., Ullrich, T., Underwood, D. G., Upsal, I., Van Buren, G., Vanek, J., Vassiliev, I., Verkest, V., Videbæk, F., Voloshin, S. A., Wang, G., Wang, J. S., Wang, J., Wang, K., Wang, X., Wang, Y., Wang, Z., Webb, J. C., Weidenkaff, P. C., Westfall, G. D., Wielanek, D., Wieman, H., Wilks, G., Wissink, S. W., Witt, R., Wu, J., Wu, X., Xi, B., Xiao, Z. G., Xie, G., Xie, W., Xu, H., Xu, N., Xu, Q. H., Xu, Y., Xu, Z., Yan, G., Yan, Z., Yang, C., Yang, Q., Yang, S., Yang, Y., Ye, Z., Yi, L., Yu, Y., Zbroszczyk, H., Zha, W., Zhang, C., Zhang, D., Zhang, J., Zhang, S., Zhang, W., Zhang, X., Zhang, Y., Zhang, Z. J., Zhang, Z., Zhao, F., Zhao, J., Zhao, M., Zhou, S., Zhou, Y., Zhu, X., Zurek, M., and Zyzak, M.
Subjects: Nuclear Experiment
Abstract: With the STAR experiment at the BNL Relativisic Heavy Ion Collider, we characterize $\sqrt{s_\mathrm{NN}}$ = 200 GeV p+Au collisions by event activity (EA) measured within the pseudorapidity range $eta$ $in$ [-5, -3.4] in the Au-going direction and report correlations between this EA and hard- and soft- scale particle production at midrapidity ($\eta$ $\in$ [-1, 1]). At the soft scale, charged particle production in low-EA p+Au collisions is comparable to that in p+p collisions and increases monotonically with increasing EA. At the hard scale, we report measurements of high transverse momentum (pT) jets in events of different EAs. In contrast with the soft particle production, high-pT particle production and EA are found to be inversely related. To investigate whether this is a signal of jet quenching in high-EA events, we also report ratios of pT imbalance and azimuthal separation of dijets in high- and low-EA events. Within our measurement precision, no significant differences are observed, disfavoring the presence of jet quenching in the highest 30% EA p+Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_\mathrm{NN}}$ = 200 GeV., Comment: 12 page, 9 figures
Published: 2024
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2. Measurement of flow coefficients in high-multiplicity $p$+Au, $d$+Au and $^{3}$He$+$Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{_{\mathrm{NN}}}}$=200 GeV

Author: STAR Collaboration, Abdulhamid, M. I., Aboona, B. E., Adam, J., Adamczyk, L., Adams, J. R., Aggarwal, I., Aggarwal, M. M., Ahammed, Z., Aschenauer, E. C., Aslam, S., Atchison, J., Bairathi, V., Cap, J. G. Ball, Barish, K., Bellwied, R., Bhagat, P., Bhasin, A., Bhatta, S., Bhosale, S. R., Bielcik, J., Bielcikova, J., Brandenburg, J. D., Broodo, C., Cai, X. Z., Caines, H., Sánchez, M. Calderón de la Barca, Cebra, D., Ceska, J., Chakaberia, I., Chaloupka, P., Chan, B. K., Chang, Z., Chatterjee, A., Chen, D., Chen, J., Chen, J. H., Chen, Q., Chen, Z., Cheng, J., Cheng, Y., Christie, W., Chu, X., Crawford, H. J., Csanád, M., Dale-Gau, G., Das, A., Deppner, I. M., Deshpande, A., Dhamija, A., Dixit, P., Dong, X., Drachenberg, J. L., Duckworth, E., Dunlop, J. C., Engelage, J., Eppley, G., Esumi, S., Evdokimov, O., Eyser, O., Fatemi, R., Fazio, S., Feng, C. J., Feng, Y., Finch, E., Fisyak, Y., Flor, F. A., Fu, C., Gagliardi, C. A., Galatyuk, T., Gao, T., Geurts, F., Ghimire, N., Gibson, A., Gopal, K., Gou, X., Grosnick, D., Gupta, A., Guryn, W., Hamed, A., Han, Y., Harabasz, S., Harasty, M. D., Harris, J. W., Harrison-Smith, H., Havener, L. B., He, W., He, X. H., He, Y., Herrmann, N., Holub, L., Hu, C., Hu, Q., Hu, Y., Huang, H., Huang, H. Z., Huang, S. L., Huang, T., Huang, Y., Humanic, T. J., Isshiki, M., Jacobs, W. W., Jalotra, A., Jena, C., Jentsch, A., Ji, Y., Jia, J., Jin, C., Ju, X., Judd, E. G., Kabana, S., Kalinkin, D., Kang, K., Kapukchyan, D., Kauder, K., Keane, D., Khanal, A., Khyzhniak, Y. V., Kikoła, D. P., Kincses, D., Kisel, I., Kiselev, A., Knospe, A. G., Ko, H. S., Kołaś, J., Kosarzewski, L. K., Kumar, L., Labonte, M. C., Lacey, R., Landgraf, J. M., Lauret, J., Lebedev, A., Lee, J. H., Leung, Y. H., Li, C., Li, D., Li, H-S., Li, H., Li, W., Li, X., Li, Y., Li, Z., Liang, X., Liang, Y., Licenik, R., Lin, T., Lin, Y., Lisa, M. A., Liu, C., Liu, G., Liu, H., Liu, L., Liu, T., Liu, X., Liu, Y., Liu, Z., Ljubicic, T., Lomicky, O., Longacre, R. S., Loyd, E. M., Lu, T., Luo, J., Luo, X. F., Ma, L., Ma, R., Ma, Y. G., Magdy, N., Mallick, D., Manikandhan, R., Markert, C., Matonoha, O., McNamara, G., Mezhanska, O., Mi, K., Mioduszewski, S., Mohanty, B., Mondal, B., Mondal, M. M., Mooney, I., Mrazkova, J., Nagy, M. I., Naim, C. J., Nain, A. S., Nam, J. D., Nasim, M., Neff, D., Nelson, J. M., Nie, M., Nigmatkulov, G., Niida, T., Nonaka, T., Odyniec, G., Ogawa, A., Oh, S., Okubo, K., Page, B. S., Pal, S., Pandav, A., Panday, A., Pandey, A. K., Pani, T., Paul, A., Pawlik, B., Pawlowska, D., Perkins, C., Pluta, J., Pokhrel, B. R., Pinto, I. D. Ponce, Posik, M., Protzman, T. L., Prozorova, V., Pruthi, N. K., Przybycien, M., Putschke, J., Qin, Z., Qiu, H., Racz, C., Radhakrishnan, S. K., Rana, A., Ray, R. L., Reed, R., Robertson, C. W., Robotkova, M., Aguilar, M. A. Rosales, Roy, D., Chowdhury, P. Roy, Ruan, L., Sahoo, A. K., Sahoo, N. R., Sako, H., Salur, S., Sato, S., Schaefer, B. C., Schmidke, W. B., Schmitz, N., Seck, F-J., Seger, J., Seto, R., Seyboth, P., Shah, N., Shanmuganathan, P. V., Shao, T., Sharma, M., Sharma, N., Sharma, R., Sharma, S. R., Sheikh, A. I., Shen, D., Shen, D. Y., Shen, K., Shi, S. S., Shi, Y., Shou, Q. Y., Si, F., Singh, J., Singha, S., Sinha, P., Skoby, M. J., Smirnov, N., Söhngen, Y., Song, Y., Srivastava, B., Stanislaus, T. D. S., Stefaniak, M., Stewart, D. J., Su, Y., Sumbera, M., Sun, C., Sun, X., Sun, Y., Surrow, B., Svoboda, M., Sweger, Z. W., Tamis, A. C., Tang, A. H., Tang, Z., Tarnowsky, T., Thomas, J. H., Timmins, A. R., Tlusty, D., Todoroki, T., Trentalange, S., Tribedy, P., Tripathy, S. K., Truhlar, T., Trzeciak, B. A., Tsai, O. D., Tsang, C. Y., Tu, Z., Tyler, J., Ullrich, T., Underwood, D. G., Upsal, I., Van Buren, G., Vanek, J., Vassiliev, I., Verkest, V., Videbæk, F., Voloshin, S. A., Wang, G., Wang, J. S., Wang, J., Wang, K., Wang, X., Wang, Y., Wang, Z., Webb, J. C., Weidenkaff, P. C., Westfall, G. D., Wielanek, D., Wieman, H., Wilks, G., Wissink, S. W., Witt, R., Wu, J., Wu, X., Xi, B., Xiao, Z. G., Xie, G., Xie, W., Xu, H., Xu, N., Xu, Q. H., Xu, Y., Xu, Z., Yan, G., Yan, Z., Yang, C., Yang, Q., Yang, S., Yang, Y., Ye, Z., Yi, L., Yu, Y., Zbroszczyk, H., Zha, W., Zhang, C., Zhang, D., Zhang, J., Zhang, S., Zhang, W., Zhang, X., Zhang, Y., Zhang, Z. J., Zhang, Z., Zhao, F., Zhao, J., Zhao, M., Zhou, S., Zhou, Y., Zhu, X., Zurek, M., and Zyzak, M.
Subjects: Nuclear Experiment
Abstract: Flow coefficients ($v_2$ and $v_3$) are measured in high-multiplicity $p$+Au, $d$+Au, and $^{3}$He$+$Au collisions at a center-of-mass energy of $\sqrt{s_{_{\mathrm{NN}}}}$ = 200 GeV using the STAR detector. The measurements utilize two-particle correlations with a pseudorapidity requirement of $|\eta| <$ 0.9 and a pair gap of $|\Delta\eta|>1.0$. The primary focus is on analysis methods, particularly the subtraction of non-flow contributions. Four established non-flow subtraction methods are applied to determine $v_n$, validated using the HIJING event generator. $v_n$ values are compared across the three collision systems at similar multiplicities; this comparison cancels the final state effects and isolates the impact of initial geometry. While $v_2$ values show differences among these collision systems, $v_3$ values are largely similar, consistent with expectations of subnucleon fluctuations in the initial geometry. The ordering of $v_n$ differs quantitatively from previous measurements using two-particle correlations with a larger rapidity gap, which, according to model calculations, can be partially attributed to the effects of longitudinal flow decorrelations. The prospects for future measurements to improve our understanding of flow decorrelation and subnucleonic fluctuations are also discussed., Comment: 29 pages, 25 figures
Published: 2023

3. Production of Protons and Light Nuclei in Au+Au Collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\mathrm{NN}}}$ = 3 GeV with the STAR Detector

Author: STAR Collaboration, Abdulhamid, M. I., Aboona, B. E., Adam, J., Adamczyk, L., Adams, J. R., Aggarwal, I., Aggarwal, M. M., Ahammed, Z., Aschenauer, E. C., Aslam, S., Atchison, J., Bairathi, V., Cap, J. G. Ball, Barish, K., Bellwied, R., Bhagat, P., Bhasin, A., Bhatta, S., Bhosale, S. R., Bielcik, J., Bielcikova, J., Brandenburg, J. D., Broodo, C., Cai, X. Z., Caines, H., Sánchez, M. Calderón de la Barca, Cebra, D., Ceska, J., Chakaberia, I., Chaloupka, P., Chan, B. K., Chang, Z., Chatterjee, A., Chen, D., Chen, J., Chen, J. H., Chen, Q., Chen, Z., Cheng, J., Cheng, Y., Christie, W., Chu, X., Crawford, H. J., Csanád, M., Dale-Gau, G., Das, A., Deppner, I. M., Deshpande, A., Dhamija, A., Dixit, P., Dong, X., Drachenberg, J. L., Duckworth, E., Dunlop, J. C., Engelage, J., Eppley, G., Esumi, S., Evdokimov, O., Eyser, O., Fatemi, R., Fazio, S., Feng, C. J., Feng, Y., Finch, E., Fisyak, Y., Flor, F. A., Fu, C., Gagliardi, C. A., Galatyuk, T., Gao, T., Geurts, F., Ghimire, N., Gibson, A., Gopal, K., Gou, X., Grosnick, D., Gupta, A., Guryn, W., Hamed, A., Han, Y., Harabasz, S., Harasty, M. D., Harris, J. W., Harrison-Smith, H., He, W., He, X. H., He, Y., Herrmann, N., Holub, L., Hu, C., Hu, Q., Hu, Y., Huang, H., Huang, H. Z., Huang, S. L., Huang, T., Huang, Y., Humanic, T. J., Isshiki, M., Jacobs, W. W., Jalotra, A., Jena, C., Jentsch, A., Ji, Y., Jia, J., Jin, C., Ju, X., Judd, E. G., Kabana, S., Kalinkin, D., Kang, K., Kapukchyan, D., Kauder, K., Keane, D., Khanal, A., Khyzhniak, Y. V., Kikoła, D. P., Kincses, D., Kisel, I., Kiselev, A., Knospe, A. G., Ko, H. S., Kołaś, J., Kosarzewski, L. K., Kumar, L., Labonte, M. C., Lacey, R., Landgraf, J. M., Lauret, J., Lebedev, A., Lee, J. H., Leung, Y. H., Li, C., Li, D., Li, H-S., Li, H., Li, W., Li, X., Li, Y., Li, Z., Liang, X., Liang, Y., Licenik, R., Lin, T., Lin, Y., Lisa, M. A., Liu, C., Liu, G., Liu, H., Liu, L., Liu, T., Liu, X., Liu, Y., Liu, Z., Ljubicic, T., Lomicky, O., Longacre, R. S., Loyd, E. M., Lu, T., Luo, J., Luo, X. F., Ma, L., Ma, R., Ma, Y. G., Magdy, N., Mallick, D., Manikandhan, R., Markert, C., Matonoha, O., McNamara, G., Mezhanska, O., Mi, K., Mioduszewski, S., Mohanty, B., Mondal, B., Mondal, M. M., Mooney, I., Mrazkova, J., Nagy, M. I., Naim, C. J., Nain, A. S., Nam, J. D., Nasim, M., Neff, D., Nelson, J. M., Nie, M., Nigmatkulov, G., Niida, T., Nonaka, T., Odyniec, G., Ogawa, A., Oh, S., Okubo, K., Page, B. S., Pal, S., Pandav, A., Panday, A., Pandey, A. K., Pani, T., Paul, A., Pawlik, B., Pawlowska, D., Perkins, C., Pluta, J., Pokhrel, B. R., Posik, M., Protzman, T. L., Prozorova, V., Pruthi, N. K., Przybycien, M., Putschke, J., Qin, Z., Qiu, H., Racz, C., Radhakrishnan, S. K., Rana, A., Ray, R. L., Reed, R., Robertson, C. W., Robotkova, M., Aguilar, M. A. Rosales, Roy, D., Chowdhury, P. Roy, Ruan, L., Sahoo, A. K., Sahoo, N. R., Sako, H., Salur, S., Sato, S., Schaefer, B. C., Schmidke, W. B., Schmitz, N., Seck, F-J., Seger, J., Seto, R., Seyboth, P., Shah, N., Shanmuganathan, P. V., Shao, T., Sharma, M., Sharma, N., Sharma, R., Sharma, S. R., Sheikh, A. I., Shen, D., Shen, D. Y., Shen, K., Shi, S. S., Shi, Y., Shou, Q. Y., Si, F., Singh, J., Singha, S., Sinha, P., Skoby, M. J., Smirnov, N., Söhngen, Y., Song, Y., Srivastava, B., Stanislaus, T. D. S., Stefaniak, M., Stewart, D. J., Su, Y., Sumbera, M., Sun, C., Sun, X., Sun, Y., Surrow, B., Svoboda, M., Sweger, Z. W., Tamis, A. C., Tang, A. H., Tang, Z., Tarnowsky, T., Thomas, J. H., Timmins, A. R., Tlusty, D., Todoroki, T., Trentalange, S., Tribedy, P., Tripathy, S. K., Truhlar, T., Trzeciak, B. A., Tsai, O. D., Tsang, C. Y., Tu, Z., Tyler, J., Ullrich, T., Underwood, D. G., Upsal, I., Van Buren, G., Vanek, J., Vassiliev, I., Verkest, V., Videbæk, F., Voloshin, S. A., Wang, G., Wang, J. S., Wang, J., Wang, K., Wang, X., Wang, Y., Wang, Z., Webb, J. C., Weidenkaff, P. C., Westfall, G. D., Wielanek, D., Wieman, H., Wilks, G., Wissink, S. W., Witt, R., Wu, J., Wu, X., Xi, B., Xiao, Z. G., Xie, G., Xie, W., Xu, H., Xu, N., Xu, Q. H., Xu, Y., Xu, Z., Yan, G., Yan, Z., Yang, C., Yang, Q., Yang, S., Yang, Y., Ye, Z., Yi, L., Yu, N., Yu, Y., Zbroszczyk, H., Zha, W., Zhang, C., Zhang, D., Zhang, J., Zhang, S., Zhang, W., Zhang, X., Zhang, Y., Zhang, Z. J., Zhang, Z., Zhao, F., Zhao, J., Zhao, M., Zhou, S., Zhou, Y., Zhu, X., Zurek, M., and Zyzak, M.
Subjects: Nuclear Experiment, Nuclear Theory
Abstract: We report the systematic measurement of protons and light nuclei production in Au+Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\mathrm{NN}}}$ = 3 GeV by the STAR experiment at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC). The transverse momentum ($p_{T}$) spectra of protons ($p$), deuterons ($d$), tritons ($t$), $^{3}\mathrm{He}$, and $^{4}\mathrm{He}$ are measured from mid-rapidity to target rapidity for different collision centralities. We present the rapidity and centrality dependence of particle yields ($dN/dy$), average transverse momentum ($\langle p_{T}\rangle$), yield ratios ($d/p$, $t/p$,$^{3}\mathrm{He}/p$, $^{4}\mathrm{He}/p$), as well as the coalescence parameters ($B_2$, $B_3$). The 4$\pi$ yields for various particles are determined by utilizing the measured rapidity distributions, $dN/dy$. Furthermore, we present the energy, centrality, and rapidity dependence of the compound yield ratios ($N_{p} \times N_{t} / N_{d}^{2}$) and compare them with various model calculations. The physics implications of those results on the production mechanism of light nuclei and on QCD phase structure are discussed., Comment: 17 pages, 17 figures
Published: 2023

4. Measurements of charged-particle multiplicity dependence of higher-order net-proton cumulants in $p$+$p$ collisions at $\sqrt{s} =$ 200 GeV from STAR at RHIC

Author: STAR Collaboration, Abdulhamid, M. I., Aboona, B. E., Adam, J., Adamczyk, L., Adams, J. R., Aggarwal, I., Aggarwal, M. M., Ahammed, Z., Aschenauer, E. C., Aslam, S., Atchison, J., Bairathi, V., Cap, J. G. Ball, Barish, K., Bellwied, R., Bhagat, P., Bhasin, A., Bhatta, S., Bhosale, S. R., Bielcik, J., Bielcikova, J., Brandenburg, J. D., Broodo, C., Cai, X. Z., Caines, H., Sánchez, M. Calderón de la Barca, Cebra, D., Ceska, J., Chakaberia, I., Chaloupka, P., Chan, B. K., Chang, Z., Chatterjee, A., Chen, D., Chen, J., Chen, J. H., Chen, Z., Cheng, J., Cheng, Y., Christie, W., Chu, X., Crawford, H. J., Csanád, M., Dale-Gau, G., Das, A., Deppner, I. M., Dhamija, A., Dixit, P., Dong, X., Drachenberg, J. L., Duckworth, E., Dunlop, J. C., Engelage, J., Eppley, G., Esumi, S., Evdokimov, O., Eyser, O., Fatemi, R., Fazio, S., Feng, C. J., Feng, Y., Finch, E., Fisyak, Y., Flor, F. A., Fu, C., Gagliardi, C. A., Galatyuk, T., Gao, T., Geurts, F., Ghimire, N., Gibson, A., Gopal, K., Gou, X., Grosnick, D., Gupta, A., Guryn, W., Hamed, A., Han, Y., Harabasz, S., Harasty, M. D., Harris, J. W., Harrison-Smith, H., He, W., He, X. H., He, Y., Herrmann, N., Holub, L., Hu, C., Hu, Q., Hu, Y., Huang, H., Huang, H. Z., Huang, S. L., Huang, T., Huang, Y., Humanic, T. J., Isshiki, M., Jacobs, W. W., Jalotra, A., Jena, C., Jentsch, A., Ji, Y., Jia, J., Jin, C., Ju, X., Judd, E. G., Kabana, S., Kalinkin, D., Kang, K., Kapukchyan, D., Kauder, K., Keane, D., Khanal, A., Khyzhniak, Y. V., Kikoła, D. P., Kincses, D., Kisel, I., Kiselev, A., Knospe, A. G., Ko, H. S., Kołaś, J., Kosarzewski, L. K., Kumar, L., Labonte, M. C., Lacey, R., Landgraf, J. M., Lauret, J., Lebedev, A., Lee, J. H., Leung, Y. H., Li, C., Li, D., Li, H-S., Li, H., Li, W., Li, X., Li, Y., Li, Z., Liang, X., Liang, Y., Licenik, R., Lin, T., Lin, Y., Lisa, M. A., Liu, C., Liu, G., Liu, H., Liu, L., Liu, T., Liu, X., Liu, Y., Liu, Z., Ljubicic, T., Lomicky, O., Longacre, R. S., Loyd, E. M., Lu, T., Luo, J., Luo, X. F., Ma, L., Ma, R., Ma, Y. G., Magdy, N., Mallick, D., Manikandhan, R., Margetis, S., Markert, C., Matonoha, O., McNamara, G., Mezhanska, O., Mi, K., Mioduszewski, S., Mohanty, B., Mondal, B., Mondal, M. M., Mooney, I., Mrazkova, J., Nagy, M. I., Nain, A. S., Nam, J. D., Nasim, M., Neff, D., Nelson, J. M., Nie, M., Nigmatkulov, G., Niida, T., Nishitani, R., Nonaka, T., Odyniec, G., Ogawa, A., Oh, S., Okubo, K., Page, B. S., Pal, S., Pandav, A., Panday, A., Pani, T., Paul, A., Pawlik, B., Pawlowska, D., Perkins, C., Pluta, J., Pokhrel, B. R., Posik, M., Protzman, T., Prozorova, V., Pruthi, N. K., Przybycien, M., Putschke, J., Qin, Z., Qiu, H., Racz, C., Radhakrishnan, S. K., Rana, A., Ray, R. L., Reed, R., Robertson, C. W., Robotkova, M., Aguilar, M. A. Rosales, Roy, D., Chowdhury, P. Roy, Ruan, L., Sahoo, A. K., Sahoo, N. R., Sako, H., Salur, S., Sato, S., Schaefer, B. C., Schmidke, W. B., Schmitz, N., Seck, F-J., Seger, J., Seto, R., Seyboth, P., Shah, N., Shanmuganathan, P. V., Shao, T., Sharma, M., Sharma, N., Sharma, R., Sharma, S. R., Sheikh, A. I., Shen, D., Shen, D. Y., Shen, K., Shi, S. S., Shi, Y., Shou, Q. Y., Si, F., Singh, J., Singha, S., Sinha, P., Skoby, M. J., Smirnov, N., Söhngen, Y., Song, Y., Srivastava, B., Stanislaus, T. D. S., Stefaniak, M., Stewart, D. J., Su, Y., Sumbera, M., Sun, C., Sun, X., Sun, Y., Surrow, B., Svoboda, M., Sweger, Z. W., Tamis, A. C., Tang, A. H., Tang, Z., Tarnowsky, T., Thomas, J. H., Timmins, A. R., Tlusty, D., Todoroki, T., Trentalange, S., Tribedy, P., Tripathy, S. K., Truhlar, T., Trzeciak, B. A., Tsai, O. D., Tsang, C. Y., Tu, Z., Tyler, J., Ullrich, T., Underwood, D. G., Upsal, I., Van Buren, G., Vanek, J., Vassiliev, I., Verkest, V., Videbæk, F., Voloshin, S. A., Wang, G., Wang, J. S., Wang, J., Wang, K., Wang, X., Wang, Y., Wang, Z., Webb, J. C., Weidenkaff, P. C., Westfall, G. D., Wielanek, D., Wieman, H., Wilks, G., Wissink, S. W., Witt, R., Wu, J., Wu, X., Xi, B., Xiao, Z. G., Xie, G., Xie, W., Xu, H., Xu, N., Xu, Q. H., Xu, Y., Xu, Z., Yan, G., Yan, Z., Yang, C., Yang, Q., Yang, S., Yang, Y., Ye, Z., Yi, L., Yu, Y., Zbroszczyk, H., Zha, W., Zhang, C., Zhang, D., Zhang, J., Zhang, S., Zhang, W., Zhang, X., Zhang, Y., Zhang, Z. J., Zhang, Z., Zhao, F., Zhao, J., Zhao, M., Zhou, S., Zhou, Y., Zhu, X., Zurek, M., and Zyzak, M.
Subjects: Nuclear Experiment, High Energy Physics - Experiment, High Energy Physics - Phenomenology, Nuclear Theory
Abstract: We report on the charged-particle multiplicity dependence of net-proton cumulant ratios up to sixth order from $\sqrt{s}=200$ GeV $p$+$p$ collisions at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC). The measured ratios $C_{4}/C_{2}$, $C_{5}/C_{1}$, and $C_{6}/C_{2}$ decrease with increased charged-particle multiplicity and rapidity acceptance. Neither the Skellam baselines nor PYTHIA8 calculations account for the observed multiplicity dependence. In addition, the ratios $C_{5}/C_{1}$ and $C_{6}/C_{2}$ approach negative values in the highest-multiplicity events, which implies that thermalized QCD matter may be formed in $p$+$p$ collisions., Comment: 12 pages, 6 figures, accepted version by PLB
Published: 2023
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5. Observation of the Antimatter Hypernucleus $^4_{\bar{\Lambda}}\overline{\hbox{H}}$

Author: STAR Collaboration, Abdulhamid, M. I., Aboona, B. E., Adam, J., Adamczyk, L., Adams, J. R., Aggarwal, I., Aggarwal, M. M., Ahammed, Z., Aschenauer, E. C., Aslam, S., Atchison, J., Bairathi, V., Cap, J. G. Ball, Barish, K., Bellwied, R., Bhagat, P., Bhasin, A., Bhatta, S., Bhosale, S. R., Bielcik, J., Bielcikova, J., Brandenburg, J. D., Broodo, C., Cai, X. Z., Caines, H., Sánchez, M. Calderón de la Barca, Cebra, D., Ceska, J., Chakaberia, I., Chaloupka, P., Chan, B. K., Chang, Z., Chatterjee, A., Chen, D., Chen, J., Chen, J. H., Chen, Z., Cheng, J., Cheng, Y., Choudhury, S., Christie, W., Chu, X., Crawford, H. J., Csanád, M., Dale-Gau, G., Das, A., Deppner, I. M., Dhamija, A., Dixit, P., Dong, X., Drachenberg, J. L., Duckworth, E., Dunlop, J. C., Engelage, J., Eppley, G., Esumi, S., Evdokimov, O., Eyser, O., Fatemi, R., Fazio, S., Feng, C. J., Feng, Y., Finch, E., Fisyak, Y., Flor, F. A., Fu, C., Gagliardi, C. A., Galatyuk, T., Gao, T., Geurts, F., Ghimire, N., Gibson, A., Gopal, K., Gou, X., Grosnick, D., Gupta, A., Guryn, W., Hamed, A., Han, Y., Harabasz, S., Harasty, M. D., Harris, J. W., Harrison-Smith, H., He, W., He, X. H., He, Y., Herrmann, N., Holub, L., Hu, C., Hu, Q., Hu, Y., Huang, H., Huang, H. Z., Huang, S. L., Huang, T., Huang, X., Huang, Y., Humanic, T. J., Isshiki, M., Jacobs, W. W., Jalotra, A., Jena, C., Jentsch, A., Ji, Y., Jia, J., Jin, C., Ju, X., Judd, E. G., Kabana, S., Kalinkin, D., Kang, K., Kapukchyan, D., Kauder, K., Keane, D., Khanal, A., Khyzhniak, Y. V., Kikoła, D. P., Kincses, D., Kisel, I., Kiselev, A., Knospe, A. G., Ko, H. S., Kosarzewski, L. K., Kumar, L., Labonte, M. C., Lacey, R., Landgraf, J. M., Lauret, J., Lebedev, A., Lee, J. H., Leung, Y. H., Lewis, N., Li, C., Li, D., Li, H-S., Li, H., Li, W., Li, X., Li, Y., Li, Z., Liang, X., Liang, Y., Licenik, R., Lin, T., Lin, Y., Lisa, M. A., Liu, C., Liu, G., Liu, H., Liu, L., Liu, T., Liu, X., Liu, Y., Liu, Z., Ljubicic, T., Lomicky, O., Longacre, R. S., Loyd, E. M., Lu, T., Luo, J., Luo, X. F., Ma, L., Ma, R., Ma, Y. G., Magdy, N., Mallick, D., Manikandhan, R., Margetis, S., Markert, C., McNamara, G., Mezhanska, O., Mi, K., Mioduszewski, S., Mohanty, B., Mondal, M. M., Mooney, I., Mrazkova, J., Nagy, M. I., Nain, A. S., Nam, J. D., Nasim, M., Neff, D., Nelson, J. M., Nemes, D. B., Nie, M., Nigmatkulov, G., Niida, T., Nonaka, T., Odyniec, G., Ogawa, A., Oh, S., Okubo, K., Page, B. S., Pak, R., Pal, S., Pandav, A., Pandey, A. K., Pani, T., Paul, A., Pawlik, B., Pawlowska, D., Perkins, C., Pluta, J., Pokhrel, B. R., Posik, M., Protzman, T., Prozorova, V., Pruthi, N. K., Przybycien, M., Putschke, J., Qin, Z., Qiu, H., Racz, C., Radhakrishnan, S. K., Rana, A., Ray, R. L., Reed, R., Robertson, C. W., Robotkova, M., Aguilar, M. A. Rosales, Roy, D., Chowdhury, P. Roy, Ruan, L., Sahoo, A. K., Sahoo, N. R., Sako, H., Salur, S., Sato, S., Schaefer, B. C., Schmidke, W. B., Schmitz, N., Seck, F-J., Seger, J., Seto, R., Seyboth, P., Shah, N., Shanmuganathan, P. V., Shao, T., Sharma, M., Sharma, N., Sharma, R., Sharma, S. R., Sheikh, A. I., Shen, D., Shen, D. Y., Shen, K., Shi, S. S., Shi, Y., Shou, Q. Y., Si, F., Singh, J., Singha, S., Sinha, P., Skoby, M. J., Smirnov, N., Söhngen, Y., Song, Y., Srivastava, B., Stanislaus, T. D. S., Stefaniak, M., Stewart, D. J., Su, Y., Sumbera, M., Sun, C., Sun, X., Sun, Y., Surrow, B., Svoboda, M., Sweger, Z. W., Tamis, A. C., Tang, A. H., Tang, Z., Tarnowsky, T., Thomas, J. H., Timmins, A. R., Tlusty, D., Todoroki, T., Trentalange, S., Tribedy, P., Tripathy, S. K., Truhlar, T., Trzeciak, B. A., Tsai, O. D., Tsang, C. Y., Tu, Z., Tyler, J., Ullrich, T., Underwood, D. G., Upsal, I., Van Buren, G., Vanek, J., Vassiliev, I., Verkest, V., Videbæk, F., Voloshin, S. A., Wang, F., Wang, G., Wang, J. S., Wang, J., Wang, K., Wang, X., Wang, Y., Wang, Z., Webb, J. C., Weidenkaff, P. C., Westfall, G. D., Wielanek, D., Wieman, H., Wilks, G., Wissink, S. W., Witt, R., Wu, J., Wu, X., Xi, B., Xiao, Z. G., Xie, G., Xie, W., Xu, H., Xu, N., Xu, Q. H., Xu, Y., Xu, Z., Yan, G., Yan, Z., Yang, C., Yang, Q., Yang, S., Yang, Y., Ye, Z., Yi, L., Yip, K., Yu, Y., Zbroszczyk, H., Zha, W., Zhang, C., Zhang, D., Zhang, J., Zhang, S., Zhang, W., Zhang, X., Zhang, Y., Zhang, Z. J., Zhang, Z., Zhao, F., Zhao, J., Zhao, M., Zhou, J., Zhou, S., Zhou, Y., Zhu, X., Zurek, M., and Zyzak, M.
Subjects: Nuclear Experiment, High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract: At the origin of the Universe, asymmetry between the amount of created matter and antimatter led to the matter-dominated Universe as we know today. The origins of this asymmetry remain not completely understood yet. High-energy nuclear collisions create conditions similar to the Universe microseconds after the Big Bang, with comparable amounts of matter and antimatter. Much of the created antimatter escapes the rapidly expanding fireball without annihilating, making such collisions an effective experimental tool to create heavy antimatter nuclear objects and study their properties, hoping to shed some light on existing questions on the asymmetry between matter and antimatter. Here we report the first observation of the antimatter hypernucleus \hbox{$^4_{\bar{\Lambda}}\overline{\hbox{H}}$}, composed of a $\bar{\Lambda}$ , an antiproton and two antineutrons. The discovery was made through its two-body decay after production in ultrarelativistic heavy-ion collisions by the STAR experiment at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider. In total, 15.6 candidate \hbox{$^4_{\bar{\Lambda}}\overline{\hbox{H}}$} antimatter hypernuclei are obtained with an estimated background count of 6.4. The lifetimes of the antihypernuclei \hbox{$^3_{\bar{\Lambda}}\overline{\hbox{H}}$} and \hbox{$^4_{\bar{\Lambda}}\overline{\hbox{H}}$} are measured and compared with the lifetimes of their corresponding hypernuclei, testing the symmetry between matter and antimatter. Various production yield ratios among (anti)hypernuclei and (anti)nuclei are also measured and compared with theoretical model predictions, shedding light on their production mechanisms., Comment: 28 pages, 5 figures in the main paper; 16 pages, 5 figures in the methods part
Published: 2023
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6. Strangeness production in sNN = 3 GeV Au+Au collisions at RHIC

Author: Abdulhamid, M. I., Aboona, B. E., Adam, J., Adamczyk, L., Adams, J. R., Aggarwal, I., Aggarwal, M. M., Ahammed, Z., Aschenauer, E. C., Aslam, S., Atchison, J., Bairathi, V., Ball Cap, J. G., Barish, K., Bellwied, R., Bhagat, P., Bhasin, A., Bhatta, S., Bhosale, S. R., Bielcik, J., Bielcikova, J., Brandenburg, J. D., Broodo, C., Cai, X. Z., Caines, H., Calderón de la Barca Sánchez, M., Cebra, D., Ceska, J., Chakaberia, I., Chaloupka, P., Chan, B. K., Chang, Z., Chatterjee, A., Chen, D., Chen, J., Chen, J. H., Chen, Z., Cheng, J., Cheng, Y., Christie, W., Chu, X., Crawford, H. J., Csanád, M., Dale-Gau, G., Das, A., Deppner, I. M., Dhamija, A., Dixit, P., Dong, X., Drachenberg, J. L., Duckworth, E., Dunlop, J. C., Engelage, J., Eppley, G., Esumi, S., Evdokimov, O., Eyser, O., Fatemi, R., Fazio, S., Feng, C. J., Feng, Y., Finch, E., Fisyak, Y., Flor, F. A., Fu, C., Gagliardi, C. A., Galatyuk, T., Gao, T., Geurts, F., Ghimire, N., Gibson, A., Gopal, K., Gou, X., Grosnick, D., Gupta, A., Guryn, W., Hamed, A., Han, Y., Harabasz, S., Harasty, M. D., Harris, J. W., Harrison-Smith, H., He, W., He, X. H., He, Y., Herrmann, N., Holub, L., Hu, C., Hu, Q., Hu, Y., Huang, H., Huang, H. Z., Huang, S. L., Huang, T., Huang, Y., Huang, Y., Humanic, T. J., Isshiki, M., Jacobs, W. W., Jalotra, A., Jena, C., Jentsch, A., Ji, Y., Jia, J., Jin, C., Ju, X., Judd, E. G., Kabana, S., Kalinkin, D., Kang, K., Kapukchyan, D., Kauder, K., Keane, D., Khanal, A., Khyzhniak, Y. V., Kikoła, D. P., Kincses, D., Kisel, I., Kiselev, A., Knospe, A. G., Ko, H. S., Kołaś, J., Kosarzewski, L. K., Kumar, L., Labonte, M. C., Lacey, R., Landgraf, J. M., Lauret, J., Lebedev, A., Lee, J. H., Leung, Y. H., Li, C., Li, D., Li, H-S., Li, H., Li, W., Li, X., Li, Y., Li, Y., Li, Z., Liang, X., Liang, Y., Licenik, R., Lin, T., Lin, Y., Lisa, M. A., Liu, C., Liu, G., Liu, H., Liu, L., Liu, T., Liu, X., Liu, Y., Liu, Z., Ljubicic, T., Lomicky, O., Longacre, R. S., Loyd, E. M., Lu, T., Luo, J., Luo, X. F., Ma, L., Ma, R., Ma, Y. G., Magdy, N., Mallick, D., Manikandhan, R., Margetis, S., Markert, C., Matonoha, O., McNamara, G., Mezhanska, O., Mi, K., Mioduszewski, S., Mohanty, B., Mondal, B., Mondal, M. M., Mooney, I., Mrazkova, J., Nagy, M. I., Nain, A. S., Nam, J. D., Nasim, M., Neff, D., Nelson, J. M., Nie, M., Nigmatkulov, G., Niida, T., Nonaka, T., Odyniec, G., Ogawa, A., Oh, S., Okubo, K., Page, B. S., Pal, S., Pandav, A., Panday, A., Pandey, A. K., Pani, T., Paul, A., Pawlik, B., Pawlowska, D., Perkins, C., Pluta, J., Pokhrel, B. R., Posik, M., Protzman, T. L., Prozorova, V., Pruthi, N. K., Przybycien, M., Putschke, J., Qin, Z., Qiu, H., Racz, C., Radhakrishnan, S. K., Rana, A., Ray, R. L., Reed, R., Robertson, C. W., Robotkova, M., Rosales Aguilar, M. A., Roy, D., Roy Chowdhury, P., Ruan, L., Sahoo, A. K., Sahoo, N. R., Sako, H., Salur, S., Sato, S., Schaefer, B. C., Schmidke, W. B., Schmitz, N., Seck, F-J., Seger, J., Seto, R., Seyboth, P., Shah, N., Shanmuganathan, P. V., Shao, T., Sharma, M., Sharma, N., Sharma, R., Sharma, S. R., Sheikh, A. I., Shen, D., Shen, D. Y., Shen, K., Shi, S. S., Shi, Y., Shou, Q. Y., Si, F., Singh, J., Singha, S., Sinha, P., Skoby, M. J., Smirnov, N., Söhngen, Y., Song, Y., Srivastava, B., Stanislaus, T. D. S., Stefaniak, M., Stewart, D. J., Su, Y., Sumbera, M., Sun, C., Sun, X., Sun, Y., Sun, Y., Surrow, B., Svoboda, M., Sweger, Z. W., Tamis, A. C., Tang, A. H., Tang, Z., Tarnowsky, T., Thomas, J. H., Timmins, A. R., Tlusty, D., Todoroki, T., Trentalange, S., Tribedy, P., Tripathy, S. K., Truhlar, T., Trzeciak, B. A., Tsai, O. D., Tsang, C. Y., Tu, Z., Tyler, J., Ullrich, T., Underwood, D. G., Upsal, I., Van Buren, G., Vanek, J., Vassiliev, I., Verkest, V., Videbæk, F., Voloshin, S. A., Wang, G., Wang, J. S., Wang, J., Wang, K., Wang, X., Wang, Y., Wang, Y., Wang, Y., Wang, Z., Webb, J. C., Weidenkaff, P. C., Westfall, G. D., Wielanek, D., Wieman, H., Wilks, G., Wissink, S. W., Witt, R., Wu, J., Wu, J., Wu, X., Wu, X., Xi, B., Xiao, Z. G., Xie, G., Xie, W., Xu, H., Xu, N., Xu, Q. H., Xu, Y., Xu, Y., Xu, Z., Xu, Z., Yan, G., Yan, Z., Yang, C., Yang, Q., Yang, S., Yang, Y., Ye, Z., Ye, Z., Yi, L., Yu, Y., Zbroszczyk, H., Zha, W., Zhang, C., Zhang, D., Zhang, J., Zhang, S., Zhang, W., Zhang, X., Zhang, Y., Zhang, Y., Zhang, Y., Zhang, Y., Zhang, Z. J., Zhang, Z., Zhang, Z., Zhao, F., Zhao, J., Zhao, M., Zhou, S., Zhou, Y., Zhu, X., Zurek, M., and Zyzak, M.
Published: 2024
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7. Results on Elastic Cross Sections in Proton-Proton Collisions at $\sqrt{s} = 510$ GeV with the STAR Detector at RHIC

Author: STAR Collaboration, Abdulhamid, M. I., Aboona, B. E., Adam, J., Adamczyk, L., Adams, J. R., Aggarwal, I., Aggarwal, M. M., Ahammed, Z., Aschenauer, E. C., Aslam, S., Atchison, J., Bairathi, V., Cap, J. G. Ball, Barish, K., Bellwied, R., Bhagat, P., Bhasin, A., Bhatta, S., Bhosale, S. R., Bielcik, J., Bielcikova, J., Brandenburg, J. D., Broodo, C., Cai, X. Z., Caines, H., Sánchez, M. Calderón de la Barca, Cebra, D., Ceska, J., Chakaberia, I., Chaloupka, P., Chan, B. K., Chang, Z., Chatterjee, A., Chen, D., Chen, J., Chen, J. H., Chen, Z., Cheng, J., Cheng, Y., Choudhury, S., Christie, W., Chu, X., Crawford, H. J., Csanád, M., Dale-Gau, G., Das, A., Deppner, I. M., Dhamija, A., Dixit, P., Dong, X., Drachenberg, J. L., Duckworth, E., Dunlop, J. C., Engelage, J., Eppley, G., Esumi, S., Evdokimov, O., Eyser, O., Fatemi, R., Fazio, S., Feng, C. J., Feng, Y., Finch, E., Fisyak, Y., Flor, F. A., Fu, C., Gagliardi, C. A., Galatyuk, T., Gao, T., Geurts, F., Ghimire, N., Gibson, A., Gopal, K., Gou, X., Grosnick, D., Gupta, A., Guryn, W., Hamed, A., Han, Y., Harabasz, S., Harasty, M. D., Harris, J. W., Harrison-Smith, H., He, W., He, X. H., He, Y., Herrmann, N., Holub, L., Hu, C., Hu, Q., Hu, Y., Huang, H., Huang, H. Z., Huang, S. L., Huang, T., Huang, X., Huang, Y., Humanic, T. J., Isshiki, M., Jacobs, W. W., Jalotra, A., Jena, C., Jentsch, A., Ji, Y., Jia, J., Jin, C., Ju, X., Judd, E. G., Kabana, S., Kalinkin, D., Kang, K., Kapukchyan, D., Kauder, K., Keane, D., Khanal, A., Khyzhniak, Y. V., Kikoła, D. P., Kincses, D., Kisel, I., Kiselev, A., Knospe, A. G., Ko, H. S., Kosarzewski, L. K., Kumar, L., Labonte, M. C., Lacey, R., Landgraf, J. M., Lauret, J., Lebedev, A., Lee, J. H., Leung, Y. H., Lewis, N., Li, C., Li, D., Li, H-S., Li, H., Li, W., Li, X., Li, Y., Li, Z., Liang, X., Liang, Y., Licenik, R., Lin, T., Lin, Y., Lisa, M. A., Liu, C., Liu, G., Liu, H., Liu, L., Liu, T., Liu, X., Liu, Y., Liu, Z., Ljubicic, T., Lomicky, O., Longacre, R. S., Loyd, E. M., Lu, T., Luo, J., Luo, X. F., Ma, L., Ma, R., Ma, Y. G., Magdy, N., Mallick, D., Manikandhan, R., Margetis, S., Markert, C., Matis, H. S., McNamara, G., Mezhanska, O., Mi, K., Mioduszewski, S., Mohanty, B., Mondal, M. M., Mooney, I., Nagy, M. I., Nain, A. S., Nam, J. D., Nasim, M., Neff, D., Nelson, J. M., Nemes, D. B., Nie, M., Nigmatkulov, G., Niida, T., Nonaka, T., Odyniec, G., Ogawa, A., Oh, S., Okubo, K., Page, B. S., Pak, R., Pal, S., Pandav, A., Pani, T., Paul, A., Pawlik, B., Pawlowska, D., Perkins, C., Pluta, J., Pokhrel, B. R., Posik, M., Protzman, T., Prozorova, V., Pruthi, N. K., Przybycien, M., Putschke, J., Qin, Z., Qiu, H., Racz, C., Radhakrishnan, S. K., Rana, A., Ray, R. L., Reed, R., Ritter, H. G., Robertson, C. W., Robotkova, M., Aguilar, M. A. Rosales, Roy, D., Chowdhury, P. Roy, Ruan, L., Sahoo, A. K., Sahoo, N. R., Sako, H., Salur, S., Sato, S., Schaefer, B. C., Schmidke, W. B., Schmitz, N., Seck, F-J., Seger, J., Seto, R., Seyboth, P., Shah, N., Shanmuganathan, P. V., Shao, T., Sharma, M., Sharma, N., Sharma, R., Sharma, S. R., Sheikh, A. I., Shen, D., Shen, D. Y., Shen, K., Shi, S. S., Shi, Y., Shou, Q. Y., Si, F., Singh, J., Singha, S., Sinha, P., Skoby, M. J., Smirnov, N., Söhngen, Y., Song, Y., Srivastava, B., Stanislaus, T. D. S., Stefaniak, M., Stewart, D. J., Stringfellow, B., Su, Y., Suaide, A. A. P., Sumbera, M., Sun, C., Sun, X., Sun, Y., Surrow, B., Sweger, Z. W., Tamis, A. C., Tang, A. H., Tang, Z., Tarnowsky, T., Thomas, J. H., Timmins, A. R., Tlusty, D., Todoroki, T., Trentalange, S., Tribedy, P., Tripathy, S. K., Truhlar, T., Trzeciak, B. A., Tsai, O. D., Tsang, C. Y., Tu, Z., Tyler, J., Ullrich, T., Underwood, D. G., Upsal, I., Van Buren, G., Vanek, J., Vassiliev, I., Verkest, V., Videbæk, F., Voloshin, S. A., Wang, F., Wang, G., Wang, J. S., Wang, J., Wang, K., Wang, X., Wang, Y., Wang, Z., Webb, J. C., Weidenkaff, P. C., Westfall, G. D., Wielanek, D., Wieman, H., Wilks, G., Wissink, S. W., Witt, R., Wu, J., Wu, X., Xi, B., Xiao, Z. G., Xie, G., Xie, W., Xu, H., Xu, N., Xu, Q. H., Xu, Y., Xu, Z., Yan, G., Yan, Z., Yang, C., Yang, Q., Yang, S., Yang, Y., Ye, Z., Yi, L., Yip, K., Yu, Y., Zbroszczyk, H., Zha, W., Zhang, C., Zhang, D., Zhang, J., Zhang, S., Zhang, W., Zhang, X., Zhang, Y., Zhang, Z. J., Zhang, Z., Zhao, F., Zhao, J., Zhao, M., Zhou, J., Zhou, S., Zhou, Y., Zhu, X., Zurek, M., and Zyzak, M.
Subjects: High Energy Physics - Experiment, Nuclear Experiment
Abstract: We report results on an elastic cross section measurement in proton-proton collisions at a center-of-mass energy $\sqrt{s}=510$ GeV, obtained with the Roman Pot setup of the STAR experiment at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC). The elastic differential cross section is measured in the four-momentum transfer squared range $0.23 \leq -t \leq 0.67$ GeV$^2$. We find that a constant slope $B$ does not fit the data in the aforementioned $t$ range, and we obtain a much better fit using a second-order polynomial for $B(t)$. The $t$ dependence of $B$ is determined using six subintervals of $t$ in the STAR measured $t$ range, and is in good agreement with the phenomenological models. The measured elastic differential cross section $\mathrm{d}\sigma/\mathrm{dt}$ agrees well with the results obtained at $\sqrt{s} = 546$ GeV for proton--antiproton collisions by the UA4 experiment. We also determine that the integrated elastic cross section within the STAR $t$-range is $\sigma^\mathrm{fid}_\mathrm{el} = 462.1 \pm 0.9 (\mathrm{stat.}) \pm 1.1 (\mathrm {syst.}) \pm 11.6 (\mathrm {scale})$~$\mu\mathrm{b}$., Comment: 9 pages, 9 figures Version as published in Physics Letters B. HEPDATA: https://www.hepdata.net/record/144920
Published: 2023
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8. Longitudinal and transverse spin transfer to $\Lambda$ and $\overline{\Lambda}$ hyperons in polarized $p$+$p$ collisions at $\sqrt{s} = 200$ GeV

Author: STAR Collaboration, Abdulhamid, M. I., Aboona, B. E., Adam, J., Adamczyk, L., Adams, J. R., Aggarwal, I., Aggarwal, M. M., Ahammed, Z., Anderson, D. M., Aschenauer, E. C., Aslam, S., Atchison, J., Bairathi, V., Baker, W., Cap, J. G. Ball, Barish, K., Bellwied, R., Bhagat, P., Bhasin, A., Bhatta, S., Bielcik, J., Bielcikova, J., Brandenburg, J. D., Cai, X. Z., Caines, H., Sánchez, M. Calderón de la Barca, Cebra, D., Ceska, J., Chakaberia, I., Chaloupka, P., Chan, B. K., Chang, Z., Chatterjee, A., Chen, D., Chen, J., Chen, J. H., Chen, Z., Cheng, J., Cheng, Y., Choudhury, S., Christie, W., Chu, X., Crawford, H. J., Csanád, M., Dale-Gau, G., Das, A., Daugherity, M., Deppner, I. M., Dhamija, A., Di Carlo, L., Dixit, P., Dong, X., Drachenberg, J. L., Duckworth, E., Dunlop, J. C., Engelage, J., Eppley, G., Esumi, S., Evdokimov, O., Ewigleben, A., Eyser, O., Fatemi, R., Fazio, S., Feng, C. J., Feng, Y., Finch, E., Fisyak, Y., Flor, F. A., Fu, C., Gagliardi, C. A., Galatyuk, T., Gao, T., Geurts, F., Ghimire, N., Gibson, A., Gopal, K., Gou, X., Grosnick, D., Gupta, A., Guryn, W., Hamed, A., Han, Y., Harabasz, S., Harasty, M. D., Harris, J. W., Harrison-Smith, H., He, W., He, X. H., He, Y., Herrmann, N., Holub, L., Hu, C., Hu, Q., Hu, Y., Huang, H., Huang, H. Z., Huang, S. L., Huang, T., Huang, X., Huang, Y., Humanic, T. J., Isenhower, D., Isshiki, M., Jacobs, W. W., Jalotra, A., Jena, C., Jentsch, A., Ji, Y., Jia, J., Jin, C., Ju, X., Judd, E. G., Kabana, S., Kabir, M. L., Kagamaster, S., Kalinkin, D., Kang, K., Kapukchyan, D., Kauder, K., Keane, D., Kelsey, M., Khyzhniak, Y. V., Kikoła, D. P., Kimelman, B., Kincses, D., Kisel, I., Kiselev, A., Knospe, A. G., Ko, H. S., Kosarzewski, L. K., Kramarik, L., Kumar, L., Kumar, S., Elayavalli, R. Kunnawalkam, Lacey, R., Landgraf, J. M., Lauret, J., Lebedev, A., Lee, J. H., Leung, Y. H., Lewis, N., Li, C., Li, W., Li, X., Li, Y., Li, Z., Liang, X., Liang, Y., Licenik, R., Lin, T., Lisa, M. A., Liu, C., Liu, F., Liu, G., Liu, H., Liu, L., Liu, T., Liu, X., Liu, Y., Liu, Z., Ljubicic, T., Llope, W. J., Lomicky, O., Longacre, R. S., Loyd, E. M., Lu, T., Lukow, N. S., Luo, X. F., Ma, L., Ma, R., Ma, Y. G., Magdy, N., Mallick, D., Margetis, S., Markert, C., Matis, H. S., Mazer, J. A., McNamara, G., Mi, K., Mioduszewski, S., Mohanty, B., Mondal, M. M., Mooney, I., Mukherjee, A., Nagy, M. I., Nain, A. S., Nam, J. D., Nasim, M., Neff, D., Nelson, J. M., Nemes, D. B., Nie, M., Nigmatkulov, G., Niida, T., Nishitani, R., Nonaka, T., Odyniec, G., Ogawa, A., Oh, S., Okubo, K., Page, B. S., Pak, R., Pan, J., Pandav, A., Pandey, A. K., Pani, T., Paul, A., Pawlik, B., Pawlowska, D., Perkins, C., Pluta, J., Pokhrel, B. R., Posik, M., Protzman, T., Prozorova, V., Pruthi, N. K., Przybycien, M., Putschke, J., Qin, Z., Qiu, H., Quintero, A., Racz, C., Radhakrishnan, S. K., Raha, N., Rana, A., Ray, R. L., Reed, R., Ritter, H. G., Robertson, C. W., Robotkova, M., Aguilar, M. A. Rosales, Roy, D., Chowdhury, P. Roy, Ruan, L., Sahoo, A. K., Sahoo, N. R., Sako, H., Salur, S., Sato, S., Schmidke, W. B., Schmitz, N., Seck, F-J., Seger, J., Seto, R., Seyboth, P., Shah, N., Shanmuganathan, P. V., Shao, T., Sharma, M., Sharma, N., Sharma, R., Sharma, S. R., Sheikh, A. I., Shen, D., Shen, D. Y., Shen, K., Shi, S. S., Shi, Y., Shou, Q. Y., Si, F., Singh, J., Singha, S., Sinha, P., Skoby, M. J., Smirnov, N., Söhngen, Y., Song, Y., Srivastava, B., Stanislaus, T. D. S., Stefaniak, M., Stewart, D. J., Stringfellow, B., Su, Y., Suaide, A. A. P., Sumbera, M., Sun, C., Sun, X., Sun, Y., Surrow, B., Sweger, Z. W., Szymanski, P. R., Tamis, A., Tang, A. H., Tang, Z., Tarnowsky, T., Thomas, J. H., Timmins, A. R., Tlusty, D., Todoroki, T., Tomkiel, C. A., Trentalange, S., Tribble, R. E., Tribedy, P., Truhlar, T., Trzeciak, B. A., Tsai, O. D., Tsang, C. Y., Tu, Z., Tyler, J., Ullrich, T., Underwood, D. G., Upsal, I., Van Buren, G., Vanek, J., Vassiliev, I., Verkest, V., Videbæk, F., Voloshin, S. A., Wang, F., Wang, G., Wang, J. S., Wang, J., Wang, X., Wang, Y., Wang, Z., Webb, J. C., Weidenkaff, P. C., Westfall, G. D., Wielanek, D., Wieman, H., Wilks, G., Wissink, S. W., Witt, R., Wu, J., Wu, X., Wu, Y., Xi, B., Xiao, Z. G., Xie, G., Xie, W., Xu, H., Xu, N., Xu, Q. H., Xu, Y., Xu, Z., Yan, G., Yan, Z., Yang, C., Yang, Q., Yang, S., Yang, Y., Ye, Z., Yi, L., Yip, K., Yu, Y., Zbroszczyk, H., Zha, W., Zhang, C., Zhang, D., Zhang, J., Zhang, S., Zhang, W., Zhang, X., Zhang, Y., Zhang, Z. J., Zhang, Z., Zhao, F., Zhao, J., Zhao, M., Zhou, C., Zhou, J., Zhou, S., Zhou, Y., Zhu, X., Zurek, M., and Zyzak, M.
Subjects: High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract: The longitudinal and transverse spin transfers to $\Lambda$ ($\overline{\Lambda}$) hyperons in polarized proton-proton collisions are expected to be sensitive to the helicity and transversity distributions, respectively, of (anti-)strange quarks in the proton, and to the corresponding polarized fragmentation functions. We report improved measurements of the longitudinal spin transfer coefficient, $D_{LL}$, and the transverse spin transfer coefficient, $D_{TT}$, to $\Lambda$ and $\overline{\Lambda}$ in polarized proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s}$ = 200 GeV by the STAR experiment at RHIC. The data set includes longitudinally polarized proton-proton collisions with an integrated luminosity of 52 pb$^{-1}$, and transversely polarized proton-proton collisions with a similar integrated luminosity. Both data sets have about twice the statistics of previous results and cover a kinematic range of $|\eta_{\Lambda(\overline{\Lambda})}|$ $<$ 1.2 and transverse momentum $p_{T,{\Lambda(\overline{\Lambda})}}$ up to 8 GeV/$c$. We also report the first measurements of the hyperon spin transfer coefficients $D_{LL}$ and $D_{TT}$ as a function of the fractional jet momentum $z$ carried by the hyperon, which can provide more direct constraints on the polarized fragmentation functions.
Published: 2023
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9. Reaction plane correlated triangular flow in Au+Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}=3$ GeV

Author: STAR Collaboration, Abdulhamid, M. I., Aboona, B. E., Adam, J., Adamczyk, L., Adams, J. R., Aggarwal, I., Aggarwal, M. M., Ahammed, Z., Aschenauer, E. C., Aslam, S., Atchison, J., Bairathi, V., Cap, J. G. Ball, Barish, K., Bellwied, R., Bhagat, P., Bhasin, A., Bhatta, S., Bhosale, S. R., Bielcik, J., Bielcikova, J., Brandenburg, J. D., Broodo, C., Cai, X. Z., Caines, H., Sánchez, M. Calderón de la Barca, Cebra, D., Ceska, J., Chakaberia, I., Chaloupka, P., Chan, B. K., Chang, Z., Chatterjee, A., Chen, D., Chen, J., Chen, J. H., Chen, Z., Cheng, J., Cheng, Y., Choudhury, S., Christie, W., Chu, X., Crawford, H. J., Csanád, M., Dale-Gau, G., Das, A., Deppner, I. M., Dhamija, A., Dixit, P., Dong, X., Drachenberg, J. L., Duckworth, E., Dunlop, J. C., Engelage, J., Eppley, G., Esumi, S., Evdokimov, O., Eyser, O., Fatemi, R., Fazio, S., Feng, C. J., Feng, Y., Finch, E., Fisyak, Y., Flor, F. A., Fu, C., Gagliardi, C. A., Galatyuk, T., Gao, T., Geurts, F., Ghimire, N., Gibson, A., Gopal, K., Gou, X., Grosnick, D., Gupta, A., Guryn, W., Hamed, A., Han, Y., Harabasz, S., Harasty, M. D., Harris, J. W., Harrison-Smith, H., He, W., He, X. H., He, Y., Herrmann, N., Holub, L., Hu, C., Hu, Q., Hu, Y., Huang, H., Huang, H. Z., Huang, S. L., Huang, T., Huang, X., Huang, Y., Humanic, T. J., Isshiki, M., Jacobs, W. W., Jalotra, A., Jena, C., Jentsch, A., Ji, Y., Jia, J., Jin, C., Ju, X., Judd, E. G., Kabana, S., Kalinkin, D., Kang, K., Kapukchyan, D., Kauder, K., Keane, D., Khanal, A., Khyzhniak, Y. V., Kikoła, D. P., Kincses, D., Kisel, I., Kiselev, A., Knospe, A. G., Ko, H. S., Kosarzewski, L. K., Kumar, L., Labonte, M. C., Lacey, R., Landgraf, J. M., Lauret, J., Lebedev, A., Lee, J. H., Leung, Y. H., Lewis, N., Li, C., Li, D., Li, H-S., Li, H., Li, W., Li, X., Li, Y., Li, Z., Liang, X., Liang, Y., Licenik, R., Lin, T., Lin, Y., Lisa, M. A., Liu, C., Liu, G., Liu, H., Liu, L., Liu, T., Liu, X., Liu, Y., Liu, Z., Ljubicic, T., Lomicky, O., Longacre, R. S., Loyd, E. M., Lu, T., Luo, J., Luo, X. F., Ma, L., Ma, R., Ma, Y. G., Magdy, N., Mallick, D., Manikandhan, R., Margetis, S., Markert, C., Matis, H. S., McNamara, G., Mi, K., Mioduszewski, S., Mohanty, B., Mondal, M. M., Mooney, I., Nagy, M. I., Nain, A. S., Nam, J. D., Nasim, M., Neff, D., Nelson, J. M., Nemes, D. B., Nie, M., Nigmatkulov, G., Niida, T., Nonaka, T., Odyniec, G., Ogawa, A., Oh, S., Okubo, K., Page, B. S., Pak, R., Pandav, A., Pani, T., Paul, A., Pawlik, B., Pawlowska, D., Perkins, C., Pluta, J., Pokhrel, B. R., Posik, M., Protzman, T., Prozorova, V., Pruthi, N. K., Przybycien, M., Putschke, J., Qin, Z., Qiu, H., Racz, C., Radhakrishnan, S. K., Rana, A., Ray, R. L., Reed, R., Ritter, H. G., Robertson, C. W., Robotkova, M., Aguilar, M. A. Rosales, Roy, D., Chowdhury, P. Roy, Ruan, L., Sahoo, A. K., Sahoo, N. R., Sako, H., Salur, S., Sato, S., Schaefer, B. C., Schmidke, W. B., Schmitz, N., Seck, F-J., Seger, J., Seto, R., Seyboth, P., Shah, N., Shanmuganathan, P. V., Shao, T., Sharma, M., Sharma, N., Sharma, R., Sharma, S. R., Sheikh, A. I., Shen, D., Shen, D. Y., Shen, K., Shi, S. S., Shi, Y., Shou, Q. Y., Si, F., Singh, J., Singha, S., Sinha, P., Skoby, M. J., Smirnov, N., Söhngen, Y., Song, Y., Srivastava, B., Stanislaus, T. D. S., Stefaniak, M., Stewart, D. J., Stringfellow, B., Su, Y., Suaide, A. A. P., Sumbera, M., Sun, C., Sun, X., Sun, Y., Surrow, B., Sweger, Z. W., Tamis, A. C., Tang, A. H., Tang, Z., Tarnowsky, T., Thomas, J. H., Timmins, A. R., Tlusty, D., Todoroki, T., Trentalange, S., Tribedy, P., Tripathy, S. K., Truhlar, T., Trzeciak, B. A., Tsai, O. D., Tsang, C. Y., Tu, Z., Tyler, J., Ullrich, T., Underwood, D. G., Upsal, I., Van Buren, G., Vanek, J., Vassiliev, I., Verkest, V., Videbæk, F., Voloshin, S. A., Wang, F., Wang, G., Wang, J. S., Wang, J., Wang, K., Wang, X., Wang, Y., Wang, Z., Webb, J. C., Weidenkaff, P. C., Westfall, G. D., Wielanek, D., Wieman, H., Wilks, G., Wissink, S. W., Witt, R., Wu, J., Wu, X., Xi, B., Xiao, Z. G., Xie, G., Xie, W., Xu, H., Xu, N., Xu, Q. H., Xu, Y., Xu, Z., Yan, G., Yan, Z., Yang, C., Yang, Q., Yang, S., Yang, Y., Ye, Z., Yi, L., Yip, K., Yu, Y., Zbroszczyk, H., Zha, W., Zhang, C., Zhang, D., Zhang, J., Zhang, S., Zhang, W., Zhang, X., Zhang, Y., Zhang, Z. J., Zhang, Z., Zhao, F., Zhao, J., Zhao, M., Zhou, J., Zhou, S., Zhou, Y., Zhu, X., Zurek, M., and Zyzak, M.
Subjects: Nuclear Experiment
Abstract: We measure triangular flow relative to the reaction plane at 3 GeV center-of-mass energy in Au+Au collisions at the BNL Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider. A significant $v_3$ signal for protons is observed, which increases for higher rapidity, higher transverse momentum, and more peripheral collisions. The triangular flow is essentially rapidity-odd with a slope at mid-rapidity, $dv_3/dy|_{(y=0)}$, opposite in sign compared to the slope for directed flow. No significant $v_3$ signal is observed for charged pions and kaons. Comparisons with models suggest that a mean field potential is required to describe these results, and that the triangular shape of the participant nucleons is the result of stopping and nuclear geometry., Comment: 12 pages, 14 figures
Published: 2023
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10. Jet-hadron correlations with respect to the event plane in $\sqrt{s_{\mathrm{NN}}}$ = 200 GeV Au+Au collisions in STAR

Author: STAR Collaboration, Abdulhamid, M. I., Aboona, B. E., Adam, J., Adamczyk, L., Adams, J. R., Aggarwal, I., Aggarwal, M. M., Ahammed, Z., Aschenauer, E. C., Aslam, S., Atchison, J., Bairathi, V., Cap, J. G. Ball, Barish, K., Bellwied, R., Bhagat, P., Bhasin, A., Bhatta, S., Bhosale, S. R., Bielcik, J., Bielcikova, J., Brandenburg, J. D., Cai, X. Z., Caines, H., Sánchez, M. Calderón de la Barca, Cebra, D., Ceska, J., Chakaberia, I., Chaloupka, P., Chan, B. K., Chang, Z., Chatterjee, A., Chen, D., Chen, J., Chen, J. H., Chen, Z., Cheng, J., Cheng, Y., Choudhury, S., Christie, W., Chu, X., Crawford, H. J., Csanád, M., Dale-Gau, G., Das, A., Daugherity, M., Deppner, I. M., Dhamija, A., Dixit, P., Dong, X., Drachenberg, J. L., Duckworth, E., Dunlop, J. C., Engelage, J., Eppley, G., Esumi, S., Evdokimov, O., Eyser, O., Fatemi, R., Fazio, S., Feng, C. J., Feng, Y., Finch, E., Fisyak, Y., Flor, F. A., Fu, C., Gagliardi, C. A., Galatyuk, T., Gao, T., Geurts, F., Ghimire, N., Gibson, A., Gopal, K., Gou, X., Grosnick, D., Gupta, A., Guryn, W., Hamed, A., Han, Y., Harabasz, S., Harasty, M. D., Harris, J. W., Harrison-Smith, H., He, W., He, X. H., He, Y., Herrmann, N., Holub, L., Hu, C., Hu, Q., Hu, Y., Huang, H., Huang, H. Z., Huang, S. L., Huang, T., Huang, X., Huang, Y., Humanic, T. J., Isenhower, D., Isshiki, M., Jacobs, W. W., Jalotra, A., Jena, C., Jentsch, A., Ji, Y., Jia, J., Jin, C., Ju, X., Judd, E. G., Kabana, S., Kalinkin, D., Kang, K., Kapukchyan, D., Kauder, K., Keane, D., Khyzhniak, Y. V., Kikoła, D. P., Kincses, D., Kisel, I., Kiselev, A., Knospe, A. G., Ko, H. S., Kosarzewski, L. K., Kumar, L., Labonte, M. C., Lacey, R., Landgraf, J. M., Lauret, J., Lebedev, A., Lee, J. H., Leung, Y. H., Lewis, N., Li, C., Li, H-S., Li, W., Li, X., Li, Y., Li, Z., Liang, X., Liang, Y., Licenik, R., Lin, T., Lin, Y., Lisa, M. A., Liu, C., Liu, G., Liu, H., Liu, L., Liu, T., Liu, X., Liu, Y., Liu, Z., Ljubicic, T., Lomicky, O., Longacre, R. S., Loyd, E. M., Lu, T., Lukow, N. S., Luo, X. F., Ma, L., Ma, R., Ma, Y. G., Magdy, N., Mallick, D., Margetis, S., Markert, C., Matis, H. S., Mazer, J., McNamara, G., Mi, K., Mioduszewski, S., Mohanty, B., Mondal, M. M., Mooney, I., Nagy, M. I., Nain, A. S., Nam, J. D., Nasim, M., Neff, D., Nelson, J. M., Nemes, D. B., Nie, M., Nigmatkulov, G., Niida, T., Nonaka, T., Odyniec, G., Ogawa, A., Oh, S., Okubo, K., Page, B. S., Pak, R., Pandav, A., Pani, T., Paul, A., Pawlik, B., Pawlowska, D., Perkins, C., Pluta, J., Pokhrel, B. R., Posik, M., Protzman, T., Prozorova, V., Pruthi, N. K., Przybycien, M., Putschke, J., Qin, Z., Qiu, H., Quintero, A., Racz, C., Radhakrishnan, S. K., Rana, A., Ray, R. L., Reed, R., Ritter, H. G., Robertson, C. W., Robotkova, M., Aguilar, M. A. Rosales, Roy, D., Chowdhury, P. Roy, Ruan, L., Sahoo, A. K., Sahoo, N. R., Sako, H., Salur, S., Sato, S., Schaefer, B. C., Schmidke, W. B., Schmitz, N., Seck, F-J., Seger, J., Seto, R., Seyboth, P., Shah, N., Shanmuganathan, P. V., Shao, T., Sharma, M., Sharma, N., Sharma, R., Sharma, S. R., Sheikh, A. I., Shen, D., Shen, D. Y., Shen, K., Shi, S. S., Shi, Y., Shou, Q. Y., Si, F., Singh, J., Singha, S., Sinha, P., Skoby, M. J., Smirnov, N., Söhngen, Y., Song, Y., Srivastava, B., Stanislaus, T. D. S., Stefaniak, M., Stewart, D. J., Stringfellow, B., Su, Y., Suaide, A. A. P., Sumbera, M., Sun, C., Sun, X., Sun, Y., Surrow, B., Sweger, Z. W., Tamis, A. C., Tang, A. H., Tang, Z., Tarnowsky, T., Thomas, J. H., Timmins, A. R., Tlusty, D., Todoroki, T., Trentalange, S., Tribedy, P., Tripathy, S. K., Truhlar, T., Trzeciak, B. A., Tsai, O. D., Tsang, C. Y., Tu, Z., Tyler, J., Ullrich, T., Underwood, D. G., Upsal, I., Van Buren, G., Vanek, J., Vassiliev, I., Verkest, V., Videbæk, F., Voloshin, S. A., Wang, F., Wang, G., Wang, J. S., Wang, J., Wang, X., Wang, Y., Wang, Z., Webb, J. C., Weidenkaff, P. C., Westfall, G. D., Wielanek, D., Wieman, H., Wilks, G., Wissink, S. W., Witt, R., Wu, J., Wu, X., Xi, B., Xiao, Z. G., Xie, G., Xie, W., Xu, H., Xu, N., Xu, Q. H., Xu, Y., Xu, Z., Yan, G., Yan, Z., Yang, C., Yang, Q., Yang, S., Yang, Y., Ye, Z., Yi, L., Yip, K., Yu, Y., Zbroszczyk, H., Zha, W., Zhang, C., Zhang, D., Zhang, J., Zhang, S., Zhang, W., Zhang, X., Zhang, Y., Zhang, Z. J., Zhang, Z., Zhao, F., Zhao, J., Zhao, M., Zhou, C., Zhou, J., Zhou, S., Zhou, Y., Zhu, X., Zurek, M., and Zyzak, M.
Subjects: Nuclear Experiment, High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract: Angular distributions of charged particles relative to jet axes are studied in $\sqrt{s_{\mathrm{NN}}}$ = 200 GeV Au+Au collisions as a function of the jet orientation with respect to the event plane. This differential study tests the expected path-length dependence of energy loss experienced by a hard-scattered parton as it traverses the hot and dense medium formed in heavy-ion collisions. A second-order event plane is used in the analysis as an experimental estimate of the reaction plane formed by the collision impact parameter and the beam direction. Charged-particle jets with $15 < p_{\rm T, jet} <$ 20 and $20 < p_{\rm T, jet} <$ 40 GeV/$c$ were reconstructed with the anti-$k_{\rm T}$ algorithm with radius parameter setting of (R=0.4) in the 20-50\% centrality bin to maximize the initial-state eccentricity of the interaction region. The reaction plane fit method is implemented to remove the flow-modulated background with better precision than prior methods. Yields and widths of jet-associated charged-hadron distributions are extracted in three angular bins between the jet axis and the event plane. The event-plane (EP) dependence is further quantified by ratios of the associated yields in different EP bins. No dependence on orientation of the jet axis with respect to the event plane is seen within the uncertainties in the kinematic regime studied. This finding is consistent with a similar experimental observation by ALICE in $\sqrt{s_{\mathrm{NN}}}$ = 2.76 TeV Pb+Pb collision data.
Published: 2023

11. Collision-energy Dependence of Deuteron Cumulants and Proton-deuteron Correlations in Au+Au collisions at RHIC

Author: STAR Collaboration, Abdulhamid, M. I., Aboona, B. E., Adam, J., Adamczyk, L., Adams, J. R., Aggarwal, I., Aggarwal, M. M., Ahammed, Z., Aschenauer, E. C., Aslam, S., Atchison, J., Bairathi, V., Cap, J. G. Ball, Barish, K., Bellwied, R., Bhagat, P., Bhasin, A., Bhatta, S., Bhosale, S. R., Bielcik, J., Bielcikova, J., Brandenburg, J. D., Broodo, C., Cai, X. Z., Caines, H., Sánchez, M. Calderónde la Barca, Cebra, D., Ceska, J., Chakaberia, I., Chaloupka, P., Chan, B. K., Chang, Z., Chatterjee, A., Chen, D., Chen, J., Chen, J. H., Chen, Z., Cheng, J., Cheng, Y., Choudhury, S., Christie, W., Chu, X., Crawford, H. J., Csanád, M., Dale-Gau, G., Das, A., Deppner, I. M., Dhamija, A., Dixit, P., Dong, X., Drachenberg, J. L., Duckworth, E., Dunlop, J. C., Engelage, J., Eppley, G., Esumi, S., Evdokimov, O., Eyser, O., Fatemi, R., Fazio, S., Feng, C. J., Feng, Y., Finch, E., Fisyak, Y., Flor, F. A., Fu, C., Gagliardi, C. A., Galatyuk, T., Gao, T., Geurts, F., Ghimire, N., Gibson, A., Gopal, K., Gou, X., Grosnick, D., Gupta, A., Guryn, W., Hamed, A., Han, Y., Harabasz, S., Harasty, M. D., Harris, J. W., Harrison-Smith, H., He, W., He, X. H., He, Y., Herrmann, N., Holub, L., Hu, C., Hu, Q., Hu, Y., Huang, H., Huang, H. Z., Huang, S. L., Huang, T., Huang, X., Huang, Y., Humanic, T. J., Isshiki, M., Jacobs, W. W., Jalotra, A., Jena, C., Jentsch, A., Ji, Y., Jia, J., Jin, C., Ju, X., Judd, E. G., Kabana, S., Kalinkin, D., Kang, K., Kapukchyan, D., Kauder, K., Keane, D., Khanal, A., Khyzhniak, Y. V., Kikoła, D. P., Kincses, D., Kisel, I., Kiselev, A., Knospe, A. G., Ko, H. S., Kosarzewski, L. K., Kumar, L., Labonte, M. C., Lacey, R., Landgraf, J. M., Lauret, J., Lebedev, A., Lee, J. H., Leung, Y. H., Lewis, N., Li, C., Li, D., Li, H-S., Li, H., Li, W., Li, X., Li, Y., Li, Z., Liang, X., Liang, Y., Licenik, R., Lin, T., Lin, Y., Lisa, M. A., Liu, C., Liu, G., Liu, H., Liu, L., Liu, T., Liu, X., Liu, Y., Liu, Z., Ljubicic, T., Lomicky, O., Longacre, R. S., Loyd, E. M., Lu, T., Luo, J., Luo, X. F., Ma, L., Ma, R., Ma, Y. G., Magdy, N., Mallick, D., Manikandhan, R., Margetis, S., Markert, C., Matis, H. S., McNamara, G., Mezhanska, O., Mi, K., Mioduszewski, S., Mohanty, B., Mondal, M. M., Mooney, I., Nagy, M. I., Nain, A. S., Nam, J. D., Nasim, M., Neff, D., Nelson, J. M., Nemes, D. B., Nie, M., Nigmatkulov, G., Niida, T., Nonaka, T., Odyniec, G., Ogawa, A., Oh, S., Okubo, K., Page, B. S., Pak, R., Pal, S., Pandav, A., Pani, T., Paul, A., Pawlik, B., Pawlowska, D., Perkins, C., Pluta, J., Pokhrel, B. R., Posik, M., Protzman, T., Prozorova, V., Pruthi, N. K., Przybycien, M., Putschke, J., Qin, Z., Qiu, H., Racz, C., Radhakrishnan, S. K., Rana, A., Ray, R. L., Reed, R., Ritter, H. G., Robertson, C. W., Robotkova, M., Aguilar, M. A. Rosales, Roy, D., Chowdhury, P. Roy, Ruan, L., Sahoo, A. K., Sahoo, N. R., Sako, H., Salur, S., Sato, S., Schaefer, B. C., Schmidke, W. B., Schmitz, N., Seck, F-J., Seger, J., Seto, R., Seyboth, P., Shah, N., Shanmuganathan, P. V., Shao, T., Sharma, M., Sharma, N., Sharma, R., Sharma, S. R., Sheikh, A. I., Shen, D., Shen, D. Y., Shen, K., Shi, S. S., Shi, Y., Shou, Q. Y., Si, F., Singh, J., Singha, S., Sinha, P., Skoby, M. J., Smirnov, N., Söhngen, Y., Song, Y., Srivastava, B., Stanislaus, T. D. S., Stefaniak, M., Stewart, D. J., Stringfellow, B., Su, Y., Suaide, A. A. P., Sumbera, M., Sun, C., Sun, X., Sun, Y., Surrow, B., Sweger, Z. W., Tamis, A. C., Tang, A. H., Tang, Z., Tarnowsky, T., Thomas, J. H., Timmins, A. R., Tlusty, D., Todoroki, T., Trentalange, S., Tribedy, P., Tripathy, S. K., Truhlar, T., Trzeciak, B. A., Tsai, O. D., Tsang, C. Y., Tu, Z., Tyler, J., Ullrich, T., Underwood, D. G., Upsal, I., Van Buren, G., Vanek, J., Vassiliev, I., Verkest, V., Videbæk, F., Voloshin, S. A., Wang, F., Wang, G., Wang, J. S., Wang, J., Wang, K., Wang, X., Wang, Y., Wang, Z., Webb, J. C., Weidenkaff, P. C., Westfall, G. D., Wielanek, D., Wieman, H., Wilks, G., Wissink, S. W., Witt, R., Wu, J., Wu, X., Xi, B., Xiao, Z. G., Xie, G., Xie, W., Xu, H., Xu, N., Xu, Q. H., Xu, Y., Xu, Z., Yan, G., Yan, Z., Yang, C., Yang, Q., Yang, S., Yang, Y., Ye, Z., Yi, L., Yip, K., Yu, Y., Zbroszczyk, H., Zha, W., Zhang, C., Zhang, D., Zhang, J., Zhang, S., Zhang, W., Zhang, X., Zhang, Y., Zhang, Z. J., Zhang, Z., Zhao, F., Zhao, J., Zhao, M., Zhou, J., Zhou, S., Zhou, Y., Zhu, X., Zurek, M., and Zyzak, M.
Subjects: Nuclear Experiment
Abstract: We report the first measurements of cumulants, up to $4^{th}$ order, of deuteron number distributions and proton-deuteron correlations in Au+Au collisions recorded by the STAR experiment in phase-I of Beam Energy Scan (BES) program at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider. Deuteron cumulants, their ratios, and proton-deuteron mixed cumulants are presented for different collision centralities covering a range of center-of-mass energy per nucleon pair $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$~=~7.7 to 200~GeV. It is found that the cumulant ratios at lower collision energies favor a canonical ensemble over a grand canonical ensemble in thermal models. An anti-correlation between proton and deuteron multiplicity is observed across all collision energies and centralities, consistent with the expectation from global baryon number conservation. The UrQMD model coupled with a phase-space coalescence mechanism qualitatively reproduces the collision-energy dependence of cumulant ratios and proton-deuteron correlations., Comment: 10 pages, 4 figures; published in Physics Letters B
Published: 2023
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12. Measurement of electrons from open heavy-flavor hadron decays in Au+Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\rm NN}}=200$ GeV with the STAR detector

Author: STAR Collaboration, Abdulhamid, M. I., Aboona, B. E., Adam, J., Adamczyk, L., Adams, J. R., Aggarwal, I., Aggarwal, M. M., Ahammed, Z., Anderson, D. M., Aschenauer, E. C., Aslam, S., Atchison, J., Bairathi, V., Baker, W., Cap, J. G. Ball, Barish, K., Bellwied, R., Bhagat, P., Bhasin, A., Bhatta, S., Bielcik, J., Bielcikova, J., Brandenburg, J. D., Cai, X. Z., Caines, H., Sánchez, M. Calderón de la Barca, Cebra, D., Ceska, J., Chakaberia, I., Chaloupka, P., Chan, B. K., Chang, Z., Chatterjee, A., Chen, D., Chen, J., Chen, J. H., Chen, Z., Cheng, J., Cheng, Y., Choudhury, S., Christie, W., Chu, X., Crawford, H. J., Csanád, M., Dale-Gau, G., Das, A., Daugherity, M., Deppner, I. M., Dhamija, A., Di Carlo, L., Didenko, L., Dixit, P., Dong, X., Drachenberg, J. L., Duckworth, E., Dunlop, J. C., Engelage, J., Eppley, G., Esumi, S., Evdokimov, O., Ewigleben, A., Eyser, O., Fatemi, R., Fazio, S., Feng, C. J., Feng, Y., Finch, E., Fisyak, Y., Flor, F. A., Fu, C., Gagliardi, C. A., Galatyuk, T., Geurts, F., Ghimire, N., Gibson, A., Gopal, K., Gou, X., Grosnick, D., Gupta, A., Guryn, W., Hamed, A., Han, Y., Harabasz, S., Harasty, M. D., Harris, J. W., Harrison-Smith, H., He, W., He, X. H., He, Y., Herrmann, N., Holub, L., Hu, C., Hu, Q., Hu, Y., Huang, H., Huang, H. Z., Huang, S. L., Huang, T., Huang, X., Huang, Y., Humanic, T. J., Isenhower, D., Isshiki, M., Jacobs, W. W., Jalotra, A., Jena, C., Jentsch, A., Ji, Y., Jia, J., Jin, C., Ju, X., Judd, E. G., Kabana, S., Kabir, M. L., Kagamaster, S., Kalinkin, D., Kang, K., Kapukchyan, D., Keane, D., Kelsey, M., Khyzhniak, Y. V., Kikoła, D. P., Kimelman, B., Kincses, D., Kisel, I., Kiselev, A., Knospe, A. G., Ko, H. S., Kosarzewski, L. K., Kramarik, L., Kumar, L., Kumar, S., Elayavalli, R. Kunnawalkam, Lacey, R., Landgraf, J. M., Lauret, J., Lebedev, A., Lee, J. H., Leung, Y. H., Lewis, N., Li, C., Li, W., Li, X., Li, Y., Li, Z., Liang, X., Liang, Y., Licenik, R., Lin, T., Lisa, M. A., Liu, C., Liu, F., Liu, G., Liu, H., Liu, L., Liu, T., Liu, X., Liu, Y., Liu, Z., Ljubicic, T., Llope, W. J., Lomicky, O., Longacre, R. S., Loyd, E. M., Lu, T., Lukow, N. S., Luo, X. F., Ma, L., Ma, R., Ma, Y. G., Magdy, N., Mallick, D., Margetis, S., Markert, C., Matis, H. S., Mazer, J. A., McNamara, G., Mi, K., Mioduszewski, S., Mohanty, B., Mondal, M. M., Mooney, I., Mukherjee, A., Nagy, M. I., Nain, A. S., Nam, J. D., Nasim, M., Neff, D., Nelson, J. M., Nemes, D. B., Nie, M., Niida, T., Nishitani, R., Nonaka, T., Odyniec, G., Ogawa, A., Oh, S., Okubo, K., Page, B. S., Pak, R., Pan, J., Pandav, A., Pandey, A. K., Pani, T., Paul, A., Pawlik, B., Pawlowska, D., Perkins, C., Pluta, J., Pokhrel, B. R., Posik, M., Protzman, T., Prozorova, V., Pruthi, N. K., Przybycien, M., Putschke, J., Qin, Z., Qiu, H., Quintero, A., Racz, C., Radhakrishnan, S. K., Raha, N., Ray, R. L., Reed, R., Ritter, H. G., Robertson, C. W., Robotkova, M., Aguilar, M. A. Rosales, Roy, D., Chowdhury, P. Roy, Ruan, L., Sahoo, A. K., Sahoo, N. R., Sako, H., Salur, S., Sato, S., Schmidke, W. B., Schmitz, N., Seck, F-J., Seger, J., Seto, R., Seyboth, P., Shah, N., Shanmuganathan, P. V., Shao, T., Sharma, M., Sharma, N., Sharma, R., Sharma, S. R., Sheikh, A. I., Shen, D. Y., Shen, K., Shi, S. S., Shi, Y., Shou, Q. Y., Si, F., Singh, J., Singha, S., Sinha, P., Skoby, M. J., Smirnov, N., Söhngen, Y., Song, Y., Srivastava, B., Stanislaus, T. D. S., Stefaniak, M., Stewart, D. J., Stringfellow, B., Su, Y., Suaide, A. A. P., Sumbera, M., Sun, C., Sun, X., Sun, Y., Surrow, B., Sweger, Z. W., Szymanski, P., Tamis, A., Tang, A. H., Tang, Z., Tarnowsky, T., Thomas, J. H., Timmins, A. R., Tlusty, D., Todoroki, T., Tomkiel, C. A., Trentalange, S., Tribble, R. E., Tribedy, P., Truhlar, T., Trzeciak, B. A., Tsai, O. D., Tsang, C. Y., Tu, Z., Tyler, J., Ullrich, T., Underwood, D. G., Upsal, I., Van Buren, G., Vanek, J., Vassiliev, I., Verkest, V., Videbæk, F., Voloshin, S. A., Wang, F., Wang, G., Wang, J. S., Wang, X., Wang, Y., Wang, Z., Webb, J. C., Weidenkaff, P. C., Westfall, G. D., Wielanek, D., Wieman, H., Wilks, G., Wissink, S. W., Witt, R., Wu, J., Wu, X., Wu, Y., Xi, B., Xiao, Z. G., Xie, G., Xie, W., Xu, H., Xu, N., Xu, Q. H., Xu, Y., Xu, Z., Yan, G., Yan, Z., Yang, C., Yang, Q., Yang, S., Yang, Y., Ye, Z., Yi, L., Yip, K., Yu, Y., Zbroszczyk, H., Zha, W., Zhang, C., Zhang, D., Zhang, J., Zhang, S., Zhang, W., Zhang, X., Zhang, Y., Zhang, Z. J., Zhang, Z., Zhao, F., Zhao, J., Zhao, M., Zhou, C., Zhou, J., Zhou, S., Zhou, Y., Zhu, X., Zurek, M., and Zyzak, M.
Subjects: Nuclear Experiment
Abstract: We report a new measurement of the production of electrons from open heavy-flavor hadron decays (HFEs) at mid-rapidity ($|y|<$ 0.7) in Au+Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\rm NN}}=200$ GeV. Invariant yields of HFEs are measured for the transverse momentum range of $3.5 < p_{\rm T} < 9$ GeV/$c$ in various configurations of the collision geometry. The HFE yields in head-on Au+Au collisions are suppressed by approximately a factor of 2 compared to that in $p$+$p$ collisions scaled by the average number of binary collisions, indicating strong interactions between heavy quarks and the hot and dense medium created in heavy-ion collisions. Comparison of these results with models provides additional tests of theoretical calculations of heavy quark energy loss in the quark-gluon plasma.
Published: 2023
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13. Elliptic Flow of Heavy-Flavor Decay Electrons in Au+Au Collisions at $\sqrt{s_{_{\rm NN}}}$ = 27 and 54.4 GeV at RHIC

Author: STAR Collaboration, Abdulhamid, M. I., Aboona, B. E., Adam, J., Adamczyk, L., Adams, J. R., Aggarwal, I., Aggarwal, M. M., Ahammed, Z., Anderson, D. M., Aschenauer, E. C., Aslam, S., Atchison, J., Bairathi, V., Baker, W., Cap, J. G. Ball, Barish, K., Bellwied, R., Bhagat, P., Bhasin, A., Bhatta, S., Bielcik, J., Bielcikova, J., Brandenburg, J. D., Cai, X. Z., Caines, H., Calderón~de~la~Barca~Sánchez, M., Cebra, D., Ceska, J., Chakaberia, I., Chaloupka, P., Chan, B. K., Chang, Z., Chatterjee, A., Chen, D., Chen, J., Chen, J. H., Chen, Z., Cheng, J., Cheng, Y., Choudhury, S., Christie, W., Chu, X., Crawford, H. J., Csanád, M., Dale-Gau, G., Das, A., Daugherity, M., Deppner, I. M., Dhamija, A., Di Carlo, L., Didenko, L., Dixit, P., Dong, X., Drachenberg, J. L., Duckworth, E., Dunlop, J. C., Engelage, J., Eppley, G., Esumi, S., Evdokimov, O., Ewigleben, A., Eyser, O., Fatemi, R., Fazio, S., Feng, C. J., Feng, Y., Finch, E., Fisyak, Y., Flor, F. A., Fu, C., Gagliardi, C. A., Galatyuk, T., Geurts, F., Ghimire, N., Gibson, A., Gopal, K., Gou, X., Grosnick, D., Gupta, A., Guryn, W., Hamed, A., Han, Y., Harabasz, S., Harasty, M. D., Harris, J. W., Harrison-Smith, H., He, W., He, X. H., He, Y., Herrmann, N., Holub, L., Hu, C., Hu, Q., Hu, Y., Huang, H., Huang, H. Z., Huang, S. L., Huang, T., Huang, X., Huang, Y., Humanic, T. J., Isenhower, D., Isshiki, M., Jacobs, W. W., Jalotra, A., Jena, C., Jentsch, A., Ji, Y., Jia, J., Jin, C., Ju, X., Judd, E. G., Kabana, S., Kabir, M. L., Kagamaster, S., Kalinkin, D., Kang, K., Kapukchyan, D., Keane, D., Kelsey, M., Khyzhniak, Y. V., Kikoła, D. P., Kimelman, B., Kincses, D., Kisel, I., Kiselev, A., Knospe, A. G., Ko, H. S., Kosarzewski, L. K., Kramarik, L., Kumar, L., Kumar, S., Elayavalli, R. Kunnawalkam, Lacey, R., Landgraf, J. M., Lauret, J., Lebedev, A., Lee, J. H., Leung, Y. H., Lewis, N., Li, C., Li, W., Li, X., Li, Y., Li, Z., Liang, X., Liang, Y., Licenik, R., Lin, T., Lisa, M. A., Liu, C., Liu, F., Liu, G., Liu, H., Liu, L., Liu, T., Liu, X., Liu, Y., Liu, Z., Ljubicic, T., Llope, W. J., Lomicky, O., Longacre, R. S., Loyd, E. M., Lu, T., Lukow, N. S., Luo, X. F., Ma, L., Ma, R., Ma, Y. G., Magdy, N., Mallick, D., Margetis, S., Markert, C., Matis, H. S., Mazer, J. A., McNamara, G., Mi, K., Mioduszewski, S., Mohanty, B., Mondal, M. M., Mooney, I., Mukherjee, A., Nagy, M. I., Nain, A. S., Nam, J. D., Nasim, M., Neff, D., Nelson, J. M., Nemes, D. B., Nie, M., Niida, T., Nishitani, R., Nonaka, T., Odyniec, G., Ogawa, A., Oh, S., Okubo, K., Page, B. S., Pak, R., Pan, J., Pandav, A., Pandey, A. K., Pani, T., Paul, A., Pawlik, B., Pawlowska, D., Perkins, C., Pluta, J., Pokhrel, B. R., Posik, M., Protzman, T., Prozorova, V., Pruthi, N. K., Przybycien, M., Putschke, J., Qin, Z., Qiu, H., Quintero, A., Racz, C., Radhakrishnan, S. K., Raha, N., Ray, R. L., Reed, R., Ritter, H. G., Robertson, C. W., Robotkova, M., Aguilar, M. A. Rosales, Roy, D., Chowdhury, P. Roy, Ruan, L., Sahoo, A. K., Sahoo, N. R., Sako, H., Salur, S., Sato, S., Schmidke, W. B., Schmitz, N., Seck, F-J., Seger, J., Seto, R., Seyboth, P., Shah, N., Shanmuganathan, P. V., Shao, T., Sharma, M., Sharma, N., Sharma, R., Sharma, S. R., Sheikh, A. I., Shen, D. Y., Shen, K., Shi, S. S., Shi, Y., Shou, Q. Y., Si, F., Singh, J., Singha, S., Sinha, P., Skoby, M. J., Smirnov, N., Söhngen, Y., Song, Y., Srivastava, B., Stanislaus, T. D. S., Stefaniak, M., Stewart, D. J., Stringfellow, B., Su, Y., Suaide, A. A. P., Sumbera, M., Sun, C., Sun, X., Sun, Y., Surrow, B., Sweger, Z. W., Szymanski, P., Tamis, A., Tang, A. H., Tang, Z., Tarnowsky, T., Thomas, J. H., Timmins, A. R., Tlusty, D., Todoroki, T., Tomkiel, C. A., Trentalange, S., Tribble, R. E., Tribedy, P., Truhlar, T., Trzeciak, B. A., Tsai, O. D., Tsang, C. Y., Tu, Z., Tyler, J., Ullrich, T., Underwood, D. G., Upsal, I., Van Buren, G., Vanek, J., Vassiliev, I., Verkest, V., Videbæk, F., Voloshin, S. A., Wang, F., Wang, G., Wang, J. S., Wang, X., Wang, Y., Wang, Z., Webb, J. C., Weidenkaff, P. C., Westfall, G. D., Wielanek, D., Wieman, H., Wilks, G., Wissink, S. W., Witt, R., Wu, J., Wu, X., Wu, Y., Xi, B., Xiao, Z. G., Xie, G., Xie, W., Xu, H., Xu, N., Xu, Q. H., Xu, Y., Xu, Z., Yan, G., Yan, Z., Yang, C., Yang, Q., Yang, S., Yang, Y., Ye, Z., Yi, L., Yip, K., Yu, Y., Zbroszczyk, H., Zha, W., Zhang, C., Zhang, D., Zhang, J., Zhang, S., Zhang, W., Zhang, X., Zhang, Y., Zhang, Z. J., Zhang, Z., Zhao, F., Zhao, J., Zhao, M., Zhou, C., Zhou, J., Zhou, S., Zhou, Y., Zhu, X., Zurek, M., and Zyzak, M.
Subjects: Nuclear Experiment, High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract: We report on new measurements of elliptic flow ($v_2$) of electrons from heavy-flavor hadron decays at mid-rapidity ($|y|<0.8$) in Au+Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{_{\rm NN}}}$ = 27 and 54.4 GeV from the STAR experiment. Heavy-flavor decay electrons ($e^{\rm HF}$) in Au+Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{_{\rm NN}}}$ = 54.4 GeV exhibit a non-zero $v_2$ in the transverse momentum ($p_{\rm T}$) region of $p_{\rm T}<$ 2 GeV/$c$ with the magnitude comparable to that at $\sqrt{s_{_{\rm NN}}}=200$ GeV. The measured $e^{\rm HF}$ $v_2$ at 54.4 GeV is also consistent with the expectation of their parent charm hadron $v_2$ following number-of-constituent-quark scaling as other light and strange flavor hadrons at this energy. These suggest that charm quarks gain significant collectivity through the evolution of the QCD medium and may reach local thermal equilibrium in Au+Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{_{\rm NN}}}=54.4$ GeV. The measured $e^{\rm HF}$ $v_2$ in Au+Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{_{\rm NN}}}=$ 27 GeV is consistent with zero within large uncertainties. The energy dependence of $v_2$ for different flavor particles ($\pi,\phi,D^{0}/e^{\rm HF}$) shows an indication of quark mass hierarchy in reaching thermalization in high-energy nuclear collisions., Comment: 12 pages, 7 figures, 1 table
Published: 2023
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14. Energy Dependence of Intermittency for Charged Hadrons in Au+Au Collisions at RHIC

Author: STAR Collaboration, Abdulhamid, M. I., Aboona, B. E., Adam, J., Adamczyk, L., Adams, J. R., Aggarwal, I., Aggarwal, M. M., Ahammed, Z., Anderson, D. M., Aschenauer, E. C., Aslam, S., Atchison, J., Bairathi, V., Baker, W., Cap, J. G. Ball, Barish, K., Bellwied, R., Bhagat, P., Bhasin, A., Bhatta, S., Bielcik, J., Bielcikova, J., Brandenburg, J. D., Cai, X. Z., Caines, H., Sánchez, M. Calderón de la Barca, Cebra, D., Ceska, J., Chakaberia, I., Chaloupka, P., Chan, B. K., Chang, Z., Chatterjee, A., Chen, D., Chen, J., Chen, J. H., Chen, Z., Cheng, J., Cheng, Y., Choudhury, S., Christie, W., Chu, X., Crawford, H. J., Csanád, M., Dale-Gau, G., Das, A., Daugherity, M., Deppner, I. M., Dhamija, A., Di Carlo, L., Dixit, P., Dong, X., Drachenberg, J. L., Duckworth, E., Dunlop, J. C., Engelage, J., Eppley, G., Esumi, S., Evdokimov, O., Ewigleben, A., Eyser, O., Fatemi, R., Fazio, S., Feng, C. J., Feng, Y., Finch, E., Fisyak, Y., Flor, F. A., Fu, C., Gagliardi, C. A., Galatyuk, T., Gao, T., Geurts, F., Ghimire, N., Gibson, A., Gopal, K., Gou, X., Grosnick, D., Gupta, A., Guryn, W., Hamed, A., Han, Y., Harabasz, S., Harasty, M. D., Harris, J. W., Harrison-Smith, H., He, W., He, X. H., He, Y., Herrmann, N., Holub, L., Hu, C., Hu, Q., Hu, Y., Huang, H., Huang, H. Z., Huang, S. L., Huang, T., Huang, X., Huang, Y., Humanic, T. J., Isenhower, D., Isshiki, M., Jacobs, W. W., Jalotra, A., Jena, C., Jentsch, A., Ji, Y., Jia, J., Jin, C., Ju, X., Judd, E. G., Kabana, S., Kabir, M. L., Kagamaster, S., Kalinkin, D., Kang, K., Kapukchyan, D., Kauder, K., Keane, D., Kelsey, M., Khyzhniak, Y. V., Kikoła, D. P., Kimelman, B., Kincses, D., Kisel, I., Kiselev, A., Knospe, A. G., Ko, H. S., Kosarzewski, L. K., Kramarik, L., Kumar, L., Kumar, S., Elayavalli, R. Kunnawalkam, Lacey, R., Landgraf, J. M., Lauret, J., Lebedev, A., Lee, J. H., Leung, Y. H., Lewis, N., Li, C., Li, W., Li, X., Li, Y., Li, Z., Liang, X., Liang, Y., Licenik, R., Lin, T., Lin, Y., Lisa, M. A., Liu, C., Liu, F., Liu, G., Liu, H., Liu, L., Liu, T., Liu, X., Liu, Y., Liu, Z., Ljubicic, T., Llope, W. J., Lomicky, O., Longacre, R. S., Loyd, E. M., Lu, T., Lukow, N. S., Luo, X. F., Ma, L., Ma, R., Ma, Y. G., Magdy, N., Mallick, D., Margetis, S., Markert, C., Matis, H. S., Mazer, J. A., McNamara, G., Mi, K., Mioduszewski, S., Mohanty, B., Mondal, M. M., Mooney, I., Mukherjee, A., Nagy, M. I., Nain, A. S., Nam, J. D., Nasim, M., Neff, D., Nelson, J. M., Nemes, D. B., Nie, M., Nigmatkulov, G., Niida, T., Nishitani, R., Nonaka, T., Odyniec, G., Ogawa, A., Oh, S., Okubo, K., Page, B. S., Pak, R., Pan, J., Pandav, A., Pandey, A. K., Pani, T., Paul, A., Pawlik, B., Pawlowska, D., Perkins, C., Pluta, J., Pokhrel, B. R., Posik, M., Protzman, T., Prozorova, V., Pruthi, N. K., Przybycien, M., Putschke, J., Qin, Z., Qiu, H., Quintero, A., Racz, C., Radhakrishnan, S. K., Raha, N., Ray, R. L., Reed, R., Ritter, H. G., Robertson, C. W., Robotkova, M., Aguilar, M. A. Rosales, Roy, D., Chowdhury, P. Roy, Ruan, L., Sahoo, A. K., Sahoo, N. R., Sako, H., Salur, S., Sato, S., Schmidke, W. B., Schmitz, N., Seck, F-J., Seger, J., Seto, R., Seyboth, P., Shah, N., Shanmuganathan, P. V., Shao, T., Sharma, M., Sharma, N., Sharma, R., Sharma, S. R., Sheikh, A. I., Shen, D., Shen, D. Y., Shen, K., Shi, S. S., Shi, Y., Shou, Q. Y., Si, F., Singh, J., Singha, S., Sinha, P., Skoby, M. J., Smirnov, N., Söhngen, Y., Song, Y., Srivastava, B., Stanislaus, T. D. S., Stefaniak, M., Stewart, D. J., Stringfellow, B., Su, Y., Suaide, A. A. P., Sumbera, M., Sun, C., Sun, X., Sun, Y., Surrow, B., Sweger, Z. W., Szymanski, P., Tamis, A., Tang, A. H., Tang, Z., Tarnowsky, T., Thomas, J. H., Timmins, A. R., Tlusty, D., Todoroki, T., Tomkiel, C. A., Trentalange, S., Tribble, R. E., Tribedy, P., Truhlar, T., Trzeciak, B. A., Tsai, O. D., Tsang, C. Y., Tu, Z., Tyler, J., Ullrich, T., Underwood, D. G., Upsal, I., Van Buren, G., Vanek, J., Vassiliev, I., Verkest, V., Videbæk, F., Voloshin, S. A., Wang, F., Wang, G., Wang, J. S., Wang, J., Wang, X., Wang, Y., Wang, Z., Webb, J. C., Weidenkaff, P. C., Westfall, G. D., Wielanek, D., Wieman, H., Wilks, G., Wissink, S. W., Witt, R., Wu, J., Wu, X., Wu, Y., Xi, B., Xiao, Z. G., Xie, G., Xie, W., Xu, H., Xu, N., Xu, Q. H., Xu, Y., Xu, Z., Yan, G., Yan, Z., Yang, C., Yang, Q., Yang, S., Yang, Y., Ye, Z., Yi, L., Yip, K., Yu, Y., Zbroszczyk, H., Zha, W., Zhang, C., Zhang, D., Zhang, J., Zhang, S., Zhang, W., Zhang, X., Zhang, Y., Zhang, Z. J., Zhang, Z., Zhao, F., Zhao, J., Zhao, M., Zhou, C., Zhou, J., Zhou, S., Zhou, Y., Zhu, X., Zurek, M., and Zyzak, M.
Subjects: Nuclear Experiment
Abstract: Density fluctuations near the QCD critical point can be probed via an intermittency analysis in relativistic heavy-ion collisions. We report the first measurement of intermittency in Au$+$Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_\mathrm{_{NN}}}$ = 7.7-200 GeV measured by the STAR experiment at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC). The scaled factorial moments of identified charged hadrons are analyzed at mid-rapidity and within the transverse momentum phase space. We observe a power-law behavior of scaled factorial moments in Au$+$Au collisions and a decrease in the extracted scaling exponent ($\nu$) from peripheral to central collisions. The $\nu$ is consistent with a constant for different collisions energies in the mid-central (10-40\%) collisions. Moreover, the $\nu$ in the 0-5\% most central Au$+$Au collisions exhibits a non-monotonic energy dependence that reaches a possible minimum around $\sqrt{s_\mathrm{_{NN}}}$ = 27 GeV. The physics implications on the QCD phase structure are discussed., Comment: 8 pages, 4 figures. Published in Physics Letters B
Published: 2023
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15. $K^{*0}$ production in Au+Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\rm NN}}$ = 7.7, 11.5, 14.5, 19.6, 27 and 39 GeV from RHIC beam energy scan

Author: STAR Collaboration, Abdallah, M. S., Aboona, B. E., Adam, J., Adamczyk, L., Adams, J. R., Adkins, J. K., Aggarwal, I., Aggarwal, M. M., Ahammed, Z., Anderson, D. M., Aschenauer, E. C., Atchison, J., Bairathi, V., Baker, W., Cap, J. G. Ball, Barish, K., Bellwied, R., Bhagat, P., Bhasin, A., Bhatta, S., Bielcik, J., Bielcikova, J., Brandenburg, J. D., Cai, X. Z., Caines, H., Sánchez, M. Calderón de la Barca, Cebra, D., Chakaberia, I., Chaloupka, P., Chan, B. K., Chang, Z., Chatterjee, A., Chen, D., Chen, J., Chen, J. H., Chen, X., Chen, Z., Cheng, J., Cheng, Y., Choudhury, S., Christie, W., Chu, X., Crawford, H. J., Csanád, M., Dale-Gau, G., Daugherity, M., Deppner, I. M., Dhamija, A., Di Carlo, L., Didenko, L., Dixit, P., Dong, X., Drachenberg, J. L., Duckworth, E., Dunlop, J. C., Engelage, J., Eppley, G., Esumi, S., Evdokimov, O., Ewigleben, A., Eyser, O., Fatemi, R., Fawzi, F. M., Fazio, S., Feng, C. J., Feng, Y., Finch, E., Fisyak, Y., Fu, C., Gagliardi, C. A., Galatyuk, T., Geurts, F., Ghimire, N., Gibson, A., Gopal, K., Gou, X., Grosnick, D., Gupta, A., Guryn, W., Hamed, A., Han, Y., Harabasz, S., Harasty, M. D., Harris, J. W., Harrison, H., He, S., He, W., He, X. H., He, Y., Heppelmann, S., Herrmann, N., Hoffman, E., Holub, L., Hu, C., Hu, Q., Hu, Y., Huang, H., Huang, H. Z., Huang, S. L., Huang, T., Huang, X., Huang, Y., Humanic, T. J., Isenhower, D., Isshiki, M., Jacobs, W. W., Jena, C., Jentsch, A., Ji, Y., Jia, J., Jiang, K., Jin, C., Ju, X., Judd, E. G., Kabana, S., Kabir, M. L., Kagamaster, S., Kalinkin, D., Kang, K., Kapukchyan, D., Kauder, K., Ke, H. W., Keane, D., Kelsey, M., Khyzhniak, Y. V., Kikoła, D. P., Kimelman, B., Kincses, D., Kisel, I., Kiselev, A., Knospe, A. G., Ko, H. S., Kosarzewski, L. K., Kramarik, L., Kumar, L., Kumar, S., Elayavalli, R. Kunnawalkam, Kwasizur, J. H., Lacey, R., Lan, S., Landgraf, J. M., Lauret, J., Lebedev, A., Lee, J. H., Leung, Y. H., Lewis, N., Li, C., Li, W., Li, X., Li, Y., Li, Z., Liang, X., Liang, Y., Licenik, R., Lin, T., Lin, Y., Lisa, M. A., Liu, F., Liu, H., Liu, T., Liu, X., Liu, Y., Ljubicic, T., Llope, W. J., Longacre, R. S., Loyd, E., Lu, T., Lukow, N. S., Luo, X. F., Ma, L., Ma, R., Ma, Y. G., Magdy, N., Mallick, D., Margetis, S., Markert, C., Matis, H. S., Mazer, J. A., McNamara, G., Mioduszewski, S., Mohanty, B., Mondal, M. M., Mooney, I., Mukherjee, A., Nagy, M. I., Nain, A. S., Nam, J. D., Nasim, Md., Nayak, K., Neff, D., Nelson, J. M., Nemes, D. B., Nie, M., Niida, T., Nishitani, R., Nonaka, T., Nunes, A. S., Odyniec, G., Ogawa, A., Oh, S., Okubo, K., Page, B. S., Pak, R., Pan, J., Pandav, A., Pandey, A. K., Pani, T., Paul, A., Pawlik, B., Pawlowska, D., Perkins, C., Pluta, J., Pokhrel, B. R., Porter, J., Posik, M., Protzman, T., Prozorova, V., Pruthi, N. K., Przybycien, M., Putschke, J., Qin, Z., Qiu, H., Quintero, A., Racz, C., Radhakrishnan, S. K., Raha, N., Ray, R. L., Reed, R., Ritter, H. G., Robotkova, M., Romero, J. L., Roy, D., Chowdhury, P. Roy, Ruan, L., Sahoo, A. K., Sahoo, N. R., Sako, H., Salur, S., Sato, S., Schmidke, W. B., Schmitz, N., Seck, F-J., Seger, J., Seto, R., Seyboth, P., Shah, N., Shanmuganathan, P. V., Shao, M., Shao, T., Sharma, R., Sheikh, A. I., Shen, D. Y., Shen, K., Shi, S. S., Shi, Y., Shou, Q. Y., Sichtermann, E. P., Sikora, R., Singh, J., Singha, S., Sinha, P., Skoby, M. J., Smirnov, N., Söhngen, Y., Solyst, W., Song, Y., Srivastava, B., Stanislaus, T. D. S., Stefaniak, M., Stewart, D. J., Stringfellow, B., Suaide, A. A. P., Sumbera, M., Sun, C., Sun, X. M., Sun, X., Sun, Y., Surrow, B., Sweger, Z. W., Szymanski, P., Tang, A. H., Tang, Z., Tarnowsky, T., Thomas, J. H., Timmins, A. R., Tlusty, D., Todoroki, T., Tomkiel, C. A., Trentalange, S., Tribble, R. E., Tribedy, P., Tripathy, S. K., Truhlar, T., Trzeciak, B. A., Tsai, O. D., Tsang, C. Y., Tu, Z., Ullrich, T., Underwood, D. G., Upsal, I., Van Buren, G., Vanek, J., Vassiliev, I., Verkest, V., Videbæk, F., Voloshin, S. A., Wang, F., Wang, G., Wang, J. S., Wang, P., Wang, X., Wang, Y., Wang, Z., Webb, J. C., Weidenkaff, P. C., Westfall, G. D., Wielanek, D., Wieman, H., Wilks, G., Wissink, S. W., Witt, R., Wu, J., Wu, X., Wu, Y., Xi, B., Xiao, Z. G., Xie, G., Xie, W., Xu, H., Xu, N., Xu, Q. H., Xu, Y., Xu, Z., Yan, G., Yan, Z., Yang, C., Yang, Q., Yang, S., Yang, Y., Ye, Z., Yi, L., Yip, K., Yu, Y., Zbroszczyk, H., Zha, W., Zhang, C., Zhang, D., Zhang, J., Zhang, S., Zhang, Y., Zhang, Z. J., Zhang, Z., Zhao, F., Zhao, J., Zhao, M., Zhou, C., Zhou, J., Zhou, Y., Zhu, X., Zurek, M., and Zyzak, M.
Subjects: Nuclear Experiment
Abstract: We report the measurement of $K^{*0}$ meson at midrapidity ($|y|<$ 1.0) in Au+Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\rm NN}}$~=~7.7, 11.5, 14.5, 19.6, 27 and 39 GeV collected by the STAR experiment during the RHIC beam energy scan (BES) program. The transverse momentum spectra, yield, and average transverse momentum of $K^{*0}$ are presented as functions of collision centrality and beam energy. The $K^{*0}/K$ yield ratios are presented for different collision centrality intervals and beam energies. The $K^{*0}/K$ ratio in heavy-ion collisions are observed to be smaller than that in small system collisions (e+e and p+p). The $K^{*0}/K$ ratio follows a similar centrality dependence to that observed in previous RHIC and LHC measurements. The data favor the scenario of the dominance of hadronic re-scattering over regeneration for $K^{*0}$ production in the hadronic phase of the medium., Comment: 17 pages, 12 figures
Published: 2022
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16. Higher-Order Cumulants and Correlation Functions of Proton Multiplicity Distributions in $\sqrt{s_{\mathrm{NN}}}$ = 3 GeV Au+Au Collisions at the RHIC STAR Experiment

Author: STAR Collaboration, Abdallah, M. S., Aboona, B. E., Adam, J., Adamczyk, L., Adams, J. R., Adkins, J. K., Aggarwal, I., Aggarwal, M. M., Ahammed, Z., Anderson, D. M., Aschenauer, E. C., Atchison, J., Bairathi, V., Baker, W., Cap, J. G. Ball, Barish, K., Bellwied, R., Bhagat, P., Bhasin, A., Bhatta, S., Bielcik, J., Bielcikova, J., Brandenburg, J. D., Cai, X. Z., Caines, H., Calderón~de~la~Barca~Sánchez, M., Cebra, D., Chakaberia, I., Chaloupka, P., Chan, B. K., Chang, Z., Chatterjee, A., Chen, D., Chen, J., Chen, J. H., Chen, X., Chen, Z., Cheng, J., Cheng, Y., Choudhury, S., Christie, W., Chu, X., Crawford, H. J., Csanád, M., Daugherity, M., Deppner, I. M., Dhamija, A., Di Carlo, L., Didenko, L., Dixit, P., Dong, X., Drachenberg, J. L., Duckworth, E., Dunlop, J. C., Engelage, J., Eppley, G., Esumi, S., Evdokimov, O., Ewigleben, A., Eyser, O., Fatemi, R., Fawzi, F. M., Fazio, S., Feng, C. J., Feng, Y., Finch, E., Fisyak, Y., Francisco, A., Fu, C., Gagliardi, C. A., Galatyuk, T., Geurts, F., Ghimire, N., Gibson, A., Gopal, K., Gou, X., Grosnick, D., Gupta, A., Guryn, W., Hamed, A., Han, Y., Harabasz, S., Harasty, M. D., Harris, J. W., Harrison, H., He, S., He, W., He, X. H., He, Y., Heppelmann, S., Herrmann, N., Hoffman, E., Holub, L., Hu, C., Hu, Q., Hu, Y., Huang, H., Huang, H. Z., Huang, S. L., Huang, T., Huang, X., Huang, Y., Humanic, T. J., Isenhower, D., Isshiki, M., Jacobs, W. W., Jena, C., Jentsch, A., Ji, Y., Jia, J., Jiang, K., Jin, C., Ju, X., Judd, E. G., Kabana, S., Kabir, M. L., Kagamaster, S., Kalinkin, D., Kang, K., Kapukchyan, D., Kauder, K., Ke, H. W., Keane, D., Kelsey, M., Khyzhniak, Y. V., Kikoła, D. P., Kimelman, B., Kincses, D., Kisel, I., Kiselev, A., Knospe, A. G., Ko, H. S., Kosarzewski, L. K., Kramarik, L., Kumar, L., Kumar, S., Elayavalli, R. Kunnawalkam, Kwasizur, J. H., Lacey, R., Lan, S., Landgraf, J. M., Lauret, J., Lebedev, A., Lee, J. H., Leung, Y. H., Lewis, N., Li, C., Li, W., Li, X., Li, Y., Li, Z., Liang, X., Liang, Y., Licenik, R., Lin, T., Lin, Y., Lisa, M. A., Liu, F., Liu, H., Liu, T., Liu, X., Liu, Y., Ljubicic, T., Llope, W. J., Longacre, R. S., Loyd, E., Lu, T., Lukow, N. S., Luo, X. F., Ma, L., Ma, R., Ma, Y. G., Magdy, N., Mallick, D., Margetis, S., Markert, C., Matis, H. S., Mazer, J. A., McNamara, G., Mioduszewski, S., Mohanty, B., Mondal, M. M., Mooney, I., Mukherjee, A., Nagy, M. I., Nain, A. S., Nam, J. D., Nasim, Md., Nayak, K., Neff, D., Nelson, J. M., Nemes, D. B., Nie, M., Niida, T., Nishitani, R., Nonaka, T., Nunes, A. S., Odyniec, G., Ogawa, A., Oh, S., Okubo, K., Page, B. S., Pak, R., Pan, J., Pandav, A., Pandey, A. K., Pani, T., Paul, A., Pawlik, B., Pawlowska, D., Perkins, C., Pluta, J., Pokhrel, B. R., Porter, J., Posik, M., Protzman, T., Prozorova, V., Pruthi, N. K., Przybycien, M., Putschke, J., Qin, Z., Qiu, H., Quintero, A., Racz, C., Radhakrishnan, S. K., Raha, N., Ray, R. L., Reed, R., Ritter, H. G., Robotkova, M., Romero, J. L., Roy, D., Chowdhury, P. Roy, Ruan, L., Sahoo, A. K., Sahoo, N. R., Sako, H., Salur, S., Sato, S., Schmidke, W. B., Schmitz, N., Seck, F-J., Seger, J., Seto, R., Seyboth, P., Shah, N., Shanmuganathan, P. V., Shao, M., Shao, T., Sharma, R., Sheikh, A. I., Shen, D. Y., Shen, K., Shi, S. S., Shi, Y., Shou, Q. Y., Sichtermann, E. P., Sikora, R., Singh, J., Singha, S., Sinha, P., Skoby, M. J., Smirnov, N., Söhngen, Y., Solyst, W., Song, Y., Srivastava, B., Stanislaus, T. D. S., Stefaniak, M., Stewart, D. J., Stringfellow, B., Suaide, A. A. P., Sumbera, M., Sun, C., Sun, X. M., Sun, X., Sun, Y., Surrow, B., Sweger, Z. W., Szymanski, P., Tang, A. H., Tang, Z., Tarnowsky, T., Thomas, J. H., Timmins, A. R., Tlusty, D., Todoroki, T., Tomkiel, C. A., Trentalange, S., Tribble, R. E., Tribedy, P., Tripathy, S. K., Truhlar, T., Trzeciak, B. A., Tsai, O. D., Tsang, C. Y., Tu, Z., Ullrich, T., Underwood, D. G., Upsal, I., Van Buren, G., Vanek, J., Vassiliev, I., Verkest, V., Videbæk, F., Voloshin, S. A., Wang, F., Wang, G., Wang, J. S., Wang, P., Wang, X., Wang, Y., Wang, Z., Webb, J. C., Weidenkaff, P. C., Westfall, G. D., Wielanek, D., Wieman, H., Wissink, S. W., Witt, R., Wu, J., Wu, X., Wu, Y., Xi, B., Xiao, Z. G., Xie, G., Xie, W., Xu, H., Xu, N., Xu, Q. H., Xu, Y., Xu, Z., Yan, G., Yan, Z., Yang, C., Yang, Q., Yang, S., Yang, Y., Ye, Z., Yi, L., Yip, K., Yu, Y., Zbroszczyk, H., Zha, W., Zhang, C., Zhang, D., Zhang, J., Zhang, S., Zhang, Y., Zhang, Z. J., Zhang, Z., Zhao, F., Zhao, J., Zhao, M., Zhou, C., Zhou, J., Zhou, Y., Zhu, X., Zurek, M., and Zyzak, M.
Subjects: Nuclear Experiment, High Energy Physics - Experiment, High Energy Physics - Lattice, High Energy Physics - Phenomenology, Nuclear Theory
Abstract: We report a measurement of cumulants and correlation functions of event-by-event proton multiplicity distributions from fixed-target Au+Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\rm NN}}$ = 3 GeV measured by the STAR experiment. Protons are identified within the rapidity ($y$) and transverse momentum ($p_{\rm T}$) region $-0.9 < y<0$ and $0.4 < p_{\rm T} <2.0 $ GeV/$c$ in the center-of-mass frame. A systematic analysis of the proton cumulants and correlation functions up to sixth-order as well as the corresponding ratios as a function of the collision centrality, $p_{\rm T}$, and $y$ are presented. The effect of pileup and initial volume fluctuations on these observables and the respective corrections are discussed in detail. The results are compared to calculations from the hadronic transport UrQMD model as well as a hydrodynamic model. In the most central 5\% collisions, the value of proton cumulant ratio $C_4/C_2$ is negative, drastically different from the values observed in Au+Au collisions at higher energies. Compared to model calculations including Lattice QCD, a hadronic transport model, and a hydrodynamic model, the strong suppression in the ratio of $C_4/C_2$ at 3 GeV Au+Au collisions indicates an energy regime dominated by hadronic interactions., Comment: 25 pages, 20 figures, 4 tables
Published: 2022
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17. Search for the Chiral Magnetic Effect in Au+Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{_{\rm{NN}}}}=27$ GeV with the STAR forward Event Plane Detectors

Author: STAR Collaboration, Aboona, B. E., Adam, J., Adamczyk, L., Adams, J. R., Aggarwal, I., Aggarwal, M. M., Ahammed, Z., Anderson, D. M., Aschenauer, E. C., Atchison, J., Bairathi, V., Baker, W., Cap, J. G. Ball, Barish, K., Bellwied, R., Bhagat, P., Bhasin, A., Bhatta, S., Bielcik, J., Bielcikova, J., Brandenburg, J. D., Cai, X. Z., Caines, H., Sánchez, M. Calderón de la Barca, Cebra, D., Ceska, J., Chakaberia, I., Chaloupka, P., Chan, B. K., Chang, Z., Chen, D., Chen, J., Chen, J. H., Chen, Z., Cheng, J., Cheng, Y., Choudhury, S., Christie, W., Chu, X., Crawford, H. J., Csanád, M., Dale-Gau, G., Das, A., Daugherity, M., Deppner, I. M., Dhamija, A., Di Carlo, L., Didenko, L., Dixit, P., Dong, X., Drachenberg, J. L., Duckworth, E., Dunlop, J. C., Engelage, J., Eppley, G., Esumi, S., Evdokimov, O., Ewigleben, A., Eyser, O., Fatemi, R., Fazio, S., Feng, C. J., Feng, Y., Finch, E., Fisyak, Y., Flor, F. A., Fu, C., Gagliardi, C. A., Galatyuk, T., Geurts, F., Ghimire, N., Gibson, A., Gopal, K., Gou, X., Grosnick, D., Gupta, A., Guryn, W., Hamed, A., Han, Y., Harabasz, S., Harasty, M. D., Harris, J. W., Harrison, H., He, W., He, X. H., He, Y., Herrmann, N., Holub, L., Hu, C., Hu, Q., Hu, Y., Huang, H., Huang, H. Z., Huang, S. L., Huang, T., Huang, X., Huang, Y., Humanic, T. J., Isenhower, D., Isshiki, M., Jacobs, W. W., Jalotra, A., Jena, C., Jentsch, A., Ji, Y., Jia, J., Jin, C., Ju, X., Judd, E. G., Kabana, S., Kabir, M. L., Kagamaster, S., Kalinkin, D., Kang, K., Kapukchyan, D., Kauder, K., Ke, H. W., Keane, D., Kelsey, M., Khyzhniak, Y. V., Kikoła, D. P., Kimelman, B., Kincses, D., Kisel, I., Kiselev, A., Knospe, A. G., Ko, H. S., Kosarzewski, L. K., Kramarik, L., Kumar, L., Kumar, S., Elayavalli, R. Kunnawalkam, Lacey, R., Landgraf, J. M., Lauret, J., Lebedev, A., Lee, J. H., Leung, Y. H., Lewis, N., Li, C., Li, W., Li, X., Li, Y., Li, Z., Liang, X., Liang, Y., Licenik, R., Lin, T., Lisa, M. A., Liu, C., Liu, F., Liu, H., Liu, L., Liu, T., Liu, X., Liu, Y., Liu, Z., Ljubicic, T., Llope, W. J., Lomicky, O., Longacre, R. S., Loyd, E., Lu, T., Lukow, N. S., Luo, X. F., Ma, L., Ma, R., Ma, Y. G., Magdy, N., Mallick, D., Margetis, S., Markert, C., Matis, H. S., Mazer, J. A., McNamara, G., Mi, K., Mioduszewski, S., Mohanty, B., Mooney, I., Mukherjee, A., Nagy, M. I., Nain, A. S., Nam, J. D., Nasim, Md., Neff, D., Nelson, J. M., Nemes, D. B., Nie, M., Niida, T., Nishitani, R., Nonaka, T., Nunes, A. S., Odyniec, G., Ogawa, A., Oh, S., Okubo, K., Page, B. S., Pak, R., Pan, J., Pandav, A., Pandey, A. K., Pani, T., Paul, A., Pawlik, B., Pawlowska, D., Perkins, C., Pluta, J., Pokhrel, B. R., Posik, M., Protzman, T., Prozorova, V., Pruthi, N. K., Przybycien, M., Putschke, J., Qin, Z., Qiu, H., Quintero, A., Racz, C., Radhakrishnan, S. K., Raha, N., Ray, R. L., Reed, R., Ritter, H. G., Robertson, C. W., Robotkova, M., Aguilar, M. A. Rosales, Roy, D., Chowdhury, P. Roy, Ruan, L., Sahoo, A. K., Sahoo, N. R., Sako, H., Salur, S., Sato, S., Schmidke, W. B., Schmitz, N., Seck, F-J., Seger, J., Seto, R., Seyboth, P., Shah, N., Shanmuganathan, P. V., Shao, M., Shao, T., Sharma, M., Sharma, N., Sharma, R., Sharma, S. R., Sheikh, A. I., Shen, D. Y., Shen, K., Shi, S. S., Shi, Y., Shou, Q. Y., Si, F., Singh, J., Singha, S., Sinha, P., Skoby, M. J., Smirnov, N., Söhngen, Y., Song, Y., Srivastava, B., Stanislaus, T. D. S., Stefaniak, M., Stewart, D. J., Stringfellow, B., Su, Y., Suaide, A. A. P., Sumbera, M., Sun, C., Sun, X., Sun, Y., Surrow, B., Sweger, Z. W., Szymanski, P., Tamis, A., Tang, A. H., Tang, Z., Tarnowsky, T., Thomas, J. H., Timmins, A. R., Tlusty, D., Todoroki, T., Tomkiel, C. A., Trentalange, S., Tribble, R. E., Tribedy, P., Truhlar, T., Trzeciak, B. A., Tsai, O. D., Tsang, C. Y., Tu, Z., Ullrich, T., Underwood, D. G., Upsal, I., Van Buren, G., Vanek, J., Vassiliev, I., Verkest, V., Videbæk, F., Voloshin, S. A., Wang, F., Wang, G., Wang, J. S., Wang, X., Wang, Y., Wang, Z., Webb, J. C., Weidenkaff, P. C., Westfall, G. D., Wielanek, D., Wieman, H., Wilks, G., Wissink, S. W., Witt, R., Wu, J., Wu, X., Wu, Y., Xi, B., Xiao, Z. G., Xie, W., Xu, H., Xu, N., Xu, Q. H., Xu, Y., Xu, Z., Yan, G., Yan, Z., Yang, C., Yang, Q., Yang, S., Yang, Y., Ye, Z., Yi, L., Yip, K., Yu, Y., Zbroszczyk, H., Zha, W., Zhang, C., Zhang, D., Zhang, J., Zhang, S., Zhang, X., Zhang, Y., Zhang, Z. J., Zhang, Z., Zhao, F., Zhao, J., Zhao, M., Zhou, C., Zhou, J., Zhou, S., Zhou, Y., Zhu, X., Zurek, M., and Zyzak, M.
Subjects: Nuclear Experiment, High Energy Physics - Phenomenology, Nuclear Theory
Abstract: A decisive experimental test of the Chiral Magnetic Effect (CME) is considered one of the major scientific goals at the Relativistic Heavy-Ion Collider (RHIC) towards understanding the nontrivial topological fluctuations of the Quantum Chromodynamics vacuum. In heavy-ion collisions, the CME is expected to result in a charge separation phenomenon across the reaction plane, whose strength could be strongly energy dependent. The previous CME searches have been focused on top RHIC energy collisions. In this Letter, we present a low energy search for the CME in Au+Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{_{\rm{NN}}}}=27$ GeV. We measure elliptic flow scaled charge-dependent correlators relative to the event planes that are defined at both mid-rapidity $|\eta|<1.0$ and at forward rapidity $2.1 < |\eta|<5.1$. We compare the results based on the directed flow plane ($\Psi_1$) at forward rapidity and the elliptic flow plane ($\Psi_2$) at both central and forward rapidity. The CME scenario is expected to result in a larger correlation relative to $\Psi_1$ than to $\Psi_2$, while a flow driven background scenario would lead to a consistent result for both event planes. In 10-50\% centrality, results using three different event planes are found to be consistent within experimental uncertainties, suggesting a flow driven background scenario dominating the measurement. We obtain an upper limit on the deviation from a flow driven background scenario at the 95\% confidence level. This work opens up a possible road map towards future CME search with the high statistics data from the RHIC Beam Energy Scan Phase-II., Comment: main: 16 pages, 5 figures; supplementary material: 2 pages, 1 figure
Published: 2022
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18. Beam Energy Dependence of Fifth and Sixth-Order Net-proton Number Fluctuations in Au+Au Collisions at RHIC

Author: STAR Collaboration, Aboona, B. E., Adam, J., Adamczyk, L., Adams, J. R., Aggarwal, I., Aggarwal, M. M., Ahammed, Z., Anderson, D. M., Aschenauer, E. C., Atchison, J., Bairathi, V., Baker, W., Cap, J. G. Ball, Barish, K., Bellwied, R., Bhagat, P., Bhasin, A., Bhatta, S., Bielcik, J., Bielcikova, J., Brandenburg, J. D., Cai, X. Z., Caines, H., Sánchez, M. Calderón de la Barca, Cebra, D., Ceska, J., Chakaberia, I., Chaloupka, P., Chan, B. K., Chang, Z., Chen, D., Chen, J., Chen, J. H., Chen, Z., Cheng, J., Cheng, Y., Choudhury, S., Christie, W., Chu, X., Crawford, H. J., Csanád, M., Dale-Gau, G., Das, A., Daugherity, M., Deppner, I. M., Dhamija, A., Di Carlo, L., Didenko, L., Dixit, P., Dong, X., Drachenberg, J. L., Duckworth, E., Dunlop, J. C., Engelage, J., Eppley, G., Esumi, S., Evdokimov, O., Ewigleben, A., Eyser, O., Fatemi, R., Fazio, S., Feng, C. J., Feng, Y., Finch, E., Fisyak, Y., Flor, F. A., Fu, C., Gagliardi, C. A., Galatyuk, T., Geurts, F., Ghimire, N., Gibson, A., Gopal, K., Gou, X., Grosnick, D., Gupta, A., Guryn, W., Hamed, A., Han, Y., Harabasz, S., Harasty, M. D., Harris, J. W., Harrison, H., He, W., He, X. H., He, Y., Heppelmann, S., Herrmann, N., Holub, L., Hu, C., Hu, Q., Hu, Y., Huang, H., Huang, H. Z., Huang, S. L., Huang, T., Huang, X., Huang, Y., Humanic, T. J., Isenhower, D., Isshiki, M., Jacobs, W. W., Jalotra, A., Jena, C., Jentsch, A., Ji, Y., Jia, J., Jin, C., Ju, X., Judd, E. G., Kabana, S., Kabir, M. L., Kagamaster, S., Kalinkin, D., Kang, K., Kapukchyan, D., Kauder, K., Ke, H. W., Keane, D., Kelsey, M., Khyzhniak, Y. V., Kikoła, D. P., Kimelman, B., Kincses, D., Kisel, I., Kiselev, A., Knospe, A. G., Ko, H. S., Kosarzewski, L. K., Kramarik, L., Kumar, L., Kumar, S., Elayavalli, R. Kunnawalkam, Lacey, R., Landgraf, J. M., Lauret, J., Lebedev, A., Lee, J. H., Leung, Y. H., Lewis, N., Li, C., Li, W., Li, X., Li, Y., Li, Z., Liang, X., Liang, Y., Licenik, R., Lin, T., Lisa, M. A., Liu, C., Liu, F., Liu, H., Liu, L., Liu, T., Liu, X., Liu, Y., Liu, Z., Ljubicic, T., Llope, W. J., Lomicky, O., Longacre, R. S., Loyd, E., Lu, T., Lukow, N. S., Luo, X. F., Ma, L., Ma, R., Ma, Y. G., Magdy, N., Mallick, D., Margetis, S., Markert, C., Matis, H. S., Mazer, J. A., McNamara, G., Mi, K., Mioduszewski, S., Mohanty, B., Mooney, I., Mukherjee, A., Nagy, M. I., Nain, A. S., Nam, J. D., Nasim, Md., Neff, D., Nelson, J. M., Nemes, D. B., Nie, M., Niida, T., Nishitani, R., Nonaka, T., Nunes, A. S., Odyniec, G., Ogawa, A., Oh, S., Okubo, K., Page, B. S., Pak, R., Pan, J., Pandav, A., Pandey, A. K., Pani, T., Paul, A., Pawlik, B., Pawlowska, D., Perkins, C., Pluta, J., Pokhrel, B. R., Posik, M., Protzman, T., Prozorova, V., Pruthi, N. K., Przybycien, M., Putschke, J., Qin, Z., Qiu, H., Quintero, A., Racz, C., Radhakrishnan, S. K., Raha, N., Ray, R. L., Reed, R., Ritter, H. G., Robertson, C. W., Robotkova, M., Romero, J. L., Aguilar, M. A. Rosales, Roy, D., Chowdhury, P. Roy, Ruan, L., Sahoo, A. K., Sahoo, N. R., Sako, H., Salur, S., Sato, S., Schmidke, W. B., Schmitz, N., Seck, F-J., Seger, J., Seto, R., Seyboth, P., Shah, N., Shanmuganathan, P. V., Shao, M., Shao, T., Sharma, M., Sharma, N., Sharma, R., Sharma, S. R., Sheikh, A. I., Shen, D. Y., Shen, K., Shi, S. S., Shi, Y., Shou, Q. Y., Si, F., Singh, J., Singha, S., Sinha, P., Skoby, M. J., Smirnov, N., Söhngen, Y., Song, Y., Srivastava, B., Stanislaus, T. D. S., Stefaniak, M., Stewart, D. J., Stringfellow, B., Su, Y., Suaide, A. A. P., Sumbera, M., Sun, C., Sun, X., Sun, Y., Surrow, B., Sweger, Z. W., Szymanski, P., Tamis, A., Tang, A. H., Tang, Z., Tarnowsky, T., Thomas, J. H., Timmins, A. R., Tlusty, D., Todoroki, T., Tomkiel, C. A., Trentalange, S., Tribble, R. E., Tribedy, P., Truhlar, T., Trzeciak, B. A., Tsai, O. D., Tsang, C. Y., Tu, Z., Ullrich, T., Underwood, D. G., Upsal, I., Van Buren, G., Vanek, J., Vassiliev, I., Verkest, V., Videbæk, F., Voloshin, S. A., Wang, F., Wang, G., Wang, J. S., Wang, X., Wang, Y., Wang, Z., Webb, J. C., Weidenkaff, P. C., Westfall, G. D., Wielanek, D., Wieman, H., Wilks, G., Wissink, S. W., Witt, R., Wu, J., Wu, X., Wu, Y., Xi, B., Xiao, Z. G., Xie, W., Xu, H., Xu, N., Xu, Q. H., Xu, Y., Xu, Z., Yan, G., Yan, Z., Yang, C., Yang, Q., Yang, S., Yang, Y., Ye, Z., Yi, L., Yip, K., Yu, Y., Zbroszczyk, H., Zha, W., Zhang, C., Zhang, D., Zhang, J., Zhang, S., Zhang, X., Zhang, Y., Zhang, Z. J., Zhang, Z., Zhao, F., Zhao, J., Zhao, M., Zhou, C., Zhou, J., Zhou, S., Zhou, Y., Zhu, X., Zurek, M., and Zyzak, M.
Subjects: Nuclear Experiment
Abstract: We report the beam energy and collision centrality dependence of fifth and sixth order cumulants ($C_{5}$, $C_{6}$) and factorial cumulants ($\kappa_{5}$, $\kappa_{6}$) of net-proton and proton distributions, from $\sqrt{s_{NN}} = 3 - 200$ GeV Au+Au collisions at RHIC. The net-proton cumulant ratios generally follow the hierarchy expected from QCD thermodynamics, except for the case of collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 3 GeV. $C_{6}/C_{2}$ for 0-40\% centrality collisions is increasingly negative with decreasing $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$, while it is positive for the lowest $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ studied. These observed negative signs are consistent with QCD calculations (at baryon chemical potential, $\mu_{B} \leq$ 110 MeV) that include a crossover quark-hadron transition. In addition, for $\sqrt{s_{NN}} \geq$ 11.5 GeV, the measured proton $\kappa_{n}$, within uncertainties, does not support the two-component shape of proton distributions that would be expected from a first-order phase transition. Taken in combination, the hyper-order proton number fluctuations suggest that the structure of QCD matter at high baryon density, $\mu_{B}\sim 750$ MeV ($\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 3 GeV) is starkly different from those at vanishing $\mu_{B}\sim 20$MeV ($\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 200 GeV and higher)., Comment: 10 pages, 8 figures
Published: 2022

19. Measurement of sequential $\Upsilon$ suppression in Au+Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{_\mathrm{NN}}}$ = 200 GeV with the STAR experiment

Author: STAR Collaboration, Aboona, B. E., Adam, J., Adamczyk, L., Adams, J. R., Aggarwal, I., Aggarwal, M. M., Ahammed, Z., Anderson, D. M., Aschenauer, E. C., Atchison, J., Bairathi, V., Baker, W., Cap, J. G. Ball, Barish, K., Bellwied, R., Bhagat, P., Bhasin, A., Bhatta, S., Bielcik, J., Bielcikova, J., Brandenburg, J. D., Cai, X. Z., Caines, H., Sánchez, M. Calderón de la Barca, Cebra, D., Ceska, J., Chakaberia, I., Chaloupka, P., Chan, B. K., Chang, Z., Chen, D., Chen, J., Chen, J. H., Chen, Z., Cheng, J., Cheng, Y., Choudhury, S., Christie, W., Chu, X., Crawford, H. J., Csanád, M., Dale-Gau, G., Das, A., Daugherity, M., Deppner, I. M., Dhamija, A., Di Carlo, L., Didenko, L., Dixit, P., Dong, X., Drachenberg, J. L., Duckworth, E., Dunlop, J. C., Engelage, J., Eppley, G., Esumi, S., Evdokimov, O., Ewigleben, A., Eyser, O., Fatemi, R., Fazio, S., Feng, C. J., Feng, Y., Finch, E., Fisyak, Y., Flor, F. A., Fu, C., Gagliardi, C. A., Galatyuk, T., Geurts, F., Ghimire, N., Gibson, A., Gopal, K., Gou, X., Grosnick, D., Gupta, A., Guryn, W., Hamed, A., Han, Y., Harabasz, S., Harasty, M. D., Harris, J. W., Harrison, H., He, W., He, X. H., He, Y., Heppelmann, S., Herrmann, N., Holub, L., Hu, C., Hu, Q., Hu, Y., Huang, H., Huang, H. Z., Huang, S. L., Huang, T., Huang, X., Huang, Y., Humanic, T. J., Isenhower, D., Isshiki, M., Jacobs, W. W., Jalotra, A., Jena, C., Jentsch, A., Ji, Y., Jia, J., Jin, C., Ju, X., Judd, E. G., Kabana, S., Kabir, M. L., Kagamaster, S., Kalinkin, D., Kang, K., Kapukchyan, D., Kauder, K., Ke, H. W., Keane, D., Kelsey, M., Khyzhniak, Y. V., Kikoła, D. P., Kimelman, B., Kincses, D., Kisel, I., Kiselev, A., Knospe, A. G., Ko, H. S., Kosarzewski, L. K., Kramarik, L., Kumar, L., Kumar, S., Elayavalli, R. Kunnawalkam, Lacey, R., Landgraf, J. M., Lauret, J., Lebedev, A., Lee, J. H., Leung, Y. H., Lewis, N., Li, C., Li, W., Li, X., Li, Y., Li, Z., Liang, X., Liang, Y., Licenik, R., Lin, T., Lisa, M. A., Liu, C., Liu, F., Liu, H., Liu, L., Liu, T., Liu, X., Liu, Y., Liu, Z., Ljubicic, T., Llope, W. J., Lomicky, O., Longacre, R. S., Loyd, E., Lu, T., Lukow, N. S., Luo, X. F., Ma, L., Ma, R., Ma, Y. G., Magdy, N., Mallick, D., Margetis, S., Markert, C., Matis, H. S., Mazer, J. A., McNamara, G., Mi, K., Mioduszewski, S., Mohanty, B., Mooney, I., Mukherjee, A., Nagy, M. I., Nain, A. S., Nam, J. D., Nasim, Md., Neff, D., Nelson, J. M., Nemes, D. B., Nie, M., Niida, T., Nishitani, R., Nonaka, T., Nunes, A. S., Odyniec, G., Ogawa, A., Oh, S., Okubo, K., Page, B. S., Pak, R., Pan, J., Pandav, A., Pandey, A. K., Pani, T., Paul, A., Pawlik, B., Pawlowska, D., Perkins, C., Pluta, J., Pokhrel, B. R., Posik, M., Protzman, T., Prozorova, V., Pruthi, N. K., Przybycien, M., Putschke, J., Qin, Z., Qiu, H., Quintero, A., Racz, C., Radhakrishnan, S. K., Raha, N., Ray, R. L., Reed, R., Ritter, H. G., Robertson, C. W., Robotkova, M., Romero, J. L., Aguilar, M. A. Rosales, Roy, D., Chowdhury, P. Roy, Ruan, L., Sahoo, A. K., Sahoo, N. R., Sako, H., Salur, S., Sato, S., Schmidke, W. B., Schmitz, N., Seck, F-J., Seger, J., Seto, R., Seyboth, P., Shah, N., Shanmuganathan, P. V., Shao, M., Shao, T., Sharma, M., Sharma, N., Sharma, R., Sharma, S. R., Sheikh, A. I., Shen, D. Y., Shen, K., Shi, S. S., Shi, Y., Shou, Q. Y., Si, F., Singh, J., Singha, S., Sinha, P., Skoby, M. J., Smirnov, N., Söhngen, Y., Song, Y., Srivastava, B., Stanislaus, T. D. S., Stefaniak, M., Stewart, D. J., Stringfellow, B., Su, Y., Suaide, A. A. P., Sumbera, M., Sun, C., Sun, X., Sun, Y., Surrow, B., Sweger, Z. W., Szymanski, P., Tamis, A., Tang, A. H., Tang, Z., Tarnowsky, T., Thomas, J. H., Timmins, A. R., Tlusty, D., Todoroki, T., Tomkiel, C. A., Trentalange, S., Tribble, R. E., Tribedy, P., Truhlar, T., Trzeciak, B. A., Tsai, O. D., Tsang, C. Y., Tu, Z., Ullrich, T., Underwood, D. G., Upsal, I., Van Buren, G., Vanek, J., Vassiliev, I., Verkest, V., Videbæk, F., Voloshin, S. A., Wang, F., Wang, G., Wang, J. S., Wang, X., Wang, Y., Wang, Z., Webb, J. C., Weidenkaff, P. C., Westfall, G. D., Wielanek, D., Wieman, H., Wilks, G., Wissink, S. W., Witt, R., Wu, J., Wu, X., Wu, Y., Xi, B., Xiao, Z. G., Xie, W., Xu, H., Xu, N., Xu, Q. H., Xu, Y., Xu, Z., Yan, G., Yan, Z., Yang, C., Yang, Q., Yang, S., Yang, Y., Ye, Z., Yi, L., Yip, K., Yu, Y., Zbroszczyk, H., Zha, W., Zhang, C., Zhang, D., Zhang, J., Zhang, S., Zhang, X., Zhang, Y., Zhang, Z. J., Zhang, Z., Zhao, F., Zhao, J., Zhao, M., Zhou, C., Zhou, J., Zhou, S., Zhou, Y., Zhu, X., Zurek, M., and Zyzak, M.
Subjects: Nuclear Experiment, Nuclear Theory
Abstract: We report on measurements of sequential $\Upsilon$ suppression in Au+Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{_\mathrm{NN}}}$ = 200 GeV with the STAR detector at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) through both the dielectron and dimuon decay channels. In the 0-60% centrality class, the nuclear modification factors ($R_{\mathrm{AA}}$), which quantify the level of yield suppression in heavy-ion collisions compared to $p$+$p$ collisions, for $\Upsilon$(1S) and $\Upsilon$(2S) are $0.40 \pm 0.03~\textrm{(stat.)} \pm 0.03~\textrm{(sys.)} \pm 0.09~\textrm{(norm.)}$ and $0.26 \pm 0.08~\textrm{(stat.)} \pm 0.02~\textrm{(sys.)} \pm 0.06~\textrm{(norm.)}$, respectively, while the upper limit of the $\Upsilon$(3S) $R_{\mathrm{AA}}$ is 0.17 at a 95% confidence level. This provides experimental evidence that the $\Upsilon$(3S) is significantly more suppressed than the $\Upsilon$(1S) at RHIC. The level of suppression for $\Upsilon$(1S) is comparable to that observed at the much higher collision energy at the Large Hadron Collider. These results point to the creation of a medium at RHIC whose temperature is sufficiently high to strongly suppress excited $\Upsilon$ states., Comment: 5 pages, 4 figures
Published: 2022
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20. Measurement of $\rm ^4_{\Lambda}H$ and $\rm ^4_{\Lambda}He$ binding energy in Au+Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_\mathrm{NN}}$ = 3 GeV

Author: STAR Collaboration, Abdallah, M. S., Aboona, B. E., Adam, J., Adamczyk, L., Adams, J. R., Adkins, J. K., Aggarwal, I., Aggarwal, M. M., Ahammed, Z., Anderson, D. M., Aschenauer, E. C., Ashraf, M. U., Atchison, J., Bairathi, V., Baker, W., Cap, J. G. Ball, Barish, K., Behera, A., Bellwied, R., Bhagat, P., Bhasin, A., Bielcik, J., Bielcikova, J., Brandenburg, J. D., Cai, X. Z., Caines, H., Sánchez, M. Calderón de la Barca, Cebra, D., Chakaberia, I., Chaloupka, P., Chan, B. K., Chang, Z., Chatterjee, A., Chattopadhyay, S., Chen, D., Chen, J., Chen, J. H., Chen, X., Chen, Z., Cheng, J., Choudhury, S., Christie, W., Chu, X., Crawford, H. J., Csanád, M., Daugherity, M., Deppner, I. M., Dhamija, A., Di Carlo, L., Didenko, L., Dixit, P., Dong, X., Drachenberg, J. L., Duckworth, E., Dunlop, J. C., Engelage, J., Eppley, G., Esumi, S., Evdokimov, O., Ewigleben, A., Eyser, O., Fatemi, R., Fawzi, F. M., Fazio, S., Feng, C. J., Feng, Y., Finch, E., Fisyak, Y., Francisco, A., Fu, C., Gagliardi, C. A., Galatyuk, T., Geurts, F., Ghimire, N., Gibson, A., Gopal, K., Gou, X., Grosnick, D., Gupta, A., Guryn, W., Hamed, A., Han, Y., Harabasz, S., Harasty, M. D., Harris, J. W., Harrison, H., He, S., He, W., He, X. H., He, Y., Heppelmann, S., Herrmann, N., Hoffman, E., Holub, L., Hu, C., Hu, Q., Hu, Y., Huang, H., Huang, H. Z., Huang, S. L., Huang, T., Huang, X., Huang, Y., Humanic, T. J., Isenhower, D., Isshiki, M., Jacobs, W. W., Jena, C., Jentsch, A., Ji, Y., Jia, J., Jiang, K., Jin, C., Ju, X., Judd, E. G., Kabana, S., Kabir, M. L., Kagamaster, S., Kalinkin, D., Kang, K., Kapukchyan, D., Kauder, K., Ke, H. W., Keane, D., Kelsey, M., Khyzhniak, Y. V., Kikoła, D. P., Kimelman, B., Kincses, D., Kisel, I., Kiselev, A., Knospe, A. G., Ko, H. S., Kosarzewski, L. K., Kramarik, L., Kumar, L., Kumar, S., Elayavalli, R. Kunnawalkam, Kwasizur, J. H., Lacey, R., Lan, S., Landgraf, J. M., Lauret, J., Lebedev, A., Lee, J. H., Leung, Y. H., Lewis, N., Li, C., Li, W., Li, X., Li, Y., Li, Z., Liang, X., Liang, Y., Licenik, R., Lin, T., Lin, Y., Lisa, M. A., Liu, F., Liu, H., Liu, P., Liu, T., Liu, X., Liu, Y., Ljubicic, T., Llope, W. J., Longacre, R. S., Loyd, E., Lu, T., Lukow, N. S., Luo, X. F., Ma, L., Ma, R., Ma, Y. G., Magdy, N., Mallick, D., Margetis, S., Markert, C., Matis, H. S., Mazer, J. A., Mioduszewski, S., Mohanty, B., Mondal, M. M., Mooney, I., Mukherjee, A., Nagy, M., Nain, A. S., Nam, J. D., Nasim, Md., Nayak, K., Neff, D., Nelson, J. M., Nemes, D. B., Nie, M., Niida, T., Nishitani, R., Nonaka, T., Nunes, A. S., Odyniec, G., Ogawa, A., Oh, S., Okubo, K., Page, B. S., Pak, R., Pan, J., Pandav, A., Pandey, A. K., Paul, A., Pawlik, B., Pawlowska, D., Perkins, C., Pinsky, L. S., Pluta, J., Pokhrel, B. R., Porter, J., Posik, M., Prozorova, V., Pruthi, N. K., Przybycien, M., Putschke, J., Qin, Z., Qiu, H., Quintero, A., Racz, C., Radhakrishnan, S. K., Raha, N., Ray, R. L., Reed, R., Ritter, H. G., Robotkova, M., Romero, J. L., Roy, D., Chowdhury, P. Roy, Ruan, L., Sahoo, A. K., Sahoo, N. R., Sako, H., Salur, S., Sato, S., Schmidke, W. B., Schmitz, N., Schweid, B. R., Seck, F-J., Seger, J., Sergeeva, M., Seto, R., Seyboth, P., Shah, N., Shanmuganathan, P. V., Shao, M., Shao, T., Sharma, R., Sheikh, A. I., Shen, D. Y., Shen, K., Shi, S. S., Shi, Y., Shou, Q. Y., Sichtermann, E. P., Sikora, R., Singh, J., Singha, S., Sinha, P., Skoby, M. J., Smirnov, N., Söhngen, Y., Solyst, W., Song, Y., Srivastava, B., Stanislaus, T. D. S., Stefaniak, M., Stewart, D. J., Stringfellow, B., Suaide, A. A. P., Sumbera, M., Sun, X. M., Sun, X., Sun, Y., Surrow, B., Sweger, Z. W., Szymanski, P., Tang, A. H., Tang, Z., Tarnowsky, T., Thomas, J. H., Timmins, A. R., Tlusty, D., Todoroki, T., Tomkiel, C. A., Trentalange, S., Tribble, R. E., Tribedy, P., Tripathy, S. K., Truhlar, T., Trzeciak, B. A., Tsai, O. D., Tsang, C. Y., Tu, Z., Ullrich, T., Underwood, D. G., Upsal, I., Van Buren, G., Vanek, J., Vassiliev, I., Verkest, V., Videbæk, F., Voloshin, S. A., Wang, F., Wang, G., Wang, J. S., Wang, P., Wang, X., Wang, Y., Wang, Z., Webb, J. C., Weidenkaff, P. C., Westfall, G. D., Wielanek, D., Wieman, H., Wissink, S. W., Witt, R., Wu, J., Wu, Y., Xi, B., Xiao, Z. G., Xie, G., Xie, W., Xu, H., Xu, N., Xu, Q. H., Xu, Y., Xu, Z., Yan, G., Yang, C., Yang, Q., Yang, S., Yang, Y., Ye, Z., Yi, L., Yip, K., Yu, Y., Zbroszczyk, H., Zha, W., Zhang, C., Zhang, D., Zhang, J., Zhang, S., Zhang, Y., Zhang, Z. J., Zhang, Z., Zhao, F., Zhao, J., Zhao, M., Zhou, C., Zhou, J., Zhou, Y., Zhu, X., Zurek, M., and Zyzak, M.
Subjects: Nuclear Experiment
Abstract: Measurements of mass and $\Lambda$ binding energy of $\rm ^4_{\Lambda}H$ and $\rm ^4_{\Lambda}He$ in Au+Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{_{\rm NN}}}=3$ GeV are presented, with an aim to address the charge symmetry breaking (CSB) problem in hypernuclei systems with atomic number A = 4. The $\Lambda$ binding energies are measured to be $\rm 2.22\pm0.06(stat.) \pm0.14(syst.)$ MeV and $\rm 2.38\pm0.13(stat.) \pm0.12(syst.)$ MeV for $\rm ^4_{\Lambda}H$ and $\rm ^4_{\Lambda}He$, respectively. The measured $\Lambda$ binding-energy difference is $\rm 0.16\pm0.14(stat.)\pm0.10(syst.)$ MeV for ground states. Combined with the $\gamma$-ray transition energies, the binding-energy difference for excited states is $\rm -0.16\pm0.14(stat.)\pm0.10(syst.)$ MeV, which is negative and comparable to the value of the ground states within uncertainties. These new measurements on the $\Lambda$ binding-energy difference in A = 4 hypernuclei systems are consistent with the theoretical calculations that result in $\rm \Delta B_{\Lambda}^4(1_{exc}^{+})\approx -\Delta B_{\Lambda}^4(0_{g.s.}^{+})<0$ and present a new method for the study of CSB effect using relativistic heavy-ion collisions., Comment: 8 pages, 5 figures
Published: 2022
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21. Azimuthal transverse single-spin asymmetries of inclusive jets and identified hadrons within jets from polarized $pp$ collisions at $\sqrt{s}$ = 200 GeV

Author: STAR Collaboration, Abdallah, M. S., Aboona, B. E., Adam, J., Adamczyk, L., Adams, J. R., Adkins, J. K., Aggarwal, I., Aggarwal, M. M., Ahammed, Z., Anderson, D. M., Aschenauer, E. C., Ashraf, M. U., Atchison, J., Bairathi, V., Baker, W., Cap, J. G. Ball, Barish, K., Behera, A., Bellwied, R., Bhagat, P., Bhasin, A., Bielcik, J., Bielcikova, J., Brandenburg, J. D., Cai, X. Z., Caines, H., Sánchez, M. Calderón de la Barca, Cebra, D., Chakaberia, I., Chaloupka, P., Chan, B. K., Chang, Z., Chatterjee, A., Chattopadhyay, S., Chen, D., Chen, J., Chen, J. H., Chen, X., Chen, Z., Cheng, J., Choudhury, S., Christie, W., Chu, X., Crawford, H. J., Csanád, M., Daugherity, M., Deppner, I. M., Dhamija, A., Di Carlo, L., Didenko, L., Dixit, P., Dong, X., Drachenberg, J. L., Duckworth, E., Dunlop, J. C., Engelage, J., Eppley, G., Esumi, S., Evdokimov, O., Ewigleben, A., Eyser, O., Fatemi, R., Fawzi, F. M., Fazio, S., Feng, C. J., Feng, Y., Finch, E., Fisyak, Y., Francisco, A., Fu, C., Gagliardi, C. A., Galatyuk, T., Geurts, F., Ghimire, N., Gibson, A., Gopal, K., Gou, X., Grosnick, D., Gupta, A., Guryn, W., Hamed, A., Han, Y., Harabasz, S., Harasty, M. D., Harris, J. W., Harrison, H., He, S., He, W., He, X. H., He, Y., Heppelmann, S., Herrmann, N., Hoffman, E., Holub, L., Hu, C., Hu, Q., Hu, Y., Huang, H., Huang, H. Z., Huang, S. L., Huang, T., Huang, X., Huang, Y., Humanic, T. J., Isenhower, D., Isshiki, M., Jacobs, W. W., Jena, C., Jentsch, A., Ji, Y., Jia, J., Jiang, K., Jin, C., Ju, X., Judd, E. G., Kabana, S., Kabir, M. L., Kagamaster, S., Kalinkin, D., Kang, K., Kapukchyan, D., Kauder, K., Ke, H. W., Keane, D., Kelsey, M., Khyzhniak, Y. V., Kikoła, D. P., Kimelman, B., Kincses, D., Kisel, I., Kiselev, A., Knospe, A. G., Ko, H. S., Kosarzewski, L. K., Kramarik, L., Kumar, L., Kumar, S., Elayavalli, R. Kunnawalkam, Kwasizur, J. H., Lacey, R., Lan, S., Landgraf, J. M., Lauret, J., Lebedev, A., Lee, J. H., Leung, Y. H., Lewis, N., Li, C., Li, W., Li, X., Li, Y., Li, Z., Liang, X., Liang, Y., Licenik, R., Lin, T., Lin, Y., Lisa, M. A., Liu, F., Liu, H., Liu, P., Liu, T., Liu, X., Liu, Y., Ljubicic, T., Llope, W. J., Longacre, R. S., Loyd, E., Lu, T., Lukow, N. S., Luo, X. F., Ma, L., Ma, R., Ma, Y. G., Magdy, N., Mallick, D., Margetis, S., Markert, C., Matis, H. S., Mazer, J. A., Mioduszewski, S., Mohanty, B., Mondal, M. M., Mooney, I., Mukherjee, A., Nagy, M., Nain, A. S., Nam, J. D., Nasim, Md., Nayak, K., Neff, D., Nelson, J. M., Nemes, D. B., Nie, M., Niida, T., Nishitani, R., Nonaka, T., Nunes, A. S., Odyniec, G., Ogawa, A., Oh, S., Okubo, K., Page, B. S., Pak, R., Pan, J., Pandav, A., Pandey, A. K., Paul, A., Pawlik, B., Pawlowska, D., Perkins, C., Pinsky, L. S., Pluta, J., Pokhrel, B. R., Porter, J., Posik, M., Prozorova, V., Pruthi, N. K., Przybycien, M., Putschke, J., Qin, Z., Qiu, H., Quintero, A., Racz, C., Radhakrishnan, S. K., Raha, N., Ray, R. L., Reed, R., Ritter, H. G., Robotkova, M., Romero, J. L., Roy, D., Chowdhury, P. Roy, Ruan, L., Sahoo, A. K., Sahoo, N. R., Sako, H., Salur, S., Sato, S., Schmidke, W. B., Schmitz, N., Schweid, B. R., Seck, F-J., Seger, J., Sergeeva, M., Seto, R., Seyboth, P., Shah, N., Shanmuganathan, P. V., Shao, M., Shao, T., Sharma, R., Sheikh, A. I., Shen, D. Y., Shen, K., Shi, S. S., Shi, Y., Shou, Q. Y., Sichtermann, E. P., Sikora, R., Singh, J., Singha, S., Sinha, P., Skoby, M. J., Smirnov, N., Söhngen, Y., Solyst, W., Song, Y., Srivastava, B., Stanislaus, T. D. S., Stefaniak, M., Stewart, D. J., Stringfellow, B., Suaide, A. A. P., Sumbera, M., Sun, X. M., Sun, X., Sun, Y., Surrow, B., Sweger, Z. W., Szymanski, P., Tang, A. H., Tang, Z., Tarnowsky, T., Thomas, J. H., Timmins, A. R., Tlusty, D., Todoroki, T., Tomkiel, C. A., Trentalange, S., Tribble, R. E., Tribedy, P., Tripathy, S. K., Truhlar, T., Trzeciak, B. A., Tsai, O. D., Tsang, C. Y., Tu, Z., Ullrich, T., Underwood, D. G., Upsal, I., Van Buren, G., Vanek, J., Vassiliev, I., Verkest, V., Videbæk, F., Voloshin, S. A., Wang, F., Wang, G., Wang, J. S., Wang, P., Wang, X., Wang, Y., Wang, Z., Webb, J. C., Weidenkaff, P. C., Westfall, G. D., Wielanek, D., Wieman, H., Wissink, S. W., Witt, R., Wu, J., Wu, Y., Xi, B., Xiao, Z. G., Xie, G., Xie, W., Xu, H., Xu, N., Xu, Q. H., Xu, Y., Xu, Z., Yan, G., Yang, C., Yang, Q., Yang, S., Yang, Y., Ye, Z., Yi, L., Yip, K., Yu, Y., Zbroszczyk, H., Zha, W., Zhang, C., Zhang, D., Zhang, J., Zhang, S., Zhang, Y., Zhang, Z. J., Zhang, Z., Zhao, F., Zhao, J., Zhao, M., Zhou, C., Zhou, J., Zhou, Y., Zhu, X., Zurek, M., and Zyzak, M.
Subjects: High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract: The STAR Collaboration reports measurements of the transverse single-spin asymmetries, $A_N$, for inclusive jets and identified `hadrons within jets' production at midrapidity from transversely polarized $pp$ collisions at $\sqrt{s}$ = 200 GeV, based on data recorded in 2012 and 2015. The inclusive jet asymmetry measurements include $A_N$ for inclusive jets and $A_N$ for jets containing a charged pion carrying a momentum fraction $z>0.3$ of the jet momentum. The identified hadron within jet asymmetry measurements include the Collins effect for charged pions, kaons and protons, and the Collins-like effect for charged pions. The measured asymmetries are determined for several distinct kinematic regions, characterized by the jet transverse momentum $p_{T}$ and pseudorapidity $\eta$, as well as the hadron momentum fraction $z$ and momentum transverse to the jet axis $j_{T}$. These results probe higher momentum scales ($Q^{2}$ up to $\sim$\,900 GeV$^{2}$) than current, semi-inclusive deep inelastic scattering measurements, and they provide new constraints on quark transversity in the proton and enable tests of evolution, universality and factorization breaking in the transverse-momentum-dependent formalism., Comment: 24 pages, 24 figures, Accepted by PRD
Published: 2022
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22. Azimuthal anisotropy measurement of (multi-)strange hadrons in Au+Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\text{NN}}}$ = 54.4 GeV

Author: STAR Collaboration, Abdallah, M. S., Aboona, B. E., Adam, J., Adamczyk, L., Adams, J. R., Adkins, J. K., Aggarwal, I., Aggarwal, M. M., Ahammed, Z., Anderson, D. M., Aschenauer, E. C., Atchison, J., Bairathi, V., Baker, W., Cap, J. G. Ball, Barish, K., Bellwied, R., Bhagat, P., Bhasin, A., Bhatta, S., Bielcik, J., Bielcikova, J., Brandenburg, J. D., Cai, X. Z., Caines, H., Calderón~de~la~Barca~Sánchez, M., Cebra, D., Chakaberia, I., Chaloupka, P., Chan, B. K., Chang, Z., Chatterjee, A., Chattopadhyay, S., Chen, D., Chen, J., Chen, J. H., Chen, X., Chen, Z., Cheng, J., Choudhury, S., Christie, W., Chu, X., Crawford, H. J., Csanád, M., Daugherity, M., Deppner, I. M., Dhamija, A., Di Carlo, L., Didenko, L., Dixit, P., Dong, X., Drachenberg, J. L., Duckworth, E., Dunlop, J. C., Engelage, J., Eppley, G., Esumi, S., Evdokimov, O., Ewigleben, A., Eyser, O., Fatemi, R., Fawzi, F. M., Fazio, S., Feng, C. J., Feng, Y., Finch, E., Fisyak, Y., Francisco, A., Fu, C., Gagliardi, C. A., Galatyuk, T., Geurts, F., Ghimire, N., Gibson, A., Gopal, K., Gou, X., Grosnick, D., Gupta, A., Guryn, W., Hamed, A., Han, Y., Harabasz, S., Harasty, M. D., Harris, J. W., Harrison, H., He, S., He, W., He, X. H., He, Y., Heppelmann, S., Herrmann, N., Hoffman, E., Holub, L., Hu, C., Hu, Q., Hu, Y., Huang, H., Huang, H. Z., Huang, S. L., Huang, T., Huang, X., Huang, Y., Humanic, T. J., Isenhower, D., Isshiki, M., Jacobs, W. W., Jena, C., Jentsch, A., Ji, Y., Jia, J., Jiang, K., Jin, C., Ju, X., Judd, E. G., Kabana, S., Kabir, M. L., Kagamaster, S., Kalinkin, D., Kang, K., Kapukchyan, D., Kauder, K., Ke, H. W., Keane, D., Kelsey, M., Khyzhniak, Y. V., Kikoła, D. P., Kimelman, B., Kincses, D., Kisel, I., Kiselev, A., Knospe, A. G., Ko, H. S., Kosarzewski, L. K., Kramarik, L., Kumar, L., Kumar, S., Elayavalli, R. Kunnawalkam, Kwasizur, J. H., Lacey, R., Lan, S., Landgraf, J. M., Lauret, J., Lebedev, A., Lee, J. H., Leung, Y. H., Lewis, N., Li, C., Li, W., Li, X., Li, Y., Li, Z., Liang, X., Liang, Y., Licenik, R., Lin, T., Lin, Y., Lisa, M. A., Liu, F., Liu, H., Liu, T., Liu, X., Liu, Y., Ljubicic, T., Llope, W. J., Longacre, R. S., Loyd, E., Lu, T., Lukow, N. S., Luo, X. F., Ma, L., Ma, R., Ma, Y. G., Magdy, N., Mallick, D., Margetis, S., Markert, C., Matis, H. S., Mazer, J. A., McNamara, G., Mioduszewski, S., Mohanty, B., Mondal, M. M., Mooney, I., Mukherjee, A., Nagy, M. I., Nain, A. S., Nam, J. D., Nasim, Md., Nayak, K., Neff, D., Nelson, J. M., Nemes, D. B., Nie, M., Niida, T., Nishitani, R., Nonaka, T., Nunes, A. S., Odyniec, G., Ogawa, A., Oh, S., Okubo, K., Page, B. S., Pak, R., Pan, J., Pandav, A., Pandey, A. K., Paul, A., Pawlik, B., Pawlowska, D., Perkins, C., Pluta, J., Pokhrel, B. R., Porter, J., Posik, M., Prozorova, V., Pruthi, N. K., Przybycien, M., Putschke, J., Qin, Z., Qiu, H., Quintero, A., Racz, C., Radhakrishnan, S. K., Raha, N., Ray, R. L., Reed, R., Ritter, H. G., Robotkova, M., Romero, J. L., Roy, D., Chowdhury, P. Roy, Ruan, L., Sahoo, A. K., Sahoo, N. R., Sako, H., Salur, S., Sato, S., Schmidke, W. B., Schmitz, N., Seck, F-J., Seger, J., Sergeeva, M., Seto, R., Seyboth, P., Shah, N., Shanmuganathan, P. V., Shao, M., Shao, T., Sharma, R., Sheikh, A. I., Shen, D. Y., Shen, K., Shi, S. S., Shi, Y., Shou, Q. Y., Sichtermann, E. P., Sikora, R., Singh, J., Singha, S., Sinha, P., Skoby, M. J., Smirnov, N., Söhngen, Y., Solyst, W., Song, Y., Srivastava, B., Stanislaus, T. D. S., Stefaniak, M., Stewart, D. J., Stringfellow, B., Suaide, A. A. P., Sumbera, M., Sun, C., Sun, X. M., Sun, X., Sun, Y., Surrow, B., Sweger, Z. W., Szymanski, P., Tang, A. H., Tang, Z., Tarnowsky, T., Thomas, J. H., Timmins, A. R., Tlusty, D., Todoroki, T., Tomkiel, C. A., Trentalange, S., Tribble, R. E., Tribedy, P., Tripathy, S. K., Truhlar, T., Trzeciak, B. A., Tsai, O. D., Tsang, C. Y., Tu, Z., Ullrich, T., Underwood, D. G., Upsal, I., Van Buren, G., Vanek, J., Vassiliev, I., Verkest, V., Videbæk, F., Voloshin, S. A., Wang, F., Wang, G., Wang, J. S., Wang, P., Wang, X., Wang, Y., Wang, Z., Webb, J. C., Weidenkaff, P. C., Westfall, G. D., Wielanek, D., Wieman, H., Wissink, S. W., Witt, R., Wu, J., Wu, Y., Xi, B., Xiao, Z. G., Xie, G., Xie, W., Xu, H., Xu, N., Xu, Q. H., Xu, Y., Xu, Z., Yan, G., Yan, Z., Yang, C., Yang, Q., Yang, S., Yang, Y., Ye, Z., Yi, L., Yip, K., Yu, Y., Zbroszczyk, H., Zha, W., Zhang, C., Zhang, D., Zhang, J., Zhang, S., Zhang, Y., Zhang, Z. J., Zhang, Z., Zhao, F., Zhao, J., Zhao, M., Zhou, C., Zhou, J., Zhou, Y., Zhu, X., Zurek, M., and Zyzak, M.
Subjects: Nuclear Experiment, High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract: Azimuthal anisotropy of produced particles is one of the most important observables used to access the collective properties of the expanding medium created in relativistic heavy-ion collisions. In this paper, we present second ($v_{2}$) and third ($v_{3}$) order azimuthal anisotropies of $K_{S}^{0}$, $\phi$, $\Lambda$, $\Xi$ and $\Omega$ at mid-rapidity ($|y|<$1) in Au+Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\text{NN}}}$ = 54.4 GeV measured by the STAR detector. The $v_{2}$ and $v_{3}$ are measured as a function of transverse momentum and centrality. Their energy dependence is also studied. $v_{3}$ is found to be more sensitive to the change in the center-of-mass energy than $v_{2}$. Scaling by constituent quark number is found to hold for $v_{2}$ within 10%. This observation could be evidence for the development of partonic collectivity in 54.4 GeV Au+Au collisions. Differences in $v_{2}$ and $v_{3}$ between baryons and anti-baryons are presented, and ratios of $v_{3}$/$v_{2}^{3/2}$ are studied and motivated by hydrodynamical calculations. The ratio of $v_{2}$ of $\phi$ mesons to that of anti-protons ($v_{2}(\phi)/v_{2}(\bar{p})$) shows centrality dependence at low transverse momentum, presumably resulting from the larger effects from hadronic interactions on anti-proton $v_{2}$., Comment: 12 pages, 14 figures
Published: 2022
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23. Two-particle correlations on transverse rapidity in Au+Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\rm NN}}=200$ GeV at STAR

Author: STAR Collaboration, Abdallah, M. S., Aboona, B. E., Adam, J., Adamczyk, L., Adams, J. R., Adkins, J. K., Agakishiev, G., Aggarwal, I., Aggarwal, M. M., Ahammed, Z., Aitbaev, A., Alekseev, I., Anderson, D. M., Aparin, A., Aschenauer, E. C., Ashraf, M. U., Atetalla, F. G., Averichev, G. S., Bairathi, V., Baker, W., Cap, J. G. Ball, Barish, K., Behera, A., Bellwied, R., Bhagat, P., Bhasin, A., Bhattarai, P., Bielcik, J., Bielcikova, J., Bordyuzhin, I. G., Brandenburg, J. D., Brandin, A. V., Cai, X. Z., Caines, H., Sánchez, M. Calderón de la Barca, Cebra, D., Chakaberia, I., Chaloupka, P., Chan, B. K., Chang, F-H., Chang, Z., Chatterjee, A., Chattopadhyay, S., Chen, D., Chen, J., Chen, J. H., Chen, X., Chen, Z., Cheng, J., Choudhury, S., Christie, W., Chu, X., Crawford, H. J., Csanád, M., Daugherity, M., Dedovich, T. G., Deppner, I. M., Derevschikov, A. A., Dhamija, A., Di Carlo, L., Didenko, L., Dixit, P., Dong, X., Drachenberg, J. L., Duckworth, E., Dunlop, J. C., Engelage, J., Eppley, G., Esumi, S., Evdokimov, O., Ewigleben, A., Eyser, O., Fatemi, R., Fawzi, F. M., Fazio, S., Feng, C. J., Feng, Y., Finch, E., Fisyak, Y., Francisco, A., Fu, C., Gagliardi, C. A., Galatyuk, T., Geurts, F., Ghimire, N., Gibson, A., Gopal, K., Gou, X., Grosnick, D., Gupta, A., Guryn, W., Hamed, A., Han, Y., Harabasz, S., Harasty, M. D., Harris, J. W., Harrison, H., He, S., He, W., He, X. H., He, Y., Heppelmann, S., Herrmann, N., Hoffman, E., Holub, L., Hu, C., Hu, Q., Hu, Y., Huang, H., Huang, H. Z., Huang, S. L., Huang, T., Huang, X., Huang, Y., Humanic, T. J., Isenhower, D., Isshiki, M., Jacobs, W. W., Jena, C., Jentsch, A., Ji, Y., Jia, J., Jiang, K., Ju, X., Judd, E. G., Kabana, S., Kabir, M. L., Kagamaster, S., Kalinkin, D., Kang, K., Kapukchyan, D., Kauder, K., Ke, H. W., Keane, D., Kechechyan, A., Kelsey, M., Kikoła, D. P., Kimelman, B., Kincses, D., Kisel, I., Kiselev, A., Knospe, A. G., Ko, H. S., Kochenda, L., Korobitsin, A., Kosarzewski, L. K., Kramarik, L., Kravtsov, P., Kumar, L., Kumar, S., Elayavalli, R. Kunnawalkam, Kwasizur, J. H., Lacey, R., Lan, S., Landgraf, J. M., Lauret, J., Lebedev, A., Lednicky, R., Lee, J. H., Leung, Y. H., Lewis, N., Li, C., Li, W., Li, X., Li, Y., Liang, X., Liang, Y., Licenik, R., Lin, T., Lin, Y., Lisa, M. A., Liu, F., Liu, H., Liu, P., Liu, T., Liu, X., Liu, Y., Liu, Z., Ljubicic, T., Llope, W. J., Longacre, R. S., Loyd, E., Lu, T., Lukow, N. S., Luo, X. F., Ma, L., Ma, R., Ma, Y. G., Magdy, N., Mallick, D., Manukhov, S. L., Margetis, S., Markert, C., Matis, H. S., Mazer, J. A., Minaev, N. G., Mioduszewski, S., Mohanty, B., Mondal, M. M., Mooney, I., Morozov, D. A., Mukherjee, A., Nagy, M., Nam, J. D., Nasim, Md., Nayak, K., Neff, D., Nelson, J. M., Nemes, D. B., Nie, M., Nigmatkulov, G., Niida, T., Nishitani, R., Nogach, L. V., Nonaka, T., Nunes, A. S., Odyniec, G., Ogawa, A., Oldag, E. W., Oh, S., Okorokov, V. A., Okubo, K., Page, B. S., Pak, R., Pan, J., Pandav, A., Pandey, A. K., Panebratsev, Y., Parfenov, P., Paul, A., Pawlik, B., Pawlowska, D., Perkins, C., Pluta, J., Pokhrel, B. R., Porter, J., Posik, M., Prozorova, V., Pruthi, N. K., Przybycien, M., Putschke, J., Qiu, H., Quintero, A., Racz, C., Radhakrishnan, S. K., Raha, N., Ray, R. L., Reed, R., Ritter, H. G., Robotkova, M., Romero, J. L., Roy, D., Ruan, L., Sahoo, A. K., Sahoo, N. R., Sako, H., Salur, S., Samigullin, E., Sandweiss, J., Sato, S., Schmidke, W. B., Schmitz, N., Schweid, B. R., Seck, F., Seger, J., Seto, R., Seyboth, P., Shah, N., Shahaliev, E., Shanmuganathan, P. V., Shao, M., Shao, T., Sharma, R., Sheikh, A. I., Shen, D. Y., Shi, S. S., Shi, Y., Shou, Q. Y., Sichtermann, E. P., Sikora, R., Singh, J., Singha, S., Sinha, P., Skoby, M. J., Smirnov, N., Söhngen, Y., Solyst, W., Song, Y., Spinka, H. M., Srivastava, B., Stanislaus, T. D. S., Stefaniak, M., Stewart, D. J., Strikhanov, M., Stringfellow, B., Suaide, A. A. P., Sumbera, M., Sun, X. M., Sun, X., Sun, Y., Surrow, B., Svirida, D. N., Sweger, Z. W., Szymanski, P., Tang, A. H., Tang, Z., Taranenko, A., Tarnowsky, T., Thomas, J. H., Timmins, A. R., Tlusty, D., Todoroki, T., Tokarev, M., Tomkiel, C. A., Trentalange, S., Tribble, R. E., Tribedy, P., Tripathy, S. K., Truhlar, T., Trzeciak, B. A., Tsai, O. D., Tu, Z., Ullrich, T., Underwood, D. G., Upsal, I., Van Buren, G., Vanek, J., Vasiliev, A. N., Vassiliev, I., Verkest, V., Videbæk, F., Vokal, S., Voloshin, S. A., Wang, F., Wang, G., Wang, J. S., Wang, P., Wang, X., Wang, Y., Wang, Z., Webb, J. C., Weidenkaff, P. C., Westfall, G. D., Wieman, H., Wissink, S. W., Witt, R., Wu, J., Wu, Y., Xi, B., Xiao, Z. G., Xie, G., Xie, W., Xu, H., Xu, N., Xu, Q. H., Xu, Y., Xu, Z., Yan, G., Yang, C., Yang, Q., Yang, S., Yang, Y., Ye, Z., Yi, L., Yip, K., Yu, Y., Zbroszczyk, H., Zha, W., Zhang, C., Zhang, D., Zhang, J., Zhang, S., Zhang, Y., Zhang, Z. J., Zhang, Z., Zhao, F., Zhao, J., Zhao, M., Zhou, C., Zhou, Y., Zhu, X., Zurek, M., and Zyzak, M.
Subjects: Nuclear Experiment
Abstract: Two-particle correlation measurements projected onto two-dimensional, transverse rapidity coordinates ($y_{T1},y_{T2}$), allow access to dynamical properties of the QCD medium produced in relativistic heavy-ion collisions that angular correlation measurements are not sensitive to. We report non-identified charged-particle correlations for Au + Au minimum-bias collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\rm NN}}$ = 200 GeV taken by the STAR experiment at the Relativistic Heavy-Ion Collider (RHIC). Correlations are presented as 2D functions of transverse rapidity for like-sign, unlike-sign and all charged-particle pairs, as well as for particle pairs whose relative azimuthal angles lie on the near-side, the away-side, or at all relative azimuth. The correlations are constructed using charged particles with transverse momentum $p_T \geq 0.15$ GeV/$c$, pseudorapidity from $-$1 to 1, and azimuthal angles from $-\pi$ to $\pi$. The significant correlation structures that are observed evolve smoothly with collision centrality. The major correlation features include a saddle shape plus a broad peak with maximum near $y_T \approx 3$, corresponding to $p_T \approx$ 1.5 GeV/$c$. The broad peak is observed in both like- and unlike-sign charge combinations and in near- and away-side relative azimuthal angles. The all-charge, all-azimuth correlation measurements are compared with the theoretical predictions of {\sc hijing} and {\sc epos}. The results indicate that the correlations for peripheral to mid-central collisions can be approximately described as a superposition of nucleon + nucleon collisions with minimal effects from the QCD medium. Strong medium effects are indicated in mid- to most-central collisions.
Published: 2022

24. Pattern of Global Spin Alignment of $\phi$ and $K^{*0}$ mesons in Heavy-Ion Collisions

Author: STAR Collaboration, Abdallah, M. S., Aboona, B. E., Adam, J., Adamczyk, L., Adams, J. R., Adkins, J. K., Agakishiev, G., Aggarwal, I., Aggarwal, M. M., Ahammed, Z., Aitbaev, A., Alekseev, I., Anderson, D. M., Aparin, A., Aschenauer, E. C., Ashraf, M. U., Atetalla, F. G., Averichev, G. S., Bairathi, V., Baker, W., Cap, J. G. Ball, Barish, K., Behera, A., Bellwied, R., Bhagat, P., Bhasin, A., Bielcik, J., Bielcikova, J., Bordyuzhin, I. G., Brandenburg, J. D., Brandin, A. V., Cai, X. Z., Caines, H., Sánchez, M. Calderón de la Barca, Cebra, D., Chakaberia, I., Chaloupka, P., Chan, B. K., Chang, F-H., Chang, Z., Chatterjee, A., Chattopadhyay, S., Chen, D., Chen, J., Chen, J. H., Chen, X., Chen, Z., Cheng, J., Choudhury, S., Christie, W., Chu, X., Crawford, H. J., Csanád, M., Daugherity, M., Dedovich, T. G., Deppner, I. M., Derevschikov, A. A., Dhamija, A., Di Carlo, L., Didenko, L., Dixit, P., Dong, X., Drachenberg, J. L., Duckworth, E., Dunlop, J. C., Engelage, J., Eppley, G., Esumi, S., Evdokimov, O., Ewigleben, A., Eyser, O., Fatemi, R., Fawzi, F. M., Fazio, S., Feng, C. J., Feng, Y., Finch, E., Fisyak, Y., Francisco, A., Fu, C., Gagliardi, C. A., Galatyuk, T., Geurts, F., Ghimire, N., Gibson, A., Gopal, K., Gou, X., Grosnick, D., Gupta, A., Guryn, W., Hamed, A., Han, Y., Harabasz, S., Harasty, M. D., Harris, J. W., Harrison, H., He, S., He, W., He, X. H., He, Y., Heppelmann, S., Herrmann, N., Hoffman, E., Holub, L., Hu, C., Hu, Q., Hu, Y., Huang, H., Huang, H. Z., Huang, S. L., Huang, T., Huang, X., Huang, Y., Humanic, T. J., Isenhower, D., Isshiki, M., Jacobs, W. W., Jena, C., Jentsch, A., Ji, Y., Jia, J., Jiang, K., Ju, X., Judd, E. G., Kabana, S., Kabir, M. L., Kagamaster, S., Kalinkin, D., Kang, K., Kapukchyan, D., Kauder, K., Ke, H. W., Keane, D., Kechechyan, A., Kelsey, M., Kikoła, D. P., Kimelman, B., Kincses, D., Kisel, I., Kiselev, A., Knospe, A. G., Ko, H. S., Kochenda, L., Korobitsin, A., Kosarzewski, L. K., Kramarik, L., Kravtsov, P., Kumar, L., Kumar, S., Elayavalli, R. Kunnawalkam, Kwasizur, J. H., Lacey, R., Lan, S., Landgraf, J. M., Lauret, J., Lebedev, A., Lednicky, R., Lee, J. H., Leung, Y. H., Lewis, N., Li, C., Li, W., Li, X., Li, Y., Liang, X., Liang, Y., Licenik, R., Lin, T., Lin, Y., Lisa, M. A., Liu, F., Liu, H., Liu, P., Liu, T., Liu, X., Liu, Y., Liu, Z., Ljubicic, T., Llope, W. J., Longacre, R. S., Loyd, E., Lu, T., Lukow, N. S., Luo, X. F., Ma, L., Ma, R., Ma, Y. G., Magdy, N., Mallick, D., Manukhov, S. L., Margetis, S., Markert, C., Matis, H. S., Mazer, J. A., Minaev, N. G., Mioduszewski, S., Mohanty, B., Mondal, M. M., Mooney, I., Morozov, D. A., Mukherjee, A., Nagy, M., Nam, J. D., Nasim, Md., Nayak, K., Neff, D., Nelson, J. M., Nemes, D. B., Nie, M., Nigmatkulov, G., Niida, T., Nishitani, R., Nogach, L. V., Nonaka, T., Nunes, A. S., Odyniec, G., Ogawa, A., Oh, S., Okorokov, V. A., Okubo, K., Page, B. S., Pak, R., Pan, J., Pandav, A., Pandey, A. K., Panebratsev, Y., Parfenov, P., Paul, A., Pawlik, B., Pawlowska, D., Perkins, C., Pluta, J., Pokhrel, B. R., Porter, J., Posik, M., Prozorova, V., Pruthi, N. K., Przybycien, M., Putschke, J., Qiu, H., Quintero, A., Racz, C., Radhakrishnan, S. K., Raha, N., Ray, R. L., Reed, R., Ritter, H. G., Robotkova, M., Romero, J. L., Roy, D., Ruan, L., Sahoo, A. K., Sahoo, N. R., Sako, H., Salur, S., Samigullin, E., Sandweiss, J., Sato, S., Schmidke, W. B., Schmitz, N., Schweid, B. R., Seck, F., Seger, J., Seto, R., Seyboth, P., Shah, N., Shahaliev, E., Shanmuganathan, P. V., Shao, M., Shao, T., Sharma, R., Sheikh, A. I., Shen, D. Y., Shi, S. S., Shi, Y., Shou, Q. Y., Sichtermann, E. P., Sikora, R., Singh, J., Singha, S., Sinha, P., Skoby, M. J., Smirnov, N., Söhngen, Y., Solyst, W., Song, Y., Spinka, H. M., Srivastava, B., Stanislaus, T. D. S., Stefaniak, M., Stewart, D. J., Strikhanov, M., Stringfellow, B., Suaide, A. A. P., Sumbera, M., Sun, X. M., Sun, X., Sun, Y., Surrow, B., Svirida, D. N., Sweger, Z. W., Szymanski, P., Tang, A. H., Tang, Z., Taranenko, A., Tarnowsky, T., Thomas, J. H., Timmins, A. R., Tlusty, D., Todoroki, T., Tokarev, M., Tomkiel, C. A., Trentalange, S., Tribble, R. E., Tribedy, P., Tripathy, S. K., Truhlar, T., Trzeciak, B. A., Tsai, O. D., Tu, Z., Ullrich, T., Underwood, D. G., Upsal, I., Van Buren, G., Vanek, J., Vasiliev, A. N., Vassiliev, I., Verkest, V., Videbæk, F., Vokal, S., Voloshin, S. A., Wang, F., Wang, G., Wang, J. S., Wang, P., Wang, X., Wang, Y., Wang, Z., Webb, J. C., Weidenkaff, P. C., Westfall, G. D., Wieman, H., Wissink, S. W., Witt, R., Wu, J., Wu, Y., Xi, B., Xiao, Z. G., Xie, G., Xie, W., Xu, H., Xu, N., Xu, Q. H., Xu, Y., Xu, Z., Yan, G., Yang, C., Yang, Q., Yang, S., Yang, Y., Ye, Z., Yi, L., Yip, K., Yu, Y., Zbroszczyk, H., Zha, W., Zhang, C., Zhang, D., Zhang, J., Zhang, S., Zhang, Y., Zhang, Z. J., Zhang, Z., Zhao, F., Zhao, J., Zhao, M., Zhou, C., Zhou, Y., Zhu, X., Zurek, M., and Zyzak, M.
Subjects: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology, Nuclear Experiment
Abstract: Notwithstanding decades of progress since Yukawa first developed a description of the force between nucleons in terms of meson exchange, a full understanding of the strong interaction remains a major challenge in modern science. One remaining difficulty arises from the non-perturbative nature of the strong force, which leads to the phenomenon of quark confinement at distances on the order of the size of the proton. Here we show that in relativistic heavy-ion collisions, where quarks and gluons are set free over an extended volume, two species of produced vector (spin-1) mesons, namely $\phi$ and $K^{*0}$, emerge with a surprising pattern of global spin alignment. In particular, the global spin alignment for $\phi$ is unexpectedly large, while that for $K^{*0}$ is consistent with zero. The observed spin-alignment pattern and magnitude for the $\phi$ cannot be explained by conventional mechanisms, while a model with a connection to strong force fields, i.e. an effective proxy description within the Standard Model and Quantum Chromodynamics, accommodates the current data. This connection, if fully established, will open a potential new avenue for studying the behaviour of strong force fields.
Published: 2022
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25. Tomography of Ultra-relativistic Nuclei with Polarized Photon-gluon Collisions

Author: STAR Collaboration, Abdallah, M. S., Aboona, B. E., Adam, J., Adamczyk, L., Adams, J. R., Adkins, J. K., Agakishiev, G., Aggarwal, I., Aggarwal, M. M., Ahammed, Z., Aitbaev, A., Alekseev, I., Anderson, D. M., Aparin, A., Aschenauer, E. C., Ashraf, M. U., Atetalla, F. G., Averichev, G. S., Bairathi, V., Baker, W., Cap, J. G. Ball, Barish, K., Behera, A., Bellwied, R., Bhagat, P., Bhasin, A., Bielcik, J., Bielcikova, J., Bordyuzhin, I. G., Brandenburg, J. D., Brandin, A. V., Cai, X. Z., Caines, H., Sánchez, M. Calderón de la Barca, Cebra, D., Chakaberia, I., Chaloupka, P., Chan, B. K., Chang, F-H., Chang, Z., Chatterjee, A., Chattopadhyay, S., Chen, D., Chen, J., Chen, J. H., Chen, X., Chen, Z., Cheng, J., Choudhury, S., Christie, W., Chu, X., Crawford, H. J., Csanád, M., Daugherity, M., Dedovich, T. G., Deppner, I. M., Derevschikov, A. A., Dhamija, A., Di Carlo, L., Didenko, L., Dixit, P., Dong, X., Drachenberg, J. L., Duckworth, E., Dunlop, J. C., Engelage, J., Eppley, G., Esumi, S., Evdokimov, O., Ewigleben, A., Eyser, O., Fatemi, R., Fawzi, F. M., Fazio, S., Feng, C. J., Feng, Y., Finch, E., Fisyak, Y., Francisco, A., Fu, C., Gagliardi, C. A., Galatyuk, T., Geurts, F., Ghimire, N., Gibson, A., Gopal, K., Gou, X., Grosnick, D., Gupta, A., Guryn, W., Hamed, A., Han, Y., Harabasz, S., Harasty, M. D., Harris, J. W., Harrison, H., He, S., He, W., He, X. H., He, Y., Heppelmann, S., Herrmann, N., Hoffman, E., Holub, L., Hu, C., Hu, Q., Hu, Y., Huang, H., Huang, H. Z., Huang, S. L., Huang, T., Huang, X., Huang, Y., Humanic, T. J., Isenhower, D., Isshiki, M., Jacobs, W. W., Jena, C., Jentsch, A., Ji, Y., Jia, J., Jiang, K., Ju, X., Judd, E. G., Kabana, S., Kabir, M. L., Kagamaster, S., Kalinkin, D., Kang, K., Kapukchyan, D., Kauder, K., Ke, H. W., Keane, D., Kechechyan, A., Kelsey, M., Kikoła, D. P., Kimelman, B., Kincses, D., Kisel, I., Kiselev, A., Klein, S. R., Knospe, A. G., Ko, H. S., Kochenda, L., Korobitsin, A., Kosarzewski, L. K., Kramarik, L., Kravtsov, P., Kumar, L., Kumar, S., Elayavalli, R. Kunnawalkam, Kwasizur, J. H., Lacey, R., Lan, S., Landgraf, J. M., Lauret, J., Lebedev, A., Lednicky, R., Lee, J. H., Leung, Y. H., Lewis, N., Li, C., Li, W., Li, X., Li, Y., Liang, X., Liang, Y., Licenik, R., Lin, T., Lin, Y., Lisa, M. A., Liu, F., Liu, H., Liu, P., Liu, T., Liu, X., Liu, Y., Liu, Z., Ljubicic, T., Llope, W. J., Longacre, R. S., Loyd, E., Lu, T., Lukow, N. S., Luo, X. F., Ma, L., Ma, R., Ma, Y. G., Magdy, N., Mallick, D., Manukhov, S. L., Margetis, S., Markert, C., Matis, H. S., Mazer, J. A., Minaev, N. G., Mioduszewski, S., Mohanty, B., Mondal, M. M., Mooney, I., Morozov, D. A., Mukherjee, A., Nagy, M., Nam, J. D., Nasim, Md., Nayak, K., Neff, D., Nelson, J. M., Nemes, D. B., Nie, M., Nigmatkulov, G., Niida, T., Nishitani, R., Nogach, L. V., Nonaka, T., Nunes, A. S., Odyniec, G., Ogawa, A., Oh, S., Okorokov, V. A., Okubo, K., Page, B. S., Pak, R., Pan, J., Pandav, A., Pandey, A. K., Panebratsev, Y., Parfenov, P., Paul, A., Pawlik, B., Pawlowska, D., Perkins, C., Pluta, J., Pokhrel, B. R., Porter, J., Posik, M., Prozorova, V., Pruthi, N. K., Przybycien, M., Putschke, J., Qiu, H., Quintero, A., Racz, C., Radhakrishnan, S. K., Raha, N., Ray, R. L., Reed, R., Ritter, H. G., Robotkova, M., Romero, J. L., Roy, D., Ruan, L., Sahoo, A. K., Sahoo, N. R., Sako, H., Salur, S., Samigullin, E., Sandweiss, J., Sato, S., Schmidke, W. B., Schmitz, N., Schweid, B. R., Seck, F., Seger, J., Seto, R., Seyboth, P., Shah, N., Shahaliev, E., Shanmuganathan, P. V., Shao, M., Shao, T., Sharma, R., Sheikh, A. I., Shen, D. Y., Shi, S. S., Shi, Y., Shou, Q. Y., Sichtermann, E. P., Sikora, R., Singh, J., Singha, S., Sinha, P., Skoby, M. J., Smirnov, N., Söhngen, Y., Solyst, W., Song, Y., Spinka, H. M., Srivastava, B., Stanislaus, T. D. S., Stefaniak, M., Stewart, D. J., Strikhanov, M., Stringfellow, B., Suaide, A. A. P., Sumbera, M., Sun, X. M., Sun, X., Sun, Y., Surrow, B., Svirida, D. N., Sweger, Z. W., Szymanski, P., Tang, A. H., Tang, Z., Taranenko, A., Tarnowsky, T., Thomas, J. H., Timmins, A. R., Tlusty, D., Todoroki, T., Tokarev, M., Tomkiel, C. A., Trentalange, S., Tribble, R. E., Tribedy, P., Tripathy, S. K., Truhlar, T., Trzeciak, B. A., Tsai, O. D., Tu, Z., Ullrich, T., Underwood, D. G., Upsal, I., Van Buren, G., Vanek, J., Vasiliev, A. N., Vassiliev, I., Verkest, V., Videbæk, F., Vokal, S., Voloshin, S. A., Wang, F., Wang, G., Wang, J. S., Wang, P., Wang, X., Wang, Y., Wang, Z., Webb, J. C., Weidenkaff, P. C., Westfall, G. D., Wieman, H., Wissink, S. W., Witt, R., Wu, J., Wu, Y., Xi, B., Xiao, Z. G., Xie, G., Xie, W., Xu, H., Xu, N., Xu, Q. H., Xu, Y., Xu, Z., Yan, G., Yang, C., Yang, Q., Yang, S., Yang, Y., Ye, Z., Yi, L., Yip, K., Yu, Y., Zbroszczyk, H., Zha, W., Zhang, C., Zhang, D., Zhang, J., Zhang, S., Zhang, Y., Zhang, Z. J., Zhang, Z., Zhao, F., Zhao, J., Zhao, M., Zhou, C., Zhou, Y., Zhu, X., Zurek, M., and Zyzak, M.
Subjects: Nuclear Experiment, Nuclear Theory, Quantum Physics
Abstract: A linearly polarized photon can be quantized from the Lorentz-boosted electromagnetic field of a nucleus traveling at ultra-relativistic speed. When two relativistic heavy nuclei pass one another at a distance of a few nuclear radii, the photon from one nucleus may interact through a virtual quark-antiquark pair with gluons from the other nucleus forming a short-lived vector meson (e.g. ${\rho^0}$). In this experiment, the polarization was utilized in diffractive photoproduction to observe a unique spin interference pattern in the angular distribution of ${\rho^0\rightarrow\pi^+\pi^-}$ decays. The observed interference is a result of an overlap of two wave functions at a distance an order of magnitude larger than the ${\rho^0}$ travel distance within its lifetime. The strong-interaction nuclear radii were extracted from these diffractive interactions, and found to be $6.53\pm 0.06$ fm ($^{197} {\rm Au }$) and $7.29\pm 0.08$ fm ($^{238} {\rm U}$), larger than the nuclear charge radii. The observable is demonstrated to be sensitive to the nuclear geometry and quantum interference of non-identical particles.
Published: 2022
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26. Centrality and transverse momentum dependence of higher-order flow harmonics of identified hadrons in Au+Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\rm NN}}$ = 200 GeV

Author: STAR Collaboration, Abdallah, M. S., Aboona, B. E., Adam, J., Adamczyk, L., Adams, J. R., Adkins, J. K., Agakishiev, G., Aggarwal, I., Aggarwal, M. M., Ahammed, Z., Aitbaev, A., Alekseev, I., Anderson, D. M., Aparin, A., Aschenauer, E. C., Ashraf, M. U., Atetalla, F. G., Averichev, G. S., Bairathi, V., Baker, W., Cap, J. G. Ball, Barish, K., Behera, A., Bellwied, R., Bhagat, P., Bhasin, A., Bielcik, J., Bielcikova, J., Bordyuzhin, I. G., Brandenburg, J. D., Brandin, A. V., Cai, X. Z., Caines, H., Sánchez, M. Calderón de la Barca, Cebra, D., Chakaberia, I., Chaloupka, P., Chan, B. K., Chang, F-H., Chang, Z., Chatterjee, A., Chattopadhyay, S., Chen, D., Chen, J., Chen, J. H., Chen, X., Chen, Z., Cheng, J., Choudhury, S., Christie, W., Chu, X., Crawford, H. J., Csanád, M., Daugherity, M., Dedovich, T. G., Deppner, I. M., Derevschikov, A. A., Dhamija, A., Di Carlo, L., Didenko, L., Dixit, P., Dong, X., Drachenberg, J. L., Duckworth, E., Dunlop, J. C., Engelage, J., Eppley, G., Esumi, S., Evdokimov, O., Ewigleben, A., Eyser, O., Fatemi, R., Fawzi, F. M., Fazio, S., Feng, C. J., Feng, Y., Finch, E., Fisyak, Y., Francisco, A., Fu, C., Gagliardi, C. A., Galatyuk, T., Geurts, F., Ghimire, N., Gibson, A., Gopal, K., Gou, X., Grosnick, D., Gupta, A., Guryn, W., Hamed, A., Han, Y., Harabasz, S., Harasty, M. D., Harris, J. W., Harrison, H., He, S., He, W., He, X. H., He, Y., Heppelmann, S., Herrmann, N., Hoffman, E., Holub, L., Hu, C., Hu, Q., Hu, Y., Huang, H., Huang, H. Z., Huang, S. L., Huang, T., Huang, X., Huang, Y., Humanic, T. J., Isenhower, D., Isshiki, M., Jacobs, W. W., Jena, C., Jentsch, A., Ji, Y., Jia, J., Jiang, K., Ju, X., Judd, E. G., Kabana, S., Kabir, M. L., Kagamaster, S., Kalinkin, D., Kang, K., Kapukchyan, D., Kauder, K., Ke, H. W., Keane, D., Kechechyan, A., Kelsey, M., Khyzhniak, Y. V., Kikoła, D. P., Kimelman, B., Kincses, D., Kisel, I., Kiselev, A., Knospe, A. G., Ko, H. S., Kochenda, L., Korobitsin, A., Kosarzewski, L. K., Kramarik, L., Kravtsov, P., Kumar, L., Kumar, S., Elayavalli, R. Kunnawalkam, Kwasizur, J. H., Lacey, R., Lan, S., Landgraf, J. M., Lauret, J., Lebedev, A., Lednicky, R., Lee, J. H., Leung, Y. H., Lewis, N., Li, C., Li, W., Li, X., Li, Y., Liang, X., Liang, Y., Licenik, R., Lin, T., Lin, Y., Lisa, M. A., Liu, F., Liu, H., Liu, P., Liu, T., Liu, X., Liu, Y., Liu, Z., Ljubicic, T., Llope, W. J., Longacre, R. S., Loyd, E., Lu, T., Lukow, N. S., Luo, X. F., Ma, L., Ma, R., Ma, Y. G., Magdy, N., Mallick, D., Manukhov, S. L., Margetis, S., Markert, C., Matis, H. S., Mazer, J. A., Minaev, N. G., Mioduszewski, S., Mohanty, B., Mondal, M. M., Mooney, I., Morozov, D. A., Mukherjee, A., Nagy, M., Nam, J. D., Nasim, Md., Nayak, K., Neff, D., Nelson, J. M., Nemes, D. B., Nie, M., Nigmatkulov, G., Niida, T., Nishitani, R., Nogach, L. V., Nonaka, T., Nunes, A. S., Odyniec, G., Ogawa, A., Oh, S., Okorokov, V. A., Okubo, K., Page, B. S., Pak, R., Pan, J., Pandav, A., Pandey, A. K., Panebratsev, Y., Parfenov, P., Paul, A., Pawlik, B., Pawlowska, D., Perkins, C., Pluta, J., Pokhrel, B. R., Porter, J., Posik, M., Prozorova, V., Pruthi, N. K., Przybycien, M., Putschke, J., Qiu, H., Quintero, A., Racz, C., Radhakrishnan, S. K., Raha, N., Ray, R. L., Reed, R., Ritter, H. G., Robotkova, M., Rogachevskiy, O. V., Romero, J. L., Roy, D., Ruan, L., Sahoo, A. K., Sahoo, N. R., Sako, H., Salur, S., Samigullin, E., Sandweiss, J., Sato, S., Schmah, A. M., Schmidke, W. B., Schmitz, N., Schweid, B. R., Seck, F., Seger, J., Seto, R., Seyboth, P., Shah, N., Shahaliev, E., Shanmuganathan, P. V., Shao, M., Shao, T., Sharma, R., Sheikh, A. I., Shen, D. Y., Shi, S. S., Shi, Y., Shou, Q. Y., Sichtermann, E. P., Sikora, R., Singh, J., Singha, S., Sinha, P., Skoby, M. J., Smirnov, N., Söhngen, Y., Solyst, W., Song, Y., Spinka, H. M., Srivastava, B., Stanislaus, T. D. S., Stefaniak, M., Stewart, D. J., Strikhanov, M., Stringfellow, B., Suaide, A. A. P., Sumbera, M., Summa, B., Sun, X. M., Sun, X., Sun, Y., Surrow, B., Svirida, D. N., Sweger, Z. W., Szymanski, P., Tang, A. H., Tang, Z., Taranenko, A., Tarnowsky, T., Thomas, J. H., Timmins, A. R., Tlusty, D., Todoroki, T., Tokarev, M., Tomkiel, C. A., Trentalange, S., Tribble, R. E., Tribedy, P., Tripathy, S. K., Truhlar, T., Trzeciak, B. A., Tsai, O. D., Tu, Z., Ullrich, T., Underwood, D. G., Upsal, I., Van Buren, G., Vanek, J., Vasiliev, A. N., Vassiliev, I., Verkest, V., Videbæk, F., Vokal, S., Voloshin, S. A., Wang, F., Wang, G., Wang, J. S., Wang, P., Wang, X., Wang, Y., Wang, Z., Webb, J. C., Weidenkaff, P. C., Westfall, G. D., Wieman, H., Wissink, S. W., Witt, R., Wu, J., Wu, Y., Xi, B., Xiao, Z. G., Xie, G., Xie, W., Xu, H., Xu, N., Xu, Q. H., Xu, Y., Xu, Z., Yan, G., Yang, C., Yang, Q., Yang, S., Yang, Y., Ye, Z., Yi, L., Yip, K., Yu, Y., Zbroszczyk, H., Zha, W., Zhang, C., Zhang, D., Zhang, J., Zhang, S., Zhang, Y., Zhang, Z. J., Zhang, Z., Zhao, F., Zhao, J., Zhao, M., Zhou, C., Zhou, Y., Zhu, X., Zurek, M., and Zyzak, M.
Subjects: Nuclear Experiment
Abstract: We present high-precision measurements of elliptic, triangular, and quadrangular flow $v_{2}$, $v_{3}$, and $v_{4}$, respectively, at midrapidity ($|\eta|<1.0$) for identified hadrons $\pi$, $p$, $K$, $\varphi$, $K_s$, $\Lambda$ as a function of centrality and transverse momentum in Au+Au collisions at the center-of-mass energy $\sqrt{s_{\rm NN}}=$ 200 GeV. We observe similar $v_{n}$ trends between light and strange mesons which indicates that the heavier strange quarks flow as strongly as the lighter up and down quarks. The number-of-constituent-quark scaling for $v_{2}$, $v_{3}$, and $v_{4}$ is found to hold within statistical uncertainty for 0-10$\%$, 10-40$\%$ and 40-80$\%$ collision centrality intervals. The results are compared to several viscous hydrodynamic calculations with varying initial conditions, and could serve as an additional constraint to the development of hydrodynamic models., Comment: 15 pages, 11 figures, submitted for publication
Published: 2022

27. Status and initial physics performance studies of the MPD experiment at NICA

Author: MPD Collaboration, Abgaryan, V., Kado, R. Acevedo, Afanasyev, S. V., Agakishiev, G. N., Alpatov, E., Altsybeev, G., Hernández, M. Alvarado, Andreeva, S. V., Andreeva, T. V., Andronov, E. V., Anfimov, N. V., Aparin, A. A., Astakhov, V. I., Atkin, E., Aushev, T., Averichev, G. S., Averyanov, A. V., Ayala, A., Babkin, V. A., Babutsidze, T., Balashov, I. A., Bancer, A., Barabanov, M. Yu., Baranov, D. A., Baranova, N., Barbashina, N., Baskakov, A. E., Batyuk, P. N., Bazhazhin, A. G., Baznat, D., Baznat, M., Bazylev, S. N., Beltran, L. G. E., Belyaev, A. V., Belyaev, S. E., Belyaeva, E. V., Benda, V., Bielewicz, M., Bietenholz, W., Blaschke, D., Blau, D., Bogdanova, G., Bogoslovsky, D. N., Boguslavsky, I. V., Boos, E., Botvina, A., Bravina, L., Bulychjov, S. A., Buryakov, M. G., Butenko, A. V., Butorin, A. V., Buzin, S. G., Bychkov, A., Bychkov, A. V., Cabellero, R. R., Arciniega, D. Chaires, Chalyshev, V. V., Chen, W., Chen, Z., Cheplakova, V. A., Chepurnov, V. F., Chepurnov, V. V., Cheremnova, M., Cheremukhina, G. A., Chlad, L., Chudoba, P., Chumakov, P. V., Cuautle, E., Czarnynoga, M., Dabrowska, B., Dąbrowski, D., Demanov, A., Dementyev, D. V., Deng, Z., Dmitriev, A. V., Dodokhov, V. Kh., Dolbilina, E. V., Dolbilov, A. G., Domínguez, I., Dominik, W., Donets, D. E., Dronik, V., Dubrovin, A. Yu., Dudziński, A., Dulov, P., Dunin, N. V., Dunin, V. B., Dyatlov, V., Dydyshko, V. F., Efremov, A. A., Egorov, D. S., Elsha, V. V., Emelyanov, A. E., Emelyanov, N. E., Ermakova, V. G., Eyyubova, G., Fang, D., Fateev, O. V., Fedin, O., Fedotov, Yu. I., Fedyunin, A. A., Feng, C., Feng, S., Feofilov, G. A., Filippov, I. A., Fischer, T., Formenko, K., Gaganova, M. A., Gandzhelashvili, T. T., Gavrishchuk, O. P., Geraksiev, N., Gerasimov, S. E., Gertsenberger, K. V., Golosov, O., Golovatyuk, V. M., Golubeva, M., Goncharov, I., Gorbunov, N. V., Grabowski, M., Grodzicka-Kobyłka, M., Grodzicki, K., Grzyb, J., Guber, F., Guirado, A., Guskov, A. V., Guzey, V., He, W., Rosas, L. A. Hernández, Huang, M., Huang, Y., Idczak, R., Idrisov, D., Igolkin, S. N., Ilieva, M., Isupov, A. Yu., Ivanishchev, D., Ivanov, A. V., Ivanytskyi, O., Ivashkin, A., Izvestnyy, A., Jaworska, E., Jiao, J., Kadochnikov, I., Kakurin, S. I., Kankiewicz, P., Kapishin, M. N., Karmanov, D., Karpushkin, N., Kartashova, L. A., Kashirin, E., Kasprowicz, G., Kasumov, Yu., Kechechyan, A. O., Kekelidze, G. D., Kekelidze, V. D., Khanzadeev, A., Kharlamov, P., Khilinova, O. A., Khodzhibagiyan, G. G., Khosravi, N., Khvorostukhin, A., Khyzhniak, Y., Kikvadze, V., Kireyeu, V. A., Kiryushin, Yu. T., Kiryutin, I. S., Kisiel, A., Klyuev, A., Klyukhin, V., Kochenda, L., Kodolova, O., Kolesnikov, V. I., Kolozhvari, A., Komarov, V. G., Kondratiev, V. P., Korolev, M., Korotkikh, V., Kotov, D., Kovalenko, S., Kovalenko, V. N., Kowalski, S., Kozlenko, N. A., Krakowiak, M., Kramarenko, V. A., Krasnova, L. M., Kravchov, P., Krechetov, Yu. F., Kruglova, I. V., Krylov, A. V., Krylov, V., Kryshen, E., Kryukov, A., Kubankin, A., Kugler, A., Kuich, M., Kukarnikov, S. I., Kuklin, S. N., Kukulin, V., Kuleshov, S., Kulikov, E. A., Kulikov, V. V., Kurepin, A., Kushpil, S., Kuzmin, V. S., Kvita, J., Lanskoy, D., Lashmanov, N. A., Ławryńczuk, M., Lazareva, T. V., Lednicky, R., Li, S., Li, Z., Litvinenko, A. G, Litvinenko, E. I., Litvinova, G. N., Liu, D., Liu, F., Livanov, A. N., Lobanov, V. I., Lobanov, Yu. Yu., Lobastov, S. P., Lokhtin, I., Lu, P., Lukstinsh, Yu. R., Luong, B. V., Łysakowski, B., Ma, Y., Machavariani, A., Madigozhin, D. T., Maksiak, B., Maksimenkova, V. I., Malakhov, A. I., Malayev, M., Maldonado, I., Maldonado, J. C., Malikov, I. V., Malinina, L., Maltsev, N. A., Maria, N. V., Shopova, M., Martemianov, M. A., Maslan, M., Matsyuk, M. A., Matulewicz, T., Melnikov, D. G., Merkin, M., Merts, S. P., Meshkov, I. N., Mianowski, S., Migulina, I. I., Mikhaylov, K. R., Milewicz-Zalewska, M., Minaev, Yu. I., Molokanova, N. A., Moreno-Barbosa, E., Morozov, S., Moshkin, A. A., Moshkovsky, I. V., Moskovsky, A. E., Movchan, S. A., Mudrokh, A. A., Mukhin, K. A., Murin, Yu. A., Musul'manbekov, Zh. Zh., Myalkovsky, V. V., Myktybekov, D., Paredes, L. L. Narvaez, Nauruzbaev, D. K., Nazarova, E. N., Nechaevsky, A. V., Nesterov, D. G., Nie, M., Nieto-Marín, P. A., Nigmatkulov, G., Nikitin, V. A., Nioradze, M., Niu, X., Nowak, W., Nozka, L., Oleks, I. A., Olshevsky, A. G., Orlov, O. E., Parfenov, P., Parzhitsky, S. S., Patiño, M. E., Pavlyukevich, V. A., Penkin, V. A., Peresedov, V. F., Peresunko, D., Peshekhonov, D. V., Petrov, V. A., Petrushanko, S., Petukhov, O., Piasecki, K., Pichugina, D. V., Piloyan, A., Pilyar, A. V., Piyadin, S. M., Plamowski, S., Platonova, M., Pluta, J., Potanina, A. E., Potrebenikov, Yu. K., Poźniak, K., Prokhorova, D. S., Prokofiev, N. A., Protoklitow, F., Prozorov, A., Pszczel, D., Puchkov, A. M, Pukhaeva, N., Puławski, S., Rakhmatullina, A. R., Herrera, L. F. Rebolledo, Reyna-Ortiz, V. Z., Riabov, V., Riabov, Yu., Ridinger, N. O., Rikhvitsky, V., Rodriguez-Cahuantzi, M., Rogachevsky, O. V., Rogov, V. Yu., Rokita, P., Romanenko, G., Romaniuk, R., Romanova, A., Rosłon, K., Rossler, T., Calderon, E. F. Rozas, Rufanov, I. A., Rumyantsev, M. M., Rustamov, A., Rybakov, A. A., Rybczyński, M., Rybka, D., Rymshina, A. A., Rzadkiewicz, J., Sadygov, Z. Ya. -O., Samsonov, V. A., Sandul, V. S., Sattarov, R., Savenkov, A. A., Schmidt, K., Seballos, S. S., Sedykh, S. A., Selyuzhenkov, I., Semchukova, T. V., Semenov, A. Yu., Semenova, I. A., Sergeev, S. V., Sergeeva, N. A., Serochkin, E. V., Seryakov, A. Yu., Shabunov, A. V., Shanidze, R., Shcheglova, L., Shchinov, B. G., Shen, C., Shen, Y., Sherbakov, A. N., Sheremetyev, A. D., Sheremetyeva, A. I., Shindin, R. A., Shipunov, A. V., Shitenkov, M. O., Shtejer, D. K., Shukla, U., Shunko, A. A., Shutov, A. V., Shutov, V. B., Sidorin, A. O., Skwira-Chalot, I., Slepnev, I. V., Slepnev, V. M., Slepov, I. P., Solnyshkin, Yu. A., Solomin, A., Solovyeva, T., Sorin, A. S., Starecki, T., Stefanek, G., Stepaniak, J., Streletskaya, E. A., Strikhanov, M., Strizh, T. A., Strizhak, A., Sukhov, N. V., Sukhovarov, S. I., Sun, X., Surkov, N. N., Suvarieva, D., Svalov, V. L., Świderski, L., Syntfeld-Każuch, A., Szcześniak, T., Szewiński, J., Tang, Z., Taranenko, A., Tarasov, N. A., Tcholakov, V., Tejeda-Muñoz, G., Tejeda-Yeomans, M. E., Terletskiy, A. V., Teryaev, O. V., Tikhomirov, V. V., Timoshenko, A. A., Tkachev, G. P., Toneev, V. D., Topilin, N. D., Traczyk, T., Tretyakova, T., Trubnikov, A. V., Trubnikov, G. V., Tyapkin, I. A., Udovenko, S. Yu., Poblete, P. A. Ulloa, Urbaniak, M., Urumov, V., Valenzuela-Cazares, L., Valiev, F. F., Vasendina, V. A., Vasiliev, I. N., Vasilyev, A., Vechernin, V. V., Vereshchagin, S. V., Vladimirova, N. N., Vlasov, N. V., Vodopyanov, A. S., Vokhmyanina, K., Volkov, V., Volodina, O. A., Voronin, A. A., Voronyuk, V., Wang, F., Wang, J., Wang, X., Wang, Y., Wieczorek, P., Wielanek, D., Włodarczyk, Z., Wójcik, K., Wu, K., Xiao, Z., Xu, Q., Yang, C., Yang, H., Yang, Q., Yarygin, G. A., Yordanova, L., Yu, T., Yuan, Z., Yurevich, V. I., Zabołotny, W., Zabrodin, E., Zaitseva, M. V., Saa, J. A. Zamora, Zamyatin, N. I., Zaporozhets, S. A., Zarochentsev, A. K., Zepeda-Fernández, C. H., Zha, W., Zhalov, M., Zhang, Y., Zhang, Z., Zhao, C., Zherebchevsky, V. I., Zhezher, V. N., Zhong, C., Zhou, W., Zhu, X., Zinchenko, A. I., and Zinchenko, D. A.
Subjects: Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, High Energy Physics - Experiment, Nuclear Experiment, Nuclear Theory
Abstract: The Nuclotron-base Ion Collider fAcility (NICA) is under construction at the Joint Institute for Nuclear Research (JINR), with commissioning of the facility expected in late 2022. The Multi-Purpose Detector (MPD) has been designed to operate at NICA and its components are currently in production. The detector is expected to be ready for data taking with the first beams from NICA. This document provides an overview of the landscape of the investigation of the QCD phase diagram in the region of maximum baryonic density, where NICA and MPD will be able to provide significant and unique input. It also provides a detailed description of the MPD set-up, including its various subsystems as well as its support and computing infrastructures. Selected performance studies for particular physics measurements at MPD are presented and discussed in the context of existing data and theoretical expectations., Comment: 53 pages, 68 figures, submitted as a Review article to EPJA
Published: 2022
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28. Collision-System and Beam-Energy Dependence of Anisotropic Flow Fluctuations

Author: STAR Collaboration, Abdallah, M. S., Adam, J., Adamczyk, L., Adams, J. R., Adkins, J. K., Agakishiev, G., Aggarwal, I., Aggarwal, M. M., Ahammed, Z., Alekseev, I., Anderson, D. M., Aparin, A., Aschenauer, E. C., Ashraf, M. U., Atetalla, F. G., Attri, A., Averichev, G. S., Bairathi, V., Baker, W., Cap, J. G. Ball, Barish, K., Behera, A., Bellwied, R., Bhagat, P., Bhasin, A., Bielcik, J., Bielcikova, J., Bordyuzhin, I. G., Brandenburg, J. D., Brandin, A. V., Bunzarov, I., Butterworth, J., Cai, X. Z., Caines, H., Sánchez, M. Calderón de la Barca, Cebra, D., Chakaberia, I., Chaloupka, P., Chan, B. K., Chang, F-H., Chang, Z., Chankova-Bunzarova, N., Chatterjee, A., Chattopadhyay, S., Chen, D., Chen, J., Chen, J. H., Chen, X., Chen, Z., Cheng, J., Chevalier, M., Choudhury, S., Christie, W., Chu, X., Crawford, H. J., Csanád, M., Daugherity, M., Dedovich, T. G., Deppner, I. M., Derevschikov, A. A., Dhamija, A., Di Carlo, L., Didenko, L., Dixit, P., Dong, X., Drachenberg, J. L., Duckworth, E., Dunlop, J. C., Elsey, N., Engelage, J., Eppley, G., Esumi, S., Evdokimov, O., Ewigleben, A., Eyser, O., Fatemi, R., Fawzi, F. M., Fazio, S., Federic, P., Fedorisin, J., Feng, C. J., Feng, Y., Filip, P., Finch, E., Fisyak, Y., Francisco, A., Fu, C., Fulek, L., Gagliardi, C. A., Galatyuk, T., Geurts, F., Ghimire, N., Gibson, A., Gopal, K., Gou, X., Grosnick, D., Gupta, A., Guryn, W., Hamad, A. I., Hamed, A., Han, Y., Harabasz, S., Harasty, M. D., Harris, J. W., Harrison, H., He, S., He, W., He, X. H., He, Y., Heppelmann, S., Herrmann, N., Hoffman, E., Holub, L., Hu, Y., Huang, H., Huang, H. Z., Huang, S. L., Huang, T., Huang, X., Huang, Y., Humanic, T. J., Igo, G., Isenhower, D., Jacobs, W. W., Jena, C., Jentsch, A., Ji, Y., Jia, J., Jiang, K., Ju, X., Judd, E. G., Kabana, S., Kabir, M. L., Kagamaster, S., Kalinkin, D., Kang, K., Kapukchyan, D., Kauder, K., Ke, H. W., Keane, D., Kechechyan, A., Kelsey, M., Khyzhniak, Y. V., Kikoła, D. P., Kim, C., Kimelman, B., Kincses, D., Kisel, I., Kiselev, A., Knospe, A. G., Kochenda, L., Kosarzewski, L. K., Kramarik, L., Kravtsov, P., Kumar, L., Kumar, S., Elayavalli, R. Kunnawalkam, Kwasizur, J. H., Lacey, R., Lan, S., Landgraf, J. M., Lauret, J., Lebedev, A., Lednicky, R., Lee, J. H., Leung, Y. H., Li, C., Li, W., Li, X., Li, Y., Liang, X., Liang, Y., Licenik, R., Lin, T., Lin, Y., Lisa, M. A., Liu, F., Liu, H., Liu, P., Liu, T., Liu, X., Liu, Y., Liu, Z., Ljubicic, T., Llope, W. J., Longacre, R. S., Loyd, E., Lukow, N. S., Luo, X. F., Ma, L., Ma, R., Ma, Y. G., Magdy, N., Mallick, D., Margetis, S., Markert, C., Matis, H. S., Mazer, J. A., Minaev, N. G., Mioduszewski, S., Mohanty, B., Mondal, M. M., Mooney, I., Morozov, D. A., Mukherjee, A., Nagy, M., Nam, J. D., Nasim, Md., Nayak, K., Neff, D., Nelson, J. M., Nemes, D. B., Nie, M., Nigmatkulov, G., Niida, T., Nishitani, R., Nogach, L. V., Nonaka, T., Nunes, A. S., Odyniec, G., Ogawa, A., Oh, S., Okorokov, V. A., Page, B. S., Pak, R., Pandav, A., Pandey, A. K., Panebratsev, Y., Parfenov, P., Pawlik, B., Pawlowska, D., Pei, H., Perkins, C., Pinsky, L., Pintér, R. L., Pluta, J., Pokhrel, B. R., Ponimatkin, G., Porter, J., Posik, M., Prozorova, V., Pruthi, N. K., Przybycien, M., Putschke, J., Qiu, H., Quintero, A., Racz, C., Radhakrishnan, S. K., Raha, N., Ray, R. L., Reed, R., Ritter, H. G., Robotkova, M., Rogachevskiy, O. V., Romero, J. L., Roy, D., Ruan, L., Rusnak, J., Sahoo, N. R., Sako, H., Salur, S., Sandweiss, J., Sato, S., Schmidke, W. B., Schmitz, N., Schweid, B. R., Seck, F., Seger, J., Sergeeva, M., Seto, R., Seyboth, P., Shah, N., Shahaliev, E., Shanmuganathan, P. V., Shao, M., Shao, T., Sheikh, A. I., Shen, D., Shi, S. S., Shi, Y., Shou, Q. Y., Sichtermann, E. P., Sikora, R., Simko, M., Singh, J., Singha, S., Skoby, M. J., Smirnov, N., Söhngen, Y., Solyst, W., Sorensen, P., Spinka, H. M., Srivastava, B., Stanislaus, T. D. S., Stefaniak, M., Stewart, D. J., Strikhanov, M., Stringfellow, B., Suaide, A. A. P., Sumbera, M., Summa, B., Sun, X. M., Sun, X., Sun, Y., Surrow, B., Svirida, D. N., Sweger, Z. W., Szymanski, P., Tang, A. H., Tang, Z., Taranenko, A., Tarnowsky, T., Thomas, J. H., Timmins, A. R., Tlusty, D., Todoroki, T., Tokarev, M., Tomkiel, C. A., Trentalange, S., Tribble, R. E., Tribedy, P., Tripathy, S. K., Truhlar, T., Trzeciak, B. A., Tsai, O. D., Tu, Z., Ullrich, T., Underwood, D. G., Upsal, I., Van Buren, G., Vanek, J., Vasiliev, A. N., Vassiliev, I., Verkest, V., Videbæk, F., Vokal, S., Voloshin, S. A., Wang, G., Wang, J. S., Wang, P., Wang, Y., Wang, Z., Webb, J. C., Weidenkaff, P. C., Wen, L., Westfall, G. D., Wieman, H., Wissink, S. W., Wu, J., Wu, Y., Xi, B., Xiao, Z. G., Xie, G., Xie, W., Xu, H., Xu, N., Xu, Q. H., Xu, Y., Xu, Z., Yang, C., Yang, Q., Yang, S., Yang, Y., Ye, Z., Yi, L., Yip, K., Yu, Y., Zbroszczyk, H., Zha, W., Zhang, C., Zhang, D., Zhang, J., Zhang, S., Zhang, X. P., Zhang, Y., Zhang, Z. J., Zhang, Z., Zhao, J., Zhou, C., Zhu, X., Zhu, Z., Zurek, M., and Zyzak, M.
Subjects: Nuclear Experiment
Abstract: Elliptic flow measurements from two-, four- and six-particle correlations are used to investigate flow fluctuations in collisions of U+U at $\sqrt{s_{\rm NN}}$= 193 GeV, Cu+Au at $\sqrt{s_{\rm NN}}$= 200 GeV and Au+Au spanning the range $\sqrt{s_{\rm NN}}$= 11.5 - 200 GeV. The measurements show a strong dependence of the flow fluctuations on collision centrality, a modest dependence on system size, and very little if any, dependence on particle species and beam energy. The results, when compared to similar LHC measurements, viscous hydrodynamic calculations, and T$\mathrel{\protect\raisebox{-2.1pt}{R}}$ENTo model eccentricities, indicate that initial-state-driven fluctuations predominate the flow fluctuations generated in the collisions studied., Comment: 9 pages, 4 figures
Published: 2022
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29. Light Nuclei Collectivity from $\sqrt{s_{\rm NN}}$ = 3 GeV Au+Au Collisions at RHIC

Author: STAR Collaboration, Abdallah, M. S., Aboona, B. E., Adam, J., Adamczyk, L., Adams, J. R., Adkins, J. K., Agakishiev, G., Aggarwal, I., Aggarwal, M. M., Ahammed, Z., Aitbaev, A., Alekseev, I., Anderson, D. M., Aparin, A., Aschenauer, E. C., Ashraf, M. U., Atetalla, F. G., Averichev, G. S., Bairathi, V., Baker, W., Cap, J. G. Ball, Barish, K., Behera, A., Bellwied, R., Bhagat, P., Bhasin, A., Bielcik, J., Bielcikova, J., Bordyuzhin, I. G., Brandenburg, J. D., Brandin, A. V., Cai, X. Z., Caines, H., Sánchez, M. Calderón de la Barca, Cebra, D., Chakaberia, I., Chaloupka, P., Chan, B. K., Chang, F-H., Chang, Z., Chatterjee, A., Chattopadhyay, S., Chen, D., Chen, J., Chen, J. H., Chen, X., Chen, Z., Cheng, J., Choudhury, S., Christie, W., Chu, X., Crawford, H. J., Csanád, M., Daugherity, M., Dedovich, T. G., Deppner, I. M., Derevschikov, A. A., Dhamija, A., Di Carlo, L., Didenko, L., Dixit, P., Dong, X., Drachenberg, J. L., Duckworth, E., Dunlop, J. C., Engelage, J., Eppley, G., Esumi, S., Evdokimov, O., Ewigleben, A., Eyser, O., Fatemi, R., Fawzi, F. M., Fazio, S., Feng, C. J., Feng, Y., Finch, E., Fisyak, Y., Francisco, A., Fu, C., Gagliardi, C. A., Galatyuk, T., Geurts, F., Ghimire, N., Gibson, A., Gopal, K., Gou, X., Grosnick, D., Gupta, A., Guryn, W., Hamed, A., Han, Y., Harabasz, S., Harasty, M. D., Harris, J. W., Harrison, H., He, S., He, W., He, X. H., He, Y., Heppelmann, S., Herrmann, N., Hoffman, E., Holub, L., Hu, C., Hu, Q., Hu, Y., Huang, H., Huang, H. Z., Huang, S. L., Huang, T., Huang, X., Huang, Y., Humanic, T. J., Isenhower, D., Isshiki, M., Jacobs, W. W., Jena, C., Jentsch, A., Ji, Y., Jia, J., Jiang, K., Ju, X., Judd, E. G., Kabana, S., Kabir, M. L., Kagamaster, S., Kalinkin, D., Kang, K., Kapukchyan, D., Kauder, K., Ke, H. W., Keane, D., Kechechyan, A., Kelsey, M., Khyzhniak, Y. V., Kikoła, D. P., Kimelman, B., Kincses, D., Kisel, I., Kiselev, A., Knospe, A. G., Ko, H. S., Kochenda, L., Korobitsin, A., Kosarzewski, L. K., Kramarik, L., Kravtsov, P., Kumar, L., Kumar, S., Elayavalli, R. Kunnawalkam, Kwasizur, J. H., Lacey, R., Lan, S., Landgraf, J. M., Lauret, J., Lebedev, A., Lednicky, R., Lee, J. H., Leung, Y. H., Lewis, N., Li, C., Li, W., Li, X., Li, Y., Liang, X., Liang, Y., Licenik, R., Lin, T., Lin, Y., Lisa, M. A., Liu, F., Liu, H., Liu, P., Liu, T., Liu, X., Liu, Y., Liu, Z., Ljubicic, T., Llope, W. J., Longacre, R. S., Loyd, E., Lu, T., Lukow, N. S., Luo, X. F., Ma, L., Ma, R., Ma, Y. G., Magdy, N., Mallick, D., Manukhov, S. L., Margetis, S., Markert, C., Matis, H. S., Mazer, J. A., Minaev, N. G., Mioduszewski, S., Mohanty, B., Mondal, M. M., Mooney, I., Morozov, D. A., Mukherjee, A., Nagy, M., Nam, J. D., Nasim, Md., Nayak, K., Neff, D., Nelson, J. M., Nemes, D. B., Nie, M., Nigmatkulov, G., Niida, T., Nishitani, R., Nogach, L. V., Nonaka, T., Nunes, A. S., Odyniec, G., Ogawa, A., Oh, S., Okorokov, V. A., Okubo, K., Page, B. S., Pak, R., Pan, J., Pandav, A., Pandey, A. K., Panebratsev, Y., Parfenov, P., Paul, A., Pawlik, B., Pawlowska, D., Perkins, C., Pinsky, L. S., Pluta, J., Pokhrel, B. R., Porter, J., Posik, M., Prozorova, V., Pruthi, N. K., Przybycien, M., Putschke, J., Qiu, H., Quintero, A., Racz, C., Radhakrishnan, S. K., Raha, N., Ray, R. L., Reed, R., Ritter, H. G., Robotkova, M., Rogachevskiy, O. V., Romero, J. L., Roy, D., Ruan, L., Sahoo, A. K., Sahoo, N. R., Sako, H., Salur, S., Samigullin, E., Sandweiss, J., Sato, S., Schmidke, W. B., Schmitz, N., Schweid, B. R., Seck, F., Seger, J., Seto, R., Seyboth, P., Shah, N., Shahaliev, E., Shanmuganathan, P. V., Shao, M., Shao, T., Sharma, R., Sheikh, A. I., Shen, D. Y., Shi, S. S., Shi, Y., Shou, Q. Y., Sichtermann, E. P., Sikora, R., Singh, J., Singha, S., Sinha, P., Skoby, M. J., Smirnov, N., Söhngen, Y., Solyst, W., Song, Y., Spinka, H. M., Srivastava, B., Stanislaus, T. D. S., Stefaniak, M., Stewart, D. J., Strikhanov, M., Stringfellow, B., Suaide, A. A. P., Sumbera, M., Summa, B., Sun, X. M., Sun, X., Sun, Y., Surrow, B., Svirida, D. N., Sweger, Z. W., Szymanski, P., Tang, A. H., Tang, Z., Taranenko, A., Tarnowsky, T., Thomas, J. H., Timmins, A. R., Tlusty, D., Todoroki, T., Tokarev, M., Tomkiel, C. A., Trentalange, S., Tribble, R. E., Tribedy, P., Tripathy, S. K., Truhlar, T., Trzeciak, B. A., Tsai, O. D., Tu, Z., Ullrich, T., Underwood, D. G., Upsal, I., Van Buren, G., Vanek, J., Vasiliev, A. N., Vassiliev, I., Verkest, V., Videbæk, F., Vokal, S., Voloshin, S. A., Wang, F., Wang, G., Wang, J. S., Wang, P., Wang, X., Wang, Y., Wang, Z., Webb, J. C., Weidenkaff, P. C., Westfall, G. D., Wieman, H., Wissink, S. W., Witt, R., Wu, J., Wu, Y., Xi, B., Xiao, Z. G., Xie, G., Xie, W., Xu, H., Xu, N., Xu, Q. H., Xu, Y., Xu, Z., Yan, G., Yang, C., Yang, Q., Yang, S., Yang, Y., Ye, Z., Yi, L., Yip, K., Yu, Y., Zbroszczyk, H., Zha, W., Zhang, C., Zhang, D., Zhang, J., Zhang, S., Zhang, Y., Zhang, Z. J., Zhang, Z., Zhao, F., Zhao, J., Zhao, M., Zhou, C., Zhou, Y., Zhu, X., Zurek, M., and Zyzak, M.
Subjects: Nuclear Experiment
Abstract: In high-energy heavy-ion collisions, partonic collectivity is evidenced by the constituent quark number scaling of elliptic flow anisotropy for identified hadrons. A breaking of this scaling and dominance of baryonic interactions is found for identified hadron collective flow measurements in $\sqrt{s_{\rm NN}}$ = 3 GeV Au+Au collisions. In this paper, we report measurements of the first- and second-order azimuthal anisotropic parameters, $v_1$ and $v_2$, of light nuclei ($d$, $t$, $^{3}$He, $^{4}$He) produced in $\sqrt{s_{\rm NN}}$ = 3 GeV Au+Au collisions at the STAR experiment. An atomic mass number scaling is found in the measured $v_1$ slopes of light nuclei at mid-rapidity. For the measured $v_2$ magnitude, a strong rapidity dependence is observed. Unlike $v_2$ at higher collision energies, the $v_2$ values at mid-rapidity for all light nuclei are negative and no scaling is observed with the atomic mass number. Calculations by the Jet AA Microscopic Transport Model (JAM), with baryonic mean-field plus nucleon coalescence, are in good agreement with our observations, implying baryonic interactions dominate the collective dynamics in 3 GeV Au+Au collisions at RHIC.
Published: 2021
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30. Measurements of Proton High Order Cumulants in 3 GeV Au+Au Collisions and Implications for the QCD Critical Point

Author: STAR Collaboration, Abdallah, M. S., Aboona, B. E., Adam, J., Adamczyk, L., Adams, J. R., Adkins, J. K., Agakishiev, G., Aggarwal, I., Aggarwal, M. M., Ahammed, Z., Alekseev, I., Anderson, D. M., Aparin, A., Aschenauer, E. C., Ashraf, M. U., Atetalla, F. G., Attri, A., Averichev, G. S., Bairathi, V., Baker, W., Cap, J. G. Ball, Barish, K., Behera, A., Bellwied, R., Bhagat, P., Bhasin, A., Bielcik, J., Bielcikova, J., Bordyuzhin, I. G., Brandenburg, J. D., Brandin, A. V., Bunzarov, I., Cai, X. Z., Caines, H., Sánchez, M. Calderón de la Barca, Cebra, D., Chakaberia, I., Chaloupka, P., Chan, B. K., Chang, F-H., Chang, Z., Chankova-Bunzarova, N., Chatterjee, A., Chattopadhyay, S., Chen, D., Chen, J., Chen, J. H., Chen, X., Chen, Z., Cheng, J., Chevalier, M., Choudhury, S., Christie, W., Chu, X., Crawford, H. J., Csanád, M., Daugherity, M., Dedovich, T. G., Deppner, I. M., Derevschikov, A. A., Dhamija, A., Di Carlo, L., Didenko, L., Dixit, P., Dong, X., Drachenberg, J. L., Duckworth, E., Dunlop, J. C., Elsey, N., Engelage, J., Eppley, G., Esumi, S., Evdokimov, O., Ewigleben, A., Eyser, O., Fatemi, R., Fawzi, F. M., Fazio, S., Federic, P., Fedorisin, J., Feng, C. J., Feng, Y., Filip, P., Finch, E., Fisyak, Y., Francisco, A., Fu, C., Fulek, L., Gagliardi, C. A., Galatyuk, T., Geurts, F., Ghimire, N., Gibson, A., Gopal, K., Gou, X., Grosnick, D., Gupta, A., Guryn, W., Hamad, A. I., Hamed, A., Han, Y., Harabasz, S., Harasty, M. D., Harris, J. W., Harrison, H., He, S., He, W., He, X. H., He, Y., Heppelmann, S., Herrmann, N., Hoffman, E., Holub, L., Hu, Y., Huang, H., Huang, H. Z., Huang, S. L., Huang, T., Huang, X., Huang, Y., Humanic, T. J., Igo, G., Isenhower, D., Jacobs, W. W., Jena, C., Jentsch, A., Ji, Y., Jia, J., Jiang, K., Ju, X., Judd, E. G., Kabana, S., Kabir, M. L., Kagamaster, S., Kalinkin, D., Kang, K., Kapukchyan, D., Kauder, K., Ke, H. W., Keane, D., Kechechyan, A., Kelsey, M., Khyzhniak, Y. V., Kikoła, D. P., Kim, C., Kimelman, B., Kincses, D., Kisel, I., Kiselev, A., Knospe, A. G., Ko, H. S., Kochenda, L., Kosarzewski, L. K., Kramarik, L., Kravtsov, P., Kumar, L., Kumar, S., Elayavalli, R. Kunnawalkam, Kwasizur, J. H., Lacey, R., Lan, S., Landgraf, J. M., Lauret, J., Lebedev, A., Lednicky, R., Lee, J. H., Leung, Y. H., Lewis, N., Li, C., Li, W., Li, X., Li, Y., Liang, X., Liang, Y., Licenik, R., Lin, T., Lin, Y., Lisa, M. A., Liu, F., Liu, H., Liu, P., Liu, T., Liu, X., Liu, Y., Liu, Z., Ljubicic, T., Llope, W. J., Longacre, R. S., Loyd, E., Lukow, N. S., Luo, X. F., Ma, L., Ma, R., Ma, Y. G., Magdy, N., Mallick, D., Margetis, S., Markert, C., Matis, H. S., Mazer, J. A., Minaev, N. G., Mioduszewski, S., Mohanty, B., Mondal, M. M., Mooney, I., Morozov, D. A., Mukherjee, A., Nagy, M., Nam, J. D., Nasim, Md., Nayak, K., Neff, D., Nelson, J. M., Nemes, D. B., Nie, M., Nigmatkulov, G., Niida, T., Nishitani, R., Nogach, L. V., Nonaka, T., Nunes, A. S., Odyniec, G., Ogawa, A., Oh, S., Okorokov, V. A., Page, B. S., Pak, R., Pan, J., Pandav, A., Pandey, A. K., Panebratsev, Y., Parfenov, P., Pawlik, B., Pawlowska, D., Perkins, C., Pinsky, L., Pluta, J., Pokhrel, B. R., Ponimatkin, G., Porter, J., Posik, M., Prozorova, V., Pruthi, N. K., Przybycien, M., Putschke, J., Qiu, H., Quintero, A., Racz, C., Radhakrishnan, S. K., Raha, N., Ray, R. L., Reed, R., Ritter, H. G., Robotkova, M., Rogachevskiy, O. V., Romero, J. L., Roy, D., Ruan, L., Rusnak, J., Sahoo, A. K., Sahoo, N. R., Sako, H., Salur, S., Sandweiss, J., Sato, S., Schmidke, W. B., Schmitz, N., Schweid, B. R., Seck, F., Seger, J., Sergeeva, M., Seto, R., Seyboth, P., Shah, N., Shahaliev, E., Shanmuganathan, P. V., Shao, M., Shao, T., Sheikh, A. I., Shen, D. Y., Shi, S. S., Shi, Y., Shou, Q. Y., Sichtermann, E. P., Sikora, R., Simko, M., Singh, J., Singha, S., Skoby, M. J., Smirnov, N., Söhngen, Y., Solyst, W., Song, Y., Sorensen, P., Spinka, H. M., Srivastava, B., Stanislaus, T. D. S., Stefaniak, M., Stewart, D. J., Strikhanov, M., Stringfellow, B., Suaide, A. A. P., Sumbera, M., Summa, B., Sun, X. M., Sun, X., Sun, Y., Surrow, B., Svirida, D. N., Sweger, Z. W., Szymanski, P., Tang, A. H., Tang, Z., Taranenko, A., Tarnowsky, T., Thomas, J. H., Timmins, A. R., Tlusty, D., Todoroki, T., Tokarev, M., Tomkiel, C. A., Trentalange, S., Tribble, R. E., Tribedy, P., Tripathy, S. K., Truhlar, T., Trzeciak, B. A., Tsai, O. D., Tu, Z., Ullrich, T., Underwood, D. G., Upsal, I., Van Buren, G., Vanek, J., Vasiliev, A. N., Vassiliev, I., Verkest, V., Videbæk, F., Vokal, S., Voloshin, S. A., Wang, F., Wang, G., Wang, J. S., Wang, P., Wang, X., Wang, Y., Wang, Z., Webb, J. C., Weidenkaff, P. C., Wen, L., Westfall, G. D., Wieman, H., Wissink, S. W., Witt, R., Wu, J., Wu, Y., Xi, B., Xiao, Z. G., Xie, G., Xie, W., Xu, H., Xu, N., Xu, Q. H., Xu, Y., Xu, Z., Yan, G., Yang, C., Yang, Q., Yang, S., Yang, Y., Ye, Z., Yi, L., Yip, K., Yu, Y., Zbroszczyk, H., Zha, W., Zhang, C., Zhang, D., Zhang, J., Zhang, S., Zhang, X. P., Zhang, Y., Zhang, Z. J., Zhang, Z., Zhao, J., Zhou, C., Zhou, Y., Zhu, X., Zurek, M., and Zyzak, M.
Subjects: Nuclear Experiment
Abstract: We report cumulants of the proton multiplicity distribution from dedicated fixed-target Au+Au collisions at 3.0 GeV, measured by the STAR experiment in the kinematic acceptance of rapidity ($y$) and transverse momentum ($p_{\rm T}$) within $-0.5 < y<0$ and $0.4 < p_{\rm T} <2.0 $ GeV/$c$. In the most central 0--5\% collisions, a proton cumulant ratio is measured to be $C_4/C_2=-0.85 \pm 0.09 ~(\rm stat.) \pm 0.82 ~(\rm syst.)$, which is less than unity, the Poisson baseline. The hadronic transport UrQMD model reproduces our $C_4/C_2$ in the measured acceptance. Compared to higher energy results and the transport model calculations, the suppression in $C_4/C_2$ is consistent with fluctuations driven by baryon number conservation and indicates an energy regime dominated by hadronic interactions. These data imply that the QCD critical region, if created in heavy-ion collisions, could only exist at energies higher than 3\,GeV.
Published: 2021
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31. Evidence of Mass Ordering of Charm and Bottom Quark Energy Loss in Au+Au Collisions at RHIC

Author: STAR Collaboration, Abdallah, M. S., Aboona, B. E., Adam, J., Adamczyk, L., Adams, J. R., Adkins, J. K., Aggarwal, I., Aggarwal, M. M., Ahammed, Z., Anderson, D. M., Aschenauer, E. C., Atchison, J., Bai, X., Bairathi, V., Baker, W., Cap, J. G. Ball, Barish, K., Bellwied, R., Bhagat, P., Bhasin, A., Bhatta, S., Bielcik, J., Bielcikova, J., Brandenburg, J. D., Cai, X. Z., Caines, H., Sánchez, M. Calderón de la Barca, Cebra, D., Chakaberia, I., Chaloupka, P., Chan, B. K., Chang, Z., Chatterjee, A., Chattopadhyay, S., Chen, D., Chen, J., Chen, J. H., Chen, X., Chen, Z., Cheng, J., Cheng, Y., Choudhury, S., Christie, W., Chu, X., Crawford, H. J., Csanád, M., Daugherity, M., Deppner, I. M., Dhamija, A., Di Carlo, L., Didenko, L., Dixit, P., Dong, X., Drachenberg, J. L., Duckworth, E., Dunlop, J. C., Engelage, J., Eppley, G., Esumi, S., Evdokimov, O., Ewigleben, A., Eyser, O., Fatemi, R., Fawzi, F. M., Fazio, S., Feng, C. J., Feng, Y., Finch, E., Fisyak, Y., Francisco, A., Fu, C., Gagliardi, C. A., Galatyuk, T., Geurts, F., Ghimire, N., Gibson, A., Gopal, K., Gou, X., Grosnick, D., Gupta, A., Guryn, W., Hamed, A., Han, Y., Harabasz, S., Harasty, M. D., Harris, J. W., Harrison, H., He, S., He, W., He, X. H., He, Y., Heppelmann, S., Herrmann, N., Hoffman, E., Holub, L., Hu, C., Hu, Q., Hu, Y., Huang, H., Huang, H. Z., Huang, S. L., Huang, T., Huang, X., Huang, Y., Humanic, T. J., Isenhower, D., Isshiki, M., Jacobs, W. W., Jena, C., Jentsch, A., Ji, Y., Jia, J., Jiang, K., Jin, C., Ju, X., Judd, E. G., Kabana, S., Kabir, M. L., Kagamaster, S., Kalinkin, D., Kang, K., Kapukchyan, D., Kauder, K., Ke, H. W., Keane, D., Kelsey, M., Khyzhniak, Y. V., Kikoła, D. P., Kimelman, B., Kincses, D., Kisel, I., Kiselev, A., Knospe, A. G., Ko, H. S., Kosarzewski, L. K., Kramarik, L., Kumar, L., Kumar, S., Elayavalli, R. Kunnawalkam, Kwasizur, J. H., Lacey, R., Lan, S., Landgraf, J. M., Lauret, J., Lebedev, A., Lee, J. H., Leung, Y. H., Lewis, N., Li, C., Li, W., Li, X., Li, Y., Li, Z., Liang, X., Liang, Y., Licenik, R., Lin, T., Lin, Y., Lisa, M. A., Liu, F., Liu, H., Liu, T., Liu, X., Liu, Y., Ljubicic, T., Llope, W. J., Longacre, R. S., Loyd, E., Lu, T., Lukow, N. S., Luo, X. F., Ma, L., Ma, R., Ma, Y. G., Magdy, N., Mallick, D., Margetis, S., Markert, C., Matis, H. S., Mazer, J. A., McNamara, G., Mioduszewski, S., Mohanty, B., Mondal, M. M., Mooney, I., Mukherjee, A., Nagy, M. I., Nain, A. S., Nam, J. D., Nasim, Md., Nayak, K., Neff, D., Nelson, J. M., Nemes, D. B., Nie, M., Niida, T., Nishitani, R., Nonaka, T., Nunes, A. S., Odyniec, G., Ogawa, A., Oh, S., Okubo, K., Page, B. S., Pak, R., Pan, J., Pandav, A., Pandey, A. K., Pani, T., Paul, A., Pawlik, B., Pawlowska, D., Perkins, C., Pluta, J., Pokhrel, B. R., Porter, J., Posik, M., Protzman, T., Prozorova, V., Pruthi, N. K., Przybycien, M., Putschke, J., Qin, Z., Qiu, H., Quintero, A., Racz, C., Radhakrishnan, S. K., Raha, N., Ray, R. L., Reed, R., Ritter, H. G., Robotkova, M., Romero, J. L., Roy, D., Chowdhury, P. Roy, Ruan, L., Sahoo, A. K., Sahoo, N. R., Sako, H., Salur, S., Sato, S., Schmidke, W. B., Schmitz, N., Seck, F-J., Seger, J., Seto, R., Seyboth, P., Shah, N., Shanmuganathan, P. V., Shao, M., Shao, T., Sharma, R., Sheikh, A. I., Shen, D. Y., Shen, K., Shi, S. S., Shi, Y., Shou, Q. Y., Sichtermann, E. P., Sikora, R., Singh, J., Singha, S., Sinha, P., Skoby, M. J., Smirnov, N., Söhngen, Y., Solyst, W., Song, Y., Srivastava, B., Stanislaus, T. D. S., Stewart, D. J., Stringfellow, B., Suaide, A. A. P., Sumbera, M., Sun, C., Sun, X. M., Sun, X., Sun, Y., Surrow, B., Sweger, Z. W., Szymanski, P., Tang, A. H., Tang, Z., Tarnowsky, T., Thomas, J. H., Timmins, A. R., Tlusty, D., Todoroki, T., Tomkiel, C. A., Trentalange, S., Tribble, R. E., Tribedy, P., Tripathy, S. K., Truhlar, T., Trzeciak, B. A., Tsai, O. D., Tsang, C. Y., Tu, Z., Ullrich, T., Underwood, D. G., Upsal, I., Van Buren, G., Vanek, J., Vassiliev, I., Verkest, V., Videbæk, F., Voloshin, S. A., Wang, F., Wang, G., Wang, J. S., Wang, P., Wang, X., Wang, Y., Wang, Z., Webb, J. C., Weidenkaff, P. C., Westfall, G. D., Wielanek, D., Wieman, H., Wissink, S. W., Witt, R., Wu, J., Wu, X., Wu, Y., Xi, B., Xiao, Z. G., Xie, G., Xie, W., Xu, H., Xu, N., Xu, Q. H., Xu, Y., Xu, Z., Yan, G., Yan, Z., Yang, C., Yang, Q., Yang, S., Yang, Y., Ye, Z., Yi, L., Yip, K., Yu, Y., Zbroszczyk, H., Zha, W., Zhang, C., Zhang, D., Zhang, J., Zhang, S., Zhang, Y., Zhang, Z. J., Zhang, Z., Zhao, F., Zhao, J., Zhao, M., Zhou, C., Zhou, J., Zhou, Y., Zhu, X., Zurek, M., and Zyzak, M.
Subjects: Nuclear Experiment
Abstract: Partons traversing the strongly interacting medium produced in heavy-ion collisions are expected to lose energy depending on their color charge and mass. We measure the nuclear modification factors for charm- and bottom-decay electrons, defined as the ratio of yields, scaled by the number of binary nucleon-nucleon collisions, in $\sqrt{s_{\rm NN}}$ = 200 GeV Au+Au collisions to $p$+$p$ collisions ($R_{\rm AA}$), or in central to peripheral Au+Au collisions ($R_{\rm CP}$). We find the bottom-decay electron $R_{\rm AA}$ and $R_{\rm CP}$ to be significantly higher than that of charm-decay electrons. Model calculations including mass-dependent parton energy loss in a strongly coupled medium are consistent with the measured data. These observations provide clear evidence of mass ordering of charm and bottom quark energy loss when traversing through the strongly coupled medium created in heavy-ion collisions.
Published: 2021
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32. Evidence for Nonlinear Gluon Effects in QCD and their $A$ Dependence at STAR

Author: STAR Collaboration, Abdallah, M. S., Aboona, B. E., Adam, J., Adamczyk, L., Adams, J. R., Adkins, J. K., Agakishiev, G., Aggarwal, I., Aggarwal, M. M., Ahammed, Z., Aitbaev, A., Alekseev, I., Anderson, D. M., Aparin, A., Aschenauer, E. C., Ashraf, M. U., Atetalla, F. G., Averichev, G. S., Bairathi, V., Baker, W., Cap, J. G. Ball, Barish, K., Behera, A., Bellwied, R., Bhagat, P., Bhasin, A., Bielcik, J., Bielcikova, J., Bordyuzhin, I. G., Brandenburg, J. D., Brandin, A. V., Cai, X. Z., Caines, H., Sánchez, M. Calderón de la Barca, Cebra, D., Chakaberia, I., Chaloupka, P., Chan, B. K., Chang, F-H., Chang, Z., Chatterjee, A., Chattopadhyay, S., Chen, D., Chen, J., Chen, J. H., Chen, X., Chen, Z., Cheng, J., Choudhury, S., Christie, W., Chu, X., Crawford, H. J., Csanád, M., Daugherity, M., Dedovich, T. G., Deppner, I. M., Derevschikov, A. A., Dhamija, A., Di Carlo, L., Didenko, L., Dixit, P., Dong, X., Drachenberg, J. L., Duckworth, E., Dunlop, J. C., Engelage, J., Eppley, G., Esumi, S., Evdokimov, O., Ewigleben, A., Eyser, O., Fatemi, R., Fawzi, F. M., Fazio, S., Feng, C. J., Feng, Y., Finch, E., Fisyak, Y., Francisco, A., Fu, C., Gagliardi, C. A., Galatyuk, T., Geurts, F., Ghimire, N., Gibson, A., Gopal, K., Gou, X., Grosnick, D., Gupta, A., Guryn, W., Hamed, A., Han, Y., Harabasz, S., Harasty, M. D., Harris, J. W., Harrison, H., He, S., He, W., He, X. H., He, Y., Heppelmann, S., Herrmann, N., Hoffman, E., Holub, L., Hu, C., Hu, Q., Hu, Y., Huang, H., Huang, H. Z., Huang, S. L., Huang, T., Huang, X., Huang, Y., Humanic, T. J., Isenhower, D., Isshiki, M., Jacobs, W. W., Jena, C., Jentsch, A., Ji, Y., Jia, J., Jiang, K., Ju, X., Judd, E. G., Kabana, S., Kabir, M. L., Kagamaster, S., Kalinkin, D., Kang, K., Kapukchyan, D., Kauder, K., Ke, H. W., Keane, D., Kechechyan, A., Kelsey, M., Khyzhniak, Y. V., Kikoła, D. P., Kimelman, B., Kincses, D., Kisel, I., Kiselev, A., Knospe, A. G., Ko, H. S., Kochenda, L., Korobitsin, A., Kosarzewski, L. K., Kramarik, L., Kravtsov, P., Kumar, L., Kumar, S., Elayavalli, R. Kunnawalkam, Kwasizur, J. H., Lacey, R., Lan, S., Landgraf, J. M., Lauret, J., Lebedev, A., Lednicky, R., Lee, J. H., Leung, Y. H., Lewis, N., Li, C., Li, W., Li, X., Li, Y., Liang, X., Liang, Y., Licenik, R., Lin, T., Lin, Y., Lisa, M. A., Liu, F., Liu, H., Liu, P., Liu, T., Liu, X., Liu, Y., Liu, Z., Ljubicic, T., Llope, W. J., Longacre, R. S., Loyd, E., Lu, T., Lukow, N. S., Luo, X. F., Ma, L., Ma, R., Ma, Y. G., Magdy, N., Mallick, D., Manukhov, S. L., Margetis, S., Markert, C., Matis, H. S., Mazer, J. A., Minaev, N. G., Mioduszewski, S., Mohanty, B., Mondal, M. M., Mooney, I., Morozov, D. A., Mukherjee, A., Nagy, M., Nam, J. D., Nasim, Md., Nayak, K., Neff, D., Nelson, J. M., Nemes, D. B., Nie, M., Nigmatkulov, G., Niida, T., Nishitani, R., Nogach, L. V., Nonaka, T., Nunes, A. S., Odyniec, G., Ogawa, A., Oh, S., Okorokov, V. A., Okubo, K., Page, B. S., Pak, R., Pan, J., Pandav, A., Pandey, A. K., Panebratsev, Y., Parfenov, P., Paul, A., Pawlik, B., Pawlowska, D., Perkins, C., Pluta, J., Pokhrel, B. R., Porter, J., Posik, M., Prozorova, V., Pruthi, N. K., Przybycien, M., Putschke, J., Qiu, H., Quintero, A., Racz, C., Radhakrishnan, S. K., Raha, N., Ray, R. L., Reed, R., Ritter, H. G., Robotkova, M., Rogachevskiy, O. V., Romero, J. L., Roy, D., Ruan, L., Sahoo, A. K., Sahoo, N. R., Sako, H., Salur, S., Samigullin, E., Sandweiss, J., Sato, S., Schmidke, W. B., Schmitz, N., Schweid, B. R., Seck, F., Seger, J., Seto, R., Seyboth, P., Shah, N., Shahaliev, E., Shanmuganathan, P. V., Shao, M., Shao, T., Sharma, R., Sheikh, A. I., Shen, D. Y., Shi, S. S., Shi, Y., Shou, Q. Y., Sichtermann, E. P., Sikora, R., Singh, J., Singha, S., Sinha, P., Skoby, M. J., Smirnov, N., Söhngen, Y., Solyst, W., Song, Y., Spinka, H. M., Srivastava, B., Stanislaus, T. D. S., Stefaniak, M., Stewart, D. J., Strikhanov, M., Stringfellow, B., Suaide, A. A. P., Sumbera, M., Summa, B., Sun, X. M., Sun, X., Sun, Y., Surrow, B., Svirida, D. N., Sweger, Z. W., Szymanski, P., Tang, A. H., Tang, Z., Taranenko, A., Tarnowsky, T., Thomas, J. H., Timmins, A. R., Tlusty, D., Todoroki, T., Tokarev, M., Tomkiel, C. A., Trentalange, S., Tribble, R. E., Tribedy, P., Tripathy, S. K., Truhlar, T., Trzeciak, B. A., Tsai, O. D., Tu, Z., Ullrich, T., Underwood, D. G., Upsal, I., Van Buren, G., Vanek, J., Vasiliev, A. N., Vassiliev, I., Verkest, V., Videbæk, F., Vokal, S., Voloshin, S. A., Wang, F., Wang, G., Wang, J. S., Wang, P., Wang, X., Wang, Y., Wang, Z., Webb, J. C., Weidenkaff, P. C., Westfall, G. D., Wieman, H., Wissink, S. W., Witt, R., Wu, J., Wu, Y., Xi, B., Xiao, Z. G., Xie, G., Xie, W., Xu, H., Xu, N., Xu, Q. H., Xu, Y., Xu, Z., Yan, G., Yang, C., Yang, Q., Yang, S., Yang, Y., Ye, Z., Yi, L., Yip, K., Yu, Y., Zbroszczyk, H., Zha, W., Zhang, C., Zhang, D., Zhang, J., Zhang, S., Zhang, Y., Zhang, Z. J., Zhang, Z., Zhao, F., Zhao, J., Zhao, M., Zhou, C., Zhou, Y., Zhu, X., Zurek, M., and Zyzak, M.
Subjects: Nuclear Experiment, High Energy Physics - Experiment, High Energy Physics - Theory, Nuclear Theory
Abstract: The STAR Collaboration reports measurements of back-to-back azimuthal correlations of di-$\pi^0$s produced at forward pseudorapidities ($2.6<\eta<4.0$) in $p$+$p$, $p+$Al, and $p+$Au collisions at a center-of-mass energy of 200 GeV. We observe a clear suppression of the correlated yields of back-to-back $\pi^0$ pairs in $p+$Al and $p+$Au collisions compared to the $p$+$p$ data. The observed suppression of back-to-back pairs as a function of transverse momentum suggests nonlinear gluon dynamics arising at high parton densities. The larger suppression found in $p+$Au relative to $p+$Al collisions exhibits a dependence of the saturation scale, $Q_s^2$, on the mass number, $A$. A linear scaling of the suppression with $A^{1/3}$ is observed with a slope of $-0.09$ $\pm$ $0.01$., Comment: 7 pages,3 figures, 1 supplemental material
Published: 2021
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33. Longitudinal double-spin asymmetry for inclusive jet and dijet production in polarized proton collisions at $\sqrt{s}=510$ GeV

Author: STAR Collaboration, Abdallah, M. S., Aboona, B. E., Adam, J., Adamczyk, L., Adams, J. R., Adkins, J. K., Agakishiev, G., Aggarwal, I., Aggarwal, M. M., Ahammed, Z., Aitbaev, A., Alekseev, I., Anderson, D. M., Aparin, A., Aschenauer, E. C., Ashraf, M. U., Atetalla, F. G., Averichev, G. S., Bairathi, V., Baker, W., Cap, J. G. Ball, Barish, K., Behera, A., Bellwied, R., Bhagat, P., Bhasin, A., Bielcik, J., Bielcikova, J., Bordyuzhin, I. G., Brandenburg, J. D., Brandin, A. V., Cai, X. Z., Caines, H., Sánchez, M. Calderón de la Barca, Cebra, D., Chakaberia, I., Chaloupka, P., Chan, B. K., Chang, F-H., Chang, Z., Chatterjee, A., Chattopadhyay, S., Chen, D., Chen, J., Chen, J. H., Chen, X., Chen, Z., Cheng, J., Choudhury, S., Christie, W., Chu, X., Crawford, H. J., Csanád, M., Daugherity, M., Dedovich, T. G., Deppner, I. M., Derevschikov, A. A., Dhamija, A., Di Carlo, L., Didenko, L., Dixit, P., Dong, X., Drachenberg, J. L., Duckworth, E., Dunlop, J. C., Engelage, J., Eppley, G., Esumi, S., Evdokimov, O., Ewigleben, A., Eyser, O., Fatemi, R., Fawzi, F. M., Fazio, S., Feng, C. J., Feng, Y., Finch, E., Fisyak, Y., Francisco, A., Fu, C., Gagliardi, C. A., Galatyuk, T., Geurts, F., Ghimire, N., Gibson, A., Gopal, K., Gou, X., Grosnick, D., Gupta, A., Guryn, W., Hamed, A., Han, Y., Harabasz, S., Harasty, M. D., Harris, J. W., Harrison, H., He, S., He, W., He, X. H., He, Y., Heppelmann, S., Herrmann, N., Hoffman, E., Holub, L., Hu, C., Hu, Q., Hu, Y., Huang, H., Huang, H. Z., Huang, S. L., Huang, T., Huang, X., Huang, Y., Humanic, T. J., Isenhower, D., Isshiki, M., Jacobs, W. W., Jena, C., Jentsch, A., Ji, Y., Jia, J., Jiang, K., Ju, X., Judd, E. G., Kabana, S., Kabir, M. L., Kagamaster, S., Kalinkin, D., Kang, K., Kapukchyan, D., Kauder, K., Ke, H. W., Keane, D., Kechechyan, A., Kelsey, M., Khyzhniak, Y. V., Kikoła, D. P., Kimelman, B., Kincses, D., Kisel, I., Kiselev, A., Knospe, A. G., Ko, H. S., Kochenda, L., Korobitsin, A., Kosarzewski, L. K., Kramarik, L., Kravtsov, P., Kumar, L., Kumar, S., Elayavalli, R. Kunnawalkam, Kwasizur, J. H., Lacey, R., Lan, S., Landgraf, J. M., Lauret, J., Lebedev, A., Lednicky, R., Lee, J. H., Leung, Y. H., Lewis, N., Li, C., Li, W., Li, X., Li, Y., Liang, X., Liang, Y., Licenik, R., Lin, T., Lin, Y., Lisa, M. A., Liu, F., Liu, H., Liu, P., Liu, T., Liu, X., Liu, Y., Liu, Z., Ljubicic, T., Llope, W. J., Longacre, R. S., Loyd, E., Lu, T., Lukow, N. S., Luo, X. F., Ma, L., Ma, R., Ma, Y. G., Magdy, N., Mallick, D., Manukhov, S. L., Margetis, S., Markert, C., Matis, H. S., Mazer, J. A., Minaev, N. G., Mioduszewski, S., Mohanty, B., Mondal, M. M., Mooney, I., Morozov, D. A., Mukherjee, A., Nagy, M., Nam, J. D., Nasim, Md., Nayak, K., Neff, D., Nelson, J. M., Nemes, D. B., Nie, M., Nigmatkulov, G., Niida, T., Nishitani, R., Nogach, L. V., Nonaka, T., Nunes, A. S., Odyniec, G., Ogawa, A., Oh, S., Okorokov, V. A., Okubo, K., Page, B. S., Pak, R., Pan, J., Pandav, A., Pandey, A. K., Panebratsev, Y., Parfenov, P., Paul, A., Pawlik, B., Pawlowska, D., Perkins, C., Pluta, J., Pokhrel, B. R., Porter, J., Posik, M., Prozorova, V., Pruthi, N. K., Przybycien, M., Putschke, J., Qiu, H., Quintero, A., Racz, C., Radhakrishnan, S. K., Raha, N., Ray, R. L., Reed, R., Ritter, H. G., Robotkova, M., Rogachevskiy, O. V., Romero, J. L., Roy, D., Ruan, L., Sahoo, A. K., Sahoo, N. R., Sako, H., Salur, S., Samigullin, E., Sandweiss, J., Sato, S., Schmidke, W. B., Schmitz, N., Schweid, B. R., Seck, F., Seger, J., Seto, R., Seyboth, P., Shah, N., Shahaliev, E., Shanmuganathan, P. V., Shao, M., Shao, T., Sharma, R., Sheikh, A. I., Shen, D. Y., Shi, S. S., Shi, Y., Shou, Q. Y., Sichtermann, E. P., Sikora, R., Singh, J., Singha, S., Sinha, P., Skoby, M. J., Smirnov, N., Söhngen, Y., Solyst, W., Song, Y., Spinka, H. M., Srivastava, B., Stanislaus, T. D. S., Stefaniak, M., Stewart, D. J., Strikhanov, M., Stringfellow, B., Suaide, A. A. P., Sumbera, M., Summa, B., Sun, X. M., Sun, X., Sun, Y., Surrow, B., Svirida, D. N., Sweger, Z. W., Szymanski, P., Tang, A. H., Tang, Z., Taranenko, A., Tarnowsky, T., Thomas, J. H., Timmins, A. R., Tlusty, D., Todoroki, T., Tokarev, M., Tomkiel, C. A., Trentalange, S., Tribble, R. E., Tribedy, P., Tripathy, S. K., Truhlar, T., Trzeciak, B. A., Tsai, O. D., Tu, Z., Ullrich, T., Underwood, D. G., Upsal, I., Van Buren, G., Vanek, J., Vasiliev, A. N., Vassiliev, I., Verkest, V., Videbæk, F., Vokal, S., Voloshin, S. A., Wang, F., Wang, G., Wang, J. S., Wang, P., Wang, X., Wang, Y., Wang, Z., Webb, J. C., Weidenkaff, P. C., Westfall, G. D., Wieman, H., Wissink, S. W., Witt, R., Wu, J., Wu, Y., Xi, B., Xiao, Z. G., Xie, G., Xie, W., Xu, H., Xu, N., Xu, Q. H., Xu, Y., Xu, Z., Yan, G., Yang, C., Yang, Q., Yang, S., Yang, Y., Ye, Z., Yi, L., Yip, K., Yu, Y., Zbroszczyk, H., Zha, W., Zhang, C., Zhang, D., Zhang, J., Zhang, S., Zhang, Y., Zhang, Z. J., Zhang, Z., Zhao, F., Zhao, J., Zhao, M., Zhou, C., Zhou, Y., Zhu, X., Zurek, M., and Zyzak, M.
Subjects: High Energy Physics - Experiment, Nuclear Experiment
Abstract: We report measurements of the longitudinal double-spin asymmetry, $A_{LL}$, for inclusive jet and dijet production in polarized proton-proton collisions at midrapidity and center-of-mass energy $\sqrt{s}$ = 510 GeV, using the high luminosity data sample collected by the STAR experiment in 2013. These measurements complement and improve the precision of previous STAR measurements at the same center-of-mass energy that probe the polarized gluon distribution function at partonic momentum fraction 0.015 $\lesssim x \lesssim$ 0.25. The dijet asymmetries are separated into four jet-pair topologies, which provide further constraints on the $x$ dependence of the polarized gluon distribution function. These measurements are in agreement with previous STAR measurements and with predictions from current next-to-leading order global analyses. They provide more precise data at low dijet invariant mass that will better constraint the shape of the polarized gluon distribution function of the proton.
Published: 2021

34. Measurement of cold nuclear matter effects for inclusive $J/\psi$ in $p$+Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{_{\mathrm{NN}}}}$ = 200 GeV

Author: STAR Collaboration, Abdallah, M. S., Aboona, B. E., Adam, J., Adamczyk, L., Adams, J. R., Adkins, J. K., Agakishiev, G., Aggarwal, I., Aggarwal, M. M., Ahammed, Z., Alekseev, I., Anderson, D. M., Aparin, A., Aschenauer, E. C., Ashraf, M. U., Atetalla, F. G., Attri, A., Averichev, G. S., Bairathi, V., Baker, W., Cap, J. G. Ball, Barish, K., Behera, A., Bellwied, R., Bhagat, P., Bhasin, A., Bielcik, J., Bielcikova, J., Bordyuzhin, I. G., Brandenburg, J. D., Brandin, A. V., Bunzarov, I., Cai, X. Z., Caines, H., Sánchez, M. Calderón de la Barca, Cebra, D., Chakaberia, I., Chaloupka, P., Chan, B. K., Chang, F-H., Chang, Z., Chankova-Bunzarova, N., Chatterjee, A., Chattopadhyay, S., Chen, D., Chen, J., Chen, J. H., Chen, X., Chen, Z., Cheng, J., Chevalier, M., Choudhury, S., Christie, W., Chu, X., Crawford, H. J., Csanád, M., Daugherity, M., Dedovich, T. G., Deppner, I. M., Derevschikov, A. A., Dhamija, A., Di Carlo, L., Didenko, L., Dixit, P., Dong, X., Drachenberg, J. L., Duckworth, E., Dunlop, J. C., Elsey, N., Engelage, J., Eppley, G., Esumi, S., Evdokimov, O., Ewigleben, A., Eyser, O., Fatemi, R., Fawzi, F. M., Fazio, S., Federic, P., Fedorisin, J., Feng, C. J., Feng, Y., Filip, P., Finch, E., Fisyak, Y., Francisco, A., Fu, C., Fulek, L., Gagliardi, C. A., Galatyuk, T., Geurts, F., Ghimire, N., Gibson, A., Gopal, K., Gou, X., Grosnick, D., Gupta, A., Guryn, W., Hamad, A. I., Hamed, A., Han, Y., Harabasz, S., Harasty, M. D., Harris, J. W., Harrison, H., He, S., He, W., He, X. H., He, Y., Heppelmann, S., Herrmann, N., Hoffman, E., Holub, L., Hu, Y., Huang, H., Huang, H. Z., Huang, S. L., Huang, T., Huang, X., Huang, Y., Humanic, T. J., Igo, G., Isenhower, D., Jacobs, W. W., Jena, C., Jentsch, A., Ji, Y., Jia, J., Jiang, K., Ju, X., Judd, E. G., Kabana, S., Kabir, M. L., Kagamaster, S., Kalinkin, D., Kang, K., Kapukchyan, D., Kauder, K., Ke, H. W., Keane, D., Kechechyan, A., Kelsey, M., Khyzhniak, Y. V., Kikoła, D. P., Kim, C., Kimelman, B., Kincses, D., Kisel, I., Kiselev, A., Knospe, A. G., Ko, H. S., Kochenda, L., Kosarzewski, L. K., Kramarik, L., Kravtsov, P., Kumar, L., Kumar, S., Elayavalli, R. Kunnawalkam, Kwasizur, J. H., Lacey, R., Lan, S., Landgraf, J. M., Lauret, J., Lebedev, A., Lednicky, R., Lee, J. H., Leung, Y. H., Li, C., Li, W., Li, X., Li, Y., Liang, X., Liang, Y., Licenik, R., Lin, T., Lin, Y., Lisa, M. A., Liu, F., Liu, H., Liu, P., Liu, T., Liu, X., Liu, Y., Liu, Z., Ljubicic, T., Llope, W. J., Longacre, R. S., Loyd, E., Lukow, N. S., Luo, X. F., Ma, L., Ma, R., Ma, Y. G., Magdy, N., Mallick, D., Margetis, S., Markert, C., Matis, H. S., Mazer, J. A., Minaev, N. G., Mioduszewski, S., Mohanty, B., Mondal, M. M., Mooney, I., Morozov, D. A., Mukherjee, A., Nagy, M., Nam, J. D., Nasim, Md., Nayak, K., Neff, D., Nelson, J. M., Nemes, D. B., Nie, M., Nigmatkulov, G., Niida, T., Nishitani, R., Nogach, L. V., Nonaka, T., Nunes, A. S., Odyniec, G., Ogawa, A., Oh, S., Okorokov, V. A., Page, B. S., Pak, R., Pan, J., Pandav, A., Pandey, A. K., Panebratsev, Y., Parfenov, P., Pawlik, B., Pawlowska, D., Perkins, C., Pinsky, L., Pintér, R. L., Pluta, J., Pokhrel, B. R., Ponimatkin, G., Porter, J., Posik, M., Prozorova, V., Pruthi, N. K., Przybycien, M., Putschke, J., Qiu, H., Quintero, A., Racz, C., Radhakrishnan, S. K., Raha, N., Ray, R. L., Reed, R., Ritter, H. G., Robotkova, M., Rogachevskiy, O. V., Romero, J. L., Roy, D., Ruan, L., Rusnak, J., Sahoo, A. K., Sahoo, N. R., Sako, H., Salur, S., Sandweiss, J., Sato, S., Schmidke, W. B., Schmitz, N., Schweid, B. R., Seck, F., Seger, J., Sergeeva, M., Seto, R., Seyboth, P., Shah, N., Shahaliev, E., Shanmuganathan, P. V., Shao, M., Shao, T., Sheikh, A. I., Shen, D. Y., Shi, S. S., Shi, Y., Shou, Q. Y., Sichtermann, E. P., Sikora, R., Simko, M., Singh, J., Singha, S., Skoby, M. J., Smirnov, N., Söhngen, Y., Solyst, W., Sorensen, P., Spinka, H. M., Srivastava, B., Stanislaus, T. D. S., Stefaniak, M., Stewart, D. J., Strikhanov, M., Stringfellow, B., Suaide, A. A. P., Sumbera, M., Summa, B., Sun, X. M., Sun, X., Sun, Y., Surrow, B., Svirida, D. N., Sweger, Z. W., Szymanski, P., Tang, A. H., Tang, Z., Taranenko, A., Tarnowsky, T., Thomas, J. H., Timmins, A. R., Tlusty, D., Todoroki, T., Tokarev, M., Tomkiel, C. A., Trentalange, S., Tribble, R. E., Tribedy, P., Tripathy, S. K., Truhlar, T., Trzeciak, B. A., Tsai, O. D., Tu, Z., Ullrich, T., Underwood, D. G., Upsal, I., Van Buren, G., Vanek, J., Vasiliev, A. N., Vassiliev, I., Verkest, V., Videbæk, F., Vokal, S., Voloshin, S. A., Wang, F., Wang, G., Wang, J. S., Wang, P., Wang, Y., Wang, Z., Webb, J. C., Weidenkaff, P. C., Wen, L., Westfall, G. D., Wieman, H., Wissink, S. W., Wu, J., Wu, Y., Xi, B., Xiao, Z. G., Xie, G., Xie, W., Xu, H., Xu, N., Xu, Q. H., Xu, Y., Xu, Z., Yang, C., Yang, Q., Yang, S., Yang, Y., Ye, Z., Yi, L., Yip, K., Yu, Y., Zbroszczyk, H., Zha, W., Zhang, C., Zhang, D., Zhang, J., Zhang, S., Zhang, X. P., Zhang, Y., Zhang, Z. J., Zhang, Z., Zhao, J., Zhou, C., Zhu, X., Zurek, M., and Zyzak, M.
Subjects: Nuclear Experiment
Abstract: Measurement by the STAR experiment at RHIC of the cold nuclear matter (CNM) effects experienced by inclusive $J/\psi$ at mid-rapidity in 0-100\% $p$+Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{_{\mathrm{NN}}}}$ = 200 GeV is presented. Such effects are quantified utilizing the nuclear modification factor, $R_{p\mathrm{Au}}$, obtained by taking a ratio of $J/\psi$ yield in $p$+Au collisions to that in $p$+$p$ collisions scaled by the number of binary nucleon-nucleon collisions. The differential $J/\psi$ yield in both $p$+$p$ and $p$+Au collisions is measured through the dimuon decay channel, taking advantage of the trigger capability provided by the Muon Telescope Detector in the RHIC 2015 run. Consequently, the $J/\psi$ $R_{p\mathrm{Au}}$ is derived within the transverse momentum ($p_{\mathrm{T}}$) range of 0 to 10 GeV/$c$. A suppression of approximately 30% is observed for $p_{\mathrm{T}}<2$ GeV/$c$, while $J/\psi$ $R_{p\mathrm{Au}}$ becomes compatible with unity for $p_{\mathrm{T}}$ greater than 3 GeV/$c$, indicating the $J/\psi$ yield is minimally affected by the CNM effects at high $p_{\mathrm{T}}$. Comparison to a similar measurement from 0-20% central Au+Au collisions reveals that the observed strong $J/\psi$ suppression above 3 Gev/$c$ is mostly due to the hot medium effects, providing strong evidence for the formation of the quark-gluon plasma in these collisions. Several model calculations show qualitative agreement with the measured $J/\psi$ $R_{p\mathrm{Au}}$, while their agreement with the $J/\psi$ yields in $p$+$p$ and $p$+Au collisions is worse., Comment: 5 figures
Published: 2021
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35. Measurements of ${}^3_\Lambda \rm{H}$ and ${}^4_\Lambda \rm{H}$ Lifetimes and Yields in Au+Au Collisions in the High Baryon Density Region

Author: STAR Collaboration, Abdallah, M. S., Aboona, B. E., Adam, J., Adamczyk, L., Adams, J. R., Adkins, J. K., Agakishiev, G., Aggarwal, I., Aggarwal, M. M., Ahammed, Z., Alekseev, I., Anderson, D. M., Aparin, A., Aschenauer, E. C., Ashraf, M. U., Atetalla, F. G., Attri, A., Averichev, G. S., Bairathi, V., Baker, W., Cap, J. G. Ball, Barish, K., Behera, A., Bellwied, R., Bhagat, P., Bhasin, A., Bielcik, J., Bielcikova, J., Bordyuzhin, I. G., Brandenburg, J. D., Brandin, A. V., Bunzarov, I., Cai, X. Z., Caines, H., Sánchez, M. Calderón de la Barca, Cebra, D., Chakaberia, I., Chaloupka, P., Chan, B. K., Chang, F-H., Chang, Z., Chankova-Bunzarova, N., Chatterjee, A., Chattopadhyay, S., Chen, D., Chen, J., Chen, J. H., Chen, X., Chen, Z., Cheng, J., Chevalier, M., Choudhury, S., Christie, W., Chu, X., Crawford, H. J., Csanád, M., Daugherity, M., Dedovich, T. G., Deppner, I. M., Derevschikov, A. A., Dhamija, A., Di Carlo, L., Didenko, L., Dixit, P., Dong, X., Drachenberg, J. L., Duckworth, E., Dunlop, J. C., Elsey, N., Engelage, J., Eppley, G., Esumi, S., Evdokimov, O., Ewigleben, A., Eyser, O., Fatemi, R., Fawzi, F. M., Fazio, S., Federic, P., Fedorisin, J., Feng, C. J., Feng, Y., Filip, P., Finch, E., Fisyak, Y., Francisco, A., Fu, C., Fulek, L., Gagliardi, C. A., Galatyuk, T., Geurts, F., Ghimire, N., Gibson, A., Gopal, K., Gou, X., Grosnick, D., Gupta, A., Guryn, W., Hamad, A. I., Hamed, A., Han, Y., Harabasz, S., Harasty, M. D., Harris, J. W., Harrison, H., He, S., He, W., He, X. H., He, Y., Heppelmann, S., Herrmann, N., Hoffman, E., Holub, L., Hu, Y., Huang, H., Huang, H. Z., Huang, S. L., Huang, T., Huang, X., Huang, Y., Humanic, T. J., Igo, G., Isenhower, D., Jacobs, W. W., Jena, C., Jentsch, A., Ji, Y., Jia, J., Jiang, K., Ju, X., Judd, E. G., Kabana, S., Kabir, M. L., Kagamaster, S., Kalinkin, D., Kang, K., Kapukchyan, D., Kauder, K., Ke, H. W., Keane, D., Kechechyan, A., Kelsey, M., Khyzhniak, Y. V., Kikoła, D. P., Kim, C., Kimelman, B., Kincses, D., Kisel, I., Kiselev, A., Knospe, A. G., Ko, H. S., Kochenda, L., Kosarzewski, L. K., Kramarik, L., Kravtsov, P., Kumar, L., Kumar, S., Elayavalli, R. Kunnawalkam, Kwasizur, J. H., Lacey, R., Lan, S., Landgraf, J. M., Lauret, J., Lebedev, A., Lednicky, R., Lee, J. H., Leung, Y. H., Lewis, N., Li, C., Li, W., Li, X., Li, Y., Liang, X., Liang, Y., Licenik, R., Lin, T., Lin, Y., Lisa, M. A., Liu, F., Liu, H., Liu, P., Liu, T., Liu, X., Liu, Y., Liu, Z., Ljubicic, T., Llope, W. J., Longacre, R. S., Loyd, E., Lukow, N. S., Luo, X. F., Ma, L., Ma, R., Ma, Y. G., Magdy, N., Mallick, D., Margetis, S., Markert, C., Matis, H. S., Mazer, J. A., Minaev, N. G., Mioduszewski, S., Mohanty, B., Mondal, M. M., Mooney, I., Morozov, D. A., Mukherjee, A., Nagy, M., Nam, J. D., Nasim, Md., Nayak, K., Neff, D., Nelson, J. M., Nemes, D. B., Nie, M., Nigmatkulov, G., Niida, T., Nishitani, R., Nogach, L. V., Nonaka, T., Nunes, A. S., Odyniec, G., Ogawa, A., Oh, S., Okorokov, V. A., Page, B. S., Pak, R., Pan, J., Pandav, A., Pandey, A. K., Panebratsev, Y., Parfenov, P., Pawlik, B., Pawlowska, D., Perkins, C., Pinsky, L., Pintér, R. L., Pluta, J., Pokhrel, B. R., Ponimatkin, G., Porter, J., Posik, M., Prozorova, V., Pruthi, N. K., Przybycien, M., Putschke, J., Qiu, H., Quintero, A., Racz, C., Radhakrishnan, S. K., Raha, N., Ray, R. L., Reed, R., Ritter, H. G., Robotkova, M., Rogachevskiy, O. V., Romero, J. L., Roy, D., Ruan, L., Rusnak, J., Sahoo, A. K., Sahoo, N. R., Sako, H., Salur, S., Sandweiss, J., Sato, S., Schmidke, W. B., Schmitz, N., Schweid, B. R., Seck, F., Seger, J., Sergeeva, M., Seto, R., Seyboth, P., Shah, N., Shahaliev, E., Shanmuganathan, P. V., Shao, M., Shao, T., Sheikh, A. I., Shen, D. Y., Shi, S. S., Shi, Y., Shou, Q. Y., Sichtermann, E. P., Sikora, R., Simko, M., Singh, J., Singha, S., Skoby, M. J., Smirnov, N., Söhngen, Y., Solyst, W., Sorensen, P., Spinka, H. M., Srivastava, B., Stanislaus, T. D. S., Stefaniak, M., Stewart, D. J., Strikhanov, M., Stringfellow, B., Suaide, A. A. P., Sumbera, M., Summa, B., Sun, X. M., Sun, X., Sun, Y., Surrow, B., Svirida, D. N., Sweger, Z. W., Szymanski, P., Tang, A. H., Tang, Z., Taranenko, A., Tarnowsky, T., Thomas, J. H., Timmins, A. R., Tlusty, D., Todoroki, T., Tokarev, M., Tomkiel, C. A., Trentalange, S., Tribble, R. E., Tribedy, P., Tripathy, S. K., Truhlar, T., Trzeciak, B. A., Tsai, O. D., Tu, Z., Ullrich, T., Underwood, D. G., Upsal, I., Van Buren, G., Vanek, J., Vasiliev, A. N., Vassiliev, I., Verkest, V., Videbæk, F., Vokal, S., Voloshin, S. A., Wang, F., Wang, G., Wang, J. S., Wang, P., Wang, X., Wang, Y., Wang, Z., Webb, J. C., Weidenkaff, P. C., Wen, L., Westfall, G. D., Wieman, H., Wissink, S. W., Witt, R., Wu, J., Wu, Y., Xi, B., Xiao, Z. G., Xie, G., Xie, W., Xu, H., Xu, N., Xu, Q. H., Xu, Y., Xu, Z., Yan, G., Yang, C., Yang, Q., Yang, S., Yang, Y., Ye, Z., Yi, L., Yip, K., Yu, Y., Zbroszczyk, H., Zha, W., Zhang, C., Zhang, D., Zhang, J., Zhang, S., Zhang, X. P., Zhang, Y., Zhang, Z. J., Zhang, Z., Zhao, J., Zhou, C., Zhou, Y., Zhu, X., Zurek, M., and Zyzak, M.
Subjects: Nuclear Experiment
Abstract: We report precision measurements of hypernuclei ${}^3_\Lambda \rm{H}$ and ${}^4_\Lambda \rm{H}$ lifetimes obtained from Au+Au collisions at \snn = 3.0\,GeV and 7.2\,GeV collected by the STAR experiment at RHIC, and the first measurement of ${}^3_\Lambda \rm{H}$ and ${}^4_\Lambda \rm{H}$ mid-rapidity yields in Au+Au collisions at \snn = 3.0\,GeV. ${}^3_\Lambda \rm{H}$ and ${}^4_\Lambda \rm{H}$, being the two simplest bound states composed of hyperons and nucleons, are cornerstones in the field of hypernuclear physics. Their lifetimes are measured to be $221\pm15(\rm stat.)\pm19(\rm syst.)$\,ps for ${}^3_\Lambda \rm{H}$ and $218\pm6(\rm stat.)\pm13(\rm syst.)$\,ps for ${}^4_\Lambda \rm{H}$. The $p_T$-integrated yields of ${}^3_\Lambda \rm{H}$ and ${}^4_\Lambda \rm{H}$ are presented in different centrality and rapidity intervals. It is observed that the shape of the rapidity distribution of ${}^4_\Lambda \rm{H}$ is different for 0--10\% and 10--50\% centrality collisions. Thermal model calculations, using the canonical ensemble for strangeness, describes the ${}^3_\Lambda \rm{H}$ yield well, while underestimating the ${}^4_\Lambda \rm{H}$ yield. Transport models, combining baryonic mean-field and coalescence (JAM) or utilizing dynamical cluster formation via baryonic interactions (PHQMD) for light nuclei and hypernuclei production, approximately describe the measured ${}^3_\Lambda \rm{H}$ and ${}^4_\Lambda \rm{H}$ yields. Our measurements provide means to precisely assess our understanding of the fundamental baryonic interactions with strange quarks, which can impact our understanding of more complicated systems involving hyperons, such as the interior of neutron stars or exotic hypernuclei., Comment: 8 pages, 4 captioned figures
Published: 2021
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36. Measurement of inclusive electrons from open heavy-flavor hadron decays in $p$+$p$ collisions at $\sqrt{s} = 200$ GeV with the STAR detector

Author: STAR Collaboration, Abdallah, M. S., Aboona, B. E., Adam, J., Adamczyk, L., Adams, J. R., Adkins, J. K., Agakishiev, G., Aggarwal, I., arwal, M. M. Agg, Ahammed, Z., Alekseev, I., Anderson, D. M., Aparin, A., Aschenauer, E. C., Ashraf, M. U., Atetalla, F. G., Attri, A., Averichev, G. S., Bairathi, V., Baker, W., Cap, J. G. Ball, Barish, K., Behera, A., Bellwied, R., Bhagat, P., Bhasin, A., Bielcik, J., Bielcikova, J., n, I. G. Bordyuzhi, Brandenburg, J. D., Brandin, A. V., Bunzarov, I., Cai, X. Z., Caines, H., Sánchez, M. Calderón de la Barca, Cebra, D., Chakaberia, I., Chaloupka, P., Chan, B. K., Chang, F-H., Chang, Z., Chankova-Bunzarova, N., Chatterjee, A., Chattopadhyay, S., Chen, D., Chen, J., Chen, J. H., Chen, X., Chen, Z., Cheng, J., Chevalier, M., Choudhury, S., Christie, W., Chu, X., Crawford, H. J., Csanád, M., Daugherity, M., h, T. G. Dedovic, Deppner, I. M., Derevschikov, A. A., Dhamija, A., Di Carlo, L., Didenko, L., Dixit, P., Dong, X., Drachenberg, J. L., Duckworth, E., lop, J. C. Dun, Elsey, N., Engelage, J., Eppley, G., Esumi, S., Evdokimov, O., Ewigleben, A., Eyser, O., Fatemi, R., Fawzi, F. M., Fazio, S., Federic, P., Fedorisin, J., Feng, C. J., Feng, Y., Filip, P., Finch, E., Fisyak, Y., Francisco, A., Fu, C., Fulek, L., Gagliardi, C. A., Galatyuk, T., Geurts, F., Ghimire, N ., Gibson, A., Gopal, K., Gou, X., Grosnick, D., Gupta, A., Guryn, W., Hamad, A. I., Hamed, A., Han, Y., Harabasz, S., Harasty, M. D., Harris, J. W ., Harrison, H., He, S., He, W., He, X. H., He, Y., Heppelmann, S., Herrmann, N., Hoffman, E., Holub, L., Hu, Y., Huang, H., Huang, H. Z., Huang, S. L., Huang, T., Huang, X., Huang, Y., Humanic, T. J., Igo, G., Isenhower, D., Jacobs, W. W., Jena, C., Jentsch, A., Ji, Y., Jia, J ., Jiang, K., Ju, X., Judd, E. G., Kabana, S., Kabir, M. L., Kagamaster, S., Kalinkin, D., Kang, K., Kapukchyan, D., Kauder, K., Ke, H. W., Keane, D., Kechechyan, A., Kelsey, M., Khyzhniak, Y. V., Kikoła, D. P., Kim, C., Kimelman, B., Kincses, D., Kisel, I., Kiselev, A., Knospe, A. G., Ko, H. S., Kochenda, L., Kosarzewski, L. K., Kramarik, L., Kravtsov, P., Kumar, L., Kumar, S., Elayavalli, R. Kunnawalkam, Kwasizur, J. H., acey, R. L, Lan, S., Landgraf, J. M., Lauret, J., Lebedev, A., Lednicky, R., Lee, J. H., Leung, Y. H., Li, C., Li, W., Li, X., Li, Y., Liang, X., Liang, Y ., Licenik, R., Lin, T., Lin, Y., Lisa, M. A., Liu, F., Liu, H., Liu, P., Liu, T., Liu, X., Liu, Y., Liu, Z., Ljubicic, T., e, W. J. Llop, Longacre, R. S., Loyd, E., Lukow, N. S., Luo, X. F., Ma, L., Ma, R., Ma, Y. G., Magdy, N., Mallick, D., Margetis, S., Markert, C., Matis, H. S., Mazer, J. A., Minaev, N. G., Mioduszewski, S., Mohanty, B., Mondal, M. M., Mooney, I., Morozov, D. A., Mukherjee, A., Nagy, M., Nam, J. D., sim, Md. Na, Nayak, K., Neff, D., Nelson, J. M., Nemes, D. B., Nie, M., Nigmatkulov, G., Niida, T., Nishitani, R., Nogach, L. V., Nonaka, T., Nunes, A. S., Odyniec, G., Ogawa, A., Oh, S., Okorokov, V. A., Page, B. S., Pak, R., Pan, J., Pandav, A., Pandey, A. K., Panebratsev, Y., Parfenov, P., k, B. Pawli, Pawlowska, D., Pei, H., Perkins, C., Pinsky, L., Pintér, R. L., Pluta, J., Pokhrel, B. R., Ponimatkin, G., Porter, J., Posik, M., ova, V. Prozor, Pruthi, N. K., Przybycien, M., Putschke, J., Qiu, H., Quintero, A., Racz, C., Radhakrishnan, S. K., Raha, N., Ray, R. L., Reed, R., ter, H. G. Rit, Robotkova, M., Rogachevskiy, O. V., Romero, J. L., Roy, D., Ruan, L., Rusnak, J., Sahoo, N. R., Sako, H., Salur, S., Sandweiss, J., Sato, S., Schmidke, W. B., Schmitz, N., Schweid, B. R., Seck, F., Seger, J., Sergeeva, M., Seto, R., Seyboth, P., Shah, N., Shahaliev, E., han, P. V. Shanmuganat, Shao, M., Shao, T., Sheikh, A. I., Shen, D., Shi, S. S., Shi, Y., Shou, Q. Y., Sichtermann, E. P., Sikora, R., Simko, M., Singh, J., Singha, S., Skoby, M. J., Smirnov, N., Söhngen, Y., Solyst, W., Sorensen, P., Spinka, H. M., Srivastava, B., Stanislaus, T. D. S., Stefaniak, M., Stewart, D. J., Strikhanov, M., Stringfellow, B., Suaide, A. A. P., Sumbera, M., Summa, B., Sun, X. M., Sun, X., Sun, Y., Surrow, B., rida, D. N. Svi, Sweger, Z. W., Szymanski, P., Tang, A. H., Tang, Z., Taranenko, A., Tarnowsky, T., Thomas, J. H., Timmins, A. R., Tlusty, D., Todoroki, T., Tokarev, M., Tomkiel, C. A., Trentalange, S., Tribble, R. E., Tribedy, P., Tripathy, S. K., Truhlar, T., Trzeciak, B. A., Tsai, O. D., Tu, Z., Ullrich, T., Underwood, D. G., Upsal, I., Van Buren, G., Vanek, J., Vasiliev, A. N., Vassiliev, I., Verkest, V., Videbæk, F., Vokal, S., loshin, S. A. Vo, Wang, F., Wang, G., Wang, J. S., Wang, P., Wang, Y., Wang, Z., Webb, J. C., Weidenkaff, P. C., Wen, L., Westfall, G. D., n, H. Wiema, Wissink, S. W., Wu, J., Wu, Y., Xi, B., Xiao, Z. G., Xie, G., Xie, W., Xu, H., Xu, N., Xu, Q. H., Xu, Y., Xu, Z., Yang, C., Yang, Q., g, S. Yan, Yang, Y., Ye, Z., Yi, L., Yip, K., Yu, Y., Zbroszczyk, H., Zha, W., Zhang, C., Zhang, D., Zhang, J., Zhang, S., Zhang, X. P., Zhang, Y., Zhang, Z. J., Zhang, Z., Zhao, J., Zhou, C., Zhu, X., Zurek, M., and Zyzak, M.
Subjects: Nuclear Experiment, High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract: We report a new measurement of the production cross section for inclusive electrons from open heavy-flavor hadron decays as a function of transverse momentum ($p_{\rm T}$) at mid-rapidity ($|y|<$ 0.7) in $p$+$p$ collisions at $\sqrt{s} = 200$ GeV. The result is presented for 2.5 $
Published: 2021
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37. Differential measurements of jet substructure and partonic energy loss in Au$+$Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\rm{NN}}} =200$ GeV

Author: STAR Collaboration, Abdallah, M. S., Aboona, B. E., Adam, J., Adamczyk, L., Adams, J. R., Adkins, J. K., Agakishiev, G., Aggarwal, I., Aggarwal, M. M., Ahammed, Z., Alekseev, I., Anderson, D. M., Aparin, A., Aschenauer, E. C., Ashraf, M. U., Atetalla, F. G., Attri, A., Averichev, G. S., Bairathi, V., Baker, W., Cap, J. G. Ball, Barish, K., Behera, A., Bellwied, R., Bhagat, P., Bhasin, A., Bielcik, J., Bielcikova, J., Bordyuzhin, I. G., Brandenburg, J. D., Brandin, A. V., Bunzarov, I., Cai, X. Z., Caines, H., Sánchez, M. Calderón de la Barca, Cebra, D., Chakaberia, I., Chaloupka, P., Chan, B. K., Chang, F-H., Chang, Z., Chankova-Bunzarova, N., Chatterjee, A., Chattopadhyay, S., Chen, D., Chen, J., Chen, J. H., Chen, X., Chen, Z., Cheng, J., Chevalier, M., Choudhury, S., Christie, W., Chu, X., Crawford, H. J., Csanád, M., Daugherity, M., Dedovich, T. G., Deppner, I. M., Derevschikov, A. A., Dhamija, A., Di Carlo, L., Didenko, L., Dixit, P., Dong, X., Drachenberg, J. L., Duckworth, E., Dunlop, J. C., Elsey, N., Engelage, J., Eppley, G., Esumi, S., Evdokimov, O., Ewigleben, A., Eyser, O., Fatemi, R., Fawzi, F. M., Fazio, S., Federic, P., Fedorisin, J., Feng, C. J., Feng, Y., Filip, P., Finch, E., Fisyak, Y., Francisco, A., Fu, C., Fulek, L., Gagliardi, C. A., Galatyuk, T., Geurts, F., Ghimire, N., Gibson, A., Gopal, K., Gou, X., Grosnick, D., Gupta, A., Guryn, W., Hamad, A. I., Hamed, A., Han, Y., Harabasz, S., Harasty, M. D., Harris, J. W., Harrison, H., He, S., He, W., He, X. H., He, Y., Heppelmann, S., Herrmann, N., Hoffman, E., Holub, L., Hu, Y., Huang, H., Huang, H. Z., Huang, S. L., Huang, T., Huang, X., Huang, Y., Humanic, T. J., Igo, G., Isenhower, D., Jacobs, W. W., Jena, C., Jentsch, A., Ji, Y., Jia, J., Jiang, K., Ju, X., Judd, E. G., Kabana, S., Kabir, M. L., Kagamaster, S., Kalinkin, D., Kang, K., Kapukchyan, D., Kauder, K., Ke, H. W., Keane, D., Kechechyan, A., Kelsey, M., Khyzhniak, Y. V., Kikoła, D. P., Kim, C., Kimelman, B., Kincses, D., Kisel, I., Kiselev, A., Knospe, A. G., Ko, H. S., Kochenda, L., Kosarzewski, L. K., Kramarik, L., Kravtsov, P., Kumar, L., Kumar, S., Elayavalli, R. Kunnawalkam, Kwasizur, J. H., Lacey, R., Lan, S., Landgraf, J. M., Lauret, J., Lebedev, A., Lednicky, R., Lee, J. H., Leung, Y. H., Li, C., Li, W., Li, X., Li, Y., Liang, X., Liang, Y., Licenik, R., Lin, T., Lin, Y., Lisa, M. A., Liu, F., Liu, H., Liu, P., Liu, T., Liu, X., Liu, Y., Liu, Z., Ljubicic, T., Llope, W. J., Longacre, R. S., Loyd, E., Lukow, N. S., Luo, X. F., Ma, L., Ma, R., Ma, Y. G., Magdy, N., Mallick, D., Margetis, S., Markert, C., Matis, H. S., Mazer, J. A., Minaev, N. G., Mioduszewski, S., Mohanty, B., Mondal, M. M., Mooney, I., Morozov, D. A., Mukherjee, A., Nagy, M., Nam, J. D., Nasim, Md., Nayak, K., Neff, D., Nelson, J. M., Nemes, D. B., Nie, M., Nigmatkulov, G., Niida, T., Nishitani, R., Nogach, L. V., Nonaka, T., Nunes, A. S., Odyniec, G., Ogawa, A., Oh, S., Okorokov, V. A., Page, B. S., Pak, R., Pan, J., Pandav, A., Pandey, A. K., Panebratsev, Y., Parfenov, P., Pawlik, B., Pawlowska, D., Perkins, C., Pinsky, L., Pintér, R. L., Pluta, J., Pokhrel, B. R., Ponimatkin, G., Porter, J., Posik, M., Prozorova, V., Pruthi, N. K., Przybycien, M., Putschke, J., Qiu, H., Quintero, A., Racz, C., Radhakrishnan, S. K., Raha, N., Ray, R. L., Reed, R., Ritter, H. G., Robotkova, M., Rogachevskiy, O. V., Romero, J. L., Roy, D., Ruan, L., Rusnak, J., Sahoo, N. R., Sako, H., Salur, S., Sandweiss, J., Sato, S., Schmidke, W. B., Schmitz, N., Schweid, B. R., Seck, F., Seger, J., Sergeeva, M., Seto, R., Seyboth, P., Shah, N., Shahaliev, E., Shanmuganathan, P. V., Shao, M., Shao, T., Sheikh, A. I., Shen, D., Shi, S. S., Shi, Y., Shou, Q. Y., Sichtermann, E. P., Sikora, R., Simko, M., Singh, J., Singha, S., Skoby, M. J., Smirnov, N., Söhngen, Y., Solyst, W., Sorensen, P., Spinka, H. M., Srivastava, B., Stanislaus, T. D. S., Stefaniak, M., Stewart, D. J., Strikhanov, M., Stringfellow, B., Suaide, A. A. P., Sumbera, M., Summa, B., Sun, X. M., Sun, X., Sun, Y., Surrow, B., Svirida, D. N., Sweger, Z. W., Szymanski, P., Tang, A. H., Tang, Z., Taranenko, A., Tarnowsky, T., Thomas, J. H., Timmins, A. R., Tlusty, D., Todoroki, T., Tokarev, M., Tomkiel, C. A., Trentalange, S., Tribble, R. E., Tribedy, P., Tripathy, S. K., Truhlar, T., Trzeciak, B. A., Tsai, O. D., Tu, Z., Ullrich, T., Underwood, D. G., Upsal, I., Van Buren, G., Vanek, J., Vasiliev, A. N., Vassiliev, I., Verkest, V., Videbæk, F., Vokal, S., Voloshin, S. A., Wang, F., Wang, G., Wang, J. S., Wang, P., Wang, Y., Wang, Z., Webb, J. C., Weidenkaff, P. C., Wen, L., Westfall, G. D., Wieman, H., Wissink, S. W., Wu, J., Wu, Y., Xi, B., Xiao, Z. G., Xie, G., Xie, W., Xu, H., Xu, N., Xu, Q. H., Xu, Y., Xu, Z., Yang, C., Yang, Q., Yang, S., Yang, Y., Ye, Z., Yi, L., Yip, K., Yu, Y., Zbroszczyk, H., Zha, W., Zhang, C., Zhang, D., Zhang, J., Zhang, S., Zhang, X. P., Zhang, Y., Zhang, Z. J., Zhang, Z., Zhao, J., Zhou, C., Zhu, X., Zurek, M., and Zyzak, M.
Subjects: Nuclear Experiment, High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract: The STAR collaboration presents jet substructure measurements related to both the momentum fraction and the opening angle within jets in \pp and \AuAu collisions at \sqrtsn $= 200$ GeV. The substructure observables include SoftDrop groomed momentum fraction (\zg), groomed jet radius (\rg), and subjet momentum fraction (\zsj) and opening angle (\tsj). The latter observable is introduced for the first time. Fully corrected subjet measurements are presented for \pp collisions and are compared to leading order Monte Carlo models. The subjet \tsj~distributions reflect the jets leading opening angle and are utilized as a proxy for the resolution scale of the medium in \AuAu collisions. We compare data from \AuAu collisions to those from \pp which are embedded in minimum-bias \AuAu events in order to include the effects of detector smearing and the heavy-ion collision underlying event. The subjet observables are shown to be more robust to the background than \zg~and \rg. We observe no significant modifications of the subjet observables within the two highest-energy, back-to-back jets, resulting in a distribution of opening angles and the splittings that are vacuum-like. We also report measurements of the differential di-jet momentum imbalance ($A_{\rm{J}}$) for jets of varying \tsj. We find no qualitative differences in energy loss signatures for varying angular scales in the range $0.1 < $ \tsj $ < 0.3$, leading to the possible interpretation that energy loss in this population of high momentum di-jet pairs, is due to soft medium-induced gluon radiation from a single color-charge as it traverses the medium., Comment: 17 pages, 11 figures, 1 Appendix. Published version
Published: 2021
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38. Probing the gluonic structure of the deuteron with $J/\psi$ photoproduction in d+Au ultra-peripheral collisions

Author: STAR Collaboration, Abdallah, M. S., Aboona, B. E., Adam, J., Adamczyk, L., Adams, J. R., Adkins, J. K., Agakishiev, G., Aggarwal, I., Aggarwal, M. M., Ahammed, Z., Alekseev, I., Anderson, D. M., Aparin, A., Aschenauer, E. C., Ashraf, M. U., Atetalla, F. G., Attri, A., Averichev, G. S., Bairathi, V., Baker, W., Cap, J. G. Ball, Barish, K., Behera, A., Bellwied, R., Bhagat, P., Bhasin, A., Bielcik, J., Bielcikova, J., Bordyuzhin, I. G., Brandenburg, J. D., Brandin, A. V., Bunzarov, I., Cai, X. Z., Caines, H., Sánchez, M. Calderón de la Barca, Cebra, D., Chakaberia, I., Chaloupka, P., Chan, B. K., Chang, F-H., Chang, Z., Chankova-Bunzarova, N., Chatterjee, A., Chattopadhyay, S., Chen, D., Chen, J., Chen, J. H., Chen, X., Chen, Z., Cheng, J., Chevalier, M., Choudhury, S., Christie, W., Chu, X., Crawford, H. J., Csanád, M., Daugherity, M., Dedovich, T. G., Deppner, I. M., Derevschikov, A. A., Dhamija, A., Di Carlo, L., Didenko, L., Dixit, P., Dong, X., Drachenberg, J. L., Duckworth, E., Dunlop, J. C., Elsey, N., Engelage, J., Eppley, G., Esumi, S., Evdokimov, O., Ewigleben, A., Eyser, O., Fatemi, R., Fawzi, F. M., Fazio, S., Federic, P., Fedorisin, J., Feng, C. J., Feng, Y., Filip, P., Finch, E., Fisyak, Y., Francisco, A., Fu, C., Fulek, L., Gagliardi, C. A., Galatyuk, T., Geurts, F., Ghimire, N., Gibson, A., Gopal, K., Gou, X., Grosnick, D., Gupta, A., Guryn, W., Hamad, A. I., Hamed, A., Han, Y., Harabasz, S., Harasty, M. D., Harris, J. W., Harrison, H., He, S., He, W., He, X. H., He, Y., Heppelmann, S., Herrmann, N., Hoffman, E., Holub, L., Hu, Y., Huang, H., Huang, H. Z., Huang, S. L., Huang, T., Huang, X., Huang, Y., Humanic, T. J., Igo, G., Isenhower, D., Jacobs, W. W., Jena, C., Jentsch, A., Ji, Y., Jia, J., Jiang, K., Ju, X., Judd, E. G., Kabana, S., Kabir, M. L., Kagamaster, S., Kalinkin, D., Kang, K., Kapukchyan, D., Kauder, K., Ke, H. W., Keane, D., Kechechyan, A., Kelsey, M., Khyzhniak, Y. V., Kikoła, D. P., Kim, C., Kimelman, B., Kincses, D., Kisel, I., Kiselev, A., Knospe, A. G., Ko, H. S., Kochenda, L., Kosarzewski, L. K., Kramarik, L., Kravtsov, P., Kumar, L., Kumar, S., Elayavalli, R. Kunnawalkam, Kwasizur, J. H., Lacey, R., Lan, S., Landgraf, J. M., Lauret, J., Lebedev, A., Lednicky, R., Lee, J. H., Leung, Y. H., Lewis, N., Li, C., Li, W., Li, X., Li, Y., Liang, X., Liang, Y., Licenik, R., Lin, T., Lin, Y., Lisa, M. A., Liu, F., Liu, H., Liu, P., Liu, T., Liu, X., Liu, Y., Liu, Z., Ljubicic, T., Llope, W. J., Longacre, R. S., Loyd, E., Lukow, N. S., Luo, X. F., Ma, L., Ma, R., Ma, Y. G., Magdy, N., Mallick, D., Margetis, S., Markert, C., Matis, H. S., Mazer, J. A., Minaev, N. G., Mioduszewski, S., Mohanty, B., Mondal, M. M., Mooney, I., Morozov, D. A., Mukherjee, A., Nagy, M., Nam, J. D., Nasim, Md., Nayak, K., Neff, D., Nelson, J. M., Nemes, D. B., Nie, M., Nigmatkulov, G., Niida, T., Nishitani, R., Nogach, L. V., Nonaka, T., Nunes, A. S., Odyniec, G., Ogawa, A., Oh, S., Okorokov, V. A., Page, B. S., Pak, R., Pan, J., Pandav, A., Pandey, A. K., Panebratsev, Y., Parfenov, P., Pawlik, B., Pawlowska, D., Perkins, C., Pinsky, L., Pluta, J., Pokhrel, B. R., Ponimatkin, G., Porter, J., Posik, M., Prozorova, V., Pruthi, N. K., Przybycien, M., Putschke, J., Qiu, H., Quintero, A., Racz, C., Radhakrishnan, S. K., Raha, N., Ray, R. L., Reed, R., Ritter, H. G., Robotkova, M., Rogachevskiy, O. V., Romero, J. L., Roy, D., Ruan, L., Rusnak, J., Sahoo, A. K., Sahoo, N. R., Sako, H., Salur, S., Sandweiss, J., Sato, S., Schmidke, W. B., Schmitz, N., Schweid, B. R., Seck, F., Seger, J., Sergeeva, M., Seto, R., Seyboth, P., Shah, N., Shahaliev, E., Shanmuganathan, P. V., Shao, M., Shao, T., Sheikh, A. I., Shen, D. Y., Shi, S. S., Shi, Y., Shou, Q. Y., Sichtermann, E. P., Sikora, R., Simko, M., Singh, J., Singha, S., Skoby, M. J., Smirnov, N., Söhngen, Y., Solyst, W., Song, Y., Sorensen, P., Spinka, H. M., Srivastava, B., Stanislaus, T. D. S., Stefaniak, M., Stewart, D. J., Strikhanov, M., Stringfellow, B., Suaide, A. A. P., Sumbera, M., Summa, B., Sun, X. M., Sun, X., Sun, Y., Surrow, B., Svirida, D. N., Sweger, Z. W., Szymanski, P., Tang, A. H., Tang, Z., Taranenko, A., Tarnowsky, T., Thomas, J. H., Timmins, A. R., Tlusty, D., Todoroki, T., Tokarev, M., Tomkiel, C. A., Trentalange, S., Tribble, R. E., Tribedy, P., Tripathy, S. K., Truhlar, T., Trzeciak, B. A., Tsai, O. D., Tu, Z., Ullrich, T., Underwood, D. G., Upsal, I., Van Buren, G., Vanek, J., Vasiliev, A. N., Vassiliev, I., Verkest, V., Videbæk, F., Vokal, S., Voloshin, S. A., Wang, F., Wang, G., Wang, J. S., Wang, P., Wang, X., Wang, Y., Wang, Z., Webb, J. C., Weidenkaff, P. C., Wen, L., Westfall, G. D., Wieman, H., Wissink, S. W., Witt, R., Wu, J., Wu, Y., Xi, B., Xiao, Z. G., Xie, G., Xie, W., Xu, H., Xu, N., Xu, Q. H., Xu, Y., Xu, Z., Yan, G., Yang, C., Yang, Q., Yang, S., Yang, Y., Ye, Z., Yi, L., Yip, K., Yu, Y., Zbroszczyk, H., Zha, W., Zhang, C., Zhang, D., Zhang, J., Zhang, S., Zhang, X. P., Zhang, Y., Zhang, Z. J., Zhang, Z., Zhao, J., Zhou, C., Zhou, Y., Zhu, X., Zurek, M., and Zyzak, M.
Subjects: Nuclear Experiment, High Energy Physics - Experiment, Nuclear Theory
Abstract: Understanding gluon density distributions and how they are modified in nuclei are among the most important goals in nuclear physics. In recent years, diffractive vector meson production measured in ultra-peripheral collisions (UPCs) at heavy-ion colliders has provided a new tool for probing the gluon density. In this Letter, we report the first measurement of $J/\psi$ photoproduction off the deuteron in UPCs at the center-of-mass energy $\sqrt{s_{_{\rm NN}}}=200~\rm GeV$ in d$+$Au collisions. The differential cross section as a function of momentum transfer $-t$ is measured. In addition, data with a neutron tagged in the deuteron-going Zero-Degree Calorimeter is investigated for the first time, which is found to be consistent with the expectation of incoherent diffractive scattering at low momentum transfer. Theoretical predictions based on the Color Glass Condensate saturation model and the gluon shadowing model are compared with the data quantitatively. A better agreement with the saturation model has been observed. With the current measurement, the results are found to be directly sensitive to the gluon density distribution of the deuteron and the deuteron breakup, which provides insights into the nuclear gluonic structure., Comment: Final published version Phys. Rev. Lett. 128, 122303
Published: 2021
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39. Search for the Chiral Magnetic Effect with Isobar Collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 200 GeV by the STAR Collaboration at RHIC

Author: STAR Collaboration, Abdallah, M. S., Aboona, B. E., Adam, J., Adamczyk, L., Adams, J. R., Adkins, J. K., Agakishiev, G., Aggarwal, I., Aggarwal, M. M., Ahammed, Z., Alekseev, I., Anderson, D. M., Aparin, A., Aschenauer, E. C., Ashraf, M. U., Atetalla, F. G., Attri, A., Averichev, G. S., Bairathi, V., Baker, W., Cap, J. G. Ball, Barish, K., Behera, A., Bellwied, R., Bhagat, P., Bhasin, A., Bielcik, J., Bielcikova, J., Bordyuzhin, I. G., Brandenburg, J. D., Brandin, A. V., Bunzarov, I., Cai, X. Z., Caines, H., Sánchez, M. Calderón de la Barca, Cebra, D., Chakaberia, I., Chaloupka, P., Chan, B. K., Chang, F-H., Chang, Z., Chankova-Bunzarova, N., Chatterjee, A., Chattopadhyay, S., Chen, D., Chen, J., Chen, J. H., Chen, X., Chen, Z., Cheng, J., Chevalier, M., Choudhury, S., Christie, W., Chu, X., Crawford, H. J., Csanád, M., Daugherity, M., Dedovich, T. G., Deppner, I. M., Derevschikov, A. A., Dhamija, A., Di Carlo, L., Didenko, L., Dixit, P., Dong, X., Drachenberg, J. L., Duckworth, E., Dunlop, J. C., Elsey, N., Engelage, J., Eppley, G., Esumi, S., Evdokimov, O., Ewigleben, A., Eyser, O., Fatemi, R., Fawzi, F. M., Fazio, S., Federic, P., Fedorisin, J., Feng, C. J., Feng, Y., Filip, P., Finch, E., Fisyak, Y., Francisco, A., Fu, C., Fulek, L., Gagliardi, C. A., Galatyuk, T., Geurts, F., Ghimire, N., Gibson, A., Gopal, K., Gou, X., Grosnick, D., Gupta, A., Guryn, W., Hamad, A. I., Hamed, A., Han, Y., Harabasz, S., Harasty, M. D., Harris, J. W., Harrison, H., He, S., He, W., He, X. H., He, Y., Heppelmann, S., Herrmann, N., Hoffman, E., Holub, L., Hu, Y., Huang, H., Huang, H. Z., Huang, S. L., Huang, T., Huang, X., Huang, Y., Humanic, T. J., Igo, G., Isenhower, D., Jacobs, W. W., Jena, C., Jentsch, A., Ji, Y., Jia, J., Jiang, K., Ju, X., Judd, E. G., Kabana, S., Kabir, M. L., Kagamaster, S., Kalinkin, D., Kang, K., Kapukchyan, D., Kauder, K., Ke, H. W., Keane, D., Kechechyan, A., Kelsey, M., Khyzhniak, Y. V., Kikoła, D. P., Kim, C., Kimelman, B., Kincses, D., Kisel, I., Kiselev, A., Knospe, A. G., Ko, H. S., Kochenda, L., Kosarzewski, L. K., Kramarik, L., Kravtsov, P., Kumar, L., Kumar, S., Elayavalli, R. Kunnawalkam, Kwasizur, J. H., Lacey, R., Lan, S., Landgraf, J. M., Lauret, J., Lebedev, A., Lednicky, R., Lee, J. H., Leung, Y. H., Li, C., Li, W., Li, X., Li, Y., Liang, X., Liang, Y., Licenik, R., Lin, T., Lin, Y., Lisa, M. A., Liu, F., Liu, H., Liu, P., Liu, T., Liu, X., Liu, Y., Liu, Z., Ljubicic, T., Llope, W. J., Longacre, R. S., Loyd, E., Lukow, N. S., Luo, X. F., Ma, L., Ma, R., Ma, Y. G., Magdy, N., Mallick, D., Margetis, S., Markert, C., Matis, H. S., Mazer, J. A., Minaev, N. G., Mioduszewski, S., Mohanty, B., Mondal, M. M., Mooney, I., Morozov, D. A., Mukherjee, A., Nagy, M., Nam, J. D., Nasim, Md., Nayak, K., Neff, D., Nelson, J. M., Nemes, D. B., Nie, M., Nigmatkulov, G., Niida, T., Nishitani, R., Nogach, L. V., Nonaka, T., Nunes, A. S., Odyniec, G., Ogawa, A., Oh, S., Okorokov, V. A., Page, B. S., Pak, R., Pan, J., Pandav, A., Pandey, A. K., Panebratsev, Y., Parfenov, P., Pawlik, B., Pawlowska, D., Perkins, C., Pinsky, L., Pintér, R. L., Pluta, J., Pokhrel, B. R., Ponimatkin, G., Porter, J., Posik, M., Prozorova, V., Pruthi, N. K., Przybycien, M., Putschke, J., Qiu, H., Quintero, A., Racz, C., Radhakrishnan, S. K., Raha, N., Ray, R. L., Reed, R., Ritter, H. G., Robotkova, M., Rogachevskiy, O. V., Romero, J. L., Roy, D., Ruan, L., Rusnak, J., Sahoo, A. K., Sahoo, N. R., Sako, H., Salur, S., Sandweiss, J., Sato, S., Schmidke, W. B., Schmitz, N., Schweid, B. R., Seck, F., Seger, J., Sergeeva, M., Seto, R., Seyboth, P., Shah, N., Shahaliev, E., Shanmuganathan, P. V., Shao, M., Shao, T., Sheikh, A. I., Shen, D. Y., Shi, S. S., Shi, Y., Shou, Q. Y., Sichtermann, E. P., Sikora, R., Simko, M., Singh, J., Singha, S., Skoby, M. J., Smirnov, N., Söhngen, Y., Solyst, W., Sorensen, P., Spinka, H. M., Srivastava, B., Stanislaus, T. D. S., Stefaniak, M., Stewart, D. J., Strikhanov, M., Stringfellow, B., Suaide, A. A. P., Sumbera, M., Summa, B., Sun, X. M., Sun, X., Sun, Y., Surrow, B., Svirida, D. N., Sweger, Z. W., Szymanski, P., Tang, A. H., Tang, Z., Taranenko, A., Tarnowsky, T., Thomas, J. H., Timmins, A. R., Tlusty, D., Todoroki, T., Tokarev, M., Tomkiel, C. A., Trentalange, S., Tribble, R. E., Tribedy, P., Tripathy, S. K., Truhlar, T., Trzeciak, B. A., Tsai, O. D., Tu, Z., Ullrich, T., Underwood, D. G., Upsal, I., Van Buren, G., Vanek, J., Vasiliev, A. N., Vassiliev, I., Verkest, V., Videbæk, F., Vokal, S., Voloshin, S. A., Wang, F., Wang, G., Wang, J. S., Wang, P., Wang, Y., Wang, Z., Webb, J. C., Weidenkaff, P. C., Wen, L., Westfall, G. D., Wieman, H., Wissink, S. W., Wu, J., Wu, Y., Xi, B., Xiao, Z. G., Xie, G., Xie, W., Xu, H., Xu, N., Xu, Q. H., Xu, Y., Xu, Z., Yang, C., Yang, Q., Yang, S., Yang, Y., Ye, Z., Yi, L., Yip, K., Yu, Y., Zbroszczyk, H., Zha, W., Zhang, C., Zhang, D., Zhang, J., Zhang, S., Zhang, X. P., Zhang, Y., Zhang, Z. J., Zhang, Z., Zhao, J., Zhou, C., Zhu, X., Zurek, M., and Zyzak, M.
Subjects: Nuclear Experiment, High Energy Physics - Experiment, High Energy Physics - Phenomenology, Nuclear Theory
Abstract: The chiral magnetic effect (CME) is predicted to occur as a consequence of a local violation of $\cal P$ and $\cal CP$ symmetries of the strong interaction amidst a strong electro-magnetic field generated in relativistic heavy-ion collisions. Experimental manifestation of the CME involves a separation of positively and negatively charged hadrons along the direction of the magnetic field. Previous measurements of the CME-sensitive charge-separation observables remain inconclusive because of large background contributions. In order to better control the influence of signal and backgrounds, the STAR Collaboration performed a blind analysis of a large data sample of approximately 3.8 billion isobar collisions of $^{96}_{44}$Ru+$^{96}_{44}$Ru and $^{96}_{40}$Zr+$^{96}_{40}$Zr at $\sqrt{s_{\rm NN}}=200$ GeV. Prior to the blind analysis, the CME signatures are predefined as a significant excess of the CME-sensitive observables in Ru+Ru collisions over those in Zr+Zr collisions, owing to a larger magnetic field in the former. A precision down to 0.4% is achieved, as anticipated, in the relative magnitudes of the pertinent observables between the two isobar systems. Observed differences in the multiplicity and flow harmonics at the matching centrality indicate that the magnitude of the CME background is different between the two species. No CME signature that satisfies the predefined criteria has been observed in isobar collisions in this blind analysis., Comment: 43 pages, 27 figures
Published: 2021

40. Probing Strangeness Canonical Ensemble with $K^{-}$, $\phi(1020)$ and $\Xi^{-}$ Production in Au+Au Collisions at ${\sqrt{s_{\rm NN}} = \rm{3\,GeV}}$

Author: STAR Collaboration, Abdallah, M. S., Aboona, B. E., Adam, J., Adamczyk, L., Adams, J. R., Adkins, J. K., Agakishiev, G., Aggarwal, I., Aggarwal, M. M., Ahammed, Z., Alekseev, I., Anderson, D. M., Aparin, A., Aschenauer, E. C., Ashraf, M. U., Atetalla, F. G., Attri, A., Averichev, G. S., Bairathi, V., Baker, W., Cap, J. G. Ball, Barish, K., Behera, A., Bellwied, R., Bhagat, P., Bhasin, A., Bielcik, J., Bielcikova, J., Bordyuzhin, I. G., Brandenburg, J. D., Brandin, A. V., Bunzarov, I., Butterworth, J., Cai, X. Z., Caines, H., Sánchez, M. Calderón de la Barca, Cebra, D., Chakaberia, I., Chaloupka, P., Chan, B. K., Chang, F-H., Chang, Z., Chankova-Bunzarova, N., Chatterjee, A., Chattopadhyay, S., Chen, D., Chen, J., Chen, J. H., Chen, X., Chen, Z., Cheng, J., Chevalier, M., Choudhury, S., Christie, W., Chu, X., Crawford, H. J., Csanád, M., Daugherity, M., Dedovich, T. G., Deppner, I. M., Derevschikov, A. A., Dhamija, A., Di Carlo, L., Didenko, L., Dixit, P., Dong, X., Drachenberg, J. L., Duckworth, E., Dunlop, J. C., Elsey, N., Engelage, J., Eppley, G., Esumi, S., Evdokimov, O., Ewigleben, A., Eyser, O., Fatemi, R., Fawzi, F. M., Fazio, S., Federic, P., Fedorisin, J., Feng, C. J., Feng, Y., Filip, P., Finch, E., Fisyak, Y., Francisco, A., Fu, C., Fulek, L., Gagliardi, C. A., Galatyuk, T., Geurts, F., Ghimire, N., Gibson, A., Gopal, K., Gou, X., Grosnick, D., Gupta, A., Guryn, W., Hamad, A. I., Hamed, A., Han, Y., Harabasz, S., Harasty, M. D., Harris, J. W., Harrison, H., He, S., He, W., He, X. H., He, Y., Heppelmann, S., Herrmann, N., Hoffman, E., Holub, L., Hu, Y., Huang, H., Huang, H. Z., Huang, S. L., Huang, T., Huang, X., Huang, Y., Humanic, T. J., Igo, G., Isenhower, D., Jacobs, W. W., Jena, C., Jentsch, A., Ji, Y., Jia, J., Jiang, K., Ju, X., Judd, E. G., Kabana, S., Kabir, M. L., Kagamaster, S., Kalinkin, D., Kang, K., Kapukchyan, D., Kauder, K., Ke, H. W., Keane, D., Kechechyan, A., Kelsey, M., Khyzhniak, Y. V., Kikoła, D. P., Kim, C., Kimelman, B., Kincses, D., Kisel, I., Kiselev, A., Knospe, A. G., Ko, H. S., Kochenda, L., Kosarzewski, L. K., Kramarik, L., Kravtsov, P., Kumar, L., Kumar, S., Elayavalli, R. Kunnawalkam, Kwasizur, J. H., Lacey, R., Lan, S., Landgraf, J. M., Lauret, J., Lebedev, A., Lednicky, R., Lee, J. H., Leung, Y. H., Li, C., Li, W., Li, X., Li, Y., Liang, X., Liang, Y., Licenik, R., Lin, T., Lin, Y., Lisa, M. A., Liu, F., Liu, H., Liu, P., Liu, T., Liu, X., Liu, Y., Liu, Z., Ljubicic, T., Llope, W. J., Longacre, R. S., Loyd, E., Lukow, N. S., Luo, X. F., Ma, L., Ma, R., Ma, Y. G., Magdy, N., Mallick, D., Margetis, S., Markert, C., Matis, H. S., Mazer, J. A., Minaev, N. G., Mioduszewski, S., Mohanty, B., Mondal, M. M., Mooney, I., Morozov, D. A., Mukherjee, A., Nagy, M., Nam, J. D., Nasim, Md., Nayak, K., Neff, D., Nelson, J. M., Nemes, D. B., Nie, M., Nigmatkulov, G., Niida, T., Nishitani, R., Nogach, L. V., Nonaka, T., Nunes, A. S., Odyniec, G., Ogawa, A., Oh, S., Okorokov, V. A., Page, B. S., Pak, R., Pan, J., Pandav, A., Pandey, A. K., Panebratsev, Y., Parfenov, P., Pawlik, B., Pawlowska, D., Pei, H., Perkins, C., Pinsky, L., Pintér, R. L., Pluta, J., Pokhrel, B. R., Ponimatkin, G., Porter, J., Posik, M., Prozorova, V., Pruthi, N. K., Przybycien, M., Putschke, J., Qiu, H., Quintero, A., Racz, C., Radhakrishnan, S. K., Raha, N., Ray, R. L., Reed, R., Ritter, H. G., Robotkova, M., Rogachevskiy, O. V., Romero, J. L., Roy, D., Ruan, L., Rusnak, J., Sahoo, N. R., Sako, H., Salur, S., Sandweiss, J., Sato, S., Schmidke, W. B., Schmitz, N., Schweid, B. R., Seck, F., Seger, J., Sergeeva, M., Seto, R., Seyboth, P., Shah, N., Shahaliev, E., Shanmuganathan, P. V., Shao, M., Shao, T., Sheikh, A. I., Shen, D., Shi, S. S., Shi, Y., Shou, Q. Y., Sichtermann, E. P., Sikora, R., Simko, M., Singh, J., Singha, S., Skoby, M. J., Smirnov, N., Söhngen, Y., Solyst, W., Sorensen, P., Spinka, H. M., Srivastava, B., Stanislaus, T. D. S., Stefaniak, M., Stewart, D. J., Strikhanov, M., Stringfellow, B., Suaide, A. A. P., Sumbera, M., Summa, B., Sun, X. M., Sun, X., Sun, Y., Surrow, B., Svirida, D. N., Sweger, Z. W., Szymanski, P., Tang, A. H., Tang, Z., Taranenko, A., Tarnowsky, T., Thomas, J. H., Timmins, A. R., Tlusty, D., Todoroki, T., Tokarev, M., Tomkiel, C. A., Trentalange, S., Tribble, R. E., Tribedy, P., Tripathy, S. K., Truhlar, T., Trzeciak, B. A., Tsai, O. D., Tu, Z., Ullrich, T., Underwood, D. G., Upsal, I., Van Buren, G., Vanek, J., Vasiliev, A. N., Vassiliev, I., Verkest, V., Videbæk, F., Vokal, S., Voloshin, S. A., Wang, F., Wang, G., Wang, J. S., Wang, P., Wang, Y., Wang, Z., Webb, J. C., Weidenkaff, P. C., Wen, L., Westfall, G. D., Wieman, H., Wissink, S. W., Wu, J., Wu, Y., Xi, B., Xiao, Z. G., Xie, G., Xie, W., Xu, H., Xu, N., Xu, Q. H., Xu, Y., Xu, Z., Yang, C., Yang, Q., Yang, S., Yang, Y., Ye, Z., Yi, L., Yip, K., Yu, Y., Zbroszczyk, H., Zha, W., Zhang, C., Zhang, D., Zhang, J., Zhang, S., Zhang, X. P., Zhang, Y., Zhang, Z. J., Zhang, Z., Zhao, J., Zhou, C., Zhou, Y., Zhu, X., Zurek, M., and Zyzak, M.
Subjects: Nuclear Experiment, High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract: We report the first multi-differential measurements of strange hadrons of $K^{-}$, $\phi$ and $\Xi^{-}$ yields as well as the ratios of $\phi/K^-$ and $\phi/\Xi^-$ in Au+Au collisions at ${\sqrt{s_{\rm NN}} = \rm{3\,GeV}}$ with the STAR experiment fixed target configuration at RHIC. The $\phi$ mesons and $\Xi^{-}$ hyperons are measured through hadronic decay channels, $\phi\rightarrow K^+K^-$ and $\Xi^-\rightarrow \Lambda\pi^-$. Collision centrality and rapidity dependence of the transverse momentum spectra for these strange hadrons are presented. The $4\pi$ yields and ratios are compared to thermal model and hadronic transport model predictions. At this collision energy, thermal model with grand canonical ensemble (GCE) under-predicts the $\phi/K^-$ and $\phi/\Xi^-$ ratios while the result of canonical ensemble (CE) calculations reproduce $\phi/K^-$, with the correlation length $r_c \sim 2.7$\,fm, and $\phi/\Xi^-$, $r_c \sim 4.2$\,fm, for the 0-10\% central collisions. Hadronic transport models including high mass resonance decays could also describe the ratios. While thermal calculations with GCE work well for strangeness production in high energy collisions, the change to CE at $\rm{3\,GeV}$ implies a rather different medium property at high baryon density., Comment: 9 pages, 5 figures, 2 tables
Published: 2021
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41. Disappearance of partonic collectivity in $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 3 GeV Au+Au collisions at RHIC

Author: STAR Collaboration, Abdallah, M. S., Aboona, B. E., Adam, J., Adamczyk, L., Adams, J. R., Adkins, J. K., Agakishiev, G., Aggarwal, I., Aggarwal, M. M., Ahammed, Z., Alekseev, I., Anderson, D. M., Aparin, A., Aschenauer, E. C., Ashraf, M. U., Atetalla, F. G., Attri, A., Averichev, G. S., Bairathi, V., Baker, W., Cap, J. G. Ball, Barish, K., Behera, A., Bellwied, R., Bhagat, P., Bhasin, A., Bielcik, J., Bielcikova, J., Bordyuzhin, I. G., Brandenburg, J. D., Brandin, A. V., Bunzarov, I., Butterworth, J., Cai, X. Z., Caines, H., Sánchez, M. Calderóndela Barca, Cebra, D., Chakaberia, I., Chaloupka, P., Chan, B. K., Chang, F-H., Chang, Z., Chankova-Bunzarova, N., Chatterjee, A., Chattopadhyay, S., Chen, D., Chen, J., Chen, J. H., Chen, X., Chen, Z., Cheng, J., Chevalier, M., Choudhury, S., Christie, W., Chu, X., Crawford, H. J., Csanád, M., Daugherity, M., Dedovich, T. G., Deppner, I. M., Derevschikov, A. A., Dhamija, A., Di Carlo, L., Didenko, L., Dixit, P., Dong, X., Drachenberg, J. L., Duckworth, E., Dunlop, J. C., Elsey, N., Engelage, J., Eppley, G., Esumi, S., Evdokimov, O., Ewigleben, A., Eyser, O., Fatemi, R., Fawzi, F. M., Fazio, S., Federic, P., Fedorisin, J., Feng, C. J., Feng, Y., Filip, P., Finch, E., Fisyak, Y., Francisco, A., Fu, C., Fulek, L., Gagliardi, C. A., Galatyuk, T., Geurts, F., Ghimire, N., Gibson, A., Gopal, K., Gou, X., Grosnick, D., Gupta, A., Guryn, W., Hamad, A. I., Hamed, A., Han, Y., Harabasz, S., Harasty, M. D., Harris, J. W., Harrison, H., He, S., He, W., He, X. H., He, Y., Heppelmann, S., Herrmann, N., Hoffman, E., Holub, L., Hu, Y., Huang, H., Huang, H. Z., Huang, S. L., Huang, T., Huang, X., Huang, Y., Humanic, T. J., Igo, G., Isenhower, D., Jacobs, W. W., Jena, C., Jentsch, A., Ji, Y., Jia, J., Jiang, K., Ju, X., Judd, E. G., Kabana, S., Kabir, M. L., Kagamaster, S., Kalinkin, D., Kang, K., Kapukchyan, D., Kauder, K., Ke, H. W., Keane, D., Kechechyan, A., Kelsey, M., Khyzhniak, Y. V., Kikoła, D. P., Kim, C., Kimelman, B., Kincses, D., Kisel, I., Kiselev, A., Knospe, A. G., Ko, H. S., Kochenda, L., Kosarzewski, L. K., Kramarik, L., Kravtsov, P., Kumar, L., Kumar, S., Elayavalli, R. Kunnawalkam, Kwasizur, J. H., Lacey, R., Lan, S., Landgraf, J. M., Lauret, J., Lebedev, A., Lednicky, R., Lee, J. H., Leung, Y. H., Li, C., Li, W., Li, X., Li, Y., Liang, X., Liang, Y., Licenik, R., Lin, T., Lin, Y., Lisa, M. A., Liu, F., Liu, H., Liu, P., Liu, T., Liu, X., Liu, Y., Liu, Z., Ljubicic, T., Llope, W. J., Longacre, R. S., Loyd, E., Lukow, N. S., Luo, X. F., Ma, L., Ma, R., Ma, Y. G., Magdy, N., Mallick, D., Margetis, S., Markert, C., Matis, H. S., Mazer, J. A., Minaev, N. G., Mioduszewski, S., Mohanty, B., Mondal, M. M., Mooney, I., Morozov, D. A., Mukherjee, A., Nagy, M., Nam, J. D., Nasim, Md., Nayak, K., Neff, D., Nelson, J. M., Nemes, D. B., Nie, M., Nigmatkulov, G., Niida, T., Nishitani, R., Nogach, L. V., Nonaka, T., Nunes, A. S., Odyniec, G., Ogawa, A., Oh, S., Okorokov, V. A., Page, B. S., Pak, R., Pan, J., Pandav, A., Pandey, A. K., Panebratsev, Y., Parfenov, P., Pawlik, B., Pawlowska, D., Pei, H., Perkins, C., Pinsky, L., Pintér, R. L., Pluta, J., Pokhrel, B. R., Ponimatkin, G., Porter, J., Posik, M., Prozorova, V., Pruthi, N. K., Przybycien, M., Putschke, J., Qiu, H., Quintero, A., Racz, C., Radhakrishnan, S. K., Raha, N., Ray, R. L., Reed, R., Ritter, H. G., Robotkova, M., Rogachevskiy, O. V., Romero, J. L., Roy, D., Ruan, L., Rusnak, J., Sahoo, N. R., Sako, H., Salur, S., Sandweiss, J., Sato, S., Schmidke, W. B., Schmitz, N., Schweid, B. R., Seck, F., Seger, J., Sergeeva, M., Seto, R., Seyboth, P., Shah, N., Shahaliev, E., Shanmuganathan, P. V., Shao, M., Shao, T., Sheikh, A. I., Shen, D., Shi, S. S., Shi, Y., Shou, Q. Y., Sichtermann, E. P., Sikora, R., Simko, M., Singh, J., Singha, S., Skoby, M. J., Smirnov, N., Söhngen, Y., Solyst, W., Sorensen, P., Spinka, H. M., Srivastava, B., Stanislaus, T. D. S., Stefaniak, M., Stewart, D. J., Strikhanov, M., Stringfellow, B., Suaide, A. A. P., Sumbera, M., Summa, B., Sun, X. M., Sun, X., Sun, Y., Surrow, B., Svirida, D. N., Sweger, Z. W., Szymanski, P., Tang, A. H., Tang, Z., Taranenko, A., Tarnowsky, T., Thomas, J. H., Timmins, A. R., Tlusty, D., Todoroki, T., Tokarev, M., Tomkiel, C. A., Trentalange, S., Tribble, R. E., Tribedy, P., Tripathy, S. K., Truhlar, T., Trzeciak, B. A., Tsai, O. D., Tu, Z., Ullrich, T., Underwood, D. G., Upsal, I., Van Buren, G., Vanek, J., Vasiliev, A. N., Vassiliev, I., Verkest, V., Videbæk, F., Vokal, S., Voloshin, S. A., Wang, F., Wang, G., Wang, J. S., Wang, P., Wang, Y., Wang, Z., Webb, J. C., Weidenkaff, P. C., Wen, L., Westfall, G. D., Wieman, H., Wissink, S. W., Wu, J., Wu, Y., Xi, B., Xiao, Z. G., Xie, G., Xie, W., Xu, H., Xu, N., Xu, Q. H., Xu, Y., Xu, Z., Yang, C., Yang, Q., Yang, S., Yang, Y., Ye, Z., Yi, L., Yip, K., Yu, Y., Zbroszczyk, H., Zha, W., Zhang, C., Zhang, D., Zhang, J., Zhang, S., Zhang, X. P., Zhang, Y., Zhang, Z. J., Zhang, Z., Zhao, J., Zhou, C., Zhu, X., Zurek, M., and Zyzak, M.
Subjects: Nuclear Experiment, High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract: We report on the measurements of directed flow $v_1$ and elliptic flow $v_2$ for hadrons ($\pi^{\pm}$, $K^{\pm}$, $K_{S}^0$, $p$, $\phi$, $\Lambda$ and $\Xi^{-}$) from Au+Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 3\,GeV and $v_{2}$ for ($\pi^{\pm}$, $K^{\pm}$, $p$ and $\overline{p}$) at 27 and 54.4\,GeV with the STAR experiment. While at the two higher energy midcentral collisions the number-of-constituent-quark (NCQ) scaling holds, at 3\,GeV the $v_{2}$ at midrapidity is negative for all hadrons and the NCQ scaling is absent. In addition, the $v_1$ slopes at midrapidity for almost all observed hadrons are found to be positive, implying dominant repulsive baryonic interactions. The features of negative $v_2$ and positive $v_1$ slope at 3\,GeV can be reproduced with a baryonic mean-field in transport model calculations. These results imply that the medium in such collisions is likely characterized by baryonic interactions., Comment: 8 pages, 5 figures
Published: 2021
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42. Global $\Lambda$-hyperon polarization in Au+Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_\mathrm{NN}}=3$ GeV

Author: Abdallah, M. S., Aboona, B. E., Adam, J., Adamczyk, L., Adams, J. R., Adkins, J. K., Agakishiev, G., Aggarwal, I., Aggarwal, M. M., Ahammed, Z., Alekseev, I., Anderson, D. M., Aparin, A., Aschenauer, E. C., Ashraf, M. U., Atetalla, F. G., Attri, A., Averichev, G. S., Bairathi, V., Baker, W., Cap, J. G. Ball, Barish, K., Behera, A., Bellwied, R., Bhagat, P., Bhasin, A., Bielcik, J., Bielcikova, J., Bordyuzhin, I. G., Brandenburg, J. D., Brandin, A. V., Bunzarov, I., Butterworth, J., Cai, X. Z., Caines, H., Calderó, M., Cebra, D., Chakaberia, I., Chaloupka, P., Chan, B. K., Chang, F-H., Chang, Z., Chankova-Bunzarova, N., Chatterjee, A., Chattopadhyay, S., Chen, D., Chen, J., Chen, J. H., Chen, X., Chen, Z., Cheng, J., Chevalier, M., Choudhury, S., Christie, W., Chu, X., Crawford, H. J., Csaná, M., Daugherity, M., Dedovich, T. G., Deppner, I. M., Derevschikov, A. A., Dhamija, A., Di Carlo, L., Didenko, L., Dixit, P., Dong, X., Drachenberg, J. L., Duckworth, E., Dunlop, J. C., Elsey, N., Engelage, J., Eppley, G., Esumi, S., Evdokimov, O., Ewigleben, A., Eyser, O., Fatemi, R., Fawzi, F. M., Fazio, S., Federic, P., Fedorisin, J., Feng, C. J., Feng, Y., Filip, P., Finch, E., Fisyak, Y., Francisco, A., Fu, C., Fulek, L., Gagliardi, C. A., Galatyuk, T., Geurts, F., Ghimire, N., Gibson, A., Gopal, K., Gou, X., Grosnick, D., Gupta, A., Guryn, W., Hamad, A. I., Hamed, A., Han, Y., Harabasz, S., Harasty, M. D., Harris, J. W., Harrison, H., He, S., He, W., He, X. H., He, Y., Heppelmann, S., Herrmann, N., Hoffman, E., Holub, L., Hu, Y., Huang, H., Huang, H. Z., Huang, S. L., Huang, T., Huang, X., Huang, Y., Humanic, T. J., Igo, G., Isenhower, D., Jacobs, W. W., Jena, C., Jentsch, A., Ji, Y., Jia, J., Jiang, K., Ju, X., Judd, E. G., Kabana, S., Kabir, M. L., Kagamaster, S., Kalinkin, D., Kang, K., Kapukchyan, D., Kauder, K., Ke, H. W., Keane, D., Kechechyan, A., Kelsey, M., Khyzhniak, Y. V., Kikoł, D. P., Kim, C., Kimelman, B., Kincses, D., Kisel, I., Kiselev, A., Knospe, A. G., Ko, H. S., Kochenda, L., Kosarzewski, L. K., Kramarik, L., Kravtsov, P., Kumar, L., Kumar, S., Elayavalli, R. Kunnawalkam, Kwasizur, J. H., Lacey, R., Lan, S., Landgraf, J. M., Lauret, J., Lebedev, A., Lednicky, R., Lee, J. H., Leung, Y. H., Li, C., Li, W., Li, X., Li, Y., Liang, X., Liang, Y., Licenik, R., Lin, T., Lin, Y., Lisa, M. A., Liu, F., Liu, H., Liu, P., Liu, T., Liu, X., Liu, Y., Liu, Z., Ljubicic, T., Llope, W. J., Longacre, R. S., Loyd, E., Lukow, N. S., Luo, X. F., Ma, L., Ma, R., Ma, Y. G., Magdy, N., Mallick, D., Margetis, S., Markert, C., Matis, H. S., Mazer, J. A., Minaev, N. G., Mioduszewski, S., Mohanty, B., Mondal, M. M., Mooney, I., Morozov, D. A., Mukherjee, A., Nagy, M., Nam, J. D., Nasim, Md., Nayak, K., Neff, D., Nelson, J. M., Nemes, D. B., Nie, M., Nigmatkulov, G., Niida, T., Nishitani, R., Nogach, L. V., Nonaka, T., Nunes, A. S., Odyniec, G., Ogawa, A., Oh, S., Okorokov, V. A., Page, B. S., Pak, R., Pan, J., Pandav, A., Pandey, A. K., Panebratsev, Y., Parfenov, P., Pawlik, B., Pawlowska, D., Pei, H., Perkins, C., Pinsky, L., Pinté, R. L., Pluta, J., Pokhrel, B. R., Ponimatkin, G., Porter, J., Posik, M., Prozorova, V., Pruthi, N. K., Przybycien, M., Putschke, J., Qiu, H., Quintero, A., Racz, C., Radhakrishnan, S. K., Raha, N., Ray, R. L., Reed, R., Ritter, H. G., Robotkova, M., Rogachevskiy, O. V., Romero, J. L., Roy, D., Ruan, L., Rusnak, J., Sahoo, N. R., Sako, H., Salur, S., Sandweiss, J., Sato, S., Schmidke, W. B., Schmitz, N., Schweid, B. R., Seck, F., Seger, J., Sergeeva, M., Seto, R., Seyboth, P., Shah, N., Shahaliev, E., Shanmuganathan, P. V., Shao, M., Shao, T., Sheikh, A. I., Shen, D., Shi, S. S., Shi, Y., Shou, Q. Y., Sichtermann, E. P., Sikora, R., Simko, M., Singh, J., Singha, S., Skoby, M. J., Smirnov, N., Sö, Y., Solyst, W., Sorensen, P., Spinka, H. M., Srivastava, B., Stanislaus, T. D. S., Stefaniak, M., Stewart, D. J., Strikhanov, M., Stringfellow, B., Suaide, A. A. P., Sumbera, M., Summa, B., Sun, X. M., Sun, X., Sun, Y., Surrow, B., Svirida, D. N., Sweger, Z. W., Szymanski, P., Tang, A. H., Tang, Z., Taranenko, A., Tarnowsky, T., Thomas, J. H., Timmins, A. R., Tlusty, D., Todoroki, T., Tokarev, M., Tomkiel, C. A., Trentalange, S., Tribble, R. E., Tribedy, P., Tripathy, S. K., Truhlar, T., Trzeciak, B. A., Tsai, O. D., Tu, Z., Ullrich, T., Underwood, D. G., Upsal, I., Van Buren, G., Vanek, J., Vasiliev, A. N., Vassiliev, I., Verkest, V., Videbæk, F., Vokal, S., Voloshin, S. A., Wang, F., Wang, G., Wang, J. S., Wang, P., Wang, Y., Wang, Z., Webb, J. C., Weidenkaff, P. C., Wen, L., Westfall, G. D., Wieman, H., Wissink, S. W., Wu, J., Wu, Y., Xi, B., Xiao, Z. G., Xie, G., Xie, W., Xu, H., Xu, N., Xu, Q. H., Xu, Y., Xu, Z., Yang, C., Yang, Q., Yang, S., Yang, Y., Ye, Z., Yi, L., Yip, K., Yu, Y., Zbroszczyk, H., Zha, W., Zhang, C., Zhang, D., Zhang, J., Zhang, S., Zhang, X. P., Zhang, Y., Zhang, Z. J., Zhang, Z., Zhao, J., Zhou, C., Zhu, X., Zurek, M., and Zyzak, M.
Subjects: Nuclear Experiment
Abstract: Global hyperon polarization, $\overline{P}_\mathrm{H}$, in Au+Au collisions over a large range of collision energy, $\sqrt{s_\mathrm{NN}}$, was recently measured and successfully reproduced by hydrodynamic and transport models with intense fluid vorticity of the quark-gluon plasma. While na\"{i}ve extrapolation of data trends suggests a large $\overline{P}_\mathrm{H}$ as the collision energy is reduced, the behavior of $\overline{P}_\mathrm{H}$ at small $\sqrt{s_\mathrm{NN}}<7.7$ GeV is unknown. Operating the STAR experiment in fixed-target mode, we measured the polarization of $\Lambda$ hyperons along the direction of global angular momentum in Au+Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_\mathrm{NN}}=3$ GeV. The observation of substantial polarization of $4.91\pm0.81(\rm stat.)\pm0.15(\rm syst.)$% in these collisions may require a reexamination of the viscosity of any fluid created in the collision, of the thermalization timescale of rotational modes, and of hadronic mechanisms to produce global polarization., Comment: 9 pages, 6 figures
Published: 2021
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43. Search for the chiral magnetic effect via charge-dependent azimuthal correlations relative to spectator and participant planes in Au+Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 200 GeV

Author: STAR Collaboration, Abdallah, M. S., Adam, J., Adamczyk, L., Adams, J. R., Adkins, J. K., Agakishiev, G., Aggarwal, I., Aggarwal, M. M., Ahammed, Z., Alekseev, I., Anderson, D. M., Aparin, A., Aschenauer, E. C., Ashraf, M. U., Atetalla, F. G., Attri, A., Averichev, G. S., Bairathi, V., Baker, W., Cap, J. G. Ball, Barish, K., Behera, A., Bellwied, R., Bhagat, P., Bhasin, A., Bielcik, J., Bielcikova, J., Bordyuzhin, I. G., Brandenburg, J. D., Brandin, A. V., Bunzarov, I., Butterworth, J., Cai, X. Z., Caines, H., Sánchez, M. Calderón de la Barca, Cebra, D., Chakaberia, I., Chaloupka, P., Chan, B. K., Chang, F-H., Chang, Z., Chankova-Bunzarova, N., Chatterjee, A., Chattopadhyay, S., Chen, D., Chen, J., Chen, J. H., Chen, X., Chen, Z., Cheng, J., Chevalier, M., Choudhury, S., Christie, W., Chu, X., Crawford, H. J., Csanád, M., Daugherity, M., Dedovich, T. G., Deppner, I. M., Derevschikov, A. A., Dhamija, A., Di Carlo, L., Didenko, L., Dong, X., Drachenberg, J. L., Dunlop, J. C., Elsey, N., Engelage, J., Eppley, G., Esumi, S., Ewigleben, A., Eyser, O., Fatemi, R., Fawzi, F. M., Fazio, S., Federic, P., Fedorisin, J., Feng, C. J., Feng, Y., Filip, P., Finch, E., Fisyak, Y., Francisco, A., Fu, C., Fulek, L., Gagliardi, C. A., Galatyuk, T., Geurts, F., Ghimire, N., Gibson, A., Gopal, K., Gou, X., Grosnick, D., Gupta, A., Guryn, W., Hamad, A. I., Hamed, A., Han, Y., Harabasz, S., Harasty, M. D., Harris, J. W., Harrison, H., He, S., He, W., He, X. H., He, Y., Heppelmann, S., Herrmann, N., Hoffman, E., Holub, L., Hu, Y., Huang, H., Huang, H. Z., Huang, S. L., Huang, T., Huang, X., Huang, Y., Humanic, T. J., Igo, G., Isenhower, D., Jacobs, W. W., Jena, C., Jentsch, A., Ji, Y., Jia, J., Jiang, K., Ju, X., Judd, E. G., Kabana, S., Kabir, M. L., Kagamaster, S., Kalinkin, D., Kang, K., Kapukchyan, D., Kauder, K., Ke, H. W., Keane, D., Kechechyan, A., Khyzhniak, Y. V., Kikoła, D. P., Kim, C., Kimelman, B., Kincses, D., Kisel, I., Kiselev, A., Knospe, A. G., Kochenda, L., Kosarzewski, L. K., Kramarik, L., Kravtsov, P., Kumar, L., Kumar, S., Elayavalli, R. Kunnawalkam, Kwasizur, J. H., Lan, S., Landgraf, J. M., Lauret, J., Lebedev, A., Lednicky, R., Lee, J. H., Leung, Y. H., Li, C., Li, W., Li, X., Li, Y., Liang, X., Liang, Y., Licenik, R., Lin, T., Lin, Y., Lisa, M. A., Liu, F., Liu, H., Liu, P., Liu, T., Liu, X., Liu, Y., Liu, Z., Ljubicic, T., Llope, W. J., Longacre, R. S., Loyd, E., Lukow, N. S., Luo, X., Ma, L., Ma, R., Ma, Y. G., Magdy, N., Majka, R., Mallick, D., Margetis, S., Markert, C., Matis, H. S., Mazer, J. A., Minaev, N. G., Mioduszewski, S., Mohanty, B., Mondal, M. M., Mooney, I., Morozov, D. A., Mukherjee, A., Nagy, M., Nam, J. D., Nasim, Md., Nayak, K., Neff, D., Nelson, J. M., Nemes, D. B., Nie, M., Nigmatkulov, G., Niida, T., Nishitani, R., Nogach, L. V., Nonaka, T., Nunes, A. S., Odyniec, G., Ogawa, A., Oh, S., Okorokov, V. A., Page, B. S., Pak, R., Pandav, A., Pandey, A. K., Panebratsev, Y., Parfenov, P., Pawlik, B., Pawlowska, D., Pei, H., Perkins, C., Pinsky, L., Pintér, R. L., Pluta, J., Pokhrel, B. R., Ponimatkin, G., Porter, J., Posik, M., Prozorova, V., Pruthi, N. K., Przybycien, M., Putschke, J., Qiu, H., Quintero, A., Racz, C., Radhakrishnan, S. K., Raha, N., Ray, R. L., Reed, R., Ritter, H. G., Robotkova, M., Rogachevskiy, O. V., Romero, J. L., Ruan, L., Rusnak, J., Sahoo, N. R., Sako, H., Salur, S., Sandweiss, J., Sato, S., Schmidke, W. B., Schmitz, N., Schweid, B. R., Seck, F., Seger, J., Sergeeva, M., Seto, R., Seyboth, P., Shah, N., Shahaliev, E., Shanmuganathan, P. V., Shao, M., Shao, T., Sheikh, A. I., Shen, D., Shi, S. S., Shi, Y., Shou, Q. Y., Sichtermann, E. P., Sikora, R., Simko, M., Singh, J., Singha, S., Skoby, M. J., Smirnov, N., Söhngen, Y., Solyst, W., Sorensen, P., Spinka, H. M., Srivastava, B., Stanislaus, T. D. S., Stefaniak, M., Stewart, D. J., Strikhanov, M., Stringfellow, B., Suaide, A. A. P., Sumbera, M., Summa, B., Sun, X. M., Sun, X., Sun, Y., Surrow, B., Svirida, D. N., Sweger, Z. W., Szymanski, P., Tang, A. H., Tang, Z., Taranenko, A., Tarnowsky, T., Thomas, J. H., Timmins, A. R., Tlusty, D., Todoroki, T., Tokarev, M., Tomkiel, C. A., Trentalange, S., Tribble, R. E., Tribedy, P., Tripathy, S. K., Truhlar, T., Trzeciak, B. A., Tsai, O. D., Tu, Z., Ullrich, T., Underwood, D. G., Upsal, I., Van Buren, G., Vanek, J., Vasiliev, A. N., Vassiliev, I., Verkest, V., Videbæk, F., Vokal, S., Voloshin, S. A., Wang, F., Wang, G., Wang, J. S., Wang, P., Wang, Y., Wang, Z., Webb, J. C., Weidenkaff, P. C., Wen, L., Westfall, G. D., Wieman, H., Wissink, S. W., Wu, J., Wu, Y., Xi, B., Xiao, Z. G., Xie, G., Xie, W., Xu, H., Xu, N., Xu, Q. H., Xu, Y., Xu, Z., Yang, C., Yang, Q., Yang, S., Yang, Y., Ye, Z., Yi, L., Yip, K., Yu, Y., Zbroszczyk, H., Zha, W., Zhang, C., Zhang, D., Zhang, S., Zhang, X. P., Zhang, Y., Zhang, Z. J., Zhang, Z., Zhao, J., Zhou, C., Zhu, X., Zhu, Z., Zurek, M., and Zyzak, M.
Subjects: Nuclear Experiment, High Energy Physics - Experiment, High Energy Physics - Phenomenology, Nuclear Theory
Abstract: The chiral magnetic effect (CME) refers to charge separation along a strong magnetic field due to imbalanced chirality of quarks in local parity and charge-parity violating domains in quantum chromodynamics. The experimental measurement of the charge separation is made difficult by the presence of a major background from elliptic azimuthal anisotropy. This background and the CME signal have different sensitivities to the spectator and participant planes, and could thus be determined by measurements with respect to these planes. We report such measurements in Au+Au collisions at a nucleon-nucleon center-of-mass energy of 200 GeV at the Relativistic Heavy-Ion Collider. It is found that the charge separation, with the flow background removed, is consistent with zero in peripheral (large impact parameter) collisions. Some indication of finite CME signals is seen in mid-central (intermediate impact parameter) collisions. Significant residual background effects may, however, still be present., Comment: PRL published version
Published: 2021
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44. Measurement of the Sixth-Order Cumulant of Net-Proton Multiplicity Distributions in Au+Au Collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\rm NN}}=$ 27, 54.4, and 200 GeV at RHIC

Author: STAR Collaboration, Abdallah, M. S., Adam, J., Adamczyk, L., Adams, J. R., Adkins, J. K., Agakishiev, G., Aggarwal, I., Aggarwal, M. M., Ahammed, Z., Alekseev, I., Anderson, D. M., Aparin, A., Aschenauer, E. C., Ashraf, M. U., Atetalla, F. G., Attri, A., Averichev, G. S., Bairathi, V., Baker, W., Cap, J. G. Ball, Barish, K., Behera, A., Bellwied, R., Bhagat, P., Bhasin, A., Bielcik, J., Bielcikova, J., Bordyuzhin, I. G., Brandenburg, J. D., Brandin, A. V., Bunzarov, I., Butterworth, J., Cai, X. Z., Caines, H., Sánchez, M. Calderón de la Barca, Cebra, D., Chakaberia, I., Chaloupka, P., Chan, B. K., Chang, F-H., Chang, Z., Chankova-Bunzarova, N., Chatterjee, A., Chattopadhyay, S., Chen, D., Chen, J., Chen, J. H., Chen, X., Chen, Z., Cheng, J., Chevalier, M., Choudhury, S., Christie, W., Chu, X., Crawford, H. J., Csanád, M., Daugherity, M., Dedovich, T. G., Deppner, I. M., Derevschikov, A. A., Dhamija, A., Di Carlo, L., Didenko, L., Dong, X., Drachenberg, J. L., Duckworth, E., Dunlop, J. C., Elsey, N., Engelage, J., Eppley, G., Esumi, S., Evdokimov, O., Ewigleben, A., Eyser, O., Fatemi, R., Fawzi, F. M., Fazio, S., Federic, P., Fedorisin, J., Feng, C. J., Feng, Y., Filip, P., Finch, E., Fisyak, Y., Francisco, A., Fu, C., Fulek, L., Gagliardi, C. A., Galatyuk, T., Geurts, F., Ghimire, N., Gibson, A., Gopal, K., Gou, X., Grosnick, D., Gupta, A., Guryn, W., Hamad, A. I., Hamed, A., Han, Y., Harabasz, S., Harasty, M. D., Harris, J. W., Harrison, H., He, S., He, W., He, X. H., He, Y., Heppelmann, S., Herrmann, N., Hoffman, E., Holub, L., Hu, Y., Huang, H., Huang, H. Z., Huang, S. L., Huang, T., Huang, X., Huang, Y., Humanic, T. J., Igo, G., Isenhower, D., Jacobs, W. W., Jena, C., Jentsch, A., Ji, Y., Jia, J., Jiang, K., Ju, X., Judd, E. G., Kabana, S., Kabir, M. L., Kagamaster, S., Kalinkin, D., Kang, K., Kapukchyan, D., Kauder, K., Ke, H. W., Keane, D., Kechechyan, A., Khyzhniak, Y. V., Kikoła, D. P., Kim, C., Kimelman, B., Kincses, D., Kisel, I., Kiselev, A., Knospe, A. G., Kochenda, L., Kosarzewski, L. K., Kramarik, L., Kravtsov, P., Kumar, L., Kumar, S., Elayavalli, R. Kunnawalkam, Kwasizur, J. H., Lacey, R., Lan, S., Landgraf, J. M., Lauret, J., Lebedev, A., Lednicky, R., Lee, J. H., Leung, Y. H., Li, C., Li, W., Li, X., Li, Y., Liang, X., Liang, Y., Licenik, R., Lin, T., Lin, Y., Lisa, M. A., Liu, F., Liu, H., Liu, P., Liu, T., Liu, X., Liu, Y., Liu, Z., Ljubicic, T., Llope, W. J., Longacre, R. S., Loyd, E., Lukow, N. S., Luo, X., Ma, L., Ma, R., Ma, Y. G., Magdy, N., Majka, R., Mallick, D., Margetis, S., Markert, C., Matis, H. S., Mazer, J. A., Minaev, N. G., Mioduszewski, S., Mohanty, B., Mondal, M. M., Mooney, I., Morozov, D. A., Mukherjee, A., Nagy, M., Nam, J. D., Nasim, Md., Nayak, K., Neff, D., Nelson, J. M., Nemes, D. B., Nie, M., Nigmatkulov, G., Niida, T., Nishitani, R., Nogach, L. V., Nonaka, T., Nunes, A. S., Odyniec, G., Ogawa, A., Oh, S., Okorokov, V. A., Page, B. S., Pak, R., Pandav, A., Pandey, A. K., Panebratsev, Y., Parfenov, P., Pawlik, B., Pawlowska, D., Pei, H., Perkins, C., Pinsky, L., Pintér, R. L., Pluta, J., Pokhrel, B. R., Ponimatkin, G., Porter, J., Posik, M., Prozorova, V., Pruthi, N. K., Przybycien, M., Putschke, J., Qiu, H., Quintero, A., Racz, C., Radhakrishnan, S. K., Raha, N., Ray, R. L., Reed, R., Ritter, H. G., Robotkova, M., Rogachevskiy, O. V., Romero, J. L., Ruan, L., Rusnak, J., Sahoo, N. R., Sako, H., Salur, S., Sandweiss, J., Sato, S., Schmidke, W. B., Schmitz, N., Schweid, B. R., Seck, F., Seger, J., Sergeeva, M., Seto, R., Seyboth, P., Shah, N., Shahaliev, E., Shanmuganathan, P. V., Shao, M., Shao, T., Sheikh, A. I., Shen, D., Shi, S. S., Shi, Y., Shou, Q. Y., Sichtermann, E. P., Sikora, R., Simko, M., Singh, J., Singha, S., Skoby, M. J., Smirnov, N., Söhngen, Y., Solyst, W., Sorensen, P., Spinka, H. M., Srivastava, B., Stanislaus, T. D. S., Stefaniak, M., Stewart, D. J., Strikhanov, M., Stringfellow, B., Suaide, A. A. P., Sumbera, M., Summa, B., Sun, X. M., Sun, X., Sun, Y., Surrow, B., Svirida, D. N., Sweger, Z. W., Szymanski, P., Tang, A. H., Tang, Z., Taranenko, A., Tarnowsky, T., Thomas, J. H., Timmins, A. R., Tlusty, D., Todoroki, T., Tokarev, M., Tomkiel, C. A., Trentalange, S., Tribble, R. E., Tribedy, P., Tripathy, S. K., Truhlar, T., Trzeciak, B. A., Tsai, O. D., Tu, Z., Ullrich, T., Underwood, D. G., Upsal, I., Van Buren, G., Vanek, J., Vasiliev, A. N., Vassiliev, I., Verkest, V., Videbæk, F., Vokal, S., Voloshin, S. A., Wang, F., Wang, G., Wang, J. S., Wang, P., Wang, Y., Wang, Z., Webb, J. C., Weidenkaff, P. C., Wen, L., Westfall, G. D., Wieman, H., Wissink, S. W., Wu, J., Wu, Y., Xi, B., Xiao, Z. G., Xie, G., Xie, W., Xu, H., Xu, N., Xu, Q. H., Xu, Y., Xu, Z., Yang, C., Yang, Q., Yang, S., Yang, Y., Ye, Z., Yi, L., Yip, K., Yu, Y., Zbroszczyk, H., Zha, W., Zhang, C., Zhang, D., Zhang, J., Zhang, S., Zhang, X. P., Zhang, Y., Zhang, Z. J., Zhang, Z., Zhao, J., Zhou, C., Zhu, X., Zhu, Z., Zurek, M., and Zyzak, M.
Subjects: Nuclear Experiment, High Energy Physics - Experiment, High Energy Physics - Phenomenology, Nuclear Theory
Abstract: According to first principle Lattice QCD calculations, the transition from quark-gluon plasma to hadronic matter is a smooth crossover in the region $\mu_{\rm B}\leq T_{c}$. In this range the ratio, $C_{6}/C_{2}$, of net-baryon distributions are predicted to be negative. In this paper, we report the first measurement of the midrapidity net-proton $C_{6}/C_{2}$ from 27, 54.4 and 200 GeV Au+Au collisions at RHIC. The dependence on collision centrality and kinematic acceptance in ($p_{T}$, $y$) are analyzed. While for 27 and 54.4 GeV collisions the $C_{6}/C_{2}$ values are close to zero within uncertainties, it is observed that for 200 GeV collisions, the $C_{6}/C_{2}$ ratio becomes progressively negative from peripheral to central collisions. Transport model calculations without critical dynamics predict mostly positive values except for the most central collisions within uncertainties. These observations seem to favor a smooth crossover in the high energy nuclear collisions at top RHIC energy., Comment: 10 pages, 7 figures, 2 tables (published version)
Published: 2021

45. Invariant Jet Mass Measurements in $pp$ Collisions at $\sqrt{s} = 200$ GeV at RHIC

Author: STAR Collaboration, Abdallah, M. S., Adam, J., Adamczyk, L., Adams, J. R., Adkins, J. K., Agakishiev, G., Aggarwal, I., Aggarwal, M. M., Ahammed, Z., Alekseev, I., Anderson, D. M., Aparin, A., Aschenauer, E. C., Ashraf, M. U., Atetalla, F. G., Attri, A., Averichev, G. S., Bairathi, V., Baker, W., Cap, J. G. Ball, Barish, K., Behera, A., Bellwied, R., Bhagat, P., Bhasin, A., Bielcik, J., Bielcikova, J., Bordyuzhin, I. G., Brandenburg, J. D., Brandin, A. V., Bunzarov, I., Butterworth, J., Cai, X. Z., Caines, H., Sánchez, M. Calderón de la Barca, Cebra, D., Chakaberia, I., Chaloupka, P., Chan, B. K., Chang, F-H., Chang, Z., Chankova-Bunzarova, N., Chatterjee, A., Chattopadhyay, S., Chen, D., Chen, J., Chen, J. H., Chen, X., Chen, Z., Cheng, J., Chevalier, M., Choudhury, S., Christie, W., Chu, X., Crawford, H. J., Csanád, M., Daugherity, M., Dedovich, T. G., Deppner, I. M., Derevschikov, A. A., Dhamija, A., Di Carlo, L., Didenko, L., Dong, X., Drachenberg, J. L., Dunlop, J. C., Elsey, N., Engelage, J., Eppley, G., Esumi, S., Evdokimov, O., Ewigleben, A., Eyser, O., Fatemi, R., Fawzi, F. M., Fazio, S., Federic, P., Fedorisin, J., Feng, C. J., Feng, Y., Filip, P., Finch, E., Fisyak, Y., Francisco, A., Fu, C., Fulek, L., Gagliardi, C. A., Galatyuk, T., Geurts, F., Ghimire, N., Gibson, A., Gopal, K., Gou, X., Grosnick, D., Gupta, A., Guryn, W., Hamad, A. I., Hamed, A., Han, Y., Harabasz, S., Harasty, M. D., Harris, J. W., Harrison, H., He, S., He, W., He, X. H., He, Y., Heppelmann, S., Herrmann, N., Hoffman, E., Holub, L., Hu, Y., Huang, H., Huang, H. Z., Huang, S. L., Huang, T., Huang, X., Huang, Y., Humanic, T. J., Isenhower, D., Jacobs, W. W., Jena, C., Jentsch, A., Ji, Y., Jia, J., Jiang, K., Ju, X., Judd, E. G., Kabana, S., Kabir, M. L., Kagamaster, S., Kalinkin, D., Kang, K., Kapukchyan, D., Kauder, K., Ke, H. W., Keane, D., Kechechyan, A., Khyzhniak, Y. V., Kikoła, D. P., Kim, C., Kimelman, B., Kincses, D., Kisel, I., Kiselev, A., Knospe, A. G., Kochenda, L., Kosarzewski, L. K., Kramarik, L., Kravtsov, P., Kumar, L., Kumar, S., Elayavalli, R. Kunnawalkam, Kwasizur, J. H., Lacey, R., Lan, S., Landgraf, J. M., Lauret, J., Lebedev, A., Lednicky, R., Lee, J. H., Leung, Y. H., Li, C., Li, W., Li, X., Li, Y., Liang, X., Liang, Y., Licenik, R., Lin, T., Lin, Y., Lisa, M. A., Liu, F., Liu, H., Liu, P., Liu, T., Liu, X., Liu, Y., Liu, Z., Ljubicic, T., Llope, W. J., Longacre, R. S., Loyd, E., Lukow, N. S., Luo, X., Ma, L., Ma, R., Ma, Y. G., Magdy, N., Majka, R., Mallick, D., Margetis, S., Markert, C., Matis, H. S., Mazer, J. A., Minaev, N. G., Mioduszewski, S., Mohanty, B., Mondal, M. M., Mooney, I., Morozov, D. A., Mukherjee, A., Nagy, M., Nam, J. D., Nasim, Md., Nayak, K., Neff, D., Nelson, J. M., Nemes, D. B., Nie, M., Nigmatkulov, G., Niida, T., Nishitani, R., Nogach, L. V., Nonaka, T., Nunes, A. S., Odyniec, G., Ogawa, A., Oh, S., Okorokov, V. A., Page, B. S., Pak, R., Pandav, A., Pandey, A. K., Panebratsev, Y., Parfenov, P., Pawlik, B., Pawlowska, D., Pei, H., Perkins, C., Pinsky, L., Pintér, R. L., Pluta, J., Pokhrel, B. R., Ponimatkin, G., Porter, J., Posik, M., Prozorova, V., Pruthi, N. K., Przybycien, M., Putschke, J., Qiu, H., Quintero, A., Racz, C., Radhakrishnan, S. K., Raha, N., Ray, R. L., Reed, R., Ritter, H. G., Robotkova, M., Rogachevskiy, O. V., Romero, J. L., Ruan, L., Rusnak, J., Sahoo, N. R., Sako, H., Salur, S., Sandweiss, J., Sato, S., Schmidke, W. B., Schmitz, N., Schweid, B. R., Seck, F., Seger, J., Sergeeva, M., Seto, R., Seyboth, P., Shah, N., Shahaliev, E., Shanmuganathan, P. V., Shao, M., Shao, T., Sheikh, A. I., Shen, D., Shi, S. S., Shi, Y., Shou, Q. Y., Sichtermann, E. P., Sikora, R., Simko, M., Singh, J., Singha, S., Skoby, M. J., Smirnov, N., Söhngen, Y., Solyst, W., Sorensen, P., Spinka, H. M., Srivastava, B., Stanislaus, T. D. S., Stefaniak, M., Stewart, D. J., Strikhanov, M., Stringfellow, B., Suaide, A. A. P., Sumbera, M., Summa, B., Sun, X. M., Sun, X., Sun, Y., Surrow, B., Svirida, D. N., Sweger, Z. W., Szymanski, P., Tang, A. H., Tang, Z., Taranenko, A., Tarnowsky, T., Thomas, J. H., Timmins, A. R., Tlusty, D., Todoroki, T., Tokarev, M., Tomkiel, C. A., Trentalange, S., Tribble, R. E., Tribedy, P., Tripathy, S. K., Truhlar, T., Trzeciak, B. A., Tsai, O. D., Tu, Z., Ullrich, T., Underwood, D. G., Upsal, I., Van Buren, G., Vanek, J., Vasiliev, A. N., Vassiliev, I., Verkest, V., Videbæk, F., Vokal, S., Voloshin, S. A., Wang, F., Wang, G., Wang, J. S., Wang, P., Wang, Y., Wang, Z., Webb, J. C., Weidenkaff, P. C., Wen, L., Westfall, G. D., Wieman, H., Wissink, S. W., Witt, R., Wu, J., Wu, Y., Xi, B., Xiao, Z. G., Xie, G., Xie, W., Xu, H., Xu, N., Xu, Q. H., Xu, Y., Xu, Z., Yang, C., Yang, Q., Yang, Y., Ye, Z., Yi, L., Yip, K., Yu, Y., Zbroszczyk, H., Zha, W., Zhang, C., Zhang, D., Zhang, S., Zhang, X. P., Zhang, Y., Zhang, Z. J., Zhang, Z., Zhao, J., Zhou, C., Zhu, X., Zhu, Z., Zurek, M., and Zyzak, M.
Subjects: High Energy Physics - Experiment, Nuclear Experiment
Abstract: We present the first inclusive measurements of the invariant and SoftDrop jet mass in proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s}=200$ GeV at STAR. The measurements are fully corrected for detector effects, and reported differentially in both the jet transverse momentum and jet radius parameter. We compare the measurements to established leading-order Monte Carlo event generators and find that STAR-tuned PYTHIA-6 reproduces the data, while LHC tunes of PYTHIA-8 and HERWIG-7 do not agree with the data, providing further constraints on parameter tuning. Finally, we observe that SoftDrop grooming, for which the contribution of wide-angle non-perturbative radiation is suppressed, shifts the jet mass distributions into closer agreement with the partonic jet mass as determined by both PYTHIA-8 and a next-to-leading-logarithmic accuracy perturbative QCD calculation. These measurements complement recent LHC measurements in a different kinematic region, as well as establish a baseline for future jet mass measurements in heavy-ion collisions at RHIC., Comment: 13 pages, 7 figures
Published: 2021
Full Text: View/download PDF

46. Azimuthal anisotropy measurements of strange and multistrange hadrons in U+U collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}} = 193$ GeV at the BNL Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider

Author: STAR Collaboration, Abdallah, M. S., Adam, J., Adamczyk, L., Adams, J. R., Adkins, J. K., Agakishiev, G., Aggarwal, I., Aggarwal, M. M., Ahammed, Z., Alekseev, I., Anderson, D. M., Aparin, A., Aschenauer, E. C., Ashraf, M. U., Atetalla, F. G., Attri, A., Averichev, G. S., Bairathi, V., Baker, W., Cap, J. G. Ball, Barish, K., Behera, A., Bellwied, R., Bhagat, P., Bhasin, A., Bielcik, J., Bielcikova, J., Bordyuzhin, I. G., Brandenburg, J. D., Brandin, A. V., Bunzarov, I., Butterworth, J., Cai, X. Z., Caines, H., Sánchez, M. Calderón de la Barca, Cebra, D., Chakaberia, I., Chaloupka, P., Chan, B. K., Chang, F-H., Chang, Z., Chankova-Bunzarova, N., Chatterjee, A., Chattopadhyay, S., Chen, D., Chen, J., Chen, J. H., Chen, X., Chen, Z., Cheng, J., Chevalier, M., Choudhury, S., Christie, W., Chu, X., Crawford, H. J., Csanád, M., Daugherity, M., Dedovich, T. G., Deppner, I. M., Derevschikov, A. A., Dhamija, A., Di Carlo, L., Didenko, L., Dong, X., Drachenberg, J. L., Duckworth, E., Dunlop, J. C., Elsey, N., Engelage, J., Eppley, G., Esumi, S., Evdokimov, O., Ewigleben, A., Eyser, O., Fatemi, R., Fawzi, F. M., Fazio, S., Federic, P., Fedorisin, J., Feng, C. J., Feng, Y., Filip, P., Finch, E., Fisyak, Y., Francisco, A., Fu, C., Fulek, L., Gagliardi, C. A., Galatyuk, T., Geurts, F., Ghimire, N., Gibson, A., Gopal, K., Gou, X., Grosnick, D., Gupta, A., Guryn, W., Hamad, A. I., Hamed, A., Han, Y., Harabasz, S., Harasty, M. D., Harris, J. W., Harrison, H., He, S., He, W., He, X. H., He, Y., Heppelmann, S., Herrmann, N., Hoffman, E., Holub, L., Hu, Y., Huang, H., Huang, H. Z., Huang, S. L., Huang, T., Huang, X., Huang, Y., Humanic, T. J., Igo, G., Isenhower, D., Jacobs, W. W., Jena, C., Jentsch, A., Ji, Y., Jia, J., Jiang, K., Ju, X., Judd, E. G., Kabana, S., Kabir, M. L., Kagamaster, S., Kalinkin, D., Kang, K., Kapukchyan, D., Kauder, K., Ke, H. W., Keane, D., Kechechyan, A., Khyzhniak, Y. V., Kikoła, D. P., Kim, C., Kimelman, B., Kincses, D., Kisel, I., Kiselev, A., Knospe, A. G., Kochenda, L., Kosarzewski, L. K., Kramarik, L., Kravtsov, P., Kumar, L., Kumar, S., Elayavalli, R. Kunnawalkam, Kwasizur, J. H., Lacey, R., Lan, S., Landgraf, J. M., Lauret, J., Lebedev, A., Lednicky, R., Lee, J. H., Leung, Y. H., Li, C., Li, W., Li, X., Li, Y., Liang, X., Liang, Y., Licenik, R., Lin, T., Lin, Y., Lisa, M. A., Liu, F., Liu, H., Liu, P., Liu, T., Liu, X., Liu, Y., Liu, Z., Ljubicic, T., Llope, W. J., Longacre, R. S., Loyd, E., Lukow, N. S., Luo, X., Ma, L., Ma, R., Ma, Y. G., Magdy, N., Majka, R., Mallick, D., Margetis, S., Markert, C., Matis, H. S., Mazer, J. A., Minaev, N. G., Mioduszewski, S., Mohanty, B., Mondal, M. M., Mooney, I., Morozov, D. A., Mukherjee, A., Nagy, M., Nam, J. D., Nasim, Md., Nayak, K., Neff, D., Nelson, J. M., Nemes, D. B., Nie, M., Nigmatkulov, G., Niida, T., Nishitani, R., Nogach, L. V., Nonaka, T., Nunes, A. S., Odyniec, G., Ogawa, A., Oh, S., Okorokov, V. A., Page, B. S., Pak, R., Pandav, A., Pandey, A. K., Panebratsev, Y., Parfenov, P., Pawlik, B., Pawlowska, D., Pei, H., Perkins, C., Pinsky, L., Pintér, R. L., Pluta, J., Pokhrel, B. R., Ponimatkin, G., Porter, J., Posik, M., Prozorova, V., Pruthi, N. K., Przybycien, M., Putschke, J., Qiu, H., Quintero, A., Racz, C., Radhakrishnan, S. K., Raha, N., Ray, R. L., Reed, R., Ritter, H. G., Robotkova, M., Rogachevskiy, O. V., Romero, J. L., Roy, D., Ruan, L., Rusnak, J., Sahoo, N. R., Sako, H., Salur, S., Sandweiss, J., Sato, S., Schmidke, W. B., Schmitz, N., Schweid, B. R., Seck, F., Seger, J., Sergeeva, M., Seto, R., Seyboth, P., Shah, N., Shahaliev, E., Shanmuganathan, P. V., Shao, M., Shao, T., Sheikh, A. I., Shen, D., Shi, S. S., Shi, Y., Shou, Q. Y., Sichtermann, E. P., Sikora, R., Simko, M., Singh, J., Singha, S., Skoby, M. J., Smirnov, N., Söhngen, Y., Solyst, W., Sorensen, P., Spinka, H. M., Srivastava, B., Stanislaus, T. D. S., Stefaniak, M., Stewart, D. J., Strikhanov, M., Stringfellow, B., Suaide, A. A. P., Sumbera, M., Summa, B., Sun, X. M., Sun, X., Sun, Y., Surrow, B., Svirida, D. N., Sweger, Z. W., Szymanski, P., Tang, A. H., Tang, Z., Taranenko, A., Tarnowsky, T., Thomas, J. H., Timmins, A. R., Tlusty, D., Todoroki, T., Tokarev, M., Tomkiel, C. A., Trentalange, S., Tribble, R. E., Tribedy, P., Tripathy, S. K., Truhlar, T., Trzeciak, B. A., Tsai, O. D., Tu, Z., Ullrich, T., Underwood, D. G., Upsal, I., Van Buren, G., Vanek, J., Vasiliev, A. N., Vassiliev, I., Verkest, V., Videbæk, F., Vokal, S., Voloshin, S. A., Wang, F., Wang, G., Wang, J. S., Wang, P., Wang, Y., Wang, Z., Webb, J. C., Weidenkaff, P. C., Wen, L., Westfall, G. D., Wieman, H., Wissink, S. W., Wu, J., Wu, Y., Xi, B., Xiao, Z. G., Xie, G., Xie, W., Xu, H., Xu, N., Xu, Q. H., Xu, Y., Xu, Z., Yang, C., Yang, Q., Yang, S., Yang, Y., Ye, Z., Yi, L., Yip, K., Yu, Y., Zbroszczyk, H., Zha, W., Zhang, C., Zhang, D., Zhang, J., Zhang, S., Zhang, X. P., Zhang, Y., Zhang, Z. J., Zhang, Z., Zhao, J., Zhou, C., Zhu, X., Zhu, Z., Zurek, M., and Zyzak, M.
Subjects: Nuclear Experiment
Abstract: We present systematic measurements of azimuthal anisotropy for strange and multistrange hadrons ($K^{0}_{s}$, $\Lambda$, $\Xi$, and $\Omega$) and $\phi$ mesons at midrapidity ($|y| <$ 1.0) in collisions of U + U nuclei at $\sqrt{s_{NN}} = 193$ GeV, recorded by the STAR detector at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider. Transverse momentum ($p_{\text{T}}$) dependence of flow coefficients ($v_{2}$, $v_{3}$, and $v_{4}$) is presented for minimum bias collisions and three different centrality intervals. Number of constituent quark scaling of the measured flow coefficients in U + U collisions is discussed. We also present the ratio of $v_{n}$ scaled by the participant eccentricity ($\varepsilon_{n}\left\lbrace 2 \right\rbrace$) to explore system size dependence and collectivity in U + U collisions. The magnitude of $v_{2}/\varepsilon_{2}$ is found to be smaller in U + U collisions than that in central Au + Au collisions contradicting naive eccentricity scaling. Furthermore, the ratios between various flow harmonics ($v_{3}/v_{2}^{3/2}$, $v_{4}/v_{2}^{4/2}$) are studied and compared with hydrodynamic and transport model calculations., Comment: 22 pages, 16 figures
Published: 2021
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47. Cumulants and Correlation Functions of Net-proton, Proton and Antiproton Multiplicity Distributions in Au+Au Collisions at energies available at the BNL Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider

Author: STAR Collaboration, Abdallah, M. S., Adam, J., Adamczyk, L., Adams, J. R., Adkins, J. K., Agakishiev, G., Aggarwal, I., Aggarwal, M. M., Ahammed, Z., Alekseev, I., Anderson, D. M., Aparin, A., Aschenauer, E. C., Ashraf, M. U., Atetalla, F. G., Attri, A., Averichev, G. S., Bairathi, V., Baker, W., Cap, J. G. Ball, Barish, K., Behera, A., Bellwied, R., Bhagat, P., Bhasin, A., Bielcik, J., Bielcikova, J., Bordyuzhin, I. G., Brandenburg, J. D., Brandin, A. V., Bunzarov, I., Butterworth, J., Cai, X. Z., Caines, H., Sánchez, M. Calderón de la Barca, Cebra, D., Chakaberia, I., Chaloupka, P., Chan, B. K., Chang, F. -H., Chang, Z., Chankova-Bunzarova, N., Chatterjee, A., Chattopadhyay, S., Chen, D., Chen, J., Chen, J. H., Chen, X., Chen, Z., Cheng, J., Chevalier, M., Choudhury, S., Christie, W., Chu, X., Crawford, H. J., Csanád, M., Daugherity, M., Dedovich, T. G., Deppner, I. M., Derevschikov, A. A., Dhamija, A., Di Carlo, L., Didenko, L., Dong, X., Drachenberg, J. L., Dunlop, J. C., Elsey, N., Engelage, J., Eppley, G., Esumi, S., Evdokimov, O., Ewigleben, A., Eyser, O., Fatemi, R., Fawzi, F. M., Fazio, S., Federic, P., Fedorisin, J., Feng, C. J., Feng, Y., Filip, P., Finch, E., Fisyak, Y., Francisco, A., Fu, C., Fulek, L., Gagliardi, C. A., Galatyuk, T., Geurts, F., Ghimire, N., Gibson, A., Gopal, K., Gou, X., Grosnick, D., Gupta, A., Guryn, W., Hamad, A. I., Hamed, A., Han, Y., Harabasz, S., Harasty, M. D., Harris, J. W., Harrison, H., He, S., He, W., He, X. H., He, Y., Heppelmann, S., Herrmann, N., Hoffman, E., Holub, L., Hu, Y., Huang, H., Huang, H. Z., Huang, S. L., Huang, T., Huang, X., Huang, Y., Humanic, T. J., Isenhower, D., Jacobs, W. W., Jena, C., Jentsch, A., Ji, Y., Jia, J., Jiang, K., Ju, X., Judd, E. G., Kabana, S., Kabir, M. L., Kagamaster, S., Kalinkin, D., Kang, K., Kapukchyan, D., Kauder, K., Ke, H. W., Keane, D., Kechechyan, A., Khyzhniak, Y. V., Kikoła, D. P., Kim, C., Kimelman, B., Kincses, D., Kisel, I., Kiselev, A., Knospe, A. G., Kochenda, L., Kosarzewski, L. K., Kramarik, L., Kravtsov, P., Kumar, L., Kumar, S., Elayavalli, R. Kunnawalkam, Kwasizur, J. H., Lacey, R., Lan, S., Landgraf, J. M., Lauret, J., Lebedev, A., Lednicky, R., Lee, J. H., Leung, Y. H., Li, C., Li, W., Li, X., Li, Y., Liang, X., Liang, Y., Licenik, R., Lin, T., Lin, Y., Lisa, M. A., Liu, F., Liu, H., Liu, P., Liu, T., Liu, X., Liu, Y., Liu, Z., Ljubicic, T., Llope, W. J., Longacre, R. S., Loyd, E., Lukow, N. S., Luo, X., Ma, L., Ma, R., Ma, Y. G., Magdy, N., Majka, R., Mallick, D., Margetis, S., Markert, C., Matis, H. S., Mazer, J. A., Minaev, N. G., Mioduszewski, S., Mohanty, B., Mondal, M. M., Mooney, I., Morozov, D. A., Mukherjee, A., Nagy, M., Nam, J. D., Nasim, Md., Nayak, K., Neff, D., Nelson, J. M., Nemes, D. B., Nie, M., Nigmatkulov, G., Niida, T., Nishitani, R., Nogach, L. V., Nonaka, T., Nunes, A. S., Odyniec, G., Ogawa, A., Oh, S., Okorokov, V. A., Page, B. S., Pak, R., Pandav, A., Pandey, A. K., Panebratsev, Y., Parfenov, P., Pawlik, B., Pawlowska, D., Pei, H., Perkins, C., Pinsky, L., Pintér, R. L., Pluta, J., Pokhrel, B. R., Ponimatkin, G., Porter, J., Posik, M., Prozorova, V., Pruthi, N. K., Przybycien, M., Putschke, J., Qiu, H., Quintero, A., Racz, C., Radhakrishnan, S. K., Raha, N., Ray, R. L., Reed, R., Ritter, H. G., Robotkova, M., Rogachevskiy, O. V., Romero, J. L., Ruan, L., Rusnak, J., Sahoo, N. R., Sako, H., Salur, S., Sandweiss, J., Sato, S., Schmidke, W. B., Schmitz, N., Schweid, B. R., Seck, F., Seger, J., Sergeeva, M., Seto, R., Seyboth, P., Shah, N., Shahaliev, E., Shanmuganathan, P. V., Shao, M., Shao, T., Sheikh, A. I., Shen, D., Shi, S. S., Shi, Y., Shou, Q. Y., Sichtermann, E. P., Sikora, R., Simko, M., Singh, J., Singha, S., Skoby, M. J., Smirnov, N., Söhngen, Y., Solyst, W., Sorensen, P., Spinka, H. M., Srivastava, B., Stanislaus, T. D. S., Stefaniak, M., Stewart, D. J., Strikhanov, M., Stringfellow, B., Suaide, A. A. P., Sumbera, M., Summa, B., Sun, X. M., Sun, X., Sun, Y., Surrow, B., Svirida, D. N., Sweger, Z. W., Szymanski, P., Tang, A. H., Tang, Z., Taranenko, A., Tarnowsky, T., Thomas, J. H., Timmins, A. R., Tlusty, D., Todoroki, T., Tokarev, M., Tomkiel, C. A., Trentalange, S., Tribble, R. E., Tribedy, P., Tripathy, S. K., Truhlar, T., Trzeciak, B. A., Tsai, O. D., Tu, Z., Ullrich, T., Underwood, D. G., Upsal, I., Van Buren, G., Vanek, J., Vasiliev, A. N., Vassiliev, I., Verkest, V., Videbæk, F., Vokal, S., Voloshin, S. A., Wang, F., Wang, G., Wang, J. S., Wang, P., Wang, Y., Wang, Z., Webb, J. C., Weidenkaff, P. C., Wen, L., Westfall, G. D., Wieman, H., Wissink, S. W., Witt, R., Wu, J., Wu, Y., Xi, B., Xiao, Z. G., Xie, G., Xie, W., Xu, H., Xu, N., Xu, Q. H., Xu, Y., Xu, Z., Yang, C., Yang, Q., Yang, S., Yang, Y., Yang, Z., Ye, Z., Yi, L., Yip, K., Yu, Y., Zbroszczyk, H., Zha, W., Zhang, C., Zhang, D., Zhang, S., Zhang, X. P., Zhang, Y., Zhang, Z. J., Zhang, Z., Zhao, J., Zhou, C., Zhu, X., Zhu, Z., Zurek, M., and Zyzak, M.
Subjects: Nuclear Experiment, High Energy Physics - Experiment, High Energy Physics - Phenomenology, Nuclear Theory
Abstract: We report a systematic measurement of cumulants, $C_{n}$, for net-proton, proton and antiproton multiplicity distributions, and correlation functions, $\kappa_n$, for proton and antiproton multiplicity distributions up to the fourth order in Au+Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\mathrm {NN}}}$ = 7.7, 11.5, 14.5, 19.6, 27, 39, 54.4, 62.4 and 200 GeV. The $C_{n}$ and $\kappa_n$ are presented as a function of collision energy, centrality and kinematic acceptance in rapidity, $y$, and transverse momentum, $p_{T}$. The data were taken during the first phase of the Beam Energy Scan (BES) program (2010 -- 2017) at the BNL Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) facility. The measurements are carried out at midrapidity ($|y| <$ 0.5) and transverse momentum 0.4 $<$ $p_{\rm T}$ $<$ 2.0 GeV/$c$, using the STAR detector at RHIC. We observe a non-monotonic energy dependence ($\sqrt{s_{\mathrm {NN}}}$ = 7.7 -- 62.4 GeV) of the net-proton $C_{4}$/$C_{2}$ with the significance of 3.1$\sigma$ for the 0-5\% central Au+Au collisions. This is consistent with the expectations of critical fluctuations in a QCD-inspired model. Thermal and transport model calculations show a monotonic variation with $\sqrt{s_{\mathrm {NN}}}$. For the multiparticle correlation functions, we observe significant negative values for a two-particle correlation function, $\kappa_2$, of protons and antiprotons, which are mainly due to the effects of baryon number conservation. Furthermore, it is found that the four-particle correlation function, $\kappa_4$, of protons plays a role in determining the energy dependence of proton $C_4/C_1$ below 19.6 GeV, which cannot be understood by the effect of baryon number conservation., Comment: 34 pages, 25 figures, 8 tables
Published: 2021
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48. Observation of $D_{s}^{\pm}/D^0$ enhancement in Au+Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{_{\rm NN}}}$ = 200 GeV

Author: STAR Collaboration, Adam, J., Adamczyk, L., Adams, J. R., Adkins, J. K., Agakishiev, G., Aggarwal, M. M., Ahammed, Z., Alekseev, I., Anderson, D. M., Aparin, A., Aschenauer, E. C., Ashraf, M. U., Atetalla, F. G., Attri, A., Averichev, G. S., Bairathi, V., Barish, K., Behera, A., Bellwied, R., Bhasin, A., Bielcik, J., Bielcikova, J., Bland, L. C., Bordyuzhin, I. G., Brandenburg, J. D., Brandin, A. V., Butterworth, J., Caines, H., Sánchez, M. Calderón de la Barca, Cebra, D., Chakaberia, I., Chaloupka, P., Chan, B. K., Chang, F-H., Chang, Z., Chankova-Bunzarova, N., Chatterjee, A., Chen, D., Chen, J., Chen, J. H., Chen, X., Chen, Z., Cheng, J., Cherney, M., Chevalier, M., Choudhury, S., Christie, W., Chu, X., Crawford, H. J., Csanád, M., Daugherity, M., Dedovich, T. G., Deppner, I. M., Derevschikov, A. A., Didenko, L., Dong, X., Drachenberg, J. L., Dunlop, J. C., Edmonds, T., Elsey, N., Engelage, J., Eppley, G., Esumi, S., Evdokimov, O., Ewigleben, A., Eyser, O., Fatemi, R., Fazio, S., Federic, P., Fedorisin, J., Feng, C. J., Feng, Y., Filip, P., Finch, E., Fisyak, Y., Francisco, A., Fu, C., Fulek, L., Gagliardi, C. A., Galatyuk, T., Geurts, F., Ghimire, N., Gibson, A., Gopal, K., Gou, X., Grosnick, D., Guryn, W., Hamad, A. I., Hamed, A., Harabasz, S., Harris, J. W., He, S., He, W., He, X. H., He, Y., Heppelmann, S., Herrmann, N., Hoffman, E., Holub, L., Hong, Y., Horvat, S., Hu, Y., Huang, H. Z., Huang, S. L., Huang, T., Huang, X., Humanic, T. J., Huo, P., Igo, G., Isenhower, D., Jacobs, W. W., Jena, C., Jentsch, A., Ji, Y., Jia, J., Jiang, K., Jowzaee, S., Ju, X., Judd, E. G., Kabana, S., Kabir, M. L., Kagamaster, S., Kalinkin, D., Kang, K., Kapukchyan, D., Kauder, K., Ke, H. W., Keane, D., Kechechyan, A., Kelsey, M., Khyzhniak, Y. V., Kikoła, D. P., Kim, C., Kimelman, B., Kincses, D., Kinghorn, T. A., Kisel, I., Kiselev, A., Kocan, M., Kochenda, L., Kosarzewski, L. K., Kramarik, L., Kravtsov, P., Krueger, K., Mudiyanselage, N. Kulathunga, Kumar, L., Kumar, S., Elayavalli, R. Kunnawalkam, Kwasizur, J. H., Lacey, R., Lan, S., Landgraf, J. M., Lauret, J., Lebedev, A., Lednicky, R., Lee, J. H., Leung, Y. H., Li, C., Li, W., Li, X., Li, Y., Liang, Y., Licenik, R., Lin, T., Lin, Y., Lisa, M. A., Liu, F., Liu, H., Liu, P., Liu, T., Liu, X., Liu, Y., Liu, Z., Ljubicic, T., Llope, W. J., Longacre, R. S., Lukow, N. S., Luo, S., Luo, X., Ma, G. L., Ma, L., Ma, R., Ma, Y. G., Magdy, N., Majka, R., Mallick, D., Margetis, S., Markert, C., Matis, H. S., Mazer, J. A., Minaev, N. G., Mioduszewski, S., Mohanty, B., Mooney, I., Moravcova, Z., Morozov, D. A., Nagy, M., Nam, J. D., Nasim, Md., Nayak, K., Neff, D., Nelson, J. M., Nemes, D. B., Nie, M., Nigmatkulov, G., Niida, T., Nogach, L. V., Nonaka, T., Nunes, A. S., Odyniec, G., Ogawa, A., Oh, S., Okorokov, V. A., Page, B. S., Pak, R., Pandav, A., Panebratsev, Y., Pawlik, B., Pawlowska, D., Pei, H., Perkins, C., Pinsky, L., Pintér, R. L., Pluta, J., Pokhrel, B. R., Porter, J., Posik, M., Pruthi, N. K., Przybycien, M., Putschke, J., Qiu, H., Quintero, A., Radhakrishnan, S. K., Ramachandran, S., Ray, R. L., Reed, R., Ritter, H. G., Rogachevskiy, O. V., Romero, J. L., Ruan, L., Rusnak, J., Sahoo, N. R., Sako, H., Salur, S., Sandweiss, J., Sato, S., Schmidke, W. B., Schmitz, N., Schweid, B. R., Seck, F., Seger, J., Sergeeva, M., Seto, R., Seyboth, P., Shah, N., Shahaliev, E., Shanmuganathan, P. V., Shao, M., Sheikh, A. I., Shen, W. Q., Shi, S. S., Shi, Y., Shou, Q. Y., Sichtermann, E. P., Sikora, R., Simko, M., Singh, J., Singha, S., Smirnov, N., Solyst, W., Sorensen, P., Spinka, H. M., Srivastava, B., Stanislaus, T. D. S., Stefaniak, M., Stewart, D. J., Strikhanov, M., Stringfellow, B., Suaide, A. A. P., Sumbera, M., Summa, B., Sun, X. M., Sun, X., Sun, Y., Surrow, B., Svirida, D. N., Szymanski, P., Tang, A. H., Tang, Z., Taranenko, A., Tarnowsky, T., Thomas, J. H., Timmins, A. R., Tlusty, D., Tokarev, M., Tomkiel, C. A., Trentalange, S., Tribble, R. E., Tribedy, P., Tripathy, S. K., Tsai, O. D., Tu, Z., Ullrich, T., Underwood, D. G., Upsal, I., Van Buren, G., Vanek, J., Vasiliev, A. N., Vassiliev, I., Videbæk, F., Vokal, S., Voloshin, S. A., Wang, F., Wang, G., Wang, J. S., Wang, P., Wang, Y., Wang, Z., Webb, J. C., Weidenkaff, P. C., Wen, L., Westfall, G. D., Wieman, H., Wissink, S. W., Witt, R., Wu, Y., Xiao, Z. G., Xie, G., Xie, W., Xu, H., Xu, N., Xu, Q. H., Xu, Y. F., Xu, Y., Xu, Z., Yang, C., Yang, Q., Yang, S., Yang, Y., Yang, Z., Ye, Z., Yi, L., Yip, K., Yu, Y., Zbroszczyk, H., Zha, W., Zhang, C., Zhang, D., Zhang, S., Zhang, X. P., Zhang, Y., Zhang, Z. J., Zhang, Z., Zhao, J., Zhong, C., Zhou, C., Zhu, X., Zhu, Z., Zurek, M., and Zyzak, M.
Subjects: High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract: We report on the first measurement of charm-strange meson $D_s^{\pm}$ production at midrapidity in Au+Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{_{\rm NN}}}$ = 200 GeV from the STAR experiment. The yield ratio between strange ($D_{s}^{\pm}$) and non-strange ($D^{0}$) open-charm mesons is presented and compared to model calculations. A significant enhancement, relative to a PYTHIA simulation of $p$+$p$ collisions, is observed in the $D_{s}^{\pm}/D^0$ yield ratio in Au+Au collisions over a large range of collision centralities. Model calculations incorporating abundant strange-quark production in the quark-gluon plasma (QGP) and coalescence hadronization qualitatively reproduce the data. The transverse-momentum integrated yield ratio of $D_{s}^{\pm}/D^0$ at midrapidity is consistent with a prediction from a statistical hadronization model with the parameters constrained by the yields of light and strange hadrons measured at the same collision energy. These results suggest that the coalescence of charm quarks with strange quarks in the QGP plays an important role in $D_{s}^{\pm}$ meson production in heavy-ion collisions.
Published: 2021
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49. Global polarization of $\Xi$ and $\Omega$ hyperons in Au+Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{_{NN}}}$ = 200 GeV

Author: STAR Collaboration, Adam, J., Adamczyk, L., Adams, J. R., Adkins, J. K., Agakishiev, G., Aggarwal, M. M., Ahammed, Z., Alekseev, I., Anderson, D. M., Aparin, A., Aschenauer, E. C., Ashraf, M. U., Atetalla, F. G., Attri, A., Averichev, G. S., Bairathi, V., Barish, K., Behera, A., Bellwied, R., Bhasin, A., Bielcik, J., Bielcikova, J., Bland, L. C., Bordyuzhin, I. G., Brandenburg, J. D., Brandin, A. V., Butterworth, J., Caines, H., Sánchez, M. Calderón de la Barca, Cebra, D., Chakaberia, I., Chaloupka, P., Chan, B. K., Chang, F-H., Chang, Z., Chankova-Bunzarova, N., Chatterjee, A., Chen, D., Chen, J., Chen, J. H., Chen, X., Chen, Z., Cheng, J., Cherney, M., Chevalier, M., Choudhury, S., Christie, W., Chu, X., Crawford, H. J., Csanád, M., Daugherity, M., Dedovich, T. G., Deppner, I. M., Derevschikov, A. A., Didenko, L., Dong, X., Drachenberg, J. L., Dunlop, J. C., Edmonds, T., Elsey, N., Engelage, J., Eppley, G., Esumi, S., Evdokimov, O., Ewigleben, A., Eyser, O., Fatemi, R., Fazio, S., Federic, P., Fedorisin, J., Feng, C. J., Feng, Y., Filip, P., Finch, E., Fisyak, Y., Francisco, A., Fulek, L., Gagliardi, C. A., Galatyuk, T., Geurts, F., Ghimire, N., Gibson, A., Gopal, K., Gou, X., Grosnick, D., Guryn, W., Hamad, A. I., Hamed, A., Harabasz, S., Harris, J. W., He, S., He, W., He, X. H., He, Y., Heppelmann, S., Herrmann, N., Hoffman, E., Holub, L., Hong, Y., Horvat, S., Hu, Y., Huang, H. Z., Huang, S. L., Huang, T., Huang, X., Humanic, T. J., Huo, P., Igo, G., Isenhower, D., Jacobs, W. W., Jena, C., Jentsch, A., Ji, Y., Jia, J., Jiang, K., Jowzaee, S., Ju, X., Judd, E. G., Kabana, S., Kabir, M. L., Kagamaster, S., Kalinkin, D., Kang, K., Kapukchyan, D., Kauder, K., Ke, H. W., Keane, D., Kechechyan, A., Kelsey, M., Khyzhniak, Y. V., Kikoła, D. P., Kim, C., Kimelman, B., Kincses, D., Kinghorn, T. A., Kisel, I., Kiselev, A., Kocan, M., Kochenda, L., Kosarzewski, L. K., Kramarik, L., Kravtsov, P., Krueger, K., Mudiyanselage, N. Kulathunga, Kumar, L., Kumar, S., Elayavalli, R. Kunnawalkam, Kwasizur, J. H., Lacey, R., Lan, S., Landgraf, J. M., Lauret, J., Lebedev, A., Lednicky, R., Lee, J. H., Leung, Y. H., Li, C., Li, W., Li, X., Li, Y., Liang, Y., Licenik, R., Lin, T., Lin, Y., Lisa, M. A., Liu, F., Liu, H., Liu, P., Liu, T., Liu, X., Liu, Y., Liu, Z., Ljubicic, T., Llope, W. J., Longacre, R. S., Lukow, N. S., Luo, S., Luo, X., Ma, G. L., Ma, L., Ma, R., Ma, Y. G., Magdy, N., Majka, R., Mallick, D., Margetis, S., Markert, C., Matis, H. S., Mazer, J. A., Minaev, N. G., Mioduszewski, S., Mohanty, B., Mooney, I., Moravcova, Z., Morozov, D. A., Nagy, M., Nam, J. D., Nasim, Md., Nayak, K., Neff, D., Nelson, J. M., Nemes, D. B., Nie, M., Nigmatkulov, G., Niida, T., Nogach, L. V., Nonaka, T., Nunes, A. S., Odyniec, G., Ogawa, A., Oh, S., Okorokov, V. A., Page, B. S., Pak, R., Pandav, A., Panebratsev, Y., Pawlik, B., Pawlowska, D., Pei, H., Perkins, C., Pinsky, L., Pintér, R. L., Pluta, J., Pokhrel, B. R., Porter, J., Posik, M., Pruthi, N. K., Przybycien, M., Putschke, J., Qiu, H., Quintero, A., Radhakrishnan, S. K., Ramachandran, S., Ray, R. L., Reed, R., Ritter, H. G., Rogachevskiy, O. V., Romero, J. L., Ruan, L., Rusnak, J., Sahoo, N. R., Sako, H., Salur, S., Sandweiss, J., Sato, S., Schmidke, W. B., Schmitz, N., Schweid, B. R., Seck, F., Seger, J., Sergeeva, M., Seto, R., Seyboth, P., Shah, N., Shahaliev, E., Shanmuganathan, P. V., Shao, M., Sheikh, A. I., Shen, W. Q., Shi, S. S., Shi, Y., Shou, Q. Y., Sichtermann, E. P., Sikora, R., Simko, M., Singh, J., Singha, S., Smirnov, N., Solyst, W., Sorensen, P., Spinka, H. M., Srivastava, B., Stanislaus, T. D. S., Stefaniak, M., Stewart, D. J., Strikhanov, M., Stringfellow, B., Suaide, A. A. P., Sumbera, M., Summa, B., Sun, X. M., Sun, X., Sun, Y., Surrow, B., Svirida, D. N., Szymanski, P., Tang, A. H., Tang, Z., Taranenko, A., Tarnowsky, T., Thomas, J. H., Timmins, A. R., Tlusty, D., Tokarev, M., Tomkiel, C. A., Trentalange, S., Tribble, R. E., Tribedy, P., Tripathy, S. K., Tsai, O. D., Tu, Z., Ullrich, T., Underwood, D. G., Upsal, I., Van Buren, G., Vanek, J., Vasiliev, A. N., Vassiliev, I., Videbæk, F., Vokal, S., Voloshin, S. A., Wang, F., Wang, G., Wang, J. S., Wang, P., Wang, Y., Wang, Z., Webb, J. C., Weidenkaff, P. C., Wen, L., Westfall, G. D., Wieman, H., Wissink, S. W., Witt, R., Wu, Y., Xiao, Z. G., Xie, G., Xie, W., Xu, H., Xu, N., Xu, Q. H., Xu, Y. F., Xu, Y., Xu, Z., Yang, C., Yang, Q., Yang, S., Yang, Y., Yang, Z., Ye, Z., Yi, L., Yip, K., Yu, Y., Zbroszczyk, H., Zha, W., Zhang, C., Zhang, D., Zhang, S., Zhang, X. P., Zhang, Y., Zhang, Z. J., Zhang, Z., Zhao, J., Zhong, C., Zhou, C., Zhu, X., Zhu, Z., Zurek, M., and Zyzak, M.
Subjects: Nuclear Experiment
Abstract: Global polarization of $\Xi$ and $\Omega$ hyperons has been measured for the first time in Au+Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{_{NN}}}$ = 200 GeV. The measurements of the $\Xi^-$ and $\bar{\Xi}^+$ hyperon polarization have been performed by two independent methods, via analysis of the angular distribution of the daughter particles in the parity violating weak decay $\Xi\rightarrow\Lambda+\pi$, as well as by measuring the polarization of the daughter $\Lambda$-hyperon, polarized via polarization transfer from its parent. The polarization, obtained by combining the results from the two methods and averaged over $\Xi^-$ and $\bar{\Xi}^+$, is measured to be $\langle P_\Xi \rangle = 0.47\pm0.10~({\rm stat.})\pm0.23~({\rm syst.})\,\%$ for the collision centrality 20\%-80\%. The $\langle P_\Xi \rangle$ is found to be slightly larger than the inclusive $\Lambda$ polarization and in reasonable agreement with a multi-phase transport model (AMPT). The $\langle P_\Xi \rangle$ is found to follow the centrality dependence of the vorticity predicted in the model, increasing toward more peripheral collisions. The global polarization of $\Omega$, $\langle P_\Omega \rangle = 1.11\pm0.87~({\rm stat.})\pm1.97~({\rm syst.})\,\%$ was obtained by measuring the polarization of daughter $\Lambda$ in the decay $\Omega \rightarrow \Lambda + K$, assuming the polarization transfer factor $C_{\Omega\Lambda}=1$., Comment: 7 pages, 3 figures, Accepted for publication in Physical Review Letters
Published: 2020
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50. Measurement of transverse single-spin asymmetries of $\pi^0$ and electromagnetic jets at forward rapidity in 200 and 500 GeV transversely polarized proton-proton collisions

Author: STAR Collaboration, Adam, J., Adamczyk, L., Adams, J. R., Adkins, J. K., Agakishiev, G., Aggarwal, M. M., Ahammed, Z., Alekseev, I., Anderson, D. M., Aparin, A., Aschenauer, E. C., Ashraf, M. U., Atetalla, F. G., Attri, A., Averichev, G. S., Bairathi, V., Barish, K., Behera, A., Bellwied, R., Bhasin, A., Bielcik, J., Bielcikova, J., Bland, L. C., Bordyuzhin, I. G., Brandenburg, J. D., Brandin, A. V., Butterworth, J., Caines, H., Sánchez, M. Calderón de la Barca, Cebra, D., Chakaberia, I., Chaloupka, P., Chan, B. K., Chang, F-H., Chang, Z., Chankova-Bunzarova, N., Chatterjee, A., Chen, D., Chen, J., Chen, J. H., Chen, X., Chen, Z., Cheng, J., Cherney, M., Chevalier, M., Choudhury, S., Christie, W., Chu, X., Crawford, H. J., Csanád, M., Daugherity, M., Dedovich, T. G., Deppner, I. M., Derevschikov, A. A., Didenko, L., Dilks, C., Dong, X., Drachenberg, J. L., Dunlop, J. C., Edmonds, T., Elsey, N., Engelage, J., Eppley, G., Esumi, S., Evdokimov, O., Ewigleben, A., Eyser, O., Fatemi, R., Fazio, S., Federic, P., Fedorisin, J., Feng, C. J., Feng, Y., Filip, P., Finch, E., Fisyak, Y., Francisco, A., Fulek, L., Gagliardi, C. A., Galatyuk, T., Geurts, F., Ghimire, N., Gibson, A., Gopal, K., Gou, X., Grosnick, D., Guryn, W., Hamad, A. I., Hamed, A., Harabasz, S., Harris, J. W., He, S., He, W., He, X. H., He, Y., Heppelmann, S., Herrmann, N., Hoffman, E., Holub, L., Hong, Y., Horvat, S., Hu, Y., Huang, H. Z., Huang, S. L., Huang, T., Huang, X., Humanic, T. J., Huo, P., Igo, G., Isenhower, D., Jacobs, W. W., Jena, C., Jentsch, A., Ji, Y., Jia, J., Jiang, K., Jowzaee, S., Ju, X., Judd, E. G., Kabana, S., Kabir, M. L., Kagamaster, S., Kalinkin, D., Kang, K., Kapukchyan, D., Kauder, K., Ke, H. W., Keane, D., Kechechyan, A., Kelsey, M., Khyzhniak, Y. V., Kikoła, D. P., Kim, C., Kimelman, B., Kincses, D., Kinghorn, T. A., Kisel, I., Kiselev, A., Kocan, M., Kochenda, L., Kosarzewski, L. K., Kramarik, L., Kravtsov, P., Krueger, K., Mudiyanselage, N. Kulathunga, Kumar, L., Kumar, S., Elayavalli, R. Kunnawalkam, Kwasizur, J. H., Lacey, R., Lan, S., Landgraf, J. M., Lauret, J., Lebedev, A., Lednicky, R., Lee, J. H., Leung, Y. H., Li, C., Li, W., Li, X., Li, Y., Liang, Y., Licenik, R., Lin, T., Lin, Y., Lisa, M. A., Liu, F., Liu, H., Liu, P., Liu, T., Liu, X., Liu, Y., Liu, Z., Ljubicic, T., Llope, W. J., Longacre, R. S., Lukow, N. S., Luo, S., Luo, X., Ma, G. L., Ma, L., Ma, R., Ma, Y. G., Magdy, N., Majka, R., Mallick, D., Margetis, S., Markert, C., Matis, H. S., Mazer, J. A., Minaev, N. G., Mioduszewski, S., Mohanty, B., Mondal, M. M., Mooney, I., Moravcova, Z., Morozov, D. A., Nagy, M., Nam, J. D., Nasim, Md., Nayak, K., Neff, D., Nelson, J. M., Nemes, D. B., Nie, M., Nigmatkulov, G., Niida, T., Nogach, L. V., Nonaka, T., Nunes, A. S., Odyniec, G., Ogawa, A., Oh, S., Okorokov, V. A., Page, B. S., Pak, R., Pandav, A., Panebratsev, Y., Pawlik, B., Pawlowska, D., Pei, H., Perkins, C., Pinsky, L., Pintér, R. L., Pluta, J., Pokhrel, B. R., Porter, J., Posik, M., Pruthi, N. K., Przybycien, M., Putschke, J., Qiu, H., Quintero, A., Radhakrishnan, S. K., Ramachandran, S., Ray, R. L., Reed, R., Ritter, H. G., Rogachevskiy, O. V., Romero, J. L., Ruan, L., Rusnak, J., Sahoo, N. R., Sako, H., Salur, S., Sandweiss, J., Sato, S., Schmidke, W. B., Schmitz, N., Schweid, B. R., Seck, F., Seger, J., Sergeeva, M., Seto, R., Seyboth, P., Shah, N., Shahaliev, E., Shanmuganathan, P. V., Shao, M., Sheikh, A. I., Shen, W. Q., Shi, S. S., Shi, Y., Shou, Q. Y., Sichtermann, E. P., Sikora, R., Simko, M., Singh, J., Singha, S., Smirnov, N., Solyst, W., Sorensen, P., Spinka, H. M., Srivastava, B., Stanislaus, T. D. S., Stefaniak, M., Stewart, D. J., Strikhanov, M., Stringfellow, B., Suaide, A. A. P., Sumbera, M., Summa, B., Sun, X. M., Sun, X., Sun, Y., Surrow, B., Svirida, D. N., Szymanski, P., Tang, A. H., Tang, Z., Taranenko, A., Tarnowsky, T., Thomas, J. H., Timmins, A. R., Tlusty, D., Tokarev, M., Tomkiel, C. A., Trentalange, S., Tribble, R. E., Tribedy, P., Tripathy, S. K., Tsai, O. D., Tu, Z., Ullrich, T., Underwood, D. G., Upsal, I., Van Buren, G., Vanek, J., Vasiliev, A. N., Vassiliev, I., Videbæk, F., Vokal, S., Voloshin, S. A., Wang, F., Wang, G., Wang, J. S., Wang, P., Wang, Y., Wang, Z., Webb, J. C., Weidenkaff, P. C., Wen, L., Westfall, G. D., Wieman, H., Wissink, S. W., Witt, R., Wu, Y., Xiao, Z. G., Xie, G., Xie, W., Xu, H., Xu, N., Xu, Q. H., Xu, Y. F., Xu, Y., Xu, Z., Yang, C., Yang, Q., Yang, S., Yang, Y., Yang, Z., Ye, Z., Yi, L., Yip, K., Yu, Y., Zbroszczyk, H., Zha, W., Zhang, C., Zhang, D., Zhang, S., Zhang, X. P., Zhang, Y., Zhang, Z. J., Zhang, Z., Zhao, J., Zhong, C., Zhou, C., Zhu, X., Zhu, Z., Zurek, M., and Zyzak, M.
Subjects: High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract: The STAR Collaboration reports measurements of the transverse single-spin asymmetry (TSSA) of inclusive $\pi^0$ at center-of-mass energies ($\sqrt s$) of 200 GeV and 500 GeV in transversely polarized proton-proton collisions in the pseudo-rapidity region 2.7 to 4.0. The results at the two different energies show a continuous increase of the TSSA with Feynman-$x$, and, when compared to previous measurements, no dependence on $\sqrt s$ from 19.4 GeV to 500 GeV is found. To investigate the underlying physics leading to this large TSSA, different topologies have been studied. $\pi^0$ with no nearby particles tend to have a higher TSSA than inclusive $\pi^0$. The TSSA for inclusive electromagnetic jets, sensitive to the Sivers effect in the initial state, is substantially smaller, but shows the same behavior as the inclusive $\pi^0$ asymmetry as a function of Feynman-$x$. To investigate final-state effects, the Collins asymmetry of $\pi^0$ inside electromagnetic jets has been measured. The Collins asymmetry is analyzed for its dependence on the $\pi^0$ momentum transverse to the jet thrust axis and its dependence on the fraction of jet energy carried by the $\pi^0$. The asymmetry was found to be small in each case for both center-of-mass energies. All the measurements are compared to QCD-based theoretical calculations for transverse-momentum-dependent parton distribution functions and fragmentation functions. Some discrepancies are found, which indicates new mechanisms might be involved., Comment: after replying to referee's comments. minor changes
Published: 2020
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